WO2022052640A1 - 方向盘 - Google Patents

方向盘 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022052640A1
WO2022052640A1 PCT/CN2021/107496 CN2021107496W WO2022052640A1 WO 2022052640 A1 WO2022052640 A1 WO 2022052640A1 CN 2021107496 W CN2021107496 W CN 2021107496W WO 2022052640 A1 WO2022052640 A1 WO 2022052640A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steering wheel
shaft
pivot shaft
transmission mechanism
gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/107496
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈文源
王书豪
桑瑞刚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Autoliv Development AB
Original Assignee
Autoliv Development AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Autoliv Development AB filed Critical Autoliv Development AB
Priority to US18/043,838 priority Critical patent/US12103582B2/en
Priority to EP21865696.5A priority patent/EP4212409A4/en
Publication of WO2022052640A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022052640A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B62D1/10—Hubs; Connecting hubs to steering columns, e.g. adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/01—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens
    • B60R25/02—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens operating on the steering mechanism
    • B60R25/022—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens operating on the steering mechanism operating on the steering wheel, e.g. bars locked to the steering wheel rim
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B62D1/06—Rims, e.g. with heating means; Rim covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
    • B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
    • B62D15/021—Determination of steering angle
    • B62D15/0215—Determination of steering angle by measuring on the steering column
    • B62D15/022—Determination of steering angle by measuring on the steering column on or near the connection between the steering wheel and steering column
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/02—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using mechanical means
    • G01D5/04—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using mechanical means using levers; using cams; using gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B62D1/08—Spokes, e.g. resilient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
    • B62D1/181—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable with power actuated adjustment, e.g. with position memory
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • B62D1/18—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable
    • B62D1/183—Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable adjustable between in-use and out-of-use positions, e.g. to improve access

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steering mechanism of a vehicle, in particular, to a steering wheel.
  • the vehicle typically adjusts the desired direction of the motor vehicle through its front wheels.
  • the driver of the vehicle sets the desired direction through the steering wheel. To do this, rotate the rim of the steering wheel so that the front wheels point in the desired direction.
  • the rim of the steering wheel is usually located in front of the vehicle driver's chest so that the vehicle driver can grip the rim of the steering wheel with relative ease.
  • the positioning of the steering wheel results in a limited freedom of movement for the driver so that the driver cannot or only relatively awkwardly rotate sideways within the seat.
  • the driver's entry and exit from the vehicle is also adversely affected by this.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a steering wheel which can be stowed in a simple manner.
  • the present invention provides a steering wheel, comprising a steering wheel rim and a steering wheel bracket, the steering wheel rim is movable relative to the steering wheel bracket, and the steering wheel rim is mounted to be rotatable about a first rotation axis,
  • the steering wheel also includes:
  • a pivot shaft arranged to be fixedly connected to the steering wheel rim for movement with the steering wheel rim, and pivoting of the pivot shaft about a second axis of rotation causes the steering wheel rim to be relative to the steering wheel the carriage rotates about the second axis of rotation, wherein the first axis of rotation is perpendicular to the second axis of rotation;
  • a transmission mechanism is configured to be in driving connection with the pivot shaft and for transmitting power to the pivot shaft to pivot the pivot shaft about the second axis of rotation when driven by a driver.
  • the steering wheel bracket includes an accommodating cavity for accommodating the transmission mechanism, and a part of the pivot shaft extends into the accommodating cavity.
  • the transmission mechanism includes a transmission shaft, a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism spaced apart along an axial direction of the transmission shaft, and the first transmission mechanism is configured to be compatible with
  • the driver is drivingly connected to transfer power from the driver to the drive shaft
  • the second transmission is configured to be drivingly connected to the pivot shaft to transfer power from the drive shaft to the pivot Spindle.
  • the first transmission mechanism includes a worm gear and a worm, the worm gear being configured to be in driving connection with the driver, and the transmission shaft being configured as the worm.
  • the second transmission mechanism is configured as a first gear and a second gear that mesh with each other, the first gear is configured to be fixed to the transmission shaft, and the second gear is configured to be fixed to the pivot shaft.
  • the steering wheel further includes a fixed shaft fixed with the wheel rim of the steering wheel, the steering wheel bracket is provided with a track for guiding the movement of the pivot shaft, and the pivot shaft is in the first
  • the two transmission mechanisms move along the track under the action of the power transmitted by the two transmission mechanisms, so that the pivot shaft pivots around the fixed shaft.
  • the second transmission mechanism is configured as a first link and a second link connected to each other at ends, wherein the first link is configured as one end of which is connected to the transmission shaft fixed, and the second link is configured to have one end fixed to the pivot shaft.
  • the second transmission mechanism is configured as a third gear and a rack that mesh with each other, the third gear is configured to be fixed to the transmission shaft, and the rack is provided on the track.
  • a self-locking device configured to lock the position of the steering wheel rim relative to the steering wheel bracket.
