WO2022035131A1 - 배터리 관리 시스템, 배터리 관리 방법, 배터리 팩 및 전기 차량 - Google Patents
배터리 관리 시스템, 배터리 관리 방법, 배터리 팩 및 전기 차량 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022035131A1 WO2022035131A1 PCT/KR2021/010343 KR2021010343W WO2022035131A1 WO 2022035131 A1 WO2022035131 A1 WO 2022035131A1 KR 2021010343 W KR2021010343 W KR 2021010343W WO 2022035131 A1 WO2022035131 A1 WO 2022035131A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/92—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with prioritisation of loads or sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/933—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for controlling the charging of a battery.
- the multi-stage constant-current charging map includes at least one data arrangement in which correspondences between a plurality of current rates and a plurality of state of charge (SOC) ranges are recorded.
- SOC state of charge
- the conventional charging procedure using the multi-stage constant current charging map does not take into account the deterioration of the battery.
- the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and includes a battery management system for updating a multi-stage constant current charging map based on the battery voltage and battery current monitored during charging using the multi-stage constant current charging map, a battery management method, An object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack and an electric vehicle.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a battery management system, a battery management method, a battery pack, and an electric vehicle for updating the battery.
- a battery management system includes: a sensing unit configured to generate a sensing signal representing a battery voltage and a battery current of a battery; a memory unit configured to store a charging map in which a correspondence relationship between first to nth reference SOC ranges, first to nth reference currents, and first to nth reference voltages for multi-stage constant current charging is recorded; and a control unit configured to start constant current charging using a kth reference current corresponding to a kth reference SOC range to which the SOC of the battery belongs among the first to nth reference SOC ranges in response to a charging start command .
- the control unit during the constant current charging, in response to the battery voltage reaching the kth reference voltage corresponding to the kth reference SOC range before the SOC of the battery reaches the upper limit of the kth reference SOC range, and switch from the constant current charging to the constant voltage charging using the kth reference voltage.
- the control unit In response to the SOC of the battery reaching the upper limit value of the k-th reference SOC range during the constant voltage charging, the control unit is configured to, based on the time series of the battery current in the charging period of the constant voltage charging, the charging map and update the kth reference current of n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, and k is a natural number less than or equal to n.
- the control unit may be configured to determine an average current in the charging period from the time series of the battery current.
- the controller may be configured to update the k-th reference current to be the same as the average current.
- the control unit may be configured to determine an average current in the charging period from the time series of the battery current.
- the controller may be configured to update the kth reference current to be equal to a sum of a product of the kth reference current and a first weight and a product of the average current and a second weight.
- Each of the first weight and the second weight may be a positive number less than 1, and the sum of the first weight and the second weight may be 1.
- the controller may be configured to update each remaining reference current except for the kth reference current from among the 1 to nth reference currents based on a ratio of the updated kth reference current to the kth reference current .
- a battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention includes the battery management system.
- An electric vehicle includes the battery pack.
- a battery management method provides, in response to a charging start command, between first to nth reference SOC ranges, first to nth reference currents, and first to nth reference voltages for multi-stage constant current charging.
- the constant current charging in response to the battery voltage reaching the kth reference voltage corresponding to the kth reference SOC range before the SOC of the battery reaches the upper limit of the kth reference SOC range, from the constant current charging switching to constant voltage charging using the kth reference voltage; and in response to the SOC of the battery reaching the upper limit value of the k-th reference SOC range during the constant voltage charging, updating the charging map based on the time series of battery currents in the charging period of the constant voltage charging.
- the updating of the k-th reference current of the charging map may include: determining an average current for the charging period from a single time series of the battery current; and updating the kth reference current to be the same as the average current.
- the battery management method further includes updating each of the remaining reference currents except for the k-th reference current from among the 1 to n-th reference currents based on a ratio between the k-th reference current and the updated k-th reference current.
- the multi-stage constant current charging map may be updated based on the battery voltage and the battery current monitored during charging using the multi-stage constant current charging map.
- the plurality of SOC ranges even if the charging procedure ends while being performed for only a part of the plurality of SOC ranges, based on the update result for the current rates of the plurality of SOC ranges, the plurality of SOC ranges The current rate of each remaining SOC range can be updated.
