WO2022036836A1 - 一种阵列电芯及其装配方法 - Google Patents

一种阵列电芯及其装配方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022036836A1
WO2022036836A1 PCT/CN2020/122736 CN2020122736W WO2022036836A1 WO 2022036836 A1 WO2022036836 A1 WO 2022036836A1 CN 2020122736 W CN2020122736 W CN 2020122736W WO 2022036836 A1 WO2022036836 A1 WO 2022036836A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole
plate
frame
liquid injection
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/122736
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓江南
刘晨南
姜斌
袁威
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Zenio New Energy Battery Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP20950040.4A priority Critical patent/EP4167359A4/en
Publication of WO2022036836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036836A1/zh
Priority to US18/151,216 priority patent/US12542338B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/534—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the material of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H01M50/645—Plugs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to batteries or cells, and in particular to the packaging technology of batteries or cells.
  • patent documents CN 102104167A and CN 110518174A both disclose internal series batteries. Through such internal series connected batteries, the single cell voltage is increased and external connections are reduced, thereby increasing the overall energy density of the battery pack.
  • This internal series battery is essentially a series of multiple batteries. This kind of battery cannot monitor a single cell, and the monitoring is based on the battery connected in series.
  • the battery assembly is complicated, and it is easy to fail after assembly. For example, due to internal components or assembly reasons, it is easy to cause the electrolyte to circulate between the cells.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention through the design of the battery cells, the accessories required for the battery cells to form the battery pack are reduced, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack and simplifying the configuration of the battery pack.
  • an array cell of the present invention includes a mouth-shaped frame, a pole core group, a pole cover, and a tab-shaped frame;
  • the core cavity is open at both ends;
  • the pole core group is in the shape of a long strip and is arranged in the core cavity of the mouth-shaped frame, and the two ends are respectively provided with pole lugs;
  • the pole lugs at both ends of the pole core group are respectively positive pole lugs and negative pole lugs, and are respectively located at the openings at both ends of the mouth-shaped frame;
  • the end where the positive electrode tab is set is the positive end, and the end where the negative electrode tab is set is the negative end;
  • the pole core group is separated from the end opening of the mouth-shaped frame with a certain distance to form
  • the pole ear cage is arranged in the cage accommodating cavity, and includes a top shelf plate, a side shelf plate, a bottom shelf plate and a back shelf plate; the top shelf plate, the bottom shelf plate and the two side shelf plates
  • the cover body plate and the socket-shaped frame are made of the same metal; the cover body plate is sealed at the end opening of the socket-shaped frame through a welding process; the pole and the connecting strip pass through The insulating part is arranged on the cover plate; the connecting strip and the tab are welded and connected by a welding process.
  • a liquid injection hole is provided on the negative end of the top plate of the frame frame; a liquid injection avoidance hole is provided on the top frame plate; a liquid permeable hole is provided on the back frame plate; The liquid avoidance holes are arranged coaxially.
  • the liquid injection hole is sealed by the sealing mechanism.
  • the sealing mechanism includes a sink hole punched out into the housing cavity of the cage with the injection hole as the center and a steel ball arranged in the injection hole; the sink hole makes the injection hole move to the point where the injection hole is placed Avoid the inside of the hole; the steel ball and the injection hole have an interference fit.
  • the sink hole is also filled with cured structural adhesive.
  • a single cell collection board is provided on the electrode cover of the negative end;
  • the heat-conducting pole sticking plate; the back plate is close to the cover plate;
  • the voltage detecting terminal, the temperature detecting terminal, the temperature sensor, the voltage pole sticking plate and the heat-conducting pole sticking plate are arranged on the back plate;
  • the voltage pole sticking plate and the heat-conducting pole The post attaching plate is connected to the pole;
  • the voltage pole attaching plate is electrically connected to the voltage detection terminal;
  • the thermally conductive pole attaching plate is connected to the temperature sensor through the heat conduction plate;
  • the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the temperature detection terminal.
  • two voltage terminal support columns and two temperature terminal support columns are arranged on the backplane; the voltage terminal support columns and the temperature terminal support columns are vertically arranged; and the voltage detection terminals are arranged on the two voltage terminal support columns.
  • the top end of the terminal support column; the bottom end of the voltage terminal support column is matched with the insulating member and is placed on the insulating member; a voltage wire slot is arranged between the two voltage terminal support columns; the voltage pole sticking plate and the voltage detection terminal pass through
  • the voltage line plates arranged in the voltage line groove are connected; the temperature detection terminals are arranged at the top of the two temperature terminal support columns; the bottom ends of the temperature terminal support columns are matched with the insulating parts and are placed on the insulating parts; the two temperature terminals support The columns are separated by a certain distance, and a sensor slot is arranged between the two temperature terminal support columns; the temperature sensor is arranged in the sensor slot; the sensor slot is divided into a temperature wire slot and a heat conduction slot in the two temperature terminal support columns; the temperature sensor passes through The temperature line plate in the temperature line groove is connected to the temperature detection terminal, and is connected to the heat-conducting pole sticking plate through the heat-conducting plate in the heat-conducting groove.
  • an explosion-proof valve is provided on the positive end of the top plate of the frame frame.
  • the pole is provided with a pole buffer groove.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the first step Weld the soft aluminum plate on the pole lug of the negative end of the pole core group, punch the sink hole into the cage receiving cavity with the liquid injection hole as the center, and connect the connecting strip on the pole cover of the positive pole to the positive pole of the pole core group. After the extreme tabs are welded, insert the pole core group into the mouth-shaped frame;
  • Step 2 Put the tab protector into the protector accommodating cavity, make the bottom of the sink hole snap into the liquid injection avoidance hole, and make the soft aluminum plate pass through the tab hole on the tab protector, and the back frame plate is close to the pole the end of the negative end of the core group;
  • Step 3 Weld the connecting strip on the negative pole cover to the soft aluminum plate
  • Step 4 Press the polar cover of the negative end to the mouth-shaped frame, so that the soft aluminum plate is bent and pressed into the electrode ear accommodating cavity, and at the same time, the edges of the cover plates of the polar caps at both ends are close to the two ends of the mouth-shaped frame respectively. the edge of the port;
  • Step 5 Weld the cover plates at both ends with the mouth-shaped frame
  • Step 6 Inject electrolyte into the cell through the liquid injection hole
  • Step 7 After the injection is completed, seal the injection hole.
  • the steel ball with interference fit is firstly driven into the liquid injection hole so that the steel ball is stuck in the liquid injection hole, and then the structural adhesive is injected into the sinkhole.
  • the method also includes:
  • Step 8 Install a single-cell collection board on the polar cover of the negative end
  • the single-cell acquisition board includes a backplane, a voltage detection terminal, a temperature detection terminal, a temperature sensor, a voltage pole lamination plate and a heat conduction pole lamination plate; the backplate is close to the cover plate; voltage detection terminal, temperature detection terminal, temperature sensor , The voltage pole sticking plate and the heat-conducting pole sticking board are arranged on the back plate; the voltage pole sticking board and the heat-conducting pole sticking board are connected to the pole; the voltage pole sticking board is electrically connected with the voltage detection terminal; the thermally conducting pole sticking plate The temperature sensor is connected through the heat conduction plate; the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the temperature detection terminal.
  • the batteries of the present invention can be connected in series directly through the side seam welding of the butt surface joints after the butt joints of the poles are butted.
