WO2022065182A1 - 射出成形用樹脂組成物および射出成形体 - Google Patents
射出成形用樹脂組成物および射出成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022065182A1 WO2022065182A1 PCT/JP2021/034057 JP2021034057W WO2022065182A1 WO 2022065182 A1 WO2022065182 A1 WO 2022065182A1 JP 2021034057 W JP2021034057 W JP 2021034057W WO 2022065182 A1 WO2022065182 A1 WO 2022065182A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0013—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fillers dispersed in the moulding material, e.g. metal particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/16—Solid spheres
- C08K7/18—Solid spheres inorganic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2509/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2503/00 - B29K2507/00, as filler
- B29K2509/02—Ceramics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/0059—Degradable
- B29K2995/006—Bio-degradable, e.g. bioabsorbable, bioresorbable or bioerodible
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/16—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds the macromolecular compounds being biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an injection molding resin composition and an injection molded product containing a poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component.
- microplastics which are disintegrated and micronized by ultraviolet rays, adsorb harmful compounds in the ocean, and when marine organisms ingest them, harmful substances are taken into the food chain.
- biodegradable plastics are expected for marine pollution caused by such plastics, but according to a report compiled by the United Nations Environmental Plan in 2015, the temperature of biodegradable plastics such as polylactic acid is high. It has been pointed out that it cannot be a countermeasure for marine pollution because it cannot be expected to decompose in a short period of time in the low actual ocean.
- poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin is attracting attention as a material that solves the above-mentioned problems because it is a material that can undergo biodegradation even in seawater.
- Patent Document 1 for the purpose of improving the slow crystallization of a poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin and improving the surface smoothness and mold transferability of the obtained molded product, poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) is used.
- a resin composition containing a poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin such as hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate), pentaerythritol, and a filler is disclosed.
- injection molded products such as spoons are often required to have a high balance of elastic modulus (rigidity) and toughness (difficulty of breaking).
- the obtained injection-molded article may have reduced toughness and may be easily broken.
- the present invention is a resin composition containing a poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component and capable of forming an injection-molded article having a practical balance between elastic modulus and toughness with good productivity.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present invention is a resin composition for injection molding containing a poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin component, wherein the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin component is another hydroxy alkanoate unit.
- the content ratio of the copolymer (A) of the 3-hydroxybutyrate unit and the other hydroxyalkanoate unit is 1 to 6 mol%, and the content ratio of the other hydroxyalkanoate unit is 24 mol% or more.
- the proportion of the copolymer (A) is 72 to 93% by weight, the proportion of the copolymer (B) is 7 to 28% by weight, and the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) is contained in the ate) -based resin component.
- the resin composition for injection molding wherein the content of the layered clay mineral (C) is 5 to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total of the resin components.
- the average content of the other hydroxy alkanoate units in the total monomer units constituting the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component is 2 to 35 mol%.
- the other hydroxy alkanoate unit is a 3-hydroxyhexanoate unit.
- the layered clay mineral (C) is at least one selected from the group consisting of mica, talc, and kaolinite, and the present invention is also used for an injection molded product made of the injection molding resin composition.
- a resin composition containing a poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component capable of forming an injection-molded article having a practical balance between elastic modulus and toughness with good productivity. be able to.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a resin composition used for producing a molded product by being subjected to injection molding.
- the resin composition contains at least a poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin component as a resin component.
- Poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component As the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component, a mixture of at least two types of poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resins having different content ratios of constituent monomers is used. By using the mixture, an injection-molded article having a practical balance between elastic modulus and toughness can be formed with good productivity.
- the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin is preferably a polymer having a 3-hydroxy alkanoate unit, specifically, a polymer containing a unit represented by the following general formula (1). [-CHR-CH 2 -CO-O-] (1)
- R represents an alkyl group represented by C p H 2p + 1
- p represents an integer of 1 to 15.
- R include linear or branched alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, methylpropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group and hexyl group.
- p 1 to 10 is preferable, and 1 to 8 is more preferable.
- poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin a poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin produced from a microorganism is particularly preferable.
- the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin produced from microorganisms all 3-hydroxy alkanoate units are contained as (R) -3-hydroxy alkanoate units.
- the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin preferably contains a 3-hydroxy alkanoate unit (particularly, a unit represented by the general formula (1)) in an amount of 50 mol% or more, preferably 60 mol% or more of all the constituent units. It is more preferable to contain the above, and it is further preferable to contain 70 mol% or more.
