WO2022067749A1 - 一种分集通信的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种分集通信的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022067749A1
WO2022067749A1 PCT/CN2020/119632 CN2020119632W WO2022067749A1 WO 2022067749 A1 WO2022067749 A1 WO 2022067749A1 CN 2020119632 W CN2020119632 W CN 2020119632W WO 2022067749 A1 WO2022067749 A1 WO 2022067749A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency domain
domain resources
modulation symbols
antenna port
mapping
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/119632
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘凤威
徐明慧
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to CN202510370739.XA priority Critical patent/CN120434094A/zh
Priority to EP20955772.7A priority patent/EP4210237B1/en
Priority to CN202080105109.5A priority patent/CN116114227B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/119632 priority patent/WO2022067749A1/zh
Priority to CA3194470A priority patent/CA3194470A1/en
Publication of WO2022067749A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022067749A1/zh
Priority to US18/192,164 priority patent/US12489494B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • H04L27/3411—Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power reducing the peak to average power ratio or the mean power of the constellation; Arrangements for increasing the shape gain of a signal set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Allocation of payload; Allocation of data channels, e.g. PDSCH or PUSCH
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for diversity communication.
  • multipath fading may occur in the signal transmitted between the terminal and the base station, resulting in poor quality of the signal received by the receiving end, or inability to receive the signal.
  • terminals often work in urban buildings or other complex geographic environments, and the speed and direction of movement are arbitrary.
  • the signal sent by the transmitting end goes through propagation paths such as reflection and scattering, the signal reaching the receiving end is often the superposition of multiple signals with different amplitudes and phases, so that the amplitude of the received signal appears. Random fluctuations, forming multipath fading.
  • the received signal amplitude will be reduced.
  • changes in meteorological conditions can also affect the propagation of the signal, causing changes in the amplitude and phase of the received signal.
  • Diversity techniques can be used to improve the received signal quality.
  • Diversity techniques can utilize multiple paths to transmit signals that transmit the same information and have approximately equal average signal strength and independent fading characteristics. After receiving these signals, the receiving end can appropriately combine these signals, so as to greatly reduce the influence of multipath fading, thereby improving the reliability of transmission.
  • the present application provides a diversity communication method to propose a diversity transmission scheme.
  • a method for diversity communication maps multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports; in each mapping, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port; the multiple modulation symbols are generated based on one transport block. Then, the first device performs the following processing on the modulation symbols on each antenna port: mapping multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources, where the frequency domain resources are frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports, and different antenna ports correspond to The frequency domain resources do not overlap.
  • one transmission block is transmitted on different antenna ports, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap, that is, one transmission block is transmitted on different channels, so this transmission block achieves diversity transmission. Purpose.
  • the modulation symbols are mapped to the antenna ports, multiple consecutive modulation symbols are mapped each time. This mapping method can keep the phase difference between the multiple consecutive modulation symbols from being destroyed, so that the communication system can Keep the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) low.
  • PAPR peak to average power ratio
  • each mapping an even number of consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port.
  • the multiple antenna ports include a first antenna port and a second antenna port, two consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port; specifically, the following formula can be used to map multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports superior:
  • x (0) is the first antenna port
  • x (1) is the second antenna port
  • d (0) is the modulation symbol
  • i, 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2 and 4i+3 are the modulation symbol numbers
  • i is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • the first device may modulate multiple bits encoded in one transport block to obtain multiple modulation symbols.
  • the first device may Discrete Fourier Transform (discrete fourier transformation, DFT). If DFT is not performed, the final result is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signal. If DFT is performed, the final result is Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-s- OFDM) signal.
  • DFT discrete Fourier Transform
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • DFT-s- OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • a method for diversity communication processes one transport block to generate multiple codewords. Wherein, different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and different antenna ports correspond to non-overlapping frequency domain resources. Then, the first device performs the following processing on each codeword: modulate the bits in the codeword to obtain multiple modulation symbols, and map the multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources, the frequency domain resources is the frequency domain resource corresponding to the antenna port.
  • different codewords generated by a transport block are transmitted on different antenna ports, the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap, and different codewords experience different channels, that is, a transport block is in the It is transmitted on different channels, so this transmission block achieves the purpose of diversity transmission.
  • each codeword can be decoded independently, even if one antenna at the receiving end experiences severe fading (for example, is blocked), the receiving end can recover the transmission block of the first device through the data received by other antennas .
  • a codeword is a redundant version of the transport block.
  • Different codewords can be the same redundancy version or different redundancy versions of the same transport block.
  • the combined reception gain of different redundancy versions is greater than the combined reception gain of the same version.
  • the first device may first perform discrete Fourier transform DFT on the plurality of modulation symbols. If the DFT is not performed, the OFDM signal is finally obtained. If the DFT is performed, the final result is the discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM DFT-s-OFDM signal.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous; or, the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port when the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous, it includes any one of the following: the frequency domain resources include multiple resource elements (resource elements, RE), the multiple resource elements The REs are not consecutive; the REs in this application can also be replaced by subcarriers.
  • the frequency domain resources include multiple resource elements (resource elements, RE), the multiple resource elements
  • REs resource elements
  • the REs are not consecutive; the REs in this application can also be replaced by subcarriers.
  • the frequency domain resources include multiple precoding resource block groups (precoding resource block groups, PRGs), and the multiple precoding resource block groups PRGs are discontinuous; the frequency domain resources include multiple physical resource blocks (physical resource blocks). , PRB), the PRBs of the multiple physical resource blocks are discontinuous.
  • the discontinuous (spaced) portion is the frequency domain resource of an additional antenna port.
  • the first device may further receive a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a mapping manner for mapping multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources. For example, when 4 mapping modes are included, the first indication can use 2 bits to display the indicating mapping modes, and 00, 01, 10, and 11 respectively represent 4 different mapping modes.
  • the first device may also receive one or more demodulation reference signal (de-modulation reference signal, DMRS) port identifiers.
  • demodulation reference signal demodulation reference signal, DMRS
  • the frequency domain resource includes multiple discontinuous resource elements RE (subcarriers); it can also be understood as: the first device is in The mapping method adopted for mapping the multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port is: mapping the multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous REs or subcarriers.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous; or, the frequency domain resources include multiple discontinuous precoding resource block groups PRG; or, the frequency domain resources
  • the resource includes multiple discontinuous physical resource blocks PRB; it can also be understood as: the mapping method adopted by the first device for mapping multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port is: mapping multiple modulation symbols to On the continuous frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports; or, mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous PRGs; or, mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous PRBs.
  • the first device may further receive information of one or more subbands, where the information of the subbands is used to determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the antenna port.
  • the information of the subband can be used to indicate the frequency domain position of the subband, or to indicate the bandwidth of the subband.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous; it can also be understood as: the first device is mapping multiple modulation symbols to the antenna ports When it is on the frequency domain resources of the antenna port, the mapping method adopted is: mapping a plurality of modulation symbols to the continuous frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports. It may also be said that the first device uses a subband mapping manner to map the plurality of modulation symbols to frequency domain resources. Even if the first device only receives the information of one subband, the first device can deduce the frequency domain position of another subband according to a certain rule.
  • the first device may further process the frequency-domain signal after the frequency-domain resource mapping to obtain an OFDM signal or a discrete Fourier transform-extended orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (DFT) signal.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform-extended orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
  • -s-OFDM discrete Fourier transform-extended orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
  • a communication device in a third aspect, has the functions of implementing the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or implementing the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • These functions can be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more functional modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • a communication device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer program instructions; the processor is used to execute part or all of the computer program instructions in the memory, when all When some or all of the computer program instructions are executed, they are used to implement the function of the first device in the method of the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or to realize any possible implementation of the above-mentioned second aspect and the second aspect.
  • the function of the first device in the implementation.
  • the apparatus may further include a transceiver configured to transmit a signal processed by the processor or receive a signal input to the processor.
  • the transceiver may perform the sending action or the receiving action performed by the first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect; or, perform the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect by the first device. send action or receive action.
  • the present application provides a chip system, the chip system includes one or more processors (which may also be referred to as processing circuits), and the processors are electrically coupled with a memory (which may also be referred to as a storage medium). ; the memory may be located in the chip system or not in the chip system; the memory is used to store computer program instructions; the processor is used to execute part or all of the computer in the memory Program instructions, when some or all of the computer program instructions are executed, are used to implement the functions of the first device in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect, or to implement the above-mentioned second aspects and second aspects. The function of the first device in any possible implementation of the aspect.
  • the chip system may further include an input-output interface, where the input-output interface is configured to output a signal processed by the processor, or receive a signal input to the processor.
  • the input/output interface may perform the sending action or the receiving action performed by the first device in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect; or, perform the first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect. The send action or receive action performed.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a sixth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions for implementing the functions in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or for implementing Instructions for functions in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, it can cause the computer to execute the first aspect and the first device in the method for any possible implementation of the first aspect The method performed, or the method performed by the first device in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a computer program product comprising: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer is made to execute the first aspect and any possible possibility of the first aspect.
  • the method performed by the first device in the implementation, or the method performed by the first device in any possible implementation of the second aspect and the second aspect is performed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process of short-delay cyclic delay diversity SD-CDD diversity communication in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process of diversity communication in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b are respectively schematic diagrams of an antenna port mapping in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of a RE comb mapping manner in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of a precoding resource block group PRG/physical resource block PRB interleaving and mapping manner in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram of a subband mapping manner in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 5d is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after RE comb mapping in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5e is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after subband mapping in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 5f is a schematic diagram of continuous or discontinuous frequency domain ranges of two subbands in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process of diversity communication in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a process of diversity communication in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between a frequency domain port and a time domain resource in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for diversity communication according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for diversity communication according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a device structure diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • system architecture of the diversity communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application. It is understandable that the system architecture described in the embodiments of the present application is to more clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE frequency division duplex frequency division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1 includes a network device and a terminal, and air interface resources can be used for wireless communication between the network device and the terminal.
  • the air interface resources may include one or more of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code domain resources and air domain resources.
  • the present application can also be applied to a communication system between terminals, or a communication system between network devices and network devices.
  • FIG. 2 a schematic diagram of a process of short delay cyclic delay diversity (small delay-cyclic delay diversity, SD-CDD) diversity communication is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 201 Modulate the coded bits of the transport block to obtain a plurality of modulated symbols, which may be referred to as modulation symbols, and the modulation symbols may also be referred to as complex symbols.
  • Step 202 Perform discrete Fourier transform DFT on a plurality of modulation symbols.
  • the DFT operation may also be referred to as transform domain precoding. This step 202 is optional. If DFT is not performed, the OFDM signal is finally obtained; if DFT is performed, the DFT-s-OFDM signal is finally obtained.
  • Each symbol after the DFT can be called a sample, or a complex sample or a complex symbol, etc.
  • Step 203 Precoding the DFT symbols.
  • the precoding here may be precoding for non-codebook transmission or precoding for codebook transmission.
  • Step 204 Map the precoded symbols to two antenna ports, where the symbols mapped to the two antenna ports are the same.
  • SD-CDD operates on one of the antennas, typically resulting in a time-domain (cyclic) shift equivalent to frequency-domain weighting.
  • two antenna ports are used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, there may be more antenna ports, such as 4, 8, and so on.
  • the symbols obtained in step 202 may be directly mapped to multiple antenna ports without precoding in step 203, so step 203 is optional.
  • Step 205 Map the symbols on each antenna port to the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna port, that is, perform subcarrier mapping. It should be noted that the frequency domain resources corresponding to the two antenna ports are the same.
  • Step 206 Perform inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT, IFFT) and add cyclic prefix (cyclic prefix, CP) operations on the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource mapping to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the two signals are exactly the same, although the SD-CDD operation is performed in step 204, and the two signals are sent out in tandem.
  • the time domain resources occupied by the two signals are still the same, and the one after the other here is not caused by different time domain resources, but caused by different sampling points.
  • the principle of SD-CDD acquisition diversity is to transmit signals at different times through multi-antenna ports to increase the frequency selectivity of the channel, so that the receiver can obtain greater frequency domain diversity gain.
  • SD-CDD converts antenna diversity into frequency domain diversity.
  • the SD-CDD technology also has some shortcomings.
  • the performance gain depends on the channel conditions. When the frequency selectivity of the channel itself is strong, the gain obtained by SD-CDD is small. For another example, the gain obtained under the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is small. For another example, when the bandwidth is small, the space for cyclic shift is small, and it is difficult to obtain the gain.
  • SD-CDD increases the delay spread of the channel, which leads to the deterioration of the channel estimation performance.
  • this application proposes a variety of diversity communication schemes.
  • the diversity scheme proposed in this application can obtain transmit antenna port diversity gain under both OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and the proposed scheme is subject to channel conditions and bandwidth. and other factors are less affected. It can provide stable diversity income in various application scenarios.
  • Network equipment with equipment capable of providing random access functions for terminal equipment or a chip that can be provided in the equipment, the equipment includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller ( radio network controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission point) in wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be 5G, such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of base stations in the 5G system (including multiple antenna panel), or, it can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or a transmission point, such
  • Terminal equipment also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), terminal, etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • the terminal device includes a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • terminal devices can be: mobile phones (mobile phones), tablet computers, notebook computers, PDAs, mobile Internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) devices, augmented reality (augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, and smart grids wireless terminal, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, or vehicle-to-vehicle (Vehicle-to-Vehicle, V2V) public wireless terminals, etc.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • wireless terminals in industrial control wireless terminals in self-driving
  • smart grids wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, or vehicle-to-vehicle (Vehicle-to-Vehicle, V2V) public wireless terminals, etc.
  • Diversity techniques are the use of multiple signal paths to transmit information, and these signals are appropriately combined at the receiving end to greatly reduce the influence of multipath fading, thereby improving the reliability of transmission.
  • the multiple signal paths have the characteristics of transmitting the same information, having approximately equal average signal strength, and fading independently of each other. Simply put, if one path has experienced deep fading, another relatively independent path may still contain a stronger signal, so two or more of the multiple signals can be selected to combine, so that the Improve the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and average signal-to-noise ratio of the receiver.
  • An antenna refers to a device that can effectively radiate electromagnetic waves to a specific direction in space or can effectively receive electromagnetic waves from a specific direction in space.
  • Antenna ports in 3GPP protocols 36.211 (LTE) and 38.211 (NR) are defined as: the channel experienced by one antenna port transmitting a symbol can be derived from the channel experienced by another symbol propagating on the same antenna.
  • Antenna ports in 3GPP may also be referred to as logical antenna ports. There are multiple implementation possibilities for the correspondence between antenna ports and physical antennas:
  • One possibility is that the number of antenna ports and physical antennas are equal and correspond one-to-one;
  • the number of antenna ports and physical antennas are equal but not in one-to-one correspondence, for example, the antenna port signals are mapped to physical antennas after precoding;
  • the number of antenna ports is less than the number of physical antennas.
  • one antenna port may correspond to an array of multiple physical antennas.
  • the antenna port mentioned in this application is similar to the antenna port defined by the 3GPP protocol, and can be regarded as a method for identifying the channel.
  • the antenna port in this application may be a physical antenna port or a logical antenna port.
