WO2022068606A1 - 热管理系统 - Google Patents

热管理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022068606A1
WO2022068606A1 PCT/CN2021/118916 CN2021118916W WO2022068606A1 WO 2022068606 A1 WO2022068606 A1 WO 2022068606A1 CN 2021118916 W CN2021118916 W CN 2021118916W WO 2022068606 A1 WO2022068606 A1 WO 2022068606A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
compressor
heat exchange
management system
thermal management
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/118916
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董军启
王义彪
贾世伟
黄宁杰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanhua Holding Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanhua Holding Group Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202011069952.0A external-priority patent/CN112428769B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011069997.8A external-priority patent/CN112428771B/zh
Application filed by Sanhua Holding Group Co Ltd filed Critical Sanhua Holding Group Co Ltd
Priority to EP21874267.4A priority Critical patent/EP4224088A4/en
Priority to US18/029,658 priority patent/US20230356564A1/en
Publication of WO2022068606A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022068606A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00907—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant changes and an evaporator becomes condenser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3223—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or type of the compressor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00935—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising four way valves for controlling the fluid direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00957—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising locations with heat exchange within the refrigerant circuit itself, e.g. cross-, counter-, or parallel heat exchange
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/003—Indoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/004—Outdoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0234—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in series arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0254—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in series arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F25B2400/121—Inflammable refrigerants using R1234
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of thermal management, and in particular, to a thermal management system.
  • the compressor includes a motor assembly and a compression assembly.
  • the compression assembly is used to compress the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.
  • the motor assembly provides power for the compression assembly to compress the refrigerant.
  • the motor assembly continues to generate heat under working conditions and requires cooling treatment. .
  • the refrigerant flowing into the compressor first flows through the motor assembly, thereby cooling the motor assembly, the refrigerant after absorbing heat enters the inlet of the compression assembly, and after being compressed in the compression assembly, flows out of the compressor from the outlet of the compression assembly.
  • the refrigerant before entering the compression assembly has absorbed the heat of the motor assembly, the temperature of the refrigerant at the inlet of the compression assembly is higher, the concentration of the refrigerant becomes smaller under the same volume, and the amount of refrigerant compressed by the compression assembly each time becomes smaller. , so that the compressor works less efficiently.
  • the inventors believe that there is a need for improvement.
  • the present application provides a thermal management system capable of improving the working efficiency of a compressor.
  • a thermal management system comprising: a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a first flow regulating device, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger and a first pump , the compressor includes a first flow channel for circulating refrigerant and a second flow channel for circulating cooling liquid, the first flow channel of the compressor and the second flow channel of the compressor are not communicated;
  • a second flow passage of the compressor can communicate with the third heat exchanger, a first flow passage of the compressor can communicate with the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger can communicate with the first heat exchanger.
  • the first flow regulating device is in communication, the first flow regulating device can be communicated with the second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger can be communicated with the first flow passage of the compressor;
  • the thermal management system has a cooling mechanism and a first refrigeration mechanism. Under the cooling mechanism, the first pump, the second flow channel of the compressor and the third heat exchanger are communicated to form a cooling liquid circuit , the third heat exchanger conducts heat exchange with the atmospheric environment; the thermal management system includes a first refrigeration mechanism, under which the first flow channel of the compressor, the first heat exchange The first flow regulating device and the second heat exchanger communicate with each other to form a refrigerant circuit, and the outlet of the first flow regulating device is communicated with the inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the first flow The regulating device is in a throttled state; the thermal management system is capable of performing the cooling mechanism and the first refrigeration mechanism simultaneously.
  • the thermal management system of the present application can simultaneously perform the first refrigeration mechanism and the cooling mechanism, and can simultaneously realize thermal management of the passenger compartment and the compressor.
  • the circulating flow of the cooling liquid brings the residual heat of the compressor to the third heat exchanger, and the third heat exchanger releases heat to the atmospheric environment to reduce the temperature of the cooling liquid.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant at the inlet of the compression component of the compressor is lower, and the concentration of the compressed refrigerant is higher, which can improve the compression efficiency of the compressor, thereby improving the working efficiency of the compressor.
  • Fig. 1 is the connection schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of a second embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the first heating mode of the second embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the second heating mode of the second embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the third heating mode of the second embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the first cooling mode of the second embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the second cooling mode of the second embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic connection diagram of a third embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic connection diagram of a fourth embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic connection diagram of the fifth embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic connection diagram of the sixth embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic connection diagram of a seventh embodiment of the thermal management system of the present application.
  • thermal management system of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All the thermal management systems provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electric vehicles. Features in the embodiments and implementations described below can complement each other or be combined with each other without conflict.
  • the thermal management system of the present application can be applied to vehicles, ships, etc. that have relatively closed spaces and need thermal management.
  • the thermal management system of the present application can be applied to electric vehicles.
  • the following embodiments are described by taking the application to a vehicle as an example.
  • the thermal management system includes a compressor 1 , a first heat exchanger 2 , and a second heat exchanger 101 , the third heat exchanger 14 , the fourth heat exchanger 9 , the fifth heat exchanger 6 , the first flow regulating device 3 , the second flow regulating device 5 , and the first pump 13 .
  • the compressor 1 of the present application includes a first flow channel (not shown in the figure) through which the refrigerant can flow and a second flow channel (not shown in the figure) through which the cooling liquid can flow, and the first flow channel and the second flow channel are not communicated with each other. , when the thermal management system is running, the compressor 1 will generate heat, and the cooling liquid in the second flow passage of the compressor 1 can be used to cool the compressor 1 .
  • the compressor 1 includes a compression assembly and a drive assembly
  • the compression assembly is used to compress the refrigerant into a high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant
  • the drive assembly provides power for the compression assembly to compress the refrigerant
  • the second flow of the compressor 1 The channel can be used to cool the drive assembly, which optionally includes a motor and electronic controls. Using the cooling liquid to cool the drive assembly can improve the problem in the related art that the use of refrigerant to cool the drive assembly increases the temperature of the refrigerant at the inlet of the compression assembly, resulting in a higher discharge temperature of the compressor 1 .
  • the drive assembly of the compressor 1 has a cooling liquid flow channel (second flow channel), which is used for cooling the drive assembly when the cooling liquid flows in the flow channel.
  • the first The flow direction of the cooling liquid in the second flow channel is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant in the first flow channel, which can reduce the temperature of the refrigerant at the inlet of the compression assembly, so that the density of the refrigerant entering the inlet of the compression assembly is relatively high. More refrigerant is compressed in the second action, so that the working efficiency of the compressor can be improved.
  • the thermal management system has a first refrigerating mechanism and a second refrigerating mechanism, the first refrigerating mechanism can realize the cooling of the passenger compartment, and the second refrigerating mechanism can realize the cooling of the compressor 1 . At the same time, the thermal management system can perform the first refrigeration mechanism and the second refrigeration mechanism simultaneously.
  • the first flow channel of the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the first flow regulating device 3, the second heat exchanger 101, and the first flow channel of the compressor 1 are connected in sequence to form refrigerant circuit.
  • the first flow channel of the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the second flow regulating device 5, the fifth heat exchanger 6, and the first flow channel of the compressor 1 are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit,
  • the first pump 13 , the second flow channel of the compressor 1 and the second heat exchanger 6 communicate with each other to form a cooling liquid circuit.
  • the sequential connection only describes the sequential relationship of the connections between the various devices, and other devices, such as stop valves, may also be included between the various devices.
  • the type of the cooling liquid of the present application can be selected as required, for example, the cooling liquid can be water, oil and other substances capable of heat exchange, or a mixed liquid of water and ethylene glycol, or other mixed liquids capable of heat exchange.
  • the type of the refrigerant of the present application may be selected as required, for example, the refrigerant may be one of R134a, R744 and R134yf.
  • the first heat exchanger 2 is used as a condenser
  • the second heat exchanger 101 is used as an evaporator.
  • the compressor 1 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with the air flow in the atmosphere in the first heat exchanger 2, and the refrigerant releases heat and releases heat.
  • the heat of the refrigerant is brought into the atmosphere by the air flow, and the refrigerant undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid or gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flows out of the first heat exchanger 2, and is throttled by the second flow regulating device 3, and the temperature and pressure are reduced to become a low temperature and low pressure refrigerant.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 101, absorbs the heat of the surrounding air in the second heat exchanger 101, and reduces the temperature of the air around the second heat exchanger 101. Under the action of the air flow, the cold air It enters the grille air duct (not shown in the figure) and is sent into the compartment to reduce the temperature of the compartment and realize the function of cooling the compartment.
  • the refrigerant undergoes a phase change and most of it evaporates into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows back into the first flow passage of the compressor 1, and circulates in this way.
  • the first heat exchanger 2 acts as a condenser and the fifth heat exchanger 6 acts as an evaporator.
  • the compressor 1 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with the outdoor air flow in the first heat exchanger 2, and the refrigerant releases heat, and the released The heat is carried to the external ambient air by the air flow, and the refrigerant undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid or gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flows out of the first heat exchanger 2 and enters the second flow regulating device 5 for throttling.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant enters the fifth heat exchanger 6, where the refrigerant exchanges heat with the cooling liquid, the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid, and the low-temperature cooling liquid enters the second flow of the compressor 1.
  • the low-temperature cooling liquid absorbs the heat of the compressor 1, so that the temperature of the compressor 1 is lowered, so as to realize the function of cooling the compressor 1, and the cooling liquid that absorbs the heat of the compressor 1 flows to the fifth heat exchanger 6 for further cooling. Exchange heat with the refrigerant, and so on.
  • the refrigerant undergoes a phase change and most of it evaporates into a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which flows back into the first flow passage of the compressor 1, and circulates in this way. It needs to be understood that the refrigerant and the cooling liquid only exchange heat in the fifth heat exchanger 6 and do not mix, and there is no difference between the flow channel for the refrigerant and the flow channel for the cooling liquid in the fifth heat exchanger 6. Connected.
  • plate heat exchangers or other water-cooled heat exchangers can be selected for the fifth heat exchanger 6, and the types of air-cooled heat exchangers can be selected for the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 101 as required.
  • the application is not limited in this regard.
  • the cooling liquid when the second refrigeration mechanism is running, the cooling liquid is cooled by the refrigerant, and then the compressor 1 is cooled by the cooling liquid.
  • the temperature of the compressor 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing through the second flow passage of the compressor 1 or adjusting the opening degree of the second flow rate adjusting device 5 . more precise control is possible.
  • a gas-liquid separator 7 can be provided at the inlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1, so as to perform gas-liquid separation on the refrigerant before entering the compressor 1, and store the liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separator 7, while the low-temperature refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 7.
  • the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the compressor 1 and is re-compressed to realize the recycling of the refrigerant, which can reduce the possibility of the liquid hammer phenomenon in the compressor 1 .
  • the gas-liquid separator 7 may not be provided.
  • the thermal management system includes an intermediate heat exchanger 8, the intermediate heat exchanger 8 includes a high pressure side and a low pressure side, the high pressure side is connected between the heat exchanger serving as a condenser and the throttling device, and the low pressure side is connected to serve as an evaporator between the heat exchanger of the compressor and the inlet of the first flow passage of the compressor.
  • the intermediate heat exchanger 8 the higher-temperature refrigerant flowing from the condenser and the lower-temperature refrigerant flowing from the evaporator can perform heat exchange.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure side is cooled down again, so that the temperature of the refrigerant after being throttled by the throttling device is lower, so that the cooling effect of the evaporator is better.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the low pressure side increases, which makes the compressor suction port have superheat, which further ensures that the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is in a gaseous state and reduces the phenomenon of liquid hammer.
  • Using the intermediate heat exchanger 8 can improve the cooling effect of the thermal management system.
  • the structure of the thermal management system will be further described by assuming that the gas-liquid separator 7 is not provided at the inlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 .
  • the first flow regulating device 3 and the second flow regulating device 5 can play the role of throttling, depressurizing and blocking in the thermal management system, and can include a throttle valve, a common thermal expansion valve or an electronic expansion valve.
  • the first flow regulating device 3 is connected in series between the first heat exchanger 2 and the second heat exchanger 101
  • the second flow regulating device 5 is connected in series between the first heat exchanger 2 and the fifth heat exchanger 101. between heat exchangers 6.
  • the first flow regulating device 3 is arranged near the second heat exchanger 101
  • the second flow regulating device 5 is arranged near the fifth heat exchanger 6 .
  • the thermal management system includes a cooling mechanism. Under the cooling mechanism, the first pump 13 , the third heat exchanger 14 , the second flow channel of the compressor 1 , and the first pump 13 are connected in sequence to form a cooling liquid circuit.
  • the third heat exchanger 14 is a low temperature water tank, and the third heat exchanger 14 can perform heat exchange with the outdoor environment.
  • the heat of the compressor 1 is brought to the third heat exchanger 14 and released into the air through the circulating flow of the cooling liquid, so as to realize the cooling of the compressor 1 .
