WO2022077373A1 - 一种传输信号的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种传输信号的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022077373A1
WO2022077373A1 PCT/CN2020/121267 CN2020121267W WO2022077373A1 WO 2022077373 A1 WO2022077373 A1 WO 2022077373A1 CN 2020121267 W CN2020121267 W CN 2020121267W WO 2022077373 A1 WO2022077373 A1 WO 2022077373A1
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Prior art keywords
index
symbol
layer
phase
equal
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English (en)
French (fr)
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颜矛
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP20957152.0A priority Critical patent/EP4207696A4/en
Priority to CN202080106024.9A priority patent/CN116438766A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/121267 priority patent/WO2022077373A1/zh
Publication of WO2022077373A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022077373A1/zh
Priority to US18/300,375 priority patent/US12206542B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H04L27/2621—Reduction thereof using phase offsets between subcarriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/26362—Subcarrier weighting equivalent to time domain filtering, e.g. weighting per subcarrier multiplication

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for transmitting signals.
  • the terminal When the terminal transmits the uplink signal to the network device, it can use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency divided multiplexing, OFDM) waveform or discrete Fourier transform-spreading-OFDM (discrete fourier transformation spreading OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM) Waveform transmission.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • DFT-s-OFDM discrete Fourier transform-spreading-OFDM
  • Single-layer transmission cannot fully utilize the degrees of freedom of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) channels, resulting in poor transmission performance and low transmission efficiency. Based on this, when the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is used to transmit the uplink signal, how to improve the transmission performance is a technical problem that needs to be solved.
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • the present application provides a method and a device for transmitting a signal to solve the problem of poor transmission performance in the prior art when a DFT-s-OFDM waveform is used to transmit a signal.
  • a method for transmitting a signal maps a plurality of modulation symbols to multiple layers; the transmitting end performs discrete Fourier transform DFT on a part of the modulation symbols of the layers to obtain a first symbol, and performs a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the modulation symbols of a part of the layers to obtain a first symbol, and performs a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the modulation symbols of a part of the layers.
  • the modulation symbols of the layer are subjected to discrete Fourier transform DFT and phase shift to obtain the second symbol.
  • the transmitting end performs first processing on the first symbol and the second symbol, respectively, to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal, and transmits the signal.
  • the peak-to-average power ratio can be reduced by phase-shifting the symbols of a part of layers (layers may be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups).
  • the first processing includes one or more of the following: frequency domain resource mapping, inverse fast fourier transform (inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT), and precoding.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset is related to a first parameter;
  • the first parameter includes one or more of the following: layer index, antenna port index, stream index, symbol index, sub-index Carrier index, DFT size, number of modulation symbols, total number of layers, total number of antenna ports, total number of streams, modulation order, number of modulation constellation symbols.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset includes the first phase and/or the second phase
  • the first phase is:
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 0
  • R is the size of the DFT or the number of modulation symbols
  • n is the index of the symbol, or the index of the subcarrier
  • m is the layer index, or the antenna port index, or the stream index
  • M is greater than or an integer equal to 2;
  • the first phase is:
  • R is the size of the DFT or the number of modulation symbols
  • n is the index of the symbol, or the index of the subcarrier
  • m is the layer index, or the antenna port index, or the stream index
  • M is greater than or an integer equal to 2, with d greater than 0;
  • the second phase is:
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 0
  • m is a layer index, or an antenna port index, or a stream index
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • Q is greater than 0.
  • j is the same as the minimum value of m.
  • M is the total number of layers, or the total number of antenna ports, or the total number of streams.
  • d k/R, where k is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • Q is related to the modulation order.
  • the second symbol is:
  • the second symbol is:
  • the second symbol is:
  • the second symbol is:
  • a transmitting end maps a plurality of modulation symbols to multiple layers. Then, the transmitting end performs discrete Fourier transform DFT on the modulation symbols of each layer to obtain the third symbol of each layer. Next, the transmitting end performs frequency domain resource mapping and inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT on the third symbol of each layer to obtain the fourth symbol of each layer. Furthermore, the transmitting end cyclically shifts the fourth symbols of a part of the layers to obtain the fifth symbols of each layer in the part of the layers. Finally, the transmitting end precodes the fifth symbol in the first part and the fourth symbol in the remaining part of the layer to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal, and sends it.
  • the peak-to-average ratio PAPR can be reduced by cyclically shifting the symbols of a part of layers (layers may be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups).
  • the value of the cyclic shift is:
  • the rounding is: rounding down, or rounding up, or rounding to an integer;
  • R is the size of the DFT or the number of modulation symbols
  • m is the layer index, or the antenna port index, or the stream index
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 0
  • c is an arbitrary value
  • the value of the cyclic shift is:
  • R is the size of the DFT or the number of modulation symbols
  • m is the layer index, or the antenna port index, or the stream index
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 0
  • c is an arbitrary value.
  • M is the total number of layers, or the total number of antenna ports, or the total number of streams.
  • j is the same as the minimum value of m.
  • z m (p) is the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the fifth symbol in the stream with index p
  • y m (n) is the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the fifth symbol in the stream
  • n, m is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to M-1
  • N is the IFFT size, or the number of subcarriers
  • n 0 is the starting subcarrier index that the terminal is scheduled to
  • p 0 , 1, 2..., N-1
  • n is the subcarrier index
  • z m (t) is the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the fifth symbol with index t in the stream
  • y m (n) is the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the fifth symbol in the stream
  • n, m is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to M-1
  • N is the IFFT size, or the number of subcarriers
  • n 0 is the starting subcarrier index that the terminal is scheduled to
  • p 0 , 1, 2..., N-1
  • n is the subcarrier index
  • a part of the layers is precoded.
  • the sign is phase shifted. PAPR can be further reduced.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset is related to a first parameter;
  • the first parameter includes one or more of the following: layer index, antenna port index, stream index, symbol index, sub-index Carrier index, DFT size, number of modulation symbols, total number of layers, total number of antenna ports, total number of streams, modulation order, number of modulation constellation symbols.
  • the second phase shifted by the phase offset is: in, j is an integer greater than or equal to 0, m is a layer index, or an antenna port index, or a stream index, M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and Q is greater than 0.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset may be the second phase in a possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • a communication device in a third aspect, has the functions of implementing the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or implementing the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • These functions can be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more functional modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • a communication device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions; the processor is used to execute part or all of the computer programs or instructions in the memory, When part or all of the computer program or instructions are executed, it is used to implement the function of the sender in the method of the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or to implement the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect. The function of the sender in the implementation.
  • the apparatus may further include a transceiver configured to transmit a signal processed by the processor or receive a signal input to the processor.
  • the transceiver may perform the sending action or the receiving action performed by the sender in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect; or, perform the sending performed by the sender in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect. Action or receive action.
  • the present application provides a chip system, the chip system includes one or more processors (which may also be referred to as processing circuits), and the processors are electrically coupled with a memory (which may also be referred to as a storage medium). ; the memory may be located in the chip system or not in the chip system; the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions; the processor is used to execute part or all of the memory
  • the computer program or instruction when part or all of the computer program or instruction is executed, is used to realize the function of the sender in the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect, or to realize the above-mentioned second aspect and the first aspect.
  • the function of the sender in any possible implementation.
  • the chip system may further include an input-output interface, where the input-output interface is used to output a signal processed by the processor, or receive a signal input to the processor.
  • the input/output interface can perform the sending action or the receiving action performed by the sender in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect; or, perform the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • Send action or receive action Specifically, the output interface performs the sending action, and the input interface performs the receiving action.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a sixth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions for implementing the functions in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or for implementing Instructions for functions in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program.
  • the computer program When the computer program is executed by a computer, it can cause the computer to execute the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect. method, or perform the method performed by the sender in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect.
  • a computer program product comprising: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer is made to execute the first aspect and any possible possibility of the first aspect.
  • a communication device including a processor; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction, and when the computer program or instruction is executed, it is used to implement the above-mentioned first aspect and the first aspect
  • the function of the transmitter in any possible implementation method, or the function of the transmitter in the second aspect and any possible implementation method of the second aspect.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in the processor or in a memory coupled to the processor.
  • the memory may or may not be located in the communication device.
  • the apparatus further includes: a communication interface, where the communication interface is configured to send a signal processed by the processor, or receive a signal input to the processor.
  • the communication interface may perform the sending action or the receiving action performed by the sender in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect, or perform the sending action performed by the sender in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect. or receive action.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a process of a transmission signal applied to a transmitting end provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • 2b is a schematic diagram of a process of a transmission signal applied to a receiving end provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • 3a is a schematic diagram of a process of a transmission signal applied to a transmitting end provided in an embodiment of the application;
  • 3b is a schematic diagram of a process of a transmission signal applied to a transmitting end provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 provides a kind of simulation schematic diagram in the embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of a transmission signal applied to a transmitting end provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication process between a terminal and a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a signal provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a signal provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE frequency division duplex frequency division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1 includes a network device and a terminal, and resources can be used for wireless communication between the network device and the terminal.
  • the resources here may include one or more of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code domain resources and space domain resources.
  • the present application is also applicable to a system in which terminals communicate with each other, and is also applicable to a system in which network devices communicate with network devices.
  • the network device and the terminal can transmit signals through OFDM waveforms or DFT-s-OFDM waveforms.
  • the difference between the two is whether to perform discrete Fourier transform DFT operations.
  • Figure 2a a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting a signal through a DFT-s-OFDM waveform is introduced.
  • Figure 2a shows the processing process of the sender, including the following steps:
  • Step 200 Perform channel coding on the transport block to obtain coded bits (coded bits); then modulate the plurality of bits to obtain a plurality of modulated symbols, which may be called modulation symbols, and modulation symbols are also known as modulation symbols. may be called complex symbols.
  • the modulation method may be, for example, quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), or offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM), or second-order phase shift keying (BPSK), or pi /2-BPSK, or QPSK, or pi/4-QPSK, or 16QAM, or 64QAM, or 256QAM, or 1024QAM, or APSK.
  • the modulation order can be 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 or 8, etc.
  • the modulation order is related to the modulation method. This application does not limit the modulation mode and modulation order.
  • step 201 is directly performed on the modulation symbols obtained in step 200; in another example, multiple modulation symbols obtained in step 200 are mapped to multiple groups, and step 201 is performed for each group of modulation symbols.
  • the "multiple groups" here are, for example, 2 groups, 3 groups, 4 groups, or even more groups.
  • Fig. 2a is illustrated by taking 2 groups as an example.
  • Step 201 Perform discrete Fourier transform DFT on a plurality of modulation symbols.
  • DFT is also called “transform precoding or transform precoding or transform precoding (transform precoding). This step 201 is optional. If DFT is not performed, an OFDM signal is obtained; if DFT is performed, a DFT- s-OFDM signal. Each symbol after DFT may be called a sample, or a complex sample, or a complex symbol, etc.
  • the size of the DFT is related to the scheduling bandwidth.
  • the size of the DFT is the number of resource elements (resource elements, REs) scheduled by the terminal, and one RE corresponds to one subcarrier.
  • the scheduling unit is a resource block (resource block, RB), and one RB corresponds to 12 REs.
  • the size of the DFT may be determined according to the scheduling bandwidth; then, according to the size of the DFT, it is decided whether to divide the group of modulation symbols again.
  • the DFT size is the same as the number of modulation symbols included in the group, for example, a group includes 600 modulation symbols, and the DFT size is 600.
  • the 600 modulation symbols are first divided into several parts, and DFT is performed for each part, for example, divided into 3 groups, each part includes 200 modulation symbols, and the DFT is performed by taking the 200 modulation symbols as a whole.
  • step 202 perform precoding (precoding) on the modulation symbols after step 200 or the symbols after step 201. It can be precoding based on codebook transmission or precoding based on non-codebook transmission.
  • the terminal uses multiple precoding matrix candidates specified in the protocol to precode one or more sounding reference signals (SRSs), and then sends them to the network device.
  • SRS sounding reference signals
  • One or more SRS to probe the uplink channel.