- the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin may contain only one or more 3-hydroxyalkanoate units as a constituent unit of the polymer, or one or more of them. In addition to the 3-hydroxy alkanoate unit, it may contain other units (for example, 4-hydroxy alkanoate unit, etc.).
- the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin may be a homopolymer or a copolymer containing a 3-hydroxybutyrate (hereinafter, may be referred to as 3HB) unit. In particular, it is preferable that all 3-hydroxybutyrate units are (R) -3-hydroxybutyrate units. Further, the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin is preferably a copolymer of a 3-hydroxybutyrate unit and another hydroxy alkanoate unit.
- poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin examples include, for example, poly (3-hydroxybutyrate), poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxypropionate), and poly (3-hydroxy).
- Butyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) abbreviation: P3HB3HV
- poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co) -3-Hydroxyhexanoate) abbreviation: P3HB3HH
- poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyheptanoate poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate
- Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxynonanoate poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxydecanoate), poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyundecanoate) Ate), poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (abbreviation: P3HB
- the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component includes at least one highly crystalline poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin and at least one low-crystalline poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin.
- Contains resin In general, a highly crystalline poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin has a property of being excellent in productivity but having a poor mechanical strength, and a low-crystalline poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin is inferior in productivity. Has excellent mechanical properties.
- the highly crystalline poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin forms fine resin crystal particles
- the low-crystalline poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin forms the resin crystal particles. It is presumed to form Thai molecules that crosslink each other. By using these resins in combination, the mechanical properties of the injection-molded article can be significantly improved while the productivity is good.
- the highly crystalline poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin is a copolymer (A) of a 3-hydroxybutyrate unit and another hydroxy alkanoate unit.
- the content of 3-hydroxybutyrate units contained in the highly crystalline poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin is 3- to all the monomer units constituting the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin component. It is preferably higher than the average content of hydroxybutyrate units.
- the content ratio of the other hydroxyalkanoate unit in the copolymer (A) is preferably 1 mol% or more and 6 mol% or less, more preferably 2 mol% or more and 5 mol% or less, and 3 mol%. More preferably 5 mol% or less.
- copolymer (A) a copolymer containing the above-mentioned 3-hydroxybutyrate unit can be used, but poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) or poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) or , Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) is preferable, and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) is more preferable.
- the low crystalline poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin is a copolymer (B) of a 3-hydroxybutyrate unit and another hydroxy alkanoate unit.
- the content of the 3-hydroxybutyrate unit contained in the low crystalline poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin is 3- to the total monomer units constituting the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component. It is preferably lower than the average content of hydroxybutyrate units.
- the content ratio of the other hydroxyalkanoate unit in the copolymer (B) is preferably 24 mol% or more and 99 mol% or less, more preferably 24 mol% or more and 50 mol% or less, and more preferably 24 mol%. It is more preferably 35 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 24 mol% or more and 30 mol% or less.
- copolymer (B) a copolymer containing the above-mentioned 3-hydroxybutyrate unit can be used, but poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) or poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) or , Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) is preferable, and poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) is more preferable.
- the ratio of the copolymer (A) to the total amount of the copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B) is 72% by weight or more and 93% by weight or less, and the ratio of the copolymer (B) is 7% by weight. % Or more and 28% by weight or less.
- the proportion of the copolymer (A) is preferably 75% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less, the proportion of the copolymer (B) is preferably 10% by weight or more and 25% by weight or less, and the proportion of the copolymer (A). Is 77% by weight or more and 88% by weight or less, the proportion of the copolymer (B) is more preferably 12% by weight or more and 23% by weight or less, and the proportion of the copolymer (A) is 75% by weight or more and 85% by weight or less. % Or less, and the proportion of the copolymer (B) is more preferably 15% by weight or more and 25% by weight or less.
- the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component may contain only the copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B), or the copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B). ), Other poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resins may be further contained.
- the other poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin may be a homopolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate, or a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate unit and another hydroxyalkanoate unit. It may be a copolymer which is a coalescence and whose content ratio of other hydroxy alkanoate units does not correspond to any of the definitions of the copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B).
- 3-hydroxybutyrate unit / other hydroxyalkanoate unit 98/2 to 65/35 (mol% / mol%) is preferable, and 96/4 to 75/25 (mol% / mol%) is more preferable.
- 95/5 to 80/20 (mol% / mol%) is more preferable, and 96/6 to 85/15 (mol% / mol%) is particularly preferable.