  • the negative poles are welded and connected in series without the need for bus bars, which greatly reduces the accessories required for battery pack assembly and reduces the space for accessories, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery pack and simplifying the battery pack assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of an embodiment of an array cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an embodiment of an array cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded enlarged view of the structure of the negative terminal of an embodiment of an array cell of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the combination of the pole cover and the pole ear holder of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back side of the pole cover of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded sectional view of the pole cap structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-cell collection board of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the zigzag structure pole lug of the negative pole of the pole core group of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the sealing structure of the liquid injection hole of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the liquid injection hole of the array cell of the present invention.
  • 1 is the mouth-shaped frame
  • 2 is the pole core group
  • 3 is the pole cover
  • 4 is the pole ear guard
  • 5 is the single-cell collection board
  • 101 is the positive extreme
  • 102 is the negative extreme
  • 11 is the top plate, 12 is the liquid injection hole, 13 is the explosion-proof valve, 14 is the side plate, 15 is the bottom plate, 18 is the core cavity, and 19 is the cage accommodating cavity;
  • 121 is the sinking pit, 122 is the bottom of the pit, 123 is the steel ball, 124 is the cured glue layer, and 129 is the sealing mechanism;
  • 21 is the tab
  • 22 is the soft aluminum plate
  • 22S is the bent soft aluminum plate
  • 21L is the straightened soft aluminum plate
  • 29 is the electrolyte in the core cavity
  • 31 is a pole
  • 311 is a pole buffer groove
  • 312 is a pole edge convex
  • 319 is a pole connecting part
  • 32 is a connecting strip
  • 33 is an insulating member
  • 331 is a pole insulating sleeve
  • 332 is a connecting strip insulation plate
  • 333 is the pole hole
  • 39 is the cover plate
  • 391 is the welding edge of the side seam welding of the cover plate
  • 392 is the insulating sleeve hole;
  • 41 is the top frame plate, 411 is the liquid injection avoidance hole, 42 is the side frame plate, 43 is the bottom frame plate, 44 is the back frame plate, 441 is the pole ear hole, and 442 is the liquid permeable hole;
  • 51 is a backplane
  • 52 is a voltage detection terminal
  • 53 is a temperature detection terminal
  • 54 is a temperature sensor
  • 55 is a voltage pole lamination plate
  • 56 is a heat conduction pole lamination plate
  • 521 is the voltage terminal support column
  • 522 is the voltage wire slot
  • 523 is the voltage wire plate
  • 524 is the bottom end fitting part of the voltage terminal support column
  • 531 is the temperature terminal support column
  • 532 is the temperature wire groove
  • 533 is the temperature wire plate
  • 534 535 is the sensor slot
  • 541 is the heat conduction slot
  • 542 is the heat conduction plate
  • 551 is the voltage bonding connection board
  • 552 is the voltage line board welding part
  • 561 is the heat conduction bonding connection board
  • 562 It is the welding part of the heat conduction plate
  • L, H, and D are the length, height and width of the cell, respectively.
  • an array cell includes a frame frame 1 , a pole core group 2 , a pole cover 3 and a pole lug guard 4 .
  • the array cell is also commonly referred to as a battery.
  • the length L of the array cell is usually not less than 300mm to 2500mm, preferably 350mm to 1300mm; the cell height H is usually 50mm to 250mm, preferably 70mm to 150mm; the cell width D is usually 10mm to 150mm, preferably 12mm to 100mm.
  • the mouth-shaped frame 1 is an elongated mouth-shaped plate frame surrounded by a four-panel body.
  • the frame 1 is made of metal, preferably aluminum.
  • the inside of the box-shaped frame 1 is a core cavity 18, and both ends of the core cavity 18 are open.
  • the four-panel body is respectively a top panel 11 , two side panels 14 and a bottom panel 15 , wherein the top panel 11 and the bottom panel 15 are horizontal, and the side panels 14 are vertical.
  • the top plate 11 is provided with a liquid injection hole 12 and an explosion-proof valve 13 .
  • the pole core group 2 is in the shape of a long strip and is arranged in the mouth-shaped frame 1 , that is, the pole core group 2 is accommodated in the core cavity 18 . Both ends of the pole core group 2 are respectively provided with pole ears 21 .
  • the tabs 21 at both ends of the pole core group 2 are respectively positive tabs and negative tabs, and are located at the openings at both ends of the frame 1 respectively.
  • the end where the positive tab is set is the positive terminal 101
  • the end where the negative tab is set is the negative terminal 102 . That is, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell of the present invention are located at both ends of the elongated battery cell, respectively.
  • the tab 21 is a plate body made of multiple layers of copper foil or aluminum foil.
  • the tab 21 of the positive electrode 101 is usually a board made of multi-layer aluminum foil
  • the tab 21 of the negative electrode 102 is a board made of multi-layer copper foil.
  • the tab 21 of the negative electrode 102 is connected with a soft aluminum plate 22
  • the tab 21 is connected to the soft aluminum plate 22 by welding.
  • the soft aluminum plate 22 is a thin plate made of aluminum, which is soft and easy to bend.
  • the pole cover 3 includes a pole post 31 , a connecting strip 32 , an insulating member 33 and a cover plate 39 .
  • the pole 31 is in the shape of a square column, and the connecting strip 32 is an elongated plate body.
  • the pole 31 and the connecting strip 32 are preferably made of aluminum.
  • the insulating member 33 is made of insulating material, preferably polysulfone plastic or modified polypropylene material.
  • the cover plate 39 is made of the same material as the frame 1, preferably aluminum.
  • the pole 31 is connected to the connecting strip 32 and is disposed on the cover plate 39 through the insulating member 33 .
  • the insulating member 33 includes a connected pole insulating sleeve 331 and a connecting strip insulating plate 332, a pole hole 333 penetrating the pole insulating sleeve 331 and the connecting strip insulating plate 332 is arranged in the middle, and the cover plate 39 is provided with There are insulating sleeve holes 392 .
  • the pole connecting portion 319 on the pole 31 is sleeved in the pole hole 333 and the pole insulating sleeve 331 is sleeved in the insulating sleeve hole 392, so that the pole 31 is arranged on the outer side of the cover plate 39, and the connecting strip 32 is arranged on the inner side of the cover plate 39 .
  • the pole 31 and the cover plate 39 are insulated and isolated by the pole insulating sleeve 331 , and the connecting strip 32 and the cover plate 39 are insulated and isolated by the connecting strip insulating plate 332 .
  • the connecting strips 32 are connected to the tabs 21 .
  • the connecting strip 32 is directly welded to the tab 21 ;
  • the connecting strip 32 is connected to the tab 21 through the soft aluminum plate 22 , that is, the connecting strip 32 is connected to the soft aluminum plate 22 .
  • the connecting strip 32 is connected to the soft aluminum plate 22 by welding.
  • the welding process between the connecting strip 32 and the tab 21, between the tab 21 and the soft aluminum plate 22, and between the connecting strip 32 and the soft aluminum plate 2 generally adopts ultrasonic welding, electromagnetic pulse welding or friction stir welding, preferably using stirring. Friction welding.
  • the pole core group 2 has a certain distance from the end opening of the frame 1 so as to form a cage accommodating cavity 19 .
  • the tab holder 4 is arranged in the holder accommodating cavity 19 .
  • the tab holder 4 is made of insulating material, preferably polysulfone plastic or modified polypropylene material.
  • the tab guard 4 includes a top frame plate 41 , a side frame plate 42 , a bottom frame plate 43 and a back frame plate 44 .
  • the top frame plate 41 , the bottom frame plate 43 and the two side frame plates 42 enclose a mouth-shaped plate frame with openings on both sides, and one side of the mouth-shaped plate frame is connected to the back frame plate 44 to form a tab accommodating cavity 49 .