  • the network device performs channel estimation based on one or more SRSs, determines a preferred precoding matrix from multiple precoding matrix candidates specified in the protocol, and indicates to the terminal the index of the preferred precoding matrix (transmitting precoding matrix index, TPMI). ), the terminal uses the precoding matrix indicated by the network device to precode the data during subsequent data transmission.
  • TPMI precoding matrix index
  • the terminal in the non-codebook-based transmission, the terminal itself determines multiple precoding matrix candidates, and uses the multiple precoding matrices determined by itself to precode multiple SRSs respectively.
  • the network device does not know multiple precoding matrix candidates on the terminal side, so the network device cannot indicate the index of the precoding matrix, but indicates the sounding reference signal resource index (SRI) to the terminal. Further, the terminal determines a precoding matrix according to the SRI indicated by the network device, and further, in subsequent data transmission, uses the precoding matrix indicated by the SRI to precode the data.
  • SRI sounding reference signal resource index
  • Step 203 Map the symbols after step 200, or the symbols after step 201, or the symbols after step 202, onto frequency domain resources. If the multiple modulation symbols obtained in step 200 are mapped to multiple groups, the corresponding frequency domain resources of the multiple groups are the same.
  • the frequency domain resource here is the bandwidth location where the terminal is scheduled.
  • the frequency domain resource mapping may specifically be subcarrier mapping.
  • Step 204 Perform inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) and add cyclic prefix (CP) operations on the frequency domain signal after the frequency domain resource mapping to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal or OFDM Signal; send the signal after a series of processing such as transmission power adjustment.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the DFT-s-OFDM signal or the OFDM signal may be sent on the corresponding antenna port or antenna.
  • Fig. 2b it is a processing procedure of the receiving end corresponding to the transmitting end shown in Fig. 2a.
  • the signal received by the antenna at the receiving end will also undergo a series of processing, such as FFT, frequency domain demapping, channel equalization (that is, reducing or even eliminating the influence of the spatial channel on the signal), inverse discrete Fourier transform IDFT (inverse DFT), demodulation, channel decoding, etc.
  • the receiving end is the inverse process of the sending end, and details are not repeated here.
  • signals can be transmitted through multiple layers, and signals can also be transmitted through a single layer.
  • one possible implementation is: one group corresponds to one layer, and multiple groups correspond to multiple layers; another possible implementation is: multiple groups correspond to one layer.
  • precoding matrices can be further divided into two categories: non-coherent precoding matrices and coherent precoding matrices. Referring to Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4 below, the number of elements included in a row is the number of layers, that is, the columns correspond to layers, and the number of columns is the number of layers; the number of elements included in a column is the number of antennas The number of ports, that is, the rows correspond to antenna ports, and the number of rows is the number of antenna ports.
  • Coherent precoding matrix for multi-antenna coherent transmission For a terminal with coherent transmission capability, it can be selected from all precoding matrices, while a terminal without coherent transmission capability can only select from non-coherent precoding matrices.
  • the terminal adopts the DFT-s-OFDM waveform to transmit data, only a single layer can be used for transmission.
  • the present application proposes a variety of ways to transmit DFT-s-OFDM signals using multiple layers, which can reduce PAPR.
  • One way is: phase-shift the signals in a part of the layers, and do not phase-shift the signals in another part of the layers.
  • Another way is to perform cyclic shift on the signals in a part of the layers in the time domain, and do not perform cyclic shift on the signals in the other part of the layers.
  • the technical solution of the present application can also support multi-stream coherent transmission. Compared with non-coherent transmission, coherent transmission has better matching for MIMO channels, and thus has better transmission performance.
  • Network equipment with equipment capable of providing random access functions for terminal equipment or a chip that can be provided in the equipment, the equipment includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller ( radio network controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission point) in wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be 5G, such as NR, gNB in the system, or transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of base stations in the 5G system (including multiple antenna panel), or, it can also be a network node that constitutes a gNB or a transmission point, such
  • Terminal equipment also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), terminal, etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • MT mobile terminal
  • the terminal device includes a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • the terminal device can be: mobile phone (mobile phone), tablet computer, notebook computer, PDA, mobile internet device (MID), wearable device, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) device, augmented reality (augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, and smart grids wireless terminal, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, or vehicle-to-vehicle (Vehicle-to-Vehicle, V2V) public wireless terminals, etc.
  • MID mobile internet device
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • wireless terminals in industrial control wireless terminals in self-driving
  • wireless terminals in remote medical surgery and smart grids wireless terminal, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, or vehicle-to-vehicle (Vehicle-to-Vehicle, V2V) public wireless terminals, etc.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • DFT-s-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform-Extended-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • DFT processing or transform precoding transform precoding
  • the time domain is converted to the frequency domain; then the frequency domain signal is subjected to OFDM modulation (ie, input to the IFFT module), so that the signal is combined together. Convert to time domain and send.
  • OFDM modulation ie, input to the IFFT module
  • the signal is returned from the frequency domain signal (traditional OFDM) to the time domain signal (same as the single carrier system). Since in this technology, the modulated signal waveform is similar to a single carrier, some people regard it as a single carrier technology, although it is evolved from the OFDM technology.
  • Table 1 Precoding matrix W for two-layer transmission using two antenna ports with transform precoding disabled (OFDM)
  • the precoding matrix with index 0 is a non-coherent precoding matrix
  • the precoding matrix with indices 1 and 2 is a (fully) coherent precoding matrix
  • Table 2 Precoding matrix W for two-layer transmission using four antenna ports with transform precoding disabled (OFDM).
  • the precoding matrices with indices from 0 to 5 are non-coherent precoding matrices
  • the precoding matrices with indices from 6 to 13 are partial coherent precoding matrices, with indices from 14 to 13.
  • the precoding matrix of 21 is a (fully) coherent precoding matrix.
  • Table 3 Precoding matrix W for three-layer transmission using four antenna ports with transform precoding disabled (OFDM).
  • the precoding matrix with index 0 is a non-coherent (non-coherent) precoding matrix
  • the precoding matrix with index 1 to 2 is a partial coherent (partial coherent) precoding matrix
  • the index is 3 to 6.
  • the precoding matrix is a (fully) coherent precoding matrix.
  • Table 4 Precoding matrix W for four-layer transmission using four antenna ports with transform precoding disabled (OFDM).
  • the precoding matrix with index 0 is a non-coherent precoding matrix
  • the precoding matrix with index 1 to 2 is a partial coherent precoding matrix
  • the precoding matrix with index 3 to 4 The precoding matrix is a (fully) coherent precoding matrix.
  • peak to average power ratio peak to average power ratio
  • Peak-to-average power ratio PAPR referred to as peak-to-average ratio. It can refer to the ratio of the instantaneous peak power of a continuous signal to the average value of the signal power within a symbol. It can be expressed by the following formula:
  • x i represents the time-domain discrete value of a set of sequences
  • 2 represents the maximum value of the square of the time-domain discrete value
  • 2 represents the average value of the time-domain discrete value square.
  • the OFDM symbol is formed by superimposing multiple independently modulated sub-carrier signals.
  • the phases of each sub-carrier are the same or similar, the superimposed signal will be modulated by the same initial phase signal, resulting in a large instantaneous power peak. This results in a higher PAPR.
  • High PAPR will lead to nonlinear distortion of the signal, resulting in significant spectrum spread interference and in-band signal distortion, reducing system performance.
  • FIG. 3a a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting a signal is provided; the method can be applied to codebook transmission or non-codebook transmission.
  • the sender in this example may be the network device in FIG. 1 or the terminal in FIG. 1 .
  • Step 300 Perform channel coding on the transport block to obtain coded bits; then modulate the bits to obtain a plurality of modulated symbols, which may be called modulation symbols, and modulation symbols are also known as modulation symbols. may be called complex symbols.
  • modulation symbols are also known as modulation symbols.
  • complex symbols may be called modulation symbols.
  • Step 301 The transmitting end maps multiple modulation symbols to multiple layers, and obtains the mapped modulation symbols corresponding to each layer.
  • Multilayer here is, for example, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4 layers, or even more layers.
  • one or more consecutive modulation symbols are mapped to a layer.
  • the modulation symbols are mapped to 3 layers: a, b, and c
  • the first 600 modulation symbols are mapped to a layer a
  • the middle 600 modulation symbols are mapped to a layer b
  • the last 600 modulation symbols are mapped to a layer b.
  • modulation symbols are mapped to a layer c.
  • a modulation symbol is mapped to three layers a, b, and c
  • the first modulation symbol is mapped to layer a
  • the second modulation symbol is mapped to layer b
  • the third modulation symbol is mapped to layer c
  • the 3i+1st modulation symbol is mapped to layer a
  • the 3i+2th modulation symbol is mapped to layer b
  • the 3i+3rd modulation symbol is mapped to layer c
  • i is greater than or equal to 0.
  • This kind of mapping can be called comb mapping.
  • two or more consecutive modulation symbols are grouped together, and comb mapping is performed on each group.
  • a group of 2 modulation symbols is mapped to 2 layers: a and b, then the 4i+1 and 4i+2 modulation symbols are mapped to layer a, and the 4i+3 and 4i+ 4 modulation symbols are mapped to layer b.
  • mapping manner for mapping modulation symbols to layers there is no limitation on the mapping manner for mapping modulation symbols to layers.
  • the multi-layer is divided into two parts, one part of the layer is similar to the steps performed in Fig. 2a, and the other part of the layer needs to perform one more operation: phase shift.
  • a part of the layers will be referred to as the first layer, and the remaining part of the layers will be referred to as the second layer.
  • the difference between the first layer and the second layer is that the modulation symbols mapped to the second layer are phase-shifted; the modulation symbols mapped to the first layer are not phase-shifted relative to the modulation symbols mapped to the second layer.
  • the first layer is one or more
  • the second layer is one or more.
  • the first layer is 1, and the second layer is also 1.
  • one example is: one for the first layer and two for the second layer; another example is: two for the first layer and one for the second layer.
  • step 302a The modulation symbol mapped to the first layer performs step 302a:
  • Step 302a The transmitting end performs discrete Fourier transform DFT (ie, transform precoding) on the modulation symbols mapped to each first layer, respectively, to obtain the first symbol.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the process of step 302a is the same as the process of step 201 in FIG. 2a, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • the first symbol may be represented by Formula 1, Formula 2, or Formula 3 below.
  • the first symbol is a symbol after DFT, which may be called a sample, a complex number sample, or a complex number symbol, or the like.
  • step 302b The modulation symbol mapped to the second layer performs step 302b:
  • Step 302b The transmitting end performs discrete Fourier transform DFT (ie, transform precoding) and phase offset on each modulation symbol of the second layer, respectively, to obtain a second symbol.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • phase offset is not limited.
  • the DFT process of step 302b is the same as the process of step 201 in FIG. 2a, and the repetition is not repeated. The specific process of the phase shift will be described in detail later.
  • the second symbol may be referred to as a sample, or a complex sample, or a complex symbol, or the like.
  • Step 303 The transmitting end performs first processing on the first symbol obtained in step 302a and the second symbol obtained in step 302b to obtain a DFT-S-OFDM signal, and transmits; wherein, the first processing includes but is not limited to the following one: Item or more:
  • Resource mapping eg, frequency domain resource mapping, specifically, subcarrier mapping
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • step 303 is the same as the process of step 202 to step 204 in FIG. 2a , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • PAPR can be reduced by phase-shifting the symbols of a portion of layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups).
  • step 301 can also be replaced with “map to multiple streams”, and correspondingly, "layers” mentioned in steps 302a, 302b and 303 can be replaced with “streams” ”, that is, the modulation symbols mapped to each stream are processed.
  • step 301 may also be replaced with "map to multiple antenna ports”, and correspondingly, "layers” mentioned in steps 302a, 302b, and 303 may be replaced with "Antenna ports", that is, the modulation symbols mapped to each antenna port are processed.
  • the antenna port here can be a physical antenna port or a logical antenna port.
  • step 301 can also be replaced with "map to multiple groups”, and correspondingly, "layers” mentioned in steps 302a, 302b and 303 can be replaced with " group", that is, the modulation symbols mapped to each group are processed.