  • the thermal management system can perform the first refrigeration mechanism and the cooling mechanism at the same time, realize the cooling of the cabin through the refrigerant circuit and the cooling of the compressor 1 through the cooling liquid circuit, and the circulating flow of the cooling liquid circuit can make the compressor 1 work at a more suitable At a suitable temperature, the working efficiency of the compressor 1 is higher, so that the cooling effect of the cabin is better.
  • the cooling capacity at the fifth heat exchanger 6 is higher than the cooling capacity of the third heat exchanger 14, when the second cooling mechanism and the cooling mechanism are performed at the same time, the third heat exchanger 14 may absorb heat from the air, not It is beneficial to the cooling effect of the compressor 1.
  • the second refrigeration mechanism is implemented, the third heat exchanger 14 needs to be bypassed, and the refrigeration capacity of the fifth heat exchanger 6 is fully utilized to save energy.
  • the thermal management system may further include a device to be cooled, a second pump 11 and a first valve 15 .
  • the device to be cooled includes a motor heat exchange assembly 12 and a battery heat exchange assembly 10 .
  • the battery heat exchange assembly 10 can exchange heat with the battery assembly, and the battery assembly supplies power to the electrical equipment of the vehicle.
  • the motor heat exchange assembly 12 can exchange heat with the motor assembly, and the motor assembly provides power for power equipment such as wheels of an automobile.
  • the third heat exchanger 14 , the first pump 13 , the second pump 11 , the first valve 15 , the motor heat exchange assembly 12 , the battery heat exchange assembly 10 and the second flow of the compressor 1 The channel constitutes the coolant system.
  • the cooling liquid system includes a first flow path a, a second flow path b, a third flow path c, a fourth flow path d and a fifth flow path e, wherein the battery heat exchange assembly 10 , the second heat exchanger 6 and the second flow path e
  • the pump 11 is installed in the first flow path a
  • the motor heat exchange assembly 12 and the first pump 13 are installed in the second flow path b
  • the third heat exchanger 14 is installed in the third flow path c
  • the second flow path of the compressor 1 is connected
  • the fourth flow path d is a bypass line
  • the third flow path c and the fourth flow path d are connected in parallel.
  • the first valve 15 includes a first interface 151 , a second interface 152 , a third interface 153 and a fourth interface 154 .
  • the first valve 15 has a first working state and a second working state. In the working state, the first interface 151 communicates with the second interface 152, and the third interface 153 communicates with the fourth interface 154; in the second working state, the first interface 151 communicates with the fourth interface 154, and the second interface 152 It communicates with the third interface 153 .
  • one end of the first flow path a is communicated with the first port 151 , and the other end is communicated with the second port 152 .
  • One end of the second flow path b is communicated with the third interface 153 , and the other end may be communicated with one end of the third flow path c and/or one end of the fourth flow path d.
  • the other end of the third flow path c and the other end of the fourth flow path d may communicate with one end of the fifth flow path e or communicate with the fourth port 154 , and the other end of the fifth flow path e communicates with the fourth port 154 .
  • the first flow path a when the first valve 15 is in the first working state, the first flow path a can form a loop by itself, and the battery assembly can be cooled through the fifth heat exchanger 6 , the second flow path b, the third flow path c, The fifth flow path e can be connected in series through the first valve 15 to form a loop, and the heat of the motor assembly and the compressor 1 can be released to the outdoors through the third heat exchanger 14 .
  • the second flow path b and the third flow path c can also be connected in series through the first valve 15 to form a loop, and the heat of the motor assembly can be released to the outdoor through the third heat exchanger 14 .
  • the second flow path b and the fourth flow path d can also be connected in series to form a loop through the first valve 15, or the second flow path b and the fourth flow path d can be connected in series
  • the flow path d and the fifth flow path e are connected in series through the first valve 15 to form a circuit.
  • the first pump 13 may not be turned on.
  • the first flow path a, the second flow path b and the third flow path c can be connected in series to form a loop through the first valve 15 .
  • the second flow regulating device 5 In the off state, the heat of the motor assembly and the battery assembly can be released to the outside through the third heat exchanger 14 . It is also possible that the first flow path a, the second flow path b and the fourth flow path d are connected in series through the first valve 15 to form a loop.
  • the second flow regulating device 5 is in a throttled state and can be cooled by the fifth heat exchanger 6 Motor components and battery components.
  • first flow path a, the second flow path b, the third flow path c and the fifth flow path e are connected in series through the first valve 15 to form a loop.
  • the heat exchanger 14 releases the heat of the compressor 1, the motor assembly and the battery assembly to the outside.
  • first flow path a, the second flow path b, the fourth flow path d and the fifth flow path e are connected in series through the first valve 15 to form a circuit.
  • the heat exchanger 6 cools the motor assembly, the battery assembly and the compressor 1 .
  • the connection method of the cooling liquid circuit can be adjusted, and the waste heat of the compressor, the waste heat of the motor components, and the waste heat of the battery components can be reasonably used, or the compressor, motor components and battery components can be dissipated in different ways, so that the The thermal management system is more energy efficient, the heat exchange effect is better, and the battery life is better.
  • the first valve 15 is in the first working state, and when the first flow path a itself forms a loop, when the battery assembly does not need to be cooled, the second flow regulating device 5 can be turned off.
  • the thermal management system further includes a second valve 16, the second valve 16 includes a fifth port 161, a sixth port 162 and a seventh port 163, the fifth port 161 communicates with one end of the second flow path b, and the sixth port 162 communicates with the first port 162.
  • One end of the third flow path c is communicated with, and the seventh port 163 is communicated with one end of the fourth flow path d.
  • the second flow path b can be controlled to communicate with the third flow path c and/or with the fourth flow path d by means of the second valve 16 .
  • the thermal management system further includes a third valve 17.
  • the third valve 17 includes an eighth port 171, a ninth port 172 and a tenth port 173.
  • the eighth port 171 communicates with one end of the fifth flow path e and the fourth port 154.
  • the ninth port 172 communicates with the other end of the fifth flow path e, and the tenth port 173 communicates with the other end of the third flow path c and the other end of the fourth flow path d.
  • the third valve 17 can control whether the cooling liquid flows through the fifth flow path e, so as to control whether the compressor 1 is cooled by the cooling liquid, and the compressor 1 can be bypassed when the compressor 1 does not need to be cooled.
  • the first pump 13 and the second pump 11 are used to provide power for the flow of the cooling liquid circuit.
  • the first pump 13 and the second pump 11 may be electronic water pumps.
  • the second valve 16 and the third valve 17 can be selected from a three-way water valve, a three-way proportional valve or a combination of valve components. When the second valve 16 and the third valve 17 are three-way proportional valves, the Coolant flow.
  • the first valve 15 can be selected from a four-way water valve or a combination of valve components, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first pump 13 may not be provided in the second flow path b, but the first pump 13 may communicate with the second flow path b and/or the fifth flow path e, the second flow path
  • the path b and the third flow path c are arranged in series
  • the fifth flow path e is arranged in parallel with the flow path after the second flow path b and the third flow path c are connected in series
  • the fifth flow path e can be independently connected with the fifth heat exchanger 6
  • a loop is formed in series
  • the second flow path b and the third flow path c in series can also be connected in series with the fifth heat exchanger 6 to form a loop
  • the first flow path a can also be formed in series with the fifth heat exchanger 6 alone. loop.
  • the fifth heat exchanger 6 can be selectively communicated with at least one of the three branches, and the thermal management of the compressor 1 , the motor assembly and the battery assembly can be flexibly realized without interfering with each other.
  • the battery heat exchange assembly 10 , the second flow channel of the compressor 1 , and the fifth heat exchanger 6 can also be connected in series to form a circuit, and the battery assembly and the compressor 1 can be realized simultaneously through the fifth heat exchanger 6 . of cooling.
  • the motor heat exchange assembly 12 , the second flow channel of the compressor 1 , and the fifth heat exchanger 6 can also be connected in series to form a loop, and the fifth heat exchanger 6 can simultaneously realize the motor assembly and the compressor 1 . of cooling.
  • the third heat exchanger 14 , the second flow channel of the compressor 1 , and the fifth heat exchanger 6 may also be connected in series, and compression can be achieved simultaneously through the fifth heat exchanger 6 and the third heat exchanger 14 Cooling of machine 1.
  • the thermal management system further includes a fourth heat exchanger 9, and the fourth heat exchanger 9 includes a first heat exchange part 91 that can circulate a refrigerant and a second heat exchange part 92 that can circulate a cooling liquid.
  • the first heat exchange part 91 and The second heat exchange part 92 can perform heat exchange, the first heat exchange part 91 is connected between the compressor 1 and the first heat exchanger 2, and the second heat exchange part 92 is connected to the motor heat exchange assembly 12 and the third heat exchange between the devices 14.
  • the first pump 13 , the second heat exchange part 92 , the third heat exchanger 14 , the second flow channel of the compressor 1 , and the first pump 13 are connected in sequence to form a cooling liquid circuit.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 first flows through the first heat exchange part 91, and in the fourth heat exchanger 9, the cooling liquid first takes away part of the heat of the refrigerant, and then The refrigerant flows into the first heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange with the outdoor air flow, and the refrigerant after being cooled twice has a lower temperature after being throttled by the first flow regulating device 3, so that the second heat exchanger 101 can absorb More heat to achieve better cooling effect and improve the cooling capacity of the thermal management system.
  • the cooling liquid flowing through the second heat exchange part 92 needs to pass through the third heat exchanger 14 for heat dissipation, and then flow through the second flow channel of the compressor 1, so as to ensure that the cooling liquid can be effectively compressed.
  • Machine 1 cools down.
  • the fourth heat exchanger 9 can be selected from a plate heat exchanger or other water-cooled heat exchangers, and the third heat exchanger 14 can be selected as an air-cooled heat exchanger according to needs, which is not limited in this application.
  • the fifth heat exchanger 6 includes a third heat exchange part 61 and a fourth heat exchange part 62 , the flow channel of the third heat exchange part 61 is used for circulating refrigerant, and the third heat exchange part 61 is connected to the refrigeration
  • the flow channel of the fourth heat exchange part 62 is used to circulate the cooling liquid
  • the fourth heat exchange part 62 is connected to the cooling liquid circuit
  • the third heat exchange part 61 is not communicated with the fourth heat exchange part 62
  • the third heat exchange part 62 is not connected to the coolant circuit.
  • the part 61 and the fourth heat exchange part 62 can exchange heat.
  • the thermal management system of the first embodiment is a cooling-only air-conditioning system, which can only cool the cabin and cool the cooling liquid by using the refrigerant.
  • the present application also provides other embodiments of thermal management systems, such as the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh embodiments of thermal management systems, utilizing refrigeration
  • the agent can not only cool the cabin, but also heat the cabin, and can also heat the coolant, but only one of the functions of cooling the cabin and heating the cabin can be achieved at the same time.
  • the present application also provides a second embodiment of the thermal management system.
  • the structure of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the thermal management system further includes a fluid switching device 4 .
  • the fluid switching device 4 can control the outlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 to communicate with the first heat exchanger 2 or communicate with the second heat exchanger 101, and the fluid switching device 4 can switch the flow direction of the refrigerant in the thermal management system.
  • the thermal management system further includes a first heating mechanism, and the first heating mechanism can achieve heating for the passenger compartment.
  • the first heating mechanism under the first heating mechanism, the first flow channel of the compressor 1, the second heat exchanger 101, the first flow regulating device 3, the first heat exchanger 2, and the first flow channel of the compressor 1 are connected in sequence to form refrigerant circuit.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant first flows through the second heat exchanger 101, and the second heat exchanger 101 releases heat, which increases the temperature of the air around the second heat exchanger 101.
  • the hot air enters the grid
  • the grille air duct (not marked in the figure) is sent into the car to increase the temperature of the car and realize the heating function.
  • the fluid switching device 4 has two working modes.
  • one working mode referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the thermal management system can perform the first refrigeration mechanism, and the outlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 is connected to the first switching mode.
  • One end of the heat exchanger 2 is communicated with, the other end of the first heat exchanger 2 is communicated with one end of the first flow regulating device 3, the other end of the first flow regulating device 3 is communicated with one end of the second heat exchanger 101, and the second The other end of the heat exchanger 101 is communicated with the inlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1, and the second heat exchanger 101 absorbs the heat of the air flow in the passenger compartment.
  • the thermal management system can cool the passenger compartment.
  • the thermal management system can perform the first heating mechanism, the outlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 communicates with one end of the second heat exchanger 101 , and the second heat exchange
  • the other end of the heat exchanger 101 communicates with one end of the first flow regulating device 3, the other end of the first flow regulating device 3 communicates with one end of the first heat exchanger 2, and the other end of the first heat exchanger 2 communicates with the compressor 1.
  • the inlets of the second flow passages are connected, and the second heat exchanger 101 heats the air flow in the passenger compartment.
