WO2022024907A1 - 回路基板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
回路基板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022024907A1 WO2022024907A1 PCT/JP2021/027274 JP2021027274W WO2022024907A1 WO 2022024907 A1 WO2022024907 A1 WO 2022024907A1 JP 2021027274 W JP2021027274 W JP 2021027274W WO 2022024907 A1 WO2022024907 A1 WO 2022024907A1
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- main surface
- circuit board
- hole
- polishing
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
- H05K3/425—Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by the sequence of steps for plating the through-holes or via connections in relation to the conductive pattern
- H05K3/426—Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by the sequence of steps for plating the through-holes or via connections in relation to the conductive pattern initial plating of through-holes in substrates without metal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/11—Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K1/115—Via connections; Lands around holes or via connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
- H05K3/423—Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by electroplating method
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/09—Shape and layout
- H05K2201/09209—Shape and layout details of conductors
- H05K2201/095—Conductive through-holes or vias
- H05K2201/09563—Metal filled via
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/07—Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
- H05K2203/0703—Plating
- H05K2203/0723—Electroplating, e.g. finish plating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/13—Moulding and encapsulation; Deposition techniques; Protective layers
- H05K2203/1377—Protective layers
- H05K2203/1394—Covering open PTHs, e.g. by dry film resist or by metal disc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/14—Related to the order of processing steps
- H05K2203/1476—Same or similar kind of process performed in phases, e.g. coarse patterning followed by fine patterning
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a circuit board and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a via metal that conducts through both main surfaces of an insulating substrate and a method for forming the via metal.
- a circuit board in which wirings formed on both main surfaces of an insulating substrate are connected by via metal penetrating both main surfaces is used. It is used.
- via metal either a method of forming a via hole in the insulating substrate and then filling it with metal, or filling a non-through hole formed from the first main surface of the insulating substrate with metal and then polishing the second main surface. It is formed by exposing the via metal.
- a method of filling the via hole or the non-through hole with metal a method by plating and a method of firing a paste containing metal particles are used (Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- JP-A-2015-43391A Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-66658 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-291946
- the method for manufacturing a circuit board according to the present disclosure is a circuit board having an insulating substrate having a plurality of via holes penetrating the first main surface and the second main surface which are facing each other, and a metal filled with the via holes. It is a manufacturing method.
- the method for manufacturing a circuit board according to the present disclosure includes a hole forming step of forming a via hole or a non-through hole that opens only on the second main surface of the insulating substrate; and a filling step of filling the via hole or the non-through hole with the metal.
- a first polishing step of polishing at least one of the main surface metals to form a step between the metal and the insulating substrate; and a coating step of covering the polished surface of the metal by plating; 1 Includes a second polishing step of polishing the metal on the main surface and the second main surface.
- the circuit board of the present disclosure includes an insulating substrate having a plurality of via holes penetrating the first main surface and the second main surface which are facing main surfaces, a second metal layer filling the via holes, and a second metal. It has a third metal layer that covers the entire surface of the.
- the method using paste requires firing at a relatively high temperature. Therefore, thermal stress due to shrinkage after firing causes deformation and cracks.
- the firing temperature is higher than the melting point of the via metal, the influence of shrinkage due to the phase transformation is also added.
- the firing temperature is equal to or lower than the melting point of the metal, the metal becomes porous. As a result, many voids or glass components are contained in the metal, and it becomes difficult to reduce the surface roughness of the polished surface.
- the plating method can be formed at a relatively low temperature and is less likely to be deformed or cracked.
- a dense metal with few voids can be formed, and the surface roughness of the polished surface can be easily reduced.
- voids are likely to be formed near the center line where the metal grown from the inner wall surface of the via hole joins.
- Patent Document 3 also proposes a method of filling vias with a paste and covering with plating.
- the via metal formed by paste firing has the above-mentioned problems.
- the plating solution may remain in a large number of voids, which may adversely affect the characteristics of subsequent processes or products.
- circuit board that is dense, has a via metal with few voids on the surface, and is less likely to be deformed or cracked.