- the average content ratio of each monomer unit to all the monomer units constituting the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component is described in a method known to those skilled in the art, for example, paragraph [0047] of International Publication No. 2013/147139. It can be obtained by the method.
- the average content ratio means the molar ratio of each monomer unit to the total monomer unit in the entire poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component, and two kinds constituting the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component. It means the molar ratio of each monomer unit contained in the whole mixture of the above poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resins.
- the weight average molecular weight of the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50,000 to 3 million, preferably 200,000 to 2 million, from the viewpoint of achieving both mechanical properties and productivity of the injection molded product. Is more preferable, 250,000 to 1,500,000 is further preferable, and 300,000 to 800,000 is particularly preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of each poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin constituting the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin component is not particularly limited.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer (A), which is a highly crystalline poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin is 200,000 to 1,000,000 from the viewpoint of achieving both mechanical properties and productivity of the injection molded product. Is preferable, 220,000 to 800,000 is more preferable, and 250,000 to 600,000 is further preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer (B), which is a low crystallinity poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin is 200,000 to 2.5 million from the viewpoint of achieving both mechanical properties and productivity of the injection molded product. Is preferable, 250,000 to 2.3 million is more preferable, 300,000 to 2 million is further preferable, and 350,000 to 1.5 million is particularly preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin or the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin component gel permeation chromatography using a chloroform solvent (HPLC GPC system manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used. It can be measured by using it in terms of polystyrene.
- a column suitable for measuring the weight average molecular weight may be used.
- the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component is preferably not crosslinked using a crosslinking agent such as an organic peroxide, that is, it is preferably a resin component having no crosslinked structure. ..
- the method for producing the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin is not particularly limited, and it may be a method for producing by chemical synthesis or a method for producing by microorganisms. Above all, the production method using microorganisms is preferable. As for the production method using microorganisms, a known method can be applied.
- examples of the copolymer-producing bacteria of 3-hydroxybutyrate and other hydroxyalkanoates include Aeromonas caviae, which is a P3HB3HV and P3HB3HH-producing bacterium, and Alcaligenes, which is a P3HB4HB-producing bacterium. It has been known.
- P3HB3HH in order to increase the productivity of P3HB3HH, Alcaligenes utrophas AC32 strain (Alcaligenes europhorus AC32, FERM BP-6038) (T. Fukui, Y. Doi, J. Batriol) into which a gene of the P3HA synthase group was introduced was introduced. ., 179, p4821-4830 (1997)) and the like are more preferable, and microbial cells in which P3HB3HH is accumulated in the cells by culturing these microorganisms under appropriate conditions are used.
- a genetically modified microorganism into which various poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin synthesis-related genes have been introduced may be used according to the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin to be produced, or a substrate.
- the culture conditions including the types of the above may be optimized.
- the method for obtaining a blend of two or more kinds of poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resins is not particularly limited, and may be a method for obtaining a blend by microbial production or a method for obtaining a blend by chemical synthesis. You may. Further, two or more kinds of resins may be melt-kneaded using an extruder, a kneader, a Banbury mixer, a roll or the like to obtain a blended product, or two or more kinds of resins may be dissolved in a solvent and mixed / dried. You may obtain a blended product.
- the injection molding resin composition according to one embodiment may contain a resin other than the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin as long as the effect of the invention is not impaired.
- a resin other than the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin examples include aliphatic polyester resins such as polybutylene succinate adipate, polybutylene succinate, polycaprolactone, and polylactic acid, polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polybutylene succinate terephthalate, and polybutylene aze.
- aliphatic aromatic polyester-based resins such as rate terephthalate.
- the other resin only one kind may be contained, or two or more kinds may be contained.
- the content of the other resin is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of seawater decomposition of the injection molded product, 20 parts by weight or less is used with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component. It is preferably 10 parts by weight or less, more preferably 5 parts by weight or less.
- the lower limit of the content of the other resin is not particularly limited and may be 0 parts by weight.
- the injection molding resin composition according to one embodiment further contains a layered clay mineral (C).
- a layered clay mineral C
- the layered clay mineral means a mineral containing a layered silicate as a main component.
- the layered clay mineral (C) is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used, but since it is easy to achieve the effect of improving productivity, smectite, mica, talc, pyroferrite, vermiculite, chlorite, etc.
- One or more selected from the group consisting of kaolinite and serpentine is preferable. From the viewpoint of versatility, mica, talc and kaolinite are preferable, and talc is particularly preferable.