  • one logical antenna port corresponds to one or more physical antenna ports, and different logical antenna ports correspond to different physical antenna ports, allowing physical antenna ports corresponding to different logical antenna ports The antenna ports are crossed.
  • Redundancy version In order to support hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) based on incremental redundancy (IR), LTE and NR support redundancy version mechanism.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • IR incremental redundancy
  • LTE and NR support redundancy version mechanism.
  • the channel coding processing flow of NR is first introduced: the UE or the base station generates a transport block (TB) to be transmitted, and a TB contains several bits to be transmitted.
  • TB transport block
  • the transmitter first performs TB CRC addition, followed by code block division and code block-level CRC addition; after that, the transmitter performs LDPC encoding on each code block (in LTE, the transmitter performs turbo encoding, and in other communication systems , the transmitter can also use other coding methods such as polar (polar code); after LDPC coding, the transmitter performs rate matching according to the redundancy version ID (rv_id) to generate different coding block redundancy versions. Different redundant versions of the same TB or CB have different contents, but all contain the information of the original TB or CB.
  • the redundant version can be called the redundant version of TB, the redundant version of CB, or the redundant version of codeword (CW); multiple CBs after rate matching are spliced into a complete bit block to be transmitted through code block splicing ;
  • the data bit block to be transmitted may be multiplexed with uplink control information for transmission.
  • the transmitter In a single transmission, the transmitter generally transmits a redundant version of the TB or CB. If the receiver fails to decode successfully, the transmitter can send another redundant version of the TB or CB again. Multiple redundant versions of a TB or CB can be combined and decoded.
  • the redundancy version used in each transmission is indicated by the base station to the UE, and the UE performs coding rate matching or decoding and decoding rate matching according to the redundancy version ID.
  • peak to average power ratio peak to average power ratio
  • Peak-to-average power ratio PAPR referred to as peak-to-average ratio. It can refer to the ratio of the instantaneous peak power of a continuous signal to the average value of the signal power within a symbol. It can be expressed by the following formula:
  • Xi represents the time-domain discrete value of a set of sequences
  • max(Xi2) represents the maximum value of the square of the time-domain discrete value
  • mean(Xi2) represents the average value of the square of the time-domain discrete value.
  • the OFDM symbol is formed by superimposing multiple independently modulated sub-carrier signals.
  • the phases of each sub-carrier are the same or similar, the superimposed signal will be modulated by the same initial phase signal, resulting in a large instantaneous power peak. This results in a higher PAPR.
  • High PAPR will lead to nonlinear distortion of the signal, resulting in significant spectrum spread interference and in-band signal distortion, reducing system performance.
  • the layer mapping mode of MIMO transmission in the existing communication system is shown in Table 1.
  • x represents the layer
  • the superscript of x is the layer index
  • the superscript of d represents the codeword number
  • d (0) represents the modulation symbol
  • i 2i, 2i+1, 3i, 3i+1, 3i+2, etc.
  • M represents the number of symbols per layer.
  • Table 1 Codeword-to-layer mapping for spatial multiplexing.
  • a schematic diagram of a process of diversity communication is provided, and the first device sends data to the second device as an example for description.
  • the first device is a terminal, and the second device is a network device; in an example, the first device is a network device, and the second device is also a network device; in another example, the first device is a terminal, and the second device is also a terminal.
  • Figure 3 includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 The first device modulates (modulation) a plurality of coded bits (coded bits) processed by a transport block (transport block, TB) to obtain a plurality of modulation symbols.
  • Modulation symbols may also be referred to as complex symbols.
  • the first device can perform cyclic redundancy check (CRC) addition, channel coding, code block segmentation, rate matching, data control multiplexing, and addition to the transport block. Scrambling and other operations are performed to obtain multiple coded bits, and then the coded bits are modulated, that is, constellation map mapping, to obtain multiple modulation symbols.
  • CRC cyclic redundancy check
  • Transform precoding disabled corresponds to the OFDM signal
  • Transform precoding enabled corresponds to the DFT-s-OFDM signal.
  • the present application can also support other modulation schemes, for example, BPSK, pi/4-QPSK, 1024QAM, OQAM, APSK and so on. The present application does not limit the modulation method.
  • Step 302 The first device maps multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports. It can also be understood that the multiple modulation symbols are divided into multiple groups (multi-channel) of modulation symbols, and each group (channel) corresponds to one antenna port.
  • the number of antenna ports may be 2, 3, 4 or even more.
  • the antenna port in this application may be a physical antenna port or a logical antenna port.
  • an antenna port is a logical antenna port
  • one logical antenna port corresponds to one or more physical antenna ports
  • different logical antenna ports correspond to different physical antenna ports, allowing physical antenna ports corresponding to different logical antenna ports to have crossovers. Signals transmitted by different antenna ports experience different channels.
  • the total number of modulation symbols to be transmitted (that is, the modulation symbols obtained in step 301) is 1200, which are mapped to two antenna ports, which are the first antenna port and the second antenna port respectively. 600 symbols are mapped to the first antenna port, and the remaining 600 symbols are mapped to the second antenna port. It should be understood that different antenna ports may be mapped to the same number of modulation symbols, or may be mapped to different numbers of modulation symbols.
  • one modulation symbol may be mapped to one antenna port. This embodiment only considers a single codeword scenario.
  • the modulation symbol mapping mode of the antenna ports is:
  • the modulation symbol mapping mode of the antenna ports is:
  • the modulation symbol mapping mode of the antenna ports is:
  • the above x represents the antenna port
  • the superscript of x represents the index of the antenna port
  • the superscript of d represents the codeword number
  • d (0) represents the modulation symbol
  • i, 2i, 2i+1, 3i, 3i+1 , 3i+2, 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2, and 4i+3 are the numbers of modulation symbols
  • i is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • the above antenna port mapping is similar to the layer mapping of MIMO transmission.
  • the antenna port mapping is also performed, and the symbols of one layer can be mapped to one or more antenna ports. And the frequency domain resources of multiple antenna ports are the same.
  • one modulation symbol may be mapped to one antenna port, that is, the modulation symbols may be alternately mapped to different antenna ports.
  • one antenna port port0 maps modulation symbols numbered 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8
  • another antenna port port1 maps modulation symbols numbered 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9.
  • multiple consecutive modulation symbols may be mapped to one antenna port in each mapping.
  • the phase difference between pi/2-BPSK symbols is always pi/2 or -pi/2, which can achieve low PAPR. If a modulation symbol is mapped alternately (as shown in Figure 4a), the characteristic that the phase difference is always pi/2 or -pi/2 is destroyed, and the phase difference between consecutive modulation symbols becomes pi or - pi, which will seriously degrade the PAPR of the transmitted signal. In order to ensure compatibility with the pi/2-BPSK modulation scheme, in each mapping, an even number of consecutive modulation symbols can be mapped to one antenna port.
  • the even number here may be half of the number of modulation symbols in an OFDM symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol), half of the total number of modulation symbols transmitted in a single PUSCH channel, and so on.
  • it can be 2, 4, 8 and so on.
  • an odd number of consecutive modulation symbols can also be mapped to one antenna port.
  • the odd number here, for example, can be 3, 5, 7 and so on.
  • the following takes two antenna ports as an example, and in each mapping, two consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to one antenna port for introduction. In this way, the number of codewords is still 1.
  • the following formula can be used to map multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports: it can also be understood as: multiple modulation symbols are mapped into multiple channels or groups of modulation symbols, each channel or each group corresponds to one antenna port.
  • x (0) is the first antenna port
  • x (1) is the second antenna port
  • d (0) is the modulation symbol
  • i, 4i, 4i+1, 4i+2 and 4i+3 are the modulation symbol numbers
  • i is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • a method for mapping modulation symbols to two antenna ports is provided. Specifically, in each mapping, two consecutive modulation symbols can be mapped to one antenna port, that is, the modulation symbols are 2 are alternately mapped to different antenna ports as a group. Taking 10 modulation symbols as an example, one antenna port port0 maps modulation symbols numbered 0, 1, 4, 5, 8, and 9, and another antenna port port1 maps modulation symbols numbered 2, 3, 6, and 7.
  • the two antenna ports introduced above can also be replaced by layers, see Table 3 for details.
  • mapping method of even consecutive symbols is mainly to maintain the low PAPR of pi/2-BPSK
  • mapping method of even symbols can also be applied to other modulation methods of DFT-s-OFDM waveform, or in the modulation of OFDM signals.
  • the modulation method and the method of mapping modulation symbols to antenna ports are not limited.
  • Table 4 only shows the combination of multiple modulation symbol mapping modes that can maintain better communication performance.
  • the transmitting end adopts an enhanced pi/2-BPSK modulation.
  • the pi/2-BPSK modulation symbols are kept in phase within the M symbols, and the pi/2 phase shift is employed between the M symbols.
  • the antenna port mapping can reuse the existing layer mapping, ie, map to different antenna ports or layers one by one modulation symbol, and the phase shift characteristic of pi/2-BPSK is preserved at each antenna port.
  • the existing pi/2-BPSK modulation formula is:
  • the enhanced pi/2-BPSK modulation formula proposed in this application can be:
  • M is 2, that is, the above formula is applicable to the mapping of two transmit ports or to perform two-layer mapping.
  • M is 4, that is, the above formula is applicable to the mapping of four transmit ports or to perform four-layer mapping.
  • phase shift of the pi/2BPSK sequence relative to the BPSK sequence is 0;
  • phase shift of the pi/2BPSK sequence relative to the BPSK sequence is pi/2.
  • Step 303, step 304 and step 305 introduced next are processing performed on the modulation symbol of any antenna port, and different antenna ports are processed in the same manner as follows.
  • Step 303 The first device performs discrete Fourier transform DFT on the plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the antenna ports.
  • Each symbol after the DFT can be called a sample, or a complex sample or a complex symbol, etc.
  • the size of the DFT may be determined according to the scheduling bandwidth; then, whether to group the modulation symbols may be determined according to the size of the DFT. That is, the size of the packet is the same as that used by the DFT, and the size of the DFT is determined by the scheduling bandwidth.
  • the DFT size is the same as the number of modulation symbols contained in one DFT-s-OFDM symbol for that antenna port. For example, one DFT-s-OFDM symbol of one antenna port corresponds to 600 modulation symbols, and DFT can be performed by taking these 600 modulation symbols as a whole.
  • each group has 200 modulation symbols
  • the DFT is performed by taking the 200 modulation symbols as a whole.
  • the above DFT process is called transform precoding (Transform precoding).
  • the transmitter when using pi/2-BPSK modulation, the transmitter can perform frequency domain shaping operations on the DFT signal.
  • Step 303 is optional, if the DFT is not performed, the OFDM signal is finally obtained, and if the DFT is performed, the DFT-s-OFDM signal is finally obtained.
  • precoding may also be performed on the symbols after the DFT.
  • Step 304 The first device maps the plurality of modulation symbols obtained in step 302 or the plurality of symbols obtained in step 303 to frequency domain resources, where the frequency domain resources are frequency domain resources corresponding to antenna ports.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports are the same.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to different antenna ports do not overlap, or in other words, different antenna ports perform orthogonal frequency domain mapping.
  • frequency domain resources includes but is not limited to: subcarrier (resource element RE) level (REs in this application may also be replaced by subcarriers), physical resource block PRB level, precoding resource block group PRG level, resource block Group RBG level.
  • resource element RE resource element RE
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port may be discontinuous or continuous, which will be described in detail below.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous.
  • the discontinuous (interval) part of the frequency domain resource is the frequency domain resource of another antenna port.
  • the discontinuous (spaced) portions are uniform, or non-uniform.
  • the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are discontinuous, it corresponds to any of the frequency domain resource mapping methods in the following examples:
  • the mapping method adopted by the first device to map multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resource of the antenna port is: Multiple modulation symbols are mapped onto multiple discontinuous REs.
  • the transmission mode corresponding to this mapping method may be called a multi-port frequency division transmission mode.
  • this mapping method may also be referred to as the RE comb mapping method.
  • Figure 5a taking two antenna ports (port port0 and port port1 respectively) as an example, a schematic diagram of a RE (subcarrier) comb mapping method is provided. The symbols corresponding to each antenna port are on the frequency domain resources. Evenly spaced maps.
  • the size of the comb teeth is related to the number of antenna ports.
  • the size of the comb teeth is 2, that is, the symbol is placed one subcarrier at an interval of one subcarrier in the frequency domain;
  • the size of the comb teeth is M, that is Symbols are placed at an interval of M-1 subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • This mapping method can be applied to OFDM signals and DFT-s-OFDM signals. The diversity degree is high, and the single-carrier characteristics of DFT-s-OFDM are not destroyed.
  • mapping multiple modulation symbols to multiple discontinuous subcarriers signals on two or more antenna ports are independently transmitted and occupy the same PRB set (or occupy the same frequency band range), Therefore, channel estimation needs to be performed separately.
  • Different antenna ports require DMRS for different ports.
  • DMRS is used to estimate the immediate channel for coherent demodulation of data channel, control channel or broadcast channel.
  • the first device uses the mapping method to map multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resource of the antenna port as follows: Multiple modulation symbols are mapped onto multiple discontinuous PRGs.
  • This mapping manner may also be referred to as: precoding resource block group PRG interleaving mapping manner.
  • the first device uses the mapping method to map multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resource of the antenna port as follows: The modulation symbols are mapped onto multiple discrete PRBs.
  • This mapping method may also be referred to as: physical resource block PRB interleaving mapping method.
  • the first device uses the mapping mode to map multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resource of the antenna port as follows: Modulation symbols are mapped onto multiple discrete RBGs.
  • This mapping method may also be referred to as: resource block group RBG interleaving mapping method.
  • FIG. 5b a schematic diagram of a precoding resource block group PRG/physical resource block PRB interleaving and mapping method is provided.
  • Different antenna ports occupy different A set of PRBs or a set of RB groups (one RB group includes multiple PRGs or PRBs, and the number of included PRGs or the number of PRBs may be configured by a network device).
  • antenna port 0 occupies even PRBs
  • antenna port 1 occupies odd PRBs.
  • This mapping method can be applied to OFDM signals and has a high diversity degree.
  • FIG. 5d a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after RE comb mapping is provided.
  • the horizontal axis represents 14 OFDM symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols) of one time slot, and the vertical axis represents 2 frequency domain PRBs, or 24 frequency domain subcarriers.
  • the data signal transmitted by antenna 0 occupies even-numbered subcarriers
  • the data signal transmitted by antenna 1 occupies odd-numbered subcarriers.
  • the subcarriers occupied by the DMRS of each antenna may be the same or different from the subcarriers occupied by the data signal.
  • Antenna 0 and Antenna 1 still occupy even-numbered and odd-numbered subcarriers to send data, respectively, but the DMRS corresponding to Antenna 0 and Antenna 1 are both mapped to even-numbered subcarriers.
  • the DMRS of the two antenna ports can be implemented by using frequency-domain orthogonal codes. Orthogonal. In the existing NR protocol, the frequency domain resources and orthogonal codes occupied by the DMRS are determined by the DMRS port number.