  • the thermal management system can achieve heating for the passenger compartment.
  • the first flow regulating device 3 has a bidirectional throttling function and a cutoff function.
  • the thermal management system can only perform one of the first heating mechanism and the first cooling mechanism.
  • the branch where the second flow regulating device 5 and the fifth heat exchanger 6 are located is arranged in parallel with the branch where the first flow regulating device 3 and the second heat exchanger 101 are located, so when the thermal management system executes the first During a heating mechanism, if the second flow regulating device 5 is turned on, the refrigerant in the fifth heat exchanger 6 will release heat to the cooling liquid. Therefore, the first valve 15 can be in the first working state, the fifth heat exchanger 6 is not communicated with the second flow channel of the compressor 1, or the second flow regulating device can be set. 5 is turned off, and no heat exchange occurs in the fifth heat exchanger 6 .
  • the second flow regulating device 5 may also have a bidirectional throttling function and a blocking function.
  • the thermal management system executes the first heating mechanism
  • the first valve 15 is in the first working state
  • the second flow regulating device 5 is in the throttling state
  • the battery assembly can be heated through the fifth heat exchanger 6, and at the same time, the The heat of the compressor 1 and the motor assembly is released through the third heat exchanger 14, so that the cooling of the compressor 1 and the motor assembly is achieved while heating the passenger compartment and the battery assembly.
  • the third heat exchanger 14 may communicate with at least one of the second flow channel of the compressor 1, the motor heat exchange assembly 14, and the battery heat exchange assembly 10, and the third The heat exchanger 14 can be arranged in parallel with the first heat exchanger 2 , and the third heat exchanger 14 is arranged on the windward side of the first heat exchanger 2 , and the first heat exchanger 2 can absorb the heat of the third heat exchanger 14 , so as to improve the heating effect of the thermal management system. Specifically, the ambient air first flows through the third heat exchanger 14 to be heated, and then the heated air flows through the first heat exchanger 2, and the heat in the air is absorbed by the first heat exchanger 2 and passes through the first heat exchanger 2. 2.
  • the cooling liquid such as the waste heat of the compressor 1, the waste heat of the motor components, and the waste heat of the battery components.
  • the ambient temperature is low, there is a risk of frost formation in the first heat exchanger 2. Since the air flow passing through the third heat exchanger 14 is heated, the heated air flow flows through the first heat exchanger. 2. The purpose of delaying the frost formation of the first heat exchanger 2 or realizing the purpose of defrosting the first heat exchanger 2 can be realized. It can be understood that when the heat of the compressor 1 is used to defrost the first heat exchanger 2 insufficiently, the battery heat exchange assembly 10 and/or the motor heat exchange assembly 12 can be connected to the cooling liquid circuit, and the thermal management system can be used. The waste heat in the heat exchanger defrosts the first heat exchanger 2 to achieve the purpose of energy saving, thereby improving the cruising ability of the vehicle.
  • the branch where the first flow regulating device 3 and the second heat exchanger 101 are located may be connected in series with the auxiliary heat exchanger 102 and the auxiliary flow regulating device 103 , and the auxiliary flow regulating device 103 is connected to the second heat exchanger 101 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 102.
  • the auxiliary flow regulating device 103 has a conduction function and a throttling function.
  • the auxiliary flow regulating device 103 can be in a conducting state, passing through the second heat exchanger 101 and the auxiliary heat exchanger 102 heats the air flow in the cabin at the same time to achieve better heating effect; or, the refrigerant flow direction of the thermal management system is the same as the refrigerant flow direction under the first refrigeration mechanism, but the auxiliary flow regulating device 103 is in a throttling state,
  • the air flow in the passenger compartment is dehumidified by the second heat exchanger 101 , and the dehumidified air flow is heated by the auxiliary heat exchanger 102 to achieve the effect of heating and dehumidification.
  • connection manner of the cooling liquid system and the refrigerant circuit of the thermal management system of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the thermal management system of this embodiment includes a compressor 1 , a first heat exchanger 206 , a first flow regulating device 204 , a second heat exchanger 202 , a first heat exchanger 206 , a The three heat exchangers 14 , the battery heat exchange assembly 10 , the motor heat exchange assembly 12 , the first pump 13 and the first pump 11 .
  • the thermal management system further includes a fluid switching device 4 , The third flow regulating device 205 , the fourth flow regulating device 18 , the sixth heat exchanger 203 , the seventh heat exchanger 19 and the heater core 201 .
  • the outlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 is communicated with the inlet of the sixth heat exchanger 203, and the fluid switching device 4 is used to switch the outlet of the sixth heat exchanger 203 to communicate with the first heat exchanger 206, or It communicates with the fourth flow adjustment device 18 , the third flow adjustment device 205 and the first flow adjustment device 204 .
  • the heater core 201 and the second heat exchanger 202 are air-cooled heat exchangers, which can directly exchange heat with the air in the cabin.
  • the sixth heat exchanger 203 and the seventh heat exchanger 19 are dual-flow heat exchangers, which can be used for heat exchange between refrigerant and cooling liquid.
  • the seventh heat exchanger 19 includes a fifth heat exchange part 191 and a sixth heat exchange part 192 capable of heat exchange.
  • the fifth heat exchange part 191 is connected to the refrigerant circuit and can be used for circulating refrigerant
  • the sixth heat exchange part 192 is connected to the refrigerant circuit.
  • the coolant circuit can be used to circulate coolant.
  • the thermal management system further includes a second heating mechanism. Under the second heating mechanism, the first flow channel of the compressor 1, the sixth heat exchanger 203, the third flow regulating device 205, the first heat exchanger 206, the compressor The first flow passages of 1 are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit, and the cooling liquid flow passages of the sixth heat exchanger 203 are communicated with the heater core 201 to form a cooling liquid circuit.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 flows into the sixth heat exchanger 203 .
  • the refrigerant transfers heat to the cooling liquid
  • the cooling liquid after absorbing heat in 203 flows to the heater core 201, the heater core 201 exchanges heat with the air flow in the passenger compartment, the heater core 201 warms the surrounding air, and the heated air flow blows into the passenger compartment, Realize the heating of the cabin.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the sixth heat exchanger 203 is throttled by the third flow regulating device 205, it enters the first heat exchanger 206 to exchange heat with the outdoor air flow, absorbs the temperature of the ambient air, and returns to the compressor 1.
  • the third heat exchanger 14 may communicate with at least one of the first flow channel of the compressor 1 , the motor heat exchange assembly 14 , and the battery heat exchange assembly 10 , and cooling is achieved through the third heat exchanger 14 function.
  • the first heat exchanger 206 can absorb the heat of the third heat exchanger 14, or use the third heat exchanger 14 to delay frosting of the first heat exchanger 206, or use the third heat exchanger 14
  • the heat exchanger 2 defrosts the first heat exchanger 206, recycles the waste heat of the cooling liquid circuit, makes full use of the waste heat in the thermal management system, plays an energy saving role, and improves the battery life.
  • the third flow regulating device 205 is arranged near the first heat exchanger 206
  • the first flow regulating device 204 is arranged near the second heat exchanger 202
  • the fourth flow regulating device 18 is arranged near the seventh heat exchanger 19
  • the thermal management system further includes a third refrigeration mechanism. Under the third refrigeration mechanism, the first flow channel of the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 206, the fourth flow regulating device 18, the fifth heat exchange part 191, the The first flow passages are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit, the first pump 13 , the sixth heat exchange part 192 , the second flow passage of the compressor 1 , and the first pump 13 are connected to form a cooling liquid circuit, in the seventh heat exchanger 19
  • the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid, reduces the temperature of the cooling liquid, and realizes the cooling function of the compressor 1.
  • the motor heat exchange assembly 12 and the battery heat exchange assembly 10 can also be connected into the cooling liquid circuit to realize the cooling of the battery assembly and the motor assembly. . It can be understood that the thermal management system can only perform one of the second heating mechanism and the third cooling mechanism at the same time.
  • the thermal management system also includes a waste heat recovery mechanism. Under the waste heat recovery mechanism, the first flow passage of the compressor 1, the sixth heat exchanger 203, the fourth flow regulating device 18, the fifth heat exchange part 191, and the first flow of the compressor 1
  • the channels are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit, wherein the sixth heat exchanger 203 is used as a condenser, the fifth heat exchange part 191 is used as an evaporator, the sixth heat exchanger 203 is used to heat the cabin, and the seventh heat exchange
  • the device 19 realizes the waste heat recovery of the cooling liquid circuit.
  • the thermal management system also includes a first heating and dehumidification mechanism.
  • the first flow passages of the compressor 1 are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit, wherein the sixth heat exchanger 203 is used as a condenser, the second heat exchanger 202 is used as an evaporator, the second heat exchanger 202 and the heater core 201
  • the second heat exchanger 202 is provided on the windward side of the heater core 201 to directly exchange heat with the air flow in the passenger compartment.
  • the air with higher moisture content in the cabin first flows through the second heat exchanger 202 with lower temperature, the moisture in the air condenses into water after cooling, and the dehumidified air flows through the heater core 201 to be heated , the heated air flow is blown into the passenger compartment to achieve the function of heating and dehumidification.
  • the thermal management system can execute at least one of the second heating mechanism, the first heating and dehumidifying mechanism, and the waste heat recovery mechanism at the same time.
  • the thermal management system executes the second heating mechanism and the waste heat recovery mechanism at the same time, the heat of the ambient air and/or the coolant circuit can be recovered while heating the cabin, so as to realize the function of waste heat recovery and make full use of the heat in the environment , and absorb heat from the first heat exchanger 206 and the seventh heat exchanger 19 at the same time, so that the sixth heat exchanger 203 can release more sufficient heat, so that the thermal management system has a better heating effect, and can also achieve energy saving. Purpose.
  • the thermal management system executes the second heating mechanism and the first heating and dehumidifying mechanism at the same time, it absorbs heat from the first heat exchanger 206 and the second heat exchanger 202 at the same time, and makes reasonable use of the temperature of the ambient air to ensure the sixth heat exchanger.
  • the heating effect of the heater 203 is stable, so that the thermal management system has a better heating and dehumidifying effect.
  • the thermal management system When the thermal management system performs the waste heat recovery mechanism and the first heating and dehumidification mechanism at the same time, it absorbs heat from the seventh heat exchanger 19 and the second heat exchanger 202 at the same time, and recycles the heat of the cooling liquid circuit, which can ensure the sixth heat exchanger.
  • the heating effect of the heater 203 is stable, so that the thermal management system has a better heating and dehumidifying effect, and can also achieve the purpose of energy saving.
  • the thermal management system can also perform the second heating mechanism, the first heating and dehumidification mechanism and the waste heat recovery mechanism at the same time, which can not only realize the heating and dehumidification function, but also realize the heat recovery of the cooling liquid circuit, and can also use the free
  • the heat of the ambient air can not only ensure the stable heating effect of the sixth heat exchanger 203, but also achieve the purpose of energy saving.
  • the fourth flow path d is not provided, and one end of the second flow path b communicates with the seventh heat exchanger 19 or with the third heat exchanger 14 through a valve, and the second flow path The other end of b is communicated with the fifth flow path e or the other end of the third heat exchanger 14, and the fifth flow path e is selected by a valve member whether to connect to the flow formed by the second flow path b and the third heat exchanger 14 in series.
  • the first flow path a is arranged in parallel with the flow path formed by the second flow path b and the third heat exchanger 14 in series.
  • the above-mentioned valve member can be a three-way valve or a three-way proportional valve, which is not limited in this application.
  • connection structure between some components of the thermal management system and the operation mode of the first refrigeration mechanism in this embodiment are similar to those in the first embodiment. Reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present application also provides a fourth embodiment of the thermal management system.
  • this embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, except that the sixth heat exchanger 203 is an air-cooled heat exchanger, and the sixth heat exchanger 203 directly exchanges heat with the air flow of the cabin.
  • the sixth heat exchanger 203 directly exchanges heat with the air flow in the passenger compartment, the air around the sixth heat exchanger 203 is heated up, and the heated air flow is blown into the passenger compartment , to achieve the heating of the cabin.
  • the connection structure between the components of the thermal management system in this embodiment and the operation mode of each mechanism are basically the same as those in the third embodiment. Reference may be made to the description of the third embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present application also provides a fifth embodiment of the thermal management system.
  • this embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, except that the cooling liquid circuit has three parallel branches, and one branch is provided with a compression circuit.
  • one branch is provided with a motor heat exchange assembly 12 and a third heat exchanger 14, and one branch is provided with a battery heat exchange assembly 10, and all three branches can be respectively connected with the seventh heat exchanger.
  • the sixth heat exchange parts 192 of 19 are connected in series to form a loop.
  • the seventh heat exchanger 19 can either exchange heat with the components on each branch independently, or the seventh heat exchanger 19 can exchange heat with the components on at least two branches at the same time, so that the heat exchange methods of the cooling liquid circuit are richer.