  • the top frame plate 41 , the bottom frame plate 43 and the two side frame plates 42 are respectively attached to the inner side of the four-panel body of the frame 1 , and the back frame plate 44 is closely attached to the end face of the negative end 102 of the pole core group 2 .
  • the top frame plate 41 is in close contact with the inner side of the top plate 11
  • the bottom frame plate 43 is in close contact with the inner side of the bottom plate 15
  • the two side frame plates 42 are in close contact with the inner side of the side plate 14 respectively.
  • the back frame plate 44 is provided with a pole ear hole 441 , and the pole ear 21 of the negative end of the pole core group 2 passes through the pole ear hole 441 and enters the pole ear accommodating cavity 49 , and is connected to the connection on the pole cover 3 in the pole ear accommodating cavity 49 .
  • the strip 32 that is, at the negative end 102 , the soft aluminum plate 22 connected between the strip 32 and the tab 21 is bent and accommodated in the tab accommodating cavity 49 .
  • the cover plate 39 is sealed at the end opening of the frame 1 by welding. Specifically, the length of the cover plate 39 matches the height of the frame 1, and the width of the cover plate 39 matches the width of the frame 1. Referring to FIG. 4, the inner edge of the cover plate 39 is the welding edge 391.
  • the core cavity 18 is sealed by welding the four welding edges 391 on the inner side of the cover plate 39 to the frame frame 1 .
  • the pole lugs 21 of the negative pole 102 are of a zigzag plate structure, referring to 21S in FIG. 8 , when the negative pole is assembled, first straighten the pole lugs 21 of the zigzag plate structure of the negative pole 102 , referring to FIG. 8 .
  • the liquid injection hole 12 on the top plate 11 of the frame frame 1 is located at the negative end 102
  • the explosion-proof valve 13 is located at the positive end 101 .
  • the top frame plate 41 of the tab holder 4 is also provided with a liquid injection avoidance hole 411 .
  • a liquid permeable hole 442 is also provided on the back frame plate 44 of the tab holder 4 .
  • the liquid permeable holes 442 on the back frame plate 44 are divided into two groups, one group is located above the tab holes 441 , and the other group is located below the tab holes 441 .
  • the liquid injection hole 12 and the liquid injection avoidance hole 411 are arranged coaxially.
  • the electrolyte can be injected into the core cavity 18 through the injection hole 12 .
  • the electrolyte injected through the liquid injection hole 12 first flows into the tab accommodating cavity 49 through the liquid injection avoidance hole 411 , and then fills the entire core cavity 18 through the liquid permeable hole 442 on the back frame plate 44 .
  • the entire cell is usually erected and tilted. Referring to FIG. 10 , at this time, the positive terminal 101 is located below, the negative terminal 102 is located above, and the injection hole 12 is located at the top .
  • the space margin in the core cavity 18 is only at the triangle above the top liquid injection hole 12 .
  • the core cavity 18 is usually evacuated through the liquid injection hole 12 before the liquid injection, and then the liquid injection is performed.
  • the sealing mechanism 129 includes a sink hole 121 punched out to the cage accommodating cavity 19 with the liquid injection hole 12 as the center, and a steel ball 123 welded in the liquid injection hole 12 .
  • the sink hole 121 moves the liquid injection hole 12 into the liquid injection avoidance hole 411 .
  • the sinkhole 121 is usually punched out before liquid injection, especially after the tab holder 4 is loaded into the holder accommodating cavity 19, the sinkhole 121 is punched out, and the bottom 122 of the sinkhole 121 is sunk into the tab holder 4.
  • the steel ball 123 is in an interference fit with the liquid injection hole 12 , that is, the diameter of the steel ball 123 is slightly larger than the diameter of the liquid injection hole 12 .
  • the steel ball 123 When the steel ball 123 is installed, first drive the steel ball 123 into the liquid injection hole 12 so that the steel ball 123 is stuck in the liquid injection hole 12 , then weld the steel ball 123 and the edge of the liquid injection hole 12 , and then inject structural adhesive into the sink hole 121 After the structural adhesive is cured, the sink hole 121 is filled with the cured structural adhesive to form a cured adhesive layer 124 .
  • the top of the cured adhesive layer 124 is flush with the top surface of the top plate 11 . That is, in this embodiment, the liquid injection hole 12 adopts double sealing.
  • the first seal is welded steel balls, and the second seal is the cured adhesive layer 124 filled in the sinkhole 121 .
  • the negative terminal 102 is further provided with a single-cell collecting board 5 .
  • the single-cell collecting board 5 is arranged on the pole cover 3 of the negative pole 102 .
  • the single-cell collection board 5 includes a backplane 51 , a voltage detection terminal 52 , a temperature detection terminal 53 , a temperature sensor 54 , a voltage pole sticking plate 55 and a thermal pole sticking board 56 .
  • the voltage detection terminal 52 and the temperature detection terminal 53 are electrical connection interfaces.
  • the temperature sensor 54 is preferably an NTC temperature sensor.
  • the back plate 51 is close to the cover plate 39 and is vertically arranged.
  • the voltage detection terminal 52 , the temperature detection terminal 53 , the temperature sensor 54 , the voltage pole sticking plate 55 and the heat conduction pole sticking plate 56 are arranged on the back plate 51 .
  • the voltage detection terminal 52 and the temperature detection terminal 53 are located at the top of the backplane 51 and are located at the same height; the voltage pole sticking plate 55 and the heat-conducting pole sticking board 56 are located at the bottom of the backplane 51 and are located at the same height height.
  • the voltage pole attachment plate 55 is electrically connected to the voltage detection terminal 52 .
  • the heat-conducting pole bonding plate 56 is connected to the temperature sensor 54 through the heat-conducting plate 542 .
  • the temperature sensor 54 is electrically connected to the temperature detection terminal 53 .
  • the voltage pole attaching plate 55 and the heat conduction pole attaching plate 56 are used to connect the poles 31 .
  • two voltage terminal support columns 521 and two temperature terminal support columns 531 are disposed on the backplane 51 .
  • the voltage terminal support column 521 and the temperature terminal support column 531 are vertically arranged.
  • the voltage detection terminals 52 are disposed on the top ends of the two voltage terminal support columns 521 .
  • the temperature detection terminals 53 are arranged at the top ends of the two temperature terminal support columns 531 .
  • the bottom ends of the voltage terminal support column 521 and the temperature terminal support column 531 are matched with the insulating member 33 and pressed against the insulating member 33 .
  • the bottom end of the voltage terminal support column 521 is provided with a bottom end fitting portion 524 of the voltage terminal support column;
  • the low end of the temperature terminal support column 531 is provided with a bottom end fitting portion 534 of the temperature terminal support column;
  • the end fitting portion 524 and the bottom end fitting portion 534 of the temperature terminal support column, the bottom ends of the voltage terminal support column 521 and the temperature terminal support column 531 are connected to the fitting of the insulating member 33 and the pole column insulating sleeve 331, and are bonded by structural glue.
  • the two voltage terminal support columns 521 are spaced apart by a certain distance, so that a voltage wire slot 522 is formed between the two voltage terminal support columns 521 .
  • a voltage line plate 523 is provided in the voltage line slot 522 .
  • the voltage pole attachment plate 55 is electrically connected to the voltage detection terminal 52 through the voltage line plate 523 .
  • the voltage pole attaching plate 55 is connected to the pole 31 .