- FIG. 1 is a view exemplarily showing the configuration of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram exemplarily illustrating a correspondence relationship between a reference SOC range and a reference current recorded in a charging map.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram exemplarily showing a correspondence relationship between a reference SOC range and a reference voltage recorded in a charging map.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a battery management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a battery management method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- control unit> means a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and may be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.
- FIG. 1 is a view exemplarily showing the configuration of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
- an electric vehicle 1 includes a battery pack 10 , an inverter 30 , an electric motor 40 , and a charging circuit 50 .
- the battery pack 10 includes a battery B, a switch 20 and a battery management system 100 .
- the battery B includes at least one or more battery cells.
- the type of each battery cell is not particularly limited as long as it can be repeatedly charged and discharged, such as a lithium ion cell.
- the battery B may be coupled to the inverter 30 and/or the charging circuit 50 through a pair of power terminals provided in the battery pack 10 .
- the switch 20 is connected in series to the battery B.
- the switch 20 is installed in a current path for charging and discharging the battery B.
- the switch 20 is controlled on/off in response to a switching signal from the battery management system 100 .
- the switch 20 may be a mechanical relay turned on and off by a magnetic force of a coil or a semiconductor switch such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- Inverter 30 is provided to convert direct current from battery B into alternating current in response to a command from battery management system 100 .
- the electric motor 40 may be, for example, a three-phase alternating current motor.
- the electric motor 40 is driven using AC power from the inverter 30 .
- the battery management system 100 may be in charge of overall control related to charging and discharging of the battery B.
- the battery management system 100 includes a sensing unit 110 , a memory unit 120 , and a control unit 140 .
- the battery management system 100 may further include at least one of the interface unit 130 and the switch driver 150 .
- the sensing unit 110 includes a voltage sensor 111 and a current sensor 112 .
- the sensing unit 110 may further include a temperature sensor 113 .
- the voltage sensor 111 is connected in parallel to the battery B, and is configured to detect a battery voltage across both ends of the battery B and generate a voltage signal indicative of the detected battery voltage.
- the current sensor 112 is connected in series to the battery B through a current path.
- Current sensor 112 is configured to detect a battery current flowing through battery B and generate a current signal indicative of the detected battery current.
- the temperature sensor 113 is configured to detect the temperature of the battery B and generate a temperature signal indicative of the detected temperature.
- the memory unit 120 includes a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a solid state disk type (SSD), a silicon disk drive type (SDD), and a multimedia card micro type. micro type), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM) It may include at least one type of storage medium.
- the memory unit 120 may store data and a program required for an arithmetic operation by the control unit 140 .
- the memory unit 120 may store data representing a result of an operation performed by the control unit 140 .
- the memory unit 120 stores a charging map.
- the charge map may be pre-stored in the memory unit 120 before shipment of the battery management system 100 , or received from the outside (eg, a battery manufacturer) or the upper controller 2 through the interface unit 130 . .
- the charging map is used in a charging procedure for multi-stage constant current charging of the battery B.
- the charging map correspondence relationships between the first to nth reference SOC ranges, the first to nth reference currents, and the first to nth reference voltages for multi-stage constant current charging are recorded.
- n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.
- the reference current of the lower priority may be smaller than the reference current of the prior priority.
- the interface unit 130 may include a communication circuit configured to support wired communication or wireless communication between the control unit 140 and the upper controller 2 (eg, ECU: Electronic Control Unit). Wired communication may be, for example, CAN (controller area network) communication, and wireless communication may be, for example, Zigbee or Bluetooth communication. Of course, as long as wired/wireless communication between the controller 140 and the upper controller 2 is supported, the type of the communication protocol is not particularly limited.
- the interface unit 130 may include an output device (eg, a display, a speaker) that provides information received from the control unit 140 and/or the upper controller 2 in a user-recognizable form.
- the upper controller 2 may control the inverter 30 based on battery information (eg, voltage, current, temperature, SOC) collected through communication with the battery management system 100 .
- battery information eg, voltage, current, temperature, SOC
- the control unit 140 operates on the upper controller 2 , the switch 20 , the charging circuit 50 , the sensing unit 110 , the memory unit 120 , the interface unit 130 , and/or the switch driver 150 . can possibly be combined.