  • the connection structure between the components of the thermal management system in this embodiment and the operation mode of each mechanism are basically the same as those in the third embodiment. Reference may be made to the description of the third embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the thermal management system in this embodiment includes a compressor 1 , a first heat exchanger 307 , a first flow regulating device 22 , and a second heat exchanger 22 , the third heat exchanger 14, the battery heat exchange assembly 10, the motor heat exchange assembly 12, the first pump 13, the second pump 11 and the first valve 15.
  • the thermal management system also Including the fifth flow regulating device 306, the eighth heat exchanger 303, the ninth heat exchanger 305, and the tenth heat exchanger 301, in the refrigerant circuit, the first flow passage of the compressor 1, the ninth heat exchanger 305, the first
  • the five flow regulating devices 306, the first heat exchanger 307, the first flow regulating device 21, and the second heat exchanger 22 are connected in sequence, and the fifth flow regulating device 306 and the first flow regulating device 21 have a conduction function and a throttling function .
  • the ninth heat exchanger 305 and the first heat exchanger 307 are used as a condenser, and the second heat exchanger 22 is used as an evaporator.
  • the ninth heat exchanger 305 is used as a condenser, and the second heat exchanger 22 and the first heat exchanger 307 are used as an evaporator.
  • the ninth heat exchanger 305 and the second heat exchanger 22 are both dual-channel heat exchangers, and the second heat exchanger 22 includes a seventh heat exchange part 221 and an eighth heat exchange part capable of heat exchange 222, the seventh heat exchange part 221 is connected to the refrigerant circuit and can be used for circulating the refrigerant, and the eighth heat exchange part 222 is connected to the cooling liquid circuit and can be used for circulating the cooling liquid.
  • the eighth heat exchanger 303 and the tenth heat exchanger 301 are both air-cooled heat exchangers, which can directly exchange heat with the air in the cabin.
  • the eighth heat exchanger 303 may communicate with the eighth heat exchange part 222 to form a cooling liquid circuit
  • the tenth heat exchanger 301 may communicate with the cooling liquid flow channel of the ninth heat exchanger 305 to form a cooling liquid circuit.
  • the first flow passages of the compressor 1 are connected in sequence to form a loop
  • the first flow regulating device 21 is in a throttling state
  • the fifth flow regulating device 306 is in a conducting state
  • the second heat exchanger 22 is communicated with the eighth heat exchanger 303 to form a loop
  • the circuit formed by the communication between the second heat exchanger 22 and the eighth heat exchanger 303 is a cooling liquid circuit.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the first flow passage of the compressor 1 flows through the ninth heat exchanger 305 and the fifth flow regulating device 306, but does not exchange heat in the ninth heat exchanger 305, and then flows into the ninth heat exchanger 305 and the fifth flow regulating device 306.
  • a heat exchanger 307 exchanges heat with ambient air in the first heat exchanger 307, the temperature of the refrigerant decreases, after being throttled by the first flow regulating device 21, it flows into the seventh heat exchange part 221, and in the second
  • the refrigerant in the heat exchanger 22 absorbs the heat of the cooling liquid.
  • the cooled cooling liquid enters the eighth heat exchanger 303, the eighth heat exchanger 303 exchanges heat with the air flow in the cabin, and the low-temperature air flow is blown into the cabin to achieve the purpose of cooling the cabin, and the cooling liquid that absorbs the air heat in the cabin returns to the cabin. It flows into the eighth heat exchange part 222 to exchange heat again, and the cycle is repeated.
  • the refrigerant flows into the inlet of the first flow passage of the compressor 1, and circulates in this way.
  • the thermal management system includes a fourth refrigeration mechanism.
  • the first flow regulating device 21, the second heat exchanger 22, and the first flow passages of the compressor 1 are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit, and at least one of the first flow regulating device 21 and the fifth flow regulating device 306 is in a throttled state,
  • the first pump 13 , the second flow passage of the compressor 1 and the eighth heat exchange part 222 communicate with each other to form a cooling liquid circuit.
  • the refrigerant circuit may also have other connection modes, and the specific connection mode can refer to the first embodiment.
  • the thermal management system can perform the first refrigeration mechanism and the fourth refrigeration mechanism at the same time, realize the waste heat recovery of the cooling liquid circuit while realizing the cabin cooling, and use one heat exchanger (ie, the second heat exchanger 22) to absorb the cabin and cool the cabin at the same time.
  • the heat of the liquid circuit makes the structure of the thermal management system simple and can also reduce the cost.
  • the thermal management system further includes a third heating mechanism. Under the third heating mechanism, the first flow channel of the compressor 1, the ninth heat exchanger 305, the fifth flow regulating device 306, the first heat exchange The refrigerant circuit 307, the first flow adjustment device 21, the second heat exchanger 22, and the first flow passage of the compressor 1 are connected in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit, and at least one of the first flow adjustment device 21 and the fifth flow adjustment device 306
  • the tenth heat exchanger 301 communicates with the cooling liquid channel of the ninth heat exchanger 305 to form a circuit, and the refrigerant can exchange heat with the cooling liquid in the ninth heat exchanger 305 .
  • the eighth heat exchanger 303 does not exchange heat with the air flow of the passenger compartment.
  • the refrigerant transfers heat to the cooling liquid, and the heated cooling liquid flows into the tenth heat exchanger 301, and the tenth heat exchanger 301 makes the passenger compartment
  • the heated air is blown into the cabin to achieve the function of heating the cabin, and the cooled cooling liquid flows back into the ninth heat exchanger 305 to be heated again, and so on.
  • the fifth flow regulating device 306 can be in a throttling state, the first flow regulating device 21 is in a conducting state, the ninth heat exchanger 305 is used as a condenser, and the first heat exchanger 307 and The second heat exchanger 22 is used as an evaporator; it can also be that the fifth flow regulating device 306 is in a conducting state, the first flow regulating device 21 is in a throttling state, and the ninth heat exchanger 305 and the first heat exchanger 307 are used for As a condenser, the second heat exchanger 22 is used as an evaporator, which can be used to delay the frost formation of the first heat exchanger 307 or to defrost the first heat exchanger 307 .
  • the third heat exchanger 14 may communicate with at least one of the first flow channel of the compressor 1, the motor heat exchange assembly 14, and the battery heat exchange assembly 10, and the first heat exchanger 307 may absorb the first The heat of the third heat exchanger 14 is recovered by the first heat exchanger 307 to recover the heat of the cooling liquid circuit, or the third heat exchanger 14 is used to delay the frosting of the first heat exchanger 307, or the third heat exchanger 14 is used to give The first heat exchanger 307 is defrosted, which can achieve the purpose of energy saving.
  • the thermal management system further includes a second heating and dehumidifying mechanism. Under the second heating and dehumidifying mechanism, the air dehumidified by the eighth heat exchanger 303 is heated by the tenth heat exchanger 301 and then blown. into the car to achieve the function of heating and dehumidification.
  • the thermal management system can simultaneously perform at least one of the second heating and dehumidifying mechanism, the third heating mechanism, and the first cooling mechanism.
  • the thermal management system further includes a third pump 302 and a fourth pump 304.
  • the third pump 302 is used to provide power to the cooling liquid circuit formed by the communication between the tenth heat exchanger 301 and the ninth heat exchanger 305.
  • the four pumps 304 are used to provide power to the cooling liquid circuit formed by the communication between the second heat exchanger 22 and the eighth heat exchanger 303 .
  • the third pump 302 and the fourth pump 304 can be selected as electronic water pumps.
  • the connection structure between some components of the thermal management system and the operation mode of the first refrigeration mechanism in this embodiment are similar to those in the first embodiment. Reference may be made to the description of the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present application also provides a seventh embodiment of the thermal management system.
  • this embodiment is basically the same as the sixth embodiment, except that the ninth heat exchanger 305 is an air-cooled heat exchanger, and the ninth heat exchanger 305 directly exchanges heat with the air in the cabin, and a damper is provided on the air inlet side of the ninth heat exchanger 305.
  • the thermal management system executes the fourth refrigeration mechanism, the damper is closed, or the third pump 302 is not turned on, and the ninth heat exchanger 305 is closed. No heat exchange takes place at the heater 305 .
  • the connection structure between the components of the thermal management system in this embodiment and the operation mode of each mechanism are basically the same as those in the sixth embodiment. Reference may be made to the description of the sixth embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the thermal management system of the present application includes an air-conditioning box 100.
  • the heat exchangers that can directly exchange heat with the air flow of the passenger compartment are located in the air-conditioning box 100.
  • the air-conditioning box 100 has an inner circulation state and an outer circulation state. In the internal circulation state, the inlet of the air-conditioning box 100 communicates with the cabin, and the outlet of the air-conditioning box 100 communicates with the cabin, and the air in the cabin undergoes heat exchange in the air-conditioning box 100 before being blown into the cabin. In the external circulation state, the inlet of the air-conditioning box 100 communicates with the atmospheric environment, and the outlet of the air-conditioning box 100 communicates with the passenger compartment. The air in the atmospheric environment is blown into the passenger compartment after heat exchange in the air-conditioning box 100 .
  • connection between two components can be a direct connection or a pipeline connection, and only a pipeline can be provided between the two components, or a valve or other components can also be provided between the two components. part.
  • communication between the two components in this application can be direct communication, or can be achieved through pipelines, and the two components can only be connected by pipelines, or between the two components. After there are valves or other components, it is connected.
  • the present application also provides a control method for a thermal management system.
  • the control method in the present application is applicable to the thermal management systems of all the above embodiments.
  • the thermal management system further includes a control system, which can be used to monitor the working state of the thermal management system. control.
  • the control system includes a controller 200 and a plurality of sensors (not shown in the figure).
  • the controller 200 is electrically connected with the sensors, and the controller 200 can be used to obtain working information obtained by the sensors.
  • Sensors can be used to obtain working information of motor components, battery components, and heat exchange devices.
  • the heat exchange devices are the motor heat exchange assembly 12, the battery heat exchange assembly 10 and a plurality of heat exchangers in all the above embodiments.
  • the working information includes at least one of temperature, humidity and pressure.
  • the sensor may also process the acquired work information.
  • the controller 200 is electrically connected to some components of the thermal management system, for example, the compressor 1, the air conditioning box 100, the fan, the valve device, the pump device, and the sensors.
  • the controller 200 can be used to obtain the working information obtained by the sensor, and can be used to adjust the working state of the compressor 1, the air conditioning box 100, the fan, the valve device and the pump device. At least one of adjustment, component opening adjustment, and component power adjustment.
  • the valve device is a component used to switch the fluid flow direction and a component used to adjust the fluid flow in the thermal management system, for example, the first valve 15 , the fluid switching device 4 , the first flow regulating device 3 , the second flow regulating device 5 , the third flow adjustment device 205 , the fourth flow adjustment device 18 and the fifth flow adjustment device 306 and so on.
  • the pump device is a component in the thermal management system for powering the flow of the cooling liquid, eg, the first pump 11, the second pump 13, the third pump 302, the fourth pump 304, and the like.
  • the controller 200 may be used to execute the control method of the thermal management system.
  • the control method of the thermal management system includes: acquiring the needs of passengers and the working information obtained by the sensors; according to the needs of the passengers and the working information obtained by the sensors, the controller 200 adjusts the working states of the components in the thermal management system, so that the thermal management system
  • the appropriate air-conditioning operating modes are implemented to achieve thermal management of the passenger compartment, motor components, and battery components.
  • the thermal management system further includes an interaction device, the controller 200 is electrically connected with the interaction device, and the controller 200 can obtain passengers' requirements through the interaction device, such as the passenger's required target temperature or the passenger's required air conditioner operating mode.
  • the interactive device may be a control panel of an electric vehicle.