  • the voltage pole sticking plate 55 is a plate body arranged horizontally, and is usually made of nickel, so it is also commonly called a nickel sheet.
  • the voltage pole sticking plate 55 is welded on the cylindrical surface of the pole 31 .
  • the voltage pole attaching plate 55 is connected with a vertical voltage attaching connection plate 551 .
  • the voltage bonding connection board 551 is connected to the voltage line board 523 by welding through the voltage line board welding part 552 .
  • the two temperature terminal support columns 531 are separated by a certain distance, and a sensor slot 535 is provided between the two temperature terminal support columns 531 .
  • the temperature sensor 54 is provided in the sensor groove 535 .
  • the sensor slot 535 divides the space between the two temperature terminal support columns 531 into a temperature wire slot 532 and a heat conduction slot 541 .
  • the temperature wire slot 532 is located between the sensor slot 535 and the temperature detection terminal 53
  • the heat conduction slot 541 is located below the sensor slot 535 .
  • a temperature wire plate 533 is provided in the temperature wire groove 532 .
  • the temperature sensor 54 is electrically connected to the temperature detection terminal 53 through the temperature wire plate 533 .
  • a heat-conducting plate 542 is disposed in the heat-conducting groove 541 .
  • the heat-conducting pole bonding plate 56 is connected to the temperature sensor 54 through the heat-conducting plate 542 .
  • the heat-conducting pole sticking plate 56 is connected to the pole 31 .
  • the heat-conducting pole sticking plate 56 is a horizontally arranged plate body, and is usually made of nickel, so it is also commonly referred to as a nickel sheet.
  • the heat-conducting pole sticking plate 56 is welded on the cylindrical surface of the pole 31 .
  • the heat-conducting pole sticking plate 56 is connected with a vertically arranged heat-conducting sticking connecting plate 561 .
  • the thermally conductive bonding connecting plate 561 is connected to the thermally conductive plate 542 by welding through the thermally conductive plate welding portion 562 .
  • the pole 31 is further provided with a pole buffer groove 311 .
  • the pole buffer groove 311 is arranged vertically, and two protruding and vertical pole edge protrusions 312 are formed on the pole 31 .
  • the voltage pole sticking plate 55 and the heat-conducting pole sticking plate 56 are welded to the top ends of the two pole edge protrusions 312 respectively.
  • the pole buffer groove 311 is used for a buffer position when the pole 31 is connected to the bus bar.
  • the first step Weld the soft aluminum plate 22 on the pole lug 21 of the negative end of the pole core group 2, punch the sink hole 121 to the cage accommodating cavity 19 with the liquid injection hole 12 as the center, and connect the connection on the pole cover 3 of the positive end
  • the pole core group 2 is inserted into the frame 1 .
  • "simultaneously” here means that the welding of the negative terminal soft aluminum plate 22 and the drilling of the sinkhole 121 can be performed before the positive terminal is connected to the strip plate 32 and the tab welding, or the pole core group 2 can be inserted into the mouth.
  • the welding of the negative terminal soft aluminum plate 22 is not related to the punching of the sinkhole 121, that is, the sinkhole 121 can be punched first, the welding of the soft aluminum plate 22 can be performed first, or both can be performed simultaneously.
  • the soft aluminum plate 22 is usually pre-bent before welding with the tab 21 and then straightened, so that the straightened soft aluminum plate 22 has creases. Bends can be bent along the crease when bending. During pre-bending, the soft aluminum plate 22 is usually bent into a zigzag structure.
  • the injection hole 12 can be opened first, and then the sink hole 121 can be punched with the injection hole 12 as the center, or the hole 12 can be punched out first.
  • a liquid injection hole 12 is opened in the center of the bottom 122 of the sink pit 121 .
  • the size of the sink hole 121 and the liquid injection hole 12 are set according to actual requirements.
  • Step 2 Put the tab holder 4 into the holder accommodating cavity 19 , so that the bottom of the sink 121 is inserted into the liquid injection avoidance hole 411 , and the soft aluminum plate 22 passes through the tab hole 441 on the tab holder 4 , the back frame plate 44 is in close contact with the end of the negative pole of the pole core group 2 .
  • the bottom of the sink pit 121 is inserted into the liquid injection avoidance hole 411 , that is, the pit bottom 122 is located in the liquid injection avoidance hole 411 , and the liquid injection hole 12 is moved into the liquid injection avoidance hole 411 . It should be pointed out that the tab holder 4 is protected in the accommodating cavity 19 in the manner of interference fit.
  • the third step Weld the connecting strip 32 on the pole cover 3 of the negative end to the soft aluminum plate 22 .
  • the fourth step press the pole cover 3 of the negative end to the mouth frame 1, so that the soft aluminum plate 22 is bent and pressed into the pole ear accommodating cavity 49, and the edges of the cover plate 39 of the pole cover 3 at both ends are tightened respectively. Paste the edges of the ports at both ends of the frame 1.
  • the soft aluminum plate 22 is pre-bent to form a crease in the first step, the soft aluminum plate 22 is bent and bent along the crease when the pole cover 3 at the negative end is pressed against the frame 1 .
  • Step 5 Weld the cover plates 39 at both ends with the mouth-shaped frame 1 . When welding, use side seam welding.
  • Step 6 inject electrolyte into the cell through the liquid injection hole 12 .
  • the entire cell is usually erected and tilted.
  • the positive terminal 101 is located below
  • the negative terminal 102 is located above
  • the injection hole 12 is located at the top .
  • vacuum is drawn through the injection hole 12 .
  • Step 7 The liquid injection is completed, and the liquid injection hole 12 is sealed.
  • the steel ball 123 with interference fit is firstly driven into the liquid injection hole 12, so that the steel ball 123 is stuck in the liquid injection hole 12, and then the structural glue is injected into the sink hole 121, and scraped off with a scraper
  • the sinkhole 121 is filled with the cured structural adhesive, so that the cured structural adhesive is flush with the top plate 11 , thereby forming a cured adhesive layer 124 in the sinkhole 121 .
  • Step 8 Install the single-cell collection board 5 on the pole cover 3 of the negative end.
  • the bottom end of the 531 is bonded to the pole insulating sleeve 331 , so that the voltage pole sticking plate 55 and the heat conducting pole sticking board 56 are respectively close to the top surface of the pole pole edge protrusion 312 .
  • the voltage electrode post attachment plate 55, the heat conduction electrode post attachment plate 56 and the electrode post 31 are welded by a laser welding process.