- Examples of the mica include wet crushed mica, dry crushed mica and the like, and specific examples thereof include mica manufactured by Yamaguchi Mica and Keiwa Furnace Materials.
- talc examples include general-purpose talc, surface-treated talc, and the like, specifically, "Micro Ace” (registered trademark) manufactured by Nippon Tarc Co., Ltd., “Talkan powder” (registered trademark) manufactured by Hayashi Kasei Co., Ltd., and the like.
- Examples include talc manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. and Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd.
- Examples of the kaolinite include dry kaolin, fired kaolin, wet kaolin and the like, and specifically, "TRANSLINK” (registered trademark), "ASP” (registered trademark) and “SANTINTONE” (registered) manufactured by Hayashi Kasei Co., Ltd. (Trademark), "ULTREX” (registered trademark), and kaolinite manufactured by Keiwa Furnace Materials Co., Ltd. are exemplified.
- the average particle size of the layered clay mineral (C) is preferably 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 to 30 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.5 to 0.5, because the injection molded product is excellent in mechanical properties and productivity. 15 ⁇ m is more preferable, and 1 to 10 ⁇ m is particularly preferable.
- the average particle size can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering type device such as "Microtrack MT3100II" manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.
- the content of the layered clay mineral (C) is 5 parts by weight or more and 45 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total of the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin components.
- the content of the layered clay mineral (C) is less than 5 parts by weight, the elastic modulus of the injection-molded article tends to decrease, and if it exceeds 45 parts by weight, it becomes difficult to produce the injection-molded article.
- the content is preferably 10 parts by weight or more and 40 parts by weight or less, more preferably 10 parts by weight or more and 35 parts by weight or less, and further preferably 15 parts by weight or more and 30 parts by weight or less.
- the layered clay mineral (C) For the purpose of improving the dispersibility of the layered clay mineral (C), it is preferable to use the layered clay mineral (C) in combination with a dispersion aid.
- dispersion aid examples include glycerin ester compounds, adipate ester compounds, polyether ester compounds, phthalate ester compounds, isosorbide ester compounds, polycaprolactone compounds and the like.
- modified glycerin compounds such as glycerin diacet monolaurate, glycerin diacet monocaprylate, and glycerin diacet monodecanoate; diethylhexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, because they have excellent affinity for resin components and are difficult to bleed.
- Adipinic acid ester compounds such as diisononyl adipate; polyether ester compounds such as polyethylene glycol dibenzoate, polyethylene glycol dicaprylate, and polyethylene glycol diisostearate are preferable, and those containing a large amount of biomass-derived components are preferable. It is particularly preferable because it can increase the degree of biomass of the entire product.
- a dispersion aid include the "Rikemar” (registered trademark) PL series of RIKEN Vitamin Co., Ltd. and the Polysorb series of ROQUETTE. The dispersion aid may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount (total blending amount) of the dispersion aid is not particularly limited, but may be 0.1 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total of the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin components. preferable. However, it is not necessary to add a dispersion aid.
- the injection molding resin composition according to one embodiment may contain an additive as long as the effect of the invention is not impaired.
- Additives include, for example, crystal nucleating agents, lubricants, plasticizers, antistatic agents, flame retardants, conductive agents, heat insulating agents, cross-linking agents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, colorants, inorganic fillers, organic fillers. , Anti-hydrolysis agents and the like can be used depending on the purpose. In particular, an additive having biodegradability is preferable.
- crystal nucleating agent examples include pentaerythritol, orotic acid, aspartame, cyanuric acid, glycine, zinc phenylphosphonate, and boron nitride. Of these, pentaerythritol is preferable because it has a particularly excellent effect of promoting crystallization of the poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component.
- the amount of the crystal nucleating agent used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component. Is more preferable, and 0.7 to 1.5 parts by weight is further preferable. Further, one kind of crystal nucleating agent may be used, or two or more kinds of crystal nucleating agents may be used, and the usage ratio can be appropriately adjusted according to the purpose.
- the lubricant examples include behenic acid amide, oleic acid amide, erucic acid amide, stearic acid amide, palmitic acid amide, N-stearyl behenic acid amide, N-stearyl erucic acid amide, ethylene bisstearic acid amide, and ethylene bisoleic acid.
- examples thereof include amides, ethylenebis erucic acid amides, ethylene bislauric acid amides, ethylene biscapric acid amides, p-phenylene bisstearic acid amides, and polycondensates of ethylenediamine, stearic acid and sebacic acid.