  • one group may correspond to one layer, and multiple groups correspond to multiple layers, and this example is equivalent to the example of FIG. 3a.
  • one group may correspond to multiple layers, for example, two groups correspond to one layer, and three groups correspond to one layer.
  • some groups may correspond to one layer, and another group may correspond to multiple layers, for example, group 1 corresponds to one layer, group 2 corresponds to two layers, or even one group corresponds to more layers.
  • group 1 corresponds to one layer
  • group 2 corresponds to two layers
  • one group corresponds to more layers.
  • the groups of the shifts of the multiple layers corresponding to the group are the same.
  • the group-based phase offset is beneficial to simplify the implementation complexity of the transmitter or receiver.
  • the phases of the shifts of the plurality of layers corresponding to the group may be different. The scheme is more flexible, resulting in better performance gain.
  • multiple groups may correspond to one layer, for example, group 1 corresponds to one layer, groups 2 and 3 correspond to one layer, and even more groups correspond to one layer.
  • group 1 corresponds to one layer
  • groups 2 and 3 correspond to one layer
  • even more groups correspond to one layer.
  • the phase shift is performed for one layer as a whole
  • the phases of the shifts of the plurality of groups corresponding to the layer are the same.
  • the group-based phase offset is beneficial to simplify the implementation complexity of the transmitter or receiver.
  • multiple symbols (or complex symbols) that are processed together are also referred to as symbol blocks; for example, multiple modulation symbols before discrete Fourier transform are also referred to as modulation symbol blocks and complex modulation symbol blocks; Another example is a plurality of symbols after discrete Fourier transform, which is also called a symbol block.
  • symbol blocks multiple symbols (or complex symbols) that are processed together
  • modulation symbol blocks multiple modulation symbols before discrete Fourier transform
  • modulation symbol blocks multiple modulation symbols before discrete Fourier transform
  • Another example is a plurality of symbols after discrete Fourier transform, which is also called a symbol block.
  • the symbol For each symbol (if the DFT is performed first, and then the phase shift is performed, the symbol is the symbol after DFT; if the phase shift is performed first, and then the DFT is performed, the symbol is a modulation symbol), the symbol is phase-shifted.
  • offset it can be a fixed phase.
  • the phase of the offset is determined flexibly.
  • the phase of the offset is related to a first parameter, and the first parameter includes but is not limited to one or more of the following:
  • layer index antenna port index, stream index, group index, symbol index, subcarrier index, size of DFT, number of modulation symbols, total number of layers, total number of antenna ports, total number of streams, total number of groups, Modulation order, number of modulation constellation symbols.
  • the layer index refers to the index of the layer to which the symbol is mapped.
  • the antenna port index refers to the index of the antenna port to which the symbol is mapped.
  • the stream index refers to the index of the stream to which the symbol is mapped.
  • the group index refers to: the index of the group to which the symbol is mapped; when a group corresponds to a layer, the group index can be regarded as a layer index; when a group corresponds to an antenna port, the group index can be regarded as an antenna port index; When a group corresponds to a stream, the group index can be regarded as a stream index.
  • the symbol index refers to: the symbol (if the DFT is performed first, and then the phase shift is performed, the symbol is the symbol after DFT; if the phase shift is performed first, and then the DFT is performed, the symbol is the modulation symbol) in the symbol mapped to
  • the index in the layer layer can be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group). Taking layers as an example to illustrate: for example, the number of modulation symbols in step 301 is 1800, 1800 modulation symbols are mapped to 3 layers, and one layer is mapped to 600 modulation symbols, then the index of the symbol is the symbol in these 600 symbols. , not the index in 1800 symbols.
  • the subcarrier index refers to: a layer (the layer can be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group) is configured with a part of the subcarriers in the scheduling bandwidth, and the subcarrier to which the symbol is mapped is in this layer (the layer can be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group). ) subcarrier index in the configured subcarrier (a part of the scheduling bandwidth), instead of the subcarrier index of all layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups) as a whole.
  • a subcarrier can also be understood as a resource element (resource element, RE).
  • the size of the DFT refers to the size of the DFT corresponding to the layer to which the symbol is mapped (the layer may be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group). Generally, the size of the DFT corresponding to different layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups) are the same, but can also be different. In step 201 of Fig. 2a, it is introduced that the size of the DFT is related to the scheduling bandwidth. For example, the size of the DFT is the number of resource elements (REs) scheduled by the terminal, and one RE corresponds to one subcarrier.
  • the symbols mapped to one layer can be DFT as a whole, for example, if one layer maps 600 modulation symbols, the size of DFT is 600.
  • the number of modulation symbols refers to the total number of modulation symbols included in the layer (layer may be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group) to which the symbol is mapped. Taking layers as an example to illustrate: for example, the number of modulation symbols in step 301 is 1800, 1800 modulation symbols are mapped to 3 layers, and one layer is mapped to 600 modulation symbols, then the number of modulation symbols is 600.
  • the modulation order is related to the modulation method. For example, when the modulation method is quadrature phase keying QPSK or 4-QAM, the modulation order is 2. For another example, when the modulation method is BPSK or pi/2-BPSK, the modulation order The number is 1.
  • the modulation order can also be represented by the number of modulation constellation symbols (or, the size of the set of modulation symbols).
  • the modulation order is O
  • step 301 step 302a, step 302b and step 303, "layer”, or “stream”, or “antenna port”, or “group” is used, and the first parameter referenced by the phase offset is related to Parameters for "layers", or “antenna ports", or “streams", or “groups” are decoupled.
  • Parameters related to "layer” such as layer index, total number of layers
  • parameters related to "antenna port” such as antenna port index, total number of antenna ports
  • parameters related to "stream” such as stream index, total number of streams, related to " group” parameters such as group index, total number of groups.
  • the first parameter when multiple modulation symbols are mapped to multiple layers, the first parameter may include a layer index and a total number of layers; alternatively, the first parameter may include a stream index and a total number of layers; still alternatively, the first parameter may include an antenna port index and The total number of streams.
  • the shifted phase may include the first phase and/or the second phase.
  • the first phase is:
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • the minimum value of j and m is the same.
  • R is the size of the DFT, or the modulation
  • n is a symbol index, or a subcarrier index
  • m is a layer index, or an antenna port index, or a stream index, or a group index, usually m starts from 0
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, for example, M is the total number of layers, or the total number of antenna ports, or the total number of streams, or the total number of groups.
  • the first phase is:
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • the minimum value of j and m is the same.
  • R is the size of the DFT, or the modulation
  • n is a symbol index, or a subcarrier index
  • m is a layer index, or an antenna port index, or a stream index, or a group index, usually m starts from 0
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, for example, M is the total number of layers, or the total number of antenna ports, or the total number of streams, or the total number of groups
  • the second phase is:
  • j is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • y m (n) is the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the stream, or the group, The symbol with index n (ie the first symbol).
  • This example may be applicable to scenarios where more modulation symbols are continuously mapped to multiple layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups).
  • Layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups.
  • the layer as an example to illustrate: for example, there are 1800 modulation symbols, when the modulation symbols are mapped to three layers a, b, and c, the first 600 modulation symbols are mapped to a layer a, and the middle 600 modulation symbols are mapped to a layer b, the last 600 modulation symbols are mapped to a layer c.
  • This example can be applied to scenarios where modulation symbols are comb-mapped to multiple layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups).
  • r is the index of the modulation symbol
  • R is the size of the DFT, or the number of modulation symbols
  • x m, r represents the modulation symbol mapped to the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the stream, or the modulation symbol in the group with index r
  • n is the symbol index, or the index of the subcarrier, whether it is the first symbol, the symbol after DFT, or the modulation symbol, the value of the index
  • x m, r are modulation symbols.
  • Case 1.5 a part of the second layer is offset from the first phase, and another part of the second layer is offset from the first phase and the second phase;
  • a part of the second layer is offset from the first phase
  • a part of the second layer is offset from the second phase
  • another part of the second layer is offset from the first phase and the second phase.
  • phase offset Combined with the above-mentioned 7 cases of phase offset, and the first phase can be represented by two formulas, and the values of different first parameters are different, etc., these details are combined to obtain the phase offset. There are many examples, which are all within the protection scope of the present application, and will not be listed one by one.
  • the protocol may specify the phase of the offset.
  • the phase of the offset can also be negotiated between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the transmitting end determines the offset phase, and notifies the receiving end of the offset phase, or informs the receiving end of the manner in which the offset phase is determined.
  • the receiving end determines the offset phase, and notifies the transmitting end of the offset phase, or informs the transmitting end how to determine the offset phase.
  • the sending end here may be a terminal or a network device, and the receiving end may also be a terminal or a network device.
  • the transmitting end may only perform phase shift on the data, and the demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference signal, DMRS) may not perform phase shift.
  • the transmitting end (for example, a terminal) may adopt a phase offset for the data, and also perform a phase offset for the DMRS, and the phase of the DMRS offset and the phase of the data offset may be the same or different.
  • FIG. 3a describes a process of transmitting a signal applied to the sending end.
  • FIG. 3b a processing process at the receiving end corresponding to the sending end in FIG. 3a is introduced.
  • the signal received by the antenna at the receiving end will also undergo a series of processing.
  • the signals of a part of the layers undergo the following processing: such as FFT, frequency domain demapping, channel equalization (that is, to reduce or even eliminate the influence of spatial channels on the signal), inverse discrete Fourier transform IDFT , demodulation, channel decoding, etc.
  • the sequence of inverse phase shift, inverse phase shift and inverse discrete Fourier transform IDFT is also performed. No restrictions apply.
  • the receiving end is the inverse process of the sending end, and details are not repeated here.
  • the abscissa is the PAPR, and the ordinate is the cumulative distribution function (CDF).
  • the PAPR of the OFDM waveform transmission signal is close to 9.7dB.
  • the PAPR is close to 6.5dB.
  • the PAPR is close to 7.6dB.
  • the PAPR can be reduced in the non-coherent transmission mode compared to the coherent transmission mode.
  • the phase offset can reduce the PAPR.
  • FIG. 5 a schematic diagram of a process of transmitting a signal is introduced again; in the example of FIG. 3 a , the symbols are phase shifted, and in the example of FIG. 5 , the symbols are cyclically shifted.
  • the method of FIG. 5 can be applied to codebook transmission or non-codebook transmission.
  • the sender in this example may be the network device in FIG. 1 or the terminal in FIG. 1 .
  • Step 500 Perform channel coding on the transport block to obtain coded bits; then modulate the bits to obtain a plurality of modulated symbols, which may be called modulation symbols, and modulation symbols are also known as modulation symbols. may be called complex symbols.
  • modulation symbols are also known as modulation symbols.
  • modulation symbols may be called complex symbols.
  • the specific process is the same as that of step 200, and repeated descriptions are not repeated.
  • Step 501 The transmitting end maps multiple modulation symbols to multiple layers to obtain the mapped modulation symbols corresponding to each layer.
  • a part of the layers will be referred to as a first layer, and another part of the layers will be referred to as a second layer.
  • the process of step 501 is the same as the process of step 301, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • Step 502 The transmitting end performs discrete Fourier transform DFT (ie, transform precoding) on the modulation symbols mapped to each layer, respectively, to obtain a third symbol.
  • the third symbol is a symbol after DFT, which may be called a sample, a complex number sample, or a complex number symbol, or the like.
  • the process of step 502 is the same as the process of step 201 in FIG. 2a , and repeated descriptions are omitted.
  • the third symbol may be represented by Formula 1, Formula 2, or Formula 3 in the embodiment of FIG. 3a.
  • Step 503 The transmitting end performs resource mapping on the third symbol of each layer, and performs inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT to obtain the fourth symbol.
  • the fourth symbol may be referred to as a sample, or a complex sample, or a complex symbol, or the like.
  • Step 503a The transmitting end performs cyclic shift on the fourth symbol of the second layer to obtain the fifth symbol.
  • the fourth symbol of the first layer is not cyclically shifted. The specific process of the cyclic shift will be described in detail later.