  • the self-locking device includes a retractable pin and a positioning hole provided on the accommodating cavity, and the retractable pin locks the steering wheel rim when the retractable pin is positioned in the positioning hole relative to the position of the steering wheel bracket.
  • an angle detection device is further provided, which is used for detecting the angle that the steering wheel rim has turned relative to the steering wheel bracket.
  • the angle detection device is arranged to determine the angle by which the steering wheel rim is rotated relative to the steering wheel bracket by detecting the angle by which the transmission shaft is rotated.
  • the angle detection device includes a first detection gear and a second detection gear that mesh with each other, and the first detection gear is fixed to the transmission shaft, and the second detection gear is connected to the transmission shaft.
  • the sensor connection of the angle detection device includes a first detection gear and a second detection gear that mesh with each other, and the first detection gear is fixed to the transmission shaft, and the second detection gear is connected to the transmission shaft.
  • FIG. 1(a)-1(c) show a steering wheel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 2(a)-2(c) show a steering wheel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3(a)-3(b) show a steering wheel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • spatially relative terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc. are used to describe the relative positional relationship of elements shown in the figures to another element. Accordingly, spatially relative terms may be applied in directions other than those shown in the figures when used. Obviously, while all of these spatially relative terms refer to the orientation shown in the figures for ease of illustration, those skilled in the art will appreciate that orientations other than those shown in the figures may be used.
  • FIG. 1(a)-1(c) show a steering wheel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a steering wheel according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to Figs. 1(a)-1(c).
  • the steering wheel 10 includes a steering wheel rim 110 and a steering wheel bracket 120 , the steering wheel rim 110 is movable relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 , and the steering wheel rim 110 is installed to be able to move Rotate about a first axis of rotation.
  • the first axis of rotation is substantially perpendicular to the paper in FIG. 1( a ), and the rotation of the steering wheel rim 110 about the first axis of rotation can be understood as being used to set the desired direction of the vehicle.
  • the steering wheel 10 further includes a pivot shaft 130 arranged to be fixedly connected with the steering wheel rim 110 to move together with the steering wheel rim 110 .
  • the pivot shaft 130 is fixedly connected with the spokes of the steering wheel rim 110 , but this is only an example, and the pivot shaft can be set to be connected to the circumference of the steering wheel rim according to the actual situation Parts are fixedly connected.
  • the pivoting of the pivot shaft 130 about the second axis of rotation causes the steering wheel rim 110 to rotate relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 about the second axis of rotation, which is shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1(c) is substantially perpendicular to the paper plane, and the first axis of rotation is perpendicular to the second axis of rotation. It can be understood that when the steering wheel is in the state shown in FIG. 1(c), since the rim of the steering wheel is folded relative to the steering wheel bracket, the space occupied by the steering wheel is smaller than that shown in FIG. 1(a). , the state shown in FIG. 1( c ) can also be referred to as the storage state of the steering wheel. This is beneficial to provide the driver with more space and higher comfort.
  • the steering wheel 10 further includes a transmission mechanism 140 , which is configured to be drivingly connected to the pivot shaft 130 and is used to transmit power to the pivot shaft 130 when driven by the driver 160 to make the pivot shaft 130 .
  • the rotating shaft 130 pivots about the second rotation axis.
  • the drive is configured as an electric motor, but this is only an example, the drive may also be other types of drives.
  • the steering wheel bracket 120 includes an accommodating cavity 1201 for accommodating the transmission mechanism 140 , and a part of the pivot shaft 130 extends into the accommodating cavity 1201 .
  • the transmission mechanism may also be arranged on the outer side of the steering wheel bracket. The transmission mechanism 140 is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1( b ).
  • the transmission mechanism 140 includes a transmission shaft 1401 , a first transmission mechanism 1402 and a second transmission mechanism 1403 arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 1401 , and the first transmission mechanism 1402 is configured For drivingly connecting with the driver 160 to transmit power from the driver 160 to the drive shaft 140 , and the second transmission mechanism 1403 is configured to drively connect with the pivot shaft 130 to transmit power from the drive shaft 140 to the pivot shaft 130 .
  • the two second transmission mechanisms 1403 are respectively disposed at both ends of the transmission shaft 1401 to be drivingly connected with a pivot shaft 130 respectively. It should be noted that this is just an example, for example, in some cases, only one second transmission mechanism and one pivot shaft may be provided.
  • the first transmission mechanism 1402 includes a worm wheel 1402A and a worm screw 1402B, the worm wheel 1402A is configured to be in driving connection with the driver 160 , and the transmission shaft 1401 is configured as a worm screw 1402B.
  • the steering wheel 10 further includes a fixed shaft 150 fixed with the steering wheel rim 110 , and the pivot shaft 130 can pivot around the fixed shaft 150 under the action of the transmission mechanism 140 .
  • the second axis of rotation coincides with the fixed shaft 150 (or its axis).
