WO2022061895A1 - 通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022061895A1
WO2022061895A1 PCT/CN2020/118423 CN2020118423W WO2022061895A1 WO 2022061895 A1 WO2022061895 A1 WO 2022061895A1 CN 2020118423 W CN2020118423 W CN 2020118423W WO 2022061895 A1 WO2022061895 A1 WO 2022061895A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
amf
plmn
cho
execution condition
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/118423
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
耿婷婷
严乐
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN202080105220.4A priority Critical patent/CN116250279B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/118423 priority patent/WO2022061895A1/zh
Priority to EP20954745.4A priority patent/EP4210385B1/en
Publication of WO2022061895A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022061895A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/00835—Determination of neighbour cell lists
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/34—Reselection control
    • H04W36/36—Reselection control by user or terminal equipment
    • H04W36/362—Conditional handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/322—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by location data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.
  • Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) communication systems provide seamless coverage for terminal equipment by deploying the functions of access network equipment or part of access network equipment on non-terrestrial equipment such as high-altitude platforms or satellites. Or the satellite is located in the high sky and is less affected by natural disasters, therefore, the reliability of the NTN communication system is high.
  • NTN Non-terrestrial networks
  • a cell in an NTN communication system is called an NTN cell.
  • An important feature of the NTN communication system is that the coverage of an NTN cell is usually relatively large. For example, the cell coverage diameter can reach tens to thousands of kilometers. Therefore, there will be an NTN cell covering Geographical areas of multiple countries or situations that cover the service areas of multiple operators.
  • the satellite can indicate that it can support the services of multiple countries or operators by broadcasting information from multiple public land mobile networks (PLMN), or the satellite can broadcast Multiple access and mobility management function (AMF) information to indicate that it can support services from multiple countries or operators.
  • PLMN public land mobile networks
  • AMF Multiple access and mobility management function
  • the network configures the terminal device to perform a conditional handover (CHO), and configures one or more candidate target cells for the terminal device.
  • CHO conditional handover
  • the network configures an NTN cell supporting multiple PLMNs and/or multiple AMFs as candidate target cells, there is currently no relevant solution on how to perform CHO.
  • a communication method and apparatus in the embodiments of the present application are used to provide a CHO mechanism when a candidate target cell is an NTN cell supporting multiple PLMNs and/or multiple AMFs, so as to improve the reliability of handover.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be executed by a terminal device or by a component (such as a chip or circuit) configured in the terminal device.
  • a component such as a chip or circuit
  • the terminal device will be used as the The implementation of this method is described as an example.
  • the method may include: the terminal device receives first information of the candidate target cell from the source network device, where the first information includes first PLMN information and/or first AMF information, and second PLMN information and/or second AMF information;
  • the first information further includes the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the first CHO configuration information corresponding to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information
  • Two CHO configuration information and second area information the first area information is used to indicate the first area covered by the candidate target cell, and the second area information is used to indicate the second area covered by the candidate target cell; information and the area where it is currently located to determine the target cell and target PLMN information and/or target AMF information.
  • the above technical solution provides a CHO mechanism when a cell covering geographic areas of multiple countries or service areas of multiple operators is configured as a candidate target cell of a terminal device. Since the terminal device can determine the target cell, the target PLMN and/or the target AMF from the configured candidate target cells according to the first information received from the source network device and the area where it is currently located, the above technical solutions can effectively Improve handover reliability.
  • the terminal device determines the target cell and the target PLMN information and/or the target AMF information according to the first information and the area where it is currently located, which may specifically include: if the first CHO configuration information contains The first CHO execution condition is satisfied, and the terminal equipment is currently located in the first area, then the terminal equipment can determine that the candidate target cell is the target cell, and determine that the first PLMN information is the target PLMN information, and/or, determine the first PLMN information An AMF message is the target AMF message.
  • the terminal equipment can be respectively determined as the target cell, the target PLMN information and the target AMF information in the cell that satisfies the CHO execution condition, the cell, PLMN information and AMF information that match the area where its current position is located, so that it can be effectively To avoid the problem that the selected target PLMN and/or target AMF is not a PLMN and/or AMF supported by the area where the terminal device is currently located, resulting in CHO handover failure.
  • the terminal device determines the target cell and the target PLMN information and/or the target AMF information according to the first information and the area where it is currently located, and may specifically include: if the first CHO configuration information The first CHO execution condition in the CHO configuration information and the second CHO execution condition in the second CHO configuration information are all satisfied, and the terminal equipment is currently located in the first area, then the terminal equipment can determine that the candidate target cell is the target cell, and determine the first CHO.
  • a piece of PLMN information is target PLMN information, and/or it is determined that the first AMF information is target AMF information.
  • the terminal equipment can be based on the area where the current position is located, and each area covered by the candidate target cell and the PLMN and/or The correspondence between the AMFs determines the target PLMN and/or the target AMF, thereby avoiding the problem of handover failure.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device sends a first message to the target network device, where the first message is used to indicate that the terminal device has been successfully handed over to the target cell, and the first message includes Target PLMN information and/or target AMF information, where the target network device is a network device that manages the target cell.
  • the terminal device may also send to the target network device a first message for indicating that the handover to the target cell has been successful, or, in other words, the first message for indicating that the handover is completed, Therefore, it is convenient for the target network device to release unnecessary CHO configurations or connections, etc., thereby effectively improving resource utilization.
  • the first message further includes identification information of the target cell and index information corresponding to the target cell. In this way, it is convenient for the target network device to determine the target cell to which the terminal device is handed over.
  • the first message may use the first CHO configuration information
  • the corresponding first key is encrypted.
  • the terminal device may send two first CHO configuration information to the target network device.
  • a message wherein a first message is encrypted with a first key corresponding to the first CHO configuration information, and another first message is encrypted with a second key corresponding to the second CHO configuration information.
  • the terminal device can use the key corresponding to the CHO configuration information to encrypt the first message, thereby improving the security of the first message during the transmission process.
  • the first CHO configuration information includes first CHO execution condition information, where the first CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the candidate target cell and the first PLMN information and/or the first CHO execution condition information.
  • a first CHO execution condition corresponding to AMF information where the first CHO execution condition information includes one of signal quality-based execution condition information, time/timer-based execution condition information, or location-based execution condition information, or Various;
  • the first PLMN information includes the identity of the first PLMN, the first AMF information includes the identity of the first AMF, or the identity of the first AMF and the identity of the first PLMN;
  • the second CHO configuration information includes the second CHO execution condition information, the second CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the second CHO execution condition corresponding to the candidate target cell and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and the second CHO execution condition information includes signal quality-based One or more of execution condition information, time/timer-based execution condition information, or location-based execution condition information;
  • the method further includes: the terminal device releasing the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and releasing the second CHO configuration information and the second area information.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can be executed by a source network device or by a component (for example, a chip or a circuit) configured in the source network device.
  • the source network device performs this method as an example for description.
  • the method may include: the source network device receiving first information of the candidate target cell from the candidate target network device, the first information including the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information; wherein, the first information also includes the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and, corresponding to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information.
  • the second CHO configuration information and the second area information, the first area information is used to indicate the first area covered by the candidate target cell, and the second area information is used to indicate the second area covered by the candidate target cell;
  • the terminal device sends the first information of the candidate target cell.
  • the above technical solution provides a CHO mechanism when a cell covering geographic areas of multiple countries or service areas of multiple operators is configured as a candidate target cell of a terminal device. If the candidate target cell supports multiple PLMNs and/or AMFs, the source network device can provide the terminal device with the CHO configuration information and area information corresponding to each PLMN and/or AMF when performing the CHO configuration, so that the terminal device can In the area where the location is located, the target cell, the target PLMN and/or the target AMF are selected from the cells that satisfy the CHO execution conditions, thereby improving the reliability of the handover.
  • the first CHO configuration information includes first CHO execution condition information, where the first CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the candidate target cell and the first PLMN information and/or the first CHO execution condition information.
  • a first CHO execution condition corresponding to AMF information where the first CHO execution condition information includes one of signal quality-based execution condition information, time/timer-based execution condition information, or location-based execution condition information, or Various;
  • the first PLMN information includes the identity of the first PLMN, the first AMF information includes the identity of the first AMF, or the identity of the first AMF and the identity of the first PLMN;
  • the second CHO configuration information includes the second CHO execution condition information, the second CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the second CHO execution condition corresponding to the candidate target cell and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and the second CHO execution condition information includes signal quality-based execution One or more of condition information, or time/timer-based execution condition information, or location-based execution condition information;
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be executed by a target network device or by a component (for example, a chip or a circuit) configured in the target network device.
  • the target network device performs this method as an example for description.
  • the method may include: the target network device sending first information of the candidate target cell to the source network device, where the first information includes first PLMN information and/or first AMF information, and second PLMN information and/or second AMF information; wherein, the first information also includes the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and, corresponding to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information
  • the second CHO configuration information and the second area information, the first area information is used to indicate the first area covered by the candidate target cell, and the second area information is used to indicate the second area covered by the candidate target cell;
  • the candidate target cell is the target cell, and the target network device receives a first message from the terminal device, where the first message is used to indicate that the terminal device has been successfully handed over to the target cell, and the first message includes the target PLMN information and/or the target AMF information, the target PLMN information and/or the target AMF information is the first PLMN information and/
  • the above technical solution provides a CHO mechanism when a cell covering geographic areas of multiple countries or service areas of multiple operators is configured as a candidate target cell of a terminal device. If the candidate target cell supports multiple PLMNs and/or AMFs, the candidate target network device can provide the source network device with the CHO configuration information and area information corresponding to each PLMN and/or AMF when preparing for CHO handover, so as to facilitate the The terminal device determines the target cell, the target PLMN and/or the target AMF from the cells that satisfy the CHO execution conditions according to the area where its own position is located, so as to improve the reliability of the handover.
  • the target network device can determine the target PLMN and/or the target AMF accessed by the terminal device according to the first message, so as to release the unnecessary CHO configuration for the terminal device or connections, etc., to effectively improve resource utilization.
  • the target network device may initiate random access according to the terminal device RACH resource information used by the process, determine the first key for decrypting the first message, and use the first key to decrypt the first message.
  • the target network device may receive two first CHO configuration information from the terminal device. one message, and use the first key to decrypt the two first messages, and/or use the second key to decrypt the two first messages; wherein, the first key is corresponding to the first CHO configuration information key, the second key is the key corresponding to the second CHO configuration information.
  • the target network device can use the key corresponding to the CHO configuration information to decrypt the first message, so as to obtain the information contained in the first message.
  • the target network device can determine the secret key for decrypting the first message according to the RACH resource information used by the terminal device when performing random access.
  • the target network device uses the key pair corresponding to any CHO configuration information. The first message can be decrypted successfully.
  • the method further includes: the target network device sends a second message to the target AMF corresponding to the target AMF information, where the second message is used to indicate to the target AMF that the terminal device has completed the handover, thereby Complete the CHO switching process.
  • the method further includes: the target network device sends a third message to an AMF corresponding to another AMF information other than the target AMF information in the first AMF information and the second AMF information, The third message is used to instruct the other AMF to release the connection established for the terminal device, thereby effectively improving resource utilization.
  • the third message includes a connection release cause value, where the connection release cause value is abnormal location or AMF is unavailable.
  • the first CHO configuration information includes first CHO execution condition information, where the first CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the candidate target cell and the first PLMN information and/or the first CHO execution condition information.
  • a CHO execution condition corresponding to AMF information where the first CHO execution condition information includes one or more of signal quality-based execution condition information, time/timer-based execution condition information, or location-based execution condition information.
  • the first PLMN information includes the identification of the first PLMN
  • the first AMF information includes the identification of the first AMF, or includes the identification of the first AMF and the identification of the first PLMN;
  • the second CHO configuration information includes the second CHO to execute Condition information, the second CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the CHO execution condition corresponding to the target cell and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and the second CHO execution condition information includes signal quality-based execution condition information, or One or more of time/timer-based execution condition information or location-based execution condition information; the second PLM
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, the device has the function of implementing the terminal device in any possible design of the first aspect or the first aspect, and the device may be a terminal device or a terminal Chip included in the device.
  • the communication apparatus may also have the function of a source network device in any possible design for implementing the second aspect or the second aspect, or a target network in the design for implementing the third aspect or any possible one in the third aspect.
  • the function of the device, the device may be a network device or a chip included in the network device.
  • the functions of the above communication apparatus may be implemented by hardware, or by executing corresponding software in hardware, and the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units or means corresponding to the above functions.
  • the structure of the apparatus includes a processing module and a transceiver module, wherein the processing module is configured to support the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions of the terminal device in the first aspect or any design of the first aspect , or perform the corresponding function of the source network device in the above second aspect or any design of the second aspect, or perform the corresponding function of the target network device in the above third aspect or any possible design of the third aspect.
  • the transceiver module is used to support communication between the device and other communication devices.
  • the communication device may also include a storage module, which is coupled to the processing module and stores necessary program instructions and data of the device.
  • the processing module may be a processor
  • the communication module may be a transceiver
  • the storage module may be a memory
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or may be provided separately from the processor.
  • the structure of the apparatus includes a processor and may also include a memory.
  • the processor is coupled to the memory and can be used to execute computer program instructions stored in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect above, or the second aspect or the second aspect above The method in any possible design of the above-mentioned third aspect or the method in any possible design of the third aspect is performed.
  • the apparatus further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.
  • the communication interface can be a transceiver or an input/output interface; when the device is a chip included in the network device or a chip included in the terminal device, the communication interface can be the input of the chip /Output Interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, and the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, including: a processor, where the processor is coupled to a memory, and the memory is used to store a program or an instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor , so that the chip system implements the above-mentioned first aspect or the method in any possible design of the first aspect, or realizes the above-mentioned second aspect or the method in any possible design of the second aspect, or realizes the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the method in the three aspects or any possible design of the third aspect.
  • the chip system further includes an interface circuit, and the interface circuit is used for exchanging code instructions to the processor.
  • the number of processors in the chip system may be one or more, and the processors may be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software codes stored in memory.
  • the number of memories in the system-on-chip may also be one or more.
  • the memory can be integrated with the processor, or can be provided separately from the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-transitory processor, such as a read-only memory ROM, which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or may be provided on different chips.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program or instruction is stored, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, causes the computer to execute the first aspect or any one of the first aspects.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product that, when a computer reads and executes the computer program product, causes the computer to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, Or execute the method in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect, or execute the method in the third aspect or any possible design of the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, where the communication system includes a source network device and a target network device.
  • the communication system may further include at least one terminal device.
  • the target network device may be a candidate target network device configured by the source network device.
  • the communication system may further include one or more other candidate target network devices configured by the source network device.
  • the communication system may further include core network equipment.
  • FIG. 1a and 1b are schematic diagrams of the network architecture of a satellite communication system to which the embodiments of the application are applicable;
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the ground stationary cell that mobile satellite forms
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ground mobile cell formed by a mobile satellite
  • Fig. 4 is the handover flow schematic diagram under the CHO mechanism
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of different PLMNs corresponding to different areas covered by a candidate target cell in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is an example diagram of CHO preparation by a source base station and a candidate target base station through a directly connected communication interface in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is an example diagram of CHO preparation by a source base station and a candidate target base station through forwarding by core network equipment in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 9 is a specific example of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is another schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is another schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • GPRS general packet radio General packet radio service
  • LTE LTE system
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • 5G 5th generation
  • the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication system, and may also be applied to a mixed deployment scenario of NTN and terrestrial networks (terrestrial networks, TN).
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • TN terrestrial networks
  • the NTN communication system may include a satellite communication system, a high altitude platform station (HAPS) communication system, or other non-terrestrial communication systems.
  • HAPS high altitude platform station
  • the following takes the NTN communication system as a satellite communication system as an example to describe the network architecture applied in the present application in detail.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a satellite communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applied.
  • the network architecture includes a core network device 110, a radio access network device 120, a satellite 130, and at least one terminal device (as shown in FIG. 1a ).
  • the core network equipment, radio access network equipment and terminal equipment in FIG. 1a are located on the ground, and the satellites are located in the high sky.
  • the wireless access network equipment may communicate with the core network equipment in a wireless or wired manner.
  • the core network device and the radio access network device can be independent and different physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the radio access network device can be integrated on the same physical device, or they can be one physical device. It integrates the functions of some core network equipment and some functions of the wireless access network equipment.
  • the wireless access network devices mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may correspond to different devices in different communication systems, for example, the 5G system corresponds to the 5G access network devices, such as gNB or ng-eNB, The 4G system corresponds to the access network equipment in 4G, such as eNB or en-gNB.
  • the communication between the wireless access network equipment and the terminal equipment transmits signals through satellites, that is, the satellite can receive the signals of the wireless access network equipment and forward the signals to the ground to form a satellite cell, thereby providing service coverage for the terminal equipment on the ground.
  • the satellite is equivalent to a relay node or transponder, so this scenario can also be called a transparent form of the satellite.
  • the satellite cell can be fixed on the ground (can be marked as “fixed cell”), or it can move on the ground with the movement of the satellite (can be marked as “mobile cell”).
  • the satellite cell is fixed on the ground, which means that the coverage of the satellite cell on the ground is fixed, either for a period of time or permanently.
  • the satellite cell formed by it is generally also fixed relative to the ground.
  • the satellite can adjust the launch angle of its antenna or other physical parameters, so that the formed satellite cell is fixed relative to the ground.
  • the satellite cell moves with the movement of the satellite, that is, when the satellite moves, the satellite cell also follows the satellite to move on the ground.
  • the reason for the mobile cell is that the satellite does not dynamically adjust the direction of the beam as the satellite moves, so that the projection of the beam generated by the satellite on the ground moves with the movement of the satellite.
  • a possible mobile cell existence scenario may be: the satellite establishes a connection with the original wireless access network equipment, and with the movement of the satellite, the original wireless access network equipment forwarded by the satellite The lower cell moves with the satellite for a period of time, that is, the satellite maintains a connection with the original wireless access network equipment for a period of time; When disconnected, the satellite is connected to a new wireless access network device, after which the satellite starts to forward the signal of the new wireless access network device to form a new satellite cell. It can be understood that although the satellite is running continuously, the location of the wireless access network equipment on the ground does not change.
  • the moving range of the satellite cell is usually around the periphery of the radio access network device.
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of another network architecture of a satellite communication system to which the embodiments of the present application are applied
  • the network architecture includes a core network device 110, a satellite 130, and at least one terminal device (the terminal device shown in FIG. 1b). 140).
  • the core network equipment and terminal equipment in Fig. 1b are located on the ground, while the satellites are located high in the sky.
  • a radio access network device such as a base station
  • the satellite can generate the cell signal by itself and forward it to the ground to form a satellite cell, thereby providing service coverage area for the terminal equipment on the ground. Therefore, this scenario may also be referred to as a regenerative form of the satellite.
  • the satellite cell moves with the movement of the satellite, that is, when the satellite moves, the cell generated by it also moves on the ground, so it can be called a "moving cell". Since the “mobile cell” is generated by the satellite itself, the “mobile cell” of the satellite can move on the ground following the orbit of the satellite. Under normal circumstances, when a satellite is removed, new satellites will be moved over to ensure continuous coverage as much as possible.
  • the coverage area of the new satellite may or may not be the same as the coverage area of the previous satellite. It can be understood that the ground coverage areas of the two satellites may not necessarily be exactly the same due to differences in the satellite's running direction, beam launch direction, and beam launch capability.
  • one radio access network device or satellite or core network device may provide services for one or more terminal devices, and the embodiments of the present application may provide services for the satellite communication
  • the number of core network devices, wireless access network devices, satellites and terminal devices included in the system is not limited.
  • the terminal device may be fixed or movable, which is not limited in this application.
  • the wireless access network equipment and the terminal equipment and between the terminal equipment and the terminal equipment can communicate through the licensed spectrum (licensed spectrum), can also communicate through the unlicensed spectrum (unlicensed spectrum), and can also communicate through the licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum for communications.
  • the radio access network equipment and the terminal equipment and between the terminal equipment and the terminal equipment can communicate through the frequency spectrum below 6 gigahertz (gigahertz, GHz), and can also communicate through the frequency spectrum above 6 GHz, and can also use the frequency below 6 GHz at the same time. spectrum and the spectrum above 6GHz to communicate.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit the spectrum resources used between the radio access network device and the terminal device.
  • FIG. 2 it is a schematic diagram of a ground stationary cell formed by a mobile satellite.
  • This figure shows an ideal scenario, that is, the ground cell is completely stationary. When one satellite is removed, another satellite will completely cover the previous cell area. .
  • the mapping method of the ground stationary cell means that the location of the cell does not move on the ground, and the mobile satellite can form these cells by adjusting its own beam. It should be understood that when the satellite cell is a terrestrial stationary cell, the mobile satellite can provide a service coverage area in the form of transparent forwarding.
  • cell 1 and cell 2 are covered by the beam of satellite 1, and cell 3 and cell 4 are covered by the beam of satellite 2.
  • both satellite 1 and satellite 2 move to the left, they can still adjust their own beams to ensure the coverage of cell 1, cell 2, cell 3, and cell 4.