- the two components are operatively coupled, it means that the two components are directly or indirectly connected to transmit/receive signals in one direction or in both directions.
- the switch driver 150 is electrically coupled to the control unit 140 and the switch SW.
- the switch driver 150 is configured to selectively turn on/off the switch SW in response to a command from the controller 140 .
- the controller 140 may instruct the switch driver 150 to turn on the switch SW while the charging procedure is in progress.
- the control unit 140 may collect a sensing signal from the sensing unit 110 .
- the sensing signal refers to a synchronously detected voltage signal, a current signal, and/or a temperature signal.
- the controller 140 in hardware, ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), DSPs (digital signal processors), DSPDs (digital signal processing devices), PLDs (programmable logic devices), FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), microprocessors (microprocessors) and may be implemented using at least one of electrical units for performing other functions.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- microprocessors microprocessors
- the interface unit 130 may relay bidirectional communication between the control unit 140 and the charging circuit 50 and bidirectional communication between the control unit 140 and the upper controller 2 .
- the charging circuit 50 is configured to supply the battery B with a charging current at a current rate requested from the battery management system 100 .
- the charging circuit 50 may be configured to supply a charging voltage having a voltage level requested from the battery management system 100 to the battery B.
- the control unit 140 is configured to initiate a charging procedure using the charging map in response to receiving the charging start command through the interface unit 130 .
- the controller 140 may end the charging procedure using the charging map in response to receiving the charging stop command through the interface unit 130 .
- the controller 140 may determine the SOC of the battery B based on the sensing signal.
- a known algorithm such as an open circuit voltage (OCV)-SOC curve, ampere counting, Kalman filter, and the like may be used.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram exemplarily illustrating a correspondence relationship between a reference current and a reference SOC range recorded in a charging map
- FIG. 3 is a diagram exemplarily illustrating a correspondence relationship between a reference voltage and a reference SOC range recorded in a charging map.
- n 4
- the charging map defines a correspondence relationship between four reference SOC ranges, four reference currents, and four reference voltages.
- the first current profile 210 shown in FIG. 2 is, for the battery B in a new state, the first to fourth reference SOC ranges ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC 4 and the first to fourth reference currents I 1 ⁇ I 4 ) represents the correspondence between them.
- the first current profile 210 may be recorded in the charging map in a format such as a data table.
- S k is the upper limit of the kth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC k ).
- S m is a natural number less than n
- S m is equal to the lower limit of the (m+1)th reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC m+1 ).
- S 1 is a lower limit of the second reference SOC range ⁇ SOC 2 having S 2 as an upper limit.
- the lower limit (S 0 ) of the first reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC 1 ) may be 0 [%].
- the controller 140 may command the charging circuit 50 to charge the constant current using the mth reference current I m .
- the control unit 140 during constant current charging using the mth reference current (I m ), when the SOC of the battery (B) reaches the upper limit value (S m ) of the mth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC m ), the (m)th +1) constant current charging using the reference current I m+1 may be commanded to the charging circuit 50 .
- the control unit 140 during constant current charging using the n-th reference current (I n ), when the SOC of the battery (B) reaches the upper limit value (S n ) of the n-th reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC n ), constant voltage charging
- the charging circuit 50 may be commanded. Accordingly, the multi-stage constant current charging using the charging map is terminated, and it is possible to switch to the constant voltage charging.
- the first voltage profile 310 shown in FIG. 3 is, for the battery B in a new state, the first to fourth reference SOC ranges ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC 4 and the first to fourth reference voltages V 1 ⁇ V 4 ) represents the correspondence between them.
- the first voltage profile 310 may be recorded in the charging map in a format such as a data table.
- V k is a reference voltage representing the battery voltage when the SOC of the new battery B reaches the upper limit value S k of the kth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC k ) by the kth reference current I k . it is predetermined
- the second voltage profile 320 shown in FIG. 3 sequentially uses the first to fourth reference currents I 1 to I 4 for the first to fourth reference SOC ranges ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC 4 . , represents a change in the monitored battery voltage through the process of constant current charging of the degraded battery (B).
