WO2022012025A1 - 一种电池模组 - Google Patents

一种电池模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022012025A1
WO2022012025A1 PCT/CN2021/074500 CN2021074500W WO2022012025A1 WO 2022012025 A1 WO2022012025 A1 WO 2022012025A1 CN 2021074500 W CN2021074500 W CN 2021074500W WO 2022012025 A1 WO2022012025 A1 WO 2022012025A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
battery module
battery
casing
fixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074500
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王鹏飞
周锦兵
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dongguan Poweramp Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Dongguan Poweramp Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dongguan Poweramp Technology Ltd filed Critical Dongguan Poweramp Technology Ltd
Priority to JP2021517756A priority Critical patent/JP7433305B2/ja
Priority to AU2021202555A priority patent/AU2021202555B2/en
Priority to EP21754886.6A priority patent/EP3961796B1/en
Priority to US17/460,914 priority patent/US12469920B2/en
Publication of WO2022012025A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022012025A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of new energy, in particular to a battery module.
  • Battery modules are widely used in all aspects of life, and battery modules have a wide range of application scenarios. During the use of the battery module, the volume of the battery module will expand with the charging and discharging cycle, resulting in a decrease in the cycle performance of the battery module.
  • the solution commonly used in the industry is to pressurize the battery module, but the existing solution has the problem of pressure balance. In the traditional pressurization method, after the battery module expands, the external pressure on each part is not balanced. , and the lack of precise pressure regulation results in different pressure values in different regions of the battery module, which adversely affects the electrical cycle performance of the battery module.
  • Existing solutions also suffer from the problem of short-circuiting the cells, or failing due to deflection of the fixture.
  • the application provides a battery module, the battery module includes a cell assembly, the cell in the cell assembly includes a cell main body and a tab, and the battery module further includes: a first fixing band, along the thickness direction of the battery core, surrounding and surrounding the battery core assembly; along the thickness direction of the battery core, the second fixing band surrounding the battery core component; along the length direction of the battery core, the first fixing belt
  • the distance between the projection position of the fixing belt and the first end of the main body part of the battery cell is less than or equal to L/4
  • the distance between the projection position of the second fixing belt and the second end of the main body part of the battery cell is less than or equal to L/4
  • the L is the length of the main body of the battery.
  • the distance between the projected position of the first fixing band and the first end of the main body portion of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 2L/25.
  • the distance between the projected position of the second fixing band and the second end of the main body portion of the battery cell is greater than or equal to 2L/25.
  • the battery module further includes a casing, and the casing includes a casing, and the casing is disposed between the fixing belt and the fixing belt. between the cell components.
  • the battery module further includes an end plate, and the end plate is arranged on the between the outermost cell of the cell assembly and the fixing band.
  • grooves are provided on the outer surface of the housing, and the housing includes a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other. surface, the grooves are formed on the first surface and the second surface.
  • the portion of the fixing strap that is in contact with the housing is provided in the groove.
  • the grooves can be used to limit the movement of the retaining straps and prevent the retaining straps from shifting due to the expansion of the battery module.
  • the number of the fixing straps is two, the two fixing straps are arranged at intervals, and the groove includes a first sub-section. a groove, a second sub-groove, a third sub-groove and a fourth sub-groove, the first sub-groove and the second sub-groove are formed on the first surface, the third sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove A groove is formed on the second surface, one of the fixing strips is set in the first sub-groove and the third sub-groove, and the other fixing strip is set in the second sub-groove and the fourth sub-groove in the sub slot.
  • the two fixing straps arranged at intervals can make the pressure exerted on the cell assembly more even.
  • the battery module further includes an end plate, and the end plate is disposed on the between the outermost cell of the cell assembly and the fixing band.
  • An end plate is arranged between the fixing belt and the casing, and the end plate can enhance the pressure bearing capacity of the casing and prevent the casing from being damaged due to excessive pressure.
  • the housing further includes a third surface and a fourth surface arranged opposite to each other, the end plate and the third surface The surface is in contact with the fourth surface, the housing further includes at least two accommodating grooves, at least two of the accommodating grooves are formed on the third surface and the fourth surface, and the end plate is arranged on the in the receiving slot.
  • the end plates are arranged in the accommodating grooves, which can prevent the end plates from being dislocated due to the expansion of the battery module.
  • the housing further includes a first sub-shell and a second sub-shell, the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell The sub-shells are snapped together to form the shell, the first sub-shell is provided with a first surface, the second sub-shell is provided with a second surface, the shell further includes a fifth surface and a sixth surface, the The engaging surfaces of the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell divide the third surface, the fourth surface, the fifth surface and the sixth surface, and the accommodating groove includes a first sub-slot and a second sub-slot, The first sub-slot is arranged in the first sub-shell, and the second sub-slot is arranged in the second sub-shell.
  • the buckled first sub-shell and the second sub-shell can make the installation process of the casing and the battery core assembly more convenient.
  • the fixing belt includes at least one pressure adjustment unit, and the pressure adjustment unit is used to adjust the pressure by which the fixing belt is pressed. the pressure of the casing. Precise fine-tuning of the pressure of the fixing band on the cell assembly can be achieved by setting the pressure adjustment unit.
  • the pressure adjustment unit includes a screw and a nut, and the torque borne by the screw is greater than or equal to 1.5 NM.
  • the fixing belt is a strip
  • the fixing belt includes a first adjusting portion and a second adjusting portion arranged at intervals
  • the pressure adjustment unit is movably connected with the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part
  • the pressure adjustment unit is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first adjustment part and the second adjustment part The pressure of the fixing strap on the housing.
  • the pressure value of the fixing belt on the housing is in the range of 0kgf to 100kgf, so that the battery core assembly is subjected to a pressure value of 0kgf to 100kgf.
  • the pressure within a reasonable range can effectively improve the cycle performance of the battery module.
  • the sum of the areas of the cross-sections of the fixing belt is greater than or equal to 60 mm 2 , which can ensure that the fixing belt has sufficient strength .
  • the housing further includes a front cover and a control circuit, the front cover is fastened to one end of the housing, so The control circuit is arranged between the end plate and the front cover.
  • an installation groove is provided inside the housing, and at least part of the cell assembly is provided in the installation groove .
  • the battery module of the present application applies pressure to the battery core assembly by setting a surrounding fixing belt on the outside of the battery core assembly, so that the expansion of the battery core assembly during the charging and discharging cycle is limited, and the battery module is improved. Cycling performance of the group. Further, along the length direction of the cell, at least a part of the fixing band is arranged in a predetermined area, and the predetermined area includes one end of the main body of the cell to L/4 from one end of the main body of the cell, so that The pressure on the battery module is more balanced, and the electric cycle performance of the battery module is greatly improved.
  • a casing is arranged between the cell assembly and the fixing band, so as to avoid possible damage or short circuit caused by the direct contact between the fixing band and the cell assembly.
  • an end plate is arranged between the fixing belt and the casing, and the end plate can enhance the pressure-bearing capacity of the casing and prevent the casing from being damaged due to excessive pressure.