  • satellite 1 and satellite 2 have moved a sufficient distance, satellite 1 cannot provide coverage for cell 2 by adjusting the beam, and satellite 2 cannot provide coverage for cell 4 by adjusting the beam.
  • Satellite 2 can provide coverage for cell 2, while satellite 3 can provide coverage for cell 4.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of a ground mobile cell formed by a mobile satellite.
  • the mapping method of the ground mobile cell means that the mobile satellite does not dynamically adjust its beam direction, and the beam generated by the base station moves on the ground with the movement of the satellite/base station. It should be understood that when the satellite cell is a ground mobile cell, the mobile satellite can provide a service coverage area in a transparent forwarding form or a regeneration form.
  • an area is covered by cell 1 and cell 2 formed by satellite 1, and cell 3 and cell 4 formed by satellite 2. Since cell 1, cell 2, cell 3 and cell 4 move with the movement of satellite 1 and satellite 2, at time T3, this area becomes cell 2 formed by satellite 1, cell 3 and cell 3 formed by satellite 2 in this area. The cell 4 and the cell 5 formed by the newly moved satellite 3 are covered.
  • the network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new service scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the terminal device involved in the embodiments of this application is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.) ); can also be deployed in the air (such as aircraft, balloons and satellites, etc.
  • the terminal equipment can communicate with the core network via a radio access network (RAN), and exchange voice and/or data with the RAN.
  • RAN radio access network
  • the terminal device can be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal device, Augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self driving, wireless terminal in remote medical (remote medical), smart grid (smart grid) ), wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application are not applicable to application scenarios.
  • the terminal equipment may also be sometimes referred to as user equipment (UE), mobile station, remote station, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology, device form and name used by the terminal equipment.
  • the terminal device may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices or smart wearable devices, etc. It is a general term for the application of wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes. Wait.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-scale, complete or partial functions without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, which needs to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones.
  • Use such as all kinds of smart bracelets, smart helmets, smart jewelry, etc. for physical sign monitoring.
  • the terminal device in this embodiment of the present application may also be an on-board module, on-board module, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit built into the vehicle as one or more components or units.
  • a module, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit may implement the method of the present application.
  • the wireless access network device involved in the embodiments of the present application is a device in the network for connecting a terminal device to a wireless network.
  • the radio access network device may be a node in the radio access network, and may also be called a base station, and may also be called a RAN node.
  • a radio access network device refers to a radio access network device deployed on the ground or on a satellite.
  • a radio access network device may be referred to as an access network device or a network device for short.
  • the access network equipment may include an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional Node B) in an LTE system or an evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A), such as a traditional macro base station eNB and
  • the micro base station eNB in the heterogeneous network scenario may also include the next generation node B (gNB) in the 5G system or the NR system, or may also include a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB , or home Node B, HNB), base band unit (BBU), baseband pool BBU pool, or wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) access point (access point, AP), access backhaul integration (integrated access and backhaul, IAB) no
  • the network device may be a CU node, a DU node, or an access network device including a CU node and a DU node.
  • CU nodes can be divided into control plane (CU-CP) and user plane (CU-UP), wherein CU-CP is responsible for control plane functions, mainly including radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) and packet data convergence protocol. (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP)-C, PDCP-C is mainly responsible for encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, data transmission, etc.
  • CU-UP is responsible for the user plane function, mainly including SDAP and PDCP-U.
  • SDAP is mainly responsible for processing the data of the core network and mapping the flow to the bearer.
  • PDCP-U is mainly responsible for the encryption and decryption of the data plane. Integrity protection, header compression, serial number maintenance, data transfer, etc.
  • CU-CP and CU-UP can be connected through E1 interface.
  • CU-CP represents that the CU is connected to the core network through the Ng interface, and is connected to the DU through the F1-C (control plane).
  • CU-UP is connected through F1-U (user plane) and DU.
  • F1-C user plane
  • PDCP-C is also in CU-UP.
  • the core network equipment involved in the embodiments of this application refers to equipment in a core network (core network, CN) that provides service support for terminal equipment.
  • core network devices include: AMF entities, session management function (session management function, SMF) entities, user plane function (user plane function, UPF) entities, and the like.
  • the AMF entity is used for access management and mobility management of terminal equipment;
  • the SMF entity is used for session management, such as user session establishment;
  • entities in this application may also be referred to as network elements or functional entities, that is, AMF entities may also be referred to as AMF network elements or AMF functional entities, and SMF entities may also be referred to as SMF network elements or SMF functional entities.
  • the core network device may refer to the AMF.
  • the satellites involved in the embodiments of the present application refer to network devices located on the satellites.
  • the satellites may be low earth orbiting (LEO) or medium orbiting satellites or other network devices that move high in the sky.
  • LEO low earth orbiting
  • GEO geostationary earth orbiting
  • LEO low orbit satellites
  • medium orbit satellites according to their orbital heights.
  • high-orbit satellites can also be called stationary satellites. The operation speed of high-orbit satellites is the same as the rotation speed of the earth. Therefore, high-orbit satellites remain stationary relative to the ground.
  • Low-orbit satellites can also be called low-earth orbit satellites. Low-orbit satellites move relatively fast relative to the ground. Therefore, satellite cells formed by low-orbit satellites can move with the movement of satellites.
  • Medium-orbit satellites refer to satellites whose orbital altitude is between high-orbit satellites and low-orbit satellites.
  • system and “network” in the embodiments of the present application may be used interchangeably.
  • “Plurality” refers to two or more than two, and in view of this, “plurality” may also be understood as “at least two” in the embodiments of the present application.
  • “At least one” can be understood as one or more, such as one, two or more. For example, including at least one means including one, two or more, and does not limit which ones are included. For example, if at least one of A, B, and C is included, then A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C may be included. Similarly, the understanding of descriptions such as “at least one” is similar.
  • ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, sequence, priority, or importance of multiple objects. Moreover, the description of “first” and “second” does not limit the objects to be necessarily different.
  • the cell involved in the embodiment of the present application may be an NTN cell, and the cell in the present application is described in detail below by taking the NTN cell as a satellite cell as an example.
  • a satellite can indicate that it can support services of multiple countries/operators by broadcasting multiple PLMN information (such as PLMN identification information, etc.) and/or AMF information (such as AMF identification information, etc.), and the terminal device can According to the mapping relationship between the own location, the area information covered by the cell and the PLMN and/or AMF, determine the appropriate PLMN and/or AMF to access.
  • PLMN information such as PLMN identification information, etc.
  • AMF information such as AMF identification information, etc.
  • cell C covers the geographic areas of country A and country B. Wherein, country A corresponds to PLMN1 and/or AMF1, and country B corresponds to PLMN2 and/or AMF2, then cell C can broadcast the information of PLMN1 and/or AMF1 and the information of PLMN2 and/or AMF2.
  • country A corresponds to PLMN1 and/or AMF1 means that the PLMN of the management cell C deployed by country A is PLMN1, and/or the AMF connected to the access network equipment to which cell C belongs is AMF1;
  • country B corresponds to PLMN2 and/or Or AMF2 means that the PLMN of the management cell C deployed by the country B is PLMN2, and/or the AMF connected to the access network equipment to which the cell C belongs is AMF2.
  • UE1 can access cell C through PLMN1 and/or AMF1; in other words, when UE1 wants to access cell C, it can access cell C through PLMN1 and/or AMF1 Cell C; or, when UE1 wants to access cell C, UE1 can access the cell corresponding to PLMN1 and/or AMF1; or, when UE1 wants to access cell C, the access network equipment that UE1 can access is connected to The core network device is AMF1, and the access network device that UE1 can access belongs to PLMN1.
  • UE2 can access cell C through PLMN2 and/or AMF2; in other words, when UE2 wants to access cell C, it can access cell C through PLMN2 and/or AMF2
  • UE2 can access the cell corresponding to PLMN2 and/or AMF2; in other words, when UE2 wants to access cell C, the access network equipment that UE2 can access is The connected core network device is AMF2, and the access network device that UE2 can access belongs to PLMN2.
  • satellite cells can be divided into finer granularity, for example, the entire service coverage area of a satellite cell can be divided into multiple areas with regular or irregular shapes, which can be called virtual cells. Or virtual areas, so as to better fit the geographic areas of different countries or the service areas of different operators.
  • Different areas under the same satellite cell can correspond to different PLMNs and/or AMFs, so that multiple virtual cells are formed under the same satellite cell, and the mobility of terminal equipment can be effectively managed according to different areas.
  • the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to a cell handover scenario, where a terminal device may be handed over from a source network device to a target network device due to location movement, service change, network coverage change, or other reasons.
  • the source network device refers to the network device that the terminal device accesses before performing the handover, or the network device that provides services for the terminal device before the handover;
  • the target network device refers to the network device that the terminal device needs to switch to, or The network device that the terminal device accesses after the handover is successfully performed, or the network device that provides services for the terminal device after the handover is successful.
  • the source cell refers to the cell that the terminal device accesses before performing the handover, and the source cell is the cell covered by the source network device, or the source cell is the cell under the jurisdiction of the source network device, or the source cell belongs to the source network device.
  • the target cell refers to the cell accessed by the terminal device after performing handover, the target cell is a cell covered by the target network device, or the target cell is a cell under the jurisdiction of the target network device, or the target cell belongs to the target network device.
  • the above cell handover may be CHO.
  • the network eg, source network device
  • the network may configure one or more candidate target cells for the terminal device, and the candidate target cells may also be referred to as candidate cells for short.
  • the network may send the CHO configuration information corresponding to the multiple candidate target cells to the terminal device through one or more RRC messages.
  • the above-mentioned RRC message may be a newly defined message (such as CondRRCReconfiguration, or have other naming/expression forms, which are not limited) or reuse an existing RRC message (such as an RRC reconfiguration message).
  • the source network device may send an RRC message to the terminal device when the signal quality of the source link is good, and the RRC message may include CHO configuration information corresponding to at least one candidate target cell.
  • the CHO configuration information corresponding to a candidate target cell may include CHO execution condition information and related information of the candidate target cell.
  • the relevant information of the candidate target cell may include one or more of the following information: the candidate target cell is a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) allocated by the terminal equipment, and the candidate target cell is accessed.
  • Required random access channel (RACH) resource information index information corresponding to the candidate target cell (such as the measurement identifier measID corresponding to the cell and/or the CHO reconfiguration identifier CondReconfigId corresponding to the cell), the candidate target cell
  • CGI cell global identifier
  • PCI physical cell identifier
  • the candidate target cell The cell global identifier (CGI) of the candidate target cell, the physical cell identifier (PCI) of the candidate target cell, the frequency information corresponding to the candidate target cell, the physical layer configuration parameters corresponding to the candidate target cell, the media access control ( media access control, MAC) layer configuration parameters, radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer configuration parameters, packet data convergence (packet data convergence, PDCP) layer configuration parameters, service data adaptation protocol (service
  • the frequency information of the candidate target cell may include one or more of the following: the absolute frequency of the synchronization signal block (synchronization signal block, SSB) (such as absoluteFrequencySSB), the absolute frequency position of the reference resource module (common RBO) (such as absoluteFrequencyPointA ), frequency bandwidth list (such as frequencyBandList), and subcarrier spacing (SCS) specific carrier list (such as scs-SpecificCarrierList).
  • SSB synchronization signal block
  • common RBO such as absoluteFrequencyPointA
  • frequency bandwidth list such as frequencyBandList
  • SCS subcarrier spacing
  • the CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the CHO execution condition corresponding to the candidate target cell, and the CHO execution condition may also be referred to as a CHO trigger condition.
  • the CHO execution condition information may include the CHO execution event type and the corresponding threshold value.
  • Execution event types may include event A3, event A4, event A5, event B1, event B2, or other execution event types, and the like.
  • a candidate target cell can be configured with one or more CHO execution conditions.
  • a candidate target cell may be configured with one execution event type, but with at most two different trigger quantities, and at least two different threshold values for each trigger quantity, the trigger quantity being the signal quality of the cell, For example, it may include one or more of reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) .
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • RSRQ reference signal received quality
  • SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio
  • one candidate target cell may be configured with at least two different execution event types, and thresholds corresponding to each execution event type.
  • the CHO execution event types corresponding to different candidate target cells respectively and/or the threshold values corresponding to the execution event types may be the same or different, which are not limited.
  • the source cell, the target cell or the candidate target cell in this embodiment of the present application may be the NTN cell introduced above, such as a satellite cell. That is, the service coverage area of the source cell, the target cell or the candidate target cell may be divided into multiple areas, and different areas may correspond to different PLMNs and/or different AMFs to form different virtual cells.
  • FIG. 4 exemplarily shows the handover process under the CHO mechanism.
  • the source base station configures two candidate target cells for the UE, and the two candidate target cells are managed by candidate target base station 1 and candidate target base station 2 respectively.
  • the handover process may include: in step S401, the source base station delivers a measurement configuration to the UE, and correspondingly receives a measurement report reported by the UE in step S402.
  • the source base station and the candidate target base station 1 perform CHO handover preparation
  • the source base station may send a handover request message to the candidate target base station 1, and receive a handover request confirmation message from the candidate target base station 1, the The CHO configuration information of the candidate target cell 1 may be included in the handover request confirmation message.
  • the source base station and the candidate target base station 2 perform CHO handover preparation, the source base station may send a handover request message to the candidate target base station 2, and receive a handover request confirmation message from the candidate target base station 2, the The CHO configuration information of the candidate target cell 2 may be included in the handover request confirmation message.
  • the source base station may send an RRC message to the UE, where the RRC message includes the CHO configuration information corresponding to the candidate target cell 1 and the candidate target cell 2 respectively. Further, in step S406, after the UE receives the RRC message, it can judge whether the respective CHO execution conditions of the candidate target cell 1 and the candidate target cell 2 are satisfied according to the respective CHO configuration information of the candidate target cell 1 and the candidate target cell 2 , and the cell that satisfies the CHO execution condition in candidate target cell 1 and candidate target cell 2 is taken as the target cell. Subsequently, the UE may initiate random access to the base station to which the target cell belongs, so as to access the target cell.
  • the UE may perform a random access process with the candidate target base station 1 (ie, the target base station). After the random access process is successful, in step S408, the UE may send The candidate target base station 1 (ie, the target base station) sends an RRC reconfiguration complete message. It can be understood that after the UE determines that the candidate target cell 1 is the target cell, the candidate target base station may also be referred to as a target base station. It should be noted that FIG. 4 is only an example of the CHO process, and the CHO process may have other modifications, which are not limited in this application. The steps in FIG. 4 may be optionally performed, and the order of execution between the steps may be changed.
  • the UE may judge whether the CHO execution condition is satisfied according to the CHO configuration information.
  • the CHO execution event type configured for the candidate target cell 1 is an A3 event
  • the trigger amount is the signal quality of the cell
  • the corresponding threshold value is the first threshold
  • the signal quality may include one or more of RSRP, RSRQ and SINR, for example, the signal quality may include RSRP and RSRQ, or include RSRP and SINR, or include other parameters, which is not limited.
  • each of them can be considered as a separate trigger quantity, for example, when the signal quality includes RSRP and RSRQ, RSRP can be considered as one trigger quantity and RSRQ is another trigger quantity .
  • the corresponding first threshold may be the same or different, which is not limited.
  • candidate target cell 1 configure the A3 event and configure two trigger quantities, namely RSRP and RSRQ, the configured first threshold corresponding to RSRP is E, and the configured first threshold corresponding to RSRQ is F, then when the RSRP of the candidate target cell 1 is higher than the RSRP of the serving cell by E, and the RSRQ of the candidate target cell 1 is higher than the RSRQ of the serving cell by F, it can be considered that the candidate target cell 1 satisfies the CHO execution condition, and the candidate target cell 1 can be used. Determined as the target cell.
  • the CHO execution event type configured for the candidate target cell 1 is an A5 event
  • the trigger amount is the signal quality of the cell
  • the corresponding configured thresholds are the second threshold and the third threshold
  • the CHO execution event types configured for the candidate target cell 1 are A3 events and A5 events
  • the trigger amount configured for the A3 event is RSRP
  • the corresponding threshold value configured for the A3 event is the first threshold
  • the configured trigger quantity is RSRQ
  • the corresponding thresholds configured for the A5 event are the second threshold and the third threshold
  • the use of the CHO mechanism in the NTN communication system has obvious gains.
  • the network device can know the ephemeris, for example, which cell/base station serves the terminal device at a specific geographic location, or a specific segment Which cell/base station serves the terminal equipment during the time period. Therefore, the CHO mechanism in the NTN communication system can introduce a criterion for judging whether the CHO execution condition is satisfied according to time information and location information.
  • the CHO mechanism of the NTN communication system may have the following three types of CHO execution condition information:
  • the CHO execution condition information may include a CHO execution event type and a corresponding threshold value.
  • a CHO execution event type For details, please refer to the relevant introduction about the CHO execution condition information above.
  • the CHO execution condition information may be geographic location information.
  • the geographic location information may be the geographic location information of the terminal device on the ground.
  • the CHO execution condition information may include longitude and latitude values, which may be used to determine a certain area or a certain fixed point. , when the geographic location of the terminal device satisfies the longitude and latitude requirements, for example, when the terminal device moves to the area indicated by the longitude and latitude value or to a fixed point position, the terminal device can perform handover.
  • the geographic location information can be the distance between the terminal device and the satellite, for example, the CHO execution condition information can include the distance threshold value, when the distance between the terminal device and the satellite reaches the threshold value , the UE can perform handover.
  • the geographic location information may be global positioning system (GPS) information or timing advance (TA) or other information, in this embodiment, a candidate target cell It may correspond to one or more CHO execution condition information, and the candidate cell has corresponding relevant information (ie, relevant information of the candidate target cell), and the CHO execution condition information corresponding to different candidate target cells may be the same or different, which is not limited.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • TA timing advance
  • the CHO execution condition information may be time information.
  • the CHO execution condition information may be an absolute time value, such as a value at a specific moment (such as 12:00 in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)) or a value in a specific time period. (such as UTC 12:00-UTC 13:00)), that is, when the absolute time arrives, the terminal device can perform handover.
  • the CHO execution condition information may be a relative time value, such as the valid duration of the timer, that is, after the terminal device receives the RRC message containing the CHO configuration information, it starts the timer, and when the timer is valid When the time period expires, the terminal device can perform handover.
  • one candidate cell may correspond to one or more pieces of CHO execution condition information, and the candidate target cell has corresponding relevant information (that is, relevant information of the candidate target cell), and the CHO execution conditions corresponding to different candidate target cells
  • the information can be the same or different.
  • CHO execution condition information When the network performs CHO configuration, at least one of the above three types of CHO execution condition information may be configured as CHO execution condition information.
  • the CHO execution event type, the corresponding threshold value, and the absolute time value can be configured as the CHO execution condition information, then when the absolute time arrives and the signal quality of the corresponding candidate target cell satisfies the condition, the terminal device can use the candidate The target cell is determined as the target cell, and handover is performed.
  • the terminal device and/or the network device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application, these steps or operations are only examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also perform other operations or various operations deformation.
  • various steps may be performed in different orders presented in the embodiments of the present application, and may not be required to perform all the operations in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application use PLMN and AMF entities as examples to describe the involved methods, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to PLMN and AMF entities.
  • the PLMN may also be other communication networks, and the AMF entity may also be other entities or devices that can implement mobility management functions, or entities or devices that implement similar functions in the communication network.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method includes:
  • Step S501 the candidate target network device sends the first information of the candidate target cell to the source network device, the first information includes the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information;
  • the first information further includes the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the first CHO configuration information corresponding to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information
  • the source network device may receive the first information of the candidate target cell from the candidate target network device.
  • the content of the first information may have the following multiple possible situations:
  • the first information includes the first PLMN information and the second PLMN information, and the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first PLMN information, the second CHO configuration information corresponding to the second PLMN information and Second area information.
  • the first information includes the first AMF information and the second AMF information, and the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first AMF information, and the second CHO configuration information corresponding to the second AMF information and Second area information.
  • the first information includes the first PLMN information and the first AMF information, the second PLMN information and the second AMF information, and the first CHO configuration information and the first area corresponding to the first PLMN information and the first AMF information information, the second CHO configuration information and the second area information corresponding to the second PLMN information and the second AMF information.
  • the first information includes the first PLMN information and the second AMF information, and the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first PLMN information, and the second CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the second AMF information. 2. Regional information.
  • the first information includes the first AMF information and the second PLMN information, and the first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the first AMF information, the second CHO configuration information corresponding to the second PLMN information and Second area information.
  • the first information will include the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the second PLMN information and/or the first information hereinafter.
  • Two representations of AMF information to illustrate the method provided by this application.
  • Step S502 The source network device sends the first information of the candidate target cell to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may receive the first information of the candidate target cell from the source network device.
  • the candidate target cell is a cell that supports the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information
  • the candidate target network device is the network that manages the candidate target cell equipment.
  • the network equipment refers to the wireless access network equipment on the ground.
  • the network equipment refers to the wireless access network equipment or satellite deployed on the satellite, the satellite has the function of the wireless access network equipment, or the wireless access network equipment is embedded on the satellite.