  • the air-conditioning operating modes include cooling mechanism, first cooling mechanism, second cooling mechanism, third cooling mechanism, fourth cooling mechanism, first heating mechanism, second heating mechanism, third heating mechanism, waste heat recovery mechanism, and third heating mechanism.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种热管理系统，压缩机包括用于流通制冷剂的第一流道和用于流通冷却液的第二流道，压缩机的第一流道和压缩机的第二流道不连通。热管理系统能够同时执行第一制冷机制和冷却机制，能够同时实现车厢和压缩机的热管理，其中，在冷却机制中，使冷却液流经压缩机的第二流道，然后通过冷却液的循环流动将压缩机的余热带到第三换热器（14）处，在第三换热器（14）释放热量至大气环境中，使冷却液的温度降低，通过冷却液循环流动给压缩机降温，使压缩机的压缩组件的进口处的制冷剂温度较低，压缩的制冷剂浓度较大，能够提升压缩机的压缩效率，从而提升压缩机的工作效率。

Description

热管理系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年9月30日申请的、申请号为202011069952.0和202011069997.8、发明名称为“热管理系统”的中国发明专利申请的优先权，该专利申请的相关内容以引用的形式并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及热管理技术领域，尤其涉及一种热管理系统。
背景技术
压缩机包括电机组件和压缩组件，压缩组件用于将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒，电机组件为压缩组件压缩制冷剂提供动力，电机组件在工作状态下持续发热，需要降温处理。相关技术中，流入压缩机的制冷剂先流经电机组件，从而给电机组件降温，吸热后的制冷剂进入压缩组件的入口，在压缩组件中被压缩后从压缩组件的出口流出压缩机。进入压缩组件前的制冷剂已经吸收了电机组件的热量，压缩组件的进口处的制冷剂的温度较高，在相同容积下制冷剂的浓度变小，压缩组件每一次压缩的制冷剂的量变少，从而使压缩机的工作效率较低。发明人认为具有改进的需求。
发明内容
鉴于相关技术存在的上述问题，本申请提供了一种能够提高压缩机工作效率的热管理系统。
为了达到上述目的，本申请采用以下技术方案：一种热管理系统，包括：压缩机、第一换热器、第一流量调节装置、第二换热器、第三换热器及第一泵，所述压缩机包括用于流通制冷剂的第一流道和用于流通冷却液的第二流道，所述压缩机的第一流道和所述压缩机的第二流道不连通；
所述压缩机的第二流道能够与所述第三换热器连通，所述压缩机的第一流道能够与所述第一换热器连通，所述第一换热器能够与所述第一流量调节装置连通，所述第一流量调节装置能够与所述第二换热器连通，所述第二换热器能够与所述压缩机的第一流道连通；
所述热管理系统具有冷却机制和第一制冷机制，在所述冷却机制下，所述第一泵、所述压缩机的第二流道及所述第三换热器连通形成为冷却液回路，所述第三换热器与大气环境进行热交换；所述热管理系统包括第一制冷机制，在所述第一制冷机制下，所述压缩机的第一流道、所述第一换热器、所述第一流量调节装置及所述第二换热器连通形成制冷剂回路，且所述第一流量调节装置的出口与所述第二换热器的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置处于节流状态；所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述冷却机制和所述第一制冷机制。
本申请的热管理系统能够同时执行第一制冷机制和冷却机制，能够同时实现车厢和压缩机的热管理，其中，在冷却机制中，使冷却液流经压缩机的第二流道，然后通过冷却液的循环流动将压缩机的余热带到第三换热器处，在第三换热器释放热量至大气环境中，使冷却液的温度降低，通过冷却液循环流动给压缩机降温，使压缩机的压缩组件的进口处的制冷剂温度较低，压缩的制冷剂浓度较大，能够提升压缩机的压缩效率，从而提升压缩机的工作效率。
附图说明
图1是本申请的热管理系统第一实施例的连接示意图；
图2是本申请的热管理系统第二实施例的连接示意图；
图3是本申请的热管理系统第二实施例的第一制热模式的工作原理示意图；
图4是本申请的热管理系统第二实施例的第二制热模式的工作原理示意图；
图5是本申请的热管理系统第二实施例的第三制热模式的工作原理示意图；
图6是本申请的热管理系统第二实施例的第一制冷模式的工作原理示意图；
图7是本申请的热管理系统第二实施例的第二制冷模式的工作原理示意图；
图8是本申请的热管理系统第三实施例的连接示意图；
图9是本申请的热管理系统第四实施例的连接示意图；
图10是本申请的热管理系统第五实施例的连接示意图；
图11是本申请的热管理系统第六实施例的连接示意图；
图12是本申请的热管理系统第七实施例的连接示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本申请使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。应当理解，本申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个；“多个”表示两个及两个以上的数量。除非另行指出，“前部”、“后部”、“下部”和/或“上部”等类似词语只是为了便于说明，而并非限于一个位置或者一种空间定向。“包括”或者“包含”等类似词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，并不排除其他元件或者物件。
下面结合附图，对本申请示例性实施例的热管理系统进行详细说明，本申请实施例提供的热管理系统均能够用于电动汽车。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施方式中的特征能够相互补充或相互组合。
本申请的热管理系统可应用于车辆、船等具有相对闭密空间且需要进行热管理的设备，可选的，本申请的热管理系统能够应用于电动汽车。为便于描述，以下实施例以应用于车辆为例进行说明。
根据本申请的热管理系统一个具体实施例，如图1所示，本申请热管理系统的第一实施例，热管理系统包括压缩机1、第一换热器2、第二换热器101、第三换热器14、第四换热器9、第五换热器6、第一流量调节装置3、第二流量调节装置5、第一泵13。本申请的压缩机1包括能够流通制冷剂的第一流道(图中未示出)和能够流通冷却液的第二流道(图中未示出)， 第一流道与第二流道不连通，热管理系统运行时，压缩机1会产生热量，压缩机1的第二流道中的冷却液可用于给压缩机1降温。
在一些实施例中，压缩机1包括压缩组件和驱动组件，压缩组件用于将制冷剂压缩成高温高压的气态制冷剂，驱动组件为压缩组件压缩制冷剂提供动力，压缩机1的第二流道可用于对驱动组件进行冷却，可选的，驱动组件包括电机和电控装置。使用冷却液对驱动组件降温，可以改善相关技术中，使用制冷剂对驱动组件降温，使压缩组件的入口的制冷剂温度升高，从而导致压缩机1排气温度较高的问题。
在一些实施例中，压缩机1的驱动组件具有冷却液流动通道(第二流道)，用于冷却液在流动通道内流动时，实现驱动组件的冷却的目的，在压缩机1内，第二流道内的冷却液的流动方向与第一流道内的制冷剂的流动方向相反，可以降低压缩组件入口的制冷剂的温度，使进入压缩组件的入口的制冷剂的密度相对较高，压缩组件每次动作下压缩的制冷剂较多，从而可以提升压缩机的工作效率。
热管理系统具有第一制冷机制和第二制冷机制，第一制冷机制能实现对车厢的制冷，第二制冷机制能实现给压缩机1的冷却。在同一时刻，热管理系统能够同时执行第一制冷机制和第二制冷机制。
参见图1，在第一制冷机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第一换热器2、第一流量调节装置3、第二换热器101、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路。在第二制冷机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第一换热器2、第二流量调节装置5、第五换热器6、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路，第一泵13、压缩机1的第二流道及第二换热器6连通形成冷却液回路。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，顺序连通仅说明各个器件之间连接的顺序关系，而各个器件之间还可包括其他器件，例如截止阀等。另外，本申请的冷却液的类型可根据需要选择，例如，冷却液可为水、油等能够进行换热的物质或者水和乙二醇的混合液或者其他能够进行换热的混合液。本申请的制冷剂的类型可根据需要选择，例如，制冷剂可为R134a、R744和R134yf中的一个。
具体而言，在第一制冷机制下，第一换热器2用作冷凝器，第二换热器101用作蒸发器。参见图1，压缩机1将低温低压的气态制冷剂压缩成高温高压的气态制冷剂，高温高压的制冷剂在第一换热器2中与大气环境空气流换热，制冷剂释放热量，释放的热量被空气流带到大气环境中，制冷剂则发生相变而冷凝成液态或气液两相制冷剂。制冷剂流出第一换热器2，经第二流量调节装置3节流，降温降压变成低温低压的制冷剂。低温低压的制冷剂进入第二换热器101，在第二换热器101中吸收周围的空气的热量，使第二换热器101周围的空气温度降低，在空气流的作用下，冷空气进入格栅风道(图中未标出)并被送入车厢内，降低车厢温度，实现对车厢制冷的功能。制冷剂则发生相变而大部分蒸发成低温低压的气态制冷剂，回流入压缩机1的第一流道，如此循环。
在第二制冷机制下，第一换热器2用作冷凝器，第五换热器6用作蒸发器。参见图1，压缩机1将低温低压的气态制冷剂压缩成高温高压的气态制冷剂，高温高压的制冷剂在第一换热器2中与室外空气流换热，制冷剂释放热量，释放的热量被空气流带到外环境空气中，制冷剂则发生相变而冷凝成液态或气液两相制冷剂。制冷剂流出第一换热器2，进入第二流量调节装置5节流，降温降压变成低温低压的制冷剂。低温低压的制冷剂进入第五换热器6，在第五换热器6中制冷剂与冷却液 进行换热，制冷剂吸收冷却液的热量，低温的冷却液进入压缩机1的第二流道中，低温的冷却液吸收压缩机1的热量，使压缩机1的温度降低，从而实现对压缩机1冷却的功能，吸收压缩机1的热量的冷却液流动至第五换热器6中再与制冷剂换热，如此循环。制冷剂则发生相变而大部分蒸发成低温低压的气态制冷剂，回流入压缩机1的第一流道，如此循环。需要理解的是，制冷剂和冷却液在第五换热器6中仅发生热交换，不会混合，第五换热器6中流通制冷剂的流道与流通冷却液的流道之间不连通。
本实施例中，第五换热器6可选择板式换热器或者其他水冷换热器，第一换热器2和第二换热器101可根据需要选择风冷换热器的类型，本申请对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中，第二制冷机制运行时，通过制冷剂对冷却液进行冷却，然后通过冷却液对压缩机1进行冷却，一方面，可以改善相关技术中压缩机1通过制冷剂冷却时的一些问题。另一方面，通过冷却液对压缩机1进行冷却，可通过调整流经压缩机1的第二流道的冷却液的流量或调节第二流量调节装置5的开度，使压缩机1的温度可以进行较为精准的调控。
另外，压缩机1的第一流道的进口处可设置气液分离器7，以便对进入压缩机1之前的制冷剂进行气液分离，将液态制冷剂储藏于气液分离器7内，而低温低压的气态制冷剂则进入压缩机1重新被压缩，实现制冷剂的循环利用，可以降低压缩机1出现液击现象的可能性。当然，针对一些新型的压缩机1，也可以不设置气液分离器7。
另外，热管理系统包括中间换热器8，中间换热器8包括高压侧和低压侧，高压侧连接于用作冷凝器的换热器和节流装置之间，低压侧连接于用作蒸发器的换热器和压缩机的第一流道的入口之间。在中间换热器8中，从冷凝器流出的较高温的制冷剂和从蒸发器流出的较低温的制冷剂可以进行热交换。流经高压侧的制冷剂再一次降温，使经节流装置节流后的制冷剂温度更低，从而使蒸发器的制冷效果更好。流经低压侧的制冷剂温度升高，使压缩机吸气口有过热度，进一步保证进入压缩机1的制冷剂都是气态，减少液击现象。使用中间换热器8可以提升热管理系统的制冷效果。
以下以压缩机1的第一流道的进口处不设置气液分离器7来进一步对热管理系统的结构进行阐述。
第一流量调节装置3和第二流量调节装置5在热管理系统中可以起到节流降压和截止的作用，可以包括节流阀、普通的热力膨胀阀或电子膨胀阀等。参见图1，本实施例中，第一流量调节装置3串联在第一换热器2和第二换热器101之间，第二流量调节装置5串联在第一换热器2和第五换热器6之间。其中，第一流量调节装置3靠近第二换热器101设置，第二流量调节装置5靠近第五换热器6设置。
热管理系统包括冷却机制，在冷却机制下，第一泵13、第三换热器14、压缩机1的第二流道、第一泵13顺序连通形成冷却液回路。可选的，第三换热器14为低温水箱，第三换热器14可以与室外环境进行热交换。在冷却机制中，通过冷却液的循环流动，将压缩机1的热量带到第三换热器14处释放到空气中，从而实现压缩机1的冷却。热管理系统能够同时执行第一制冷机制和冷却机制，通过制冷剂回路实现车厢的制冷及通过冷却液回路实现压缩机1的冷却，冷却液回路的循环流动可以使压缩机1工作在较合适的温度，在合适的温度下压缩机1的工作效率较高，从而使车厢的制冷效果较好。
由于第五换热器6处的制冷能力高于第三换热器14的冷却能力，当第二制冷机制和冷却机制同时执行时，第三换热器14可能会从空气中吸收热量，不利于压缩机1的冷却效果，当执行第二制冷机制时，需要旁通第三换热器14，充分利用第 五换热器6的制冷能力，节约能源。
热管理系统还可以包括需冷却装置、第二泵11及第一阀15，本实施例中，需冷却装置包括电机换热组件12和电池换热组件10。电池换热组件10可以与电池组件换热，电池组件为汽车的电气设备进行供电。电机换热组件12可以与电机组件换热，电机组件为汽车的车轮等动力设备提供动力。
本实施例中，参见图1，第三换热器14、第一泵13、第二泵11、第一阀15、电机换热组件12、电池换热组件10及压缩机1的第二流道构成冷却液系统。冷却液系统包括第一流路a、第二流路b、第三流路c、第四流路d及第五流路e，其中，电池换热组件10、第二换热器6及第二泵11设于第一流路a，电机换热组件12及第一泵13设于第二流路b，第三换热器14设于第三流路c，压缩机1的第二流道连接于第五流路e，第四流路d是旁通管路，第三流路c与第四流路d并联。第一阀15包括第一接口151、第二接口152、第三接口153及第四接口154，参照图3至图7，第一阀15具有第一工作状态和第二工作状态，在第一工作状态下，第一接口151与第二接口152连通，且第三接口153与第四接口154连通；在第二工作状态下，第一接口151与第四接口154连通，且第二接口152与第三接口153连通。