  • the fixing band can be arranged in the groove of the casing to avoid displacement of the fixing band due to the expansion of the battery module.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial perspective exploded schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 9 shows the projection distance of the first fixing strap of the battery module along the length direction of the battery cell from the first end is greater than L/4 and the projection of the second fixing strap along the length direction of the battery cell according to an embodiment of the application Schematic diagram of the deformation degree distribution of the end plate when the distance from the second end is greater than L/4.
  • FIG 10 shows the projected distance of the first fixing strap along the length direction of the battery cell from the first end of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present application is less than that of the first end, and the distance between the second fixing strap and the second end may be the distance between the second fixing strap and the A schematic diagram of the deformation degree distribution of the end plate when the projected distance in the length direction of the cell is less than 2L/25 from the second end.
  • FIG 11 shows the projection of the first fixing strap of the battery module along the length direction of the battery cell from the first end of an embodiment of the application, the distance from the first end is greater than or equal to 2L/25 and less than or equal to L/4 and the second fixing Schematic diagram of the deformation degree distribution of the end plate when the projected distance of the tape along the length of the cell from the second end is greater than or equal to 2L/25 and less than or equal to L/4.
  • the first fixing belt 121 The first fixing belt 121
  • the first regulation department 125 The first regulation department 125
  • the second regulation department 126 The second regulation department 126
  • the first sub-slot 161 The first sub-slot 161
  • the main body of the cell 191 is the main body of the cell 191
  • the first deformation zone 211 The first deformation zone 211
  • the present application provides a battery module 1 .
  • the battery module 1 includes a cell assembly 19 .
  • the cell assembly 19 includes a plurality of stacked cells 190 , each cell 190 includes a sheet-shaped cell main body 191 and tabs 192 , and the plurality of cell main bodies 191 are arranged along the cell.
  • the main body parts 191 are stacked in the thickness direction.
  • foam may be disposed between each cell 190 ; two cell assemblies 19 may be stacked to form a larger capacity cell as a whole, and two adjacent cell assemblies 19 may be disposed between There is a pressurized foam.
  • the battery module 1 further includes a fixing band 12 , and the fixing band 12 surrounds the cell assembly 19 along the thickness direction of the battery cell 190 .
  • the fixing band 12 may further include an insulating structure, The insulating structure is at least disposed between the fixing belt 12 and the cell assembly 19 to prevent the fixing belt 12 from causing a short circuit of the cell assembly 19 during the pressing process.
  • the battery module 1 further includes a casing 10 .
  • the casing 10 includes a casing 11 , an end plate 13 , a front cover 14 and a control circuit 15 .
  • the casing 11 is disposed on the fixing belt. 12 and the cell assembly 19.
  • the housing 10 may be formed by combining multiple units, and the housing 11 is connected to the front cover 14 .
  • the casing 11 may be an integral structure; in other embodiments, the casing 11 may also be formed by stacking a plurality of brackets.
  • the housing 10 is formed by combining a plurality of units, the housing 11 is connected to the front cover 14 , and the housing 11 may be an integral structure.
  • the cell assembly 19 is arranged inside the casing 11 , the fixing band 12 is arranged around the outer side of the casing 11 , the end plate 13 is arranged on the outer surface of the casing 11 , the front cover 14 is fastened to the outer side of the casing 11 , and the control circuit 15 is arranged on the casing between the body 11 and the front cover 14 .
  • the casing 11 has a substantially hexahedral structure, and the casing 11 includes a first surface 111 , a second surface 112 , a third surface 113 , and a fourth surface 114 , the fifth surface 115 and the sixth surface 116 .
  • the first surface 111 is opposite to the second surface 112 .
  • the third surface 113 is disposed opposite to the fourth surface 114 .
  • the fifth surface 115 is disposed opposite to the sixth surface 116 .
  • the housing 11 further includes a first sub-shell 118 and a second sub-shell 119 , the first sub-shell 118 and the second sub-shell 119 are fastened together to form the housing 11 , and the fastening surfaces of the first sub-shell 118 and the second sub-shell 119 117 divides the third surface 113 , the fourth surface 114 , the fifth surface 115 and the sixth surface 116 .
  • the first surface 111 is disposed on the first sub-case 118
  • the second surface 112 is disposed on the second sub-case 119 .
  • the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 correspond to the surface enclosed by the length and height (thickness) of the cell main body 191
  • the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 correspond to the surface of the cell main body 191
  • the surface enclosed by the length and the width, the fifth surface 115 and the sixth surface 116 correspond to the surface enclosed by the width and height (thickness) of the cell main body 191 .
  • a groove 16 is formed on the outer surface of the casing 11 , and the groove 16 is formed by the depression of the outer surface of the casing 11 to the interior of the casing 11 .
  • the grooves 16 are formed on the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 .
  • the groove 16 includes a first sub-slot 161 , a second sub-slot 162 , a third sub-slot 163 and a fourth sub-slot 164 .
  • the first sub-groove 161 and the second sub-groove 162 are formed on the first surface 111
  • the third sub-groove 163 and the fourth sub-groove 164 are formed on the second surface 112 .
  • the fixing belt 12 is arranged around the outer side of the casing 11 along the thickness direction of the main body portion 191 of the battery cell (ie, the stacking direction of the plurality of batteries 190 ).
  • the assembly 19 is fixed, and at the same time, the fixing strip 12 does not contact the cell assembly 19 to avoid damage to the cell assembly 19 or short circuit of the cell assembly 19 during the pressing process.
  • the portion of the fixing strap 12 in contact with the casing 11 is disposed in the groove 16 , and the groove 16 can limit the position of the fixing strap 12 to prevent the fixing strap 12 from being displaced or falling off due to the expansion of the battery module 1 .
  • the fixing belt 12 may be a steel belt, and in some cases, an insulating structure may be provided outside the steel belt, and the insulating structure may cover the surface of the steel belt.
  • each fixing belt 12 includes a belt body 120 and at least one pressure adjustment unit 123 .
  • the pressure adjustment unit 123 and the belt body 120 are movably connected so that the belt body 120 forms an annular structure.
  • the pressure adjustment unit 123 is used for Adjust the pressure with which the fixing belt 12 presses the housing 11 .
  • the pressure adjusting unit 123 can be a slack adjusting unit in which a nut and a screw cooperate with each other.
  • the initial pre-pressure of the fixing belt on the housing 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the torque when the screw is tightened.
  • the screw can be M5 or M6. , M8 model, the torque on the screw when tightening is expected to be in the range of 1.5NM ⁇ 50NM.
  • the fixing strap 12 includes a steel strap.
  • the pressure regulating unit 123 also includes other types of regulating units.
  • the torque range provided by the pressure adjustment unit 123 to the fixing band 12 may be 1.5NM ⁇ 50NM, and if the torque is too small (for example, less than 1.5NM), the fixing band 12 is relatively slack and cannot be expanded in the cell assembly 19 . After pressure is applied, excessive torque (eg, greater than 50 NM) may cause the fastening structure of the securing strap 12 to be damaged, resulting in structural failure.