  • the first PLMN information is used to indicate the first PLMN
  • the second PLMN information is used to indicate the second PLMN.
  • the first PLMN information corresponds to the first PLMN
  • the second PLMN information corresponds to the second PLMN.
  • the first PLMN information may include the identity of the first PLMN
  • the second PLMN information may include the identity of the second PLMN. That is, the PLMN information described in the embodiments of this application may be represented by a PLMN identifier (eg, PLMN-identifier).
  • the first AMF information is used to indicate the first AMF
  • the second AMF information is used to indicate the second AMF.
  • the first AMF information corresponds to the first AMF
  • the second AMF information corresponds to the second AMF
  • the first AMF information may include the identity of the first AMF, or the identity of the first AMF and the identity of the first PLMN
  • the second AMF information may include the identity of the second AMF, or the identity of the second AMF and the identity of the second AMF.
  • the identity of the PLMN That is, the AMF information described in the embodiments of this application may be identified by an AMF identifier (eg, AMF-identifier), or a combination of an AMF identifier (eg, AMF-identifier) and a PLMN identifier (eg, PLMN-identifier) Express.
  • the candidate target cell may be a cell that supports geographic areas covering multiple countries or service areas of multiple operators.
  • the candidate target cell may cover the geographic areas of country A (or operator A) and country B (or operator B), wherein country A (or operator A) may correspond to the first PLMN or the first AMF, and country B (or operator B) may correspond to the second PLMN or the second AMF.
  • country A (or operator A) may correspond to the first PLMN or the first AMF
  • country B (or operator B) may correspond to the second PLMN or the second AMF.
  • the PLMN deployed by country A (or operator A) that manages the candidate target cell is the first PLMN, and the AMF is the first AMF
  • the PLMN deployed by country B (or operator B) that manages the candidate target cell is the first PLMN Second PLMN
  • AMF is the second AMF.
  • the area covered by country A (or operator A) in the candidate target cell is denoted as the first area
  • the area covered by country B (or operator B) in the candidate target cell is denoted as the first area.
  • the second area it can be considered that the candidate target cell covers the first area and the second area, wherein the first area corresponds to the first PLMN and/or the first AMF, and the second area corresponds to the second PLMN and/or the second area AMF corresponds.
  • the first area information is used to indicate the geographic location/range of the first area
  • the second area information is used to indicate the geographic location/range of the second area.
  • the area information can be represented by one or more geographic location information among longitude information, latitude information and altitude information, or can be combined on the basis of one or more information among longitude information, latitude information and altitude information.
  • It can be represented by other parameters (such as diameter/radius information), or it can also be represented by an area identifier (such as ID or index), where the area identifier and the specific geographic location/range of the area it represents (such as longitude information, latitude information and altitude) There is a mapping relationship between the location/range represented by the information), and the mapping relationship may be agreed in the protocol or sent by the network device to the terminal device through a system message, an RRC message, or a layer 2 message, which is not limited in this application.
  • the area information may also adopt other representation forms, such as the name or logo of the administrative area, etc., which is not limited in this application.
  • the candidate target network device may separately configure CHO configuration information for different PLMNs and/or AMFs in the candidate target cell.
  • the first CHO configuration information may correspond to the first PLMN and/or the first AMF
  • the second CHO configuration information may correspond to the second PLMN and/or the second AMF.
  • the first CHO configuration information may include first CHO execution condition information, where the first CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the CHO execution condition of the candidate target cell and the first PLMN and/or the first AMF (which may be referred to as the first CHO). execution conditions).
  • the first CHO execution condition may be one or more of a signal quality-based CHO execution condition, a time/timer-based CHO execution condition, or a location-based CHO execution condition.
  • the first CHO execution condition information may include one or more of signal quality-based execution condition information, time/timer-based execution condition information, or location-based execution condition information.
  • the second CHO configuration information may include second CHO execution condition information, where the second CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the CHO execution condition of the candidate target cell corresponding to the second PLMN and/or the second AMF (which can be referred to as Execute the condition for the second CHO).
  • the second CHO execution condition may be one or more of a signal quality-based CHO execution condition, a time/timer-based CHO execution condition, or a location-based CHO execution condition.
  • the second CHO execution condition information may include one or more of signal quality-based execution condition information, or time/timer-based execution condition information, or location-based execution condition information.
  • the content included in the first CHO configuration information and the content included in the second CHO configuration information may be completely the same or partially the same or completely different.
  • the RACH resource information included in the first CHO configuration information and the RACH resource information included in the second CHO configuration information may be the same or different, and the RACH resource information may include a preamble (such as a preamble index), time-frequency resources, etc., Therefore, the different information of the two RACH resources may refer to different preambles and/or different time-frequency resources.
  • the first CHO execution condition information included in the first CHO configuration information and the second CHO execution condition information included in the second CHO configuration information may be the same or different.
  • the key information/parameters for the terminal equipment to access the candidate target cell included in the first CHO configuration information and the key information for the terminal equipment to access the candidate target cell included in the second CHO configuration information /parameters can be the same or different.
  • the source network device and the candidate target network device may respectively perform the CHO preparation process for the first PLMN and/or the first AMF, and the second PLMN and/or the second AMF of the candidate target cell, and report to the terminal device
  • the content related to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information and the content related to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information of the candidate target cell are respectively sent.
  • the following describes the CHO preparation process between the network device (eg, source network device, candidate target network device) and the first PLMN and/or the first AMF in detail.
  • the network device eg, source network device, candidate target network device
  • the source network device can communicate with the candidate target network device through the directly connected communication interface. Interaction, perform CHO preparation, and obtain the corresponding CHO configuration information. At this time, the switching process can be called the CHO process based on the Xn interface.
  • the source base station may directly send a handover request message to the candidate target base station.
  • the candidate target base station may perform admission control/handover preparation according to the handover request message.
  • the candidate target base station can perform processing such as resource configuration and configuration of CHO configuration information. Further, in step S703, the candidate target base station may send a handover request confirmation message to the source base station, where the handover request confirmation message includes the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information The first CHO configuration information and the first area information corresponding to the AMF information, where the first area information is used to indicate the first area covered by the candidate target cell.
  • the source network device may indirectly communicate with the source network device through the communication interface between the radio access network device and the core network device Perform information exchange with candidate target network devices, that is, perform CHO preparation through intermediate forwarding of core network devices.
  • the core network device may be, for example, an AMF
  • the communication interface between the radio access network device and the core network device may be, for example, an NG interface.
  • the handover process may be referred to as an NG interface-based CHO process. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG.
  • the source base station may send a first handover request message to the source AMF, where the source AMF refers to To manage the AMF of the source base station, the first handover request message may be a HO required message or have other names and is not limited.
  • the source AMF may send a second handover request message to the target AMF1, where the target AMF1 refers to the AMF that manages the candidate target base station, and may be the first AMF described above Or the AMF corresponding to the first PLMN, the second handover request message may be a Namf_Communication_CreatUEContext Request message or has other names and is not limited.
  • the target AMF1 after receiving the second handover request message, the target AMF1 can send a third handover request message to the candidate target base station, and the third handover request message can be a HO request message or has other names and is not limited.
  • the candidate target base station may perform admission control/handover preparation for the handover of the UE based on the third request message. If the candidate target base station decides to accept the handover request, the candidate target base station can perform processing such as resource configuration and configuration of CHO configuration information. Furthermore, in step S805, the candidate target base station may send a third handover response message to the target AMF1, where the third handover response message may be a HO requestACK message or have other names without limitation.
  • step S806 after the target AMF1 receives the third handover response message, it can send a second handover response message to the source AMF, and the second handover response message can be a Namf_Communication_CreatUEContext Response message or has other names and is not limited.
  • step S807 after the source AMF receives the second handover response message, it can send the first handover response message to the source base station, where the first handover response message can be a HO command message or has other names and is not limited.
  • the third handover response message, the second handover response message and the first handover response message may include the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the first CHO corresponding to the first PLMN and/or the first AMF. configuration information and first area information, where the first area information is used to indicate the first area covered by the candidate target cell. It should be noted that the source AMF and the target AMF1 may be the same or different, which is not limited.
  • the source network device obtains the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information of the candidate target cell from the candidate target network device, and the first CHO configuration information and the first CHO configuration information corresponding to the first PLMN and/or the first AMF.
  • the source network device may send a first RRC message to the terminal device, where the first RRC message includes the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information of the candidate target cell, and the first PLMN and/or the first AMF information.
  • the network device eg, source network device, candidate target network device
  • the network devices eg, source network device, candidate target network device
  • the implementation of the CHO preparation process between the first PLMN and/or the first AMF will not be described herein again.
  • the source network device obtains the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information of the candidate target cell from the candidate target network device, and the second CHO configuration information and the second CHO configuration information corresponding to the second PLMN and/or the second AMF.
  • the source network device may send a second RRC message to the terminal device, where the second RRC message includes the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information of the candidate target cell, and the second PLMN and/or the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information.
  • the second RRC message and the first RRC message above may be the same RRC message, or may be different RRC messages, which are not limited in this application. That is, when the candidate target cell is an NTN cell that supports multiple PLMNs and/or multiple AMFs, the source network device may send the multiple PLMNs and/or multiple PLMNs and/or multiple AMFs of the candidate target cell to the terminal device through one or more RRC messages.
  • the candidate target network device sends the first information of the candidate target cell to the source network device in steps S501 and S502
  • the source network device sends the candidate target cell to the terminal device.
  • the first information of the first information but the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the situation where all the content included in the first information is carried as a whole in an RRC message and sent, the different PLMN information and/or AMF information in the first information, and
  • the corresponding CHO configuration information and area information can be sent through different RRC messages respectively, which is more in line with the concept of independent management and configuration of different PLMNs and/or AMFs supported by the candidate target network device.
  • the source network device may configure one or more candidate target cells for the terminal device.
  • a candidate target cell configured by the source network device for the terminal device is used as an example for description.
  • the other candidate target cells configured by the source network device for the terminal device may also be NTN cells covering geographic areas of multiple countries or service areas of multiple operators (ie, NTN cells supporting multiple PLMNs and/or AMFs) , or not, no limitation.
  • other candidate target cells configured by the source network device for the terminal device and the candidate target cells exemplified in the embodiments of the present application may belong to the same network device or may belong to different network devices, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the source network device may also obtain the CHO configuration information of the other candidate target cells from the other candidate target network devices, and use the other candidate target cells' CHO configuration information.
  • the CHO configuration information is carried in the third RRC message and sent to the terminal device. That is, the source network device may send a third RRC message to the terminal device, where the third RRC message includes CHO configuration information corresponding to other candidate target cells.
  • the other candidate target cell may also be a candidate cell supporting multiple PLMNs and/or AMFs, or may not be, which is not limited.
  • the third RRC message may further include PLMN information and/or AMF information corresponding to the CHO configuration information of the other candidate target cells, and Regional information.
  • the third RRC message and the first RRC message may be the same RRC message, or may be different RRC messages, which is not limited.
  • the third RRC message and the second RRC message may be the same RRC message, or may be different RRC messages, which is not limited.
  • Step S503 the terminal device determines the target cell and the target PLMN information and/or the target AMF information according to the first information and the area where it is currently located.
  • the terminal device may determine that the candidate target cell is the target cell, and determine the first PLMN information as the target PLMN information, and/or, determine that the first AMF information is the target AMF information.
  • the terminal device may determine the candidate.
  • the target cell is the target cell
  • the first PLMN information is determined as the target PLMN information
  • the first AMF information is determined as the target AMF information.
  • the target PLMN information is used to indicate the target PLMN
  • the target AMF information is used to indicate the target AMF, or in other words, the target PLMN information corresponds to the target PLMN, and the target AMF information corresponds to the target AMF.
  • the terminal device may further determine that the first area is a target area, and the target PLMN information and/or target AMF information are PLMN information and/or AMF information corresponding to the target area.
  • the terminal device can determine the first CHO execution condition in the first CHO configuration information and the second CHO configuration information in the first CHO configuration information. Determine whether the second CHO execution condition of the terminal device is satisfied, and determine the target cell, target PLMN and/or target AMF in combination with the location of the terminal device (such as the current area), the PLMN and/or AMF supported by the terminal device, etc.
  • the first area can also be understood as an area that overlaps with the area to which the location of the terminal device belongs in one or more areas in the candidate target cell that satisfy the CHO execution condition. Further, if the terminal equipment located in the first area can determine the cell that satisfies the CHO execution condition as the target cell, it is required that the terminal equipment must be able to support the first PLMN and/or the first AMF corresponding to the first area. The device may also support the second AMF and/or the second PLMN at the same time, which is not limited. If the terminal device does not support the first AMF and/or the first PLMN, even if the cell satisfies the corresponding CHO execution condition, it cannot be determined as the target cell.
  • a possible implementation is, if the first CHO execution condition in the first CHO configuration information is satisfied, and the terminal device is currently located in the first area, the terminal device supports the first PLMN and/or corresponding to the first area. or the first AMF, the terminal device may determine the candidate target cell as the target cell, and determine the first PLMN as the target PLMN, and/or determine the first AMF as the target AMF.
  • the terminal device may determine the candidate target cell as the target cell, and determine the first PLMN as the target PLMN, and/or determine the first AMF as the target cell target AMF.
  • the first area is only an example. If the second CHO execution condition in the second CHO configuration information is satisfied, and the terminal equipment is currently located in the second area, the terminal equipment supports the second PLMN and the corresponding second area. /or the second AMF, the terminal device may determine the candidate target cell as the target cell, and the second PLMN as the target PLMN, and/or determine the second AMF as the target AMF. Optionally, the second area may be determined as the target area. In this case, for the related processing of the second area, reference may be made to the above-mentioned related description of the first area, and details are not repeated here.
  • the terminal device may, according to the current location, determine the candidate target cell under the jurisdiction of the PLMN and/or AMF that the location (or the area to which the location belongs) supports/allows the terminal device to access as the target cell.
  • UE1 determines that the cell1 corresponding to the first CHO configuration information satisfies the CHO execution condition, and the cell1 corresponding to the second CHO configuration information also satisfies the CHO execution condition.
  • UE1 can determine that it is in the first area according to its geographical location, and the first area corresponds to PLMN1 and the first CHO configuration information, because the first area supports/allows UE1 to access If the PLMN and/or AMF are PLMN1 and/or AMF1, UE1 may determine cell1 corresponding to the first CHO configuration information as the target cell, PLMN1 as the target PLMN, and AMF1 as the target AMF. Optionally, UE1 may also determine the first area as the target area.
  • UE2 supports PLMN1 and PLMN2
  • UE2 determines that the cell1 corresponding to the second CHO configuration information satisfies the CHO execution condition information after judging the CHO execution condition
  • UE2 can determine that it is in the second area according to its geographical location.
  • PLMN and/or AMF that supports/allows UE2 to access in the second area are PLMN2 and/or AMF2
  • UE2 can determine cell1 corresponding to the second CHO configuration information as the target cell and PLMN2 as the target PLMN, identifying AMF2 as the target AMF.
  • UE2 determines that the cell1 corresponding to the first CHO configuration information satisfies the CHO execution condition information, and the cell1 corresponding to the second CHO configuration information also satisfies the CHO execution condition information. , UE2 can determine that it is in the second area according to its geographic location.
  • UE2 can use the second CHO
  • the cell1 corresponding to the configuration information is determined as the target cell
  • the PLMN2 is determined as the target PLMN
  • the AMF2 is determined as the target AMF.
  • UE2 may also determine the second area as the target area.
  • Step S504 the terminal device sends a first message to the target network device, where the first message is used to indicate that the terminal device has successfully handed over to the target cell, and the first message includes target PLMN information and/or target AMF information.
  • the target network device may receive the first message from the terminal device.
  • the network device that manages the candidate target cell is referred to as the candidate target network device, or in other words, the network device to which the candidate target cell belongs is the candidate target network device.
  • the candidate target network device may be referred to as the target network device, that is, the target network device is the network device to which the candidate target cell determined as the target cell belongs.
  • the target cell supports the first PLMN and/or the first AMF, and supports the second PLMN and/or the second AMF; in other words, the target cell accesses the first PLMN and/or the first AMF, and accesses the first PLMN and/or the first AMF.
  • Two PLMNs and/or a second AMF in other words, the target cell belongs to the first PLMN, the core network equipment connected to the target cell is the first AMF, and the target cell also belongs to the second PLMN, and the target cell is connected to the first AMF.
  • the core network device is the second AMF; or, the target cell is managed by the first PLMN and/or the first AMF, and managed by the second PLMN and/or the second AMF.
  • the target PLMN information and/or the target AMF information may be the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, or the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information.
  • the first message may also include one or more of the following information: identification information of the target cell (such as PCI and/or C-RNTI, or CGI), index information corresponding to the target cell (such as the The measurement identifier (measID) corresponding to the target cell and/or the CHO configuration identifier (CondReconfigId) corresponding to the target cell, and the CHO configuration information corresponding to the target PLMN or target AMF, except for the index information and identification information corresponding to the target cell. information, area information corresponding to the target PLMN or target AMF.
  • identification information of the target cell such as PCI and/or C-RNTI, or CGI
  • index information corresponding to the target cell such as the The measurement identifier (measID) corresponding to the target cell and/or the CHO configuration identifier (CondReconfigId) corresponding to the target cell
  • the CHO configuration information corresponding to the target PLMN or target AMF except for the index information and identification information corresponding to the target cell.
  • the first cell is a candidate target cell
  • the first cell may be one of multiple candidate target cells configured by the source network device for the terminal device, and if the terminal device determines the first cell as the target cell, And the first PLMN to which the first cell belongs is determined as the target PLMN, and/or, after the first AMF that manages the first cell is determined as the target AMF, the terminal device can report to the network device to which the first cell belongs (that is, The target network device) sends a first message, where the first message includes at least one of the following: first PLMN information, first AMF information, identification information of the first cell (such as the PCI and/or C-RNTI of the first cell, or CGI), one or more of the first CHO configuration information of the first cell, the first CHO configuration information includes index information corresponding to the first cell (such as measurement identifier measID and/or CHO configuration identifier CondReconfigId), Area information corresponding to the first PLMN information or the first AMF information.
  • the network device to which the first cell belongs may be referred to as a candidate target network device before the first cell is determined as the target cell, and after the first cell is determined as the target cell, the network to which the first cell belongs A device may be referred to as a target network device.
  • the first message may be a handover confirmation (such as HO confirm) message, or have another name, which is not limited in this application.
  • the key information/parameters for accessing the candidate target cell included in the first CHO configuration information and the key information/parameters for accessing the candidate target cell included in the second CHO configuration information may be the same or Differently, the RACH resource information included in the first CHO configuration information and the RACH resource information included in the second CHO configuration information may also be the same or different.
  • the preambles may be different and/or the time-frequency resources may be different, if the terminal device uses the candidate target cell It is determined as the target cell, the first PLMN is determined as the target PLMN, and the first AMF is determined as the target AMF, then when the terminal device sends the first message to the network device (that is, the target network device) to which the candidate target cell belongs, it can be The first message is encrypted by using the first key corresponding to the first CHO configuration information, so that the security of the transmission of the first message can be effectively improved.
  • the first CHO configuration information may include first key information, and the terminal device may determine the first key according to the
  • the target network device can The RACH resource used when the device initiates random access, it is determined that the terminal device selects the first CHO configuration information, or it is determined that the target PLMN selected by the terminal device is the first PLMN or the selected target AMF is the first AMF, and then use The corresponding first key decrypts the first message, and the first key may be the key indicated by the first key information in the first CHO configuration information.
  • the terminal device can send two first messages to the target network device, one of which uses the first CHO configuration information
  • the corresponding first key is encrypted, and the other first message is encrypted by using the second key corresponding to the second CHO configuration information. In this way, the security of the first message transmission can be effectively improved.
  • the first CHO configuration information may include first key information
  • the second CHO configuration information may include second key information
  • the terminal device may determine the first key according to the first key information
  • the second key is determined according to the second key information.
  • the target network device may use the first key to decrypt the two first messages, and/or use the second key to decrypt the two first messages. It can be seen that in this situation, regardless of whether the terminal device uses the first key or the second key to encrypt the first message, the target network device can decrypt the first message to obtain the information therein.
  • the terminal device may also use the key corresponding to the first CHO configuration information or the key corresponding to the second CHO configuration information.
  • the key encrypts the first message.
  • the target network device cannot determine the encryption key of the first message according to the RACH resource information used when the terminal device performs random access, but because the terminal device uses one of the If the key corresponding to the CHO configuration information encrypts the first message, the target network device can use the keys corresponding to different CHO configuration information (that is, the key corresponding to the first CHO configuration information and the key corresponding to the second CHO configuration information. key) to perform a decryption attempt, and in turn, the target network device can successfully decrypt the first message.
  • the target network device may send a second message to the target AMF, where the second message is used to notify the target AMF that the terminal device has completed the handover.
  • the second message may be a handover notification (HO notify) message or have another name, which is not limited in this application.
  • HO notify handover notification
  • the target AMF here may refer to the first AMF.