- behenic acid amide or erucic acid amide is preferable because the lubricant effect on the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) resin component is particularly excellent.
- the amount of the lubricant used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component. It is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight. Further, one kind of lubricant may be used, or two or more kinds of lubricants may be used, and the usage ratio can be appropriately adjusted according to the purpose.
- plasticizer examples include glycerin ester compounds, citric acid ester compounds, sebacic acid ester compounds, adipic acid ester compounds, polyether ester compounds, benzoic acid ester compounds, phthalic acid ester compounds, and isosols.
- examples thereof include a bid ester compound, a polycaprolactone compound, and a dibasic acid ester compound.
- glycerin ester compounds, citric acid ester compounds, sebacic acid ester compounds, and dibasic acid ester compounds are particularly excellent in that they have a particularly excellent plasticizing effect on poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin components.
- the glycerin ester compound include glycerin diacet monolaurate and the like.
- Examples of the citric acid ester compound include tributyl acetyl citrate and the like.
- Examples of the sebacic acid ester compound include dibutyl sebacate and the like.
- Examples of the dibasic acid ester compound include benzylmethyldiethylene glycol adipate and the like.
- the amount of the plasticizer used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 2 to 15 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) resin component. Up to 10 parts by weight is more preferable.
- one type of plasticizer may be used, or two or more types of plasticizer may be used, and the usage ratio can be appropriately adjusted according to the purpose.
- the injection-molded article according to one embodiment can be produced by a known injection-molding method after each component is melt-kneaded to obtain pellets if necessary.
- a specific description will be given.
- a resin composition is prepared by melt-kneading, extruded into a strand shape, and then cut to obtain pellets having a particle shape such as a columnar shape, an elliptical columnar shape, a spherical shape, a cubic shape, or a rectangular parallelepiped shape. It is desirable that the produced pellets are sufficiently dried at 40 to 80 ° C. to remove water and then subjected to injection molding.
- the temperature at which the melt-kneading is carried out cannot be unconditionally specified because it depends on the melting point, melt viscosity, etc. of the resin used, but the resin temperature at the die outlet of the melt-kneaded product is preferably 135 to 200 ° C. 140 to 195 ° C. is more preferable, 145 to 190 ° C. is further preferable, and 150 to 185 ° C. is particularly preferable. If the resin temperature of the melt-kneaded product is less than 135 ° C, the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin component may be unmelted, and if it exceeds 200 ° C, the poly (3-hydroxy alkanoate) -based resin may be unmelted. Ingredients may thermally decompose.
- the injection molded body can be molded by subjecting the produced pellets to injection molding.
- injection molding a heat-melted resin composition is injected into a mold, the resin composition is cooled and solidified in the mold, the mold is opened, and the molded body is released to form a molded body. How to get it.
- an injection molding method in addition to the injection molding method generally adopted when molding a thermoplastic resin, an injection blow molding method, a gas assist molding method, an injection compression molding method, or the like can be adopted. can. Further, an in-mold molding method, a gas press molding method, a two-color molding method, a sandwich molding method, PUSH-PULL, SCORIM and the like can also be adopted.
- the injection molding method that can be used is not limited to the above method.
- the temperature at the time of cooling by the mold after injection can be appropriately determined by those skilled in the art, but is preferably 20 to 70 ° C, more preferably 25 to 60 ° C, further preferably 30 to 50 ° C, and even more preferably 35 to 45 ° C. Is particularly preferable.
- the injection-molded article according to a preferred embodiment has good seawater decomposability because the resin component is mainly composed of a poly (3-hydroxyalkanoate) -based resin, and therefore, the plastic is dumped into the ocean. Can solve environmental problems caused by.
- injection-molded article is not particularly limited, but for example, tableware such as plates, cups, cups and lid trays, cutlery such as spoons, forks, knives and madler, coffee capsules, toy containers and the like.
- tableware such as plates, cups, cups and lid trays
- cutlery such as spoons, forks, knives and madler
- coffee capsules toy containers and the like.
- PHBH1 Poly(-hydroxy alkanoate) resin
- PBSA Polybutylene succinate adipate resin, BioPBS FD72PB manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
- PBAT Polybutylene adipate terephthalate, BASF Ecoflex F Blend C1200
- Additive-1 Pentaerythritol (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation: Neuriser P)
- Additive-2 Bechenic acid amide (manufactured by Nippon Fine Chemical Co., Ltd .: BNT-22H) The evaluation methods carried out in Examples and Comparative Examples will be described below.