  • the fixing belt 12 may be in a strip shape, and the fixing belt 12 further includes a first adjusting portion 125 and a second adjusting portion 126 arranged at intervals, and the first adjusting portion 125 and the second adjusting portion 126 are located at both ends of the belt body 120 .
  • the pressure adjustment unit 123 is movably connected to the first adjustment part 125 and the second adjustment part 126 , and the pressure adjustment unit 123 adjusts the first adjustment part 125 and the second adjustment part 126 by adjusting the first adjustment part 125 and the second adjustment part 126 . The distance between them can adjust the pressure of the fixing belt 12 to the casing 11 .
  • one fixing band 12 may also be formed by connecting two independent sub-bands at both ends through two different pressure adjusting units 123 .
  • the number of the fixing strips 12 is two, and each fixing strip 12 is disposed around the first surface 111 , the second surface 112 , the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 .
  • the two fixing belts 12 are arranged at intervals, and the two fixing belts 12 can be respectively arranged on both sides of the battery module 1, and this structure can provide a relatively balanced pressure support for the battery module 1.
  • One fixing band 12 is arranged in the first sub-slot 161 and the third sub-slot 163 , and the other fixing band 12 is arranged in the second sub-slot 162 and the fourth sub-slot 164 .
  • the number of the fixing strips 12 may be more than two, and the plurality of fixing strips 12 may be in contact with each other, such as intersecting, and further may be perpendicular to each other.
  • the two fixing straps 12 are a first fixing strap 121 and a second fixing strap 122 respectively, and the first fixing strap 121 and the second fixing strap 122 may have the same structure.
  • the main body portion 191 of the battery cell includes a first end 193 and a second end 194 , the first end 193 and the second end 194 are disposed on opposite sides of the main body portion 191 of the battery cell, and the first end 193 and the second end 194 may correspond respectively The end face corresponding to the thickness and width of the cell 190 .
  • the initial state when the battery module 1 is in an initial state, includes the state of the battery module 1 during a period of time before being put into actual use after the manufacture of the battery module 1 is completed.
  • the component 19 does not expand; the pressure value of the fixing belt 12 on the casing 11 ranges from 0kgf to 100kgf, and the initial pressure of the fixing belt 12 on the casing 11 is small.
  • the battery pack 19 in the battery module 1 begins to charge and discharge After the cycle, the battery module 1 expands, and the pressure of the fixing belt 12 on the casing 11 will increase accordingly, thereby enhancing the cycle performance of the battery cell.
  • the overall cross-sectional area of the fixing belt 12 is greater than or equal to 60 mm 2 .
  • the cross-section of the belt body 120 of the fixing belt 12 may be a rectangle with a length of 19 mm and a width of 0.8 mm. The sum of the cross-sectional areas is greater than 60mm2.
  • the fixing band 12 may also have other shapes such as a cylindrical shape.
  • the first fixing strap 121 is disposed near the first end 193
  • the second fixing strap 122 is disposed near the second end 194 .
  • the projected position of the first fixing band 121 surrounding the cell assembly 19 on the length direction of the cell main body 191 is less than or equal to L from the first end 193 of the cell main body 191 /4, and may be greater than or equal to 2L/25; the distance between the projected position of the second fixing belt 122 surrounding the cell assembly 19 in the length direction of the cell body portion 191 and the second end 194 of the cell body portion 191 is less than or It is equal to L/4, and may be greater than or equal to 2L/25.
  • L is the length of the cell main body portion 191 .
  • the first fixing belt 121 and the second fixing belt 122 can be symmetrically arranged. Specifically, the first fixing belt 121 and the second fixing belt 122 can be corresponding to the lengths of the plurality of cells 190 located on the same side. The line connecting the midpoints of the edges is set symmetrically about the axis of symmetry.
  • the midpoint or the midline of the projection of the fixing strap 12 in the length direction of the cell main body 191 or the side on the same side can be selected as the projected distance from the first end 193 or the first end 193 of the cell main body 191 .
  • the base point or baseline of the length of the two ends 194 can be selected as the projected distance from the first end 193 or the first end 193 of the cell main body 191 .
  • the grooves 16 for accommodating the fixing straps 12 can be correspondingly arranged according to the placement positions of the fixing straps 12 .
  • the end plate 13 is arranged between the fixing band 12 and the cell assembly 19.
  • the projection distance of the fixing band 12 along the length direction of the battery cell 190 from the first end 193 or the second end 194 is set at different positions, the electric The deformation degree distribution of the end plate 13 caused by the expansion of the core assembly 19 due to the charge-discharge cycle is schematically shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 .
  • the projection distance of the first fixing strap 121 of the battery module 1 along the length direction of the battery cell 190 from the first end 193 is greater than L/4 and the second fixing strap 122 is along the length of the battery cell 190 .
  • the length of the end 193 may be, for example, L/3
  • the projected distance of the second fixing band 122 along the length direction of the cell 190 from the second end 194 may be, for example, L/3.
  • the end plate 13 can be roughly divided into three regions according to the degree of deformation.
  • the second deformation region 212 is distributed in the narrower region in the middle of the end plate 13 and the edges on both sides of the end plate 13 .
  • the fifth deformation region 222 and the eighth deformation region 232 are formed by the second The deformation zone 212 is divided into two parts, the fifth deformation zone 222 and the eighth deformation zone 232 are gradually distributed and rapidly reduced toward the outer edges of the upper and lower sides of the end plate 13 respectively.
  • the deformation degree of the second deformation area 212 is greater than that of the fifth deformation area 222
  • the deformation degree of the fifth deformation area 222 is greater than that of the eighth deformation area 232 .
  • the distribution of the deformation degree of the end plate 13 is not balanced.
  • the two ends of the end plate 13 are deformed to a large degree, and the pressure at both ends of the end plate 13 is relatively large.
  • the pressure distribution on the end plate 13 is unbalanced and warped.
  • the pressure distribution on the cell assembly 19 is unbalanced.
  • FIG. 10 it is a schematic diagram of the deformation degree distribution of the end plate 13 when the fixing strap 12 of the battery module 1 is disposed adjacent to one end of the main body portion 191 of the battery cell (see FIG. 8 ), and the first fixing strap 121 is adjacent to the first end 193
  • the distance can be that the projected distance of the first fixing band 121 along the length direction of the cell 190 from the first end 193 is less than 2L/25 (for example, it can be L/28), and the distance between the second fixing band 122 and the second end 194 It may be that the projected distance of the second fixing band 122 along the length direction of the battery cell 190 from the second end 194 is less than 2L/25 (for example, it may be L/28).
  • the end plate 13 can be roughly divided into three regions according to the degree of deformation.
  • the third deformation region 213 is distributed in the middle region of the end plate 13 , and the sixth deformation region 223 and the ninth deformation region 233 extend from the third deformation region 213 to the outer edge of the end plate 13 .
  • the deformation degree of the third deformation area 213 is greater than that of the sixth deformation area 223
  • the deformation degree of the sixth deformation area 223 is greater than that of the ninth deformation area 233 .