  • the target network device can be managed by multiple AMFs (such as the first AMF and the second AMF described above), after the target network device receives the first message from the terminal device, the target network device can The target AMF selected by the terminal device is determined according to the first message. If the target network device determines that the target AMF is the first AMF, the target network device may send a third message to the second AMF, where the third message is used to instruct the second AMF to release the connection established by the second AMF for the terminal device, so The connection refers to the connection between the second AMF and the target network device established by the second AMF for the terminal device.
  • AMFs such as the first AMF and the second AMF described above
  • the third message may include a connection release reason value, for example, the connection release reason value is used to indicate that the connection release reason is location abnormality or AMF unavailable.
  • the second AMF refers to an AMF or a non-target AMF that is used to manage the target network device but does not allow the terminal device to access.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device determines the first PLMN as the target PLMN and determines the first AMF as the target AMF, the terminal device can also release the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and release the second CHO configuration information. and second area information.
  • the target network device may also send a fourth message to the terminal device, where the fourth message is used to instruct the terminal device to release the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and the corresponding second CHO configuration information and second area information , correspondingly, after receiving the fourth message, the terminal device may release the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and release the second CHO configuration information and the second area information.
  • the terminal device can delete or release unnecessary configuration information or resources in time, thereby effectively improving resource utilization.
  • the embodiments of this application are described by taking the first AMF and the second AMF as examples.
  • the target network device When the target cell or the target network device is managed by more AMFs, the target network device The AMFs all send a third message to instruct these AMFs to release the connection established for the terminal device.
  • the above technical solution provides a CHO mechanism when a cell covering the geographic areas of multiple countries or service areas of multiple operators is configured as a candidate target cell of the terminal device. Since the terminal device can determine the target cell, the target PLMN and/or the target AMF from the configured candidate target cells according to the cell that satisfies the CHO execution condition, its own location, and the PLMN and/or AMF it supports, the above technology is adopted. The solution can effectively improve the reliability of handover.
  • S-gNB represents the source base station
  • S-AMF represents the source AMF
  • T-gNB represents the target base station, which can also be called candidate T-gNB
  • T-AMF1 represents the target AMF1
  • T-AMF2 represents the target AMF2.
  • the S-gNB can configure a cell under the T-gNB as the candidate target cell of the UE.
  • T-AMF1 is the AMF that manages the virtual cell corresponding to PLMN1 in the candidate target cell
  • T-AMF2 is the management The AMF of the virtual cell corresponding to PLMN2 in the candidate target cell, that is, the candidate target cell is a cell supporting PLMN1 and PLMN2, or the candidate target cell is a cell supporting T-AMF1 and T-AMF2.
  • the core network devices to which the candidate target cell can be connected are T-AMF1 and/or T-AMF2, and the candidate target cell belongs to PLMN1 and/or PLMN2.
  • the candidate target cell is managed by T-AMF1/T-AMF2/PLMN1/PLMN2. As shown in Fig.
  • step S901-a S-gNB performs CHO preparation with T-gNB through S-AMF and T-AMF1. Similarly, in step S901-b, S-gNB conducts CHO preparation with T-gNB through S-AMF and T-AMF2.
  • the S-gNB may send first CHO configuration information to the UE, where the first CHO configuration information includes first CHO execution condition information.
  • the S-gNB may send second CHO configuration information to the UE, where the second CHO configuration information includes second CHO execution condition information.
  • the first CHO configuration information and the second CHO configuration information may be sent in the same RRC message, or may be sent in different RRC messages, which is not limited.
  • the UE may determine whether the CHO execution condition is satisfied according to the first CHO configuration information and the second CHO configuration information. If the UE is located in the area corresponding to PLMN1, the UE supports PLMN1, and the first CHO execution condition is satisfied, the UE can determine that the candidate target cell is the target cell, PLMN1 is the target PLMN, and T-AMF1 is the target AMF.
  • the UE may send a handover confirmation message to the T-gNB, and the handover notification message is used to notify the T-gNB that the UE has successfully handed over to the target cell, and the handover confirmation message includes the target PLMN information and/or AMF Information (ie information of PLMN1 and/or information of T-AMF1).
  • the T-gNB may send a handover notification message to the T-AMF1, where the handover notification message is used to notify the T-AMF1 that the UE has completed the handover.
  • the T-gNB may send a connection release message to the T-AMF2 (ie, the non-target AMF), where the connection release message is used to instruct the T-AMF2 to release the connection between the T-AMF2 and the T-gNB established for the UE
  • the connection release message includes the connection release reason, such as abnormal location or T-AMF2 is unavailable or T-AMF2 does not match the UE location.
  • the T-AMF1 and the S-AMF shown in FIG. 9 may be the same or different, and the T-AMF2 and the S-AMF may be the same or different, which are not limited. It should be noted that T-AMF1 is not the same as T-AMF2.
  • the S-gNB and the T-gNB may be one base station or different base stations, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the target network device in this embodiment of the present application may be in a separate form including a CU node and a DU node.
  • the CU node as the message/information receiver can send part or all of the received information to the DU node, for example, the target The CU node may send part or all of the information contained in the received first message to the target DU node.
  • the target CU node is the CU node of the target network device
  • the target DU node is the DU node of the target network device.
  • the CU-CP node as the message/information receiver can send some or all of the received information.
  • the CU-UP node may send part or all of the information contained in the received first message to the target CU-UP node.
  • the terminal device in this embodiment of the present application may be in a separate form including a CU node and a DU node.
  • the CU node in the terminal device may also be divided into a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP).
  • CU-CP control plane
  • CU-UP user plane
  • the terminal device is in a separate form including a CU node and a DU node, or if the CU node of the further terminal device includes a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP)
  • CU-CP control plane
  • CU-UP user plane
  • the party's CU node (or CU-CP node) may send some or all of the received information to the DU node (or CU-UP node).
  • DU node or CU-UP node
  • the above technical solution provides an information exchange method in the CU-DU scenario, so that the sending/receiving nodes can exchange information in a reasonable and timely manner, ensure the normal progress of the CHO process, and improve the reliability of the system.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1000 includes a transceiver module 1010 and a processing module 1020 .
  • the communication apparatus may be used to implement the functions related to the terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device, such as a handheld terminal device or a vehicle-mounted terminal device; the communication device may also be a chip or circuit included in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device, such as various types of vehicles.
  • the transceiver module 1010 is configured to receive the first information of the candidate target cell from the source network equipment, the first information about the target cell.
  • the information includes the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information; wherein, the first information also includes the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information corresponding to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information.
  • the first area information is used to indicate the candidate target cell coverage
  • the first area, the second area information is used to indicate the second area covered by the candidate target cell;
  • the processing module 1020 is used to, according to the first information and the area where it is currently located, determine the target cell and the target PLMN information and/or target AMF information.
  • the processing module 1020 is specifically configured to, if the first CHO execution condition in the first CHO configuration information is satisfied and the terminal device is currently located in the first area, the terminal device can determine the candidate target The cell is the target cell, and the first PLMN information is determined as the target PLMN information, and/or the first AMF information is determined as the target AMF information.
  • the processing module 1020 is specifically configured to, if both the first CHO execution condition in the first CHO configuration information and the second CHO execution condition in the second CHO configuration information are satisfied, and the terminal device is currently Located in the first area, the terminal device may determine the candidate target cell as the target cell, determine the first PLMN information as the target PLMN information, and/or determine the first AMF information as the target AMF information.
  • the transceiver module 1010 is further configured to send a first message to the target network device, where the first message is used to indicate that the terminal device has been successfully handed over to the target cell, and the first message includes the target PLMN information and/or target AMF information, where the target network device is a network device that manages the target cell.
  • the first message further includes identification information of the target cell and index information corresponding to the target cell.
  • the first message may use the first CHO configuration information corresponding to the first CHO configuration information. key to encrypt.
  • the transceiver module 1010 is specifically configured to send two messages to the target network device.
  • the first message is encrypted by using the first key corresponding to the first CHO configuration information
  • the other first message is encrypted by using the second key corresponding to the second CHO configuration information.
  • the first CHO configuration information includes first CHO execution condition information, where the first CHO execution condition information is used to indicate that the candidate target cell corresponds to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information
  • the first CHO execution condition, the first CHO execution condition information includes one or more of the execution condition information based on signal quality, or the execution condition information based on time/timer, or the execution condition information based on location;
  • One PLMN information includes the identity of the first PLMN
  • the first AMF information includes the identity of the first AMF, or includes the identity of the first AMF and the identity of the first PLMN
  • the second CHO configuration information includes the second CHO execution condition information , the second CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the second CHO execution condition corresponding to the candidate target cell and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information
  • the second CHO execution condition information includes signal quality-based execution condition information, or one or more of time/timer-based execution condition information or location-based execution condition information
  • the processing module 1020 is further configured to release the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, and release the second CHO configuration information and the second area information.
  • the communication apparatus can be used to implement the functions related to a network device (such as a source network device or a target network device (or referred to as a candidate target network device)) in any of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication apparatus may be a network device or a chip or circuit included in the network device.
  • the transceiver module 1010 is configured to receive the first information of the candidate target cell from the candidate target network device, the The first information includes the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information; wherein, the first information also includes information corresponding to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information.
  • the first CHO configuration information and the first area information, and, the second CHO configuration information and the second area information corresponding to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information the first area information is used to indicate the candidate target cell
  • the first area covered, the second area information is used to indicate the second area covered by the candidate target cell;
  • the processing module 1020 is configured to send the first information of the candidate target cell to the terminal device through the transceiver module 1020 .
  • the first CHO configuration information includes first CHO execution condition information, where the first CHO execution condition information is used to indicate that the candidate target cell corresponds to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information
  • the first CHO execution condition, the first CHO execution condition information includes one or more of the execution condition information based on signal quality, or the execution condition information based on time/timer, or the execution condition information based on location;
  • One PLMN information includes the identity of the first PLMN
  • the first AMF information includes the identity of the first AMF, or includes the identity of the first AMF and the identity of the first PLMN
  • the second CHO configuration information includes the second CHO execution condition information , the second CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the second CHO execution condition corresponding to the candidate target cell and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information
  • the second CHO execution condition information includes the execution condition information based on signal quality or One or more of time/timer-based execution condition information or location-based execution condition information
  • the transceiver module 1010 is configured to send first information of the candidate target cell to the source network device, where the first information includes The first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information, and the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information; wherein, the first information also includes the first CHO corresponding to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information
  • the configuration information and the first area information, and, the second CHO configuration information and the second area information corresponding to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information the first area information is used to indicate the first area covered by the candidate target cell area
  • the second area information is used to indicate the second area covered by the candidate target cell
  • the processing module 1020 is configured to receive the first message from the terminal device through the transceiver module 1010, The first message is used to indicate that the terminal device has been successfully handed over to
  • the processing module 1020 is specifically configured to: according to the random access initiated by the terminal device The RACH resource information used in the incoming process is determined, the first key for decrypting the first message is determined, and the first key is used to decrypt the first message.
  • the transceiver module 1010 is specifically configured to receive from the terminal device two The first message
  • the processing module 1020 is specifically configured to use the first key to decrypt the two first messages, and/or use the second key to decrypt the two first messages; wherein the first key is: The key is the key corresponding to the first CHO configuration information, and the second key is the key corresponding to the second CHO configuration information.
  • the transceiver module 1010 is further configured to send a second message to the target AMF corresponding to the target AMF information, where the second message is used to indicate to the target AMF that the terminal device has completed the handover.
  • the transceiver module 1010 is further configured to send a third message to an AMF corresponding to another AMF information other than the target AMF information in the first AMF information and the second AMF information, the third message The message is used to instruct the other AMF to release the connection established for the terminal device.
  • the third message includes a connection release cause value, where the connection release cause value is abnormal location or AMF is unavailable.
  • the first CHO configuration information includes first CHO execution condition information, where the first CHO execution condition information is used to indicate that the candidate target cell corresponds to the first PLMN information and/or the first AMF information
  • the CHO execution condition, the first CHO execution condition information includes one or more in the execution condition information based on signal quality, or the execution condition information based on time/timer, or the execution condition information based on location;
  • the first PLMN The information includes the identification of the first PLMN, and the first AMF information includes the identification of the first AMF, or includes the identification of the first AMF and the identification of the first PLMN;
  • the second CHO configuration information includes the second CHO execution condition information, the The second CHO execution condition information is used to indicate the CHO execution condition of the target cell corresponding to the second PLMN information and/or the second AMF information, where the second CHO execution condition information includes signal quality-based execution condition information, or time/timing-based execution condition information one or more of the execution condition information of the device or the execution condition information
  • the processing module 1020 involved in the communication apparatus may be implemented by at least one processor or a processor-related circuit component, and the transceiver module 1010 may be implemented by at least one transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component or a communication interface.
  • the operations and/or functions of each module in the communication device are respectively to implement the corresponding flow of the method shown in FIG. 5 , FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 , and for brevity, the details are not repeated here.
  • the communication device may further include a storage module, the storage module may be used to store data and/or instructions, the transceiver module 1010 and/or the processing module 1020 may read the data and/or instructions in the access module, Thereby, the communication device can implement the corresponding method.
  • the memory module can be implemented, for example, by at least one memory.
  • the above-mentioned storage module, processing module, and transceiver module may exist separately, or all or part of the modules may be integrated, for example, the storage module and the processing module are integrated, or the processing module and the transceiver module are integrated.
  • FIG. 11 is another schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus may be used to implement the functions corresponding to the terminal equipment in the above method embodiments, for example, it may be a terminal equipment or a device capable of supporting the terminal equipment to implement the corresponding functions in the above method embodiments, or the like.
  • the communication device can also be used to implement the functions corresponding to the source network device or the target network device in the above method embodiments, for example, it can be the source network device or the target network device, or can support the source network device or the target network device to implement the above method.
  • the communication apparatus 1100 may include a processor 1101 , a communication interface 1102 and a memory 1103 .
  • the communication interface 1102 is used to communicate with other devices through a transmission medium, and the communication interface 1102 may be a transceiver or an interface circuit such as a transceiver circuit, a transceiver chip, and the like.
  • the memory 1103 is used to store program instructions and/or data, and the processor 1101 is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory 1103, thereby implementing the methods in the above method embodiments.
  • the memory 1103 and the processor 1101 are coupled, and the coupling is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, used between devices, units or modules. information interaction.
  • the communication interface 1102 may be specifically configured to perform the operations of the above-mentioned transceiver module 1010, and the processor 1101 may be specifically configured to perform the operations of the above-mentioned processing module 1020, which will not be described herein again.
  • the specific connection medium between the communication interface 1102 , the processor 1101 , and the memory 1103 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory 1103, the processor 1101, and the communication interface 1102 are connected through a bus 1104 in FIG. 11.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. 11, and the connection between other components is only for schematic illustration. , is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 11, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the communication apparatus may specifically be a terminal device, which is used to implement the functions related to the terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the terminal device is a mobile phone as an example.
  • the terminal device includes a processor, and may also include a memory. Of course, it may also include a radio frequency circuit, an antenna, an input and output device, and the like.
  • the processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control terminal equipment, execute software programs, and process data of software programs.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and the processing of the radio frequency signal.
  • Antennas are mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users. It should be noted that some types of terminal equipment may not have input and output devices.
  • the processor When data needs to be sent, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends the radio frequency signal through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, which converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • FIG. 12 only one memory and processor are shown in FIG. 12 . In an actual end device product, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device or the like.
  • the memory may be set independently of the processor, or may be integrated with the processor, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna and the radio frequency circuit with a transceiver function may be regarded as a transceiver unit of the terminal device, and the processor with a processing function may be regarded as a processing unit of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device includes a transceiver unit 1210 and a processing unit 1220 .
  • the transceiving unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiving device, or the like.
  • the processing unit may also be referred to as a processor, a processing single board, a processing module, a processing device, and the like.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 1210 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for implementing the transmitting function in the transceiver unit 1210 may be regarded as a transmitting unit, that is, the transceiver unit 1210 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit.
  • the transceiver unit may also sometimes be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit.
  • the receiving unit may also sometimes be referred to as a receiver, receiver, or receiving circuit, or the like.
  • the transmitting unit may also sometimes be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, or the like.
  • transceiving unit 1210 is configured to perform the sending and receiving operations on the terminal device side in the above method embodiments
  • processing unit 1220 is configured to perform other operations on the terminal device except the transceiving operations in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be specifically a network device, such as a base station, for implementing any of the above method embodiments involving network devices (such as a source network device or target network device or candidate target network device).
  • a network device such as a base station
  • the network device 1300 includes: one or more DUs 1301 and one or more CUs 1302.
  • the DU 1301 may include at least one antenna 13011, at least one radio frequency unit 13012, at least one processor 13013 and at least one memory 13014.
  • the DU 1301 is mainly used for the transceiver of radio frequency signals, the conversion of radio frequency signals and baseband signals, and part of baseband processing.
  • the CU 1302 may include at least one processor 13022 and at least one memory 13021.
  • the CU 1302 is mainly used to perform baseband processing, control the base station, and the like.
  • the CU 1302 is the control center of the base station, and may also be referred to as a processing unit.
  • the CU 1302 may be used to control the base station to perform operations or steps corresponding to the source network device or the target network device in the method shown in the above-mentioned FIG. 5 , FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 .
  • the CU 1302 and the DU 1301 can communicate through an interface, wherein the control plane (CP) interface can be Fs-C, such as F1-C, the user plane (UP) interface can be Fs-U, Such as F1-U.
  • the DU 1301 and the CU 1302 may be physically set together, or may be physically set apart (ie, distributed base stations), which is not limited.
  • the baseband processing on the CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layers of the wireless network.
  • the functions of the PDCP layer and the above protocol layers are set in the CU, and the function settings of the protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as the RLC layer and the MAC layer, etc.) are set. in DU.
  • the CU implements the functions of the RRC and PDCP layers
  • the DU implements the functions of the RLC, MAC, and physical (physical, PHY) layers.
  • the base station 1300 may include one or more radio frequency units (RUs), one or more DUs and one or more CUs.
  • the DU may include at least one processor 13013 and at least one memory 13014
  • the RU may include at least one antenna 13011 and at least one radio frequency unit 13012
  • the CU may include at least one processor 13022 and at least one memory 13021 .
  • the CU 1302 may be composed of one or more boards, and the multiple boards may jointly support a wireless access network (such as a 5G network) with a single access indication, or may support different access standards respectively wireless access network (such as LTE network, 5G network or other networks).
  • the memory 13021 and the processor 13022 may serve one or more single boards. That is to say, the memory and processor can be provided separately on each single board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits may also be provided on each single board.
  • the DU 1301 can be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards can jointly support a wireless access network (such as a 5G network) with a single access instruction, or can support a wireless access network with different access standards (such as a 5G network). Such as LTE network, 5G network or other network).
  • the memory 13014 and processor 13013 may serve one or more single boards. That is to say, the memory and processor can be provided separately on each single board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits may also be provided on each single board.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, including: a processor, where the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or an instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the The chip system implements a method corresponding to a terminal device or a method corresponding to a network device (eg, a source network device or a target network device) in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • a processor including: a processor, where the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or an instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the The chip system implements a method corresponding to a terminal device or a method corresponding to a network device (eg, a source network device or a target network device) in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • a network device eg, a source network device or a target network device
  • the number of processors in the chip system may be one or more.
  • the processor can be implemented by hardware or by software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software codes stored in memory.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory processor, such as a read-only memory ROM, which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be provided on different chips.
  • the setting method of the processor is not particularly limited.
  • the system-on-chip may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a system on chip (SoC), It can also be a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), or a microcontroller (microcontroller).
  • controller unit, MCU it can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • each step in the above method embodiments may be implemented by a hardware integrated logic circuit in a processor or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the method steps disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where computer-readable instructions are stored in the computer storage medium, and when the computer reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the computer is made to execute any of the foregoing method embodiments method in .
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, which, when the computer reads and executes the computer program product, causes the computer to execute the method in any of the above method embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, where the communication system includes a source network device and a target network device.
  • the communication system may further include at least one terminal device.
  • the target network device may be a candidate target network device configured by the source network device.
  • the communication system may further include one or more other candidate target network devices configured by the source network device.