- the bending test was carried out by holding the end of the dish portion 11 of the spoon 10 with the left hand and the end of the spoon handle 12 with the right hand and bending vigorously in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. A similar bending test was performed on five spoons, and the case where none of them broke was evaluated as ⁇ (good toughness), and the case where even one broke was evaluated as ⁇ (insufficient toughness).
- Example 1> (Preparation of PHBH blend)
- Each component other than talc was mixed. Specifically, using a 75L super mixer manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd., 9.0 kg of PHBH1, 1.0 kg of PHBH2, 100 g of additive 1 and 50 g of additive 2 were added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 rpm for 3 minutes. A PHBH blend was obtained.
- Examples 2 to 16 Comparative Examples 1 to 22> Pellets were obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that PHBH blends were prepared and compounded based on the formulations shown in Table 2, and tensile elastic modulus, bending test, and forming cycle test were carried out. The results are summarized in Table 3. Seawater degradability tests were also performed for Examples 4 and 8 and Comparative Examples 21 and 22, and the results are shown in Table 3.
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Abstract
Description
好ましくは、前記ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂成分を構成する全モノマー単位に占める前記他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位の平均含有割合が、2~35モル%である。
好ましくは、前記他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位が、3-ヒドロキシヘキサノエート単位である。
好ましくは、前記層状粘土鉱物(C)が、マイカ、タルク、及びカオリナイトからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である
また本発明は、前記射出成形用樹脂組成物からなる射出成形体にも関する。
ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)樹脂成分としては、構成モノマーの含有割合が互いに異なる少なくとも2種類のポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂の混合物を用いる。当該混合物を用いることによって、実用的な弾性率と靭性のバランスを有する射出成形体を良好な生産性で形成することができる。
[-CHR-CH2-CO-O-] (1)
一実施形態に係る射出成形用樹脂組成物は、発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂以外の他の樹脂を含んでもよい。そのような他の樹脂としては、例えば、ポリブチレンサクシネートアジペート、ポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリ乳酸などの脂肪族ポリエステル系樹脂や、ポリブチレンアジペートテレフタレート、ポリブチレンセバケートテレフタレート、ポリブチレンアゼレートテレフタレートなどの脂肪族芳香族ポリエステル系樹脂等が挙げられる。他の樹脂としては1種のみが含まれていてもよいし、2種以上が含まれていてもよい。
一実施形態に係る射出成形用樹脂組成物は、層状粘土鉱物(C)をさらに含有するものである。これにより、弾性率と靭性のバランスに優れた射出成形体を形成することができる。ここで、層状粘土鉱物とは、層状珪酸塩を主成分とする鉱物のことをいう。
一実施形態に係る射出成形用樹脂組成物は、発明の効果を阻害しない範囲において、添加剤を含有してもよい。添加剤としては、例えば、結晶核剤、滑剤、可塑剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤、導電剤、断熱剤、架橋剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、無機充填剤、有機充填剤、加水分解抑制剤等を目的に応じて使用できる。特に生分解性を有する添加剤が好ましい。
一実施形態に係る射出成形体は、各成分を溶融混錬し、必要によりペレットを得た後、公知の射出成形法によって製造することができる。以下、具体的に説明する。
[ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂]
PHBH1:P3HB3HH(平均含有比率3HB/3HH=95.4/4.6(モル%/モル%)、重量平均分子量は38万g/mol)