  • the overall deformation degree of the end plate 13 gradually decreases from the central region to the peripheral region, so that the deformation of the entire end plate 13 presents a roughly uniform change, and the change trend is relatively balanced.
  • the pressure distribution of the end plate 13 is relatively balanced.
  • the pressure distribution on the end plate 13 is relatively balanced, and no edge warping or damage occurs.
  • the pressure distribution on the cell assembly 19 is relatively balanced.
  • the number of the fixing straps 12 is two, and the two fixing straps 12 are respectively arranged on both sides. In other embodiments, the number of the fixing straps 12 may be three, wherein two fixing straps 12 are arranged on both sides, and one fixing strap 12 is arranged at the central area, and may further cover the center point of the end plate 13, so that the end plate 13 The pressure distribution is more balanced.
  • the projected distance of the first fixing strap 121 of the battery module 1 along the length direction of the battery cell 190 from the first end 193 is greater than or equal to 2L/25 and less than or equal to L/4.
  • the end plate 13 can be roughly divided into three areas according to the degree of deformation.
  • the first deformation area 211 is distributed in the middle area of the end plate 13
  • the fourth deformation area 221 and the seventh deformation area 231 extend from the first deformation area 211 to the outer edge of the end plate 13 .
  • the deformation degree of the first deformation area 211 is greater than that of the fourth deformation area 221
  • the deformation degree of the fourth deformation area 221 is greater than that of the seventh deformation area 231 .
  • the distribution of the deformation degree of the end plate 13 is more balanced, that is, the pressure on the end plate 13 is more balanced.
  • the pressure distribution on the cell assembly 19 is balanced.
  • the deformation degree of the end plate 13 is positively correlated with the pressure received by the end plate 13 , and the pressure received by the end plate 13 is also positively correlated with the pressure received by the cell assembly 19 .
  • the projection distance of the first fixing strap 121 of the battery module 1 along the length direction of the battery cell 190 from the first end 193 is greater than L/4 and the second fixing strap 122 along the length direction of the battery cell 190
  • the distance between the projection on the top and the second end 194 is greater than L/4
  • the narrow area in the middle of the end plate 13 and the edge areas on both sides of the end plate 13 are deformed to a greater degree, and the deformation degree of the edges on both sides of the end plate 13 is too large, and the other two If the deformation degree of the edge of the side region is too small, the pressure on the end plate 13 as a whole is obviously unbalanced, and the pressure distribution on the cell assembly 19 is obviously unbalanced.
  • the distance between the first fixing band 121 and the first end 193 can be equal to the distance between the first fixing band 121 and the battery cell 190 .
  • the projected distance in the length direction of the first end 193 is less than 2L/25, and the distance between the second fixing band 122 and the second end 194 can be the projected distance of the second fixing band 122 along the length direction of the cell 190 from the second end.
  • the second fixing strap 122 when the projected distance of the first fixing strap 121 along the length direction of the cell 190 from the first end 193 is greater than or equal to 2L/25 and less than or equal to L/4, the second fixing strap 122 is in When the projected distance of the cell 190 in the length direction from the second end 194 is greater than or equal to 2L/25 and less than or equal to L/4, the deformation degree of the middle part of the end plate 13 is relatively high, and the middle part of the end plate 13 is highly deformed Compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 , in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 , the pressure on the end plate 13 is more balanced. , the pressure distribution on the cell assembly 19 is also more balanced.
  • the end plate 13 may not be disposed between the cell assembly 19 and the fixing belt 12.
  • the deformation degree, pressure distribution and change trend shown in FIGS. The deformation degree, pressure distribution and change trend of the outermost cell 190 of the cell assembly 19 . That is, corresponding to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 , the pressure distribution on the outermost cells 190 of the cell assembly 19 is relatively balanced, and corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 , the outermost cells 190 of the cell assembly 19 are relatively balanced. The pressure distribution is relatively balanced.
  • the end plate 13 is disposed between the fixing band 12 and the outermost side of the housing 11 along the stacking direction of the cells 190 , and the end plate 13 is in contact with the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 .
  • the material of the end plate 13 may be metal, such as aluminum, and the material of the housing 11 may be an insulating material, such as insulating plastic.
  • the end plate 13 is disposed on one side of the casing 11 to avoid damage to the casing 11 during the pressing process of the fixing belt 12 .
  • the housing 11 further includes at least two accommodating grooves 18 , and the at least two accommodating grooves 18 are formed on the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 .
  • the accommodating grooves 18 are respectively formed by recesses from the third surface 113 and the fourth surface 114 to the inside of the casing 11 , and the end plates 13 are disposed in the accommodating grooves 18 .
  • the pressure regulating unit 123 is disposed on the side of the end plate 13 away from the casing 11 .
  • the accommodating slot 18 includes a first sub-slot 181 and a second sub-slot 182 .
  • the first sub-slot 181 is disposed in the first sub-shell 118
  • the second sub-slot 182 is disposed in the second sub-shell 119 .
  • An installation groove 17 is provided inside the housing 11 , and at least part of the cell assembly 19 is disposed in the installation groove 17 .
  • the number of the installation grooves 17 is plural, and one installation groove 17 corresponds to one battery cell main body 191 .