  • the communication system may further include core network equipment.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, other general-purpose processors, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically programmable Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double data rate SDRAM double data rate SDRAM
  • DDR SDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SCRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components
  • the memory storage module
  • memory described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk and other mediums that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种通信方法及装置，用于提供一种当将覆盖了多个国家的地理区域或多个运营商的服务区域的NTN小区配置为终端设备的候选目标小区时的CHO机制。该方法包括：在CHO切换的场景下，若候选目标小区的第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应于第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应于第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，则终端设备可以根据从源网络设备接收的第一信息和自身当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，以提高切换的可靠性。

Description

通信方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
非陆地网络(non terrestrial networks，NTN)通信系统通过将接入网设备或部分接入网设备的功能部署在高空平台或者卫星等非地面设备上，为终端设备提供无缝覆盖，并且由于高空平台或卫星位于高空中，受自然灾害的影响较小，因此，NTN通信系统的可靠性较高。
NTN通信系统中的小区称为NTN小区，NTN通信系统的一个重要特征为NTN小区的覆盖范围通常比较大，例如小区覆盖直径可以达到几十到上千公里，因此，会存在一个NTN小区覆盖了多个国家的地理区域或者覆盖了多个运营商的服务区域的情形。以NTN系统为卫星通信系统为例，卫星可以通过广播多个公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)的信息来指示其可以支持多个国家或运营商的服务，或者，卫星可以通过广播多个接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)的信息来指示其可以支持多个国家或运营商的服务。
为了提高切换可靠性，网络配置终端设备执行条件切换(conditional handover，CHO)，并为终端设备配置一个或多个候选目标小区。然而，当网络将支持多个PLMN和/或多个AMF的NTN小区配置为候选目标小区时，CHO应如何执行，目前还没有相关的解决方案。
发明内容
本申请实施例中的一种通信方法及装置，用于提供当候选目标小区为支持多个PLMN和/或多个AMF的NTN小区时的CHO机制，以提高切换的可靠性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可由终端设备执行，也可以由配置于终端设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，在本申请下文的描述中，将以终端设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：终端设备从源网络设备接收候选目标小区的第一信息，该第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，该第一信息还包括与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，该第二区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；终端设备根据该第一信息与自身当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息。
上述技术方案提供了一种当将覆盖了多个国家的地理区域或多个运营商的服务区域的小区配置为终端设备的候选目标小区时的CHO机制。由于终端设备能够根据从源网络设备接收的第一信息和自身当前所在的区域，来从配置的候选目标小区中确定目标小区、目标PLMN和/或目标AMF，因此，采用上述技术方案，可有效提高切换的可靠性。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，终端设备根据该第一信息与自身当前所在的区域， 确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息具体可包括：若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，则终端设备可确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第一PLMN信息为目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定该第一AMF信息为目标AMF信息。
上述技术方案，终端设备可将满足CHO执行条件的小区中，与其当前位置所在的区域相匹配的小区、PLMN信息和AMF信息分别确定为目标小区、目标PLMN信息和目标AMF信息，如此，可有效避免选择的目标PLMN和/或目标AMF不是终端设备当前位置所在的区域支持的PLMN和/或AMF，而导致CHO切换失败的问题。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，终端设备根据该第一信息与自身当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息具体还可包括：若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件和第二CHO配置信息中的第二CHO执行条件均满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，则终端设备可确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第一PLMN信息为目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定该第一AMF信息为目标AMF信息。
上述技术方案，当候选目标小区的不同PLMN信息和/或AMF信息对应的CHO执行条件均满足时，终端设备可根据当前位置所在的区域，以及该候选目标小区覆盖的各个区域与PLMN和/或AMF之间的对应关系，确定目标PLMN和/或目标AMF，从而避免切换失败的问题。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：终端设备向目标网络设备发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示终端设备已经成功切换至目标小区，该第一消息中包括目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，所述目标网络设备为管理目标小区的网络设备。
上述技术方案，当终端设备成功切换至目标小区后，终端设备还可以向目标网络设备发送用于指示已成功切换至目标小区的第一消息，或者说，用于指示切换完成的第一消息，从而便于目标网络设备释放不需要的CHO配置或连接等，从而有效提高资源利用率。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，该第一消息中还包括目标小区的标识信息、目标小区对应的索引信息。如此，可便于目标网络设备确定终端设备切换到的目标小区。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，该第一消息可采用第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥进行加密。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，终端设备可以向目标网络设备发送两条第一消息，其中，一条第一消息采用第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥进行加密，另一条第一消息采用第二CHO配置信息对应的第二密钥进行加密。
上述技术方案，终端设备可采用与CHO配置信息对应的密钥来对第一消息进行加密，从而提高第一消息在传输过程中的安全性。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，该第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO执行条件，该第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括第一AMF的标识和第一PLMN的标识；所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行 条件信息，该第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO执行条件，该第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，该第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括第二AMF的标识和第二PLMN的标识。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：终端设备释放第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息，以及释放第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可由源网络设备执行，也可以由配置于源网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，在本申请下文的描述中，将以源网络设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：源网络设备从候选目标网络设备接收候选目标小区的第一信息，该第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，该第一信息还包括与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，该第二区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；源网络设备向终端设备发送候选目标小区的该第一信息。
上述技术方案提供了一种当将覆盖了多个国家的地理区域或多个运营商的服务区域的小区配置为终端设备的候选目标小区时的CHO机制。若候选目标小区支持多个PLMN和/或AMF，则源网络设备在进行CHO配置时，可以向终端设备提供每个PLMN和/或AMF对应的CHO配置信息和区域信息，以便终端设备可根据自身位置所在的区域，从满足CHO执行条件的小区中，选择目标小区、目标PLMN和/或目标AMF，从而提高切换的可靠性。
在第二方面的一种可能的设计中，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，该第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO执行条件，该第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括第一AMF的标识和第一PLMN的标识；所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO执行条件，该第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括第二AMF的标识和第二PLMN的标识。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可由目标网络设备执行，也可以由配置于目标网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，在本申请下文的描述中，将以目标网络设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：目标网络设备向源网络设备发送候选目标小区的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，该第一信息还包括与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO 配置信息和第二区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，该第二区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；若终端设备确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，则目标网络设备从终端设备接收第一消息，该第一消息用于指示终端设备已经成功切换至该目标小区，该第一消息中包括目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，该目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息为第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，或者为第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息。
上述技术方案提供了一种当将覆盖了多个国家的地理区域或多个运营商的服务区域的小区配置为终端设备的候选目标小区时的CHO机制。若候选目标小区支持多个PLMN和/或AMF，则候选目标网络设备在进行CHO切换准备时，可向源网络设备提供每个PLMN和/或AMF分别对应的CHO配置信息和区域信息，从而便于终端设备根据自身位置所在的区域，从满足CHO执行条件的小区中，确定目标小区、目标PLMN和/或目标AMF，以提高切换的可靠性。
此外，当终端设备将该候选目标小区确定为目标小区时，目标网络设备可根据第一消息，确定终端设备接入的目标PLMN和/或目标AMF，从而为该终端设备释放不需要的CHO配置或连接等，有效提高资源利用率。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，目标网络设备可根据终端设备发起随机接入过程使用的RACH资源信息，确定对第一消息进行解密的第一密钥，并使用该第一密钥对第一消息进行解密。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，目标网络设备可从终端设备接收两条第一消息，并使用第一密钥对两条第一消息进行解密，和/或，使用第二密钥对两条第一消息进行解密；其中，第一密钥为第一CHO配置信息对应的密钥，第二密钥为第二CHO配置信息对应的密钥。
上述技术方案，目标网络设备可采用与CHO配置信息对应的密钥对第一消息进行解密，从而获取第一消息中包含的信息。当不同的CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，目标网络设备可根据终端设备在进行随机接入时使用的RACH资源信息确定对第一消息进行解密的秘钥，当不同的CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，由于终端设备分别发送了多条分别用不同CHO配置信息对应的密钥进行加密的第一消息，因此，目标网络设备使用任一个CHO配置信息对应的密钥对第一消息解密都可解密成功。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：目标网络设备向目标AMF信息对应的目标AMF发送第二消息，该第二消息用于向目标AMF指示终端设备已完成切换，从而完成CHO切换过程。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：目标网络设备向第一AMF信息和第二AMF信息中除目标AMF信息之外的另一AMF信息对应的AMF发送第三消息，该第三消息用于指示该另一AMF释放为终端设备建立的连接，从而有效提高资源利用率。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，该第三消息中包括连接释放原因值，该连接释放原因值为位置异常或AMF不可用。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，该第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF 信息对应的CHO执行条件，该第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括第一AMF的标识和第一PLMN的标识；所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，该第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示目标小区与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的CHO执行条件，该第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括第二AMF的标识和第二PLMN的标识。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置具有实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中终端设备的功能，该装置可以为终端设备，也可以为终端设备中包括的芯片。
该通信装置也可以具有实现上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中源网络设备的功能，或具有实现上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中目标网络设备的功能，该装置可以为网络设备，也可以为网络设备中包括的芯片。
上述通信装置的功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元或手段(means)。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置的结构中包括处理模块和收发模块，其中，处理模块被配置为支持该装置执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种设计中终端设备相应的功能，或者执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种设计中源网络设备相应的功能，或者执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中目标网络设备相应的功能。收发模块用于支持该装置与其他通信设备之间的通信，例如该装置为终端设备时，可从源网络设备接收候选目标小区的第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及该第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息。该通信装置还可以包括存储模块，存储模块与处理模块耦合，其保存有装置必要的程序指令和数据。作为一种示例，处理模块可以为处理器，通信模块可以为收发器，存储模块可以为存储器，存储器可以和处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置。
在另一种可能的设计中，该装置的结构中包括处理器，还可以包括存储器。处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序指令，以使装置执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或者执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或者执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。可选的，该装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。当装置为网络设备或终端设备时，该通信接口可以是收发器或输入/输出接口；当该装置为网络设备中包含的芯片或终端设备中包含的芯片时，该通信接口可以是芯片的输入/输出接口。可选的，收发器可以为收发电路，输入/输出接口可以是输入/输出电路。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片系统实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或实现上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或实现上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
可选的，该芯片系统还包括接口电路，该接口电路用于交互代码指令至所述处理器。
可选的，该芯片系统中的处理器可以为一个或多个，该处理器可以通过硬件实现也可以通过软件实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等。当通过软件实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现。
可选的，该芯片系统中的存储器也可以为一个或多个。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置。示例性的，存储器可以是非瞬时性处理器，例如只读存储器ROM，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令被执行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序产品时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括源网络设备、目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可以包括至少一个终端设备。在CHO切换场景中，在终端设备确定切换到目标网络设备之前，该目标网络设备可以是源网络设备配置的候选目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可以包括源网络设备配置的其他一个或多个候选目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可以包括核心网设备。
附图说明
图1a和图1b为本申请实施例适用的一种卫星通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图2为移动卫星形成的地面静止小区的示意图；
图3为移动卫星形成的地面移动小区的示意图；
图4为CHO机制下的切换流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中候选目标小区覆盖的不同区域对应不同的PLMN的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中源基站与候选目标基站通过直接连接的通信接口进行CHO准备的示例图；
图8为本申请实施例中源基站与候选目标基站通过核心网设备的转发进行CHO准备的示例图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的一个具体示例；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的另一结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的另一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、LTE系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或NR系统，或者应用于未来的通信系统或其它类似的通信系统等。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以应用于非陆地网络(NTN)通信系统，也可以应用于NTN与陆地网络(terrestrial networks，TN)混合部署的场景中。所述NTN通信系统可以包括卫星通信系统、高空平台(high altitude platform station，HAPS)通信系统或者其他非地面通信系统。
下面以NTN通信系统为卫星通信系统为例来详细说明本申请应用的网络架构。
请参考图1a，为本申请实施例适用的卫星通信系统的一种网络架构示意图，该网络架构中包括核心网设备110、无线接入网设备120、卫星130和至少一个终端设备(如图1a中所示的终端设备140)。作为一种示例，图1a中的核心网设备、无线接入网设备和终端设备位于地面，而卫星位于高空中。
其中，无线接入网设备可通过无线或有线的方式与核心网设备通信。核心网设备与无线接入网设备可以是独立的不同的物理设备，也可以是将核心网设备的功能与无线接入网设备的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上，还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备的功能和部分的无线接入网设备的功能。应理解，本申请实施例中所提及的无线接入网设备在不同的通信系统可对应不同的设备，例如在5G系统中对应5G中的接入网设备，例如gNB或者ng-eNB，在4G系统中对应4G中的接入网设备，例如eNB或者en-gNB。
无线接入网设备与终端设备之间的通信通过卫星转发信号，即卫星可以接收无线接入网设备的信号并将信号转发至地面形成卫星小区，进而为地面上的终端设备提供服务覆盖。此时，卫星相当于一个中继节点或转发器，因此，该场景也可以称为卫星的透明转发(transparent)形式。
在透明转发形式下，卫星小区可以是地面固定的(可以记为“固定小区”)，也可以随着卫星的移动而在地面上移动(可以记为“移动小区”)。对于“固定小区”的场景，卫星小区是地面固定的，是指卫星小区在地面上的覆盖是固定的，可以是在一段时间内是固定的，也可以是永久固定的。例如，对于高轨卫星，由于卫星相对地面保持静止，其形成的卫星小区一般相对地面也是固定的。对于低轨卫星，由于卫星相对地面移动，卫星可以通过调整其天线的发射角或是其它物理参数，使得形成的卫星小区相对地面是固定的。
对于“移动小区”的场景，卫星小区随着卫星的移动而移动，即当卫星移动时，卫星小区也跟随卫星在地面上移动。通常移动小区产生的原因是因为，随着卫星的移动，卫星并不会动态地调整波束的方向，进而导致卫星生成的波束在地面上的投影跟随着卫星的移动而移动。
应注意，本申请实施例对移动小区的存在场景不作具体限定。当卫星采用透明转发形式提供服务覆盖区域时，一种可能的移动小区的存在场景可以为：卫星与原无线 接入网设备建立连接，随着卫星的移动，卫星转发的原无线接入网设备下的小区跟随卫星移动一段时间，即卫星与原无线接入网设备保持一段时间的连接；在某一时刻，卫星与原无线接入网设备的连接由于距离较远、信号较弱等原因而断开，卫星连接至一个新的无线接入网设备，此后，卫星开始转发新的无线接入网设备的信号，形成新的卫星小区。可以理解，虽然卫星在不停地运行，但是由于地面的无线接入网设备的位置不变，因此，对于存在移动小区的场景，若卫星转发地面的某一无线接入网设备的信号，那么形成的该无线接入网设备下的卫星小区虽然也会随着卫星的运行，有一定范围的移动，但是该卫星小区的移动范围通常是围绕无线接入网设备的周边。
请参考图1b，为本申请实施例适用的卫星通信系统的另一种网络架构示意图，该网络架构中包括核心网设备110、卫星130和至少一个终端设备(如图1b中所示的终端设备140)。作为一种示例，图1b中的核心网设备和终端设备位于地面，而卫星位于高空中。
与图1a中所示的网络架构的区别之处在于，图1b所示的网络架构中，卫星上可以部署有无线接入网设备，例如基站。卫星可以自己生成小区信号，并转发至地面形成卫星小区，进而为地面上的终端设备提供服务覆盖区域。因此，该场景也可以称为卫星的再生(regenerative)形式。
在再生形式下，卫星小区随着卫星的移动而移动，即当卫星移动时，其生成的小区也跟随在地面上移动，因此可以称为“移动小区”。由于该“移动小区”是卫星自己生成的，因此卫星的“移动小区”可以跟随卫星的轨道在地面移动。一般情况下，当卫星移走后，后续会有新的卫星移过来，以保证尽可能的连续覆盖。新的卫星的覆盖区域和之前卫星的覆盖区域可以相同，也可以不同。可以理解，由于卫星的运行方向，波束发射方向，波束发射能力的不同，两个卫星的地面覆盖区域可能不一定完全相同。
尽管图1a和图1b中仅示出了一个终端设备，但应理解，一个无线接入网设备或卫星或核心网设备可以为一个或多个终端设备提供服务，本申请实施例对该卫星通信系统中包括的核心网设备、无线接入网设备、卫星和终端设备的数量不作限定。此外，所述终端设备可以是固定位置的，也可以是可移动的，本申请也不限定。
无线接入网设备与终端设备之间以及终端设备和终端设备之间，可以通过授权频谱(licensed spectrum)进行通信，也可以通过非授权频谱(unlicensed spectrum)进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和非授权频谱进行通信。无线接入网设备和终端设备之间以及终端设备和终端设备之间可以通过6吉兆赫(gigahertz，GHz)以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请实施例对无线接入网设备和终端设备之间所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
如图2所示，为移动卫星形成的地面静止小区的示意图，该图示出了一种理想场景，即地面小区完全静止，当一个卫星移走后，另一个卫星会完全覆盖之前的小区区域。地面静止小区的映射方式是指小区的位置在地面是不动的，移动卫星可以通过调整自己的波束形成这些小区。应理解，当卫星小区为地面静止小区时，移动卫星可以通过透明转发形式提供服务覆盖区域。
示例性的，在T1时刻：小区1和小区2由卫星1的波束覆盖，小区3和小区4由卫星2的波束覆盖。在T2时刻，虽然卫星1和卫星2都向左移动，但是依然可以调整自己的波束，保证小区1、小区2、小区3、小区4的覆盖。在T3时刻，相比T1时刻，卫星1和卫星2已经移动了足够的距离，卫星1无法通过调整波束再为小区2提供覆盖，卫星2 也无法通过调整波束为小区4提供覆盖，此时，卫星2可以为小区2提供覆盖，而卫星3可以为小区4提供覆盖。
如图3所示，为移动卫星形成的地面移动小区的示意图。在该示例中，地面移动小区的映射方式是指，移动卫星并不动态调整它的波束方向，基站生成的波束随着卫星/基站的移动在地面上移动。应理解，当卫星小区为地面移动小区时，移动卫星可以通过透明转发形式或者再生形式提供服务覆盖区域。
示例性的，在T1时刻，一块区域由卫星1形成的小区1和小区2，以及卫星2形成的小区3和小区4覆盖。由于小区1、小区2、小区3和小区4随着卫星1和卫星2的移动而移动，在T3时刻，在这块区域变成了由卫星1形成的小区2、卫星2形成的小区3和小区4、以及新移动过来的卫星3形成的小区5覆盖。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着通信网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