- V 1k is the battery voltage when the SOC of the degraded battery B reaches the upper limit value S k of the kth reference SOC range ⁇ SOC k , and is the kth It can be seen that it is larger than the reference voltage (V k ). That is, V 11 > V 1 , V 12 > V 2 , V 13 > V 3 , V 14 > V 4 .
- the battery voltage is the k-th reference voltage (V) within the k-th reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC k ).
- ⁇ SOC k the k-th reference SOC range
- the magnitude of the charging current is set to the kth reference It is necessary to adjust it to be smaller than the current (I k ).
- the second current profile 220 shown in FIG. 2 and the third voltage profile 330 shown in FIG. 3 apply the battery management method according to the present invention, through the process of charging the degraded battery (B).
- the controller 140 controls the battery voltage, the battery current, and the battery SOC every set time (eg, 0.001 seconds) during constant current charging using the kth reference current I k .
- monitor The control unit 140 in response to the battery voltage reaching the kth reference voltage (V k ) before the SOC of the battery (B) reaches the upper limit value (S k ) of the kth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC k ), It is possible to switch from constant current charging using the kth reference current (I k ) to constant voltage charging using the kth reference voltage (V k ).
- the battery B is charged with a constant voltage to the kth reference voltage (V k ).
- V k the battery current gradually decreases as the battery voltage gradually increases.
- constant current charging using the second reference current I 2 is performed over the SOC range of S 1 to Z 2 [%], and then the SOC range of Z 2 to S 2 [%] (second constant voltage charging range) ), the battery voltage of the battery B is charged with a constant voltage while maintaining the same as the second reference voltage V 2 .
- the second current profile 220 it can be confirmed from the second current profile 220 that the battery current is gradually decreased from the second reference current I 2 while the battery B is being charged at a constant voltage by the second reference voltage V 2 .
- the control unit 140 the first to fourth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC 4 ) Based on the battery voltage and battery current monitored while the charging procedure for at least one of the sequential progress, the first of FIG.
- the charging map including the current profile 210 and the first voltage profile 310 of FIG. 3 may be updated.
- the control unit 140 from the time series (which may be referred to as 'current history') of the monitored battery current over the kth constant voltage charging period, which is the charging period of the kth constant voltage charging range (Z k ⁇ S k ), The k-th average current may be determined.
- the k-th average current may be an average of battery currents repeatedly sensed for every set time in the k-th constant voltage charging period. Accordingly, the kth average current is smaller than the kth reference current I k .
- the controller 140 may update the k-th reference current I k of the charging map based on the k-th average current.
- Each of the currents I 11 to I 14 of the third current profile 230 of FIG. 2 may be a result of updating the reference currents I 1 to I 4 of the charging map.
- the controller 140 updates the k-th reference current I k to be equal to the sum of the product of the k-th reference current I k and the first weight and the product of the k-th average current and the second weight. can do.
- Each of the first weight and the second weight may be a positive number less than 1, and the sum of the first weight and the second weight may be 1.
- the second reference current I 2 120 A
- the second average current 100 A
- the first weight 0.4
- the second weight 0.6
- the second reference current I 2 of 120 A is smaller than that Can be changed to I 12 of 108 A and recorded in the charging map
- the charging procedure according to the above-described battery management method is frequently terminated without being sequentially progressed for each of all the reference SOC ranges ( ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC 4 ).
- the charging cable may be disconnected from the electric vehicle 1 by the vehicle user before charging is started before the battery B is fully discharged, or before switching from constant current charging to constant voltage charging.
- the control unit 140 when charging is started from when the SOC of the battery B is greater than S 0 , or when charging is terminated when the SOC of the battery B is less than S 4 , Among all the reference SOC ranges ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC 4 , the reference current associated with each remaining reference SOC range may be updated based on update information on at least one reference SOC range.
- i and j are each a natural number, i ⁇ j, i is 2 or more, or j is less than n. Only the i to jth reference currents (I i ⁇ I j ) corresponding to the i to jth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC i ⁇ SOC j ) are I i ⁇ I j from I
- the charging procedure may be ended while being updated to 1i to I 1j , respectively.