- the circuit board 10 has an insulating substrate 1 having a via hole 3 penetrating two opposing main surfaces 2 (first main surface 2a and a second main surface 2b), and a via metal 4 filling the via hole 3 (hereinafter, simply “. It may be described as “metal 4").
- the main surface 2 of the insulating substrate 1 and the surface of the via metal 4 are processed to have substantially the same height, and a wiring metal (not shown) connected to the via metal 4 is arranged on the main surface 2.
- the method for manufacturing the circuit board 10 of the present disclosure includes a hole forming step of forming a via hole 3 that opens in both main surfaces 2 or a non-through hole 6 that opens only in the second main surface 2b in the insulating substrate 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the first embodiment includes a hole forming step (FIG. 1A) for forming a via hole 3 in the insulating substrate 1; and a seed layer forming step (FIG. 1B) for forming a seed layer 5 on the first main surface 2a; by electroplating.
- a closing step (FIG. 1C) in which the first main surface 2a side of the via hole 3 is closed by the first metal layer 4a; and a filling step (FIG. 1D) in which the via hole 3 is filled with the second metal layer 4b by electroplating.
- a first polishing step (FIG.
- FIG. 1E shows an embodiment in which one main surface 2 (second main surface 2b) is polished in the first polishing step and both main surfaces 2 are polished in the second step.
- the insulating substrate 1 is made of ceramic, a single crystal, or the like, for example, sapphire. Sapphire is a single crystal of alumina.
- the dimensions of the insulating substrate 1 are, for example, a diameter of 50 mm or more and 200 mm or less, and a thickness of 0.2 mm or more and 1.0 mm or less.
- the via hole 3 is formed by a known method such as mechanical processing by a drill or the like, laser processing, etching, or the like. After drilling, heat treatment may be performed to alleviate crystal defects and stress caused by the drilling.
- the diameter of the via hole 3 is, for example, 100 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the material of the metal 4 is not particularly limited. Silver, copper, gold and alloys containing them as main components are suitable because of their high electrical conductivity. Platinum group elements, titanium, niobium, tantalum and alloys containing them as main components are suitable because they have high corrosion resistance.
- the third metal layer 4c is formed by electroplating.
- the first metal layer 4a and the second metal layer 4b are also preferably formed by electroplating, but may be formed by filling and firing a paste containing a metal component (in that case, forming the first metal layer 4a). Is unnecessary).
- Metal formation using paste requires firing at a relatively high temperature, and thermal stress due to shrinkage after firing causes deformation and cracks.
- the firing temperature is equal to or lower than the melting point of the metal, the metal becomes porous containing a large amount of voids and the surface roughness (arithmetic mean roughness) of the polished surface becomes large.
- the metal 4 can be formed by plating at a relatively low temperature, and is less likely to be deformed or cracked. A dense metal 4 with few voids can be formed, and the surface roughness of the polished surface can be easily reduced.
- the second metal layer 4b which is the main part of the metal 4
- the third metal layer 4c which is the surface of the metal 4, by plating, a dense and desired surface roughness surface can be obtained. Plating on a paste-fired metal with a large number of voids may cause residual plating solution, whereas plating on a plated metal with a small number of voids reduces such a concern.
- the seed layer 5 is formed on the first main surface 2a of the insulating substrate 1 by a method such as electroless plating or thin film deposition.
- the seed layer 5 is made of, for example, nickel, titanium, chromium, palladium or the like.
- Metal 4 is formed by electroplating starting from the seed layer 5.
- the seed layer 5 is used as a cathode, and an anode (metal source) is arranged on the first main surface 2a side.
- an anode metal source
- the first metal layer (closed layer) 4a is formed, and the first main surface 2a side of the via hole 3 is closed (closed step). Even if the via hole 3 is not completely closed, it may be closed until the opening area is about half or less of the cross-sectional area of the via hole 3.