下面对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)本申请实施例中所涉及的终端设备，是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等。所述终端设备可以经无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)与核心网进行通信，与RAN交换语音和/或数据。所述终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。终端设备有时也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台和远方站等，本申请的实施例对终端设备所采用的具体技术、设备形态以及名称不做限定。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该终端设备还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备或智能穿戴式设备等，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能头盔、智能首饰等。
本申请实施例中的终端设备还可以是作为一个或多个部件或者单元而内置于车辆的车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元，车辆通过内置的所述车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元可以实施本申请的方法。
2)本申请实施例中所涉及的无线接入网设备，是网络中用于将终端设备接入到无线 网络的设备。所述无线接入网设备可以为无线接入网中的节点，又可以称为基站，还可以称为RAN节点。在本申请中，无线接入网设备是指部署在地面或卫星上的无线接入网设备，在下文的描述中，无线接入网设备可以简称为接入网设备或网络设备。
所述接入网设备可以包括LTE系统或演进的LTE系统(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，如传统的宏基站eNB和异构网络场景下的微基站eNB，或者也可以包括5G系统或NR系统中的下一代节点B(next generation node B，gNB)，或者也可以包括无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、基带池BBU pool，或无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)接入点(access point，AP)、接入回传一体化(integrated access and backhaul，IAB)节点等，再或者也可以包括云接入网(cloud radio access network，CloudRAN)系统中的集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和/或分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，本申请实施例并不限定。
例如，在一种网络结构中，网络设备可以为CU节点、或DU节点、或为包括CU节点和DU节点的接入网设备。进一步地，CU节点可以划分为控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)，其中CU-CP负责控制面功能，主要包含无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)和分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)-C，PDCP-C主要负责控制面数据的加解密，完整性保护，数据传输等。CU-UP负责用户面功能，主要包含SDAP和PDCP-U，SDAP主要负责将核心网的数据进行处理并将流(flow)映射到承载(bearer)，PDCP-U主要负责数据面的加解密，完整性保护，头压缩，序列号维护，数据传输等。CU-CP与CU-UP可通过E1接口连接。CU-CP代表CU通过Ng接口和核心网连接，通过F1-C(控制面)和DU连接。CU-UP通过F1-U(用户面)和DU连接。当然还有一种可能的实现是PDCP-C也在CU-UP。
3)本申请实施例中所涉及的核心网设备，是指为终端设备提供业务支持的核心网(core network，CN)中的设备。目前，一些核心网设备的举例包括：AMF实体、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)实体、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)实体等。其中，AMF实体用于负责终端设备的接入管理和移动性管理；SMF实体用于负责会话管理，如用户的会话建立等；UPF实体是用户面的功能实体，主要用于负责连接外部网络。应注意，本申请中的实体也可以称为网元或功能实体，即AMF实体也可以称为AMF网元或AMF功能实体，SMF实体也可以称为SMF网元或SMF功能实体。在本申请下文的描述中，核心网设备可以是指AMF。
4)本申请实施例中所涉及的卫星，是指位于卫星上的网络设备，为了便于说明，可以将“卫星上的网络设备”简称为“卫星”。所述卫星可以是低轨卫星(low earth orbiting，LEO)或者中轨卫星或者其他位于高空中移动的网络设备。一般来说，按照卫星的轨位高度，卫星通信系统中的卫星可分为高轨卫星(geostationary earth orbiting，GEO)、低轨卫星(LEO)和中轨卫星三类。其中，高轨卫星又可以称为静止卫星，高轨卫星的运行速度与地球自转速度相同，因此，高轨卫星相对地面保持静止状态，相应地，高轨卫星形成的卫星小区也是静止的。低轨卫星又可以称为近地轨道卫星，低轨卫星相对地面移动速度较快，因此，低轨卫星形成的卫星小区可随着卫星的移动 而移动。中轨卫星是指位于轨道高度位于高轨卫星与低轨卫星之间的卫星。
5)需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”可被互换使用。“多个”是指两个或两个以上，鉴于此，本申请实施例中也可以将“多个”理解为“至少两个”。“至少一个”，可理解为一个或多个，例如理解为一个、两个或更多个。例如，包括至少一个，是指包括一个、两个或更多个，而且不限制包括的是哪几个。例如，包括A、B和C中的至少一个，那么包括的可以是A、B、C，A和B，A和C，B和C，或A和B和C。同理，对于“至少一种”等描述的理解，也是类似的。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，字符“/”，如无特殊说明，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
除非有相反的说明，本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度，并且“第一”、“第二”的描述也并不限定对象一定不同。
本申请实施例中所涉及的小区可以是NTN小区，下面以NTN小区为卫星小区为例来详细说明本申请中的小区。
卫星小区除了具有上述有关移动性的特征外，另一个重要特征是覆盖大。一个卫星小区的覆盖直径可以达到几十到上千公里。因此，存在一个卫星小区覆盖了多个国家的地理区域，或者覆盖了多个运营商的服务区域的情形。一般来说，卫星可以通过广播多个PLMN的信息(如PLMN标识信息等)和/或AMF的信息(如AMF标识信息等)来指示其可以支持多个国家/运营商的服务，终端设备可以根据自身位置、小区覆盖的区域信息与PLMN和/或AMF之间的映射关系，确定出合适的PLMN和/或AMF以接入。
举例来说，小区C覆盖国家A和国家B的地理区域。其中，国家A对应PLMN1和/或AMF1，国家B对应PLMN2和/或AMF2，则小区C可以广播PLMN1和/或AMF1的信息、以及PLMN2和/或AMF2的信息。可以理解，国家A对应PLMN1和/或AMF1是指，国家A部署的管理小区C的PLMN为PLMN1，和/或，小区C所属的接入网设备连接的AMF为AMF1；国家B对应PLMN2和/或AMF2是指，国家B部署的管理小区C的PLMN为PLMN2，和/或，小区C所属的接入网设备连接的AMF为AMF2。
如此，对于处于国家A且位于小区C的覆盖范围内的UE1，UE1可以通过PLMN1和/或AMF1接入小区C；或者说，UE1要接入小区C时，可以通过PLMN1和/或AMF1接入小区C；或者说，UE1要接入小区C时，UE1可以接入PLMN1和/或AMF1所对应的小区；或者说，UE1要接入小区C时，UE1可以接入的接入网设备所连接的核心网设备为AMF1，UE1可以接入的接入网设备属于PLMN1。
类似的，对于处于国家B且位于小区C的覆盖范围内的UE2，UE2可以通过PLMN2和/或AMF2接入小区C；或者说，UE2要接入小区C时，可以通过PLMN2和/或AMF2接入小区C；或者说，UE2要接入小区C时，UE2可以接入PLMN2和/或AMF2所对应的小区；或者说，UE2要接入小区C时，UE2可以接入的接入网设备所连接的核心网设备为AMF2，UE2可以接入的接入网设备属于PLMN2。
考虑到不同国家或运营商的通信策略不同，可以将卫星小区区分为更细的粒度，例如将卫星小区的整个服务覆盖区域划分为形状规则或不规则的多个区域，可以称之为虚拟小 区或虚拟区域，从而更好的贴合不同国家的地理区域或不同运营商的服务区域。同一个卫星小区下的不同的区域可以对应不同的PLMN和/或AMF，从而使得在同一个卫星小区下形成多个虚拟小区，进而可以根据不同的区域对终端设备的移动性进行有效管理。
本申请实施例还可以应用于小区切换的场景下，终端设备可能会因位置的移动、业务的变化、网络覆盖情况的改变或是其它原因而发生从源网络设备到目标网络设备的切换。其中，源网络设备是指终端设备在执行切换前接入的网络设备，或者说是切换前为终端设备提供服务的网络设备；目标网络设备是指终端设备需要切换至的网络设备，或者说是终端设备在成功执行切换后接入的网络设备，或者说是切换成功后为终端设备提供服务的网络设备。相应的，源小区是指终端设备在执行切换前接入的小区，该源小区为源网络设备覆盖下的小区，或者说源小区为源网络设备管辖的小区，或者说源小区属于源网络设备。目标小区是指终端设备在执行切换后接入的小区，该目标小区为目标网络设备覆盖下的小区，或者说目标小区为目标网络设备管辖的小区，或者说目标小区属于目标网络设备。
为有效提高切换可靠性，上述小区切换可以是CHO。在CHO机制中，网络(如源网络设备)可以给终端设备配置一个或多个候选目标小区，所述候选目标小区也可以简称为候选小区。若网络给终端设备配置多个候选目标小区，则网络可以通过一条或者多条RRC消息向终端设备发送该多个候选目标小区分别对应的CHO配置信息。上述RRC消息可以是新定义的消息(如CondRRCReconfiguration，或者具有其他命名/表达形式，并不限定)或重用现有的RRC消息(如RRC重配置消息)。
源网络设备可以在源链路信号质量较好时向终端设备发送RRC消息，该RRC消息中可以包含至少一个候选目标小区对应的CHO配置信息。一个候选目标小区对应的CHO配置信息中可以包括CHO执行条件信息以及该候选目标小区的相关信息。
其中，候选目标小区的相关信息可以包括下列信息中的一项或多项：候选目标小区为终端设备分配的小区无线网络临时标识(cell radio network temporary identifier，C-RNTI)，接入候选目标小区所需的随机接入信道(random access channel，RACH)资源信息，候选目标小区对应的索引信息(如该小区对应的测量标识measID和/或该小区对应的CHO重配置标识CondReconfigId)，候选目标小区的小区全球标识(cell global identifier，CGI)，候选目标小区的物理小区标识(physical cell identifier，PCI)，候选目标小区对应的频率信息，候选目标小区对应的物理层配置参数，媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层配置参数，无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层配置参数，分组数据汇聚(packet data convergence，PDCP)层配置参数，服务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SD AP)层配置参数，RRC层配置参数等。所述候选目标小区的频率信息可以包括下列的一项或多项：同步信号块(synchronization signal block，SSB)的绝对频率(如absoluteFrequencySSB)、参考资源模块(common RB0)的绝对频率位置(如absoluteFrequencyPointA)、频率带宽列表(如frequencyBandList)、子载波间隔(subcarrier spacing，SCS)特定的载波列表(如scs-SpecificCarrierList)。
CHO执行条件信息用于指示该候选目标小区对应的CHO执行条件，所述CHO执行条件也可以称为CHO触发条件。以基于小区的信号质量的CHO执行条件为例(即CHO执行条件中的触发量(trigger quantity)为小区的信号质量)，CHO执行条件信息可以包括CHO执行事件类型和相应的门限值，CHO执行事件类型可以包括事件A3、事件A4、事 件A5、事件B1、事件B2或其他执行事件类型等。
一个候选目标小区可以被配置一个或多个CHO执行条件。例如，一个候选目标小区可以被配置一个执行事件类型，但是被配置至多两个不同的触发量，以及针对每个触发量的至少两个不同的门限值，该触发量为小区的信号质量，例如可以包括参考信号接收功率(reference signal received power，RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(reference signal received quality，RSRQ)、信号干扰噪声比(signal to interference plus noise ratio，SINR)中的一项或多项。或者，一个候选目标小区可以被配置至少两个不同的执行事件类型、以及各执行事件类型相对应的门限值。不同的候选目标小区分别对应的CHO执行事件类型和/或执行事件类型对应的门限值可以相同，也可以不同，不做限定。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的源小区、目标小区或者候选目标小区可以是上面所介绍的NTN小区，例如卫星小区。即，源小区、目标小区或者候选目标小区的服务覆盖区域可以划分为多个区域，不同的区域可以对应不同的PLMN和/或不同的AMF，形成不同的虚拟小区。
图4示例性示出了CHO机制下的切换流程，在该示例中，源基站为UE配置了两个候选目标小区，两个候选目标小区分别受候选目标基站1和候选目标基站2的管理。该切换流程可以包括：在步骤S401中，源基站向UE下发测量配置，并相应在步骤S402中接收UE上报的测量报告。在步骤S403-a和步骤S404-a中，源基站与候选目标基站1进行CHO切换准备，源基站可以向候选目标基站1发送切换请求消息，并从候选目标基站1接收切换请求确认消息，该切换请求确认消息中可以包括候选目标小区1的CHO配置信息。在步骤S403-b和步骤S404-b中，源基站与候选目标基站2进行CHO切换准备，源基站可以向候选目标基站2发送切换请求消息，并从候选目标基站2接收切换请求确认消息，该切换请求确认消息中可以包括候选目标小区2的CHO配置信息。在步骤S405中，源基站可以向UE发送RRC消息，该RRC消息中包括候选目标小区1和候选目标小区2分别对应的CHO配置信息。进而，在步骤S406中，当UE接收到该RRC消息后，可根据候选目标小区1和候选目标小区2各自的CHO配置信息，判断候选目标小区1和候选目标小区2各自的CHO执行条件是否满足，并将候选目标小区1和候选目标小区2中满足CHO执行条件的小区作为目标小区。后续，UE可以向目标小区所属的基站发起随机接入，以便接入目标小区。假设UE确定候选目标小区1为目标小区，则在步骤S407中，UE可以与候选目标基站1(即目标基站)进行随机接入过程，随机接入过程成功后，在步骤S408中，UE可以向候选目标基站1(即目标基站)发送RRC重配置完成消息。可以理解，当UE确定候选目标小区1为目标小区之后，候选目标基站也可以被称为目标基站。需要说明的是，图4仅是CHO流程的一种示例，CHO流程还可能会有其他变形，本申请不作限定。图4中的各步骤可以是可选执行的，且各步骤之间的执行顺序可以改变。
具体的，UE可以根据CHO配置信息进行CHO执行条件是否满足的判断。在一个示例中，假设为候选目标小区1配置的CHO执行事件类型是A3事件，触发量为小区的信号质量，对应的门限值为第一阈值，则当候选目标小区1的小区信号质量高于服务小区的小区信号质量第一阈值时，可以认为候选目标小区1满足CHO执行条件，该候选目标小区1可以被确定为目标小区。应注意，所述信号质量可以包括RSRP、RSRQ和SINR中的一项或多项，例如，信号质量可以包括RSRP和RSRQ，或者包括RSRP和SINR，或者包括其他参数，并不限定。当信号质量中包括多个参数时，可以认为它们中的每个都是一个单独 的触发量，例如，当信号质量包括RSRP和RSRQ时，可以认为RSRP是一个触发量，RSRQ是另一个触发量。对于不同的触发量来说，对应的第一阈值可以相同也可以不同，不作限定。具体的，对于候选目标小区1，配置A3事件，并配置两个触发量，分别为RSRP和RSRQ，配置的对应RSRP的第一阈值为E，配置的对应RSRQ的第一阈值为F，则当候选目标小区1的RSRP比服务小区的RSRP高出E，且候选目标小区1的RSRQ比服务小区的RSRQ高出F时，可以认为候选目标小区1满足CHO执行条件，该候选目标小区1可以被确定为目标小区。
在另一个示例中，假设为候选目标小区1配置的CHO执行事件类型是A5事件，触发量为小区的信号质量，且配置的对应的门限值为第二阈值、第三阈值，则当候选目标小区1的小区信号质量高于第二阈值，且服务小区的小区信号质量低于第三阈值时，可以认为候选目标小区1满足CHO执行条件，该候选目标小区1可以被确定为目标小区。
在另一个示例中，假设为候选目标小区1配置的CHO执行事件类型是A3事件、A5事件，A3事件配置的触发量为RSRP，A3事件配置的对应的门限值为第一阈值；A5事件配置的触发量为RSRQ，A5事件配置的对应的门限值为第二阈值、第三阈值，则当候选目标小区1的RSRP比服务小区的RSRP高出第一阈值，且当候选目标小区1的RSRQ高于第二阈值，且服务小区的RSRQ低于第三阈值时，可以认为候选目标小区1满足CHO执行条件，该候选目标小区1可以被确定为目标小区。
需要说明的是，上述的示例仅是举例说明，本申请实施例不限于此。
考虑到NTN通信存在显著的传播时延，可能会造成切换失败，因此NTN通信系统中采用CHO机制增益明显。在NTN通信系统中，由于卫星的移动轨迹是有规律的，网络设备可以知道星历图，例如，具体某个地理位置处的终端设备是由哪个小区/基站为之提供服务，或者具体某段时间段内是由哪个小区/基站为终端设备提供服务。因此，NTN通信系统中的CHO机制可以引入根据时间信息、位置信息来判断CHO执行条件是否满足的准则。
具体的，NTN通信系统的CHO机制中可具有下列三种CHO执行条件信息：
1)基于信号质量。CHO执行条件信息可以包括CHO执行事件类型和相应的门限值。具体可参考上文中关于CHO执行条件信息的相关介绍。
2)基于位置。CHO执行条件信息可以是地理位置信息。示例性的，在一种实施方式中，地理位置信息可以是终端设备在地面的地理位置信息，例如CHO执行条件信息可以包括经纬度数值，该经纬度数值可以用来确定某一块区域或某一固定点，当终端设备的地理位置满足该经纬度要求时，如当终端设备移动到该经纬度数值所指示的区域内或固定点位置时，终端设备可以执行切换。或者，在另一种实施方式中，地理位置信息可以是终端设备与卫星之间的距离，例如CHO执行条件信息可以包括距离门限值，当终端设备与卫星之间的距离达到门限值时，UE可以执行切换。或者，在又一种实施方式中，地理位置信息可以是全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)信息或时间提前量(timing advance，TA)或其他信息，在该实施方式中，一个候选目标小区可以对应一个或多个CHO执行条件信息，且该候选小区有对应的相关信息(即候选目标小区的相关信息)，不同的候选目标小区对应的CHO执行条件信息可以相同或不同，不作限定。
3)基于时间/定时器。CHO执行条件信息可以是时间信息。示例性的，在一种实施方式中，CHO执行条件信息可以是绝对时间值，例如某一具体时刻数值(如世界标准时间(coordinated universal time，UTC)12：00)或某一具体时间段数值(如UTC 12:00-UTC  13:00))，即当绝对时间到达时，终端设备可以执行切换。或者，在另一种实施方式中，CHO执行条件信息可以是相对时间值，例如定时器的有效时长，即终端设备接收到包含CHO配置信息的RRC消息后，启动定时器，当定时器的有效时长到达，终端设备可以执行切换。在该实施方式中，一个候选小区可以对应一个或多个CHO执行条件信息，且该候选目标小区有对应的相关信息(即候选目标小区的相关信息)，不同的候选目标小区对应的CHO执行条件信息可以相同或不同。
网络在进行CHO配置时，可以将上述3种CHO执行条件信息中的至少一种配置成CHO执行条件信息。例如，可以将CHO执行事件类型及相应的门限值、绝对时间值配置成CHO执行条件信息，则当绝对时间到达、且对应的候选目标小区的信号质量满足条件时，终端设备可以将该候选目标小区确定为目标小区，并执行切换。
可以理解，本申请实施例中，终端设备和/或网络设备可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。
本申请实施例以PLMN和AMF实体为例对涉及的方法进行说明，但本申请实施例并不限于PLMN和AMF实体。PLMN还可以是其他通信网络，AMF实体还可以是其他可实现移动管理功能的实体或设备，或在通信网络中实现类似功能的实体或设备。
请参考图5，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图，该方法包括：
步骤S501、候选目标网络设备向源网络设备发送候选目标小区的第一信息，该第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，该第一信息还包括与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，该第二区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域。
相应的，源网络设备可以从候选目标网络设备接收候选目标小区的所述第一信息。
具体的，该第一信息的内容可具有如下多种可能的情形：
1)、第一信息中包括第一PLMN信息和第二PLMN信息，以及与第一PLMN信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，与第二PLMN信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。
2)、第一信息中包括第一AMF信息和第二AMF信息，以及与第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，与第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。
3)、第一信息中包括第一PLMN信息和第一AMF信息、第二PLMN信息和第二AMF信息，以及与第一PLMN信息和第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，与第二PLMN信息和第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。
4)第一信息中包括第一PLMN信息和第二AMF信息，以及与第一PLMN信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，与第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。
5)、第一信息中包括第一AMF信息和第二PLMN信息，以及与第一AMF信息对应 的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，与第二PLMN信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。
为了清楚描述如上所述的第一信息所包含内容的各种可能的表现形式，下文中将以第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息的表述来示例性说明本申请所提供的方法。
步骤S502、源网络设备向终端设备发送候选目标小区的所述第一信息。
相应的，终端设备可以从源网络设备接收候选目标小区的所述第一信息。
本申请实施例中，候选目标小区为支持第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息的小区，候选目标网络设备为管理该候选目标小区的网络设备。在透明转发形式下，所述网络设备是指地面上的无线接入网设备。在再生形式下，所述网络设备是指部署在卫星上的无线接入网设备或卫星，该卫星具备无线接入网设备的功能，或者说无线接入网设备内嵌在卫星上。
其中，第一PLMN信息用于指示第一PLMN，第二PLMN信息用于指示第二PLMN，或者说，第一PLMN信息对应第一PLMN，第二PLMN信息对应第二PLMN。例如，第一PLMN信息可以包括第一PLMN的标识，第二PLMN信息可以包括第二PLMN的标识。即，本申请实施例中所述的PLMN信息可以用PLMN的标识(如PLMN-identifier)来表示。类似的，第一AMF信息用于指示第一AMF，第二AMF信息用于指示第二AMF，或者说，第一AMF信息对应第一AMF，第二AMF信息对应第二AMF。例如，第一AMF信息可以包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括第一AMF的标识和第一PLMN的标识，第二AMF信息可以包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括第二AMF的标识和第二PLMN的标识。即，本申请实施例中所述的AMF信息可以用AMF的标识(如AMF-identifier)来标识，或者用AMF的标识(如AMF-identifier)和PLMN的标识(如PLMN-identifier)的组合来表示。
示例性的，候选目标小区可以为支持覆盖多个国家的地理区域或者多个运营商的服务区域的小区。例如，候选目标小区可以覆盖国家A(或运营商A)和国家B(或运营商B)的地理区域，其中，国家A(或运营商A)可以对应第一PLMN或第一AMF，国家B(或运营商B)可以对应第二PLMN或第二AMF。或者说，国家A(或运营商A)部署的管理该候选目标小区的PLMN为第一PLMN，AMF为第一AMF；国家B(或运营商B)部署的管理该候选目标小区的PLMN为第二PLMN，AMF为第二AMF。
如图6所示，假设将国家A(或运营商A)在该候选目标小区中覆盖的区域记为第一区域，将国家B(或运营商B)在该候选目标小区中覆盖的区域记为第二区域，则可以认为候选目标小区覆盖第一区域和第二区域，其中，第一区域与第一PLMN和/或第一AMF相对应，第二区域与第二PLMN和/或第二AMF相对应。
第一区域信息用于指示第一区域的地理位置/范围，第二区域信息用于指示第二区域的地理位置/范围。所述区域信息可以用经度信息、纬度信息和高度信息中的一种或多种地理位置信息来表示，也可以在经度信息、纬度信息和高度信息中的一种或多种信息的基础上结合其它参数(如直径/半径信息)来表示，或者还可以用区域标识(如ID或index)来表示，其中区域标识与其表示的区域具体的地理位置/范围(例如用经度信息、维度信息和高度信息表示的位置/范围)之间存在映射关系，该映射关系可以是协议约定的或者是网络设备通过系统消息或RRC消息或层二消息发送给终端设备的，本申请并不限定。当然，所 述区域信息也可以采用其他的表示形式，如行政区域的名称或标识等，本申请并不限定。
进一步的，候选目标网络设备可以针对该候选目标小区中不同的PLMN和/或AMF分别配置CHO配置信息。具体的，第一CHO配置信息可以对应于第一PLMN和/或第一AMF，第二CHO配置信息可以对应于第二PLMN和/或第二AMF。
第一CHO配置信息中可以包括第一CHO执行条件信息，该第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第一PLMN和/或第一AMF对应的CHO执行条件(可以称为第一CHO执行条件)。该第一CHO执行条件可以是基于信号质量的CHO执行条件、或基于时间/定时器的CHO执行条件、或基于位置的CHO执行条件中的一种或多种，相应的，该第一CHO执行条件信息可以包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种。第一CHO执行条件信息的具体实施方式可参考上文中对CHO执行条件信息的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
类似的，第二CHO配置信息中可以包括第二CHO执行条件信息，该第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区的与第二PLMN和/或第二AMF对应的CHO执行条件(可以称为第二CHO执行条件)。该第二CHO执行条件可以是基于信号质量的CHO执行条件、或基于时间/定时器的CHO执行条件、或基于位置的CHO执行条件中的一种或多种，相应的，该第二CHO执行条件信息可以包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种。
值得注意的是，本申请实施例中，第一CHO配置信息中包括的内容与第二CHO配置信息中包括的内容可以完全相同或部分相同或完全不同。例如，第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息可以相同或不同，所述RACH资源信息可以包括前导码(如preamble index)、时频资源等，因此，所述两个RACH资源信息不同可以是指前导码不同和/或时频资源不同。又例如，第一CHO配置信息中包括的第一CHO执行条件信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的第二CHO执行条件信息可以相同或不同。再例如，第一CHO配置信息中包括的用于终端设备接入该候选目标小区的密钥信息/参数与第二CHO配置信息中包括的用于终端设备接入该候选目标小区的密钥信息/参数可以相同或不同。本申请实施例中，源网络设备和候选目标网络设备可以针对候选目标小区的第一PLMN和/或第一AMF，以及第二PLMN和/或第二AMF分别执行CHO准备过程，并向终端设备分别发送候选目标小区的与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息相关的内容，以及与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息相关的内容。
下面详细说明网络设备(如源网络设备、候选目标网络设备)与第一PLMN和/或第一AMF之间进行的CHO准备过程。