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Abstract

一种阵列电芯及其装配方法。该阵列电芯为长条形结构，正负极分别位于两端。负极端设置有注液孔（12）、极耳护架（4）和采集板（5），负极端极柱（31）通过软铝板（22）连接极芯组（2）极耳，软铝板（22）折弯后被收容于极耳护架（4）所构筑的极耳容纳腔（49）内。注液孔（12）以沉坑的方式沉入至极耳护架（4）顶架板上的注液避让孔并卡住极耳护架（4）。注液时，电解液经极耳容纳腔（49）流入整个芯腔。注液完成后，注液孔（12）通过密封机构密封。密封机构包括焊接在注液孔（12）内的钢珠和填充在沉坑内的结构胶。上述电芯相互之间可以直接通过极柱（31）对接后的对接面结合处侧缝焊实现电芯串联，而无需母排，从而大大减少电池包装配所需配件，并减少配件空间，从而提高电池包能量密度，并简化电池包装配。

Description

一种阵列电芯及其装配方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电池或电芯，特别涉及电池或电芯的封装技术。
背景技术
现有技术下，用以组成电池包的方形电芯其正负极通常位于其顶面。电池包装配时，电芯与电芯连接需要相应的配件进行连接。这些连接的配件占用大量的空间导致整个电池包能量密度下降。为此，专利文献CN 102104167A和CN 110518174A都公开了内部串联式的电池。通过这种内部串联的电池提高单体电池电压减少外部连接件，从而提高电池包整体能量密度。这种内部串联式的电池本质上是多个电池串联。这种电池，无法对单个电芯监测，监测以串联后的电池为单位。另一方面，这种电池由于内部串联，电池装配复杂，装配后容易失效，比如因内部器件或装配原因，容易导致电芯之间电解液相互流通等。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的问题：通过电芯设计，减少电芯组成电池包所需配件，从而提高电池包能量密度，并简化电池包装配。
为解决上述问题，本发明采用的方案如下：
进一步，根据本发明的一种阵列电芯，包括囗形框、极芯组、极盖和极耳护架；囗形框是由四面板体围成的长条形囗形板框，并形成两端开口的芯腔；极芯组呈长条形，设置在囗形框的芯腔内，两端各自设有极耳；极芯组两端的极耳分别为正极极耳和负极极耳，并分别位于囗形框两端开口处；设置正极极耳的一端是正极端，设置负极极耳的一端是负极端；在负极端，极芯组距离囗形框的端部开口具有一定距离从而形成护架容纳腔；极耳护架设置在护架容纳腔内，包括顶架板、侧架板、底架板和背架板；顶架板、底架板和两个侧架板围成两侧开口的囗形板框，该囗形板框的一侧开口连接背架板，从而形成极耳容纳腔；顶架板、底架板和两个侧架板分别贴合囗形框四面板体的内侧；背架板上设置有极耳孔；背架板紧贴极芯组的负极端的端部，极芯组的负极端的极耳穿过极耳孔；极盖包括极柱、连接条板和盖体板；极柱设于盖体板的外侧，连接条板设于盖体板的内侧；极柱和连接条板相连；两个极盖的盖体板分别封在囗形框的两端开口处，并且连接条板连接极耳；负极端的极耳通过软铝板与连接条板相连；软铝板折弯后收容 于极耳容纳腔。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，盖体板和囗形框由相同的金属制成；通过焊接工艺，将盖体板封在囗形框的端部开口处；极柱和连接条板通过绝缘件设置在盖体板上；连接条板与极耳采用焊接工艺焊接相连。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，囗形框顶板的负极端上设置有注液孔；顶架板上设置有注液避让孔；背架板上设置有透液孔；注液孔和注液避让孔同轴设置。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，注液孔通过密封机构密封。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，所述密封机构包括以注液孔为中心向护架容纳腔打出的沉坑和设置在注液孔内的钢珠；沉坑使得注液孔移动至注液避让孔内；钢珠和注液孔过盈配合。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，沉坑内还填充有固化的结构胶。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，负极端的极盖上设置有单电芯采集板；单电芯采集板包括背板、电压检测端子、温度检测端子、温度传感器、电压极柱贴合板和导热极柱贴合板；背板紧贴盖体板；电压检测端子、温度检测端子、温度传感器、电压极柱贴合板和导热极柱贴合板设置在背板上；电压极柱贴合板和导热极柱贴合板连接极柱；电压极柱贴合板与电压检测端子电相连；导热极柱贴合板通过导热板连接温度传感器；温度传感器与温度检测端子电相连。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，背板上设置有两根电压端子支撑柱和两根温度端子支撑柱；电压端子支撑柱和温度端子支撑柱竖直设置；电压检测端子设于两根电压端子支撑柱的顶端；电压端子支撑柱的底端与绝缘件相配合，并顶在绝缘件上；两根电压端子支撑柱之间设置有电压线槽；电压极柱贴合板与电压检测端子通过电压线槽内设置的电压线板相连；温度检测端子设于两根温度端子支撑柱的顶端；温度端子支撑柱的底端与绝缘件相配合，并顶在绝缘件上；两根温度端子支撑柱相距有一定距离，并在两根温度端子支撑柱之间设置有传感器槽；温度传感器设置在传感器槽内；传感器槽在两根温度端子支撑柱分割出温度线槽和导热槽；温度传感器通过温度线槽内的温度线板连接温度检测端子，并通过导热槽内的导热板连接导热极柱贴合板。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，囗形框顶板的正极端上设置有防爆阀。
进一步，根据本发明的阵列电芯，极柱设有极柱缓冲槽。
根据本发明的阵列电芯的制备方法，该方法包括如下步骤：
第一步：在极芯组负极端的极耳上焊接软铝板，以注液孔为中心向护架容纳腔打出沉坑，同时将正极端的极盖上的连接条板和极芯组正极端的极耳相焊接后将极芯组插入至囗形框内；
第二步：将极耳护架置入护架容纳腔内，使得沉坑的底部卡入注液避让孔，并使得软铝板穿过极耳护架上的极耳孔，背架板紧贴极芯组的负极端的端部；
第三步：将负极端的极盖上的连接条板与软铝板相焊接；
第四步：将负极端的极盖压向囗形框，使得软铝板弯曲后并压入极耳容纳腔内，同时使得两端的极盖的盖体板的边缘分别紧贴囗形框两端端口的边缘；
第五步：将两端的盖体板与囗形框相焊接；
第六步：通过注液孔向电芯内注入电解液；
第七步：注液完成，将注液孔密封。
进一步，根据本发明的制备方法，注液孔密封时，首先将过盈配合的钢珠打入注液孔中，使得钢珠卡在注液孔中，之后再在沉坑内注入结构胶。
进一步，根据本发明的制备方法，该方法还包括：
第八步：在负极端的极盖上安装单电芯采集板；
单电芯采集板包括背板、电压检测端子、温度检测端子、温度传感器、电压极柱贴合板和导热极柱贴合板；背板紧贴盖体板；电压检测端子、温度检测端子、温度传感器、电压极柱贴合板和导热极柱贴合板设置在背板上；电压极柱贴合板和导热极柱贴合板连接极柱；电压极柱贴合板与电压检测端子电相连；导热极柱贴合板通过导热板连接温度传感器；温度传感器与温度检测端子电相连。
本发明的技术效果如下：本发明的电芯相互之间可以直接通过极柱对接后的对接面结合处侧缝焊实现电芯串联，具体来说一个电芯的正极可以与另一个电芯的负极焊接而串联，而无需母排，从而大大减少电池包装配所需配件，并减少配件空间，从而提高电池包能量密度，并简化电池包装配。
附图说明