  • the mapping method adopted by the first device to map the multiple modulation symbols to the frequency domain resources of the antenna port is as follows: : Maps multiple modulation symbols to continuous frequency domain resources.
  • the frequency domain resource of one antenna port includes multiple subcarriers or multiple PRBs or multiple PRGs, and the multiple subcarriers or multiple PRBs or multiple PRGs may be regarded as one subband.
  • this mapping mode may also be referred to as: subband mapping mode.
  • Multiple frequency domain resources corresponding to multiple antenna ports may be continuous or discontinuous.
  • a schematic diagram of a subband mapping method is provided.
  • the number of subbands is equal to the number of antenna ports. Different antenna ports correspond to different subbands.
  • each subband is continuous in the frequency domain, the frequency domain resource of one antenna port (ie, one subband) includes 3 PRBs, and the frequency domain resources corresponding to the two antenna ports are also continuous.
  • This mapping method can be applied to OFDM signals and DFT-s-OFDM signals. This mapping method is simple to implement and does not destroy the single-carrier characteristics of DFT-s-OFDM.
  • the DMRS sequences of multiple subbands are determined by information such as respective frequency domain positions and port numbers.
  • the DMRS sequences of multiple subbands are the same.
  • FIG. 5e a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource grid after subband mapping is provided.
  • the horizontal axis represents 14 OFDM symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols) of one time slot, and the vertical axis represents 2 frequency domain PRBs, or 24 frequency domain subcarriers.
  • the data signal transmitted by antenna 0 occupies one PRB (i.e., 12 subcarriers, 14 symbols), and the data signal transmitted by antenna 1 occupies another PRB.
  • the data signal transmitted by antenna 0 occupies the same subband as the DMRS transmitted, and the data signal transmitted by antenna 1 occupies the same subband.
  • the data signal also occupies the same subband as the transmit DMRS.
  • Step 305 The first device processes the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource mapping to generate a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal, such as performing an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT, IFFT) and adding a cyclic prefix (cyclic prefix, CP) and other operations to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal can then be transmitted on the corresponding antenna port.
  • one transmission block is transmitted on different antenna ports, that is, one transmission block is transmitted on different channels, so this transmission block achieves the purpose of diversity communication.
  • the transmit antenna port diversity gain can be obtained under both OFDM and DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and the proposed scheme is less affected by factors such as channel conditions and bandwidth. It can provide stable diversity income in various application scenarios.
  • the antenna ports in the above example of FIG. 3 may also be replaced with an antenna port set. That is, multiple symbols are mapped to multiple antenna port sets, and the antenna port set is a whole.
  • the present application does not care how many antenna ports are in one antenna port set, but only cares about how many antenna port sets there are. This alternative manner is also applicable to several embodiments described later.
  • step 304 five mapping methods are introduced. Next, it is introduced how the first device determines and adopts which mapping mode to map symbols (eg, modulation symbols or symbols after DFT) to frequency domain resources.
  • symbols eg, modulation symbols or symbols after DFT
  • the protocol specifies a mapping mode for mapping symbols to frequency domain resources when the diversity communication mode of the present application is adopted.
  • the mapping mode specified by the protocol may be any one of the above-mentioned five mapping modes, or may be a certain mapping mode other than the five mapping modes, such as ordinary single-stream transmission.
  • the first device may further receive a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a mapping manner for mapping multiple symbols to frequency domain resources.
  • the second device may use 3 bits to display and indicate the mapping modes, for example, 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, etc. respectively represent different mapping modes.
  • the first device is a terminal, and the terminal receives the first indication from the network device.
  • the first indication may be carried in semi-static signaling or dynamic signaling.
  • Semi-static signaling such as radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC), medium access control (medium access control, MAC) control element (control element, CE).
  • Dynamic signaling such as downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI).
  • the first indication when the first indication is carried by dynamic signaling, for example, indicated by the uplink scheduling DCI, the first indication only indicates the mapping mode used in this scheduling transmission.
  • the first device may determine a new mapping mode according to the new instruction in the next transmission, next transmission....
  • the mapping method indicated by the first indication can always be used, and the first device can use this transmission in the next transmission, the next transmission... until the first device receives the new indication carried in the semi-static signaling to indicate the new mapping method.
  • the first device may decide which mapping mode to use by receiving one or more DMRS port identifiers of the demodulation reference signal.
  • the first device is a terminal, and the terminal receives one or more DMRS port identifiers from a network device.
  • the first device by sending the number of DMRS port identifiers to the first device, the first device is implicitly instructed which mapping mode the first device adopts to map the symbols to the frequency domain resources.
  • the mapping method adopted is: the frequency domain resources include multiple resource elements RE, the multiple resource element REs are discontinuous, that is, the above-mentioned mode 1.
  • the mapping method adopted is: the frequency domain resources corresponding to each antenna port are continuous, That is, the above-mentioned way 5; or, the frequency domain resource includes multiple precoding resource block groups PRG, and the multiple precoding resource block groups PRG are discontinuous, that is, the above-mentioned way 2; or, the frequency domain resource includes Multiple physical resource blocks PRBs, the multiple physical resource blocks PRBs are discontinuous, that is, the above-mentioned mode 3; Mode 4; or, ordinary single-stream transmission.
  • the first device by sending the DMRS port identifier to the first device, the first device is implicitly instructed to use the mapping method of Manner 1 to map the symbols to the frequency domain resources. specific:
  • a certain rule here may be specified by a protocol, or may be configured by the network device for the first device.
  • the DMRS port identification may be a DMRS port number.
  • a certain value may be added or a certain value may be subtracted from the DMRS port number to obtain another DMRS port number.
  • the following introduces a derivation method of the DMRS port number, which is only introduced by taking two antenna ports, that is, two DMRS ports, as an example. This example does not limit the application:
  • the terminal is configured with DMRS configuration type 1, then:
  • Second DMRS port number first DMRS port number+1;
  • Second DMRS port number first DMRS port number+2;
  • the terminal is configured with DMRS configuration type 2, then:
  • Second DMRS port number first DMRS port number+1;
  • Second DMRS port number first DMRS port number+2;
  • Second DMRS port number first DMRS port number+3.
  • DMRS configuration type 1 and DMRS configuration type 2 are two types specified by the protocol.
  • configuring one or more demodulation reference signal DMRS port identifiers for the first device can be decoupled from determining the mapping mode, and configuring one or more demodulation reference signal DMRS port identifiers for the first device , to facilitate the first device to send the DMRS.
  • the mapping mode can be determined by the above-mentioned mode a or the mode b, and the mapping mode can also be determined by the mode d described below.
  • mapping mode adopted by the first device is: Mode 1
  • each DMRS port identifier corresponds to an antenna port
  • the first device may also use the above-mentioned manner to derive the identifier of another port.
  • the first device may decide to adopt the mapping mode of Manner 5 by receiving information of one or more subbands.
  • the information of the subband is used to determine the frequency domain resource corresponding to the antenna port, and the information of the subband is used to indicate the frequency domain position of the subband, or to indicate the bandwidth of the subband. That is, by sending the information of the subband to the first device, the first device is implicitly instructed to use the mapping method of mode 5 to map the symbols to the frequency domain resources.
  • the first device is a terminal, and the terminal receives information from one or more subbands of a network device.
  • the granularity (bandwidth) of all subbands is the same, for example, the occupied number of subcarriers, or the same number of RBs, or the same number of PRBs, or the same number of PRGs, etc.
  • the frequency domain ranges of the multiple subbands may be continuous or discontinuous. For example, as shown in FIG. 5f, an example in which the frequency domain ranges of the two subbands may be continuous, and an example in which the frequency domain ranges of the two subbands are discontinuous is provided.
  • These two subbands may be located in the same bandwidth part (Bandwidth Part, BWP) or the same component carrier (component carrier, CC), or may occupy different CCs.
  • BWP Bandwidth Part
  • component carrier component carrier
  • CC component carrier
  • the network device informs the terminal (the first device) of the information of one or more subbands
  • the following examples are included but not limited:
  • each subband corresponds to one antenna port.
  • the network device sends information of one subband to the first device, such as frequency domain location and bandwidth, and the first device may derive one or more other subbands according to one subband.
  • This derivation method can be stipulated by the protocol, or it can be the number agreed by the two parties to transmit the data.
  • the terminal places additional subbands adjacent to this subband.
  • the network device notifies the first device of the sum of the bandwidths of all subbands (for example, 32RB, 64RB), and the first device can determine the bandwidth of each subband and the frequency domain of each subband by itself according to the number of antenna ports. Location.
  • the network device notifies the first device of the bandwidth of each subband, and the first device determines the frequency domain position of each subband by itself. Specifically, the network device only needs to notify one bandwidth, and all subbands have the same bandwidth.
  • the network device When the network device notifies the terminal of the information of a plurality of one or subbands, it can be notified through the downlink control information DCI.
  • DCI includes frequency domain resource configuration information.
  • the present application may use the frequency domain resource configuration information in the DCI to indicate the frequency domain position occupied by a subband.
  • the present application adds second indication information on the basis that the DCI includes the frequency domain resource configuration information to indicate the frequency domain information of one or more other subbands.
  • the second indication directly indicates the start position of the frequency domain position of the other one or more subbands.
  • the notification granularity of the starting position may be an RB or multiple RBs, such as an RBG.
  • the DCI needs to add new bits or reinterpret the original bits, that is, the above-mentioned second indication information can be the newly added bits to carry or reinterpret of the original bits to carry.
  • the UE when the network device configures the UE with the diversity transmission mode in this application through signaling such as RRC, the UE considers that the DCI includes the above-mentioned newly added bits or the UE reinterprets some bits in the DCI.
  • the above-mentioned newly added bits may be located in DCI format 0_1 or 0_2, or may be located in other DCI formats.
  • network equipment can obtain channel amplitude information of each antenna port, but it is difficult to obtain accurate channel phase information.
  • the non-consecutive subband mapping can ensure that the terminal can obtain the frequency selection gain of each antenna in uplink transmission.
  • configuring the information of one or more subbands for the first device can be decoupled from determining the mapping method, and configuring the information of one or more subbands for the first device is to facilitate the first device to determine The specific mapping location.
  • the mapping mode may be determined as mode 5 through the above-mentioned mode a or mode b. Then, the specific mapping position of Mode 5 is determined according to the information of the subband. If the first device receives information from multiple subbands of the network device, each subband corresponds to one antenna port, and if the first device receives information from one subband of the network device, the first device may also derive another subband frequency domain location.
  • second indication information is added to indicate the frequency domain positions of one or more other subbands.
  • the second indication information may also indicate that the frequency band centers of the subbands are coincident, or the frequency band centers are not coincident.
  • the second indication information may occupy 1 bit. Take two subbands as an example, namely the first subband and the second subband, the frequency domain configuration information indicates the frequency domain position occupied by the first subband, and the second indication information may indicate the second subband and the first subband.
  • the frequency domain centers of the s are coincident or not. When the frequency domain centers do not overlap, it can be considered that the mapping method in the fifth aspect of the present application is used to perform frequency domain resource mapping.
  • the frequency domain centers are coincident, the frequency domain resources of the first subband and the second subband are the same, that is, the frequency domain positions are the same, and it can be considered that the resource mapping is performed in the manner in the prior art.
  • the diversity transmission is converted into multi-stream transmission.
  • the data sent by multiple ports is the same, which is a single stream, and the data sent by multiple ports is different, which is multi-stream.
  • FIG. 6 a schematic diagram of a diversity communication process is introduced.
  • the encoded bits are modulated first (step 301 ).
  • step 302 map the modulated modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports.
  • the encoded bits are first mapped onto multiple antenna ports, and then the bits on each antenna port are modulated. The rest are the same.
  • Figure 6 includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 The first device maps multiple bits to multiple antenna ports, where the multiple bits are encoded bits of one transport block.
  • the specific process of step 601 is the same as the process of mapping modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports in step 302 in FIG. 3 , the difference is only that the modulation symbols in step 302 are replaced with coded bits.
  • the first device respectively performs the following same processing on the bits on each antenna port: for example, there are two antenna ports, one antenna port performs steps 602 to 605; the other antenna port also performs steps 602 to 605.
  • Step 602 The first device modulates the bits corresponding to the antenna ports to obtain multiple modulation symbols.
  • the specific process of step 602 is the same as the specific process of step 301 in FIG. 3 , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • Step 603 The first device performs discrete Fourier transform DFT on the plurality of modulation symbols corresponding to the antenna ports.
  • Step 603 is optional, and the specific process of step 603 is the same as the specific process of step 303 in FIG. 3 , and repeated details will not be repeated.
  • precoding may also be performed on the symbols after the DFT.
  • Step 604 The first device maps the plurality of modulation symbols obtained in step 602 or the plurality of symbols obtained in step 603 to frequency domain resources, where the frequency domain resources are frequency domain resources corresponding to antenna ports; wherein, different antenna ports correspond to The frequency domain resources do not overlap.
  • the specific process of step 604 is the same as the specific process of step 304 in FIG. 3 , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • Step 605 The first device processes the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource mapping, such as performing inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT and adding a cyclic prefix CP, to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal.
  • the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal can then be transmitted on the corresponding antenna port.
  • the specific process of step 605 is the same as the specific process of step 305 in FIG. 3 , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • Step 701 The first device processes one transport block to generate multiple codewords.
  • the processing here may be cyclic redundancy check (CRC), encoding, rate matching, etc., to generate multiple codewords.
  • CRC cyclic redundancy check
  • different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and different antenna ports correspond to non-overlapping frequency domain resources.
  • a codeword is a redundant version of the transport block.
  • the redundancy versions of different codewords are the same or different.
  • the first antenna port uses redundancy version 0 of one TB
  • the second antenna port uses redundancy version 1, 2 or 3 of the same TB.
  • the combined reception gain of different redundancy versions is greater than the combined reception gain of the same version.
  • Different antenna ports transmit different redundant versions of a codeword, and each redundant version can be decoded independently at the receiver. Thus, it is ensured that the receiving end can still achieve correct decoding when the power of one or a group of transmitting ports is too low.
  • the redundancy version corresponding to each antenna port may be specified by a protocol, or may be notified by the network device to the first device, for example, notified by DCI.
  • the DCI may contain the respective redundancy version information of each antenna port, or the DCI may only contain the redundancy version information of one antenna port, and the redundancy version information of the remaining antenna ports may be determined by the redundancy version information of one antenna port. information is derived.
  • Step 702, step 703, step 704, and step 705 described next are processing performed for any antenna port (ie, any codeword), and different antenna ports (codewords) perform the same processing as follows.
  • Step 702 The first device modulates the bits in the codeword to obtain multiple modulation symbols.
  • a codeword includes multiple bits.
  • the manner in which the bits are modulated in step 702 is the same as the manner in which the bits are modulated in step 301 in FIG. 3 , and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • step 703 the first device performs discrete Fourier transform DFT on multiple modulation symbols corresponding to the antenna ports.
  • the specific process of step 703 is the same as the specific process of step 303 in FIG. 3 , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • precoding may also be performed on the symbols after the DFT.
  • Step 704 The first device maps the plurality of modulation symbols obtained in step 702 or the plurality of symbols obtained in step 703 to frequency domain resources, where the frequency domain resources are frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports.