  • the steering wheel bracket 120 is provided with a track 1202 for guiding the movement of the pivot shaft 130 , and the pivot shaft 130 moves along the track 1202 under the action of the power transmitted by the second transmission mechanism 1402 , so that the pivot shaft 130 pivots around the fixed shaft 150 .
  • the second transmission mechanism 1403 is configured as a first link 1403A and a second link 1403B connected to each other at the ends, wherein the first link 1403A is configured as One end thereof is fixed to the transmission shaft 1401 , and the second link 1403B is configured to have one end fixed to the pivot shaft 130 .
  • one end of the first link 1403A is connected to the second link 1403B, the other end is fixed to the transmission shaft 1401 , one end of the second link 1403B is connected to the first link 1403A, and the other end is fixed to the pivot shaft 130 .
  • the position of the steering wheel rim relative to the steering wheel bracket can be locked by using the link mechanism with a self-locking function.
  • the steering wheel 10 is further provided with an angle detection device 170 , which is used to detect the angle that the steering wheel rim 110 has turned relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 .
  • the angle detected by the angle detection device 170 rotated by the steering wheel rim relative to the steering wheel bracket can be displayed via the display device, or used as an input signal for the controller to further control or adjust the steering wheel.
  • the angle detection device 170 is arranged to determine the angle by which the steering wheel rim 110 is rotated relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 by detecting the angle by which the propeller shaft 1401 is rotated.
  • the angle detection device 170 includes a first detection gear 170B and a second detection gear 170A meshed with each other, and the first detection gear 170B is fixed to the transmission shaft 1401, and the second detection gear 170A is connected with the sensor of the angle detection device 170, The sensor of the angle detection device 170 detects the angle rotated by the first detection gear 170B and thus the transmission shaft 1401 by detecting the angle rotated by the second detection gear 170A.
  • the angle detection device can also be directly disposed on the transmission shaft without two detection gears.
  • FIGS. 2(a)-2(c) show a steering wheel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the following describes a steering wheel according to a second embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 2(a)-2(c). It should be noted that the difference between the second embodiment to be described and the above-mentioned first embodiment mainly lies in the transmission mechanism.
  • the steering wheel 20 includes a steering wheel rim 110 and a steering wheel bracket 120 , the steering wheel rim 110 is movable relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 , and the steering wheel rim 110 is installed to be able to move Rotate about a first axis of rotation.
  • the rotation of the steering wheel rim 110 about the first axis of rotation can be understood to be used to set the desired direction of travel of the vehicle.
  • the steering wheel 20 further includes a pivot shaft 130 arranged to be fixedly connected with the steering wheel rim 110 to move together with the steering wheel rim 110 .
  • the pivot shaft 130 is fixedly connected with the spokes of the steering wheel rim 110 .
  • the pivoting of the pivot shaft 130 in FIG. 2(a) about the second axis of rotation causes the steering wheel rim 110 to rotate relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 about the second axis of rotation, the second rotation
  • the axes are substantially perpendicular to the paper in Figure 2(c), and the first axis of rotation is perpendicular to the second axis of rotation.
  • the steering wheel 20 also includes a transmission mechanism 240, the transmission mechanism 240 includes a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism 2403, the description with reference to the first transmission mechanism 1402 in the first embodiment is applicable to the first transmission mechanism 2403.
  • the second transmission mechanism 2403 is described in detail below.
  • the second transmission mechanism 2403 is configured as a first gear 2403A and a second gear 2403B meshing with each other, the first gear 2403A is configured to be fixed to the transmission shaft, and, The second gear 2403B is configured to be fixed to the pivot shaft 130 . It can be understood that in this embodiment, the second rotation axis coincides with the pivot shaft 130 (or its axis).
  • the steering wheel 20 is further provided with a self-locking device 280 configured to lock the position of the steering wheel rim 110 relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 .
  • the self-locking device 280 includes a retractable pin and positioning holes 2801 and 2802 arranged on the accommodating cavity, and the retractable pin locks the steering wheel rim 110 relative to the steering wheel bracket when the retractable pin is positioned in the positioning holes 2801 and 2802 120, for example, when the retractable pin is positioned in the positioning hole 2801, locking the steering wheel rim 110 relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 in a first position, which may be the position shown in FIG.
  • the retractable pin when the retractable pin is positioned in the positioning hole 2802, the steering wheel rim 110 is locked relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 in a second position, which may be the position shown in Figure 2(c).
  • the retractable pin may be configured as an electromagnetic switch, but this is only an example and the retractable pin may be actuated in other ways.
  • FIGS. 3(a)-3(b) show a steering wheel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the following describes a steering wheel according to a third embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 3(a)-3(b). It should be noted that the difference between the third embodiment to be described and the above-mentioned first embodiment mainly lies in the transmission mechanism.
  • the steering wheel 30 includes a steering wheel rim 110 and a steering wheel bracket 120 , the steering wheel rim 110 is movable relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 , and the steering wheel rim 110 is installed to be able to move Rotate about a first axis of rotation.