参照图1，第一流路a的一端与第一接口151连通，另一端与第二接口152连通。第二流路b的一端与第三接口153连通，另一端可以与第三流路c的一端和/或第四流路d的一端连通。第三流路c的另一端和第四流路d的另一端可以与第五流路e的一端连通或与第四接口154连通，第五流路e的另一端与第四接口154连通。
参照图6，在第一阀15处于第一工作状态时，第一流路a可以自身形成回路，可通过第五换热器6给电池组件冷却，第二流路b、第三流路c、第五流路e可以通过第一阀15串联形成回路，可通过第三换热器14释放电机组件和压缩机1的热量至室外。当压缩机1没有冷却需求时，还可以使第二流路b和第三流路c通过第一阀15串联形成回路，可通过第三换热器14释放电机组件的热量至室外。当压缩机1和电机组件没有冷却需求或者冷却需求不高时，还可以使第二流路b和第四流路d通过第一阀15串联形成回路，或者使第二流路b、第四流路d、第五流路e通过第一阀15串联形成回路，此时，第一泵13可以不开启。
参照图5，在第一阀15处于第二工作状态时，第一流路a、第二流路b及第三流路c可以通过第一阀15串联形成回路，此时第二流量调节装置5处于截止状态，可通过第三换热器14释放电机组件和电池组件的热量至室外。还可以，第一流路a、第二流路b及第四流路d通过第一阀15串联形成回路，此时第二流量调节装置5处于节流状态，可通过第五换热器6冷却电机组件和电池组件。还可以，第一流路a、第二流路b、第三流路c及第五流路e通过第一阀15串联形成回路，此时第二流量调节装置5处于截止状态，可通过第三换热器14释放压缩机1、电机组件和电池组件的热量至室外。还可以，第一流路a、第二流路b、第四流路d及第五流路e通过第一阀15串联形成回路，此时第二流量调节装置5处于节流状态，通过第五换热器6给电机组件、电池组件及压缩机1冷却。可以根据热管理系统的需求，调整冷却液回路的连接方式，合理利用压缩机的余热、电机组件的余热、电池组件的余热，或者通过不同的方式给压缩机、电机组件及电池组件散热，使热管理系统更加节能，换热效果更好，续航能力更好。
需要理解的是，在一些实施例中，第一阀15处于第一工作状态，第一流路a自身形成回路时，当电池组件不需要冷却 时，可以使第二流量调节装置5处于截止状态。
热管理系统还包括第二阀16，第二阀16包括第五接口161、第六接口162及第七接口163，第五接口161与第二流路b的一端连通，第六接口162与第三流路c的一端连通，第七接口163与第四流路d的一端连通。通过第二阀16可以控制第二流路b与第三流路c和/或与第四流路d连通。
热管理系统还包括第三阀17，第三阀17包括第八接口171、第九接口172及第十接口173，第八接口171与第五流路e的一端和第四接口154连通，第九接口172与第五流路e的另一端连通，第十接口173与第三流路c的另一端和第四流路d的另一端连通。通过第三阀17可以控制冷却液是否流经第五流路e，从而控制是否通过冷却液给压缩机1冷却，在压缩机1不需要冷却时可以旁通压缩机1。
本实施例中，第一泵13和第二泵11用于为冷却液回路的流动提供动力，可选的，第一泵13和第二泵11可以为电子水泵。第二阀16和第三阀17可选择三通水阀、三通比例阀或者阀件的组合，第二阀16和第三阀17为三通比例阀时，可以调节两条支路中的冷却液的流量。第一阀15可选择四通水阀或者阀件的组合，本申请对此不作限定。
在一些其他实施例中，参照图10，第一泵13可以不设于第二流路b，但第一泵13可以与第二流路b和/或第五流路e连通，第二流路b和第三流路c串联设置，第五流路e与第二流路b和第三流路c串联后的流路并联设置，第五流路e可以单独与第五换热器6串联形成回路，第二流路b和第三流路c串联后的流路也可以单独与第五换热器6串联形成回路，第一流路a也可以单独与第五换热器6串联形成回路。可以理解的是，通过上述设置，可以选择性地使第五换热器6和三条支路中的至少一个连通，灵活实现压缩机1、电机组件及电池组件的热管理，互不干扰。
在一些其他实施例中，还可以电池换热组件10、压缩机1的第二流道、第五换热器6单独串联形成回路，通过第五换热器6同时实现电池组件和压缩机1的冷却。
在一些其他实施例中，还可以电机换热组件12、压缩机1的第二流道、第五换热器6单独串联形成回路，通过第五换热器6同时实现电机组件和压缩机1的冷却。
在一些其他实施例中，还可以第三换热器14、压缩机1的第二流道、第五换热器6串联，通过第五换热器6和第三换热器14同时实现压缩机1的冷却。
热管理系统还包括第四换热器9，第四换热器9包括能够流通制冷剂的第一换热部91和能够流通冷却液的第二换热部92，第一换热部91和第二换热部92可以进行热交换，第一换热部91连接于压缩机1和第一换热器2之间，第二换热部92连接于电机换热组件12和第三换热器14之间。在冷却机制下，第一泵13、第二换热部92、第三换热器14、压缩机1的第二流道、第一泵13顺序连通形成冷却液回路。第一制冷机制下，压缩机1的第一流道流出的高温高压的制冷剂先流经第一换热部91，在第四换热器9中冷却液先带走制冷剂的一部分热量，然后制冷剂流入第一换热器2与室外空气流进行热交换，经过两次降温后的制冷剂经第一流量调节装置3节流后具有更低的温度，使第二换热器101可以吸收更多的热量，实现较好的冷却效果，提升热管理系统的制冷能力。冷却液回路中，流经第二换热部92后的冷却液需先经过第三换热器14散热后，再流经压缩机1的第二流道，从而保证冷却液能有效地为压缩机1降温。第四换热器9可选择板式换热器或者其他水冷换热 器，第三换热器14可根据需要选择风冷换热器的类型，本申请对此不作限定。
本实施例中，第五换热器6包括第三换热部61和第四换热部62，第三换热部61的流道用于流通制冷剂，第三换热部61连接于制冷剂回路，第四换热部62的流道用于流通冷却液，第四换热部62连接于冷却液回路，第三换热部61与第四换热部62不连通，第三换热部61与第四换热部62可以进行热交换。
第一实施例的热管理系统为单冷的空调系统，利用制冷剂仅能实现给车厢制冷和给冷却液降温。本申请还提供热管理系统的其他实施例，例如，热管理系统的第二实施例、第三实施例、第四实施例、第五实施例、第六实施例及第七实施例，利用制冷剂既可以实现给车厢制冷，也可以实现给车厢制热，还可以实现给冷却液加热，但给车厢制冷的功能和给车厢制热的功能同一时间只能实现一个。
本申请还提供热管理系统的第二实施例，参照2至图7，第二实施例与第一实施例的结构大致相同，其区别在于，热管理系统还包括流体切换装置4，流体切换装置4可以控制压缩机1的第一流道的出口与第一换热器2连通或与第二换热器101连通，通过流体切换装置4可以切换制冷剂在热管理系统中的流向。
热管理系统还包括第一制热机制，第一制热机制可以实现给车厢制热。具体地，在第一制热机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第二换热器101、第一流量调节装置3、第一换热器2、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路。高温高压的气态制冷剂先流经第二换热器101，第二换热器101释放热量，使第二换热器101周围的空气温度升高，在空气流的作用下，热空气进入格栅风道(图中未标出)并被送入车厢内，使车厢温度升高，实现制热功能。
具体地，流体切换装置4具有两个工作模式，在一种工作模式下，参照图6和图7，热管理系统能够执行第一制冷机制，压缩机1的第一流道的出口与第一换热器2的一端连通，第一换热器2的另一端与第一流量调节装置3的一端连通，第一流量调节装置3的另一端与第二换热器101的一端连通，第二换热器101的另一端与压缩机1的第一流道的入口连通，第二换热器101吸收车厢的空气流的热量，此时，热管理系统能够实现给车厢制冷。在另一种工作模式下，参照图3至图5，热管理系统能够执行第一制热机制，压缩机1的第一流道的出口与第二换热器101的一端连通，第二换热器101的另一端与第一流量调节装置3的一端连通，第一流量调节装置3的另一端与第一换热器2的一端连通，第一换热器2的另一端与压缩机1的第二流道的入口连通，第二换热器101加热车厢的空气流，此时，热管理系统能够实现给车厢制热。本实施例中，第一流量调节装置3具有双向节流功能和截止功能。同一时间，热管理系统只能执行第一制热机制和第一制冷机制中的一个。
在本实施例中，第二流量调节装置5和第五换热器6所在支路，与第一流量调节装置3和第二换热器101所在支路并联设置，所以当热管理系统执行第一制热机制时，若将第二流量调节装置5开启，在第五换热器6中制冷剂会向冷却液释放热量，若此时第五换热器6与压缩机1的第二流道连通，不利于压缩机1的冷却，因此，可以使第一阀15处于第一工作状态，第五换热器6与压缩机1的第二流道不连通，或者使第二流量调节装置5截止，第五换热器6中不发生热交换。
本实施例中，第二流量调节装置5也可以具有双向节流功能和截止功能。当热管理系统执行第一制热机制时，第一阀15处于第一工作状态，第二流量调节装置5处于节流状态，可以通过第五换热器6给电池组件加热，同时，还可以通过第三换热器14释放压缩机1和电机组件的热量，在实现给车厢和电池组件制热的同时，实现压缩机1和电机组件的冷却。
在一些实施例中，在第一制热机制下，第三换热器14可以与压缩机1的第二流道、电机换热组件14、电池换热组件10中的至少一个连通，第三换热器14可以与第一换热器2并列设置，且第三换热器14设于第一换热器2的上风侧，第一换热器2可以吸收第三换热器14的热量，从而提升热管理系统的制热效果。具体地，环境空气先流经第三换热器14被加热，然后加热后的空气流经第一换热器2，空气中的热量被第一换热器2吸收，通过第一换热器2回收利用冷却液中的热量，例如压缩机1的余热、电机组件的余热、电池组件的余热。进一步的，当环境温度较低时，第一换热器2会有结霜的风险，由于流经第三换热器14的空气流被加热，加热后的空气流流经第一换热器2，可以实现延缓第一换热器2结霜或实现给第一换热器2化霜的目的。可以理解的是，当使用压缩机1的热量给第一换热器2化霜不足时，可以将电池换热组件10和/或电机换热组件12接入冷却液回路中，利用热管理系统中的余热给第一换热器2化霜，达到节能的目的，从而提升车辆的续航能力。
在本实施例中，第一流量调节装置3和第二换热器101所在支路可以串联有辅助换热器102和辅助流量调节装置103，辅助流量调节装置103连接于第二换热器101和辅助换热器102之间。辅助流量调节装置103具有导通功能和节流的功能，当热管理系统执行第一制冷机制时，辅助流量调节装置103处于导通状态，通过第二换热器101和辅助换热器102同时对车厢的空气流冷却，以实现更好的制冷效果；当热管理系统执行第一制热机制时，辅助流量调节装置103可以处于导通状态，通过第二换热器101和辅助换热器102同时对车厢的空气流加热，以实现更好的制热效果；或者，热管理系统的制冷剂流向与第一制冷机制下的制冷剂流向相同，但辅助流量调节装置103处于节流状态，通过第二换热器101对车厢的空气流除湿，辅助换热器102对除湿后的空气流加热，以实现制热除湿的效果。
本实施例的热管理系统的冷却液系统和制冷剂回路的连接方式，与第一实施例基本相同，可参考第一实施例的描述，此处不再重复。
本申请提供热管理系统的第三实施例，参照图8，本实施例的热管理系统包括压缩机1、第一换热器206、第一流量调节装置204、第二换热器202、第三换热器14、电池换热组件10、电机换热组件12、第一泵13以及第一泵11，该实施例与第一实施例的区别在于，热管理系统还包括流体切换装置4、第三流量调节装置205、第四流量调节装置18、第六换热器203、第七换热器19和暖风芯体201。本实施例中，压缩机1的第一流道的出口与第六换热器203的入口连通，流体切换装置4用于切换第六换热器203的出口与第一换热器206连通，还是与第四流量调节装置18、第三流量调节装置205和第一流量调节装置204连通。
本实施例中，暖风芯体201和第二换热器202为风冷换热器，可以与车厢空气直接进行热交换。第六换热器203和第七换热器19为双流道换热器，可用于制冷剂和冷却液的热交换。第七换热器19包括能够热交换的第五换热部191和第六换热部192，第五换热部191连接于制冷剂回路可用于流通制冷剂，第六换热部192连接于冷却液回路可用于流通冷却液。
热管理系统还包括第二制热机制，在第二制热机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第六换热器203、第三流量调节装置205、第一换热器206、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路，第六换热器203的冷却液流道和暖风芯体201连通形成冷却液回路。
参照图8，压缩机1的第一流道流出的高温高压的制冷剂流入第六换热器203，在第六换热器203中，制冷剂将热量传递给冷却液，在第六换热器203中吸收热量后的冷却液流动至暖风芯体201，暖风芯体201与车厢的空气流进行热交换，暖风芯体201使周围的空气升温，加热后的空气流吹入车厢，实现车厢的制热。流出第六换热器203后的制冷剂经第三流量调节装置205节流后，进入第一换热器206中与室外的空气流换热，吸收环境空气的温度后回流至压缩机1的第一流道的入口，如此循环。在第二制热机制下，第三换热器14可以与压缩机1的第一流道、电机换热组件14、电池换热组件10中的至少一个连通，通过第三换热器14实现冷却的功能。在第一换热器206处，第一换热器206可以吸收第三换热器14的热量，或利用第三换热器14延缓第一换热器206结霜，或利用第三换热器2给第一换热器206化霜，回收利用冷却液回路的余热，充分利用热管理系统中的余热，起到节能的作用，提升续航能力。
本实施例中，第三流量调节装置205靠近第一换热器206设置，第一流量调节装置204靠近第二换热器202设置，第四流量调节装置18靠近第七换热器19设置，第三流量调节装置205和第一换热器206所在支路、第一流量调节装置204和第一换热器202所在支路、第四流量调节装置18和第七换热器19所在支路并联设置。
热管理系统还包括第三制冷机制，在第三制冷机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第一换热器206、第四流量调节装置18、第五换热部191、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路，第一泵13、第六换热部192、压缩机1的第二流道、第一泵13连通形成为冷却液回路，在第七换热器19中制冷剂吸收冷却液的热量，使冷却液温度降低，实现压缩机1的冷却功能，也可以将电机换热组件12和电池换热组件10连接入冷却液回路，实现电池组件和电机组件的冷却。可以理解的是，热管理系统同一时间只能执行第二制热机制和第三制冷机制中的一个。