- the controller 140 may update each of the remaining reference currents using the following equation.
- x is a natural number less than or equal to n excluding i to j
- I x is the reference current before the update
- I 1x is the updated reference current.
- ⁇ avg is an average ratio of the i to jth updated reference currents I 1i to I 1j to the i to jth reference currents I i to I j .
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a battery management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- step S410 the control unit 140, in response to the charging start command, the first to n-th reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC n ), the first to n-th reference current (
- the charging maps 210 and 310 in which the correspondence between I 1 to I n ) and the first to nth reference voltages V 1 to V n are recorded are read from the memory unit 120 .
- step S420 the controller 140 selects the kth reference SOC range ⁇ SOC k to which the SOC of the battery B belongs from among the first to nth reference SOC ranges ⁇ SOC 1 to ⁇ SOC n . For example, when the SOC of the battery B is greater than or equal to S 1 and less than S 2 , the second reference SOC range ⁇ SOC 2 is selected.
- step S430 the controller 140 starts constant current charging using the kth reference current I k corresponding to the kth reference SOC range ⁇ SOC k .
- step S440 the controller 140 determines that the battery voltage corresponds to the kth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC k ) before the SOC of the battery reaches the upper limit value (S k ) of the kth reference SOC range ( ⁇ SOC k ). It is determined whether the reference voltage (V k ) has been reached. If the value of step S440 is "YES", the flow proceeds to step S450.
- step S450 the controller 140 switches from constant current charging using the kth reference current I k to constant voltage charging using the kth reference voltage V k .
- step S460 the controller 140 determines whether the SOC of the battery has reached an upper limit value S k of the kth reference SOC range ⁇ SOC k . If the value of step S460 is YES, the flow proceeds to step S470.
- step S470 the controller 140 updates the k-th reference current I k of the charging map based on the current history of the battery current over the charging period of constant voltage charging using the k-th reference voltage V k . .
- step S480 the controller 140 determines whether the kth reference SOC range ⁇ SOC k is the nth reference SOC range ⁇ SOC n . That is, the control unit 140 determines whether the SOC of the battery B has reached the maximum SOC(S n ) of the multi-stage constant current charging specified by the charging map. If the value of step S480 is "NO”, the flow returns to step S420. When the value of step S480 is “Yes”, the method of FIG. 4 may be terminated.
- steps S440 to S470 in the method of FIG. 4 may be omitted.
- the method of FIG. 4 may be started in response to a charging start command in a state where a predetermined update condition is satisfied.
- the update condition is to prevent the update of the charging maps 210 and 310 unnecessarily and frequently.
- a first threshold value eg, 100 Ah [ampere- hour]
- the number of cycles of the battery B increases by more than a second threshold (eg, 50 times) more than the number of cycles at the time of the previous update
- the capacity retention rate of the battery B increases at the time of the previous update.
- the third threshold value eg, 5% or more decrease than the capacity retention rate, and the result may be a result of more than a threshold time (eg, one month) from the last update time.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a battery management method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the method of FIG. 5 when only the i to jth reference currents I i to I j among the first to nth reference currents I 1 to I n are updated through the method of FIG. 4 , each of the remaining reference currents can be used to update That is, the method of FIG. 5 can be executed when the battery B is charged only for a part of the entire SOC range of S 0 to S n (eg, Z 1 to S 3 in FIG. 2 ) by the method of FIG. 4 . there is.
- i and j are each a natural number, i ⁇ j, i is 2 or more, or j is less than n.
- step S510 the controller 140 calculates an average ratio of the i to jth updated reference currents I 1i to I 1j to the i to j th reference currents I i to I j (above). See ⁇ avg in the formula).
- step S520 the control unit 140, among the first to nth reference currents (I 1 to I n ), each of the reference currents except the i to jth reference currents (I i to I j ) by multiplying the average ratio by , update each reference current.
- the embodiment of the present invention described above is not implemented only through the apparatus and method, and may be implemented through a program for realizing a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium in which the program is recorded.