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种电池模组，所述电池模组包括电芯组件，所述电芯组件中的电芯包括电芯主体部及极耳，所述电池模组还包括：第一固定带，沿电芯的厚度方向，环绕包围所述电芯组件；第二固定带，沿电芯的厚度方向，环绕包围所述电芯组件；在沿所述电芯的长度方向上，所述第一固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第一端的距离小于或等于L/4，所述第二固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第二端的距离小于或等于L/4，所述L为所述电芯主体部的长度。

Description

一种电池模组 技术领域
本申请涉及新能源领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组。
背景技术
电池模组广泛应用于生活的各个方面，电池模组有着广泛的应用场景。电池模组在使用过程中，电池模组的体积会随着充放电循环发生膨胀，导致电池模组循环性能降低。业内常用的解决方案是对电池模组进行加压，但现有的解决方案存在加压均衡性问题，传统的加压方式中，电池模组膨胀后，其各个部分受到的外部压力并不均衡，且无精确的压力调控致使电池模组不同区域压力值并不相同，这对电池模组的电循环性能造成不良影响。现有的解决方案还存在使电芯短路的问题，或因固定装置发生偏移而造成失效的问题。
如何解决上述问题，是本领域技术人员需要考虑的。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的。本申请提供一种电池模组，所述电池模组包括电芯组件，所述电芯组件中的电芯包括电芯主体部及极耳，所述电池模组还包括：第一固定带，沿电芯的厚度方向，环绕包围所述电芯组件；第二固定带，沿电芯的厚度方向，环绕包围所述电芯组件；在沿所述电芯的长度方向上，所述第一固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第一端的距离小于或等于L/4，所述第二固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第二端的距离小于或等于L/4，所述L为所述电芯主体部的长度。
通过设置固定带对电芯组件施加压力，使得电芯组件在充放电循环过程中的膨胀受到限制，可提升电池模组的循环性能。
在第一种可能的实现方式中，结合前述电池模组，所述第一固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第一端的距离大于或等于2L/25。通过选取该值，可以避免电芯组件的中间区域压力过大。
结合第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述第二固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第二端的距离大于或等于2L/25。
结合第一种及第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述电池模组还包括外壳，所述外壳包括壳体，所述壳体设置于所述固定带与所述电芯组件之间。通过选取该预设区域的值，可以避免电芯组件的外侧区域压力过大。
结合第一种至第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述电池模组还包括端板，沿所述电芯的堆叠方向，所述端板设置于所述电芯组件最外侧电芯与所述固定带之间。
结合第一种至第四种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，所述壳体的外表面设置有凹槽，所述壳体包括相背设置的第一表面及第二表面，所述凹槽形成于所述第一表面及所述第二表面。
结合第一种至第五种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，所述固定带与所述壳体接触的部分设置于所述凹槽中。凹槽可用于限制固定带的移动，避免固定带因电池模组膨胀而发生移位。
结合第一种至第六种可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述固定带的数量为两条，两条所述固定带间隔设置，所述凹槽包括第一子槽、第二子槽、第三子槽及第四子槽，所述第一子槽及所述第二子槽形成于所述第一表面，所述第三子槽及所述第四子槽形成于所述第二表面，一条所述固定带设置于所述第一子槽及所述第三子槽中，另一所述固定带设置于所述第二子槽及所述第四子槽中。间隔设置的两个固定带可使施加于电芯组件上的压力更加均衡。
结合第一种至第七种可能的实现方式，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述电池模组还包括端板，沿所述电芯的堆叠方向，所述端板设置于所述电芯组件最外侧电芯与所述固定带之间。固定带与外壳之间设置有端板，端板可增强外壳的受压能力，避免外壳因受压过大发生损坏。
结合第一种至第八种可能的实现方式，在第九种可能的实现方式中，所述壳体还包括相背设置的第三表面及第四表面，所述端板与所述第三表面及所述第四表面接触，所述壳体还包括至少两个容置槽，至少两个所述容置槽形成于所述第三表面及第四表面，所述端板设置于所述容置槽中。所述端板设置于所述容置槽中，可避免端板因电池模组膨胀而发生错位。
结合第一种至第九种可能的实现方式，在第十种可能的实现方式中，所述壳体还包括第一子壳及第二子壳，所述第一子壳及所述第二子壳扣合形成所述壳体，所述第一子壳设置有第一表面，所述第二子壳设置有第二表面，所述壳体还包括第五表面及第六表面，所述第一 子壳与所述第二子壳的扣合面分割所述第三表面、第四表面、第五表面及第六表面，所述容置槽包括第一分槽及第二分槽，所述第一分槽设置于所述第一子壳，所述第二分槽设置于所述第二子壳。扣合的第一子壳及第二子壳可使得壳体与电芯组件在安装过程中更加便捷。
结合第一种至第十种可能的实现方式，在第十一种可能的实现方式中，所述固定带包括至少一个压力调节单元，所述压力调节单元用于调节所述固定带挤压所述壳体的压力。通过设置压力调节单元可实现固定带对电芯组件的压力的精确微调。
结合第一种至第十一种可能的实现方式，在第十二种可能的实现方式中，所述压力调节单元包括螺丝和螺母，所述螺丝承受的扭矩大于或等于1.5NM。
结合第一种至第十二种可能的实现方式，在第十三种可能的实现方式中，所述固定带为条状，所述固定带包括间隔设置的第一调节部及第二调节部，所述压力调节单元与所述第一调节部及所述第二调节部可活动的连接，所述压力调节单元通过调节所述第一调节部与所述第二调节部之间的距离调节所述固定带对所述壳体的压力。
结合第一种至第十三种可能的实现方式，在第十四种可能的实现方式中，所述固定带对所述壳体的压力值的范围为0kgf至100kgf，使得电芯组件受到的压力在一合理范围内，可有效提升电池模组的循环性能。
结合第一种至第十四种可能的实现方式，在第十五种可能的实现方式中，所述固定带的横截面的面积的总和大于或等于60mm 2，可保证固定带具有足够的强度。
结合第一种至第十五种可能的实现方式，在第十六种可能的实现方式中，所述外壳还包括前盖及控制电路，所述前盖扣合于所述壳体一端，所述控制电路设置于所述端板与所述前盖之间。
结合第一种至第十六种可能的实现方式，在第十七种可能的实现方式中，所述壳体内部设置有安装槽，所述电芯组件的至少部分设置于所述安装槽中。
相比于现有技术，本申请的电池模组，通过在电芯组件外侧设置环绕的固定带对电芯组件施加压力，使得电芯组件在充放电循环过程中的膨胀受限，提升电池模组的循环性能。进一步的，在沿电芯的长度方向上，固定带的至少部分设置于一预设区域内，预设区域包括电芯主体部一端至距离所述电芯主体部一端的L/4处，使得电池模组受到的压力更加均衡，电池模组电循环性能提升更大。进一步的，电芯组件与固定带之间设置有外壳，避免因固定带与电芯组件直接接触而可能造成的损坏或短路。进一步的，固定带与外壳之间设置有端板，端板可增强外壳的受压能力，避免外壳因受压过大发生损坏。进一步的，固定带可设置于外 壳的凹槽中，避免固定带因电池模组膨胀而发生移位。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例的电池模组的立体示意图。
图2为本申请一实施例的电池模组的立体示意图。
图3为本申请一实施例的电池模组的立体分解示意图。
图4为本申请一实施例的电池模组的局部立体示意图。
图5为本申请一实施例的电池模组的局部立体分解示意图。
图6为本申请一实施例的电池模组的局部放大示意图。
图7为本申请一实施例的电池模组的局部放大示意图。
图8为本申请一实施例的电池模组的透视示意图。
图9为本申请一实施例的电池模组的第一固定带在沿电芯的长度方向上的投影距离第一端大于L/4且第二固定带在沿电芯的长度方向上的投影距离第二端的距离大于L/4时端板的形变程度分布示意图。
图10为本申请一实施例的电池模组的第一固定带在沿电芯的长度方向上的投影距离第一端小于且第二固定带临近第二端的距离可以为第二固定带在沿电芯的长度方向上的投影距离第二端小于2L/25时端板的形变程度分布示意图。
图11为本申请一实施例的电池模组的第一固定带在沿电芯的长度方向上的投影距离第一端的距离大于或等于2L/25且小于或等于L/4且第二固定带在沿电芯的长度方向上的投影距离第二端的距离大于或等于2L/25且小于或等于L/4时端板的形变程度分布示意图。
主要元件符号说明
电池模组                                1
外壳                                   10
壳体                                   11
第一表面                               111