  • the fourth symbol may be referred to as a sample, or a complex sample, or a complex symbol, or the like.
  • Step 504 The transmitting end precodes the fourth symbol of the first layer obtained in step 503 and the fifth symbol of the second layer obtained in step 503a to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal.
  • cyclic prefix CP, power adjustment, transmission, etc. may also be added to the symbols.
  • the process of step 503 and step 504 is the same as the process of step 202 to step 204 in FIG. 2a , and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • the precoding operation can also be performed before the cyclic shift, or before the resource mapping, the inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT, or the addition of the cyclic prefix CP.
  • PAPR By cyclically shifting the symbols of a portion of layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups), PAPR can be reduced.
  • layers can be replaced by streams or antenna ports or groups.
  • step 501 can also be replaced with “map to multiple streams”, and correspondingly, the "layers” mentioned in steps 502, 503, 503a, and 504 can be replaced For "streams", that is, the modulation symbols mapped to each stream are processed.
  • step 501 can also be replaced with “mapping to multiple antenna ports”, and correspondingly, the "layers” mentioned in steps 502, 503, 503a, and 504 can all be Replaced with "antenna port", that is, the modulation symbols mapped to each antenna port are processed.
  • the antenna port here can be a physical antenna port or a logical antenna port.
  • step 501 can also be replaced with "map to multiple groups”, and correspondingly, the "layers” mentioned in steps 502, 503, 503a, and 504 can be replaced For "groups”, that is, the modulation symbols mapped to each group are processed.
  • one group may correspond to one layer, and multiple groups correspond to multiple layers. This example is equivalent to the example in FIG. 5 .
  • one group may correspond to multiple layers, for example, two groups correspond to one layer, and three groups correspond to one layer.
  • some groups may correspond to one layer, and another group may correspond to multiple layers, for example, group 1 corresponds to one layer, group 2 corresponds to two layers, or even one group corresponds to more layers.
  • group 1 corresponds to one layer
  • group 2 corresponds to two layers
  • one group corresponds to more layers.
  • the groups of the shifts of the multiple layers corresponding to the group are the same.
  • the group-based phase offset is beneficial to simplify the implementation complexity of the transmitter or receiver.
  • the phases of the shifts of the plurality of layers corresponding to the group may be different. The scheme is more flexible, resulting in better performance gain.
  • multiple groups may correspond to one layer, for example, group 1 corresponds to one layer, groups 2 and 3 correspond to one layer, and even more groups correspond to one layer.
  • group 1 corresponds to one layer
  • groups 2 and 3 correspond to one layer
  • even more groups correspond to one layer.
  • the phase shift is performed for one layer as a whole
  • the phases of the shifts of the plurality of groups corresponding to the layer are the same.
  • the group-based phase offset is beneficial to simplify the implementation complexity of the transmitter or receiver.
  • step 503a the "cyclic shift" in step 503a will be introduced in detail:
  • each symbol when the symbol is cyclically shifted, it can be a fixed phase.
  • the value of the cyclic shift is determined flexibly.
  • the value of the cyclic shift is related to a second parameter, and the second parameter includes but is not limited to one or more of the following:
  • the layer index refers to the index of the layer to which the symbol is mapped.
  • the antenna port index refers to the index of the antenna port to which the symbol is mapped.
  • the stream index refers to the index of the stream to which the symbol is mapped.
  • the group index refers to: the index of the group to which the symbol is mapped; when a group corresponds to a layer, the group index can be regarded as a layer index; when a group corresponds to an antenna port, the group index can be regarded as an antenna port index; When a group corresponds to a stream, the group index can be regarded as a stream index.
  • the size of the DFT refers to the size of the DFT corresponding to the layer to which the symbol is mapped (the layer may be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group). Generally, the size of the DFT corresponding to different layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups) are the same, but can also be different. In step 201 of FIG. 2a, it is introduced that the size of the DFT is related to the scheduling bandwidth. For example, the size of the DFT is the number of resource elements (REs) scheduled by the terminal, and one RE corresponds to one subcarrier.
  • the symbols mapped to one layer can be DFT as a whole, for example, if one layer maps 600 modulation symbols, the size of DFT is 600.
  • the number of modulation symbols refers to the total number of modulation symbols included in the layer (layer may be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group) to which the symbol is mapped. Taking layers as an example to illustrate: for example, the number of modulation symbols in step 301 is 1800, 1800 modulation symbols are mapped to 3 layers, and one layer is mapped to 600 modulation symbols, then the number of modulation symbols is 600.
  • the size of the IFFT refers to the size of the IFFT corresponding to the layer to which the symbol is mapped (the layer may be replaced by an antenna port or stream or group). Generally, the size of the IFFT corresponding to different layers (layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups) are the same, but they can also be different.
  • the number of subcarriers refers to the number of resource element REs in the scheduling bandwidth (ie, the number of subcarriers).
  • step 501, step 502, step 503, step 503a, step 504 use "layer”, or “stream”, or “antenna port”, or “group”, and the phase offset referenced by the first
  • the parameters are parameters for "layers”, or parameters for "antenna ports", or parameters for “streams”, or parameters for “groups” are decoupled.
  • Parameters related to "layer” such as layer index, total number of layers
  • parameters related to "antenna port” such as antenna port index, total number of antenna ports
  • parameters related to "stream” such as stream index, total number of streams, related to " group” parameters such as group index, total number of groups.
  • the second parameter may include a layer index and a total number of layers, the second parameter may also include a stream index and a total number of layers, and the second parameter may also include an antenna port index and a stream total number of .
  • the first value of the cyclic shift is:
  • the rounding is: rounding down, or rounding up, or rounding to an integer;
  • R is the size of the DFT, or the number of modulation symbols
  • m is the layer index, or the antenna port index, or the stream index, or the group index
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, for example, M is the total number of layers , or the total number of antenna ports, or the total number of streams, or the total number of groups
  • N is the size of the IFFT, or the number of sub-carriers
  • c is an arbitrary value, for example, where k is an integer, for example, the absolute value of k is equal to or less than
  • the second value of the cyclic shift is:
  • R is the size of the DFT, or the number of modulation symbols
  • m is the layer index, or the antenna port index, or the stream index, or the group index
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 2, for example, M is the total number of layers , or the total number of antenna ports, or the total number of streams, or the total number of groups
  • c is an arbitrary value, for example, where k is an integer, for example, the absolute value of k is equal to or less than
  • z m (p) is the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the stream, or the symbol with index p in the group (that is, the fourth symbol);
  • y m (n) is the above formula 1 or formula 2 or y m (n) introduced in formula 3;
  • R is the size of the DFT, or the number of modulation symbols;
  • N is the size of the IFFT, or the number of sub-carriers;
  • n 0 is the initial sub-carrier index that the terminal is scheduled to;
  • p 0, 1, 2..., N-1;
  • n is The index of the subcarrier
  • R is the number of scheduled frequency domain resources, for example, the size of the DFT is the number of resource elements (resource elements, REs) scheduled by the terminal, and one RE corresponds to one subcarrier.
  • the above example can be applied to signals in the discrete time domain.
  • z m (t) is the layer with index m, or the antenna port, or the stream, or the symbol with index t in the group (that is, the fourth symbol) (the symbol can also be called a signal);
  • y m (n) That is, y m (n) introduced in the above formula 1 or formula 2 or formula 3;
  • R is the size of the DFT, or the number of modulation symbols or the number of scheduled frequency-domain resources;
  • N is the size of the IFFT, or the number of subcarriers;
  • n 0 is the initial subcarrier index that the terminal is scheduled to;
  • p 0, 1, 2...
  • the above example can be applied to signals in the continuous time domain.
  • the protocol may specify the value of the cyclic shift.
  • the value of the cyclic shift can also be negotiated between the sender and the receiver.
  • the transmitting end determines the value of the cyclic shift, and notifies the receiving end of the value of the cyclic shift, or informs the receiving end of the manner in which the value of the cyclic shift is determined.
  • the receiving end determines the value of the cyclic shift, and notifies the sending end of the value of the cyclic shift, or informs the sending end of the manner in which the value of the cyclic shift is determined.
  • the sending end here may be a terminal or a network device, and the receiving end may also be a terminal or a network device.
  • the transmitting end may only perform cyclic shifting on data, but the DMRS does not perform cyclic shifting.
  • the transmitting end for example, a terminal
  • the symbols of a part of the layers can also be phase-shifted.
  • the phase-shift process is performed after mapping to multiple layers in step 502 and before precoding in step 504 That's it.
  • a part of the layers to be phase shifted and a part of the layers to be cyclically shifted may be the same layer or different layers.
  • the fifth symbol is phase-shifted.
  • step 502 after mapping to multiple layers in step 501 (the layers can be replaced by antenna ports or streams or groups), and before the DFT in step 502, the modulation symbols of a part of the layers are phase-shifted. Then, in step 502, when performing DFT, DFT is performed on the phase-shifted symbols of a part of the layers and the modulation symbols of the remaining part of the layers.
  • step 503 after the DFT in step 502, before performing resource mapping and inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT in step 503, phase-shift is performed on the third symbols of a part of the layers. Then in step 503, when performing resource mapping and inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT, it is to perform resource mapping, inverse fast Fourier on the symbols of a part of the layers after the phase shift and the third symbols of the remaining part of the layers.
  • Leaf Transform IFFT when performing resource mapping and inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT, it is to perform resource mapping, inverse fast Fourier on the symbols of a part of the layers after the phase shift and the third symbols of the remaining part of the layers.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset may be a fixed value.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset may refer to the first parameter in the example of FIG. 3a.
  • the offset phase may be the second phase in the example of FIG. 3 a , and the details may refer to the above description, which will not be repeated.
  • the cyclic shift of Fig. 5 can be regarded as equivalent to the example of shifting the first phase in Fig. 3a.
  • FIG. 5 describes the process of transmitting signals applied to the transmitting end.
  • the processing process of the receiving end corresponding to the transmitting end in FIG. 5 may be the same as the processing process of the receiving end introduced in FIG.
  • the transmitting end may first determine whether to perform single-carrier (ie DFT-s-OFDM) multi-stream coherent transmission, and if single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission is performed, these methods may be performed again, if Instead of single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission, the signal can be transmitted according to the method of the prior art.
  • single-carrier ie DFT-s-OFDM
  • the terminal may determine whether to perform single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission according to the indication of the network device and/or the precoding matrix. Alternatively, the terminal determines whether to perform at least one of the following on the data of the partial stream according to the determined precoding matrix: a first phase offset, a second phase offset, and a first cyclic shift.
  • the network device may display and indicate whether the terminal performs single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission. For example, the network device indicates whether the terminal performs single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission through 1 bit. For example, when this 1 bit is 0, it indicates that single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission is performed. For coherent transmission, when this 1 bit is 1, it means that single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission is not performed.
  • the network device may implicitly indicate whether the terminal performs single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission. For example, the network device indicates to the terminal whether to perform single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission by indicating a precoding matrix to the terminal. That is, the network device indicates to the terminal whether the terminal performs at least one of the following on the data of the partial stream during transmission by indicating the precoding matrix to the terminal: a first phase offset, a second phase offset, and a first cyclic shift.
  • the terminal when the precoding matrix indicated by the network device is a non-coherent precoding matrix (for example, the precoding matrix whose index is 0 in Table 1, and the precoding moments whose indexes are 0 to 5 in Table 2), the terminal does not perform single-carrier multiplexing. Stream coherent transmission.
  • the precoding matrix indicated by the network device is a coherent precoding matrix (the coherent precoding matrix can be a fully coherent precoding matrix, or a partial coherent precoding matrix and a fully coherent precoding matrix, for example, the indices in Table 1 are 1 and 2
  • the terminal performs single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission when the precoding matrix is 14 to 21 in Table 2, for example.
  • the terminal can determine whether to perform single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission.
  • Step 600 The terminal accesses the network device and establishes a connection relationship with the network device. For this process, reference may be made to the existing access process, and details are not repeated here.
  • Step 601 The terminal reports to the network device whether the terminal has the capability of single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission.