图1是本发明阵列电芯实施例结构分解示意图。
图2是本发明阵列电芯实施例立体结构示意图。
图3是本发明阵列电芯实施例负极端结构分解放大图。
图4是本发明极盖和极耳护架结合之背面结构示意图。
图5是本发明极盖背面结构示意图。
图6是本发明极盖结构分解剖视图。
图7是本发明单电芯采集板的结构示意图。
图8是本发明极芯组负极端之字形结构极耳示意图。
图9是本发明注液孔密封结构实施例的示意图。
图10是本发明阵列电芯注液孔注液示意图。
其中，
1是囗形框，2是极芯组，3是极盖，4是极耳护架，5是单电芯采集板；
101是正极端，102是负极端；
11是顶板，12是注液孔，13是防爆阀，14是侧板，15是底板，18是芯腔，19就是护架容纳腔；
121是沉坑，122是坑底，123是钢珠，124是固化胶层，129是密封机构；
21是极耳，22是软铝板，22S是弯曲后的软铝板，21L是拉直的软铝板，29是芯腔内电解液；
31是极柱，311是极柱缓冲槽，312是极柱边凸，319是极柱连接部，32是连接条板，33是绝缘件，331是极柱绝缘套，332是连接条板绝缘板，333是极柱孔，39是盖体板，391是盖体板侧缝焊的焊边，392是绝缘套孔；
41是顶架板，411是注液避让孔，42是侧架板，43是底架板，44是背架板，441是极耳孔，442是透液孔；
51是背板，52是电压检测端子，53是温度检测端子，54是温度传感器，55是电压极柱贴合板，56是导热极柱贴合板；
521是电压端子支撑柱，522是电压线槽，523是电压线板，524是电压端子支撑柱底端契合部，531是温度端子支撑柱，532是温度线槽，533是温度线板，534是温度端子支撑柱底端契合部，535是传感器槽，541是导热槽，542是导热板，551是电压贴合连接板，552是电压线板焊接部，561是导热贴合连接板，562是导热板焊接部；
L、H、D分别为电芯的长度、高度和宽度。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细说明。
如图1、图2、图3所示，一种阵列电芯，包括囗形框1、极芯组2、极盖3和极耳护架4。该阵列电芯也就是通常所说的电池，该阵列电芯长度L通常不少于300mm～2500mm，优先350mm～1300mm；电芯高度H通常50mm～250mm，优选70mm～150mm；电芯宽度D通常10mm～150mm，优选12mm～100mm。囗形框1是由四面板体围成的长条形囗形板框。囗形框1由金属制成，优选采用铝。囗形框1的内部是芯腔18，芯腔18两端开口。四面板体分别是顶板11、两块侧板14和底板15，其中，顶板11和底板15水平，侧板14竖直。其中顶板11上设置有注液孔12和防爆阀13。
极芯组2呈长条形，设置在囗形框1内，也就是，极芯组2收容于芯腔18。极芯组2两端各自设有极耳21。极芯组2两端的极耳21分别为正极极耳和负极极耳，并分别位于囗形框1两端开口处。设置正极极耳的一端是正极端101，设置负极极耳的一端是负极端102。也就是本发明的电芯正负极分别位于长条形电芯的两端。极耳21由多层铜箔或铝箔制成的板体。具体来说，通常正极端101的极耳21是由多层铝箔制成的板体，负极端102的极耳21是由多层铜箔制成的板体。参照图8，负极端102的极耳21连接有软铝板22，极耳21与软铝板22焊接相连。软铝板22是由铝制成的薄板，材质较软，易于折弯弯曲。
极盖3，参照图4、图5和图6，包括极柱31、连接条板32、绝缘件33和盖体板39。极柱31呈方柱形，连接条板32为长条形板体。极柱31和连接条板32优选采用铝制成。绝缘件33由绝缘材料制成，优选采用聚砜塑料或者改性的聚丙烯材质。盖体板39采用与囗形框1相同的材质，优选采用铝。极柱31和连接条板32相连，并通过绝缘件33设置在盖体板39上。具体来说，绝缘件33包括相连的极柱绝缘套331和连接条板绝缘板332，中间设置有贯穿极柱绝缘套331和连接条板绝缘板332的极柱孔333，盖体板39设置有绝缘套孔392。通过极柱31上的极柱连接部319套在极柱孔333内以及极柱绝缘套331套在绝缘套孔392内，使得极柱31设于盖体板39的外侧，连接条板32设于盖体板39的内侧。极柱31与盖体板39之间通过极柱绝缘套331绝缘隔离，连接条板32与盖体板39之间通过连接条板绝缘板332绝缘隔离。
连接条板32连接极耳21。在正极端101，连接条板32直接与极耳21相焊接；在负极端102，连接条板32通过软铝板22连接极耳21，也就是，连接条板32连接软铝板22。连接条板32与软铝板22焊接相连。连接条板32和极耳21之间、极耳21与软 铝板22之间以及连接条板32与软铝板2之间的焊接工艺一般采用超声焊接、电磁脉冲焊接或搅拌摩擦焊接，优选采用搅拌摩擦焊接。
在负极端102，极芯组2距离囗形框1的端部开口具有一定距离从而形成护架容纳腔19。极耳护架4设置在护架容纳腔19内。极耳护架4由绝缘材料制成，优选采用聚砜塑料或者改性的聚丙烯材质。极耳护架4包括顶架板41、侧架板42、底架板43和背架板44。顶架板41、底架板43和两个侧架板42围成两侧开口的囗形板框，该囗形板框的一侧开口连接背架板44，从而形成极耳容纳腔49。顶架板41、底架板43和两个侧架板42分别贴合囗形框1四面板体的内侧，背架板44紧贴极芯组2的负极端102的端部端面。具体来说，顶架板41紧贴顶板11内侧，底架板43紧贴底板15内侧，两个侧架板42分别紧贴侧板14的内侧。背架板44上设置有极耳孔441，极芯组2的负极端的极耳21穿过极耳孔441后进入极耳容纳腔49，并在极耳容纳腔49内连接极盖3上的连接条板32，也就是，在负极端102，连接条板32和极耳21之间所连接的软铝板22折弯弯曲后被收容于极耳容纳腔49内。
盖体板39通过焊接工艺封在囗形框1的端部开口处。具体来说，盖体板39的长度与囗形框1的高度相匹配，盖体板39的宽度和囗形框1的宽度相匹配，参照图4，盖体板39的内侧边缘为焊边391。通过盖体板39内侧四边的焊边391与囗形框1相焊接，将芯腔18密封。为便于装配，负极端102的极耳21为之字形板体结构，参照图8中的21S，负极端装配时，首先将负极端102之字形板体结构的极耳21拉直，参照图8中的21L，然后再进行负极端102极耳21与连接条板32之间的焊接，焊接完成后，再将负极端102的极耳21折弯后压入极耳容纳腔49，使得负极端102的极耳21重新成为之字形板体结构，再将负极端102的盖体板39和囗形框1焊接。
进一步，囗形框1顶板11上的注液孔12位于负极端102，防爆阀13位于正极端101。极耳护架4的顶架板41上还设置有注液避让孔411。极耳护架4的背架板44上还设置有透液孔442。背架板44上的透液孔442分两组，一组位于极耳孔441的上方，另一组位于极耳孔441的下方。注液孔12和注液避让孔411同轴设置。当囗形框1两端由极盖3密封后，可以通过注液孔12往芯腔18内注入电解液。通过注液孔12注入的电解液首先通过注液避让孔411流入，极耳容纳腔49，然后经背架板44上的透液孔442填充整个芯腔18。注液时，为使电解液能够填充整个芯腔18，通常将整个电芯立起来并倾斜，参照图10，此时，正极端101位于下方，负极端102位于上方，注液孔12位 于顶端。由此，芯腔18内电解液29满溢时，芯腔18内的空间余量仅在顶部注液孔12上方的三角处。此外，通常在注液前通过注液孔12将芯腔18抽真空后再行注液。