在一种可能的实施方式中，若源网络设备与候选目标网络设备之间存在直接连接的通信接口(如Xn接口)，源网络设备可以通过该直接连接的通信接口与候选目标网络设备进行信息交互，执行CHO准备，获取相应的CHO配置信息，此时切换过程可以称为基于Xn接口的CHO过程。示例性的，如图7所示，在步骤S701中，源基站可以直接向候选目标基站发送切换请求消息。在步骤S702中，候选目标基站接收到该切换请求消息之后，可以根据该切换请求消息进行准纳控制/切换准备。如果候选目标基站决定接纳该切换请求，则候选目标基站可以进行资源配置、以及CHO配置信息的配置等处理。进而，在步骤S703中，候选目标基站可以向源基站发送切换请求确认消息，该切换请求确认消息中包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及与该第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第 一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，若源网络设备与候选目标网络设备之间不存在直接连接的通信接口，源网络设备可以通过无线接入网设备与核心网设备之间的通信接口间接地与候选目标网络设备进行信息交互，即通过核心网设备的中间转发来执行CHO准备。所述核心网设备例如可以是AMF，所述无线接入网设备与核心网设备之间的通信接口例如可以是NG接口，此时，切换过程可以称为基于NG接口的CHO过程。示例性的，如图8所示，当源基站与候选目标基站属于不同的AMF或受不同AMF管理时，在步骤S801中，源基站可以向源AMF发送第一切换请求消息，源AMF是指管理源基站的AMF，该第一切换请求消息可以是HO required消息或者具有其他名称并不限定。在步骤S802中，源AMF接收到该第一切换请求消息之后，可以向目标AMF1发送第二切换请求消息，该目标AMF1是指管理候选目标基站的AMF，可以为上文中所述的第一AMF或者是第一PLMN对应的AMF，该第二切换请求消息可以是Namf_Communication_CreatUEContext Request消息或者具有其他名称并不限定。在步骤S803中，目标AMF1接收到该第二切换请求消息后，可以向候选目标基站发送第三切换请求消息，该第三切换请求消息可以是HO request消息或者具有其他名称并不限定。在步骤S804中，候选目标基站接收到第三请求消息后，可以基于该第三请求消息对UE的切换进行准纳控制/切换准备。如果候选目标基站决定接纳该切换请求，则候选目标基站可以进行资源配置、以及CHO配置信息的配置等处理。进而，在步骤S805中，候选目标基站可以向目标AMF1发送第三切换响应消息，该第三切换响应消息可以是HO requestACK消息或者具有其他名称并不限定。在步骤S806中，目标AMF1接收到该第三切换响应消息之后，可以向源AMF发送第二切换响应消息，该第二切换响应消息可以是Namf_Communication_CreatUEContext Response消息或者具有其他名称并不限定。在步骤S807中，源AMF接收到该第二切换响应消息之后，可以向源基站发送第一切换响应消息，该第一切换响应消息可以是HO command消息或者具有其他名称并不限定。上述第三切换响应消息、第二切换响应消息和第一切换响应消息中可以包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及与该第一PLMN和/或第一AMF对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域。应注意，源AMF与目标AMF1可以相同，也可以不同，并不限定。
进一步的，源网络设备从候选目标网络设备获取到候选目标小区的第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及与该第一PLMN和/或第一AMF对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息之后，源网络设备可以向终端设备发送第一RRC消息，该第一RRC消息中包括候选目标小区的第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及与该第一PLMN和/或第一AMF对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息。
网络设备(如源网络设备、候选目标网络设备)与第二PLMN和/或第二AMF之间进行的CHO准备过程可参考上面所描述的网络设备(如源网络设备、候选目标网络设备)与第一PLMN和/或第一AMF之间进行的CHO准备过程的实施方式，在此不再展开说明。
类似的，源网络设备从候选目标网络设备获取到候选目标小区的第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息，以及与该第二PLMN和/或第二AMF对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息之后，源网络设备可以向终端设备发送第二RRC消息，该第二RRC消息中包括候选目标小区的第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息，以及与该第二PLMN和/或第二 AMF对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。
该第二RRC消息与上文中的第一RRC消息可以是同一条RRC消息，也可以是不同的RRC消息，本申请并不限定。也就是说，当候选目标小区为支持多个PLMN和/或多个AMF的NTN小区时，源网络设备可以通过一条或多条RRC消息向终端设备发送该候选目标小区的多个PLMN和/或AMF分别对应的CHO配置信息、区域信息等。
根据上述CHO切换准备过程可知，尽管本申请实施例在步骤S501和步骤S502中描述了候选目标网络设备向源网络设备发送候选目标小区的第一信息，源网络设备向终端设备发送该候选目标小区的第一信息，但是本申请实施例不限于将第一信息中包含的所有内容作为一个整体携带在一条RRC消息发送的情形，该第一信息中的不同的PLMN信息和/或AMF信息，及其对应的CHO配置信息和区域信息可以分别通过不同的RRC消息发送，从而更贴合候选目标网络设备对其支持的不同的PLMN和/或AMF进行独立管理和配置的理念。
需要说明的是，源网络设备可以为终端设备配置一个或多个候选目标小区，本申请实施例是以源网络设备为终端设备配置的一个候选目标小区为例来说明，当候选目标小区为支持多个PLMN和/或多个AMF的NTN小区时具体的CHO切换机制。而源网络设备为该终端设备配置的其他候选目标小区也可以是覆盖了多个国家的地理区域或者多个运营商的服务区域的NTN小区(即支持多个PLMN和/或AMF的NTN小区)，也可以不是，不作限定。而且，源网络设备为该终端设备配置的其他候选目标小区与本申请实施例中举例说明的候选目标小区可以属于同一网络设备，也可以属于不同的网络设备，本申请并不限定。
可选的，如果源网络设备为终端设备配置的候选目标小区有多个，则源网络设备还可以从其他候选目标网络设备获取其他候选目标小区的CHO配置信息，并将该其它候选目标小区的CHO配置信息携带在第三RRC消息中发送给终端设备。即，源网络设备可以向终端设备发送第三RRC消息，该第三RRC消息中包括其他候选目标小区对应的CHO配置信息。可以理解，如前所述，该其他候选目标小区可以同样是支持多个PLMN和/或AMF的候选小区，也可以不是，并不限定。因此，当该候选目标小区也是支持多个PLMN和/或AMF的候选小区时，该第三RRC消息中还可以包括该其它候选目标小区的CHO配置信息对应的PLMN信息和/或AMF信息、以及区域信息。类似的，该第三RRC消息与第一RRC消息可以是同一条RRC消息，也可以是不同的RRC消息，并不限定。该第三RRC消息与第二RRC消息可以是同一条RRC消息，也可以是不同的RRC消息，也不限定。
步骤S503、终端设备根据第一信息和自身当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息。
具体的，若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，则终端设备可以确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定第一PLMN信息为目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定该第一AMF信息为目标AMF信息。
可选的，若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件和第二CHO配置信息中的第二CHO执行条件均满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，则终端设备可以确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第一PLMN信息为目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定该第一AMF信息为目标AMF信息。
所述目标PLMN信息用于指示目标PLMN，所述目标AMF信息用于指示目标AMF， 或者说，所述目标PLMN信息对应目标PLMN，所述目标AMF信息对应目标AMF。
可选的，终端设备还可以确定该第一区域为目标区域，所述目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息即为目标区域对应的PLMN信息和/或AMF信息。
本申请实施例中，终端设备接收到该候选目标小区的第一CHO配置信息和第二CHO配置信息后，可以判断该第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件和第二CHO配置信息中的第二CHO执行条件是否满足，并结合终端设备自身的位置(如当前所处的区域)、终端设备支持的PLMN和/或AMF等，来确定目标小区、目标PLMN和/或目标AMF。
值得注意的是，所述第一区域也可以理解为候选目标小区中满足CHO执行条件的一个或多个区域中与终端设备所在位置所属的区域重叠的区域。进一步地，如果位于第一区域内的终端设备能将该满足CHO执行条件的小区确定为目标小区，则要求终端设备必须能够支持该第一区域对应的第一PLMN和/或第一AMF，终端设备也可以同时支持第二AMF和/或第二PLMN，并不限定。如果终端设备不支持第一AMF和/或第一PLMN，那么即使该小区满足对应的CHO执行条件，也不能被确定为目标小区。
鉴于此，一种可能的实施方式为，若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，终端设备支持该第一区域对应的第一PLMN和/或第一AMF，则终端设备可以确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第一PLMN为目标PLMN，和/或，确定该第一AMF为目标AMF。
另一种可能的实施方式为，若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件和第二CHO配置信息中的第二CHO执行条件均满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，终端设备支持该第一区域对应的第一PLMN和/或第一AMF，则终端设备可以确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第一PLMN为目标PLMN，和/或，确定该第一AMF为目标AMF。
应理解，第一区域仅为一种示例，若第二CHO配置信息中的第二CHO执行条件满足，且终端设备当前位于第二区域内，终端设备支持该第二区域对应的第二PLMN和/或第二AMF，则终端设备可以确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第二PLMN为目标PLMN，和/或，确定该第二AMF为目标AMF。可选的，可以将第二区域确定为目标区域。在这一情形下，第二区域的相关处理可以参考上述对第一区域的相关描述，不再赘述。
示例性的，终端设备可以根据当前所在的位置，将所在位置(或所在位置所属的区域)支持/允许终端设备接入的PLMN和/或AMF所管辖的候选目标小区确定为目标小区。
例如，结合图6所示，假设UE1支持PLMN1和PLMN2，如果UE1判断CHO执行条件后，确定第一CHO配置信息所对应的cell1满足CHO执行条件，且第二CHO配置信息所对应的cell1也满足CHO执行条件信息，则UE1可以根据自身的地理位置，确定自身处于第一区域内，该第一区域与PLMN1和第一CHO配置信息相对应，由于该第一区域内支持/允许UE1接入的PLMN和/或AMF为PLMN1和/或AMF1，则UE1可以将第一CHO配置信息所对应的cell1确定为目标小区，并将PLMN1确定为目标PLMN，将AMF1确定为目标AMF。可选的，UE1还可以将第一区域确定为目标区域。
再例如，假设UE2支持PLMN1、PLMN2，如果UE2判断CHO执行条件后，确定第二CHO配置信息所对应的cell1满足CHO执行条件信息，则UE2可以根据自身的地理位置，确定自身处于第二区域内，由于该第二区域内支持/允许UE2接入的PLMN和/或AMF为PLMN2和/或AMF2，则UE2可以将第二CHO配置信息所对应的cell1确定为目标小区，并将PLMN2确定为目标PLMN，将AMF2确定为目标AMF。
又例如，假设UE2支持PLMN1和PLMN2，如果UE2判断CHO执行条件后，确定第一CHO配置信息所对应的cell1满足CHO执行条件信息，且第二CHO配置信息所对应的cell1也满足CHO执行条件信息，则UE2可以根据自身的地理位置，确定自身处于第二区域内，由于该第二区域内支持/允许UE2接入的PLMN和/或AMF为PLMN2和/或AMF2，则UE2可以将第二CHO配置信息所对应的cell1确定为目标小区，并将PLMN2确定为目标PLMN，将AMF2确定为目标AMF。可选的，UE2还可以将第二区域确定目标区域。
步骤S504、终端设备向目标网络设备发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示终端设备已成功切换至目标小区，该第一消息中包括目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息。
相应的，目标网络设备可以从终端设备接收该第一消息。
可以理解，本申请实施例中，管理候选目标小区的网络设备称为候选目标网络设备，或者说，候选目标小区所属的网络设备为候选目标网络设备。而当终端设备将该候选目标小区确定为目标小区之后，该候选目标网络设备可以被称为目标网络设备，即目标网络设备为被确定为目标小区的那个候选目标小区所属的网络设备。
所述目标小区支持第一PLMN和/或第一AMF，以及支持第二PLMN和/或第二AMF；或者说，所述目标小区接入第一PLMN和/或第一AMF，以及接入第二PLMN和/或第二AMF；或者说，所述目标小区属于第一PLMN，目标小区所连接的核心网设备为第一AMF，并且所述目标小区也属于第二PLMN，目标小区所连接的核心网设备为第二AMF；再或者，所述目标小区受第一PLMN和/或第一AMF管理，并受第二PLMN和/或第二AMF管理。相应的，目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息可以为第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，或者为第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息。
可选的，该第一消息中还可以包括下列信息中的一项或多项：目标小区的标识信息(如PCI和/或C-RNTI，或CGI)、目标小区对应的索引信息(如该目标小区对应的测量标识(measID)和/或该目标小区对应的CHO配置标识(CondReconfigId))、目标PLMN或目标AMF对应的CHO配置信息中除目标小区对应的索引信息、标识信息之外的其他信息、目标PLMN或目标AMF对应的区域信息。
示例性的，第一小区为候选目标小区，该第一小区可以是源网络设备为终端设备配置的多个候选目标小区中的其中一个，则如果终端设备将该第一小区确定为目标小区，以及将该第一小区所属的第一PLMN确定为目标PLMN，和/或，将管理该第一小区的第一AMF确定为目标AMF后，终端设备可以向该第一小区所属的网络设备(即目标网络设备)发送第一消息，该第一消息中包括以下至少一项：第一PLMN信息、第一AMF信息、第一小区的标识信息(如第一小区的PCI和/或C-RNTI，或CGI)、第一小区的第一CHO配置信息中的一项或多项，该第一CHO配置信息中包括第一小区对应的索引信息(如测量标识measID和/或CHO配置标识CondReconfigId)、第一PLMN信息或第一AMF信息对应的区域信息。
可以理解，该第一小区所属的网络设备在该第一小区被确定为目标小区之前可以被称为候选目标网络设备，在该第一小区被确定为目标小区之后，该第一小区所属的网络设备可以被称为目标网络设备。
可选的，该第一消息可以是切换确认(如HO confirm)消息，或者具有其他名称，本申请并不限定。
如前所述，第一CHO配置信息包括的用于接入候选目标小区的密钥信息/参数与第二 CHO配置信息中包括的用于接入候选目标小区的密钥信息/参数可以相同或不同，第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息也可以相同或不同。
如果第一CHO配置信息包括的用于接入候选目标小区的密钥信息/参数与第二CHO配置信息中包括的用于接入候选目标小区(即目标小区)的密钥信息/参数不同，则当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，例如可以是前导码不同和/或时频资源不同，如果终端设备将该候选目标小区确定为目标小区，并将第一PLMN确定为目标PLMN，将第一AMF确定为目标AMF，则终端设备在向该候选目标小区所属的网络设备(即目标网络设备)发送第一消息时，可以采用第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥对该第一消息进行加密，如此，可有效提高第一消息传输的安全性。可选的，该第一CHO配置信息中可以包括第一密钥信息，终端设备可以根据该第一密钥信息确定第一密钥。
相应的，由于不同的CHO配置信息对应于不同的RACH资源信息，或者说不同的PLMN信息和/或AMF信息对应于不同的RACH资源信息，则目标网络设备接收到第一消息后，可以根据终端设备发起随机接入时使用的RACH资源，确定出终端设备选择的是第一CHO配置信息，或者说确定出终端设备选择的目标PLMN为第一PLMN或选择的目标AMF为第一AMF，进而采用对应的第一密钥对第一消息进行解密，该第一密钥可以是第一CHO配置信息中的第一密钥信息所指示的密钥。
当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，由于目标网络设备无法根据终端设备发起随机接入时使用的RACH资源来判断终端设备使用的是哪个密钥，在这一场景下，为了使目标网络设备能够正确接收/解析第一消息，终端设备可以向目标网络设备发送两条第一消息，其中一条第一消息采用第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥进行加密，另一条第一消息采用第二CHO配置信息对应的第二密钥进行加密，如此，可有效提高第一消息传输的安全性。可选的，该第一CHO配置信息中可以包括第一密钥信息，第二CHO配置信息中可以包含第二密钥信息，终端设备可以根据该第一密钥信息确定第一密钥，以及根据第二密钥信息确定第二密钥。相应的，目标网络设备接收到两条第一消息后，可以使用第一密钥对两条第一消息进行解密，和/或，使用第二密钥对两条第一消息进行解密。可以看出，在这一情形下，无论终端设备采用第一密钥还是采用第二密钥对第一消息加密，目标网络设备都能够对第一消息进行解密，获取其中的信息。
可选的，在一种可能的实施方式中，当不同的CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，终端设备也可以采用第一CHO配置信息对应的密钥或第二CHO配置信息对应的密钥对第一消息进行加密。虽然不同的CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同，目标网络设备无法根据终端设备进行随机接入时使用的RACH资源信息判断第一消息加密的密钥，但是由于终端设备采用的是其中的一个CHO配置信息对应的密钥对第一消息进行加密的，此时目标网络设备可使用不同CHO配置信息对应的秘钥(即第一CHO配置信息对应的密钥和第二CHO配置信息对应的密钥)进行解密尝试，进而，目标网络设备可成功解密第一消息。
可选的，目标网络设备从终端设备接收第一消息后，可以向目标AMF发送第二消息，该第二消息用于向目标AMF通知终端设备已完成切换。该第二消息可以为切换通知(HO  notify)消息或具有其他名称，本申请并不限定。示例性的，由于上文中已经假设终端设备位于为第一区域，并且满足第一PLMN和/或第一AMF对应的CHO执行条件，该第一PLMN和/或第一AMF与第一区域相对应，终端设备支持该第一PLMN和/或第一AMF。因此，此处的目标AMF可以是指第一AMF。
可选的，由于目标小区或目标网络设备可以被多个AMF管理(如上文中所述的第一AMF和第二AMF)，因此，目标网络设备从终端设备接收第一消息后，目标网络设备可以根据该第一消息确定终端设备选择的目标AMF。若目标网络设备确定目标AMF为第一AMF，则目标网络设备可以向第二AMF发送第三消息，该第三消息用于指示第二AMF释放该第二AMF为该终端设备建立的连接，所述连接是指第二AMF为该终端设备建立的该第二AMF与目标网络设备之间的连接。该第三消息中可以包括连接释放原因值，例如该连接释放原因值用于指示连接释放原因为位置异常或AMF不可用。此处，第二AMF是指用于管理目标网络设备但是不允许终端设备接入的AMF或者说是非目标AMF。
可选的，当终端设备将第一PLMN确定为目标PLMN，将第一AMF确定为目标AMF后，终端设备也可以释放第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息，以及释放第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。或者，目标网络设备还可以向终端设备发送第四消息，该第四消息用于指示终端设备释放第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息，以及对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，相应的，终端设备在接收到第四消息后，可以释放第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息，以及释放第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。通过该方案，终端设备可以及时删除或释放不需要的配置信息或资源等，从而可有效提高资源利用率。
应理解，本申请实施例是以第一AMF和第二AMF为例进行说明的，当目标小区或目标网络设备被更多的AMF管理时，目标网络设备可以向除目标AMF之外的每个AMF都发送第三消息，以指示这些AMF释放为终端设备建立的连接。
由此可知，上述技术方案提供了一种当将覆盖了多个国家的地理区域或多个运营商的服务区域的小区配置为终端设备的候选目标小区时的CHO机制。由于终端设备能够根据满足CHO执行条件的小区以及自身的位置、自身支持的PLMN和/或AMF，来从配置的候选目标小区中确定目标小区、目标PLMN和/或目标AMF，因此，采用上述技术方案，可有效提高切换的可靠性。
请参考图9，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的一个具体示例。在该示例中，S-gNB表示源基站，S-AMF表示源AMF，T-gNB表示目标基站，也可以称为candidate T-gNB，T-AMF1表示目标AMF1，T-AMF2表示目标AMF2。S-gNB可以将T-gNB下的一个小区配置成UE的候选目标小区，对于该候选目标小区，T-AMF1为管理该候选目标小区中与PLMN1对应的虚拟小区的AMF，T-AMF2为管理该候选目标小区中与PLMN2对应的虚拟小区的AMF，即该候选目标小区为支持PLMN1和PLMN2的小区，或者，该候选目标小区为支持T-AMF1和T-AMF2的小区。换言之，该候选目标小区可以连接的核心网设备为T-AMF1和/或T-AMF2，该候选目标小区属于PLMN1和/或PLMN2。或者，该候选目标小区受T-AMF1/T-AMF2/PLMN1/PLMN2管理。如图9所示，在步骤S901-a中，S-gNB通过S-AMF和T-AMF1与T-gNB进行CHO准备。类似的，在步骤S901-b中，S-gNB通过S-AMF和T-AMF2与T-gNB进行CHO准备。在步骤S902-a中，S-gNB可以向UE发送第一CHO配置信息，该第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息。类似的，在步骤S902-b中，S-gNB可以向UE发送第二CHO配置信息，该第二CHO配置信息中包 括第二CHO执行条件信息。第一CHO配置信息和第二CHO配置信息可以在同一条RRC消息中发送，也可以在不同的RRC消息中发送，并不限定。在步骤S903中，UE可以根据第一CHO配置信息和第二CHO配置信息，判断CHO执行条件是否满足。若UE位于PLMN1对应的区域内，UE支持PLMN1，且第一CHO执行条件满足，则UE可以确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，并确定PLMN1为目标PLMN，T-AMF1为目标AMF。进而，在步骤S904中，UE可以向T-gNB发送切换确认消息，该切换通知消息用于向T-gNB通知UE已经成功切换至目标小区，该切换确认消息中包括目标PLMN信息和/或AMF信息(即PLMN1的信息和/或T-AMF1的信息)。随后，在步骤S905中，T-gNB可以向T-AMF1发送切换通知消息，该切换通知消息用于向T-AMF1通知UE已完成切换。在步骤S906中，T-gNB可以向T-AMF2(即非目标AMF)发送连接释放消息，该连接释放消息用于指示T-AMF2释放为该UE建立的该T-AMF2与T-gNB之间的连接，该连接释放消息中包括连接释放原因，如位置异常或T-AMF2不可用或T-AMF2与UE位置不匹配。
需要说明的是，图9中所示的T-AMF1与S-AMF可以相同或不同，T-AMF2与S-AMF可以相同或不同，并不限定。应注意，T-AMF1与T-AMF2不同。而S-gNB与T-gNB可以是一个基站，也可以是不同的基站，本申请实施例并不限定。
可选的，本申请实施例中的目标网络设备可以为包括CU节点和DU节点的分离式的形态。具体的，如果目标网络设备为包括CU节点和DU节点的分离式的形态，则作为消息/信息接收方的CU节点可以将接收到的信息中的部分或全部信息发送给DU节点，例如，目标CU节点可以将接收到的第一消息中包含的部分或全部信息发送给目标DU节点。目标CU节点即为目标网络设备的CU节点，目标DU节点即为目标网络设备的DU节点，第一消息中包含的信息可参考上文中的描述，此处不再重复。
进一步的，如果CU节点可以划分为控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)，则作为消息/信息接收方的CU-CP节点可以将接收到的信息中的部分或全部信息发送给CU-UP节点。例如，目标CU-CP节点可以将接收到的第一消息中包含的部分或全部信息发送给目标CU-UP节点。
可选的，本申请实施例中的终端设备可以为包括CU节点和DU节点的分离式的形态。进一步的，终端设备中的CU节点也可以划分控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)。具体的，如果终端设备为包括CU节点和DU节点的分离式的形态，或者进一步的终端设备的CU节点包括控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)，则作为消息/信息接收方的CU节点(或CU-CP节点)可以将接收到的信息中的部分或全部信息发送给DU节点(或CU-UP节点)。具体实施方式可参考上文中的描述，不再赘述。
由此可知，上述技术方案给出了CU-DU场景下的信息交互方法，使得发送/接收节点之间能合理、及时交互信息，保证CHO流程的正常进行，提高系统可靠性。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，请参考图10，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图，该通信装置1000包括：收发模块1010和处理模块1020。
在一个实施例中，该通信装置可用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及终端设备的功能。例如，该通信装置可以是终端设备，例如手持终端设备或车载终端设备；该通信装置还可以是终端设备中包括的芯片或者电路，或者包括终端设备的装置，如各种类型的车辆等。
示例性的，当该通信装置执行图5中所示的方法实施例中对应终端设备的操作或者步 骤时，收发模块1010用于，从源网络设备接收候选目标小区的第一信息，该第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，该第一信息还包括与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，该第二区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；处理模块1020用于，根据该第一信息与自身当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理模块1020具体用于，若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，则终端设备可确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第一PLMN信息为目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定该第一AMF信息为目标AMF信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理模块1020具体用于，若第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件和第二CHO配置信息中的第二CHO执行条件均满足，且终端设备当前位于第一区域内，则终端设备可确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，以及确定该第一PLMN信息为目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定该第一AMF信息为目标AMF信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发模块1010还用于，向目标网络设备发送第一消息，该第一消息用于指示终端设备已经成功切换至目标小区，该第一消息中包括目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，所述目标网络设备为管理目标小区的网络设备。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一消息中还包括目标小区的标识信息、目标小区对应的索引信息。
在一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，该第一消息可采用第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥进行加密。
在一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，所述收发模块1010具体用于，向目标网络设备发送两条第一消息，其中，一条第一消息采用第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥进行加密，另一条第一消息采用第二CHO配置信息对应的第二密钥进行加密。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，该第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO执行条件，该第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括第一AMF的标识和第一PLMN的标识；所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，该第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO执行条件，该第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，该第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括第二AMF的标识和第二PLMN的标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述处理模块1020还用于，释放第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息，以及释放第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息。在另一个实施例中，该通信装 置可用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及网络设备(例如源网络设备或目标网络设备(或者称为候选目标网络设备))的功能。例如，该通信装置可以是网络设备或网络设备中包括的芯片或电路。