第二表面                               112
第三表面                               113
第四表面                               114
第五表面                                115
第六表面                                116
扣合面                                  117
第一子壳                                118
第二子壳                                119
固定带                                  12
第一固定带                              121
第二固定带                              122
带体                                    120
第一调节部                              125
第二调节部                              126
压力调节单元                            123
端板                                    13
前盖                                    14
控制电路                                15
凹槽                                    16
第一子槽                                161
第二子槽                                162
第三子槽                                163
第四子槽                                164
安装槽                                  17
容置槽                                  18
第一分槽                                181
第二分槽                                182
电芯组件                                19
电芯                                    190
电芯主体部                              191
第一端                                  193
第二端                                  194
极耳                                     192
第一形变区                               211
第二形变区                               212
第三形变区                               213
第四形变区                               221
第五形变区                               222
第六形变区                               223
第七形变区                               231
第八形变区                               232
第九形变区                               233
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本申请。
具体实施方式
以下描述将参考附图以更全面地描述本申请内容。附图中所示为本申请的示例性实施例。然而，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实施，并且不应该被解释为限于在此阐述的示例性实施例。提供这些示例性实施例是为了使本申请透彻和完整，并且将本申请的范围充分地传达给本领域技术人员。类似的附图标记表示相同或类似的组件。
本文使用的术语仅用于描述特定示例性实施例的目的，而不意图限制本申请。如本文所使用的，除非上下文另外清楚地指出，否则单数形式“一”，“一个”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式。此外，当在本文中使用时，“包括”和/或“包含”或“包括”和/或“包括”或“具有”和/或“具有”，整数，步骤，操作，组件和/或组件，但不排除存在或添加一个或多个其它特征，区域，整数，步骤，操作，组件，组件和/或其群组。
除非另外定义，否则本文使用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)具有与本申请所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。此外，除非文中明确定义，诸如在通用字典中定义的那些术语应该被解释为具有与其在相关技术和本申请内容中的含义一致的含义，并且将不被解释为理想化或过于正式的含义。
以下内容将结合附图对示例性实施例进行描述。须注意的是，参考附图中所描绘的组件不一定按比例显示；而相同或类似的组件将被赋予相同或相似的附图标记表示或类似的技术 用语。
下面参照附图，对本申请的具体实施方式作进一步的详细描述。
如图1至图8所示，本申请提供一种电池模组1，电池模组1包括电芯组件19。
如图3所示，电芯组件19包括多个堆叠设置的电芯190，每个电芯190包括片状的电芯主体部191及极耳192，多个电芯主体部191在沿电芯主体部191的厚度方向上堆叠设置。于一实施例中，每个电芯190之间可设置有泡棉；两个电芯组件19可堆叠设置形成一容量更大的电芯整体，相邻两个电芯组件19之间可设置有一加压泡棉。
于一实施例中，电池模组1还包括固定带12，固定带12沿电芯190的厚度方向，环绕包围电芯组件19，在本实施例中，固定带12还可包括一绝缘结构，该绝缘结构至少设置于固定带12与电芯组件19之间，避免固定带12在加压过程中导致电芯组件19短路。
于一实施例中，如图1至图3所示，电池模组1还包括外壳10，外壳10包括壳体11、端板13、前盖14以及控制电路15，壳体11设置于固定带12及电芯组件19之间。
于一实施例中，外壳10可以为多个单元结合形成，壳体11与前盖14连接。于一实施例中，壳体11可以为一整体结构；在其他实施例中，壳体11还可以为多个支架堆叠组成。在本实施例中，外壳10为多个单元结合形成，壳体11与前盖14连接，壳体11可以为一整体结构。
电芯组件19设置于壳体11内部，固定带12环绕壳体11的外侧设置，端板13设置于壳体11外表面，前盖14扣合于壳体11外侧，控制电路15设置于壳体11与前盖14之间。
如图1、图2、图4所示，于一实施例中，壳体11大致为一六面体结构，壳体11包括第一表面111、第二表面112、第三表面113、第四表面114、第五表面115以及第六表面116。第一表面111与第二表面112相背设置。第三表面113与第四表面114相背设置。第五表面115与第六表面116相背设置。壳体11还包括第一子壳118及第二子壳119，第一子壳118及第二子壳119扣合形成壳体11，第一子壳118与第二子壳119的扣合面117分割第三表面113、第四表面114、第五表面115及第六表面116。第一表面111设置于第一子壳118，第二表面112设置于第二子壳119。
于一实施例中，第一表面111及第二表面112对应电芯主体部191的长和高(厚度)所围成的面，第三表面113及第四表面114对应电芯主体部191的长和宽所围成的面，第五表面115及第六表面116对应电芯主体部191的宽和高(厚度)所围成的面。
如图5及图6所示，壳体11的外表面形成有凹槽16，凹槽16由壳体11的外表面向壳 体11内部凹陷形成，如图2及图3所示，于一实施例中，凹槽16形成于第一表面111及第二表面112。凹槽16包括第一子槽161、第二子槽162、第三子槽163及第四子槽164。第一子槽161及第二子槽162形成于第一表面111，第三子槽163及第四子槽164形成于第二表面112。
固定带12沿电芯主体部191的厚度方向(即，多个电芯190的堆叠方向)环绕设置于壳体11的外侧，固定带12通过给壳体11施加压力使壳体11及电芯组件19被固定，同时，固定带12与电芯组件19不接触以避免在加压过程中对电芯组件19造成损毁或导致电芯组件19短路。固定带12与壳体11接触的部分设置于凹槽16中，凹槽16可对固定带12的位置进行限定，避免固定带12因电池模组1发生膨胀而移位或脱落。
于一实施例中，固定带12可以为钢带，在一些情形下，所述钢带外部可设置有绝缘结构，该绝缘结构可覆盖所述钢带的表面。
如图4所示，每个固定带12包括带体120及至少一个压力调节单元123，压力调节单元123与带体120可活动的连接使带体120形成一环形结构，压力调节单元123用于调节固定带12挤压壳体11的压力。在本实施例中，压力调节单元123可以为一螺母与螺丝相互配合的松紧调节单元，可以通过调节螺丝拧紧时的扭矩来调节固定带对壳体11的初始预压力，螺丝可选用M5、M6、M8的型号，紧固时对螺丝承受的扭矩预计在1.5NM～50NM范围内。在本实施例中，固定带12包括钢带。
在其他实施例中，压力调节单元123还包括其他类型的调节单元。于一实施例中，压力调节单元123对固定带12提供的扭矩范围可以为1.5NM～50NM，过小的扭矩(例如，小于1.5NM)使得固定带12比较松弛，无法在电芯组件19膨胀后提供压力，过大的扭矩(例如，大于50NM)使得固定带12的紧固结构可能被破坏从而导致结构失效。