- the first metal layer 4a is used as a cathode, and the anode is arranged on the second main surface 2b side. Then, as shown in FIG. 1D, a second metal layer (filled layer) 4b is formed and the via hole 3 is filled with the metal 4 (filling step).
- the film forming speed of the second metal layer 4b is higher than the film forming rate of the first metal 4a, it is preferable from the viewpoint of productivity. For example, the film forming speed can be increased by increasing the current density during electroplating.
- the packed bed 4b grows in the via hole 3 in the thickness direction (direction from the first main surface 2a toward the second main surface 2b) and also in the radial direction (direction from the inner wall surface toward the center line). Therefore, voids are likely to be formed in the vicinity of the center line where the grown metals 4 meet.
- the circuit board 10 if voids exist as open pores on the surface of the metal 4 or as closed pores near the surface, in the manufacturing process of the product using the circuit board 10, the wiring electrode It causes peeling. Further, the chemical solution used in the manufacturing process remains, which causes an adverse effect on the product.
- the second main surface 2b is polished using a lapping device or the like, and as shown in FIG. 1E, the metal 4 protruding from the second main surface 2b is removed (first polishing step).
- the metal 4 is softer and easier to polish than the insulating substrate 1 made of a ceramic such as alumina or an oxide single crystal such as sapphire. Therefore, a step L1 can be formed between the main surface 2 and the metal 4 after polishing (the surface of the metal 4 is lowered).
- the size of the step L1 can be adjusted by various conditions such as the material, shape, particle size of the abrasive grains, the pH of the slurry, the processing pressure, and the processing time.
- the surface of the metal 4 after polishing (that is, the interface between the second metal layer 4b and the third metal layer 4c) is flat and has a uniform surface roughness as compared with the non-polished surface.
- an anode is arranged on the polished surface side of the metal 4, and as shown in FIG. 1F, a third metal layer 4c is formed to cover the polished surface (coating step).
- the anode may be arranged on only one side. It is preferable that the third metal layer 4c is denser, that is, has less voids than the second metal layer 4b.
- the film forming speed of the third metal layer 4b is smaller than the film forming rate of the second metal 4b, the surface of the metal layer 4 is covered with a denser film, which is preferable. For example, by lowering the current density, the film forming speed can be reduced.
- the third metal layer 4c having a finer density or less voids, the open pores on the surface of the metal 4 and the closed pores near the surface can be used for subsequent processes and device performance.
- the adverse effect can be reduced.
- the third metal layer 4c is harder than the second metal layer 4b (for example, the Vickers hardness is high), it is easy to reduce the step with the main surface 2 and reduce the surface roughness.
- the third metal layer 4c may have a different constituent metal element from the second metal layer, or may have a different composition of the constituent metal element.
- the hardness, denseness, and composition of constituent elements of the second metal layer 4b and the third metal layer 4c may be changed in a continuous (linear or curvilinear) or discontinuous stepwise manner within the layer.
- the third metal layer 4c which is denser and harder than the second metal layer 4b, can be formed while continuously or stepwise adjusting the physical properties of the metal layer 4 (for example, the coefficient of thermal expansion and the conductivity). ..
- the step L1 between the surface of the metal 4 (second metal layer 4b) after the first polishing step and the main surface 2 is the surface of the metal 4 (third metal layer 4c) after the second polishing step and the main surface 2. It is preferably larger than the step L1. Thereby, the third metal layer 4c can not only cover the voids on the surface of the second metal layer 4b, but also cover the entire surface of the second metal layer 4b.
- the step L1 between the surface of the metal 4 and the main surface 2 after the first polishing step is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less (the surface of the metal 4 is 1 to 10 ⁇ m lower than the main surface 2).
- the third metal layer 4c needs to have a thickness sufficient to sufficiently cover the voids on the surface of the second metal layer 4b.
- the step L1 By setting the step L1 to 1 ⁇ m or more, the surface of the second metal layer 4b and the voids exposed on the surface can be covered with the third metal layer 4c in the subsequent coating step. Since the dense third metal layer 4c is formed, the film forming speed of the third metal layer 4c tends to be low. In order to form the metal layer 4 with good productivity, it is preferable that the third metal layer 4c is thin. By setting the step L1 to 10 ⁇ m or less, the thickness of the third metal layer 4c formed in the subsequent coating step can be reduced.