  • the rotation of the steering wheel rim 110 about the first axis of rotation can be understood to be used to set the desired direction of travel of the vehicle.
  • the steering wheel 30 further includes a pivot shaft 130 arranged to be fixedly connected with the steering wheel rim 110 to move together with the steering wheel rim 110 .
  • the pivot shaft 130 (which is the same member as the transmission shaft 1401 in this embodiment) is fixedly connected to the spokes of the steering wheel rim 110 .
  • the pivoting of the pivot shaft 130 in FIG. 3(a) about the second axis of rotation causes the steering wheel rim 110 to rotate relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 about the second axis of rotation, the second rotation
  • the axes are substantially perpendicular to the paper in Figure 3(b), and the first axis of rotation is perpendicular to the second axis of rotation.
  • the steering wheel 30 further includes a transmission mechanism 340, the transmission mechanism 340 includes a first transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism 3403, the description with reference to the first transmission mechanism 1402 in the first embodiment is applicable to the first transmission mechanism 3403.
  • the second transmission mechanism 3403 is described in detail below. As shown, the second transmission mechanism 3403 is configured as a third gear 3403B and a rack 3403A that mesh with each other, the third gear 3403B is configured to be fixed to the transmission shaft 1401, and a rack 3403A is placed on track 1202.
  • the steering wheel 30 is further provided with a self-locking device 280 configured to lock the position of the steering wheel rim 110 relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 .
  • the description with reference to the self-locking device 280 in the second embodiment is applicable to the self-locking device in the third embodiment. Specifically, only two positioning holes of the self-locking device are shown in FIG. 3( a ), which are retractable and retractable. When the pin is positioned in the positioning holes 2801, 2802, the position of the steering wheel rim 110 relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 is locked.
  • the steering wheel rim 110 is locked relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 in the first A position, which may be the position shown in FIG. 3(a), and, for example, locking the steering wheel rim 110 relative to the steering wheel bracket 120 in the second position when the retractable pin is positioned in the positioning hole 2802,
  • the second position may be the position shown in FIG. 3(b).