热管理系统还包括余热回收机制，在余热回收机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第六换热器203、第四流量调节装置18、第五换热部191、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路，其中，第六换热器203用作冷凝器，第五换热部191用作蒸发器，通过第六换热器203实现车厢的制热，通过第七换热器19实现冷却液回路的余热回收。
热管理系统还包括第一制热除湿机制，在第一制热除湿机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第六换热器203、第一流量调节装置204、第二换热器202、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路，其中，第六换热器203用作冷凝器，第二换热器202用作蒸发器，第二换热器202和暖风芯体201直接与车厢的空气流进行热交换，第二换热器202设于暖风芯体201的上风侧。车厢的含湿量较高的空气，先流经温度较低的第二换热器202，空气中的水分遇冷后冷凝成水析出，除湿后的空气流流经暖风芯体201被加热，被加热后的空气流被吹入车厢，从而实现制热除湿功能。热管理系统能够同一时间执行第二制热机制、第一制热除湿机制、余热回收机制中的至少一个。
热管理系统同时执行第二制热机制和余热回收机制时，可以在实现车厢制热的同时，回收环境空气和/或冷却液回路的热量，实现余热回收的功能，并充分利用环境中的热量，同时从第一换热器206和第七换热器19处吸收热量，使第六换热器203处放热更充分，从而热管理系统具有较好的制热效果，还可以实现节能的目的。
热管理系统同时执行第二制热机制和第一制热除湿机制时，同时从第一换热器206和第二换热器202处吸收热量，合理利用环境空气的温度，可以保证第六换热器203制热效果稳定，从而热管理系统具有较好的制热除湿效果。
热管理系统同时执行余热回收机制和第一制热除湿机制时，同时从第七换热器19和第二换热器202处吸收热量，回收利用冷却液回路的热量，既可以保证第六换热器203制热效果稳定，从而热管理系统具有较好的制热除湿效果，又可以达到节能的目的。
当然，热管理系统也能够同一时间执行第二制热机制、第一制热除湿机制和余热回收机制，既可以实现制热除湿功能，还可以实现冷却液回路的热量回收，还可以合理利用免费的环境空气的热量，既可以保证第六换热器203制热效果稳定，又可以达到节能的目的。
本实施例的冷却液回路中，不设置第四流路d，第二流路b的一端通过阀件实现与第七换热器19连通或与第三换热器14连通，第二流路b的另一端与第五流路e或者第三换热器14的另一端连通，第五流路e通过阀件选择是否连接进第二流路b和第三换热器14串联形成的流路，第一流路a与第二流路b和第三换热器14串联形成的流路并联设置。上述阀件可以选择三通阀或三通比例阀，本申请不予限制。
本实施例的热管理系统的部分部件间的连接结构和第一制冷机制的运行方式，与第一实施例相似，可参考第一实施例的描述，此处不再重复。
本申请还提供热管理系统的第四实施例，参照图9，该实施例与第三实施例基本相同，其区别在于：第六换热器203是风冷换热器，第六换热器203直接与车厢的空气流进行热交换。例如，热管理系统在执行第二制热机制时，第六换热器203直接与车厢的空气流进行热交换，第六换热器203周围的空气升温，升温后的空气流被吹入车厢，实现车厢的制热。本实施例的热管理系统的部件间的连接结构及各机制的运行方式，与第三实施例基本相同，可参考第三实施例的描述，此处不再重复。
本申请还提供热管理系统的第五实施例，参照图10，该实施例与第三实施例基本相同，其区别在于：冷却液回路中具有三个并联的支路，一个支路上设有压缩机1的第二流道，一个支路上设有电机换热组件12和第三换热器14，一个支路上设有电池换热组件10，三个支路均可以分别与第七换热器19的第六换热部192串联形成回路。第七换热器19既可以单独与每个支路上的部件换热，也可以是第七换热器19同时与至少两个支路上的部件换热，使冷却液回路的换热方式较为丰富。本实施例的热管理系统的部件间的连接结构及各机制的运行方式，与第三实施例基本相同，可参考第三实施例的描述，此处不再重复。
本申请还提供热管理系统的第六实施例，参照图11，本实施例中的热管理系统包括压缩机1、第一换热器307、第一流量调节装置22、第二换热器22、第三换热器14、电池换热组件10、电机换热组件12、第一泵13、第二泵11以及第一阀15，该实施例与第一实施例区别在于：热管理系统还包括第五流量调节装置306、第八换热器303、第九换热器305、第十换热器301，制冷剂回路中，压缩机1的第一流道、第九换热器305、第五流量调节装置306、第一换热器307、第一流量调节装置21、第二换热器22顺序连通，第五流量调节装置306和第一流量调节装置21具有导通功能和节流功能。当第五流量调节装置306导通，第一流量调节装置21节流时，第九换热器305和第一换热器307用作冷凝器，第二换热器22用作蒸发器。当第五流量调节装置306节流，第九换热器305用作冷凝器，第二换热器22和第一换热器307用作蒸发器。
本实施例中，第九换热器305和第二换热器22均为双流道换热器，第二换热器22包括能够进行热交换的第七换热部221和第八换热部222，第七换热部221连接于制冷剂回路可用于流通制冷剂，第八换热部222连接于冷却液回路可用于流通冷却液。第八换热器303和第十换热器301均为风冷换热器，可直接与车厢空气进行热交换。第八换热器303可以与第八换热部222连通形成冷却液回路，第十换热器301可以与第九换热器305的冷却液流道连通形成冷却液回路。
在第一制冷机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第九换热器305、第五流量调节装置306、第一换热器307、第一流量调节装置21、第二换热器22、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成回路，第一流量调节装置21处于节流状态，第五流量调节装置306处于导通状态，第二换热器22与第八换热器303连通形成回路，第二换热器22与第八换热器303连通形成的回路为冷却液回路。具体地，压缩机1的第一流道流出的高温高压的制冷剂，流经第九换热器305和第五流量调节装置306，但在第九换热器305中不换热，接着流入第一换热器307，在第一换热器307中与环境空气进行热交换，制冷剂的温度降低，经第一流量调节装置21节流后，流入第七换热部221中，在第二换热器22中制冷剂吸收冷却液的热量。降温后的冷却液进入第八换热器303，第八换热器303与车厢的空气流进行热交换，低温空气流吹入车厢，实现给车厢制冷的目的，吸收车厢空气热量的冷却液回流入第八换热部222中再次换热，如此循环。制冷剂流入压缩机1的第一流道的入口，如此循环。
本实施例中，热管理系统包括第四制冷机制，在第四制冷机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第九换热器305、第五流量调节装置306、第一换热器307、第一流量调节装置21、第二换热器22、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路，第一流量调节装置21和第五流量调节装置306中至少有一个处于节流状态，第一泵13、压缩机1的第二流道及第八换热部222连通形成冷却液回路。可以理解的是，根据热管理系统的状态，制冷剂回路还可以有其他的连接模式，具体连接方式可参考实施例一。
热管理系统能够同时执行第一制冷机制和第四制冷机制，在实现车厢制冷的同时，实现冷却液回路的余热回收，使用一个换热器(即第二换热器22)同时吸收车厢和冷却液回路的热量，使热管理系统的结构简单，还可以降低成本。
本实施例中，热管理系统还包括第三制热机制，在第三制热机制下，压缩机1的第一流道、第九换热器305、第五流量调节装置306、第一换热器307、第一流量调节装置21、第二换热器22、压缩机1的第一流道顺序连通形成制冷剂回路，第一流量调节装置21和所述第五流量调节装置306中至少有一个处于节流状态，第十换热器301与第九换热器305的冷却液流道连通形成回路，在第九换热器305中制冷剂可以与冷却液进行热交换。此时，第八换热器303不与车厢的空气流进行热交换。
具体地，在第三制热机制下，在第九换热器305中，制冷剂将热量传递给冷却液，升温后的冷却液流入第十换热器301，第十换热器301使车厢的空气流升温，升温后的空气被吹入车厢，实现给车厢制热的功能，降温后的冷却液回流入第九换热器305再次被加热，如此循环。在第三制热机制下，可以使第五流量调节装置306处于节流状态，第一流量调节装置21处于导通状态，第九换热器305用作冷凝器，第一换热器307和第二换热器22用作蒸发器；也可以是第五流量调节装置306处于导通状态，第一流量调节装置21处于节流状态，第九换热器305和第一换热器307用作冷凝器，第二换热器22用作蒸发器，可以用于延缓第一换热器307结霜或给第一换热器307化霜。在第三制热机制下，第三换热器14可以与压缩机1的 第一流道、电机换热组件14、电池换热组件10中的至少一个连通，第一换热器307可以吸收第三换热器14的热量，通过第一换热器307回收冷却液回路的热量，或者通过第三换热器14延缓第一换热器307的结霜，或者通过第三换热器14给第一换热器307化霜，可以达到节能的目的。
本实施例中，热管理系统还包括第二制热除湿机制，在第二制热除湿机制下，经第八换热器303除湿后的空气，再经第十换热器301加热后被吹入车厢，以实现制热除湿功能。热管理系统能够同时执行第二制热除湿机制、第三制热机制、第一制冷机制中的至少一个。
本实施例中，热管理系统还包括第三泵302和第四泵304，第三泵302用于给第十换热器301和第九换热器305连通形成的冷却液回路提供动力，第四泵304用于给第二换热器22和第八换热器303连通形成的冷却液回路提供动力。第三泵302和第四泵304可选择电子水泵。本实施例的热管理系统的部分部件间的连接结构和第一制冷机制的运行方式，与第一实施例相似，可参考第一实施例的描述，此处不再重复。
本申请还提供热管理系统的第七实施例，参照图12，该实施例与第六实施例基本相同，其区别在于：第九换热器305为风冷换热器，第九换热器305直接与车厢的空气进行换热，在第九换热器305的进风侧设有风门，在热管理系统执行第四制冷机制时，风门关闭，或者第三泵302不开启，第九换热器305处不进行热交换。本实施例的热管理系统的部件间的连接结构及各机制的运行方式，与第六实施例基本相同，可参考第六实施例的描述，此处不再重复。
本申请的热管理系统包括空调箱100，上述所有实施例中可以与车厢的空气流直接进行热交换的换热器均位于空调箱100内，空调箱100具有内循环状态和外循环状态，在内循环状态时，空调箱100进口与车厢连通，空调箱100的出口与车厢连通，车厢内的空气在空调箱100中进行热交换后再被吹入车厢。在外循环状态，空调箱100的进口与大气环境连通，空调箱100的出口与车厢连通，大气环境中的空气在空调箱100中进行热交换后被吹入车厢。
本申请中两个部件之间的“连接”能够是直接连接，也能够是通过管路连接，两个部件之间能够仅设有管路，也能够两者之间还设有阀件或其他部件。同样的，本申请中两个部件之间的“连通”能够是直接连通，也能够是通过管路实现连通，两个部件之间能够仅设有管路连通，也能够两者之间还设有阀件或其他部件后连通。
本申请还提供一种热管理系统的控制方法，本申请中的控制方法适用于上述所有实施方式的热管理系统，热管理系统还包括控制系统，控制系统可用于对热管理系统的工作状态进行控制。
参照图1，控制系统包括控制器200和多个传感器(图中未示出)，控制器200与传感器电连接，控制器200可用于获取传感器得到的工作信息。传感器可用于获取电机组件、电池组件以及换热装置的工作信息。换热装置为上述所有实施例中的电机换热组件12、电池换热组件10和多个换热器。可选的，工作信息包括温度、湿度以及压力中的至少一个。可选的，传感器还可以对获取的工作信息进行处理。
控制器200与热管理系统的部分部件电连接，例如，压缩机1、空调箱100、风机、阀装置、泵装置以及传感器等。控制器200可用于获取传感器得到的工作信息，以及可用于对压缩机1、空调箱100、风机、阀装置以及泵装置的工作状态进行调节，工作状态的调节包括开启部件、关闭部件、部件转速调节、部件开度调节以及部件功率调节中的至少一个。阀装 置为热管理系统中用于切换流体流向的部件和用于对流体流量进行调节的部件，例如，第一阀15、流体切换装置4、第一流量调节装置3、第二流量调节装置5、第三流量调节装置205、第四流量调节装置18和第五流量调节装置306等。泵装置为热管理系统中用于为冷却液的流动提供动力的部件，例如，第一泵11、第二泵13、第三泵302和第四泵304等。
控制器200可用于执行热管理系统的控制方法。
热管理系统的控制方法包括：获取乘客的需求和传感器得到的工作信息；根据乘客的需求和传感器得到的工作信息，控制器200对热管理系统中的部件的工作状态进行调节，使热管理系统执行合适的空调运行模式，从而实现对乘客舱、电机组件以及电池组件的热管理。
热管理系统还包括交互装置，控制器200与交互装置电连接，控制器200通过交互装置可以获得乘客的需求，如乘客需求的目标温度或乘客需求的空调运行模式等。可选的，交互装置可以为电动汽车的控制面板。空调运行模式包括冷却机制、第一制冷机制、第二制冷机制、第三制冷机制、第四制冷机制、第一制热机制、第二制热机制、第三制热机制、余热回收机制、第一制热除湿机制以及第二制热除湿机制中的一个，或者至少两个的组合。各个机制下的热管理系统的连接状态可参照前文描述，此处不再赘述。
以上所述仅是本申请的较佳实施例而已，并非对本申请做任何形式上的限制，虽然本申请已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本申请，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本申请技术方案的范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本申请技术方案的内容，依据本申请的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本申请技术方案的范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种热管理系统，其特征在于，包括：压缩机(1)、第一换热器(2、206、307)、第一流量调节装置(3、204、21)、第二换热器(101、202、22)、第三换热器(14)以及第一泵(13)，所述压缩机(1)包括用于流通制冷剂的第一流道和用于流通冷却液的第二流道，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道和所述压缩机(1)的第二流道不连通；