- the third metal layer 4c having a sufficient thickness necessary for covering the voids on the surface of the second metal layer 4b can be formed. For example, by increasing the pressing force during polishing or lengthening the processing time, it is possible to increase the step L1 between the surface of the metal 4 and the main surface 2 after polishing. If the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the surface (polished surface) of the second metal layer 4b after the first polishing step is about 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less, the adhesion with the third metal layer 4c to be formed thereafter It is good because it has high power.
- the first polishing step is further carried out on the first main surface 2a, and the metal 4 and the seed layer protruding from the first main surface 2a are further carried out.
- 5 may be removed and a coating step may be carried out on the second main surface 2b to form the third metal layer 4c on both the first main surface 2a side and the second main surface 2b side of the metal 4.
- the metal 4 can be easily energized in the coating process on the second main surface 2b side. Become.
- the coating step may be performed by electroless plating, or the main surface 2 may be coated.
- a metal film for energization may be formed on either of them and then electroplated.
- both main surfaces 2 are polished using a double-sided lapping device to remove the metal 4 and the seed layer 5 protruding from the main surface 2, and then in the coating step, both main surfaces 2 are subjected to polishing.
- the third metal layer 4c may be formed.
- both main surfaces 2 are polished using a lapping device or the like, and as shown in FIG. 1G, the metal 4 protruding from the main surface 2 is polished (and the seed layer 5 if the seed layer 5 remains). And remove it (second polishing step). It is preferable to polish the two main surfaces 2 at the same time using a double-sided lapping device because the productivity is good.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the main surface 2 of the circuit board 10 of the present disclosure.
- the third metal layer 4c may cover the entire surface of the second metal layer 4b.
- the step L1 between the surface of the metal 4 and the main surface 2 is preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the third metal layer 4c is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more. It is preferable that the arithmetic average roughness Ra of the main surface 2 of the insulating substrate 1 and the metal 4 is both 0.3 ⁇ m or less, and the difference is 0.2 ⁇ m or less. As a result, the connection with the wiring metal is good, and it becomes difficult to break the wire.
- the wiring metal has a relatively gentle inclination on the main surface 2 and the metal 4. Since it is connected with, it is difficult to break the wire.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a second embodiment includes a hole forming step (FIG. 2A) for forming a non-through hole 6 that opens only in the second main surface 2b on the insulating substrate 1; and forming a seed layer 5 on the inner wall of the non-through hole 6.
- a seed layer forming step (FIG. 2B); a filling step of filling the non-through hole 6 with the second metal layer 4b by electroplating (FIG. 2C); Polishing step (FIG. 2D); Coating step of covering the polished surface of the metal 4 with the third metal layer 4c by plating (FIG. 2E); Polishing the metal 4 of the first main surface 2a and the second main surface 2b. It has a second polishing step (FIG. 2F).
- the metal 4 has a second metal layer (packed layer) 4b and a third metal layer (coating layer) 4c.
- the seed layer 5 is formed on the inner wall of the non-through hole 6 and the second main surface 2b.
- the first main surface 2a of the insulating substrate 1 on the non-opening side (the metal 4 is not exposed) is polished in the first polishing step or the second polishing step to expose the metal 4 to form a via hole 3. do.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which both main surfaces 2 are polished in the first polishing step.
- the first main surface 2a is covered with a mask such as resin to form a non-through hole 6, which is the same as in the second embodiment.
- the mask may be removed after forming the second metal layer 4a and the third metal layer 4c.
- the first main surface 2a is covered with a mask such as resin to completely close the first main surface 2a.
- the mask may be removed after forming the two metal layers 4a and the third metal layer 4c.