如图7所示，于一实施例中，固定带12可以为条状，固定带12还包括间隔设置的第一调节部125及第二调节部126，第一调节部125及第二调节部126位于带体120的两端。如图7所示，于一实施例中，压力调节单元123与第一调节部125及第二调节部126可活动的连接，压力调节单元123通过调节第一调节部125与第二调节部126之间的距离以调节固定带12对壳体11的压力。在其他实施例中，一个固定带12还可以由两条独立的子带在两端通过两个不同的压力调节单元123连接形成。
于一实施例中，固定带12的数量为两条，每条固定带12环绕第一表面111、第二表面112、第三表面113及第四表面114设置。两条固定带12间隔设置，两条固定带12可分别 设置于电池模组1的两侧，该结构可为电池模组1提供较为均衡的压力支持。一条固定带12设置于第一子槽161及第三子槽163中，另一固定带12设置于第二子槽162及第四子槽164中。在其他实施例中，固定带12的数量可以为大于两条，多条固定带12可接触，例如交叉，进一步可以为相互垂直。
于一实施例中，两条固定带12分别为第一固定带121及第二固定带122，第一固定带121及第二固定带122可以具备相同的结构。电芯主体部191包括第一端193及第二端194，第一端193与第二端194设置于电芯主体部191相背的两侧，第一端193及第二端194可分别对应电芯190的厚度与宽度所对应的端面。
于一实施例中，当电池模组1处于初始状态，所述初始状态包括电池模组1制造完毕后，投入实际使用前这一时间段的状态，此状态的电池模组1中的电芯组件19未发生膨胀；固定带12对壳体11的压力值的范围为0kgf至100kgf，固定带12对于壳体11的初始压力较小，当电池模组1中的电芯组件19开始充放电循环后，电池模组1的发生膨胀，固定带12对壳体11的压力会随之增大，从而增强电芯的循环性能。固定带12的总体横截面的面积大于或等于60mm2，于一实施例中，固定带12的带体120的横截面可以为长度为19mm、宽度为0.8mm的矩形，4个固定带12的横截面积之和大于60mm2。在其他实施例中，固定带12还可以为圆柱状等其他形状。
于一实施例中，如图8所示，第一固定带121靠近第一端193设置，第二固定带122靠近第二端194设置。在沿电芯190的长度方向上，围绕电芯组件19的第一固定带121，在电芯主体部191长度方向上的投影位置距离电芯主体部191的第一端193距离小于或等于L/4，进一步可以大于或等于2L/25；围绕电芯组件19的第二固定带122，在电芯主体部191长度方向上的投影位置距离电芯主体部191的第二端194距离小于或等于L/4，进一步可以大于或等于2L/25。其中，L为电芯主体部191的长度。于一实施例中，第一固定带121与第二固定带122可对称设置，具体的，第一固定带121与第二固定带122可依据多个电芯190位于同一侧的长度所对应的边的中点的连线为对称轴对称设置。
于一实施例中，可以选取固定带12在电芯主体部191长度方向上的投影的中点或中线或同侧的侧边作为计算该投影距离电芯主体部191的第一端193或第二端194的长度的基点或基线。
于一实施例中，用于容纳固定带12的凹槽16可依据固定带12的摆放位置对应设置。
端板13设置于固定带12与电芯组件19之间，当固定带12在沿电芯190的长度方向上 的投影距离第一端193或第二端194的距离设置于不同位置时，电芯组件19因充放电循环发生膨胀引起端板13的形变程度分布示意如图9至图11所示。
如图9所示，为电池模组1的第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第一端193大于L/4且第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194的距离大于L/4时端板13的形变程度分布示意图，在本实施例中，第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第一端193的长度例如可以为L/3，第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194的长度例如可以为L/3。端板13依形变程度大致可分为三个区域，第二形变区212分布于端板13中部较窄区域以及端板13两侧边缘，第五形变区222及第八形变区232由第二形变区212分割为两部分，第五形变区222及第八形变区232分别向端板13上下两侧外缘渐次演变分布并快速变小。第二形变区212的形变程度大于第五形变区222的形变程度，第五形变区222的形变程度大于第八形变区232的形变程度。具体的，电芯190的厚度范围可以为9～～20mm(例如可以为13mm)，电芯190的宽度范围可以为122～～142mm，电芯190的长度范围可以为265～～360mm(例如可以为360mm)；沿端板13厚度方向上，当压力载荷为5KN时，第二形变区212的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝5mm～6mm(两端的最大形变值可以为δmax＝5.506mm)，第五形变区222的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝3mm～4mm(具体可以为δmax＝3.75mm)，第八形变区232的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝1mm～2mm(具体可以为δmax＝1.875mm)。端板13的形变程度分布并不均衡。端板13两端形变程度较大，端板13两端的压力较大，端板13受到的压力分布不均衡且发生翘边，对应的，电芯组件19受到的压力分布不均衡。
如图10所示，为电池模组1的固定带12设置于临近电芯主体部191(参见图8)一端的情形下端板13的形变程度分布示意图，第一固定带121临近第一端193的距离可以为第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第一端193小于2L/25(例如可以为L/28)，第二固定带122临近第二端194的距离可以为第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194小于2L/25(例如可以为L/28)。端板13依形变程度大致可分为三个区域，第三形变区213分布于端板13中部区域，第六形变区223及第九形变区233由第三形变区213向端板13外边缘渐次演变分布。第三形变区213的形变程度大于第六形变区223的形变程度，第六形变区223的形变程度大于第九形变区233的形变程度。具体的，电芯190的厚度范围可以为9～～20mm(例如可以为13mm)，电芯190的宽度范围可以为122～～142mm，电芯190的长度范围可以为265～～360mm(例如可以为360mm)；沿端板13 厚度方向上，当压力载荷为5KN时，第三形变区213的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝5mm～6mm(具体可以为δmax＝5.941mm)，第六形变区223的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝4mm～5mm(具体可以为δmax＝4.375mm)，第九形变区233的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝3mm～4mm(具体可以为δmax＝3.125mm)。端板13的总体形变程度由中部区域向外围区域缓慢逐渐减小，使整个端板13的形变呈现大致均匀的变化，变化趋势较为均衡，对应的，端板13的压力分布较为均衡。相较于图9所示的实施方式，图10所示的实施方式中端板13受到的压力分布较为均衡，并未出现翘边或破损。对应的，电芯组件19受到的压力分布较为均衡。
在本实施例中，固定带12的数量为两条，两条固定带12分别设置于两侧。在其他实施例中，固定带12的数量可以为三条，其中两条固定带12设置于两侧，一条固定带12设置于中部区域，进一步可以为覆盖端板13的中心点，使得端板13的压力分布更加均衡。
如图11所示，为电池模组1的第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第一端193的距离大于或等于2L/25且小于或等于L/4，第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194的距离大于或等于2L/25且小于或等于L/4时端板13的形变程度分布示意图，在本实施例中，第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第一端193的距离可以为L/6，第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194的距离可以为L/6处。端板13依形变程度大致可分为三个区域，第一形变区211分布于端板13中部区域，第四形变区221及第七形变区231由第一形变区211向端板13外边缘渐次演变分布。第一形变区211的形变程度大于第四形变区221的形变程度，第四形变区221的形变程度大于第七形变区231的形变程度。具体的，电芯190的厚度范围可以为9～～20mm(例如可以为13mm)，电芯190的宽度范围可以为122～～142mm，电芯190的长度范围可以为265～～360mm(例如可以为360mm)；沿端板13厚度方向上，当压力载荷为5KN时，第一形变区211的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝5mm～6mm(具体可以为δmax＝5.687mm)，第四形变区221的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝4mm～5mm(具体可以为δmax＝4.375mm)，第七形变区231的最大形变量范围可以为δ＝3mm～4mm(具体可以为δmax＝3.75mm)。相较于图9及图10所示的实施方式，图11所示的实施方式中端板13的形变程度分布更加均衡，即，端板13处受到的压力更加均衡。对应的，电芯组件19受到的压力分布均衡。