  • the steering wheel 30 further includes a fixed shaft 150 fixed with the steering wheel rim 110 , and the pivot shaft 130 can pivot around the fixed shaft 150 under the action of the transmission mechanism 140 .
  • the second axis of rotation coincides with the fixed shaft 150 (or its axis).
  • a pivot shaft and a transmission mechanism drivingly connected to the pivot shaft are provided, and the pivot shaft is arranged to be fixedly connected to the steering wheel rim to move together with the steering wheel rim, so that the pivot shaft rotates about the second Pivoting of the axis causes the steering wheel rim to be stowed relative to the steering wheel bracket about the second axis of rotation. Therefore, the steering wheel of the present invention can be stored in a simple manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)

Abstract

一种方向盘（10，20，30），包括方向盘轮缘（110）和方向盘支架（120），方向盘轮缘（110）能够相对于方向盘支架（120）运动，并且，方向盘轮缘（110）安装为能够围绕第一旋转轴线旋转，其中，方向盘（10，20，30）还包括：枢转轴（130），其设置为与方向盘轮缘（110）固定地连接以与方向盘轮缘（110）一起运动，以及，枢转轴（130）围绕第二旋转轴线的枢转使得方向盘轮缘（110）相对于方向盘支架（120）围绕第二旋转轴线转动，其中，第一旋转轴线垂直于第二旋转轴线；和传动机构（140，240，340），其被构造为与枢转轴（130）传动连接，并且，用于在受到驱动器（160）的驱动时向枢转轴（130）传递动力以使得枢转轴（130）围绕第二旋转轴线枢转。

Description

方向盘 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆的操纵机构，具体地，涉及方向盘。
背景技术
车辆通常通过其前轮调节机动车辆的期望方向。车辆的驾驶员通过方向盘设定期望的方向。为此，使方向盘的轮缘旋转，使得前轮指向期望的方向。方向盘的轮缘通常位于车辆驾驶员胸部的前方，使得车辆驾驶员可以相对容易地抓住方向盘的轮缘。与此同时，方向盘的设置位置导致驾驶员的运动自由度受到限制，使得驾驶员不能或仅相对笨拙地在座椅内向侧面旋转。另外，驾驶员从车辆进出也不利地受此影响。
如今车辆的自动化程度越来越高，使得车辆可以自主地移动。相应地，针对车辆区分了不同的自动化级别。从对应于高度自动化的等级3开始，驾驶员不必一直监视用于控制车辆的各个系统。因此，驾驶员可以将其注意力转移到其感兴趣的事项或者进行休息。在这种情形下，期望方向盘轮缘被收纳以为驾驶员提供更大的空间和更高的舒适度。
因此，期望提供一种能够以简单的方式实现被收纳的方向盘。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够以简单的方式实现被收纳的方向盘。
本发明提供一种方向盘，其包括方向盘轮缘和方向盘支架，所述方向盘轮缘能够相对于所述方向盘支架运动，并且，所述方向盘轮缘安装为能够围绕第一旋转轴线旋转，
其中，
所述方向盘还包括：
枢转轴，其设置为与所述方向盘轮缘固定地连接以与所述方向盘轮缘 一起运动，以及，所述枢转轴围绕第二旋转轴线的枢转使得所述方向盘轮缘相对于所述方向盘支架围绕所述第二旋转轴线转动，其中，所述第一旋转轴线垂直于所述第二旋转轴线；和
传动机构，其被构造为与所述枢转轴传动连接，并且，用于在受到驱动器的驱动时向所述枢转轴传递动力以使得所述枢转轴围绕所述第二旋转轴线枢转。
根据本发明的实施例，所述方向盘支架包括用于容纳所述传动机构的容纳腔，并且，所述枢转轴的一部分伸入所述容纳腔。
根据本发明的实施例，所述传动机构包括传动轴、沿着所述传动轴的轴向方向间隔布置的第一传动机构和第二传动机构，并且，所述第一传动机构被构造为与所述驱动器传动连接以将动力从所述驱动器传递到所述传动轴，以及，所述第二传动机构被构造为与所述枢转轴传动连接以将动力从所述传动轴传递到所述枢转轴。
根据本发明的实施例，所述第一传动机构包括蜗轮和蜗杆，所述蜗轮被构造为与所述驱动器传动连接，以及，所述传动轴被构造为所述蜗杆。
根据本发明的实施例，所述第二传动机构被构造为彼此啮合的第一齿轮和第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮被构造为固定到所述传动轴上，以及，所述第二齿轮被构造为固定到所述枢转轴上。
根据本发明的实施例，所述方向盘还包括与方向盘轮缘固定在一起的固定轴，所述方向盘支架上设置有用于引导所述枢转轴运动的轨道，并且，所述枢转轴在所述第二传动机构传递的动力的作用下沿着所述轨道运动，以使得所述枢转轴围绕所述固定轴枢转。
根据本发明的实施例，所述第二传动机构被构造为在端部彼此连接的第一连杆和第二连杆，其中，所述第一连杆被构造为其一端与所述传动轴固定，以及，所述第二连杆被构造为其一端与所述枢转轴固定。
根据本发明的实施例，所述第二传动机构被构造为彼此啮合的第三齿轮和齿条，所述第三齿轮被构造为固定到所述传动轴上，以及，所述齿条被设置在所述轨道上。
根据本发明的实施例，还设置有自锁装置，其被构造为用于锁定所述 方向盘轮缘相对于所述方向盘支架的位置。
根据本发明的实施例，所述自锁装置包括可伸缩销和设置在所述容纳腔上的定位孔，并且，所述可伸缩销在定位到所述定位孔中时锁定所述方向盘轮缘相对于所述方向盘支架的位置。