注液完成后，注液孔12通过密封机构密封。如图9所示，密封机构129包括以注液孔12为中心向护架容纳腔19打出的沉坑121和焊接在注液孔12内的钢珠123。沉坑121使得注液孔12移动至注液避让孔411内。在实际的装配过程中，沉坑121通常在注液前打出，尤其在极耳护架4装入护架容纳腔19后打出沉坑121，沉坑121的坑底122沉入极耳护架4顶架板41的注液避让孔411内，使得坑底122的注液孔12移至注液避让孔411内。沉入注液避让孔411的坑底122同时卡住极耳护架4。钢珠123与注液孔12过盈配合，也就是钢珠123的直径稍微大于注液孔12的直径。钢珠123安装时，首先将钢珠123打入注液孔12，使得钢珠123卡在注液孔12内，然后将钢珠123和注液孔12的边缘焊接，之后再在沉坑121内注入结构胶，待结构胶固化后，沉坑121被固化的结构胶填充形成固化胶层124。固化胶层124顶部与顶板11的顶面齐平。也就是，本实施例中，注液孔12采用双重密封。第一种密封是焊接的钢珠，第二重是填充在沉坑121内的固化胶层124。
进一步，本实施例中，负极端102还设置有单电芯采集板5。单电芯采集板5设置在负极端102的极盖3上。单电芯采集板5，如图3、图7所示，包括背板51、电压检测端子52、温度检测端子53、温度传感器54、电压极柱贴合板55和导热极柱贴合板56。电压检测端子52和温度检测端子53为电气连接接口。温度传感器54优选采用NTC温度传感器。背板51紧贴盖体板39并竖直设置，电压检测端子52、温度检测端子53、温度传感器54、电压极柱贴合板55和导热极柱贴合板56设置在背板51上。其中，电压检测端子52和温度检测端子53位于背板51的顶端，并位于相同的高度上；电压极柱贴合板55和导热极柱贴合板56位于背板51的底端，并位于相同的高度上。电压极柱贴合板55与电压检测端子52电相连。导热极柱贴合板56通过导热板542连接温度传感器54。温度传感器54与温度检测端子53电相连。电压极柱贴合板55和导热极柱贴合板56用于连接极柱31。
具体来说，背板51上设置有两根电压端子支撑柱521和两根温度端子支撑柱531。电压端子支撑柱521和温度端子支撑柱531竖直设置。电压检测端子52设于两根电压端子支撑柱521的顶端。温度检测端子53设于两根温度端子支撑柱531的顶端。电压端子支撑柱521和温度端子支撑柱531的底端与绝缘件33相配合，并顶在绝缘件33上。 具体来说，电压端子支撑柱521的底端设有电压端子支撑柱底端契合部524；温度端子支撑柱531的低端设有温度端子支撑柱底端契合部534；通过电压端子支撑柱底端契合部524和温度端子支撑柱底端契合部534，电压端子支撑柱521和温度端子支撑柱531的底端与绝缘件33极柱绝缘套331的契合相连，并通过结构胶粘合。
两根电压端子支撑柱521相距一定距离，从而在两个电压端子支撑柱521之间形成电压线槽522。电压线槽522内设置有电压线板523。电压极柱贴合板55与电压检测端子52通过电压线板523电相连。电压极柱贴合板55连接极柱31。具体来说，电压极柱贴合板55为水平设置的板体，通常由镍制成，因此通常亦被称镍片。电压极柱贴合板55焊接在极柱31的柱面上。电压极柱贴合板55连接有竖直的电压贴合连接板551。电压贴合连接板551通过电压线板焊接部552与电压线板523焊接相连。
两根温度端子支撑柱531相距有一定距离，并在两根温度端子支撑柱531之间设置有传感器槽535。温度传感器54设置在传感器槽535内。传感器槽535将两根温度端子支撑柱531之间的空间分割出温度线槽532和导热槽541。其中温度线槽532位于传感器槽535和温度检测端子53之间，导热槽541位于传感器槽535的下方。温度线槽532内设置有温度线板533。温度传感器54通过温度线板533和温度检测端子53电相连。导热槽541内设置有导热板542。导热极柱贴合板56通过导热板542连接温度传感器54。导热极柱贴合板56连接极柱31。具体来说，导热极柱贴合板56为水平设置的板体，通常由镍制成，因此通常亦被称镍片。导热极柱贴合板56焊接在极柱31的柱面上。导热极柱贴合板56连接有竖直设置的导热贴合连接板561。导热贴合连接板561通过导热板焊接部562与导热板542焊接相连。
此外，进一步，极柱31还设有极柱缓冲槽311。极柱缓冲槽311竖直方向设置，在极柱31上形成两个凸出的并竖直的极柱边凸312。电压极柱贴合板55和导热极柱贴合板56分别焊接在两个极柱边凸312的顶端。极柱缓冲槽311用于极柱31连接母排时缓冲位。
本实施例上述阵列电芯的制备方法如下：
第一步：在极芯组2负极端的极耳21上焊接软铝板22，以注液孔12为中心向护架容纳腔19打出沉坑121，同时将正极端的极盖3上的连接条板32和极芯组2正极端的极耳21相焊接后将极芯组2插入至囗形框1内。需要指出的是，这里的“同时”表示，负极端软铝板22的焊接和打出沉坑121的作业可以在正极端连接条板32和极耳焊接之 前，也可以在极芯组2插入至囗形框1之前或者也可以在极芯组2插入至囗形框1之后。负极端软铝板22的焊接与打出沉坑121没有先后关系，也就是可以先打出沉坑121，也可以先进行软铝板22的焊接，或者也可以两者同步进行。
此外，为了使得软铝板22便于后续的步骤中折弯弯曲，通常在软铝板22与极耳21焊接前进行预折弯然后再拉直，由此拉直后的软铝板22具有折痕，后续折弯弯曲时可以沿着折痕折弯弯曲。预折弯时，软铝板22通常折弯成之字形结构。
此外，以注液孔12为中心打出沉坑121的作业，可以首先开设注液孔12，然后以注液孔12为中心打出沉坑121，也可以首先以注液孔12所在位置为中心打出沉坑121，之后在沉坑121的坑底122中心开设注液孔12。沉坑121和注液孔12尺寸按实际需求设置。
第二步：将极耳护架4置入护架容纳腔19内，使得沉坑121的底部卡入注液避让孔411，并使得软铝板22穿过极耳护架4上的极耳孔441，背架板44紧贴极芯组2的负极端的端部。沉坑121的底部卡入注液避让孔411，也就是，坑底122位于注液避让孔411内，注液孔12移至注液避让孔411内。需要指出的是，极耳护架4以过盈配合的方式护架容纳腔19内。
第三步：将负极端的极盖3上的连接条板32与软铝板22相焊接。
第四步：将负极端的极盖3压向囗形框1，使得软铝板22弯曲后并压入极耳容纳腔49内，同时使得两端的极盖3的盖体板39的边缘分别紧贴囗形框1两端端口的边缘。本实施例中，由于在第一步时，软铝板22经预折弯形成折痕，因此在负极端的极盖3压向囗形框1时，软铝板22沿着折痕折弯弯曲。
第五步：将两端的盖体板39与囗形框1相焊接。焊接时，采用侧缝焊接。
第六步：通过注液孔12向电芯内注入电解液。注液时，为使电解液能够填充整个芯腔18，通常将整个电芯立起来并倾斜，参照图10，此时，正极端101位于下方，负极端102位于上方，注液孔12位于顶端。注液前，通过注液孔12抽真空。
第七步：注液完成，将注液孔12密封。注液孔12密封时，首先将过盈配合的钢珠123打入注液孔12中，使得钢珠123卡在注液孔12中，之后再在沉坑121内注入结构胶，用刮刀刮去将多余的结构胶，然后待结构胶固化后，沉坑121内被固化的结构胶填充，从而使得固化的结构胶与顶板11齐平，从而在沉坑121内形成固化胶层124。