端板13的形变程度与端板13受到的压力呈正相关，端板13受到的压力与电芯组件19受到的压力亦呈正相关。由图9可知，当电池模组1的第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度 方向上的投影距离第一端193大于L/4且第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194的距离大于L/4时，端板13中部较窄区域以及端板13两侧边缘区域的形变程度较大，端板13两侧边缘形变程度过大，另两侧区域边缘形变程度过小，端板13整体受压力明显不均衡，电芯组件19受到的压力分布明显不均衡。由图10可知，固定带12设置于临近电芯主体部191(参见图8)一端的情形下，第一固定带121临近第一端193的距离可以为第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第一端193小于2L/25，第二固定带122临近第二端194的距离可以为第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194小于2L/25，端板13中部区域形变程度较为适中，边缘区域的形变程度均匀分布，端板13整体受压力较为均衡，电芯组件19受到的压力分布较为均衡。由图11可知，当第一固定带121在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第一端193的距离大于或等于2L/25且小于或等于L/4，第二固定带122在沿电芯190的长度方向上的投影距离第二端194的距离大于或等于2L/25且小于或等于L/4时，端板13的中部形变程度较高，且端板13的中部呈高形变的区域面积适中，端板13的形变程度由中部向外围区域合理的逐渐减小，相较于图10所示的实施方式，图11所示的实施方式中，端板13受到的压力更加均衡，电芯组件19受到的压力分布亦更加均衡。
于一实施例中，电芯组件19与固定带12之间可不设置端板13，对于该实施方式，如前述内容列举的图9至图11所展示的形变程度、压力分布及变化趋势对应为电芯组件19最外侧电芯190的形变程度、压力分布及变化趋势。即，对应图9及图10所示的实施方式中，电芯组件19最外侧电芯190上的压力分布较为均衡，对应图11所示的实施方式中，电芯组件19最外侧电芯190上的压力分布较为均衡。
端板13沿电芯190堆叠方向设置于固定带12与壳体11最外侧之间，端板13与第三表面113及第四表面114接触。
于一实施例中，端板13的材料可以为金属，例如铝，壳体11的材料可以为绝缘材质，例如绝缘塑料。端板13设置于壳体11一侧可避免固定带12加压过程中对壳体11造成损伤。
如图3所示，壳体11还包括至少两个容置槽18，至少两个容置槽18形成于第三表面113及第四表面114。于一实施例中，容置槽18分别由第三表面113及第四表面114向壳体11内部凹陷形成，端板13设置于容置槽18中。压力调节单元123设置于端板13远离壳体11一侧。
于一实施例中，容置槽18包括第一分槽181及第二分槽182，第一分槽181设置于第 一子壳118，第二分槽182设置于第二子壳119。
壳体11内部设置有安装槽17，电芯组件19的至少部分设置于安装槽17中。于一实施例中，安装槽17的数量为多个，一个安装槽17对应一个电芯主体部191，电芯190可通过设置于安装槽17中的粘胶与壳体11固定。
上文中，参照附图描述了本申请的具体实施方式。但是，本领域中的普通技术人员能够理解，在不偏离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，还可以对本申请的具体实施方式作各种变更和替换。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池模组，所述电池模组包括电芯组件，所述电芯组件中的电芯包括电芯主体部及极耳，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括：
    第一固定带，沿电芯的厚度方向，环绕包围所述电芯组件；
    第二固定带，沿电芯的厚度方向，环绕包围所述电芯组件；以及
    在沿所述电芯的长度方向上，所述第一固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第一端的距离小于或等于L/4，所述第二固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第二端的距离小于或等于L/4，所述L为所述电芯主体部的长度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第一固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第一端的距离大于或等于2L/25。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第二固定带的投影位置距离所述电芯主体部第二端的距离大于或等于2L/25。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括外壳，所述外壳包括壳体，所述壳体设置于所述固定带与所述电芯组件之间。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括端板，沿所述电芯的堆叠方向，所述端板设置于所述电芯组件最外侧电芯与所述固定带之间。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述壳体的外表面设置有凹槽，所述壳体包括相背设置的第一表面及第二表面，所述凹槽形成于所述第一表面及所述第二表面。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述固定带设置于所述凹槽中。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述固定带的数量为两条，两条所述固定带间隔设置，所述凹槽包括第一子槽、第二子槽、第三子槽及第四子槽，所述第一子槽及所述第二子槽形成于所述第一表面，所述第三子槽及所述第四子槽形成于所述第二表面，一条所述固定带设置于所述第一子槽及所述第三子槽中，另一所述固定带设置于所述第二子槽及所述第四子槽中。
  9. 如权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括端板，沿所述电芯的堆叠方向，所述端板设置于所述电芯组件最外侧电芯与所述固定带之间。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述壳体还包括相背设置的第三表面及第四表面，所述端板与所述第三表面及所述第四表面接触，所述壳体还包括至少两个容置槽，至少两个所述容置槽形成于所述第三表面及第四表面，所述端板设置于所述容置槽中。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述壳体还包括第一子壳及第二子壳，所述第一子壳及所述第二子壳扣合形成所述壳体，所述第一子壳设置有第一表面，所述第二子壳设置有第二表面，所述壳体还包括第五表面及第六表面，所述第一子壳与所述第二子壳的扣合面分割所述第三表面、第四表面、第五表面及第六表面，所述容置槽包括第一分槽及第二分槽，所述第一分槽设置于所述第一子壳，所述第二分槽设置于所述第二子壳。
  12. 如权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述固定带包括至少一个压力调节单元，所述压力调节单元用于调节所述固定带挤压所述壳体的压力。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述压力调节单元包括螺丝和螺母，所述螺丝承受的扭矩大于或等于1.5NM。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述固定带为条状，所述固定带包括间隔设置的第一调节部及第二调节部，所述压力调节单元与所述第一调节部及所述第二调节部可活动的连接，所述压力调节单元通过调节所述第一调节部与所述第二调节部之间的距离调节所述固定带对所述壳体的压力。
  15. 如权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述固定带对所述壳体的压力值的范围为0kgf至100kgf。
  16. 如权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述固定带的横截面的面积的总和大于或等于60mm 2。
  17. 如权利要求9所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述外壳还包括前盖及控制电路，所述前盖扣合于所述壳体一端，所述控制电路设置于所述端板与所述前盖之间。
  18. 如权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述壳体内部设置有安装槽，所述电芯组件的至少部分设置于所述安装槽中。
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