根据本发明的实施例，还设置有角度检测装置，其用于检测所述方向盘轮缘相对于所述方向盘支架转过的角度。
根据本发明的实施例，所述角度检测装置被设置为通过检测所述传动轴转过的角度确定所述方向盘轮缘相对于所述方向盘支架转过的角度。
根据本发明的实施例，所述角度检测装置包括彼此啮合的第一检测齿轮和第二检测齿轮，以及，所述第一检测齿轮固定到所述传动轴，所述第二检测齿轮与所述角度检测装置的传感器连接。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本发明示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。在附图中，相同的符号标示相同的元件，其中：
图1(a)-图1(c)示出了根据本发明第一实施例的方向盘。
图2(a)-图2(c)示出了根据本发明第二实施例的方向盘。
图3(a)-图3(b)示出了根据本发明第三实施例的方向盘。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图描述根据本发明的方向盘的具体实施方式。下面的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本发明的原理，本发明不限于所描述的优选实施例，本发明的保护范围由权利要求书限定。
此外，空间相关术语(诸如“上”、“下”、“左”和“右”等)用于描述附图所示的元件与另一个元件的相对位置关系。因此，空间相关术语可以应用到使用时与附图所示的方向不同的方向中。显然，虽然为了易于说明，所有这些空间相关术语指的是附图所示的方向，但是本领域技术人员能够理解可以使用与附图中所示的方向不同的方向。
图1(a)-图1(c)示出了根据本发明第一实施例的方向盘。以下参 照图1(a)-图1(c)描述根据本发明第一实施例的方向盘。
如图1(a)所示，根据本发明第一实施例的方向盘10包括方向盘轮缘110和方向盘支架120，方向盘轮缘110能够相对于方向盘支架120运动，并且，方向盘轮缘110安装为能够围绕第一旋转轴线旋转。在图1(a)示出的方向盘10中，该第一旋转轴线在图1(a)中大致垂直于纸面，方向盘轮缘110围绕第一旋转轴线的旋转可以理解为用于设定期望的车辆行驶方向。
继续参照图1(a)，方向盘10还包括枢转轴130，该枢转轴130设置为与方向盘轮缘110固定地连接以与方向盘轮缘110一起运动。具体地，在图1(a)所示的方向盘10中，枢转轴130与方向盘轮缘110的辐条固定地连接，但这仅仅示例，可以根据实际情况将枢转轴设置为与方向盘轮缘的周缘部分固定地连接。以及，如图1(c)所示，枢转轴130围绕第二旋转轴线的枢转使得方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120围绕第二旋转轴线转动，该第二旋转轴线在图1(c)中大致垂直于纸面，并且第一旋转轴线垂直于第二旋转轴线。能够理解，当方向盘处于图1(c)所示的状态时，由于方向盘轮缘相对于方向盘支架进行折叠，而使得方向盘占据的空间相较于图1(a)所示的状态较小，因此，也可以将图1(c)所示的状态称为方向盘的收纳状态。这有利于为驾驶员提供更大的空间和更高的舒适度。
继续参照图1(a)，方向盘10还包括传动机构140，该传动机构140被构造为与枢转轴130传动连接，并且，用于在受到驱动器160的驱动时向枢转轴130传递动力以使得枢转轴130围绕第二旋转轴线枢转。在一个示例中，驱动器被构造为电动机，但是这仅仅是示例，驱动器还可以是其他类型的驱动装置。
在本实施例中，方向盘支架120包括用于容纳传动机构140的容纳腔1201，并且，枢转轴130的一部分伸入该容纳腔1201。能够理解，这仅仅是示例，本发明的方向盘不限于此，例如，传动机构还可以设置在方向盘支架的外侧。以下参照图1(b)详细描述传动机构140。
如图1(b)所示，传动机构140包括传动轴1401、沿着传动轴1401 的轴向方向间隔布置的第一传动机构1402和第二传动机构1403，并且，第一传动机构1402被构造为与驱动器160传动连接以将动力从驱动器160传递到传动轴140，以及，第二传动机构1403被构造为与枢转轴130传动连接以将动力从传动轴140传递到枢转轴130。能够从图1(b)中清楚地看到，两个第二传动机构1403分别设置在传动轴1401的两端以分别与一个枢转轴130传动连接。需要说明的是，这仅仅是示例，例如，在一些情形下可以仅设置一个第二传动机构和一个枢转轴。
继续参照图1(b)，第一传动机构1402包括蜗轮1402A和蜗杆1402B，蜗轮1402A被构造为与驱动器160传动连接，以及，传动轴1401被构造为蜗杆1402B。
返回到图1(a)，方向盘10还包括与方向盘轮缘110固定在一起的固定轴150，枢转轴130能够在传动机构140的作用下围绕固定轴150枢转。换言之，第二旋转轴线与固定轴150(或者其轴线)重合。相应地，如图1(b)所示，方向盘支架120上设置有用于引导枢转轴130运动的轨道1202，并且，枢转轴130在第二传动机构1402传递的动力的作用下沿着轨道1202运动，以使得枢转轴130围绕固定轴150枢转。
继续参照图1(b)，在本实施例中，第二传动机构1403被构造为在端部彼此连接的第一连杆1403A和第二连杆1403B，其中，第一连杆1403A被构造为其一端与传动轴1401固定，以及，第二连杆1403B被构造为其一端与枢转轴130固定。换言之，第一连杆1403A的一端与第二连杆1403B连接，另一端与传动轴1401固定，第二连杆1403B的一端与第一连杆1403A连接，另一端与枢转轴130固定。此外，可以利用连杆机构具有自锁功能，对方向盘轮缘相对于方向盘支架的位置进行锁定。
可选地，如图1(b)所示，方向盘10还设置有角度检测装置170，其用于检测方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120转过的角度。能够理解，由角度检测装置170检测到的方向盘轮缘相对于方向盘支架转过的角度可以经由显示装置显示，或者作为输入信号用于控制器对方向盘的进一步控制或调节。在一个示例性实施例中，角度检测装置170被设置为通过检测传动轴1401转过的角度确定方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120转过的 角度。相应地，角度检测装置170包括彼此啮合的第一检测齿轮170B和第二检测齿轮170A，以及，第一检测齿轮170B固定到传动轴1401，第二检测齿轮170A与角度检测装置170的传感器连接，角度检测装置170的传感器通过检测第二检测齿轮170A转过的角度来检测第一检测齿轮170B以及由此传动轴1401转过的角度。作为替代例，角度检测装置还可以省略掉连个检测齿轮而直接设置在传动轴上。