- the implementation can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains from the description of the above-described embodiments.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 배터리의 배터리 전압 및 배터리 전류를 나타내는 센싱 신호를 생성하도록 구성되는 센싱부;다단 정전류 충전을 위한 제1 내지 제n 기준 SOC 범위, 제1 내지 제n 기준 전류 및 제1 내지 제n 기준 전압 간의 대응 관계가 기록된 충전 맵을 저장하도록 구성되는 메모리부; 및충전 개시 명령에 응답하여, 상기 제1 내지 제n 기준 SOC 범위 중, 상기 배터리의 SOC가 속하는 제k 기준 SOC 범위에 대응하는 제k 기준 전류를 이용한 정전류 충전을 개시하도록 구성되는 제어부를 포함하되,상기 제어부는,상기 정전류 충전 중, 상기 배터리의 SOC가 상기 제k 기준 SOC 범위의 상한값에 도달하기 전에 상기 배터리 전압이 상기 제k 기준 SOC 범위에 대응하는 제k 기준 전압에 도달한 것에 응답하여, 상기 정전류 충전으로부터 상기 제k 기준 전압을 이용한 정전압 충전으로 전환하고,상기 정전압 충전 중, 상기 배터리의 SOC가 상기 제k 기준 SOC 범위의 상기 상한값에 도달한 것에 응답하여, 상기 정전압 충전의 충전 기간에서의 상기 배터리 전류의 시계열을 기초로, 상기 충전 맵의 상기 제k 기준 전류를 업데이트하도록 구성되되,n은 2 이상의 자연수이고, k는 n 이하의 자연수인 배터리 관리 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 배터리 전류의 상기 시계열로부터, 상기 충전 기간에서의 평균 전류를 결정하고,상기 평균 전류와 동일하게, 상기 제k 기준 전류를 업데이트하도록 구성되는 배터리 관리 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 배터리 전류의 상기 시계열로부터, 상기 충전 기간에서의 평균 전류를 결정하고,상기 제k 기준 전류와 제1 가중치의 곱 및 상기 평균 전류와 제2 가중치의 곱의 합과 동일하게, 상기 제k 기준 전류를 업데이트하도록 구성되는 배터리 관리 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 제1 가중치와 상기 제2 가중치 각각은 1 미만의 양수이고,상기 제1 가중치와 상기 제2 가중치의 합은 1인 배터리 관리 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제k 기준 전류에 대한 상기 업데이트된 제k 기준 전류의 비율을 기초로, 상기 1 내지 제n 기준 전류 중에서 상기 제k 기준 전류를 제외한 나머지 각 기준 전류를 업데이트하도록 구성되는 배터리 관리 시스템.
- 제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 상기 배터리 관리 시스템을 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제6항에 따른 상기 배터리 팩을 포함하는 전기 차량.
- 배터리 관리 방법에 있어서,충전 개시 명령에 응답하여, 다단 정전류 충전을 위한 제1 내지 제n 기준 SOC 범위, 제1 내지 제n 기준 전류 및 제1 내지 제n 기준 전압 간의 대응 관계가 기록된 충전 맵으로부터, 상기 제1 내지 제n 기준 SOC 범위 중, 배터리의 SOC가 속하는 제k 기준 SOC 범위에 대응하는 제k 기준 전류를 이용한 정전류 충전을 개시하는 단계;상기 정전류 충전 중, 상기 배터리의 SOC가 상기 제k 기준 SOC 범위의 상한값에 도달하기 전에 배터리 전압이 상기 제k 기준 SOC 범위에 대응하는 제k 기준 전압에 도달한 것에 응답하여, 상기 정전류 충전으로부터 상기 제k 기준 전압을 이용한 정전압 충전으로 전환하는 단계; 및상기 정전압 충전 중, 상기 배터리의 SOC가 상기 제k 기준 SOC 범위의 상기 상한값에 도달한 것에 응답하여, 상기 정전압 충전의 충전 기간에서의 배터리 전류의 시계열을 기초로, 상기 충전 맵의 상기 제k 기준 전류를 업데이트하는 단계를 포함하되,n은 2 이상의 자연수이고, k는 n 이하의 자연수인 배터리 관리 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 충전 맵의 상기 제k 기준 전류를 업데이트하는 단계는,상기 배터리 전류의 싱기 시계열로부터, 상기 충전 기간에서의 평균 전류를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 평균 전류와 동일하게, 상기 제k 기준 전류를 업데이트하는 단계를 포함하는 배터리 관리 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 제k 기준 전류와 상기 업데이트된 제k 기준 전류 간의 비율을 기초로, 상기 1 내지 제n 기준 전류 중에서 상기 제k 기준 전류를 제외한 나머지 각 기준 전류를 업데이트하는 단계를 더 포함하는 배터리 관리 방법.