  • the terminal may display through one field indicating whether the terminal has the capability of single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission, or the terminal may implicitly indicate whether the terminal has the capability of single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission through one or more fields. For example, when the terminal has single-carrier (DFT-s-OFDM) transmission, and the terminal supports OFDM uplink multi-stream coherent transmission, the default terminal has the capability of single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission.
  • DFT-s-OFDM single-carrier
  • OFDM OFDM uplink multi-stream coherent transmission
  • the network device also needs to have single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission, that is, the network device has the relevant inverse processing capability.
  • the network device may send indication information to the terminal, indicating whether the network device has the capability of single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission.
  • the indication information can be carried in system information, or radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) messages, medium access control-control element (medium access control-control element, MAC-CE) messages, downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI) in any one or more signaling.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC-CE medium access control-control element
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the network device notifies the terminal, and the sequence in which the terminal notifies the network device is not limited.
  • a terminal or network device When a terminal or network device supports the capability of multi-stream coherent transmission, it must indicate the capability of multi-stream non-coherent transmission.
  • Step 602 The terminal may further report some auxiliary information to the network device for adoption by the network device during scheduling.
  • Ancillary information may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following:
  • PHR Power headroom
  • RI rank indicator
  • CQI channel quality indicator
  • Step 603 The network device generates scheduling information and delivers it to the terminal.
  • Scheduling information may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following:
  • Single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission indication information Single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission indication information, waveform selection (whether there is transform precoding, DFT-s-OFDM or OFDM), transmitting codebook index (transmitting precoding matrix index, TPMI), number of layers, modulation coding strategy (modulation coding strategy) coding scheme, MCS), sounding reference signal resource index (sounding reference signal resource index, SRI), time resource allocation, frequency domain resource allocation, etc.
  • the SRI can be applied to the uplink non-codebook transmission NCB, and the terminal can determine the precoding matrix according to the SRI.
  • the transmitted codebook index TPMI may be applied to codebook CB transmission, and the terminal may determine a precoding matrix according to the TPMI.
  • the precoding matrix includes a coherent precoding matrix and a non-coherent precoding matrix, and the network device implicitly instructs the terminal whether to perform single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission by indicating the precoding matrix to the terminal.
  • the scheduling information in step 603 may be determined by the network device according to the information reported in step 601 and/or step 602 . For example, if the terminal supports uplink single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission, the network device may schedule a precoding matrix indicating coherent transmission, or schedule a single-carrier multi-stream non-coherent transmission.
  • the network device may instruct the uplink single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission.
  • Step 604 According to the scheduling information, the terminal uses single-carrier multi-stream coherent transmission to transmit uplink signals.
  • the example of FIG. 3a or the example of FIG. 5 may be used to transmit the uplink signal, that is, the terminal is the example of FIG. 3a or the transmitter of the example of FIG. 5 .
  • the embodiments of the present application may divide the device into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples. For example, each function may be divided into each functional module, or two or more functions may be integrated into one module. These modules can be implemented either in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and other division methods may be used in specific implementation.
  • FIG. 7 a schematic structural diagram of a device 700 for transmitting signals (the device for transmitting signals can also be regarded as a communication device) is provided.
  • the device 700 can be a transmitter or an application Chip or functional unit in the sender.
  • the apparatus 700 has any function of the transmitting end in the above method. For example, the apparatus 700 can perform each step performed by the transmitting end in the methods of FIG. 2a , FIG. 3a , FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .
  • the apparatus 700 may include: a processing module 710, and optionally, a receiving module 720a, a sending module 720b, and a storage module 730.
  • the processing module 710 may be connected to the storage module 730, the receiving module 720a, and the sending module 720b, respectively, and the storage module 730 may also be connected to the receiving module 720a and the sending module 720b.
  • the receiving module 720a may perform the receiving actions performed by the sending end in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the sending module 720b may perform the sending action performed by the sending end in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing module 710 may perform other actions except the sending action and the receiving action among the actions performed by the sending end in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing module 710 is configured to map a plurality of modulation symbols to multiple layers; perform discrete Fourier transform DFT on the modulation symbols of a part of the layers to obtain a first symbol, and perform a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the modulation symbols of a part of the layers to obtain a first symbol, and perform a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the modulation symbols of a part of the layers; Perform discrete Fourier transform DFT and phase offset to obtain a second symbol; respectively perform first processing on the first symbol and the second symbol to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal; a sending module 720b is configured to send the DFT -s-OFDM signal.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset is related to a first parameter; the first parameter includes one or more of the following: layer index, antenna port index, stream index, symbol index, subcarrier index, DFT size, modulation Number of symbols, total number of layers, total number of antenna ports, total number of streams, modulation order, number of modulation constellation symbols.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset may be the first phase and/or the second phase described above.
  • the processing module 710 is configured to map a plurality of modulation symbols to multiple layers; perform discrete Fourier transform DFT on the modulation symbols of each layer to obtain the third symbol of each layer; Perform frequency domain resource mapping and inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT on the third symbol to obtain the fourth symbol of each layer; perform cyclic shift on the fourth symbol of a part of the layers to obtain the first symbol of each layer in the part of the layers Five symbols; precoding the fifth symbol in the first part and the fourth symbol in the remaining part of the layer to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM signal; a sending module 720b, configured to send the DFT-s-OFDM Signal.
  • the value of the cyclic shift is related to a second parameter, which includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: layer index, antenna port index, stream index, DFT size, the number of modulation symbols, the total number of layers number, total number of antenna ports, total number of streams, size of IFFT, number of subcarriers, subcarrier spacing.
  • the value of the cyclic shift may be the first value or the second value described above.
  • the processing module 710 may also be configured to perform phase shift on the symbols of a part of the layers.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset is related to a first parameter; the first parameter includes one or more of the following: layer index, antenna port index, stream index, symbol index, subcarrier index, DFT size, modulation Number of symbols, total number of layers, total number of antenna ports, total number of streams, modulation order, number of modulation constellation symbols.
  • the phase shifted by the phase offset may be the second phase described above.
  • the storage module 730 may store computer-executed instructions for the method executed by the sender, so that the processing module 710, the receiver module 720a, and the sender module 720b execute the method executed by the sender in the above example.
  • the above-mentioned receiving module 720a and transmitting module 720b can also be integrated together, which is defined as a transceiver module.
  • the storage module may include one or more memories, and the memories may be devices in one or more devices or circuits for storing programs or data.
  • the storage module can be a register, cache or RAM, etc., and the storage module can be integrated with the processing module.
  • the storage module can be a ROM or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, and the storage module can be independent of the processing module.
  • the transceiver module may be an input or output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the device can be implemented by a general bus architecture.
  • FIG. 8 a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting a signal (the apparatus for transmitting a signal may also be regarded as a communication apparatus) 800 is provided.
  • the apparatus 800 may be a transmitting end, or may be a chip applied in the transmitting end. It should be understood that the apparatus has any function of the sending end in the above method.
  • the apparatus 800 can perform each step performed by the sending end in the methods of FIG. 2a , FIG. 3a , FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .
  • the apparatus 800 may include: a processor 810 , and optionally, a transceiver 820 and a memory 830 .
  • the transceiver 820 may be used to receive programs or instructions and transmit them to the processor 810, or the transceiver 820 may be used for the apparatus 800 to communicate and interact with other communication devices, such as interactive control signaling and/or services data etc.
  • the transceiver 820 may be a code and/or data read/write transceiver, or the transceiver 820 may be a signal transmission transceiver between the processor and the transceiver.
  • the processor 810 and the memory 830 are electrically coupled.
  • the memory 830 is used to store a computer program; the processor 810 can be used to call the computer program or instruction stored in the memory 830 to execute the method executed by the sender in the above example, or to use the
  • the transceiver 820 performs the method performed by the transmitter in the above example.
  • the processing module 710 in FIG. 7 can be implemented by the processor 810 .
  • the receiving module 720a and the transmitting module 720b in FIG. 7 can be implemented by the transceiver 820 .
  • the transceiver 820 is divided into a receiver and a transmitter, the receiver performs the function of the receiving module, and the transmitter performs the function of the transmitting module.
  • the storage module 730 in FIG. 7 may be implemented by the memory 830 .
  • the apparatus may be implemented by a general-purpose processor (a general-purpose processor may also be referred to as a chip or a chip system).
  • a general-purpose processor may also be referred to as a chip or a chip system.
  • the general-purpose processor that implements the apparatus applied to the sending end includes: a processing circuit (the processing circuit may also be referred to as a processor); optionally, it further includes: an input that communicates with the internal connection of the processing circuit.
  • An output interface and a storage medium (the storage medium may also be referred to as a memory), where the storage medium is used to store the instructions executed by the processing circuit to execute the method executed by the sending end in the above example.
  • the processing module 710 in FIG. 7 may be implemented by a processing circuit.
  • the receiving module 720a and the sending module 720b in FIG. 7 can be implemented through an input and output interface.
  • the input and output interface is divided into an input interface and an output interface, the input interface performs the function of the receiving module, and the output interface performs the function of the sending module.
  • the storage module 730 in FIG. 7 may be implemented by a storage medium.
  • the apparatus in this embodiment of the present application can also be implemented by using one or more FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuit, or any combination of circuits capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
  • controllers state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuit, or any combination of circuits capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal includes: at least one processor 1211 and at least one transceiver 1212 .
  • the terminal may further include: at least one memory 1213 , an output device 1214 , an input device 1215 and one or more antennas 1216 .
  • the processor 1211 , the memory 1213 and the transceiver 1212 are connected.
  • the antenna 1216 is connected to the transceiver 1212 , and the output device 1214 and the input device 1215 are connected to the processor 1211 .
  • the memory 1213 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1211 . In another example, the memory 1213 can also be integrated with the processor 1211, for example, in one chip.
  • the memory 1213 can store program codes for implementing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and is controlled and executed by the processor 1211 .
  • the processor 1211 is configured to execute the computer program codes stored in the memory 1213, thereby implementing the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the transceiver 1212 may be used to support the reception or transmission of radio frequency signals between the terminal and the terminal, or between the terminal and the network device, or between the terminal and other devices, and the transceiver 1212 may be connected to the antenna 1216 .
  • the transceiver 1212 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx.
  • one or more antennas 1216 can receive radio frequency signals
  • the receiver Rx of the transceiver 1212 is configured to receive the radio frequency signals from the antennas, convert the radio frequency signals into digital baseband signals or digital intermediate frequency signals, and convert the digital The baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal is provided to the processor 1211, so that the processor 1211 performs further processing on the digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal, such as demodulation processing and decoding processing.
  • the transmitter Tx in the transceiver 1212 is also used to receive the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal from the processor 1211, convert the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal, and pass a The radio frequency signals are transmitted by the antenna or antennas 1216.
  • the receiver Rx can selectively perform one or more stages of down-mixing processing and analog-to-digital conversion processing on the radio frequency signal to obtain a digital baseband signal or a digital intermediate frequency signal.
  • the order of precedence is adjustable.
  • the transmitter Tx can selectively perform one or more stages of up-mixing processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing on the modulated digital baseband signal or digital intermediate frequency signal to obtain a radio frequency signal, and the up-mixing processing and digital-to-analog conversion processing
  • the sequence of s is adjustable.
  • Digital baseband signals and digital intermediate frequency signals can be collectively referred to as digital signals.
  • the processor 1211 can be used to implement various functions for the terminal, for example, to process communication protocols and communication data, or to control the entire terminal device, execute software programs, and process data of software programs; or to assist in completing Computational processing tasks, such as graphic image processing or audio processing, etc.; or the processor 1211 is used to implement one or more of the above functions.
  • the output device 1214 is in communication with the processor 1211 and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 1214 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Light Emitting Diode (LED) display device, a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) display device, or a projector (projector). )Wait.
  • the input device 1215 communicates with the processor 1211 and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 1215 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensor device, or the like.
  • the hardware structure of the network device is similar to the hardware structure of the terminal shown in FIG. 9 , for example, the network device may include: at least one processor and at least one transceiver. In a possible example, the network device may further include: at least one memory and one or more antennas. In one possible example, the transceiver may include a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx. Wherein, the processor, the memory and the transceiver are connected, and the antenna is connected with the transceiver.