国際公開第2019/142845号の実施例2に記載の方法に準じて製造した。
PHBH2:P3HB3HH(平均含有比率3HB/3HH=71.8/28.2(モル%/モル%)、重量平均分子量は66万g/mol)
国際公開第2019/142845号の実施例9に記載の方法に準じて製造した。
PBSA:ポリブチレンサクシネートアジペート樹脂、三菱化学製BioPBS FD72PB
PBAT:ポリブチレンアジペートテレフタレート、BASF製 エコフレックスFブレンドC1200
タルク:ミクロエースK-1(日本タルク)
添加剤-1:ペンタエリスリトール(三菱化学社製:ノイライザーP)
添加剤-2:ベヘン酸アミド(日本精化社製:BNT-22H)
実施例および比較例において実施した評価方法に関して、以下に説明する。
(試験片の作製)
除湿乾燥機を用いて60℃で24時間乾燥した樹脂ペレットを、東洋機械金属製射出成形機Si-30Vを用い、射出成形機のバレル温度をノズル/T1/T2/T3=155/145/135/125℃、金型温度を35℃に設定し、射出速度20mm/secにて、厚さ4mmのJIS K7161 タイプ1Aのダンベルを取得した。
(弾性率の測定)
得られたダンベルを23℃で168時間静置した後、JIS K 7161に基づき10mm/secで引張試験を行い、引張弾性率を測定した。得られた引張弾性率が1400MPa以上の場合を〇(良好)、1400MPa未満の場合を×(不十分)と評価した。
(試験片の作製)
除湿乾燥機を用いて60℃で24時間乾燥した樹脂ペレットを、東洋機械金属製射出成形機Si-30Vを用い、射出成形機のバレル温度をノズル/T1/T2/T3=155/145/135/125℃、金型温度を35℃に設定し、射出速度20mm/secにて、長さ9.8cm、皿部の厚みが1mm、柄の厚みが1.5mmのデザート用小スプーンを取得した。
(折り曲げ評価)
左手でスプーン10の皿部11の端を、右手でスプーン柄12の端を持ち、勢い良く、図1に示す矢印の方向に折り曲げることで折り曲げ試験を実施した。5本のスプーンに対して同様の折り曲げ試験を行い、1本も折れなかった場合を〇(靭性良好)、1本でも折れた場合を×(靭性不十分)と評価した。
除湿乾燥機を用いて60℃で24時間乾燥した樹脂ペレットを、東洋機械金属製射出成形機Si-30Vを用い、射出成形機のバレル温度をノズル/T1/T2/T3=155/145/135/125℃、金型温度を35℃に設定し、射出速度20mm/secにて、コーヒーカプセルを取得した。成形サイクルが30秒未満の場合を〇(生産性良好)、30秒以上の場合を×(生産性不十分)と評価した。
(試験片の作製)
除湿乾燥機にて60℃で24時間乾燥したペレットを用いた。東洋精機製ラボプラストミル3S150に、一軸押出機D2020型、TダイT150C型(リップ厚み250μm、リップ幅15cm)、フィルム引取装置FT2W20型(ロール温度30℃、引取速度2m)を用いて、成形温度条件C1/C2/C3/ダイ=130/140/150/160℃にて、厚さ30μmのフィルムを得た。 (海水分解試験)
株式会社カネカ高砂工業所に隣接する瀬戸内海より、雨が降っていない日が3日以上続いた海水を10L取得し、80メッシュでろ過を行ったのち、塩化アンモニウムを5g、リン酸二水素カリウムを1g加え、完全に溶けるまで攪拌した。調製した海水を高37×奥行30×幅52cmのコンテナの体積の6割まで入れ、前記フィルムを10×10cmに切り出したものを海水中に漬け、エアーバブリングしながら、2か月間放置し、フィルムが分解されて無くなった場合を〇(海水分解性良好)、フィルムが無くならなかった場合を×(海水分解性不十分)と評価した。
(PHBHブレンドの作製)
共重合体(A)、共重合体(B)、その他の生分解性樹脂の合計量を100重量部とし、100重量部=10kgとし、表2に記載の配合(単位は重量部)に基づき、タルク以外の各成分を混合した。具体的には、株式会社カワタ製75Lスーパーミキサーを用いて、PHBH1を9.0kg、PHBH2を1.0kg、添加剤1を100g、添加剤2を50g投入し、300rpmにて3分間攪拌し、PHBHブレンドを得た。
東芝機械製TEM26SS(L/D=60)において表1に記載のスクリュー構成、付帯設備、及びバレル設定温度を採用し、スクリュー回転数を100rpmに設定した。スクリュー根本より、前記PHBHブレンドをメインフィードより、更に、タルク1.0kgをサイドフィードより添加した。メインフィードとサイドフィード合計の供給量を10kg/hrとし、下記計算式に基づき、メインフィードとサイドフィードそれぞれの供給量を決定した。
サイドフィード供給量=10kg/hr×タルク重量部÷配合成分の合計重量部
メインフィード供給量=10kg/hr-サイドフィード供給量
ダイ先端より出てきたストランドを45℃の温水で満たした水槽に通して固化し、ペレタイザーで裁断することにより、ペレットを得た。
得られたペレットを用い、引張弾性率、折り曲げ試験、及び、成形サイクル試験を実施し、結果を表3にまとめた。
表2に記載の配合に基づいてPHBHブレンドの作製、及び、コンパウンド化を実施した以外は実施例1と同様の手順でペレットを得て、引張弾性率、折り曲げ試験、及び、成形サイクル試験を実施し、結果を表3にまとめた。
実施例4及び8と、比較例21及び22については、海水分解性試験も行って、結果を表3に記載した。
一方、共重合体(B)の含有割合が7重量%未満の比較例1、2、6、7、9、10、12、13、及び15で得られた射出成形体はいずれも、靭性が不十分であった。また、共重合体(B)の含有割合が28重量%を超える比較例8、11、14、及び16で得られた射出成形体はいずれも、成形サイクルが長く、生産性が不十分であった。
共重合体(B)の含有割合が7~28重量%の範囲にあってもタルクを含有しない比較例3~5で得られた射出成形体はいずれも、弾性率が不十分であった。また、タルクの含有量が45重量部を超える比較例17~20はいずれもペレット化が不可能で、即ち射出成形体を製造することができなかった。
共重合体(B)を含まず、代わりに他の生分解性樹脂を含む比較例21及び22で得られた射出成形体はいずれも、弾性率が不十分で、また、海水分解性も不十分であった。
11 皿部
12 柄
Claims (5)
- ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂成分を含有する射出成形用樹脂組成物であって、