图2(a)-图2(c)示出了根据本发明第二实施例的方向盘。以下参照图2(a)-图2(c)描述根据本发明第二实施例的方向盘。需要说明的是，将要描述的第二实施例与上述第一实施例不同之处主要在于传动机构。
如图2(a)所示，根据本发明第二实施例的方向盘20包括方向盘轮缘110和方向盘支架120，方向盘轮缘110能够相对于方向盘支架120运动，并且，方向盘轮缘110安装为能够围绕第一旋转轴线旋转。如已经描述的，方向盘轮缘110围绕第一旋转轴线的旋转可以理解为用于设定期望的车辆行驶方向。继续参照图2(a)，方向盘20还包括枢转轴130，该枢转轴130设置为与方向盘轮缘110固定地连接以与方向盘轮缘110一起运动。具体地，在图2(a)所示的方向盘20中，枢转轴130与方向盘轮缘110的辐条固定地连接。以及，如图2(c)所示，图2(a)中的枢转轴130围绕第二旋转轴线的枢转使得方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120围绕第二旋转轴线转动，该第二旋转轴线在图2(c)中大致垂直于纸面，并且，第一旋转轴线垂直于第二旋转轴线。
继续参照图2(a)，方向盘20还包括传动机构240，该传动机构240包括第一传动机构和第二传动机构2403，参照第一实施例中的第一传动机构1402进行的描述适用于第二实施例中的第一传动机构。以下详细描述第二传动机构2403，如图所示，第二传动机构2403被构造为彼此啮合的第一齿轮2403A和第二齿轮2403B，第一齿轮2403A被构造为固定到传动轴上，以及，第二齿轮2403B被构造为固定到枢转轴130上。能够理解，在本实施例中，第二旋转轴线与枢转轴130(或者其轴线)重合。
如图2(b)所示，在本实施例中，方向盘20还设置有自锁装置280，该自锁装置280被构造为用于锁定方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120 的位置。在一个示例中，自锁装置280包括可伸缩销和设置在容纳腔上的定位孔2801、2802，并且，可伸缩销在定位到定位孔2801、2802中时锁定方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120的位置，例如，当可伸缩销定位到定位孔2801时，将方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120锁定在第一位置，该第一位置可以是图2(b)所示的位置，以及，例如，当可伸缩销定位到定位孔2802时，将方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120锁定在第二位置，该第二位置可以是图2(c)所示的位置。在一个示例中，可伸缩销可以被构造为电磁开关，但是这仅仅是示例，可伸缩销还可以以其他方式驱动。
图3(a)-图3(b)示出了根据本发明第三实施例的方向盘。以下参照图3(a)-图3(b)描述根据本发明第三实施例的方向盘。需要说明的是，将要描述的第三实施例与上述第一实施例不同之处主要在于传动机构。
如图3(a)所示，根据本发明第三实施例的方向盘30包括方向盘轮缘110和方向盘支架120，方向盘轮缘110能够相对于方向盘支架120运动，并且，方向盘轮缘110安装为能够围绕第一旋转轴线旋转。如已经描述的，方向盘轮缘110围绕第一旋转轴线的旋转可以理解为用于设定期望的车辆行驶方向。继续参照图3(a)，方向盘30还包括枢转轴130，该枢转轴130设置为与方向盘轮缘110固定地连接以与方向盘轮缘110一起运动。具体地，在图3(a)所示的方向盘20中，枢转轴130(在本实施例中与传动轴1401为同一构件)与方向盘轮缘110的辐条固定地连接。以及，如图3(b)所示，图3(a)中的枢转轴130围绕第二旋转轴线的枢转使得方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120围绕第二旋转轴线转动，该第二旋转轴线在图3(b)中大致垂直于纸面，并且，第一旋转轴线垂直于第二旋转轴线。
继续参照图3(a)，方向盘30还包括传动机构340，该传动机构340包括第一传动机构和第二传动机构3403，参照第一实施例中的第一传动机构1402进行的描述适用于第二实施例中的第一传动机构。以下详细描述第二传动机构3403，如图，第二传动机构3403被构造为彼此啮合的第三齿轮3403B和齿条3403A，第三齿轮3403B被构造为固定到传动轴1401 上，以及，齿条3403A被设置在轨道1202上。
如图3(a)所示，在本实施例中，方向盘30还设置有自锁装置280，该自锁装置被构造为用于锁定方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120的位置。参照第二实施例中的自锁装置280进行的描述适用于第三实施例中的自锁装置，具体地，在图3(a)中仅示出自锁装置的两个定位孔，可伸缩销在定位到定位孔2801、2802中时锁定方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120的位置，例如，当可伸缩销定位到定位孔2801时，将方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120锁定在第一位置，该第一位置可以是图3(a)所示的位置，以及，例如，当可伸缩销定位到定位孔2802时，将方向盘轮缘110相对于方向盘支架120锁定在第二位置，该第二位置可以是图3(b)所示的位置。
返回到图3(a)，方向盘30还包括与方向盘轮缘110固定在一起的固定轴150，枢转轴130能够在传动机构140的作用下围绕固定轴150枢转。换言之，第二旋转轴线与固定轴150(或者其轴线)重合。