    所述压缩机(1)的第二流道能够与所述第三换热器(14)连通，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道能够与所述第一换热器(2、206、307)连通，所述第一换热器(2、206、307)能够与所述第一流量调节装置(3、204、21)连通，所述第一流量调节装置(3、204、21)能够与所述第二换热器(101、202、22)连通，所述第二换热器(101、202、22)能够与所述压缩机(1)的第一流道连通；
    所述热管理系统具有冷却机制和第一制冷机制，在所述冷却机制下，所述第一泵(13)、所述压缩机(1)的第二流道及所述第三换热器(14)连通形成为冷却液回路，所述第三换热器(14)与大气环境进行热交换；
    在所述第一制冷机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第一换热器(2、206、307)、所述第一流量调节装置(3、204、21)及所述第二换热器(101、202、22)连通形成制冷剂回路，且所述第一流量调节装置(3、204、21)的出口与所述第二换热器(101、202、22)的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置(3、204、21)处于节流状态；
    所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述冷却机制和所述第一制冷机制。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括需冷却装置，所述需冷却装置包括电机换热组件(12)和电池换热组件(10)中的至少一个；
    在所述冷却机制下，所述第一泵(13)、所述需冷却装置、所述压缩机(1)的第二流道及所述第三换热器(14)连通形成冷却液回路，所述压缩机(1)的第二流道与所述需冷却装置串联设置。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括需冷却装置，所述需冷却装置包括电机换热组件(12)和电池换热组件(10)中的至少一个；
    在所述冷却机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第二流道及所述第三换热器(14)连通形成冷却液回路，所述需冷却装置及所述第三换热器(14)连通形成冷却液回路；所述压缩机(1)的第二流道所在支路与所述需冷却装置所在支路并联设置。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括第四换热器(9)，所述第四换热器(9)包括第一换热部(91)和第二换热部(92)，所述第一换热部(91)和所述第二换热部(92)不连通，所述第一换热部(91)连接于所述压缩机(1)和所述第一换热器(2)之间；
    在所述第一制冷机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第一换热部(91)、所述第一换热器(2)、所述第一流量调节装置(3)以及所述第二换热器(101)连通形成制冷剂回路，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道的出口与所述第一换热部(91)的入口连通，所述第一换热部(91)的出口与所述第一换热器(2)的入口连通，所述第一换热器(2)的出口与所述第一流量调节装置(3)的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置(3)的出口与所述第二换热器(101)的入口连通，所述第一泵(13)、所述第二换热部(92)、所述第三换热器(14)以及所述压缩机(1)的第二流道连通形成冷却液回路，所述第一换热部(91)中的制冷剂和所述第二换热部(92)中的冷却液进行热交换。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括第二流量调节装置(5)和所述第五换热器(6)，所述第五换热器(6)包括第三换热部(61)和第四换热部(62)，所述第三换热部(61)和所述第四换热部(62)不连通，所述第二流量调节装置(5)的出口能够与所述第三换热部(61)的入口连通；
    所述热管理系统具有第二制冷机制，在所述第二制冷机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第一换热器(2)、所述第二流量调节装置(5)及所述第三换热部(61)连通形成制冷剂回路，所述第二流量调节装置(5)的出口与所述第三换热部(61)的入口连通，所述第二流量调节装置(5)处于节流状态，所述压缩机(1)的第二流道、所述第一泵(13)及所述第四换热部(62)连通形成冷却液回路，所述第三换热部(61)中的制冷剂和所述第四换热部(62)中的冷却液进行热交换；
    所述热管理系统能够同时执行第一制冷机制和第二制冷机制。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统具有第一制热机制，在所述第一制热机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道的出口与所述第二换热器(101)的入口连通，所述第二换热器(101)的出口与所述第一流量调节装置(3)的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置(3)的出口与所述第一换热器(2)的入口连通，所述第一换热器(2)的出口与所述压缩机(1)的第一流道的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置(3)处于节流状态；所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述冷却机制和所述第一制热机制。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括第三流量调节装置(205)以及第六换热器(203)，所述第三流量调节装置(205)能够与第六换热器(203)连通；
    所述热管理系统具有第二制热机制，在所述第二制热机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第六换热器(203)、所述第三流量调节装置(205)及所述第一换热器(206)连通形成制冷剂回路，且所述第三流量调节装置(205)的出口与所述第一换热器(206)的进口连通，所述第三流量调节装置(205)处于节流状态；
    所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述冷却机制和所述第二制热机制。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统具有第一制热除湿机制，在所述第一制热除湿机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第六换热器(203)、所述第一流量调节装置(204)及所述第二换热器(202)连通形成回路，所述第一流量调节装置(204)的出口与所述第二换热器(202)的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置(204)处于节流状态；所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述冷却机制和所述第一制热除湿机制。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括第四流量调节装置(18)以及所述第七换热器(19)，所述第七换热器(19)包括第五换热部(191)和第六换热部(192)，所述第五换热部(191)和所述第六换热部(192)不连通，所述第四流量调节装置(18)的出口能够与所述第五换热部(191)的入口连通；
    所述热管理系统具有余热回收机制，在所述余热回收机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第六换热器(203)、所述第四流量调节装置(18)及所述第五换热部(191)连通形成制冷剂回路，所述第四流量调节装置(18)的出口与所述第五换热部(191)的入口连通，所述第四流量调节装置(18)处于节流状态，所述第一泵(13)、所述压缩机(1)的第二流道及所述第六换热部(192)连通形成冷却液回路，所述第五换热部(191)中的制冷剂与所述第六换热部(192)中的冷却液热交换；所述热管理系统能够同一时间执行第一制热除湿机制、所述第二制热机制和所述余热回收机制中的至少一个。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统具有第三制冷机制，在所述第三制冷机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第一换热器(206)、所述第四流量调节装置(18)及所述第五换热部(191)连通形成回路，所述第四流量调节装置(18)的出口与所述第五换热部(191)的入口连通，所述第四流量调节装置(18)处于节流状态，所述第一泵(13)、所述第六换热部(192)、所述压缩机(1)的第二流道连通形成为冷却液回路，所述第五换热部(191) 中的制冷剂与所述第六换热部(192)中的冷却液热交换；
    所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述第一制冷机制和所述第三制冷机制。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括第五流量调节装置(306)和第九换热器(305)，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道的出口能够与所述第九换热器(305)的入口连通，所述第九换热器(305)的出口能够与所述第五流量调节装置(306)的入口连通，所述第五流量调节装置(306)的出口能够与所述第一换热器(307)的入口连通，所述第一换热器(307)的出口能够与所述第一流量调节装置(21)的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置(21)的出口能够与所述第二换热器(22)的入口连通，所述第二换热器(22)的出口能够与所述压缩机(1)的第一流道的入口连通，所述第一流量调节装置(21)和所述第五流量调节装置(306)均具有节流状态和导通状态；
    在所述第一制冷机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第一换热器(307)、所述第一流量调节装置(21)及所述第七换热部(221)连通形成回路，所述第一流量调节装置(21)处于节流状态，所述第五流量调节装置(306)处于导通状态。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统具有第三制热机制，在所述第三制热机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第九换热器(305)、所述第五流量调节装置(306)、所述第一换热器(307)、所述第一流量调节装置(21)、所述第七换热部(221)连通形成制冷剂回路，所述第一流量调节装置(21)和所述第五流量调节装置(306)中至少有一个处于节流状态；
    所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述冷却机制和所述第三制热机制。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括所述第八换热器(303)，所述第二换热器(22)包括第七换热部(221)和第八换热部(222)，所述第七换热部(221)和所述第八换热部(222)不连通，所述第八换热器(303)能够与所述第八换热部(222)连通；
    所述热管理系统具有第四制冷机制和第二制热除湿机制，在所述第四制冷机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第一换热器(307)、所述第一流量调节装置(21)及所述第七换热部(221)连通形成制冷剂回路，所述第八换热部(222)与所述压缩机(1)的第二流道连通形成冷却液回路，所述第一流量调节装置(21)处于节流状态，所述第五流量调节装置(306)处于导通状态；所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述第一制冷机制和第四制冷机制；
    在所述第二制热除湿机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第九换热器(305)、所述第五流量调节装置(306)、所述第一换热器(307)、所述第一流量调节装置(21)、所述第七换热部(221)连通形成制冷剂回路，所述第八换热部(222)与所述第八换热器(303)连通形成冷却液回路，所述第一流量调节装置(21)和所述第五流量调节装置(306)中至少有一个处于节流状态；所述热管理系统能够同时执行所述冷却机制和所述第二制热除湿机制。
  14. 如权利要求4所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统具有余热回收机制，在所述余热回收机制下，所述压缩机(1)的第一流道、所述第一换热器(101)、所述第一流量调节装置(3)以及所述第一换热部(91)连通形成制冷剂回路，且所述第一流量调节装置(3)的出口与所述第一换热部(91)的入口连通，所述第一泵(13)、所述第二换热部(92)以及所述压缩机(1)的第二流道连通形成冷却液回路，所述第一换热部(91)中的制冷剂与所述第二换热部(92)中的冷却液进行热交换。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的一种热管理系统，其特征在于，所述热管理系统包括需冷却装置，所述需冷却装置包括电机 换热组件(12)和电池换热组件(10)中的至少一个；
    在所述余热回收机制下，所述第一泵(13)、所述第二换热部(92)、所述需冷却装置以及所述压缩机(1)的第二流道连通形成回路，所述需冷却装置与所述压缩机(1)的第二流道串联连通；
    或，所述压缩机(1)的第二流道及所述第二换热部(92)连通形成冷却液回路，所述需冷却装置及所述第二换热部(92)连通形成冷却液回路，所述压缩机(1)的第二流道所在支路与所述需冷却装置所在支路并联设置。
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