  • the specific process of step 704 is the same as the specific process of step 304 in FIG. 3 , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • Step 705 The first device processes the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource mapping, such as performing inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT and adding a cyclic prefix CP, to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or an OFDM signal.
  • the DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM signal can then be transmitted on the corresponding antenna port.
  • the specific process of step 705 is the same as the specific process of step 305 in FIG. 3 , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • multiple redundant versions of a TB undergo independent modulation, DFT, frequency domain mapping, IFFT and other operations at different antenna ports to generate DFT-s-OFDM symbols or OFDM symbols. Therefore, it can be considered that the TB generates two PUSCHs, and the two PUSCHs are transmitted at different frequency domain positions of different antenna ports.
  • different codewords generated by a transport block are transmitted on different antenna ports, and different codewords have experienced different channels, that is, a transport block is transmitted on different channels, so this transport block reaches for the purpose of diversity communication.
  • each codeword can be decoded independently, even if one antenna at the receiving end experiences severe fading, such as being blocked, the receiving end can recover the transmission block at the transmitting end through the data received by other antennas.
  • the diversity communication scheme shown in FIG. 7 can be combined with the existing time slot aggregation method.
  • the base station schedules multiple physical uplink shared channel PUSCH transmissions of the UE, and multiple PUSCH transmissions use different redundancy versions of one TB.
  • the redundancy versions are determined as shown in Table 5 below.
  • the base station schedules the UE to perform uplink transmission of time slot aggregation, and the number of repetitions is 2.
  • the UE will transmit in two time slots, and the redundancy version used in the two transmissions is indicated by the DCI and/or determined in Table 5 below.
  • the solution of this embodiment can adopt a similar mechanism, the difference is that two (or multiple) PUSCH transmissions use the same set of symbols in the same time slot, but the two transmissions use different redundancy versions and frequency domain resources.
  • the determination of the redundancy version can directly reuse the time slot aggregation scheme of the existing protocol, and the determination of the frequency domain resources can refer to the introduction of the above embodiments.
  • Table 5 Redundancy version for PUSCH transmission.
  • a possible implementation manner is: the base station configures the special repetition mode shown in this embodiment for the UE, and then the UE performs repeated transmission in the frequency domain and the time domain. If the number of repeated transmissions indicated by the base station is equal to the number of antenna ports or antenna port groups for transmitting end diversity, the repeated transmissions are completed within one time slot. If the number of repeated transmissions indicated by the base station is greater than the number of antenna ports or antenna port groups for transmitting end diversity, the repeated transmissions are completed in multiple time slots, that is, the UE preferentially performs repeated transmissions in the frequency domain or antenna ports, and then repeats in the time domain. send. When there is time domain repetition, different time slots can change the mapping relationship between antenna ports and frequency domain resources.
  • the above has introduced the diversity communication process performed by a variety of first devices (transmitters), and then introduce the diversity communication process performed by the second device (receiving end).
  • the process at the receiving end is the inverse process of the transmitting end, specifically:
  • the second device processes the received OFDM signal to obtain a frequency domain signal
  • the second device demaps the frequency domain signal to obtain modulation symbols
  • the second device processes the modulation symbols to obtain soft information of multiple codewords
  • the second device combines the soft information of the multiple codewords to obtain a transport block.
  • the embodiments of the present application may divide the device into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples. For example, each function may be divided into each functional module, or two or more functions may be integrated into one module. These modules can be implemented either in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and other division methods may be used in specific implementation.
  • FIG. 9 a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus 900 for diversity communication is provided.
  • the apparatus 900 may be a first device, or a chip or functional unit applied in the first device.
  • the apparatus 900 has any function of the first device in the above-mentioned method.
  • the apparatus 900 can execute each step performed by the first device in the above-mentioned methods of FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 .
  • the apparatus 900 may include: a transceiver module 920 , a processing module 910 , and optionally, a storage module 930 .
  • the processing module 910 may be connected to the storage module 930 and the transceiver module 920 respectively, and the storage module 930 may also be connected to the transceiver module 920 .
  • the transceiver module 920 may perform the receiving action and the sending action performed by the first device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing module 910 may perform other actions except the sending action and the receiving action among the actions performed by the first device in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing module 910 is configured to map multiple modulation symbols to multiple antenna ports; in each mapping, map multiple consecutive modulation symbols to one antenna port; the multiple modulation symbols The symbol is generated based on one transport block; the modulation symbols on each antenna port are processed as follows: multiple modulation symbols are mapped to frequency domain resources, and the frequency domain resources are the frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports; The frequency domain resources corresponding to the antenna ports do not overlap.
  • the processing module 910 is configured to process one transport block to generate multiple codewords; and perform the following processing on each codeword: modulate the bits in the codeword to obtain multiple codewords. modulation symbols, and map the plurality of modulation symbols to frequency domain resources, which are frequency domain resources corresponding to antenna ports; wherein, different codewords correspond to different antenna ports, and different antenna ports correspond to frequency Domain resources do not overlap;
  • the transceiver module 920 is further configured to receive a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a mapping manner for mapping multiple modulation symbols to frequency domain resources.
  • the transceiver module 920 is further configured to receive one or more demodulation reference signal DMRS port identifiers.
  • the transceiver module 920 is further configured to receive information of one or more subbands, where the information of the subbands is used to determine a frequency domain resource corresponding to an antenna port.
  • the transceiver module 920 is configured to transmit a signal, and specifically, may transmit a modulation symbol mapped to a frequency domain resource corresponding to each antenna port.
  • the transceiver module 920 may be an external communication interface of the baseband device.
  • the transceiver module 920 may be an antenna or an antenna port.
  • the storage module 930 may store computer-executed instructions for the method performed by the first device, so that the processing module 910 and the transceiver module 920 perform the method performed by the first device in the above example.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver module 920 can also be divided into a receiving module and a sending module, the sending module performs the sending action, and the receiving module performs the receiving action.
  • the storage module may include one or more memories, and the memories may be devices in one or more devices or circuits for storing programs or data.
  • the storage module can be a register, cache or RAM, etc., and the storage module can be integrated with the processing module.
  • the storage module can be a ROM or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, and the storage module can be independent of the processing module.
  • the transceiver module may be an input or output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the device applied to the first device according to the embodiment of the present application has been described above, and the possible product forms of the device applied to the first device are described below. It should be understood that any form of product having the features of the device applied to the first device described in FIG. 9 above falls within the protection scope of the present application. It should also be understood that the following description is only an example, and should not limit the product form of the device applied to the first device according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device can be implemented by a general bus architecture.
  • FIG. 10 a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1000 for diversity communication is provided.
  • the apparatus 1000 may be the first device, or may be a chip applied in the first device. It should be understood that the apparatus has any function of the first device in the above method. For example, the apparatus 1000 can execute each step performed by the first device in the above methods in FIGS. 2 , 3 , 6 and 7 .
  • the apparatus 1000 may include: a processor 1010 , and optionally, a transceiver 1020 and a memory 1030 .
  • the transceiver 1020 may be used to receive program instructions and transmit them to the processor 1010, or the transceiver 1020 may be used for the apparatus 1000 to communicate and interact with other communication devices, such as interactive control signaling and/or service data Wait.
  • the transceiver 1020 may be a code and/or data read/write transceiver, or the transceiver 1020 may be a signal transmission transceiver between the processor and the transceiver.
  • the processor 1010 and the memory 1030 are electrically coupled.
  • the memory 1030 is used to store a computer program; the processor 1010 can be used to call the computer program or instruction stored in the memory 1030 to execute the method executed by the first device in the above example, or to The transceiver 1020 performs the method performed by the first device in the above example.
  • the processing module 910 in FIG. 9 can be implemented by the processor 1010 .
  • the transceiver module 920 in FIG. 9 can be implemented by the transceiver 1020 .
  • the transceiver 1020 is divided into a receiver and a transmitter, the receiver performs the function of the receiving module, and the transmitter performs the function of the transmitting module.
  • the storage module 930 in FIG. 9 may be implemented by the memory 1030 .
  • the apparatus may be implemented by a general-purpose processor (a general-purpose processor may also be referred to as a chip or a chip system).
  • a general-purpose processor may also be referred to as a chip or a chip system.
  • the general-purpose processor that implements the apparatus applied to the first device includes: a processing circuit (the processing circuit may also be referred to as a processor) and an input and output interface that communicates with the internal connection and communication of the processing circuit.
  • the method further includes: a storage medium (the storage medium may also be referred to as a memory), where the storage medium is used to store instructions executed by the processing circuit to execute the method executed by the first device in the foregoing example.
  • the processing module 910 in FIG. 9 may be implemented by a processing circuit.
  • the transceiver module 920 in FIG. 9 can be implemented through an input and output interface.
  • the input and output interface is divided into an input interface and an output interface, the input interface performs the function of the receiving module, and the output interface performs the function of the sending module.
  • the storage module 930 in FIG. 9 may be implemented by a storage medium.
  • the apparatus in this embodiment of the present application can also be implemented by using one or more FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuit, or any combination of circuits capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • controllers state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuit, or any combination of circuits capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first device may be, for example, a terminal.
  • the terminal includes: at least one processor 1211 and at least one transceiver 1212 .
  • the terminal may further include: at least one memory 1213 , an output device 1214 , an input device 1215 and one or more antennas 1216 .
  • the processor 1211 , the memory 1213 and the transceiver 1212 are connected.
  • the antenna 1216 is connected to the transceiver 1212 , and the output device 1214 and the input device 1215 are connected to the processor 1211 .
  • the memory 1213 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1211 . In another example, the memory 1213 can also be integrated with the processor 1211, for example, in one chip.
  • the memory 1213 can store program codes for implementing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and is controlled and executed by the processor 1211 .
  • the processor 1211 is configured to execute the computer program codes stored in the memory 1213, thereby implementing the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the transceiver 1212 may be used to support the reception or transmission of radio frequency signals between the terminal and the terminal, or between the terminal and the network device, or between the terminal and other devices, and the transceiver 1212 may be connected with the antenna 1216 .
  • the transceiver 1212 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx.
  • one or more antennas 1216 may receive radio frequency signals
  • the receiver Rx of the transceiver 1212 is configured to receive the radio frequency signals from the antennas, convert the radio frequency signals into digital baseband signals or digital intermediate frequency signals, and convert the digital
  • the baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal is provided to the processor 1211, so that the processor 1211 performs further processing on the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal, such as demodulation processing and decoding processing.
  • the transmitter Tx in the transceiver 1212 is also used to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal from the processor 1211, convert the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and pass a The radio frequency signal or antennas 1216 transmit the radio frequency signal.
  • the receiver Rx can selectively perform one or more stages of down-mixing processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the radio frequency signal to obtain a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal.
  • the order of precedence is adjustable.
  • the transmitter Tx can selectively perform one or more stages of up-mixing processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing on the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a radio frequency signal, and the up-mixing processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing
  • the order of s is adjustable.
  • Digital baseband signals and digital intermediate frequency signals can be collectively referred to as digital signals.
  • the processor 1211 can be used to implement various functions for the terminal, for example, to process communication protocols and communication data, or to control the entire terminal device, execute software programs, and process data of software programs; or to assist in completing Computational processing tasks, such as graphic image processing or audio processing, etc.; or the processor 1211 is used to implement one or more of the above functions.
  • the output device 1214 is in communication with the processor 1211 and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 1214 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display device, a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) display device, or a projector (projector). )Wait.
  • the input device 1215 communicates with the processor 1211 and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 1215 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensor device, or the like.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can be used to execute the above diversity communication method.
  • the computer program includes instructions for implementing the above method of diversity communication.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product, including: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer can execute the method for diversity communication provided above.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, where the communication system includes: a terminal and a network device for executing the above diversity communication method.
  • the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a baseband processor, and the baseband processor and the CPU may be integrated or separated, and may also be a network processor (network processor). processor, NP) or a combination of CPU and NP.
  • the processor may further include hardware chips or other general purpose processors.
  • the above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (generic array logic, GAL) and other programmable logic devices. , discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., or any combination thereof.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), an electrically programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM). Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM Static RAM
  • DRAM Dynamic RAM
  • SDRAM Synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced SDRAM ESDRAM
  • synchronous link dynamic random access memory Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM
  • Direct Rambus RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the transceiver mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include a separate transmitter and/or a separate receiver, or the transmitter and the receiver may be integrated.
  • the transceiver may operate under the direction of the corresponding processor.