因此，在本发明的方向盘中，设置枢转轴和与枢转轴传动连接的传动机构，并且，枢转轴设置为与方向盘轮缘固定地连接以与方向盘轮缘一起运动，使得枢转轴围绕第二旋转轴线的枢转引起方向盘轮缘相对于方向盘支架围绕第二旋转轴线转动而被收纳。因此，本发明的方向盘能够以简单的方式实现被收纳。
如前所述，尽管说明中已经参考附图对本发明的示例性实施例进行了说明，但是本发明不限于上述具体实施方式，本发明的保护范围应当由权利要求书及其等同含义来限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种方向盘(10，20，30)，其包括方向盘轮缘(110)和方向盘支架(120)，所述方向盘轮缘(110)能够相对于所述方向盘支架(120)运动，并且，所述方向盘轮缘(110)安装为能够围绕第一旋转轴线旋转，
    其特征在于，
    所述方向盘(10，20，30)还包括：
    枢转轴(130)，其设置为与所述方向盘轮缘(110)固定地连接以与所述方向盘轮缘(110)一起运动，以及，所述枢转轴(130)围绕第二旋转轴线的枢转使得所述方向盘轮缘(110)相对于所述方向盘支架(120)围绕所述第二旋转轴线转动，其中，所述第一旋转轴线垂直于所述第二旋转轴线；和
    传动机构(140，240，340)，其被构造为与所述枢转轴(130)传动连接，并且，用于在受到驱动器(160)的驱动时向所述枢转轴(130)传递动力以使得所述枢转轴(130)围绕所述第二旋转轴线枢转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述方向盘支架(120)包括用于容纳所述传动机构(140，240，340)的容纳腔(1201)，并且，所述枢转轴(130)的一部分伸入所述容纳腔(1201)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述传动机构(140，240，340)包括传动轴(1401)、沿着所述传动轴(1401)的轴向方向间隔布置的第一传动机构(1402)和第二传动机构(1403，2403，3403)，并且，所述第一传动机构(1402)被构造为与所述驱动器(160)传动连接以将动力从所述驱动器(160)传递到所述传动轴(1401)，以及，所述第二传动机构(1403，2403，3403)被构造为与所述枢转轴(130)传动连接以将动力从所述传动轴(1401)传递到所述枢转轴(130)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述第一传动机构(1402)包括蜗轮(1402A)和蜗杆(1402B)，所述蜗轮(1402A)被构造为与所述驱动器(160)传动连接，以及，所述传动轴(1401)被 构造为所述蜗杆(1402B)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述第二传动机构(2403)被构造为彼此啮合的第一齿轮(2403A)和第二齿轮(2403B)，所述第一齿轮(2403A)被构造为固定到所述传动轴(1401)上，以及，所述第二齿轮(2403B)被构造为固定到所述枢转轴(130)上。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述方向盘还包括与方向盘轮缘(110)固定在一起的固定轴(150)，所述方向盘支架(120)上设置有用于引导所述枢转轴(130)运动的轨道(1202)，并且，所述枢转轴(130)在所述第二传动机构(1403，3403)传递的动力的作用下沿着所述轨道(1202)运动，以使得所述枢转轴(130)围绕所述固定轴(150)枢转。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述第二传动机构(1403)被构造为在端部彼此连接的第一连杆(1403A)和第二连杆(1403B)，其中，所述第一连杆(1403A)被构造为其一端与所述传动轴(1401)固定，以及，所述第二连杆(1403B)被构造为其一端与所述枢转轴(130)固定。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述第二传动机构(3403)被构造为彼此啮合的第三齿轮(3403B)和齿条(3403A)，所述第三齿轮(3403B)被构造为固定到所述传动轴(1401)上，以及，所述齿条(3403A)被设置在所述轨道(1202)上。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，还设置有自锁装置(280)，其被构造为用于锁定所述方向盘轮缘(110)相对于所述方向盘支架(120)的位置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述自锁装置(280)包括可伸缩销和设置在所述容纳腔(1201)上的定位孔(2801，2802)，并且，所述可伸缩销在定位到所述定位孔(2801，2802)中时锁定所述方向盘轮缘(110)相对于所述方向盘支架(120)的位置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，还设置有角度检测装置(170)，其用于检测所述方向盘轮缘(110)相对于所述方 向盘支架(120)转过的角度。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述角度检测装置(170)被设置为通过检测所述传动轴(1401)转过的角度确定所述方向盘轮缘(110)相对于所述方向盘支架(120)转过的角度。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方向盘(10，20，30)，其中，所述角度检测装置(170)包括彼此啮合的第一检测齿轮(170B)和第二检测齿轮(170A)，以及，所述第一检测齿轮(170B)固定到所述传动轴(1401)，所述第二检测齿轮(170A)与所述角度检测装置(170)的传感器连接。
PCT/CN2021/107496 2020-09-09 2021-07-21 方向盘 Ceased WO2022052640A1 (zh)

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