前記ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂成分が、他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位の含有割合が1~6モル%である、3-ヒドロキシブチレート単位と他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位との共重合体(A)、及び、他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位の含有割合が24モル%以上である、3-ヒドロキシブチレート単位と他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位との共重合体(B)を含み、
前記樹脂組成物が、層状粘土鉱物(C)をさらに含み、
前記ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂成分中、前記共重合体(A)の割合が72~93重量%で、前記共重合体(B)の割合が7~28重量%であり、
前記ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂成分の合計100重量部に対し、前記層状粘土鉱物(C)の含有量が5~45重量部である、射出成形用樹脂組成物。 - 前記ポリ(3-ヒドロキシアルカノエート)系樹脂成分を構成する全モノマー単位に占める前記他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位の平均含有割合が、2~35モル%である、請求項1に記載の射出成形用樹脂組成物。
- 前記他のヒドロキシアルカノエート単位が、3-ヒドロキシヘキサノエート単位である、請求項1又は2に記載の射出成形用樹脂組成物。
- 前記層状粘土鉱物(C)が、マイカ、タルク、及びカオリナイトからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の射出成形用樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の射出成形用樹脂組成物からなる射出成形体。
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| WO2010118041A1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-10-14 | Metabolix, Inc. | Method of improving film processing and injection molding of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers |
| US8524856B2 (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2013-09-03 | Metabolix, Inc. | PHA compositions comprising PBS and PBSA and methods for their production |
| WO2016114128A1 (ja) | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-21 | 株式会社カネカ | ポリエステル樹脂組成物およびポリエステル樹脂成形体 |
| JP6666328B2 (ja) | 2015-03-05 | 2020-03-13 | 株式会社カネカ | ポリエステル樹脂組成物及び成形体の製造方法、並びにポリエステル樹脂組成物及び成形体 |
| EP3778233B1 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2024-10-02 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Biodegradable laminate |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023054388A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 株式会社カネカ | ブロー成形体およびその製造方法 |
| WO2024202634A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-03 | 株式会社カネカ | 射出成形用樹脂組成物、射出成形体、及び射出成形体の製造方法 |
| WO2024202717A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-03 | 株式会社カネカ | 射出成形用樹脂組成物および射出成形体 |
| WO2025075119A1 (ja) * | 2023-10-04 | 2025-04-10 | 株式会社カネカ | 樹脂組成物およびその利用 |
| WO2025074872A1 (ja) | 2023-10-06 | 2025-04-10 | 株式会社カネカ | Tダイ押出成形用樹脂組成物 |
| WO2025120952A1 (ja) * | 2023-12-07 | 2025-06-12 | 株式会社カネカ | 樹脂組成物および成形体 |
| WO2026038513A1 (ja) * | 2024-08-14 | 2026-02-19 | 株式会社カネカ | 樹脂組成物および成形体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7714561B2 (ja) | 2025-07-29 |
| EP4219628B1 (en) | 2025-10-29 |
| CN116390991A (zh) | 2023-07-04 |
| EP4219628A1 (en) | 2023-08-02 |
| EP4219628A4 (en) | 2024-10-23 |
| US20230365806A1 (en) | 2023-11-16 |
| CN116390991B (zh) | 2026-04-21 |
| JPWO2022065182A1 (ja) | 2022-03-31 |
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