第八步：在负极端的极盖3上安装单电芯采集板5。安装时，首先在盖体板39和极 柱绝缘套331相应位置涂上结构胶，然后再将背板51粘贴在盖体板39上，两根电压端子支撑柱521和两根温度端子支撑柱531的底端与极柱绝缘套331粘合，并使得电压极柱贴合板55和导热极柱贴合板56分别紧贴极柱边凸312的顶端面。再通过激光焊工艺将电压极柱贴合板55和导热极柱贴合板56和极柱31焊接。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种阵列电芯，其特征在于：包括囗形框(1)、极芯组(2)、极盖(3)和极耳护架(4)；囗形框(1)是由四面板体围成的长条形囗形板框，并形成两端开口的芯腔(18)；极芯组(2)呈长条形，设置在囗形框(1)的芯腔(18)内，两端各自设有极耳(21)；极芯组(2)两端的极耳(21)分别为正极极耳和负极极耳，并分别位于囗形框(1)两端开口处；设置正极极耳的一端是正极端，设置负极极耳的一端是负极端；在负极端，极芯组(2)距离囗形框(1)的端部开口具有一定距离从而形成护架容纳腔(19)；极耳护架(4)设置在护架容纳腔(19)内，包括顶架板(41)、侧架板(42)、底架板(43)和背架板(44)；顶架板(41)、底架板(43)和两个侧架板(42)围成两侧开口的囗形板框，该囗形板框的一侧开口连接背架板(44)，从而形成极耳容纳腔(49)；顶架板(41)、底架板(43)和两个侧架板(42)分别贴合囗形框(1)四面板体的内侧；背架板(44)上设置有极耳孔(441)；背架板(44)紧贴极芯组(2)的负极端的端部，极芯组(2)的负极端的极耳(21)穿过极耳孔(441)；极盖(3)包括极柱(31)、连接条板(32)和盖体板(39)；极柱(31)设于盖体板(39)的外侧，连接条板(32)设于盖体板(39)的内侧；极柱(31)和连接条板(32)相连；两个极盖(3)的盖体板(39)分别封在囗形框(1)的两端开口处，并且连接条板(32)连接极耳(21)；负极端的极耳(21)通过软铝板(22)与连接条板(32)相连；软铝板(22)折弯后收容于极耳容纳腔(49)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：盖体板(39)和囗形框(1)由相同的金属制成；通过焊接工艺，将盖体板(39)封在囗形框(1)的端部开口处；极柱(31)和连接条板(32)通过绝缘件(33)设置在盖体板(39)上；连接条板(32)与极耳(21)采用焊接工艺焊接相连。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：囗形框(1)顶板(11)的负极端上设置有注液孔(12)；顶架板(41)上设置有注液避让孔(411)；背架板(44)上设置有透液孔(442)；注液孔(12)和注液避让孔(411)同轴设置。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：注液孔(12)通过密封机构密封。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：所述密封机构包括以注液孔(12)为中心向护架容纳腔(19)打出的沉坑(121)和设置在注液孔(12)内的钢珠(123)；沉坑(121)使得注液孔(12)移动至注液避让孔(411)内；钢珠(123)和注液孔(12)过盈配合。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：沉坑(121)内还填充有固化的结构胶。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一项所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：负极端的极盖(3)上设 置有单电芯采集板(5)；单电芯采集板(5)包括背板(51)、电压检测端子(52)、温度检测端子(53)、温度传感器(54)、电压极柱贴合板(55)和导热极柱贴合板(56)；背板(51)紧贴盖体板(39)；电压检测端子(52)、温度检测端子(53)、温度传感器(54)、电压极柱贴合板(55)和导热极柱贴合板(56)设置在背板(51)上；电压极柱贴合板(55)和导热极柱贴合板(56)连接极柱(31)；电压极柱贴合板(55)与电压检测端子(52)电相连；导热极柱贴合板(56)通过导热板(542)连接温度传感器(54)；温度传感器(54)与温度检测端子(53)电相连。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：背板(51)上设置有两根电压端子支撑柱(521)和两根温度端子支撑柱(531)；电压端子支撑柱(521)和温度端子支撑柱(531)竖直设置；电压检测端子(52)设于两根电压端子支撑柱(521)的顶端；电压端子支撑柱(521)的底端与绝缘件(33)相配合，并顶在绝缘件(33)上；两根电压端子支撑柱(521)之间设置有电压线槽(522)；电压极柱贴合板(55)与电压检测端子(52)通过电压线槽(522)内设置的电压线板(523)相连；温度检测端子(53)设于两根温度端子支撑柱(531)的顶端；温度端子支撑柱(531)的底端与绝缘件(33)相配合，并顶在绝缘件(33)上；两根温度端子支撑柱(531)相距有一定距离，并在两根温度端子支撑柱(531)之间设置有传感器槽(535)；温度传感器(54)设置在传感器槽(535)内；传感器槽(535)在两根温度端子支撑柱(531)分割出温度线槽(532)和导热槽(541)；温度传感器(54)通过温度线槽(532)内的温度线板(533)连接温度检测端子(53)，并通过导热槽(541)内的导热板(542)连接导热极柱贴合板(56)。
  9. 如权利要求3至6任一项所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：囗形框(1)顶板(11)的正极端上设置有防爆阀(13)。
  10. 如权利要求1至6任一项所述的阵列电芯，其特征在于：极柱(31)设有极柱缓冲槽(311)。
  11. 如权利要求6所述的阵列电芯的制备方法，其特征在于：该方法包括如下步骤：
    第一步：在极芯组(2)负极端的极耳(21)上焊接软铝板(22)，以注液孔(12)为中心向护架容纳腔(19)打出沉坑(121)，同时将正极端的极盖(3)上的连接条板(32)和极芯组(2)正极端的极耳(21)相焊接后将极芯组(2)插入至囗形框(1)内；
    第二步：将极耳护架(4)置入护架容纳腔(19)内，使得沉坑(121)的底部卡入注液避让孔(411)，并使得软铝板(22)穿过极耳护架(4)上的极耳孔(441)，背架板(44)紧贴极芯组(2)的负极端的端部；
    第三步：将负极端的极盖(3)上的连接条板(32)与软铝板(22)相焊接；
    第四步：将负极端的极盖(3)压向囗形框(1)，使得软铝板(22)弯曲后并压入极耳容纳腔(49)内，同时使得两端的极盖(3)的盖体板(39)的边缘分别紧贴囗形框(1)两端端口的边缘；
    第五步：将两端的盖体板(39)与囗形框(1)相焊接；
    第六步：通过注液孔(12)向电芯内注入电解液；
    第七步：注液完成，将注液孔(12)密封。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的制备方法，其特征在于：注液孔(12)密封时，首先将过盈配合的钢珠(123)打入注液孔(12)中，使得钢珠(123)卡在注液孔(12)中，之后再在沉坑(121)内注入结构胶。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的制备方法，其特征在于：该方法还包括：
    第八步：在负极端的极盖(3)上安装单电芯采集板(5)；
    单电芯采集板(5)包括背板(51)、电压检测端子(52)、温度检测端子(53)、温度传感器(54)、电压极柱贴合板(55)和导热极柱贴合板(56)；背板(51)紧贴盖体板(39)；电压检测端子(52)、温度检测端子(53)、温度传感器(54)、电压极柱贴合板(55)和导热极柱贴合板(56)设置在背板(51)上；电压极柱贴合板(55)和导热极柱贴合板(56)连接极柱(31)；电压极柱贴合板(55)与电压检测端子(52)电相连；导热极柱贴合板(56)通过导热板(542)连接温度传感器(54)；温度传感器(54)与温度检测端子(53)电相连。
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