示例性的，当该通信装置执行图5中所示的方法实施例中对应源网络设备的操作或者步骤时，收发模块1010用于，从候选目标网络设备接收候选目标小区的第一信息，该第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，该第一信息还包括与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，该第二区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；处理模块1020用于，通过所述收发模块1020向终端设备发送候选目标小区的该第一信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，该第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO执行条件，该第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括第一AMF的标识和第一PLMN的标识；所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO执行条件，该第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括第二AMF的标识和第二PLMN的标识。
当该通信装置执行图5中所示的方法实施例中对应目标网络设备的操作或者步骤时，收发模块1010用于，向源网络设备发送候选目标小区的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，该第一信息还包括与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，该第一区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，该第二区域信息用于指示候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；若终端设备确定该候选目标小区为目标小区，处理模块1020用于通过所述收发模块1010从终端设备接收第一消息，该第一消息用于指示终端设备已经成功切换至该目标小区，该第一消息中包括目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，该目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息为第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，或者为第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息。
在一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，所述处理模块1020具体用于，根据终端设备发起随机接入过程使用的RACH资源信息，确定对第一消息进行解密的第一密钥，并使用该第一密钥对第一消息进行解密。
在一种可能的设计中，当第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，所述收发模块1010具体用于，从终端设备接收两条第一消息，所述处理模块1020具体用于，使用第一密钥对两条第一消息进行解密， 和/或，使用第二密钥对两条第一消息进行解密；其中，第一密钥为第一CHO配置信息对应的密钥，第二密钥为第二CHO配置信息对应的密钥。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发模块1010还用于，向目标AMF信息对应的目标AMF发送第二消息，该第二消息用于向目标AMF指示终端设备已完成切换。
在一种可能的设计中，所述收发模块1010还用于，向第一AMF信息和第二AMF信息中除目标AMF信息之外的另一AMF信息对应的AMF发送第三消息，该第三消息用于指示该另一AMF释放为终端设备建立的连接。
在一种可能的设计中，该第三消息中包括连接释放原因值，该连接释放原因值为位置异常或AMF不可用。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，该第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示候选目标小区与第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息对应的CHO执行条件，该第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括第一AMF的标识和第一PLMN的标识；所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，该第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示目标小区与第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息对应的CHO执行条件，该第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括第二AMF的标识和第二PLMN的标识。
该通信装置中涉及的处理模块1020可以由至少一个处理器或处理器相关电路组件实现，收发模块1010可以由至少一个收发器或收发器相关电路组件或通信接口实现。该通信装置中的各个模块的操作和/或功能分别为了实现图5、图7、图8或图9中所示方法的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。可选的，该通信装置中还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块可以用于存储数据和/或指令，收发模块1010和/或处理模块1020可以读取存取模块中的数据和/或指令，从而使得通信装置实现相应的方法。该存储模块例如可以通过至少一个存储器实现。
上述存储模块、处理模块和收发模块可以分离存在，也可以全部或者部分模块集成，例如存储模块和处理模块集成，或者处理模块和收发模块集成等。
请参考图11，为本申请实施例中提供的一种通信装置的另一结构示意图。该通信装置可用于实现上述方法实施例中终端设备对应的功能，例如可以是终端设备或者能够支持终端设备实现上述方法实施例中对应功能的装置等。或者，该通信装置也可用于实现上述方法实施例中源网络设备或目标网络设备对应的功能，例如可以是源网络设备或目标网络设备，或者能够支持源网络设备或目标网络设备实现上述方法实施例中对应功能的装置。
该通信装置1100可以包括处理器1101、通信接口1102和存储器1103。其中，通信接口1102用于通过传输介质与其它设备进行通信，该通信接口1102可以是收发器、也可以为接口电路如收发电路、收发芯片等。存储器1103用于存储程序指令和/或数据，处理器1101用于执行存储器1103中存储的程序指令，从而实现上述方法实施例中的方法。可选的，存储器1103和处理器1101耦合，所述耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。
在一个实施例中，通信接口1102可具体用于执行上述收发模块1010的动作，处理器1101可具体用于执行上述处理模块1020的动作，本申请在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口1102、处理器1101以及存储器1103之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图11中以存储器1103、处理器1101以及通信接口1102之间通过总线1104连接，总线在图11中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图11中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
请参考图12，示出了一种简化的通信装置的结构示意图，该通信装置具体可为一种终端设备，用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及终端设备的功能。便于理解和图示方便，在图12中，将终端设备以手机作为例子。如图12所示，终端设备包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，当然，也还可以包括射频电路、天线以及输入输出装置等。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据等。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。需要说明的是，有些种类的终端设备可以不具有输入输出装置。
当需要发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端设备时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。为便于说明，图12中仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端设备产品中，可以存在一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等。存储器可以是独立于处理器设置，也可以是与处理器集成在一起，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
在本申请实施例中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和射频电路视为终端设备的收发单元，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备的处理单元。如图12所示，终端设备包括收发单元1210和处理单元1220。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。处理单元也可以称为处理器，处理单板，处理模块、处理装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元1210中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元1210中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元1210包括接收单元和发送单元。收发单元有时也可以称为收发机、收发器、或收发电路等。接收单元有时也可以称为接收机、接收器、或接收电路等。发送单元有时也可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。应理解，收发单元1210用于执行上述方法实施例中终端设备侧的发送操作和接收操作，处理单元1220用于执行上述方法实施例中终端设备上除了收发操作之外的其他操作。
请参考图13，示出了另一种简化的通信装置的结构示意图，该通信装置可具体为一种网络设备，例如基站，用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及网络设备(如源网络设备或目标网络设备或候选目标网络设备)的功能。
该网络设备1300包括：一个或多个DU 1301和一个或多个CU 1302。其中，所述DU 1301可以包括至少一个天线13011，至少一个射频单元13012，至少一个处理器13013和至少一个存储器13014。所述DU 1301主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号 的转换，以及部分基带处理。
所述CU 1302可以包括至少一个处理器13022和至少一个存储器13021。所述CU 1302主要用于进行基带处理，对基站进行控制等。所述CU 1302是基站的控制中心，也可以称为处理单元。例如所述CU 1302可以用于控制基站执行上述图5、图7、图8或图9所示方法中关于源网络设备或者目标网络设备对应的操作或步骤。
CU 1302和DU 1301之间可以通过接口进行通信，其中，控制面(control plane，CP)接口可以为Fs-C，比如F1-C，用户面(user plane，UP)接口可以为Fs-U，比如F1-U。所述DU 1301与CU 1302可以是物理上设置在一起，也可以物理上分离设置的(即分布式基站)，并不限定。
具体的，CU和DU上的基带处理可以根据无线网络的协议层划分，例如PDCP层及以上协议层的功能设置在CU，PDCP层以下的协议层(例如RLC层和MAC层等)的功能设置在DU。又例如，CU实现RRC，PDCP层的功能，DU实现RLC、MAC和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。
可选的，基站1300可以包括一个或多个射频单元(RU)，一个或多个DU和一个或多个CU。其中，DU可以包括至少一个处理器13013和至少一个存储器13014，RU可以包括至少一个天线13011和至少一个射频单元13012，CU可以包括至少一个处理器13022和至少一个存储器13021。
在一个实施例中，所述CU 1302可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入指示的无线接入网(如5G网)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网，5G网或其他网)。所述存储器13021和处理器13022可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外，每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。所述DU 1301可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入指示的无线接入网(如5G网)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网，5G网或其他网)。所述存储器13014和处理器13013可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片系统实现上述任一方法实施例中的对应终端设备的方法或者对应网络设备(如源网络设备或目标网络设备)的方法。
可选地，该芯片系统中的处理器可以为一个或多个。该处理器可以通过硬件实现也可以通过软件实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等。当通过软件实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现。
可选地，该芯片系统中的存储器也可以为一个或多个。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。示例性的，存储器可以是非瞬时性处理器，例如只读存储器ROM，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请对存储器的类型，以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不作具体限定。
示例性的，该芯片系统可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是系统芯片 (system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。
应理解，上述方法实施例中的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机可读指令时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序产品时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括源网络设备、目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统还可以包括至少一个终端设备。在CHO切换场景中，在终端设备确定切换到目标网络设备之前，该目标网络设备可以是源网络设备配置的候选目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可以包括源网络设备配置的其他一个或多个候选目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可以包括核心网设备。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是CPU，还可以是其他通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)集成在处理器中。
应注意，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，上述各过程或步骤的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程或步骤的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可 以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    从源网络设备接收候选目标小区的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第一公共陆地移动网络PLMN信息和/或第一接入与移动性管理功能AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，所述第一信息还包括与所述第一PLMN信息和/或所述第一AMF信息对应的第一条件切换CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与所述第二PLMN信息和/或所述第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，所述第一区域信息用于指示所述候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，所述第二区域信息用于指示所述候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；
    根据所述第一信息和终端设备当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一信息和终端设备当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，包括：
    若所述第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件满足，且所述终端设备当前位于所述第一区域内，则所述终端设备确定所述候选目标小区为所述目标小区，以及确定所述第一PLMN信息为所述目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定所述第一AMF信息为所述目标AMF信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一信息和终端设备当前所在的区域，确定目标小区和目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，包括：
    若所述第一CHO配置信息中的第一CHO执行条件和所述第二CHO配置信息中的第二CHO执行条件均满足，且所述终端设备当前位于所述第一区域内，则所述终端设备确定所述候选目标小区为所述目标小区，以及确定所述第一PLMN信息为所述目标PLMN信息，和/或，确定所述第一AMF信息为所述目标AMF信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端设备成功切换到所述目标小区后，所述方法还包括：
    向目标网络设备发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示所述终端设备已经成功切换至所述目标小区，所述第一消息中包括所述目标PLMN信息和/或所述目标AMF信息，所述目标网络设备为管理所述目标小区的网络设备。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息中还包括所述目标小区的标识信息、所述目标小区对应的索引信息。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一CHO配置信息中包括的随机接入信道RACH资源信息与所述第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，所述第一消息采用所述第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥进行加密。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与所述第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，所述向所述目标网络设备发送第一消息，包括：
    向所述目标网络设备发送两条第一消息，其中，一条所述第一消息采用所述第一CHO配置信息对应的第一密钥进行加密，另一条所述第一消息采用所述第二CHO配置信息对应的第二密钥进行加密。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，所述第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示所述候选目标小区与所述第一PLMN信息和/或所述第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO执行条件，所述第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；
    所述第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，所述第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括所述第一AMF的标识和所述第一PLMN的标识；
    所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，所述第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示所述候选目标小区与所述第二PLMN信息和/或所述第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO执行条件，所述第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；
    所述第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，所述第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括所述第二AMF的标识和所述第二PLMN的标识。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    释放所述第二PLMN信息和/或所述第二AMF信息，以及释放所述第二CHO配置信息和所述第二区域信息。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    从候选目标网络设备接收候选目标小区的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第一公共陆地移动网络PLMN信息和/或第一接入与移动性管理功能AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，所述第一信息还包括与所述第一PLMN信息和/或所述第一AMF信息对应的第一条件切换CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与所述第二PLMN信息和/或所述第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，所述第一区域信息用于指示所述候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，所述第二区域信息用于指示所述候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；
    向所述终端设备发送所述候选目标小区的所述第一信息。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，所述第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示所述候选目标小区与所述第一PLMN信息和/或所述第一AMF信息对应的第一CHO执行条件，所述第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；
    所述第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，所述第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括所述第一AMF的标识和所述第一PLMN的标识；
    所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，所述第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示所述候选目标小区与所述第二PLMN信息和/或所述第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO执行条件，所述第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；
    所述第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，所述第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括所述第二AMF的标识和所述第二PLMN的标识。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    向源网络设备发送候选目标小区的第一信息，所述第一信息包括第一公共陆地移动网 络PLMN信息和/或第一接入与移动性管理功能AMF信息，以及第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息；其中，所述第一信息还包括与所述第一PLMN信息和/或所述第一AMF信息对应的第一条件切换CHO配置信息和第一区域信息，和，与所述第二PLMN信息和/或所述第二AMF信息对应的第二CHO配置信息和第二区域信息，所述第一区域信息用于指示所述候选目标小区覆盖的第一区域，所述第二区域信息用于指示所述候选目标小区覆盖的第二区域；
    若终端设备确定所述候选目标小区为目标小区，则从所述终端设备接收第一消息，所述第一消息用于指示所述终端设备已经成功切换至所述目标小区，所述第一消息中包括目标PLMN信息和/或目标AMF信息，所述目标PLMN信息和/或所述目标AMF信息为第一PLMN信息和/或第一AMF信息，或者为第二PLMN信息和/或第二AMF信息。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一CHO配置信息中包括的随机接入信道RACH资源信息与所述第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息不同时，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述终端设备发起随机接入过程使用的RACH资源信息，确定对所述第一消息进行解密的第一密钥，并使用所述第一密钥对所述第一消息进行解密。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息与所述第二CHO配置信息中包括的RACH资源信息相同时，从所述终端设备接收第一消息，包括：
    从所述终端设备接收两条第一消息；
    使用第一密钥对所述两条第一消息进行解密，和/或，使用第二密钥对所述两条第一消息进行解密；其中，所述第一密钥为所述第一CHO配置信息对应的密钥，所述第二密钥为所述第二CHO配置信息对应的密钥。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述目标AMF信息对应的目标AMF发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于向所述目标AMF指示所述终端设备已完成切换。
  16. 根据权利要求12至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一AMF信息和所述第二AMF信息中除所述目标AMF信息之外的另一AMF信息对应的AMF发送第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述另一AMF释放为所述终端设备建立的连接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三消息中包括连接释放原因值，所述连接释放原因值为位置异常或AMF不可用。
  18. 根据权利要求12至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一CHO配置信息中包括第一CHO执行条件信息，所述第一CHO执行条件信息用于指示所述候选目标小区与所述第一PLMN信息和/或所述第一AMF信息对应的CHO执行条件，所述第一CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；
    所述第一PLMN信息包括第一PLMN的标识，所述第一AMF信息包括第一AMF的标识，或者包括所述第一AMF的标识和所述第一PLMN的标识；
    所述第二CHO配置信息中包括第二CHO执行条件信息，所述第二CHO执行条件信息用于指示所述候选目标小区与所述第二PLMN信息和/或所述第二AMF信息对应的CHO 执行条件，所述第二CHO执行条件信息包括基于信号质量的执行条件信息、或基于时间/定时器的执行条件信息、或基于位置的执行条件信息中的一种或多种；
    所述第二PLMN信息包括第二PLMN的标识，所述第二AMF信息包括第二AMF的标识，或者包括所述第二AMF的标识和所述第二PLMN的标识。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括用于执行如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元，或者包括用于执行如权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元，或者包括用于执行如权利要求12至18中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括至少一个处理器，所述至少一个处理器与至少一个存储器耦合：
    所述至少一个处理器，用于执行所述至少一个存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求12至18中任一项所述的方法。
  21. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储指令，当所述指令被执行时，使如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使如权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使如权利要求12至18中任一项所述的方法被实现。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路；
    所述接口电路，用于交互代码指令至所述处理器；
    所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，或者所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法，或者所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求12至18中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序产品时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求12至18中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统中包括源网络设备、目标网络设备和至少一个终端设备，其中所述终端设备用于实现如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，所述源网络设备用于实现如权利要求10至11中任一项所述的方法，所述目标网络设备用于实现如权利要求12至18中任一项所述的方法。
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