  • Each device can be used to implement various functions for the network device, which is similar to that each device in FIG. 9 is used to implement various functions for the terminal, and will not be repeated.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can be used to execute the above method for transmitting a signal.
  • the computer program includes instructions for implementing the above method of transmitting signals.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer can execute the above-mentioned method for transmitting a signal.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, where the communication system includes: a sending end and a receiving end that execute the above method for transmitting a signal.
  • the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a baseband processor, and the baseband processor and the CPU may be integrated or separated, and may also be a network processor (network processor). processor, NP) or a combination of CPU and NP.
  • the processor may further include hardware chips or other general purpose processors.
  • the above-mentioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned PLD can be a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (generic array logic, GAL) and other programmable logic devices. , discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., or any combination thereof.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), an electrically programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM). Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM Static RAM
  • DRAM Dynamic RAM
  • SDRAM Synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced SDRAM ESDRAM
  • synchronous link dynamic random access memory Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM
  • Direct Rambus RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the transceiver mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include a separate transmitter and/or a separate receiver, or the transmitter and the receiver may be integrated.
  • the transceiver may operate under the direction of the corresponding processor.
  • the transmitter may correspond to the transmitter in the physical device
  • the receiver may correspond to the receiver in the physical device.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the present application are essentially or part of contributions to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products, and the computer software products are stored in a storage medium , including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer programs or instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory result in an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the The instruction means implement the functions specified in the flow or flow of the flowcharts and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

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Abstract

一种传输信号的方法及装置，用以解决现有技术中在采用DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号时，传输性能较差的问题。发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层；发送端对一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到第一符号，并对剩余的另一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT和相位偏移，得到第二符号。通过对一部分层的符号进行相位偏移，可以降低PAPR。

Description

一种传输信号的方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种传输信号的方法及装置。
背景技术
终端在向网络设备传输上行信号时，可以通过正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency divided multiplexing，OFDM)波形或离散傅里叶变换-扩展-OFDM(discrete fourier transformation spreading OFDM，DFT-s-OFDM)波形传输。在目前的新空口(new radio，NR)通信系统中，有如下规定：当终端采取OFDM波形传输上行信号时，可以基于多层传输；当终端采取DFT-s-OFDM波形传输上行信号时，只能采取单层传输。
单层传输无法充分利用多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output，MIMO)信道的自由度，导致传输性能差，传输效率低。基于此，在采用DFT-s-OFDM波形传输上行信号时，如何提高传输性能是需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种传输信号的方法及装置，用以解决现有技术中在采用DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号时，传输性能较差的问题。
第一方面，提供一种传输信号的方法，发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层；发送端对一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到第一符号，并对剩余的另一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT和相位偏移，得到第二符号。然后，发送端分别对第一符号和第二符号，进行第一处理，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号，并发送。
在上述第一方面中，通过对一部分层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的符号进行相位偏移，可以降低峰值平均比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)。
在一种可能的实现中，所述第一处理包括以下的一项或多项：频域资源映射，逆快速傅里叶变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)，预编码。
在一种可能的实现中，相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。第一参数为多个，可以提高传输性能，灵活地确定偏移的相位。
在一种可能的实现中，相位偏移所偏移的相位包括第一相位和/或第二相位；
所述第一相位为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000002
j为大于或等于0的整数，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量，n为符号的索引、或子载波的索引，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数；
或者，所述第一相位为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000003
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000004
j为大于或等于0的整数，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量，n为符号的索引、或子载波的索引，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，d大于0；
或者，所述第二相位为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000005
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000006
j为大于或等于0的整数，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，Q大于0。
在一种可能的实现中，j与m的最小值相同。
在一种可能的实现中，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量。
在一种可能的实现中，d＝k/R，k为大于或等于0的整数。
在一种可能的实现中，Q与调制阶数有关。
在一种可能的实现中，当偏移的相位为第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000007
时，所述第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000008
或者，
当偏移的相位为第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000009
时，所述第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000010
或者，
当偏移的相位为第二相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000011
时，所述第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000012
或者，
当偏移的相位包括的第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000013
和第二相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000014
时，所述第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000015
以上几种示例，m＝0，1，2，…，M-1；r＝0，1，…，R-1，r为调制符号的索引，x m,r为调制符号。
第二方面，提供了一种传输信号的方法，首先，发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层。然后，发送端对每一层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到每一层的第三符号。接下来，发送端对每一层的第三符号进行频域资源映射和逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，得到每一层的第四符号。进而，发送端对一部分层的第四符号进行循环移位，得到所述一部分层中的每一层的第五符号。最后，发送端对所述第一部分中的第五符号和剩余的另一部分层中的第四符号进行预编码，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号，并发送。
在上述第二方面中，通过对一部分层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的符号进行循环移位，可以降低峰值平均比PAPR。
在一种可能的实现中，循环移位的值与第二参数有关，所述第二参数包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：层索引，天线端口索引，流索引，DFT的大小，调制符号的数量，层的总数量，天线端口的总数量，流的总数量，IFFT的大小，子载波的数量，T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔。
在一种可能的实现中，循环移位的值为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000016
或者，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000017
或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000018
取整数，或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000019
取整数；所述取整数为：向下取整、或向上取整、或四舍五入取整；
其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引；M为大于或等于2的整数；j为大于或等于0的整数；N为IFFT的大小、或子载波的数量；c为任意值；
或者，循环移位的值为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000020
或者，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000021
或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000022
取整数，或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000023
取整数，其中，取整数为：向下取整或向上取整，或四舍五入取整；
其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引；M为大于或等于2的整数；j为大于或等于0的整数；T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔；c为任意数值。
在一种可能的实现中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000024
其中，k为整数。
在一种可能的实现中，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量。
在一种可能的实现中，j与m的最小值相同。
在一种可能的实现中，当循环移位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000025
时，所述第五符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000026
其中，z m(p)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为p的第五符号，y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为n的第三符号，m为大于或等于0且小于或等于M-1的整数；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波索引；
或者，当循环移位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000027
时，所述第五符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000028
其中，z m(t)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为t的第五符号，y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为n的第三符号，m为大于或等于0且小于或 等于M-1的整数；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波索引；t∈(-T CP,T]，T CP为循环前缀CP时间，T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔。
在一种可能的实现中，发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层之后，在对所述第一部分中的第五符号和剩余的另一部分层中的第四符号进行预编码之前，对一部分层的符号进行相位偏移。可以进一步降低PAPR。
在一种可能的实现中，相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。
在一种可能的实现中，相位偏移所偏移的第二相位为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000029
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000030
j为大于或等于0的整数，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，Q大于0。
该相位偏移所偏移的相位可以是第一方面的可能的实现中的第二相位，细节可以参照上面描述，不再重复赘述。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，所述装置具有实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中的功能，或实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中的功能。这些功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的功能模块。