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| EP26162310.2A EP4725752A2 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2021-08-05 | Battery management system, battery management method, battery pack and electric vehicle |
| EP21856137.1A EP4167344A4 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2021-08-05 | Battery management system, battery management method, battery pack and electric vehicle |
| CN202180042044.9A CN115997317A (zh) | 2020-08-13 | 2021-08-05 | 电池管理系统、电池管理方法、电池组和电动车辆 |
| JP2022570231A JP7393089B2 (ja) | 2020-08-13 | 2021-08-05 | バッテリー管理システム、バッテリー管理方法、バッテリーパック及び電気車両 |
| US18/005,790 US12523707B2 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2021-08-05 | Battery management system, battery management method, battery pack, and electric vehicle |
| JP2023197560A JP7648312B2 (ja) | 2020-08-13 | 2023-11-21 | バッテリー管理システム、バッテリー管理方法、バッテリーパック及び電気車両 |
| JP2025033363A JP7809853B2 (ja) | 2020-08-13 | 2025-03-04 | バッテリー管理システム、バッテリー管理方法、バッテリーパック及び電気車両 |
| US19/379,228 US20260056257A1 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2025-11-04 | Battery Management System, Battery Management Method, Battery Pack, and Electric Vehicle |
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| US19/379,228 Continuation US20260056257A1 (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2025-11-04 | Battery Management System, Battery Management Method, Battery Pack, and Electric Vehicle |
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| KR102867900B1 (ko) * | 2020-08-20 | 2025-10-01 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 관리 시스템, 배터리 관리 방법, 배터리 팩 및 전기 차량 |
| JP7622079B6 (ja) * | 2021-12-29 | 2025-03-07 | 香港時代新能源科技有限公司 | 電池充電残り時間の確定方法及びシステム |
| EP4394998A4 (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2025-06-25 | LG Energy Solution, Ltd. | BATTERY CONTROL DEVICE AND BATTERY CONTROL METHOD |
| JP7790683B2 (ja) * | 2022-09-15 | 2025-12-23 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | バッテリー管理システム、バッテリーパック、電気車両及びバッテリー充電時間の予測方法 |
| KR20240070995A (ko) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-22 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 충전 제어 장치 및 방법, 그리고 이를 포함하는 배터리 시스템 |
| KR20240174631A (ko) | 2023-06-09 | 2024-12-17 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 충전 제어 장치 및 방법 |
| KR20250000136A (ko) | 2023-06-26 | 2025-01-03 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 충전 제어 장치 및 방법 |
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- 2021-08-05 CN CN202180042044.9A patent/CN115997317A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-05 WO PCT/KR2021/010343 patent/WO2022035131A1/ko not_active Ceased
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| US12523707B2 (en) | 2026-01-13 |
| KR20220021277A (ko) | 2022-02-22 |
| JP7648312B2 (ja) | 2025-03-18 |
| KR20250164136A (ko) | 2025-11-24 |
| KR102892912B1 (ko) | 2025-11-27 |
| JP2025093982A (ja) | 2025-06-24 |
| KR20250027697A (ko) | 2025-02-27 |
| JP7809853B2 (ja) | 2026-02-02 |
| US20260056257A1 (en) | 2026-02-26 |
| EP4725752A2 (en) | 2026-04-15 |
| EP4167344A1 (en) | 2023-04-19 |
| JP2023526379A (ja) | 2023-06-21 |
| EP4167344A4 (en) | 2024-11-27 |
| KR102772378B1 (ko) | 2025-02-21 |
| JP2024020493A (ja) | 2024-02-14 |
| JP7393089B2 (ja) | 2023-12-06 |
| CN115997317A (zh) | 2023-04-21 |
| US20230280408A1 (en) | 2023-09-07 |
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