  • the transmitter may correspond to the transmitter in the physical device
  • the receiver may correspond to the receiver in the physical device.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present application are essentially or part of contributions to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种分集通信的方法及装置，用以提出一种分集传输的方案。第一设备将一个传输块对应的多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上；在每次映射中，将多个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口上。然后，第一设备对每个天线端口上的调制符号映射至天线端口对应的频域资源上，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源不重叠。由于不同的天线端口对应的频域资源不重叠，也就是一个传输块在不同的信道上传输，所以这个传输块达到了分集传输的目的。并且，在将调制符号映射至天线端口上时，每次映射多个连续的调制符号，这种映射方式可以保持所述多个连续的调制符号之间的相位差不被破坏，使通信系统可以保持较低的峰均功率比PAPR。

Description

一种分集通信的方法及装置 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种分集通信的方法及装置。
背景技术
在移动通信系统中，终端与基站之间传输的信号会出现多径衰落，导致接收端接收到的信号质量不好，或者无法接收到信号。例如，终端经常工作在城市建筑群或其他复杂的地理环境中，而且移动的速度和方向是任意的。发送端(可以是终端，也可以是基站)发出的信号经过反射、散射等传播路径后，到达接收端的信号往往是多个幅度和相位各不相同的信号的叠加，使接收到的信号幅度出现随机起伏变化，形成多径衰落。此外，当信号受到高大建筑物(例如终端移动到背离基站的大楼面前)或地形起伏等的阻挡，接收到的信号幅度会降低。另外，气象条件的变化也会影响信号的传播，使接收到的信号幅度和相位发生变化。这些都给移动通信带来了不利的影响。
为了提高移动通信系统的性能，可以采用分集技术(diversity techniques)来改善接收信号质量。分集技术可以利用多条路径传输信号，这多条路径传输相同信息且具有近似相等的平均信号强度和相互独立衰落特性。接收端在接收到这些信号后，可以对这些信号进行适当合并，以便大大降低多径衰落的影响，从而提高传输的可靠性。
基于此，如何进行分集传输是需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种分集通信的方法，用以提出一种分集传输的方案。
第一方面，提供了一种分集通信的方法。第一设备将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上；在每次映射中，将多个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口上；所述多个调制符号基于一个传输块生成。然后，第一设备对每个天线端口上的调制符号进行以下处理：将多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源不重叠。
在该实施例中，一个传输块在不同的天线端口上传输，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源不重叠，也就是一个传输块在不同的信道上传输，所以这个传输块达到了分集传输的目的。并且，在将调制符号映射至天线端口上时，每次映射多个连续的调制符号，这种映射方式可以保持所述多个连续的调制符号之间的相位差不被破坏，使通信系统可以保持较低的峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)。
在一种可能的实现中，在每次映射中，将偶数个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口。例如，当所述多个天线端口包括第一天线端口和第二天线端口时，将连续的2个调制符号映射至一个天线端口；具体可以采用以下公式，将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上：
x (0)(i)＝d (0)(4i)；
x (0)(i+1)＝d (0)(4i+1)；
X (1)(i)＝d (0)(4i+2)；
x (1)(i+1)＝d (0)(4i+3)；
其中，x (0)为第一天线端口，x (1)为第二天线端口，d (0)表示调制符号，i、4i、4i+1、4i+2和4i+3为调制符号的编号，i为大于或等于0的整数。
在一种可能的实现中，第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上之前，可以先对一个传输块进行编码后的多个比特进行调制，得到多个调制符号。
在一种可能的实现中，第一设备在将每个天线端口对应的多个调制符号映射至所述天线端口对应的频域资源之前，可以先对每个天线端口对应的多个调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transformation，DFT)。如果不执行DFT，最终得到的是正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)信号，如果执行DFT，最终得到的是离散傅里叶变换扩展正交频分复用(DFT-s-OFDM)信号。
第二方面，提供了一种分集通信的方法。第一设备对一个传输块进行处理，生成多个码字。其中，不同的码字对应不同的天线端口，不同的天线端口对应频域资源不重叠。然后，第一设备对每个码字分别进行以下处理：对码字中的比特进行调制，得到多个调制符号，并将所述多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源。
在该实施例中，一个传输块生成的不同的码字在不同的天线端口上传输，不同的天线端口对应频域资源不重叠，不同的码字经历了不同的信道，也就是一个传输块在不同的信道上传输，所以这个传输块达到了分集传输的目的。另外，由于每个码字都可以单独译码，所以即使接收端的一个天线经历了严重的衰落(例如被阻塞)，接收端还可以通过其它天线接收到的数据，恢复出第一设备的传输块。
在一种可能的实现中，一个码字为所述传输块的一个冗余版本。不同码字可以是同一个传输块的同一个冗余版本或不同冗余版本。不同的冗余版本的合并接收增益，比相同版本的合并接收增益更大。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一设备在将所述多个调制符号映射至频域资源上之前，可以先对所述多个调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT。如果不执行DFT，最终得到的是正交频分复用OFDM信号，如果执行DFT，最终得到的是离散傅里叶变换扩展正交频分复用DFT-s-OFDM信号。
以下介绍的任一种可能的实现，可以适用于第一方面，也可以适用于第二方面。
一种可能的实现中，每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续；或者，每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续。
一种可能的实现中，当每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续时，包括以下任一种：所述频域资源包括多个资源元素(resource element，RE)，所述多个资源元素RE不连续；本申请中的RE也可以替换为子载波。
所述频域资源包括多个预编码资源块组(precoding resource block group，PRG)，所述多个预编码资源块组PRG不连续；所述频域资源包括多个物理资源块(physical resource block，PRB)，所述多个物理资源块PRB不连续。
在一种可能的实现中，不连续(间隔)的部分是另外的天线端口的频域资源。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一设备还可以接收第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示将多个调制符号映射至频域资源的映射方式。例如当包括4种映射方式时，第一指示可以采 用2bit来显示指示映射方式，00、01、10、11分别表示4种不同的映射方式。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一设备还可以接收一个或多个解调参考信号(de-modulation reference signal，DMRS)端口标识。
在一种可能的实现中，在接收到多个DMRS端口标识的情况下，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的资源元素RE(子载波)；也可以理解为：所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的RE或子载波上。
或者，在接收到一个DMRS端口标识的情况下，每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续；或者，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的预编码资源块组PRG；或者，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的物理资源块PRB；也可以理解为：所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至天线端口对应的连续的频域资源上；或者，将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的PRG上；或者，将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的PRB上。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一设备还可以接收一个或多个子带的信息，所述子带的信息用于确定天线端口对应的频域资源。该子带的信息可以用于指示子带的频域位置，或指示子带的带宽。
在一种可能的实现中，在接收到子带的信息的情况下，每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续；也可以理解为：所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上时，采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至天线端口对应的连续的频域资源上。也可以称为第一设备采用子带映射方式，将所述多个调制符号映射至频域资源上。即使第一设备只接收到一个子带的信息，第一设备可以根据某种规则，推导出另外的子带的频域位置。
在一种可能的实现中，第一设备还可以将频域资源映射后的频域信号进行处理，得到正交频分复用OFDM信号或离散傅里叶变换扩展正交频分复用(DFT-s-OFDM)信号，并在对应的天线端口上发送所述OFDM信号或DFT-s-OFDM信号。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，所述装置具有实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中的功能，或实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中的功能。这些功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的功能模块。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器；所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序指令；所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序指令被执行时，用于实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中第一设备的功能，或实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中第一设备的功能。
在一种可能的实现中，所述装置还可以包括收发器，所述收发器，用于发送所述处理器处理后的信号，或者接收输入给所述处理器的信号。所述收发器可以执行第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中第一设备执行的发送动作或接收动作；或者，执行第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中第一设备执行的发送动作或接收动作。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括一个或多个处理器(也可以称为处理电路)，所述处理器与存储器(也可以称为存储介质)之间电耦合；所述存储器可以位于所述芯片系统中，也可以不位于所述芯片系统中；所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序指令；所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序指令被执行时，用于实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中第一设备的功能，或实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中第一设备的功能。
在一种可能的实现中，所述芯片系统还可以包括输入输出接口，所述输入输出接口，用于输出所述处理器处理后的信号，或者接收输入给所述处理器的信号。所述输入输出接口可以执行第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中第一设备执行的发送动作或接收动作；或者，执行第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中第一设备执行的发送动作或接收动作。
在一种可能的实现中，该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第六方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括用于实现第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中的功能的指令，或用于实现第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中的功能的指令。
或者，一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，可以使得所述计算机执行上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中第一设备执行的方法，或执行上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中第一设备执行的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中由第一设备执行的方法，或执行上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中由第一设备执行的方法。
上述第三方面至第七方面的技术效果可以参照第一方面至第二方面中的描述，重复之处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中的一种通信系统示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中的一种短时延循环延迟分集SD-CDD分集通信的过程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中的一种分集通信的过程示意图；
图4a和图4b分别为本申请实施例中的一种天线端口映射的示意图；
图5a为本申请实施例中的一种RE梳状映射方式示意图；
图5b为本申请实施例中的一种预编码资源块组PRG/物理资源块PRB交织映射方式示意图；
图5c为本申请实施例中的一种子带映射方式示意图；
图5d为本申请实施例中的一种RE梳状映射后时频资源栅格示意图；
图5e为本申请实施例中的一种子带映射后时频资源栅格示意图；
图5f为本申请实施例中的一种两个子带的频域范围连续或不连续的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中的一种分集通信的过程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中的一种分集通信的过程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中的一种频域端口与时域资源的映射关系示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中的一种分集通信的装置结构图；
图10为本申请实施例中的一种分集通信的装置结构图；
图11为本申请实施例中的一种终端的装置结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
为便于理解本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例提供的分集通信的方法的系统架构进行简要说明。可理解的，本申请实施例描述的系统架构是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)通信系统，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)，以及未来通信系统等。
为便于理解本申请实施例，接下来对本请的应用场景进行介绍，本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
如图1所示的通信系统，包括网络设备和终端，网络设备和终端之间可以利用空口资源进行无线通信。空口资源可以包括时域资源、频域资源、码域资源和空域资源中一个或多个。另外，本申请也可以适用于终端与终端之间的通信系统，或者网络设备与网络设备之间的通信系统。
为了提高移动通信系统的性能，可以采用分集技术(diversity techniques)来改善接收信号质量。如图2所示，提供了一种短时延循环延迟分集(small delay-cyclic delay diversity，SD-CDD)分集通信的过程示意图，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤201：对传输块进行编码后的多个比特(coded bits)进行调制(modulation)，得到多个调制后的符号，可以称为调制符号，调制符号也可以称为复数符号。
步骤202：对多个调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT。DFT操作也可以称为变换域预编码。该步骤202是可选的，如果不执行DFT，最终得到的是OFDM信号；如果执行DFT，最终得到的是DFT-s-OFDM信号。DFT后的每个符号可以称为采样，或复数采样或复数符号等。
步骤203：对DFT后的符号进行预编码(precoding)。此处的预编码可以是非码本传输的预编码，或码本传输的预编码。
步骤204：将预编码后的符号映射至两个天线端口上，这两个天线端口上所映射的符号相同。SD-CDD在其中一根天线上进行操作，一般通过频域加权等效造成时域(循环)移位。图2中以两个天线端口为例进行说明的，在实际应用中，可能会存在更多的天线端 口，例如4个、8个等。可选的，步骤202得到的符号可不经过步骤203的预编码直接映射至多个天线端口，所以步骤203是可选的。
步骤205：将每个天线端口上的符号映射至该天线端口对应的频域资源上，即进行子载波映射(subcarrier mapping)。需要注意的是，两个天线端口对应的频域资源相同。
步骤206：对频域资源映射后的频域信号进行逆快速傅里叶变换(inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT，IFFT)及添加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)等操作，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。然后可以在对应的天线端口上发送DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。
在该SD-CDD分集通信方案中，两路信号完全相同，虽然步骤204中通过SD-CDD操作，将两个信号一前一后发送出去。但是，这两路信号占用的时域资源仍是相同的，此处的一前一后不是时域资源不同，而是由于采样点不同导致的。
SD-CDD获取分集的原理是通过多天线端口在不同时间发送信号，增加信道的频选性，从而使得接收端获取到更大的频域分集增益。或者说，SD-CDD将天线分集转换为频域分集。但是，SD-CDD技术也会存在一些缺点，例如，性能增益依赖于信道条件，当信道本身的频选性较强时，SD-CDD获取的增益较小。再例如，DFT-s-OFDM波形下获取到的增益较小。再例如，小带宽时，循环移位的空间小，难以获取增益，再例如，SD-CDD增大了信道的时延扩展，导致信道估计性能恶化。
基于此，本申请又提出了多种分集通信的方案，本申请所提分集方案在OFDM和DFT-s-OFDM波形下均可获取发射天线端口分集增益，并且所提方案受信道条件和带宽大小等因素的影响较小。在多种应用场景下均可提供稳定的分集收益。