第四方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器；所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序或指令；所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序或指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序或指令被执行时，用于实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中发送端的功能，或实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中发送端的功能。
在一种可能的实现中，所述装置还可以包括收发器，所述收发器，用于发送所述处理器处理后的信号，或者接收输入给所述处理器的信号。所述收发器可以执行第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中发送端执行的发送动作或接收动作；或者，执行第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中发送端执行的发送动作或接收动作。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括一个或多个处理器(也可以称为处理电路)，所述处理器与存储器(也可以称为存储介质)之间电耦合；所述存储器可以位于所述芯片系统中，也可以不位于所述芯片系统中；所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序或指令；所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序或指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序或指令被执行时，用于实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中发送端的功能，或实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中发送端的功能。
在一种可能的实现中，所述芯片系统还可以包括输入输出接口，所述输入输出接口， 用于输出所述处理器处理后的信号，或者接收输入给所述处理器的信号。所述输入输出接口可以执行第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中发送端执行的发送动作或接收动作；或者，执行第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中发送端执行的发送动作或接收动作。具体的，输出接口执行发送动作，输入接口执行接收动作。
在一种可能的实现中，该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第六方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括用于实现第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中的功能的指令，或用于实现第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中的功能的指令。
或者，一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，可以使得所述计算机执行上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中发送端执行的方法，或执行上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中发送端执行的方法。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中由发送端执行的方法，或执行上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中由发送端执行的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器；所述处理器，用于执行计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，用于实现上述第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现的方法中发送端的功能，或者实现上述第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现的方法中发送端的功能。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在所述处理器中，也可以存储在存储器中，所述存储器与所述处理器耦合。所述存储器可以位于所述通信装置中，也可以不位于所述通信装置中。
在一种可能的实现中，所述装置还包括：通信接口，所述通信接口，用于发送所述处理器处理后的信号，或者接收输入给所述处理器的信号。所述通信接口可以执行第一方面及第一方面任一可能的实现中发送端执行的发送动作或接收动作，或者执行第二方面及第二方面任一可能的实现中发送端执行的发送动作或接收动作。
上述第三方面至第八方面的技术效果可以参照第一方面至第二方面中的描述，重复之处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中提供的一种通信系统示意图；
图2a为本申请实施例中提供的一种应用于发送端的传输信号的过程示意图；
图2b为本申请实施例中提供的一种应用于接收端的传输信号的过程示意图；
图3a为本申请实施例中提供的一种应用于发送端的传输信号的过程示意图；
图3b为本申请实施例中提供的一种应用于发送端的传输信号的过程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中提供了一种仿真示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中提供的一种应用于发送端的传输信号的过程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中提供的一种终端与网络设备的通信的过程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中提供的一种传输信号的装置结构图；
图8为本申请实施例中提供的一种传输信号的装置结构图；
图9为本申请实施例中提供的一种终端装置结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
为便于理解本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例提供的方法的系统架构进行简要说明。可理解的，本申请实施例描述的系统架构是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)通信系统，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)，以及未来通信系统等。
为便于理解本申请实施例，接下来对本请的应用场景进行介绍，本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
如图1所示的通信系统，包括网络设备和终端，网络设备和终端之间可以利用资源进行无线通信。此处的资源可以包括时域资源、频域资源、码域资源和空域资源中一个或多个。本申请也适用于终端与终端通信的系统，也适用于网络设备与网络设备进行通信的系统。
网络设备和终端之间可以通过OFDM波形传输信号，也可以通过DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号，两者的区别在于是否进行离散傅里叶变换DFT操作。
接下来如图2a所示，介绍一种通过DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号的过程示意图。如图2a为发送端的处理过程，包括以下步骤：
步骤200：对传输块进行信道编码，得到编码后的多个比特(coded bits)；然后对多个比特进行调制(modulation)，得到多个调制后的符号，可以称为调制符号，调制符号也可以称为复数符号。
调制方式例如可以是正交振幅调制(quadrature amplitude modulation，QAM)，或偏移正交振幅调制(offset quadrature amplitude modulation，OQAM)，或二阶相控调制(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)，或pi/2-BPSK，或QPSK，或pi/4-QPSK，或16QAM，或64QAM，或256QAM，或1024QAM，或APSK。调制阶数可以是1或2或4或6或8等，调制阶数与调制方式有关。本申请对调制方式和调制阶数不进行限制。
在一种示例中，直接对步骤200得到的调制符号进行步骤201；在另一种示例中，将步骤200得到的多个调制符号映射到多组，对每组调制符号进行步骤201。此处的“多组”例如为2组、3组、4组、甚至更多组。图2a是以2组为例进行说明的。
步骤201：对多个调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT。DFT也被称为“转化预编码或者转换预编码或变换预编码(transform precoding)。该步骤201是可选的，如果不执行DFT，得到的是OFDM信号；如果执行DFT，得到的是DFT-s-OFDM信号。DFT后的每 个符号可以称为采样、或复数采样、或复数符号等。
DFT的大小与调度带宽有关，例如DFT的大小为终端被调度的资源元素(resource element，RE)数量，一个RE对应一个子载波。一般情况下，终端被调度时，调度的单位是资源块(resource block，RB)，一个RB对应12个RE。为了方便实现，已有的LTE协议和NR协议中约束：DFT的大小＝2 a×2 b×2 c，其中a，b，c为非负整数。
在对调制符号进行DFT时，可以先根据调度带宽，确定DFT的尺寸；然后根据DFT的尺寸，决定是否对该组调制符号再次划分。典型情况下，DFT尺寸与该组所包含的调制符号数目相同，例如，一组包括600个调制符号，DFT的大小为600。另一种情况，先将600个调制符号划分为几部分，针对每部分进行DFT，例如划分为3组，每部分包括200个调制符号，以200个调制符号为一个整体，进行DFT。
可选的，步骤202：对步骤200后的调制符号、或者步骤201后的符号，进行预编码(precoding)。可以是基于码本传输的预编码，也可以是基于非码本传输的预编码。
需要注意的是，在进行预编码时，2组符号作为预编码的输入，而不是各组符号单独进行预编码。
在一种示例中，在基于码本传输中，终端采用协议规定的多个预编码矩阵侯选，对一个或多个探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)进行预编码，然后向网络设备发送一个或多个SRS来探测上行信道。网络设备基于一个或多个SRS进行信道估计，从协议规定的多个预编码矩阵侯选中确定出优选的预编码矩阵，并指示给终端该优选的预编码矩阵的索引(transmitting precoding matrix index，TPMI)，则终端在后续的数据传输时，使用网络设备指示的预编码矩阵对数据进行预编码。
在一种示例中，在基于非码本传输中，终端自己确定多个预编码矩阵侯选，并使用自己确定出的多个预编码矩阵分别对多个SRS进行预编码。网络设备不知道终端侧的多个预编码矩阵侯选，所以网络设备无法指示预编码矩阵的索引，而是向终端指示探测参考信号资源索引(sounding reference signal resource index，SRI)。进而，终端根据网络设备指示的SRI，确定预编码矩阵，进而在后续的数据传输中，使用SRI指示的预编码矩阵对数据进行预编码。
步骤203：将步骤200后的符号、或者步骤201后的符号、或者步骤202后的符号，映射至频域资源上。如果将步骤200得到的多个调制符号映射到多组，则多组对应的频域资源相同。此处的频域资源即终端被调度的带宽位置。频域资源映射具体可以是子载波映射(subcarrier mapping)。
步骤204：对频域资源映射后的频域信号进行逆快速傅里叶变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)及添加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)等操作，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号；将信号经过发送功率调整等一系列的处理后发送出去。
具体可以在对应的天线端口或天线上发送DFT-s-OFDM信号或OFDM信号。
如图2b所示，为与图2a所示的发送端对应的接收端的处理过程。接收端的天线接收到的信号也会进行一系列的处理，例如FFT、频域解映射、信道均衡(即将空间信道对信号的影响减少甚至消除)、逆离散傅里叶变换IDFT(inverse DFT)、解调、信道译码等等。接收端为发送端的逆过程，不再进行详细赘述。
另外，网络设备和终端之间可以通过多层传输信号，也可以通过单层传输信号。结合 步骤201之前的分组操作，一种可能的实现为：一组对应一个层，多组对应多个层；另一种可能的实现为：多组对应一个层。
在目前的NR通信系统中，有如下规定：
当采取OFDM波形传输数据时，可以基于多层传输。在基于多层传输时，可以将预编码矩阵进一步分为两类：非相干(non-coherent)预编码矩阵和相干(coherent)预编码矩阵。参见下文的表1、表2、表3和表4，一行中包括的元素的数量为层的数量，即列与层对应，列的数量为层的数量；一列中包括的元素的数量为天线端口的数量，即行与天线端口对应，行的数量为天线端口的数量。非相干(non-coherent)预编码矩阵，用于多天线非相干传输。相干(coherent)预编码矩阵，用于多天线相干传输。对于具有相干传输能力的终端，可以在所有预编码矩阵中选择，而不具有相干传输能力的终端，则只在非相干的预编码矩阵中进行选择。
当终端采取DFT-s-OFDM波形传输数据时，只能采取单层进行传输。
但是单层传输无法充分利用MIMO信道的自由度，导致传输性能差，传输效率低。如果终端采用与OFDM类似的多层传输，则会导致峰值平均比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)较高。
基于此，本申请提出了多种采用多层传输DFT-s-OFDM信号的方式，可以降低PAPR。
一种方式为：将一部分层中的信号进行相位偏移，另一部分层中的信号不进行相位偏移。
另一种方式为：将一部分层中的信号在时域上进行循环移位，另一部分层中的信号不进行循环移位。
进一步地，本申请的技术方案，还可以支持多流的相干传输，相干传输相对于非相干传输，对MIMO信道匹配性更好，则传输性能更好。
为便于理解本申请实施例，以下对本申请实施例的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)网络设备，具有能够为终端设备提供随机接入功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片，该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，NR，系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(DU，distributed unit)等。
2)终端设备，又称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)、终端等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，终端设备包括具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，终端设备可以是：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、 增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端，或具有车与车(Vehicle-to-Vehicle，V2V)公共的无线终端等。
3)正交频分复用OFDM：是一种频分复用的多载波传输波形，参与复用的各路信号(也称为各路载波/子载波)是正交的。OFDM技术是通过串/并转换将高速的流变成多路并行的低速流，再将它们分配到若干个不同频率的子载波上传输。OFDM技术利用了相互正交的子载波，从而子载波的频谱是重叠的。传统的FDM多载波调制系统中子载波间需要保护间隔，与之相比，OFDM技术大大的提高了频谱利用率。
4)离散傅里叶变换-扩展-正交频分复用DFT-s-OFDM：顾名思义，是基于OFDM的一种衍生技术。直观上看，是对子载波进行DFT处理(或转换预编码transform precoding)，由时域转换到频域；然后将频域信号进行OFDM调制(即，输入到IFFT模块)，这样信号又一起被转换到时域，并发送。经过DFT的改进，信号由频域信号(传统OFDM)又回到了时域信号(和单载波系统相同)。由于在该技术中，调制后的信号波形类似于单载波，也有人将其看作一种单载波技术，虽然它是从OFDM技术演变而来的。
5)介绍适用于本申请的几种预编码矩阵(Precoding matrix)：
表1：在变换预编码禁用的情况下(OFDM)使用两个天线端口的两层传输的预编码矩阵(Precoding matrix W for two-layer transmission using two antenna ports with transform precoding disabled)。
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000031
上述表1中，索引为0的预编码矩阵为非相干(non-coherent)预编码矩阵，索引为1和2的预编码矩阵为(完全)相干(coherent)预编码矩阵。
表2：在变换预编码禁用的情况下(OFDM)使用四个天线端口的两层传输的预编码矩阵(Precoding matrix W for two-layer transmission using four antenna ports with transform precoding disabled)。
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000032
上述表2中，索引为0至5的预编码矩阵为非相干(non-coherent)预编码矩阵，索引为6至13的预编码矩阵为部分相干(partial coherent)预编码矩阵，索引为14至21的预编码矩阵为(完全)相干(coherent)预编码矩阵。
表3：在变换预编码禁用的情况下(OFDM)使用四个天线端口的三层传输的预编码矩阵(Precoding matrix W for three-layer transmission using four antenna ports with transform precoding disabled)。
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000033
上述表3中，索引为0的预编码矩阵为非相干(non-coherent)预编码矩阵，索引为1至2的预编码矩阵为部分相干(partial coherent)预编码矩阵，索引为3至6的预编码矩阵为(完全)相干(coherent)预编码矩阵。
表4：在变换预编码禁用的情况下(OFDM)使用四个天线端口的三层传输的预编码矩阵(Precoding matrix W for four-layer transmission using four antenna ports with transform precoding disabled)。
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000034
上述表4中，索引为0的预编码矩阵为非相干(non-coherent)预编码矩阵，索引为1至2的预编码矩阵为部分相干(partial coherent)预编码矩阵，索引为3至4的预编码矩阵为(完全)相干(coherent)预编码矩阵。
6)、峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)：
无线信号从时域上观测是幅度不断变化的，所以无线信号的瞬时发射功率并不恒定。峰均功率比PAPR，简称峰均比。可以指一个符号内，连续信号瞬间功率峰值与信号功率平均值之比。可以用如下公式表示：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000035
其中，x i表示一组序列的时域离散值；max|x i| 2)，表示时域离散值平方的最大值； mean|x i| 2，表示时域离散值平方的平均值。
OFDM符号是由多个独立经过调制的子载波信号叠加而成的，当各个子载波相位相同或者相近时，叠加信号便会受到相同初始相位信号的调制，从而产生较大的瞬时功率峰值。由此带来较高的PAPR。高PAPR将会导致信号非线性失真，造成明显的频谱扩展干扰以及带内信号畸变，降低系统性能。
接下来将结合附图对方案进行详细介绍。附图中以虚线标识的特征或内容可理解为本申请实施例的可选操作或者可选结构。