- the polishing process means a process of removing the metal 4 protruding from the main surface 2 to flatten the main surface 2. Grinding, which increases the surface roughness before and after processing, and CMP processing, which combines mechanical processing and chemical processing, are also included in the polishing process.
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- Structure Of Printed Boards (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2 主面
2a 第1主面
2b 第2主面
3 ビアホール
4 ビア金属(金属)
4a 第1金属層(閉塞層)
4b 第2金属層(充填層)
4c 第3金属層(被覆層)
5 シード層
6 非貫通穴
10 回路基板
Claims (12)
- 対向する主面である第1主面と第2主面とを貫通する複数のビアホールを有する絶縁基板と、前記ビアホールを充填した金属とを有する回路基板の製造方法であって、
前記絶縁基板に、前記ビアホールまたは前記第2主面のみに開口する非貫通穴を形成する穴形成工程と、
前記ビアホールまたは前記非貫通穴を前記金属で充填する充填工程と、
少なくともいずれかの前記主面の前記金属を研磨して、前記金属と前記絶縁基板との間に段差を形成する第1研磨工程と、
めっきによって、前記金属の研磨面を被覆する被覆工程と、
前記第1主面と前記第2主面との前記金属を研磨する第2研磨工程と、
を含有する、回路基板の製造方法。 - 前記充填工程において、前記金属をめっきによって形成する、請求項1に記載の回路基板の製造方法。
- 前記穴加工工程において、前記第1主面と前記第2主面を貫通する前記ビアホールを形成し、
前記第1主面にシード層を形成するシード層形成工程と、電気めっきによって前記ビアホールの前記第1主面側を前記金属で閉塞させる閉塞工程とを実施した後に、
電気めっきによって前記充填工程を実施する、請求項2に記載の回路基板の製造方法。 - 前記穴加工工程において、前記非貫通穴を形成し、
前記非貫通穴の内壁にシード層を形成するシード層形成工程を実施した後に、
電気めっきによって前記充填工程を実施する、請求項1に記載の回路基板の製造方法。 - 前記絶縁基板は、セラミックまたは単結晶からなる、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の回路基板の製造方法。
- 前記第1研磨工程後の主面と前記金属の表面との段差が、前記第2研磨工程後の前記主面と前記金属の表面との段差よりも大きい、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の回路基板の製造方法。
- 対向する主面である第1主面と第2主面とを貫通する複数のビアホールを有する絶縁基板と、前記ビアホールを充填する第2金属層と、前記第2金属の表面全体を被覆する第3金属層とを有する回路基板。
- 前記第3金属層の厚みは0.1μm以上である、請求項7に記載の回路基板。
- 前記第3金属層は前記第2金属層よりも緻密で硬い、請求項7または8に記載の回路基板。
- 前記主面と前記金属の表面との段差が1μm以下である、請求項7~9のいずれかに記載の回路基板。
- 前記主面と前記金属の表面の算術平均粗さRaがともに0.3μm以下で、かつ差が0.2μm以下である、請求項7~10のいずれかに記載の回路基板。
- 前記主面と前記ビアホールとの接続部分のロールオフの幅が1μm以下である、請求項7~11のいずれかに記載の回路基板。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP21851384.4A EP4192202A4 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2021-07-21 | CIRCUIT SUBSTRATE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
| US18/018,522 US12446153B2 (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2021-07-21 | Circuit substrate and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2022540238A JP7525612B2 (ja) | 2020-07-29 | 2021-07-21 | 回路基板およびその製造方法 |
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| JP2020-128334 | 2020-07-29 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2023134328A (ja) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-09-27 | 巨擘科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 | パッケージ基板構造 |
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| WO2022024907A1 (ja) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | 回路基板およびその製造方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20230300983A1 (en) | 2023-09-21 |
| JPWO2022024907A1 (ja) | 2022-02-03 |
| US12446153B2 (en) | 2025-10-14 |
| EP4192202A4 (en) | 2024-09-04 |
| JP7525612B2 (ja) | 2024-07-30 |
| EP4192202A1 (en) | 2023-06-07 |
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