为便于理解本申请实施例，以下对本申请实施例的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)网络设备，具有能够为终端设备提供随机接入功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片，该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(DU，distributed unit)等。
2)终端设备，又称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)、终端等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，终端设备包括具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，终端设备可以是：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧 城市(smart city)中的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端，或具有车与车(Vehicle-to-Vehicle，V2V)公共的无线终端等。
3)、分集技术(diversity techniques)，是利用多条信号路径传输信息，在接收端对这些信号进行适当合并，以便大大降低多径衰落的影响，从而改善传输的可靠性。这多条信号路径具有传输相同信息、具有近似相等的平均信号强度、以及相互独立衰落的特性。简单来说，如果一条路径经历了深度衰落，而另一条相对独立的路径中可能仍包含着较强的信号，因此可以在多个信号中选择两个或更多的信号进行合并，这样，可以提高接收端的瞬时信噪比和平均信噪比。
4)天线端口：天线是指能够有效地向空间某特定方向辐射电磁波或能够有效地接收空间某特定方向来的电磁波的装置。
3GPP协议36.211(LTE)与38.211(NR)中的天线端口定义为：一个天线端口传输一个符号所经历的信道可以由同一个天线传播的另一个符号所经历的信道推导得出。
3GPP中的天线端口也可被称为逻辑天线端口。天线端口与物理天线的对应关系存在多种实现可能：
一种可能，天线端口与物理天线数目相等且一一对应；
一种可能，天线端口与物理天线数目相等但不是一一对应，例如，天线端口信号经预编码后映射至物理天线；
一种可能，天线端口数目小于物理天线数目。例如，一个天线端口可对应于多个物理天线所组成的阵列。
本申请所提到的天线端口与3GPP协议所定义的天线端口类似，可视作信道的一种标识方法。本申请的天线端口可以是物理的天线端口，也可以是逻辑天线端口。在本申请中，当天线端口为逻辑天线端口时，一个逻辑天线端口对应一个或多个物理天线端口，并且不同的逻辑天线端口对应的不同的物理天线端口，允许不同的逻辑天线端口对应的物理天线端口有交叉。
5)冗余版本(redundancy version，RV)：为支持基于增量冗余(incremental redundancy，IR)的混合自动重传(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)，LTE与NR支持冗余版本机制。为理解冗余版本，首先对NR的信道编码处理流程加以介绍：UE或基站生成待传输的传输块(transport block，TB)，一个TB内包含若干待传输比特。发射端首先进行TB的CRC添加，而后进行码块分割和码块级的CRC添加；之后，发射机对每个码块进行LDPC编码(在LTE中，发射机执行turbo编码，在其余通信系统中，发射机也可采用polar(极化码)等其余编码方式)；在LDPC编码后，发射机根据冗余版本ID(rv_id)进行速率匹配，生成不同的编码块冗余版本。同一个TB或CB的不同冗余版本具有不同的内容，但均包含原始TB或CB的信息。冗余版本可称为TB的冗余版本，CB的冗余版本，或码字(codeword，CW)的冗余版本；速率匹配后的多个CB经过码块拼接形成一个完整的待传输比特块；对于上行传输，待传输的数据比特块可能与上行控制信息复用后进行传输。在单次传输中，发射端一般发射TB或CB的一个冗余版本，如果接收机未能成功译码，则发射机可再次发送该TB或CB的另一个冗余版本，接收端在获取到一个TB或CB的多个冗余版本后可进行合并译码。同一个冗余版本的重复传输可获取到功率增益，而不同冗余版本的重复传输可获取到功率增益以及额外的编码增益，提升了重传性能。在NR中，每次传输所采用的冗余版本由基站向UE指示，UE根据冗余版本ID进行编码速率匹配或译 码解速率匹配。
6)、峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)：
无线信号从时域上观测是幅度不断变化的，所以无线信号的瞬时发射功率并不恒定。峰均功率比PAPR，简称峰均比。可以指一个符号内，连续信号瞬间功率峰值与信号功率平均值之比。可以用如下公式表示：
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000001
其中，Xi，表示一组序列的时域离散值；max(Xi2)，表示时域离散值平方的最大值；mean(Xi2)，表示时域离散值平方的平均值。
OFDM符号是由多个独立经过调制的子载波信号叠加而成的，当各个子载波相位相同或者相近时，叠加信号便会受到相同初始相位信号的调制，从而产生较大的瞬时功率峰值。由此带来较高的PAPR。高PAPR将会导致信号非线性失真，造成明显的频谱扩展干扰以及带内信号畸变，降低系统性能。
7)、现有通信系统中MIMO传输的层映射方式如表1所示。x表示层，x的上标为层索引，d的上标表示码字(codeword)编号，d (0)表示调制符号，i、2i、2i+1、3i、3i+1、3i+2等为调制符号的编号，i为大于或等于0的整数。一个码字可以看作一个比特集合，例如包括2400个比特。M表示每层的符号数目。
表1：用于空间复用的码字到层映射(codeword-to-layer mapping for spatial multiplexing)。
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000002
接下来将结合附图对方案进行详细介绍。附图中以虚线标识的特征或内容可理解为本申请实施例的可选操作或者可选结构。
如图3所示，提供了一种分集通信的过程示意图，以第一设备向第二设备发送数据为例进行说明。在一种示例中，第一设备为终端，第二设备为网络设备；在一种示例中，第一设备为网络设备，第二设备也为网络设备；在另一种示例中，第一设备为终端，第二设备也为终端。
图3包括以下步骤：
步骤301：第一设备对传输块(transport block，TB)进行编码等处理后的多个比特(coded bits)进行调制(modulation)，得到多个调制符号。调制符号也可以称为复数符号。
第一设备有数据发送给第二设备时，第一设备可以对传输块进行循环冗余校验(cyclic redundancy check，CRC)添加、信道编码、码块分割，速率匹配、数据控制复用，加扰等操作，得到多个编码后的比特，然后对编码后的比特进行调制，即星座图映射，得到多个调制符号。
接下来如表2所示，介绍了本申请支持的几种调制方式。
表2：支持的调制方案(supported modulation schemes)。
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000003
在上述表2中，Transform precoding disabled对应于OFDM信号，Transform precoding enabled对应于DFT-s-OFDM信号。除了表2介绍的这些调制方式，本申请还可以支持其它的调制方式，例如，BPSK，pi/4-QPSK，1024QAM，OQAM，APSK等。本申请对调制方式不进行限制。
步骤302：第一设备将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上。也可以理解为将多个调制符号分为多组(多路)调制符号，每一组(路)对应一个天线端口。
在申请中，天线端口的数量可以是2个、3个、4个甚至更多个。本申请的天线端口可以是物理的天线端口，也可以是逻辑天线端口。当天线端口为逻辑天线端口时，一个逻辑天线端口对应一个或多个物理天线端口，并且不同的逻辑天线端口对应的不同的物理天线端口，允许不同的逻辑天线端口对应的物理天线端口有交叉。不同的天线端口发射的信号经历不同的信道。
例如，待传输的调制符号(即步骤301中得到的调制符号)总数为1200个，映射至两个天线端口上，这两个天线端口分别为第一天线端口和第二天线端口，可以将其中的600个符号映射至第一天线端口，将其余的600个符号映射至第二天线端口。应理解，不同的天线端口可以映射相同数量的调制符号，也可一映射不同数量的调制符号。
在一种示例中，在每次映射中，可以将一个调制符号映射至一个天线端口。本实施例仅考虑单码字场景。
当本申请的天线端口的数量为2时，天线端口的调制符号映射方式为：
x (0)(i)＝d (0)(2i)
x (1)(i)＝d (0)(2i+1)；
当本申请的天线端口的数量为3时，天线端口的调制符号映射方式为：
x (0)(i)＝d (0)(3i)
x (1)(i)＝d (0)(3i+1)；
x (2)(i)＝d (0)(3i+2)
当本申请的天线端口的数量为4时，天线端口的调制符号映射方式为：
x (0)(i)＝d (0)(4i)
x (1)(i)＝d (0)(4i+1)
x (2)(i)＝d (0)(4i+2)
x (3)(i)＝d (0)(4i+3)
以上的x表示天线端口，x的上标表示天线端口的索引，d的上标表示码字(codeword)编号，d (0)表示调制符号，i、2i、2i+1、3i、3i+1、3i+2、4i、4i+1、4i+2和4i+3为调制符号的编号，i为大于或等于0的整数。
以上的天线端口映射与MIMO传输的层映射类似的方式，在现有技术中，在进行层映射后，还要进行天线端口的映射，一层的符号可以映射至一个或多个天线端口上，并且多个天线端口的频域资源是相同的。
如图4a所示，提供了一种将调制符号映射至两个天线端口的方式。具体的，在每次映射中，可以将一个调制符号映射至一个天线端口上，即将调制符号交替映射至不同的天线端口上。以10个调制符号为例，一个天线端口port0映射编号为0、2、4、6、8的调制符号，另一天线端口port1映射编号为1、3、5、7、9的调制符号。
在另一种示例中，在每次映射中，可以将多个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口。
对于DFT-s-OFDM波形的pi/2-BPSK调制方式来说，pi/2-BPSK符号间的相位差始终为pi/2或-pi/2，可以实现低PAPR。若采用一个调制符号交替映射的方式(如图4a所示)，则相位差始终为pi/2或-pi/2的特性被破坏，连续的调制符号之间的相位差变成了pi或-pi，这将严重恶化发送信号的PAPR。为了保证对pi/2-BPSK调制方式的兼容，在每次映射中，可以将偶数个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口。此处的偶数个，可以是OFDM符号(或DFT-s-OFDM符号)内调制符号数目的一半，单个PUSCH信道总传输调制符号数目的一半等。例如可以是2个、4个、8个等等。
当然也可以将奇数个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口。此处的奇数个，例如可以是3个、5个、7个等等。
以下以两个天线端口为例，且在每次映射中，将2个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口上进行介绍。在该方式中，码字的数目Number of codewords仍为1。具体可以采用以下公式，将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上：也可以理解为：将多个调制符号映射为多路或多组调制符号，每路或每组对应一个天线端口。
x (0)(i)＝d (0)(4i)；
x (0)(i+1)＝d (0)(4i+1)；
X (1)(i)＝d (0)(4i+2)；
x (1)(i+1)＝d (0)(4i+3)；
其中，x (0)为第一天线端口，x (1)为第二天线端口，d (0)表示调制符号，i、4i、4i+1、4i+2和4i+3为调制符号的编号，i为大于或等于0的整数。
如图4b所示，提供了一种将调制符号映射至两个天线端口的方式，具体的，在每次映射中，可以将连续的2个调制符号映射至一个天线端口的，即调制符号以2个为一组交替映射至不同的天线端口。以10个调制符号为例，一个天线端口port0映射编号为0、1、4、5、8、9的调制符号，另一天线端口port1映射编号为2、3、6、7的调制符号。
上述介绍的两个天线端口也可以替换为层，具体参见表3。
表3
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000004
虽然偶数个连续的符号的映射方式主要是为了维持pi/2-BPSK的低PAPR，但为了简化流程，偶数个符号的映射方式也可应用于DFT-s-OFDM波形的其余调制方式，或者应用于OFDM信号的调制中。在本申请中，调制方式与调制符号映射至天线端口的方式不进行限定。以下表4仅给出了可以保持通信性能较优的多种调制符号映射方式的组合方式。
表4
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000005
在另一种可能的实现方式中，为了保持pi/2-BPSK的低PAPR特性，发射端(第一设备)采用一种增强的pi/2-BPSK调制。具体地，在具有M个天线端口时，pi/2-BPSK调制符号在M个符号内保持同相位，而在M个符号间采用pi/2相移。这样，天线端口映射可复用现有的层映射，即逐个调制符号映射至不同天线端口或层，并且pi/2-BPSK的相移特性在每个天线端口处得以保留。
现有的pi/2-BPSK调制公式是：
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000006
本申请提出的增强的pi/2-BPSK调制公式可以是：
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000007
公式1；或者；
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000008
公式2；
其中，M为天线的数量(或层的数量)，M为大于或等于2的整数，b表示比特序列，取值为0或1，d为pi/2BPSK调制后的信号，i从0开始编号，i为大于或等于0的整数，
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000009
表示对i/M向下取整，j为虚部，j*j＝-1。
在一种具体的示例中，M为2，也就是上述公式适用于两个发射端口的映射或者说进行两层映射。
在另一种具体的示例中，M为4，也就是上述公式适用于四个发射端口的映射或者说进行四层映射。
若将((1-2b(i))+j(1-2b(i)))/sqrt(2)理解为BPSK序列，则从上面的公式可看出：
i＝0，1，…，M-1时，pi/2BPSK序列相对于BPSK序列的相移为0；
i＝M，M+1，…，2M-1时，pi/2BPSK序列相对于BPSK序列的相移为pi/2。
接下来以M为单位进行pi/2的相移进行介绍：
当M为2时，公式1中，i＝0至i＝15分别对应的
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000010
为：0、0、1、1、0、0、1、1、0、0、1、1、0、0、1、1；即相对于BPSK的序列的相移分别为0、0、pi/2、pi/2、0、0、pi/2、pi/2、0、0、pi/2、pi/2、0、0、pi/2、pi/2。
当M为4时，公式1中，i＝0至i＝15分别对应的
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000011
为：0、0、0、0、1、1、1、1、0、0、0、0、1、1、1、1；即相对于BPSK的序列的相移分别为0、0、0、0、pi/2、pi/2、pi/2、pi/2、0、0、0、0、pi/2、pi/2、pi/2、pi/2。
当M为2时，公式2中，i＝0至i＝15分别对应的
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000012
为：0、0、1、1、2、2、3、3、0、0、1、1、2、2、3、3；即相对于BPSK的序列的相移分别为0、0、pi/2、pi/2、pi、pi、3pi/2、3pi/2、0、0、pi/2、pi/2、pi、pi、3pi/2、3pi/2。
当M为4时，公式2中，i＝0至i＝15分别对应的
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000013
为：0、0、0、0、1、1、1、1、2、2、2、2、3、3、3、3；即相对于BPSK的序列的相移分别为0、0、0、0、pi/2、pi/2、pi/2、pi/2、pi、pi、pi、pi、3pi/2、3pi/2、3pi/2、3pi/2。
接下来介绍的步骤303，步骤304和步骤305是针对任一天线端口的调制符号进行的处理，不同的天线端口都进行如下相同的处理。
步骤303：第一设备对天线端口对应的多个调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT。DFT后的每个符号可以称为采样，或复数采样或复数符号等。
在对调制符号进行DFT时，可以先根据调度带宽，确定DFT的尺寸；然后根据DFT的尺寸，决定是否对调制符号进行分组。也就是该分组的大小与DFT所采用的尺寸相同，而DFT的尺寸则由调度带宽所决定。典型情况下，DFT尺寸与该天线端口一个DFT-s-OFDM符号所包含的调制符号数目相同。例如，一个天线端口的一个DFT-s-OFDM符号对应600个调制符号，可以将这600个调制符号作为一个整体，进行DFT。可选地， 也可以先分成多组，例如分成3组，每组有200个调制符号，以200个调制符号为一个整体，进行DFT。在NR协议中，上述DFT过程被称为变换预编码(Transform precoding)。可选的，当采用pi/2-BPSK调制时，发射机可以对DFT后信号进行频域成型操作。
步骤303是可选的，如果不执行DFT，最终得到的是OFDM信号，如果执行DFT，最终得到的是DFT-s-OFDM信号。可选的，还可以对DFT后的符号进行预编码(precoding)。
步骤304：第一设备将多个步骤302得到的多个调制符号或步骤303得到多个符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源。
在现有技术中，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源是相同的。而在本申请中，为了充分挖掘分集增益，不同的天线端口对应频域资源不重叠，或者说不同天线端口进行正交频域映射。
频域资源的粒度包括但不限于：子载波(资源元素RE)级别的(本申请的RE也可以替换为子载波)，物理资源块PRB级别的，预编码资源块组PRG级别的，资源块组RBG级别的。另外，每个天线端口对应的频域资源可以是不连续的，也可以是连续的，以下具体介绍。
在一种示例中，每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续。可选的，频域资源不连续(间隔)的部分是另外的天线端口的频域资源。不连续(间隔)的部分是均匀的、或不均匀的。
当每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续时，对应以下示例中的任一频域资源映射方式：
方式1，在频域资源包括多个不连续的子载波(资源元素RE)的情况下，所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的RE上。这种映射方式对应的传输模式，可以称为多端口频分传输模式。具体的，在不连续(间隔)的部分是均匀的情况下，这种映射方式也可以称为RE梳状映射方式。如图5a所示，以两个天线端口(分别为端口port0和端口port1)为例，提供了一种RE(子载波)梳状映射方式示意图，每个天线端口对应的符号在频域资源上均匀间隔映射。梳齿大小与天线端口的数量相关，当天线端口为2时，梳齿大小为2，即符号在频域上间隔一个子载波放置一个；当天线端口为M时，梳齿大小为M，即符号在频域上间隔M-1个子载波放置一个。这种映射方式，可以适用于OFDM信号与DFT-s-OFDM信号。分集度高，不破坏DFT-s-OFDM的单载波特性。
上述的将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的子载波上的映射方式中，两个或多个天线端口上的信号独立传输，且占用相同的PRB集合(或者说占用同样的频带范围)，因此需要分别进行信道估计。不同的天线端口需要不同端口的DMRS。DMRS是用来估计即时信道，用于数据信道，控制信道或广播信道的相干解调。
方式2，在频域资源包括多个不连续的预编码资源块组PRG的情况下，所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的PRG上。这种映射方式也可以称为：预编码资源块组PRG交织映射方式。
方式3，在频域资源包括多个不连续的物理资源块PRB的情况下，所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的PRB上。这种映射方式也可以称为：物理资源块PRB交织映射方式。
方式4，在频域资源包括多个不连续的资源块组RBG的情况下，所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至多个不连续的RBG上。这种映射方式也可以称为：资源块组RBG交织映射方式。
如图5b所示，以两个天线端口(分别为端口port0和端口port1)为例，提供了一种预编码资源块组PRG/物理资源块PRB交织映射方式示意图，不同的天线端口占用不同的PRB集合或RB组集合(一个RB组包括多个PRG或PRB，包括的PRG数目或PRB的数目可以由网络设备配置)。例如，天线端口0占用偶数PRB，而天线端口1占用奇数PRB。该种映射方式可以适用于OFDM信号，分集度高。
上述的方式2、方式3和方式4中，两个或多个天线端口占用不同的频带范围，可以仅占用或分配一个DMRS端口。
如图5d所示，提供了一种RE梳状映射后时频资源栅格示意图。其中，横轴表示了一个时隙的14个OFDM符号(或DFT-s-OFDM符号)，而纵轴表示了2个频域PRB，或者说24个频域子载波。在图5d中，天线0发送数据信号占据偶数编号的子载波，天线1发送数据信号占据奇数编号的子载波。
在采用了RE梳状映射方式传输数据信号的情况下，当传输DMRS时，各天线的DMRS所占用的子载波与数据信号占用子载波可以相同，也可以不同。例如，天线0和天线1仍然分别占用偶数和奇数编号子载波发送数据，但天线0和天线1对应的DMRS均映射至偶数编号子载波，此时两天线端口DMRS可通过频域正交码实现正交。在NR现有协议中，DMRS所占用的频域资源及正交码由DMRS端口号决定。
在另一种示例中，方式5：在每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续的情况下，所述第一设备在将多个调制符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上采用的映射方式为：将多个调制符号映射至连续的频域资源上。例如一个天线端口的频域资源包括多个子载波或多个PRB或多个PRG，这多个子载波或多个PRB或多个PRG可以看作是一个子带。在本申请中，这种映射方式也可以称为：子带映射方式。多个天线端口对应的多个频域资源之间可以连续，也可以不连续。
如图5c所示，以两个天线端口(分别为port0和port1)为例，提供了一种子带映射方式示意图，在该映射方式中，子带数目等于天线端口数目。不同的天线端口对应不同的子带。通常，各子带在频域上连续，一个天线端口的频域资源(即一个子带)包括3个PRB，且两个天线端口对应的频域资源也连续。该种映射方式可以适用于OFDM信号与DFT-s-OFDM信号。该种映射方式实现简单，不破坏DFT-s-OFDM的单载波特性。
上述的方式5中，两个或多个天线端口占用不同的频带范围，只需要一个DMRS端口即可。但是由于多个子带由不同的天线端口发射，因此多个子带应分别独立映射DMRS序列，也就是一个子带发送一个DMRS序列，而不是多个子带共同发送一个DMRS序列(即一个子带发送一个DMRS序列的一部分，另外的子带发送这个DMRS序列的另一部分)，以保证DMRS的PAPR不被恶化。在一种可能的实现方式中，当采用OFDM波形时，多个子带的DMRS序列由各自的频域位置和端口号等信息确定。在另一种可能的实现方式中，当采用DFT-s-OFDM波形时，多个子带的DMRS序列相同。
如图5e所示，提供了一种子带映射后时频资源栅格示意图。其中，横轴表示了一个时隙的14个OFDM符号(或DFT-s-OFDM符号)，而纵轴表示了2个频域PRB，或者说24个频域子载波。在图5e中，天线0发送数据信号占据一个PRB(即12个子载波，14个符号，天线1发送数据信号占据另一个PRB。天线0发送数据信号与发送DMRS占用相同的子带，天线1发送数据信号与发送DMRS也占用相同的子带。
第一设备如何确定采用哪种映射方式将符号映射至频域资源上，后续进行介绍。
步骤305：第一设备将频域资源映射后的频域信号进行处理生成DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号，例如进行逆快速傅里叶变换(inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT，IFFT)及添加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)等操作，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。然后可以在对应的天线端口上发送DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。
在该实施例中，一个传输块在不同的天线端口上传输，也就是一个传输块在不同的信道上传输，所以这个传输块达到了分集通信的目的。并且在OFDM和DFT-s-OFDM波形下均可获取发射天线端口分集增益，并且所提方案受信道条件和带宽大小等因素的影响较小。在多种应用场景下均可提供稳定的分集收益。
在本申请的另一实施例中，上述图3的示例中的天线端口也可以替换为天线端口集合。也就是将多个符号映射至多个天线端口集合上，天线端口集合是一个整体，本申请不关系一个天线端口集合中有几个天线端口，只关心有几个天线端口集合。该种替换方式，也适用于后续介绍的几个实施例。
在上述步骤304中，介绍了5种映射方式。接下来介绍第一设备如何确定，采用哪种映射方式将符号(例如调制符号或DFT后的符号)映射至频域资源上。
方式a，协议规定在采用本申请的分集通信方式时，将符号映射至频域资源上的一种映射方式。协议规定的这种映射方式可以是上述5种映射方式中的任一种，也可以是除这5种映射方式外的某一种映射方式，例如普通的单流传输。
方式b，第一设备还可以接收第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示将多个符号映射至频域资源的映射方式。例如当包括4种以上的映射方式时，第二设备可以采用3bit来显示指示映射方式，例如，000、001、010、011、100等分别表示不同的映射方式。
通常，第一设备为终端，终端接收来自网络设备的第一指示。第一指示可以是承载于半静态信令或动态信令中。半静态信令例如无线资源控制(radio resource Control，RRC)、媒体接入控制(medium access control，MAC)控制元素(control element，CE)。动态信令例如下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)。
可选的，当第一指示由动态信令承载时，例如由上行调度DCI指示时，第一指示仅指示本次调度传输中采用的映射方式。第一设备在下一次传输，下下次传输……，可以根据新的指示确定新的映射方式。
可选的，当第一指示由半静态信令承载时，第一指示所指示的映射方式可以一直被采用，第一设备在下一次传输，下下次传输……中，均可以采用本次传输中采用的映射方式，直至第一设备接收到承载在半静态信令中的新的指示，来指示新的映射方式。
方式c，第一设备可以通过接收一个或多个解调参考信号DMRS端口标识，来决定采用哪种映射方式。
通常，第一设备为终端，终端接收来自网络设备的一个或多个DMRS端口标识。
在一种示例中，通过向第一设备发送DMRS端口标识的数量，来隐式指示第一设备采用哪种映射方式将符号映射至频域资源上。具体的：
第一设备当接收到多个DMRS端口标识时，所述第一设备在将多个符号映射至天线端 口的频域资源上时，采用的映射方式为：所述频域资源包括多个资源元素RE，所述多个资源元素RE不连续，即上述的方式1。第一设备当接收到一个DMRS端口标识时，所述第一设备在将多个符号映射至天线端口的频域资源上时，采用的映射方式为：每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续，即上述的方式5；或者，所述频域资源包括多个预编码资源块组PRG，所述多个预编码资源块组PRG不连续，即上述的方式2；或者，所述频域资源包括多个物理资源块PRB，所述多个物理资源块PRB不连续，即上述的方式3；或者，频域资源包括多个资源块组RBG，所述多个资源块组RBG不连续，即上述的方式4；或者，普通的单流传输。
在另一种示例中，通过向第一设备发送DMRS端口标识，来隐式指示第一设备采用方式1的映射方式将符号映射至频域资源上。具体的：
第一设备即使只接收到一个DMRS端口标识，可以根据某种规则，推导出另外的端口的标识。此时，仍然可以采用上述的方式1的映射方式。此处的某种规则可以是协议规定的，也可以是网络设备为第一设备配置的。
DMRS端口标识可以是DMRS端口号。在根据一个DMRS端口号a，推导另外的一个或多个DMRS端口号时，可以在DMRS端口号的基础上，增加某个数值，或者减去某个数值，从而得到另外的DMRS端口号。
以下介绍一种DMRS端口号的推导方式，仅是以两个天线端口，即两个DMRS端口为例进而介绍，这个示例不造成对本申请的限定：
一种示例，终端被配置了DMRS配置类型1，则：
第二DMRS端口号＝第一DMRS端口号+1；
第二DMRS端口号＝第一DMRS端口号+2；
另一种示例，终端被配置了DMRS配置类型2，则：
第二DMRS端口号＝第一DMRS端口号+1；
第二DMRS端口号＝第一DMRS端口号+2；
第二DMRS端口号＝第一DMRS端口号+3。
DMRS配置类型1和DMRS配置类型2是协议规定的两种类型。
也可以是第二DMRS端口号＝第一DMRS端口号-1；第二DMRS端口号＝第一DMRS端口号-2等。
另外，需要注意的是，为第一设备配置一个或多个解调参考信号DMRS端口标识，与确定映射方式可以是解耦的，为第一设备配置一个或多个解调参考信号DMRS端口标识，是为了便于第一设备发送DMRS。例如，可以通过上述的方式a或方式b确定映射方式，也可以通过下文介绍的方式d确定映射方式。如果第一设备采用的映射方式为：方式1，如果第一设备接收来自网络设备的多个DMRS端口标识，则每个DMRS端口标识对应一个天线端口，如果第一设备接收来自网络设备的一个DMRS端口标识，第一设备也可以采用上述的方式，推导出另外的端口的标识。
方式d：第一设备可以通过接收一个或多个子带的信息，来决定采用方式5的映射方式。所述子带的信息用于确定天线端口对应的频域资源，该子带的信息用于指示子带的频域位置，或者指示所述子带的带宽。也就是通过向第一设备发送子带的信息，来隐式指示第一设备采用方式5的映射方式将符号映射至频域资源上。
通常，第一设备为终端，终端接收来自网络设备的一个或多个子带的信息。
通常，所有的子带的粒度(带宽)是相同的，例如占用数量的子载波，或相同数量的RB，或相同数量的PRB，或相同数量的PRG等。这多个子带的频域范围可以是连续的，也可以是不连续的。例如图5f所示，提供了一种两个子带的频域范围可以是连续的示例，以及两个子带的频域范围不连续的示例。这两子带可位于同一个带宽部分(band width Part，BWP)或同一个分量载波(component carrier，CC)，也可以占用不同的CC。通常分量载波包括很多个子载波。
网络设备在向终端(第一设备)告知的一个或多个子带的信息时，包括但不限于以下示例：
示例的，网络设备向第一设备发送多个子带的信息，例如频域位置，则每个子带对应一个天线端口。
示例的，网络设备向第一设备发送一个子带的信息，例如频域位置和带宽，则第一设备可以根据一个子带，推导出另外的一个或多个子带。这种推导方式可以是协议规定的，也可以是传输数据的双方约定号的。例如，终端在该子带邻接处放置另外的子带。
示例的，网络设备向第一设备通知所有的子带的带宽之和(例如32RB、64RB)，第一设备可以根据天线端口的数量，自行确定每个子带的带宽，以及每个子带的频域位置。
示例的，网络设备向第一设备通知每个子带的带宽，第一设备自行确定每个子带的频域位置。具体的，网络设备只需要通知一个带宽即可，所有的子带的带宽相同。
网络设备在向终端告知多个一个或子带的信息时，可以通过下行控制信息DCI告知。
目前，DCI中包括频域资源配置信息。本申请可以利用DCI中的频域资源配置信息指示一个子带所占用频域位置。可选的，本申请在DCI包括频域资源配置信息的基础上，再增加第二指示信息，来指示其它的一个或多个子带的频域信息。在一种可能的实现中，第二指示直接指示其它的一个或多个子带的频域位置的起始位置。起始位置的通知粒度可以是RB，也可以是多个RB，例如RBG。若网络设备通过DCI指示其它的一个或多个子带的频域信息，则DCI需要新增比特或重新解读原有比特，也就是上述的第二指示信息可以是新增的比特来承载或重新解读的原有比特来承载。
在一种可能的实现中，当网络设备通过RRC等信令为UE配置了本申请中的分集传输方式时，UE认为DCI中包括上述新增比特或者UE对DCI中的某些比特重新解读。上述新增比特可位于DCI格式0_1或0_2，也可位于其余DCI格式。
在非相干(non-coherent)传输中，网络设备可以获知每个天线端口的信道幅度信息，但难以获取到准确的信道相位信息。非连续子带映射可保证终端上行传输获取到每根天线的频选增益。
另外，需要注意的是，为第一设备配置一个或多个子带的信息，与确定映射方式可以是解耦的，为第一设备配置一个或多个子带的信息，是为了便于第一设备确定具体的映射位置。例如，可以通过上述的方式a或方式b确定映射方式为方式5。然后根据子带的信息确定方式5的具体映射位置。如果第一设备接收来自网络设备的多个子带的信息，则每个子带对应一个天线端口，如果第一设备接收来自网络设备的一个子带的信息，第一设备也可以推导出另外的子带的频域位置。
上述介绍了，在DCI包括频域资源配置信息的基础上，再增加第二指示信息，来指示其它的一个或多个子带的频域位置。在另一实施例中，第二指示信息也可以指示子带的频 带中心重合，或者频带中心不重合。第二指示信息可以占用1个比特。以两个子带为例，分别为第一子带和第二子带，频域配置信息指示第一子带所占用的频域位置，第二指示信息可以指示第二子带与第一子带的频域中心重合或不重合。当频域中心不重合时，可以认为采用本申请的方式5的映射方式进行频域资源映射。当频域中心重合时，第一子带与第二子带的频域资源相同，即频域位置相同，可以认为采用现有技术中的方式进行资源映射。
在一种可选的实现中，当第一子带和第二子带的频域位置相同时，分集传输转化为多流传输。多个端口发送的数据相同，就是单流，多个端口发送的数据不同就是多流，例如本申请的梳状传输，多个子带传输，都是多流。
接下来如图6所示，再介绍一种分集通信的过程示意图，图6的示例与图3的示例的区别在于：在图3的示例中，先对编码后的比特进行调制(步骤301)，再将调制后的调制符号映射至多个天线端口上(步骤302)。在图6的示例中，先将编码后的比特映射至多个天线端口上，然后再针对每个天线端口上的比特进行调制。其余部分均相同。
图6包括以下步骤：
步骤601：第一设备将多个比特映射至多个天线端口上，所述多个比特为一个传输块编码后的比特。步骤601的具体过程与图3中的步骤302中将调制符号映射至多个天线端口的过程相同，不同之处仅是将步骤302中的调制符号替换为编码后的比特。
所述第一设备分别对每个天线端口上的比特进行以下相同的处理：例如有两个天线端口，其中一个天线端口执行步骤602至步骤605；另一天线端口也执行步骤602至步骤605。
步骤602：第一设备对天线端口对应的比特进行调制，得到多个调制符号。步骤602的具体过程与图3中的步骤301的具体过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
步骤603：第一设备对天线端口对应的多个调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT。步骤603是可选的，步骤603的具体过程与图3中的步骤303的具体过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。可选的，还可以对DFT后的符号进行预编码(precoding)。
步骤604：第一设备将步骤602得到的多个调制符号或步骤603得到的多个符号映射至频域资源，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源；其中，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源不重叠。步骤604的具体过程与图3中的步骤304的具体过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
步骤605：第一设备将频域资源映射后的频域信号进行处理，例如进行逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT及添加循环前缀CP等操作，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。然后可以在对应的天线端口上发送DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。步骤605的具体过程与图3中的步骤305的具体过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
接下来如图7所示，再介绍一种分集通信过程示意图，包括以下步骤：
步骤701：第一设备对一个传输块进行处理，生成多个码字。
此处的处理可以是进行循环冗余校验(cyclic redundancy check，CRC)、编码、速率匹配(rate matching)等处理，生成多个码字。其中，不同的码字对应不同的天线端口，不同的天线端口对应频域资源不重叠。
在一种示例中，一个码字为所述传输块的一个冗余版本。不同码字的冗余版本相同或不同。例如，例如，第一天线端口采用一个TB的冗余版本0，而第二天线端口采用同一 个TB的冗余版本1，2或3。不同的冗余版本的合并接收增益，比相同版本的合并接收增益更大。
不同天线端口发射一个码字的不同冗余版本，而每一个冗余版本都可以在接收端进行独立译码。从而保证一个或一组发射端口功率过低的情况下，接收端依然能实现正确译码。
在一种示例中，每个天线端口对应的冗余版本可以是协议规定的，也可以是网络设备通知给第一设备的，例如通过DCI通知。例如，DCI中可以包含每个天线端口各自的冗余版本信息，或者，DCI只包含一个天线端口的冗余版本信息，而其余的天线端口的冗余版本信息可以由一个天线端口的冗余版本信息推导出来。
接下来介绍的步骤702，步骤703、步骤704和步骤705是针对任一天线端口(即任一码字)进行的处理，不同的天线端口(码字)都进行如下相同的处理。
步骤702：第一设备对码字中的比特进行调制，得到多个调制符号。
一个码字中包括多个比特。步骤702中对比特进行调制的方式，与图3中的步骤301中对比特进行调制的方式相同，重复之处不再赘述。
可选的，步骤703：所述第一设备对天线端口对应的多个调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT。步骤703的具体过程与图3中的步骤303的具体过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。可选的，还可以对DFT后的符号进行预编码(precoding)。
步骤704：第一设备将步骤702得到的多个调制符号或步骤703得到的多个符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源。步骤704的具体过程与图3中的步骤304的具体过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
步骤705：第一设备将频域资源映射后的频域信号进行处理，例如进行逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT及添加循环前缀CP等操作，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。然后可以在对应的天线端口上发送DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。步骤705的具体过程与图3中的步骤305的具体过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
在本实施例中，一个TB的多个冗余版本在不同的天线端口经过独立的调制，DFT，频域映射，IFFT等操作生成DFT-s-OFDM符号或者OFDM符号。因此，可视作TB生成了两个PUSCH，且两个PUSCH在不同天线端口的不同频域位置进行发送。
在该实施例中，一个传输块生成的不同的码字在不同的天线端口上传输，不同的码字经历了不同的信道，也就是一个传输块在不同的信道上传输，所以这个传输块达到了分集通信的目的。另外，由于每个码字都可以单独译码，所以即使接收端的一个天线经历了严重的衰落，例如被阻塞，接收端还可以通过其它天线接收到的数据，恢复出发送端的传输块。
在本申请的一个实施例中，图7所示的分集通信方案可以与现有的时隙聚合方法结合。在现有的上行时隙聚合传输方法中，基站调度UE多个物理上行共享信道PUSCH传输，多个PUSCH传输采用一个TB的不同冗余版本，冗余版本的确定方式如下表5所示。示例性地，基站调度UE进行时隙聚合的上行传输，且重复次数为2。在收到调度信息后，UE会在两个时隙进行传输，两次传输所采用的冗余版本由DCI指示和/或下表5确定。
本实施例的方案可采用类似的机制，区别是两次(或多次)PUSCH传输采用相同时隙的相同符号集合，但两次传输采用不同的冗余版本和频域资源。冗余版本的确定可直接复用现有协议的时隙聚合方案，而频域资源的确定可参考上述实施例的介绍。
表5：PUSCH传输的冗余版本(Redundancy version for PUSCH transmission)。
Figure PCTCN2020119632-appb-000014
一种可能的实现方式为：基站为UE配置本实施例所示的特殊重复方式，然后UE在频域和时域进行重复发送。若基站指示的重复发送次数等于进行发送端分集的天线端口或天线端口组数目，则重复发送在一个时隙内完成。若基站指示的重复发送次数大于进行发端分集的天线端口或天线端口组数目，则重复发送在多个时隙内完成，即UE优先进行频域或天线端口的重复发送，再进行时域的重复发送。当存在时域重复时，不同的时隙可以改变天线端口与频域资源的映射关系，如图8所示，(a)和(b)中，针对重复的第一时隙，频域端口与时域资源的映射关系没有改变，针对重复的第二时隙，频域端口与时域资源的映射关系发生了改变。
上述介绍了多种第一设备(发送端)执行的分集通信过程，接下来再介绍第二设备(接收端执行的分集通信过程。接收端的过程为发送端的逆过程，具体的：
第二设备对接收到OFDM信号进行处理，得到频域信号；
所述第二设备对所述频域信号解映射，得到调制符号；
所述第二设备对调制符号进行处理，得到多个码字的软信息；
所述第二设备对多个码字的软信息合并，得到传输块。
前文介绍了本申请实施例的方法，下文中将介绍本申请实施例中的装置。方法、装置是基于同一技术构思的，由于方法、装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例，对装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分为各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个模块中。这些模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，具体实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
基于与上述方法的同一技术构思，参见图9，提供了一种分集通信的装置900结构示意图，该装置900可以为第一设备，也可以为应用于第一设备中的芯片或功能单元。该装置900具有上述方法中第一设备的任意功能，例如，该装置900能够执行上述图2、图3、图6和图7的方法中由第一设备执行的各个步骤。
该装置900可以包括：收发模块920，处理模块910，可选的，还包括存储模块930。 处理模块910可以分别与存储模块930和收发模块920相连，所述存储模块930也可以与收发模块920相连。
所述收发模块920，可以执行上述方法实施例中第一设备执行的接收动作和发送动作。
所述处理模块910，可以执行上述方法实施例中第一设备执行的动作中，除发送动作和接收动作外的其它动作。
在一种示例中，所述处理模块910，用于将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上；在每次映射中，将多个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口；所述多个调制符号基于一个传输块生成；对每个天线端口上的调制符号进行以下处理：将多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源；其中，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源的不重叠。
在一种示例中，所述处理模块910，用于对一个传输块进行处理，生成多个码字；以及对每个码字分别进行以下处理：对码字中的比特进行调制，得到多个调制符号，并将所述多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源；其中，不同的码字对应不同的天线端口，不同的天线端口对应频域资源不重叠；
在一种示例中，所述收发模块920，还用于接收第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示将多个调制符号映射至频域资源的映射方式。
在一种示例中，所述收发模块920，还用于接收一个或多个解调参考信号DMRS端口标识。
在一种示例中，所述收发模块920，还用于接收一个或多个子带的信息，所述子带的信息用于确定天线端口对应的频域资源。
在一种示例中，所述收发模块920，用于发送信号，具体可以是发送映射到各个天线端口对应的频域资源上的调制符号。当该装置为基带装置时，收发模块920可以是基带装置对外的通信接口。当该装置非基带装置时，收发模块920可以是天线、天线端口。
在一种示例中，所述存储模块930，可以存储第一设备执行的方法的计算机执行指令，以使处理模块910和收发模块920执行上述示例中第一设备执行的方法。
上述的收发模块920，也可以分为接收模块和发送模块，发送模块执行发送动作，接收模块执行接收动作。
示例的，存储模块可以包括一个或者多个存储器，存储器可以是一个或者多个设备、电路中用于存储程序或者数据的器件。存储模块可以是寄存器、缓存或者RAM等，存储模块可以和处理模块集成在一起。存储模块可以是ROM或者可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，存储模块可以与处理模块相独立。
所述收发模块可以是输入或者输出接口、管脚或者电路等。
以上介绍了本申请实施例的应用于第一设备的装置，以下介绍所述应用于第一设备的装置可能的产品形态。应理解，但凡具备上述图9所述的应用于第一设备的装置的特征的任何形态的产品，都落入本申请的保护范围。还应理解，以下介绍仅为举例，不应限制本申请实施例的应用于第一设备的装置的产品形态仅限于此。
作为一种可能的产品形态，装置可以由一般性的总线体系结构来实现。
如图10所示，提供了一种分集通信的装置1000的示意性框图。该装置1000可以为第一设备，也可以为应用于第一设备中的芯片。应理解，该装置具有上述方法中第一设备的任意功能，例如，所述装置1000能够执行上述图2、图3、图6和图7的方法中由第一设备执行的各个步骤。
该装置1000可以包括：处理器1010，可选的，还包括收发器1020、存储器1030。该收发器1020，可以用于接收程序指令并传输至所述处理器1010，或者，该收发器1020可以用于该装置1000与其他通信设备进行通信交互，比如交互控制信令和/或业务数据等。该收发器1020可以为代码和/或数据读写收发器，或者，该收发器1020可以为处理器与收发机之间的信号传输收发器。所述处理器1010和所述存储器1030之间电耦合。
示例的，所述存储器1030，用于存储计算机程序；所述处理器1010，可以用于调用所述存储器1030中存储的计算机程序或指令，执行上述示例中第一设备执行的方法，或者通过所述收发器1020执行上述示例中第一设备执行的方法。
图9中的处理模块910可以通过所述处理器1010来实现。
图9中的收发模块920可以通过所述收发器1020来实现。或者，收发器1020分为接收器和发送器，接收器执行接收模块的功能，发送器执行发送模块的功能。
图9中的存储模块930可以通过所述存储器1030来实现。
作为一种可能的产品形态，装置可以由通用处理器(通用处理器也可以称为芯片或芯片系统)来实现。
一种可能的实现方式中，实现应用于第一设备的装置的通用处理器包括：处理电路(处理电路也可以称为处理器)和与所述处理电路内部连接通信的输入输出接口。可选的，还包括：存储介质(存储介质也可以称为存储器)，所述存储介质用于存储处理电路执行的指令，以执行上述示例中第一设备执行的方法。
图9中的处理模块910可以通过处理电路来实现。
图9中的收发模块920可以通过输入输出接口来实现。或者，输入输出接口分为输入接口和输出接口，输入接口执行接收模块的功能，输出接口执行发送模块的功能。
图9中的存储模块930可以通过存储介质来实现。
作为一种可能的产品形态，本申请实施例的装置，还可以使用下述来实现：一个或多个FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)、PLD(可编程逻辑器件)、控制器、状态机、门逻辑、分立硬件部件、任何其它适合的电路、或者能够执行本申请通篇所描述的各种功能的电路的任意组合。
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种第一设备的结构示意图。该第一设备例如可以是终端。
终端包括：至少一个处理器1211、至少一个收发器1212。在一种可能的示例中，终端还可以包括：至少一个存储器1213、输出设备1214、输入设备1215和一个或多个天线1216。其中，处理器1211、存储器1213和收发器1212相连。天线1216与收发器1212相连，输出设备1214、输入设备1215与处理器1211相连。
存储器1213可以是独立存在，与处理器1211相连。在另一种示例中，存储器1213 也可以和处理器1211集成在一起，例如集成在一个芯片之内。其中，存储器1213能够存储执行本申请实施例的技术方案的程序代码，并由处理器1211来控制执行，被执行的各类计算机程序代码也可被视为是处理器1211的驱动程序。例如，处理器1211用于执行存储器1213中存储的计算机程序代码，从而实现本申请实施例中的技术方案。
收发器1212可以用于支持终端与终端、或者终端与网络设备、或者终端与其它设备之间射频信号的接收或者发送，收发器1212可以与天线1216相连。收发器1212包括发射机Tx和接收机Rx。具体地，一个或多个天线1216可以接收射频信号，该收发器1212的接收机Rx用于从天线接收所述射频信号，并将射频信号转换为数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该数字基带信号或数字中频信号提供给所述处理器1211，以便处理器1211对该数字基带信号或数字中频信号做进一步的处理，例如解调处理和译码处理。此外，收发器1212中的发射机Tx还用于从处理器1211接收经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号转换为射频信号，并通过一个或多个天线1216发送所述射频信号。具体地，接收机Rx可以选择性地对射频信号进行一级或多级下混频处理和模数转换处理以得到数字基带信号或数字中频信号，所述下混频处理和模数转换处理的先后顺序是可调整的。发射机Tx可以选择性地对经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号时进行一级或多级上混频处理和数模转换处理以得到射频信号，所述上混频处理和数模转换处理的先后顺序是可调整的。数字基带信号和数字中频信号可以统称为数字信号。
处理器1211可以用于为终端实现各种功能，例如用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，或者用于对整个终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据；或者用于协助完成计算处理任务，例如对图形图像处理或者音频处理等等；或者处理器1211用于实现上述功能中的一种或者多种。
输出设备1214和处理器1211通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备1214可以是液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD就)、发光二级管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)显示设备、阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube，CRT)显示设备、或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备1215和处理器1211通信，可以采用多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备1215可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，可以使得所述计算机用于执行上述分集通信的方法。或者说：所述计算机程序包括用于实现上述分集通信的方法的指令。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述提供的分集通信的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信的系统，所述通信系统包括：执行上述分集通信的方法的终端和网络设备。
另外，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，基带处理器，基带处理器和CPU可以集成在一起，或者分开，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片或其他通用处理器。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编 程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)及其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等或其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本申请描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例中提及的收发器中可以包括单独的发送器，和/或，单独的接收器，也可以是发送器和接收器集成一体。收发器可以在相应的处理器的指示下工作。可选的，发送器可以对应物理设备中发射机，接收器可以对应物理设备中的接收机。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例中描述的各方法步骤和单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各实施例的步骤及组成。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域普通技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参见前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包括有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请中的“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。本申请中所涉及的多个，是指两个或两个以上。另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种分集通信的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一设备将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上；在每次映射中，将多个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口；所述多个调制符号基于一个传输块生成；
    所述第一设备对每个天线端口上的调制符号进行以下处理：将多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源；
    其中，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源的不重叠。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在每次映射中，将偶数个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口。
  3. 一种分集通信的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一设备对一个传输块进行处理，生成多个码字；
    所述第一设备对每个码字分别进行以下处理：对码字中的比特进行调制，得到多个调制符号，并将所述多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源；
    其中，不同的码字对应不同的天线端口，不同的天线端口对应频域资源不重叠。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，一个码字为所述传输块的一个冗余版本。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续；或者，
    每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续包括以下任一种：
    所述频域资源所包括的多个资源元素RE不连续；
    所述频域资源所包括的多个预编码资源块组PRG不连续；
    所述频域资源所包括的多个物理资源块PRB不连续。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一设备接收第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示将多个调制符号映射至频域资源的映射方式。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一设备接收一个或多个解调参考信号DMRS端口标识。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，在接收到多个DMRS端口标识的情况下，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的资源元素RE；或者，
    在接收到一个DMRS端口标识的情况下，每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续；或者，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的预编码资源块组PRG；或者，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的物理资源块PRB。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一设备接收一个或多个子带的信息，所述子带的信息用于确定天线端口对应的频域资源。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在接收到子带的信息的情况下，每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续。
  12. 一种分集通信的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理模块，用于将多个调制符号映射至多个天线端口上；在每次映射中，将多个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口；所述多个调制符号基于一个传输块生成；对每个天线端口上的调制符号进行以下处理：将多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源；其中，不同的天线端口对应的频域资源的不重叠；
    收发模块，用于发送映射到各个天线端口对应的频域资源上的调制符号。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，在每次映射中，将偶数个连续的调制符号映射至一个天线端口。
  14. 一种分集通信的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理模块，用于对一个传输块进行处理，生成多个码字；以及对每个码字分别进行以下处理：对码字中的比特进行调制，得到多个调制符号，并将所述多个调制符号映射至频域资源上，所述频域资源为天线端口对应的频域资源；其中，不同的码字对应不同的天线端口，不同的天线端口对应频域资源不重叠；
    收发模块，用于发送映射到各个天线端口对应的频域资源上的调制符号。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，一个码字为所述传输块的一个冗余版本。
  16. 如权利要求12-15任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续；或者，
    每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，当每个天线端口对应的频域资源不连续时，包括以下任一种：
    所述频域资源所包括的多个资源元素RE不连续；
    所述频域资源所包括的多个预编码资源块组PRG不连续；
    所述频域资源所包括的多个物理资源块PRB不连续。
  18. 如权利要求12-17任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块，还用于接收第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示将多个调制符号映射至频域资源的映射方式。
  19. 如权利要求12-18任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块，还用于接收一个或多个解调参考信号DMRS端口标识。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，在接收到多个DMRS端口标识的情况下，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的资源元素RE；或者，
    在接收到一个DMRS端口标识的情况下，每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续；或者，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的预编码资源块组PRG；或者，所述频域资源包括多个不连续的物理资源块PRB。
  21. 如权利要求12-20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块，还用于接收一个或多个子带的信息，所述子带的信息用于确定天线端口对应的频域资源。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，在接收到子带的信息的情况下，每个天线端口对应的频域资源连续。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序指令；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序指令，当所述部分或 者全部计算机程序指令被执行时，用于实现如权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，所述芯片系统包括：处理电路；所述处理电路与存储介质耦合；
    所述处理电路，用于执行所述存储介质中的部分或者全部计算机程序指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序指令被执行时，用于实现如权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括用于实现权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法的指令。
  26. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法。
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