图3a所示，提供了一种传输信号的过程示意图；该方法可以应用于码本传输中，也可以应用于非码本传输中。该示例中的发送端可以是图1中的网络设备，也可以是图1中的终端。
步骤300：对传输块进行信道编码，得到编码后的多个比特(coded bits)；然后对多个比特进行调制(modulation)，得到多个调制后的符号，可以称为调制符号，调制符号也可以称为复数符号。步骤300的过程与步骤200的过程相同，重复之处不进行赘述。
步骤301：发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层，得到每一层对应的映射后的调制符号。此处的“多层”例如为2层、3层、4层、甚至更多层。
一次映射中，将一个或多个连续的调制符号映射至一个层。
例如，调制符号为1800个，在将调制符号映射至3个层：a、b、c上时，前600个调制符号映射至一个层a，中间600个调制符号映射至一个层b，后600个调制符号映射至一个层c。
例如，在将调制符号映射至3个层a、b、c时，第1个调制符号映射至层a，第2个调制符号映射至层b，第3个调制符号映射至层c，依次类推，将第3i+1个调制符号映射至层a，第3i+2个调制符号映射至层b，第3i+3个调制符号映射至层c，i大于或等于0。这种映射方式可以称为梳状映射。
例如，连续的两个或多个调制符号为一组，对每组进行梳状映射。例如，以2个调制符号一组，映射至2个层：a和b，则将第4i+1个和第4i+2个调制符号映射至层a，将第4i+3个和第4i+4个调制符号映射至层b。
本申请中对于将调制符号映射至层的映射方式不进行限制。
本申请中将多层分为两部分，一部分层与图2a中执行的步骤类似，剩余的另一部分层要多执行一个操作：相位偏移。以下为了便于描述，将一部分层称为第一层，剩余的另一部分层称为第二层。第一层和第二层的区别在于：映射至第二层的调制符号进行相位偏移；映射至第一层的调制符号相对于映射至第二层的调制符号，不进行相位偏移。
第一层为一个或多个，第二层为一个或多个。例如，当多层为2层时，第一层为1个，第二层也为1个。再例如，当多层为3层时，一种示例为：第一层为1个，第二层为2个；另一种示例为：第一层为2个，第二层为1个。
映射至第一层的调制符号执行步骤302a：
步骤302a：发送端分别对映射至每个第一层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT(即转换预编码)，得到第一符号。步骤302a的过程与图2a中的步骤201的过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。示例的，第一符号可以通过下文中的公式1、或公式2、或公式3表示。 第一符号为DFT后的符号，可以称为采样、或复数采样、或复数符号等。
映射至第二层的调制符号执行步骤302b：
步骤302b：发送端分别对每个第二层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT(即转换预编码)和相位偏移，得到第二符号。DFT和相位偏移的先后顺序不进行限制。步骤302b的DFT过程与图2a中的步骤201的过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。相位偏移的具体过程后续进行详细介绍。第二符号可以称为采样、或复数采样、或复数符号等。
步骤303：发送端对步骤302a得到的第一符号和步骤302b得到的第二符号，进行第一处理，得到DFT-S-OFDM信号，并发送；其中，第一处理包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：
资源映射(例如频域资源映射，具体可以是子载波映射)，逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，预编码。在图3a中，先进行预编码，后进行频域资源映射和IFFT。需要注意的是，在进行预编码时，第一层符号和第二层符号同时作为预编码的输入，而不是各层符号单独进行预编码。在进行频域资源映射时，可以是各层符号分别进行频域资源映射。在进行IFFT时，可以是各层符号分别进行IFFT。
另外，还可以对符号添加循环前缀CP、功率调整、发送等。步骤303的过程与图2a中的步骤202至步骤204的过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
通过对一部分层((层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的符号进行相位偏移，可以降低PAPR。
在一种实施例中，步骤301中的“映射至多层”也可以替换为“映射至多流”，相应的，步骤302a、步骤302b和步骤303中提及的“层”均可以替换为“流”，也就是对映射至每个流的调制符号进行处理。
在一种实施例中，步骤301中的“映射至多层”也可以替换为“映射至多个天线端口”，相应的，步骤302a、步骤302b和步骤303中提及的“层”均可以替换为“天线端口”，也就是对映射至每个天线端口的调制符号进行处理。此处的天线端口可以是物理天线端口，也可以是逻辑天线端口。
在一种实施例中，步骤301中的“映射至多层”也可以替换为“映射至多个组”，相应的，步骤302a、步骤302b和步骤303中提及的“层”均可以替换为“组”，也就是对映射至每个组的调制符号进行处理。
示例的，一个组可以对应一个层，则多个组对应多个层，这个示例相当于图3a的示例。
示例的，一个组可以对应多个层，例如，2个组对应一个层，3个组对应一个层。
示例的，一部分组可以对应一个层，另一部分组可以对应多个层，例如，组1对应一个层，组2对应两个层，甚至一个组对应更多个层。在该示例中，在一个组为整体执行相位偏移的情况下，则该组对应的多个层的偏移的相位相同。在实际中，基于组的相位偏移，有利于简化发送端或接收端的实现复杂度。或者，在一个层为整体执行相位偏移的情况下，则该组对应的多个层的偏移的相位可以不相同。该方案更加灵活，使得性能增益更好。
示例的，多个组可以对应一个层，例如，组1对应一个层，组2和组3对应一个层，甚至更多组对应一个层。在该示例中，在一个层为整体执行相位偏移的情况下，则与该层对应的多个组的偏移的相位相同。在实际中，基于组的相位偏移，有利于简化发送端或接 收端的实现复杂度。
组与天线端口的对应关系，与组与层的对应关系类似，仅是把上述几个示例中的“层”替换为“天线端口”，重复之处不再赘述。
组与流的对应关系，与组与层的对应关系类似，仅是把上述几个示例中的“层”替换为“流”，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请中，合在一起进行处理的多个符号(或复数符号)也称为符号块；例如进行离散傅里叶变换之前的多个调制符号，也称为调制符号块、复数调制符号块；再例如进行离散傅里叶变换之后的多个符号，也称为符号块。在本发明的具体特定场景下，可以根据实际处理涉及的符号数量，将涉及“单个符号”处理的“符号”理解为“符号”，将涉及“多个符号”的“符号”理解为“符号”或“符号块”。
接下来对步骤302b中的“相位偏移”过程进行详细介绍：
对于每个符号(如果先进行DFT，再进行相位偏移，则该符号为DFT后的符号；如果先进行相位偏移，再进行DFT，则该符号为调制符号)来说，该符号进行相位偏移时，可以是一个固定的相位。
为了提高传输性能，灵活地确定偏移的相位，示例的，偏移的相位与第一参数有关，所述第一参数包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：
层索引，天线端口索引，流索引，组索引，符号索引，子载波索引，DFT的大小，调制符号的数量，层的总数量，天线端口的总数量，流的总数量，组的总数量，调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。
接下来对第一参数进行详细说明：
层索引指：符号所映射至的层的索引。
天线端口索引指：符号所映射至的天线端口的索引。
流索引指：符号所映射至的流的索引。
组索引指：符号所映射至的组的索引；当一个组对应一个层时，组索引可以看作是层索引；当一个组对应一个天线端口时，组索引可以看作是天线端口索引；当一个组对应一个流时，组索引可以看作是流索引。
符号索引指：该符号(如果先进行DFT，再进行相位偏移，则该符号为DFT后的符号；如果先进行相位偏移，再进行DFT，则该符号为调制符号)在该符号映射至的层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)中的索引。以层为例说明：例如，步骤301中的调制符号为1800个，将1800个调制符号映射至3个层，一个层映射600个调制符号，则符号的索引是该符号在这600个符号中的索引，而不是在1800个符号中的索引。
子载波索引指：一个层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)配置有调度带宽中的一部分子载波，该符号所映射的子载波在该层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)配置的子载波(调度带宽中的一部分)中的子载波索引，而不是将所有层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的子载波看作一个整体后的子载波索引。子载波也可以理解为资源元素(resource element，RE)。
DFT的大小指：该符号所映射至的层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)对应的DFT的大小。通常，不同的层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)对应的DFT的大小是相同的，但也可以是不同的。图2a的步骤201中介绍了DFT的大小与调度带宽有关，例如DFT的 大小为终端被调度的资源元素(resource element，RE)数量，一个RE对应一个子载波。通常情况下，映射至一个层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的符号可以作为一个整体进行DFT，例如，一个层映射600个调制符号，则DFT的大小为600。
调制符号的数量指：该符号所映射至层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)包括的调制符号的总数量。以层为例说明：例如步骤301中的调制符号为1800个，将1800个调制符号映射至3个层，一个层映射600个调制符号，则调制符号的数量为600。
调制阶数与调制方式有关，例如，调制方式为正交相位键控QPSK、或者4-QAM时，调制阶数为2，再例如，调制方式为BPSK、或者pi/2-BPSK时，调制阶数为1。
调制阶数还可以通过调制星座符号数量(或者，调制符号的集合大小)表示。例如调制阶数为O，调制星座符号数量Q，其中Q＝2 O。
需要注意的是：步骤301、步骤302a、步骤302b和步骤303中采用“层”、或“流”、或“天线端口”、或“组”，与相位偏移所参考的第一参数是关于“层”的参数，或“天线端口”的参数，或“流”的参数，或“组”的参数是解耦的。关于“层”的参数例如层索引，层的总数量；关于“天线端口”的参数例如天线端口索引，天线端口的总数量；关于“流”的参数例如流索引，流的总数量，关于“组”的参数例如组索引，组的总数量。例如，当多个调制符号映射至多层时，第一参数可以包括层索引和层的总数量；或者，第一参数包括流索引和层的总数量；再或者，第一参数包括天线端口索引和流的总数量。
符号在进行相位偏移时，偏移的相位可以包括第一相位和/或第二相位，接下来结合上述介绍的第一参数，详细介绍第一相位和第二相位的几种示例：
在一种示例中，所述第一相位为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000036
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000037
j为大于或等于0的整数，示例的，j与m的最小值相同，例如，m从0开始，则j＝0，m从1开始，则j＝1；R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；n为符号索引、或子载波索引；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引、或组索引，通常m从0开始；M为大于或等于2的整数，示例的，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量、或组的总数量。
在一种示例中，所述第一相位为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000038
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000039
j为大于或等于0的整数，示例的，j与m的最小值相同，例如，m从0开始，则j＝0，m从1开始，则j＝1；R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；n为符号索引、或子载波索引；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引、或组索引，通常m从0开始；M为大于或等于2的整数，示例的，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量、或组的总数量；d大于0，示例的，d＝k/R，k为大于或等于0的整数。
在一种示例中，所述第二相位为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000040
其中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000041
j为大于或等于0的整数，示例的，j与m的最小值相同，例如，m从0开始，则j＝0，m从1开始，则j＝1；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引、或组索引，通常m从0开始；M为大于或等于2的整数，示例的，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量、或组的总数量；Q大于0，示例的，Q与调制阶数有关， 例如Q为调制阶数，或者为调制星座符号数量(或者，调制符号的集合大小)。
接下来结合上述介绍的第一相位和/或第二相位的几种示例，详细介绍进行“相位偏移”得到的第二符号的几种示例：
在介绍进行相位偏移得到的第二符号之前，先介绍一下未进行相位偏移得到的第一符号：y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流、或组中，索引为n的符号(即第一符号)。
一种示例中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000042
这个示例可以适用于：将较多的调制符号连续映射至多层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的场景。以层为例说明：例如调制符号为1800个，在将调制符号映射至3个层a、b、c上时，前600个调制符号映射至一个层a，中间600个调制符号映射至一个层b，后600个调制符号映射至一个层c。
一种示例中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000043
这个示例可以适用于将调制符号梳状映射至多层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的场景。
上述的公式1和公式2可以统一为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000044
上述的公式1、公式2和公式3中的字母的含义与上述相位偏移中的字母的含义相同，例如：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000045
r为调制符号的索引；R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；x m，r表示映射至索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流、或组中的索引为r的调制符号；m均从0开始，m＝0，1，2，…，M-1；n为符号索引、或子载波的索引，不管是第一符号，还是DFT之后的符号，还是调制符号，索引的值相同的；x m，r为调制符号。
接下来介绍进行相位偏移得到的第二符号：y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流、或组中，索引为n的符号(即第二符号)：第二符号＝第一符号×偏移的相位。此处偏移的相位可以是上述介绍的第一相位和/或第二相位。注意：m从0开始，前文介绍的第一相位和/或第二相位中的j＝0。
例如，与公式1进行对比，偏移第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000046
后，得到的第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000047
例如，与公式2进行对比，偏移第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000048
后，得到的第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000049
例如，与公式3进行对比，偏移第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000050
后，得到的第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000051
例如，与公式3进行对比，偏移第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000052
后，得到的第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000053
例如，与公式3进行对比，偏移第二相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000054
后，得到的第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000055
例如，与公式3进行对比，偏移第一相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000056
和第二相位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000057
后，得到的第二符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000058
在一个具体的示例中，在公式8中，Q＝4，M＝2时，可以得到：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000059
映射至不同的层(“层”可以替换为“天线端口”、或“流”、或“组”)的符号在进行相位偏移时，可以分为以下几种情况：
情况1.1、所有的第二层均偏移第一相位；
情况1.2、所有的第二层均偏移第二相位；
情况1.3、所有的第二层均偏移第一相位和第二相位；
情况1.4、一部分第二层偏移第一相位，另一部分第二层偏移第二相位；
情况1.5、一部分第二层偏移第一相位，另一部分第二层偏移第一相位和第二相位；
情况1.6、一部分第二层偏移第二相位，另一部分第二层偏移第一相位和第二相位；
情况1.7、一部分第二层偏移第一相位，一部分第二层偏移第二相位，另一部分第二层偏移第一相位和第二相位。
结合上述介绍的进行相位偏移的7种情况，并且第一相位可以通过两种公式来表示，以及不同的第一参数的取值不同等等因素，这些细节结合起来，可以得到的相位偏移的示例较多，均在本申请的保护范围内，不再一一列举。
另外，协议可以规定偏移的相位。为了更好实现相干传输，即预编码对信道匹配程度更好，也可以是发送端与接收端相互协商偏移的相位。例如，发送端确定偏移的相位，并将偏移的相位通知给接收端，或者告知接收端确定偏移的相位的方式。再例如，接收端确定偏移的相位，并将偏移的相位通知给发送端，或者告知发送端确定偏移的相位的方式。 此处的发送端可以是终端或网络设备，接收端也可以是终端或网络设备。
另外，发送端(例如终端)可以只对数据进行相位偏移，而解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)不进行相位偏移。当然，发送端(例如终端)可以对数据采取相位偏移，也对DMRS进行相位偏移，DMRS偏移的相位与数据偏移的相位可以相同也可以不同。
上述图3a介绍了应用于发送端的传输信号的过程，接下来如图3b所示，再介绍一种与图3a的发送端对应的接收端的处理过程。接收端的天线接收到的信号也会进行一系列的处理。
一部分层(层可以替换为流或天线端口或组)的信号进行以下处理：例如FFT、频域解映射、信道均衡(即将空间信道对信号的影响减少甚至消除)、逆离散傅里叶变换IDFT、解调、信道译码等等。
另一部分层(层可以替换为流或天线端口或组)的信号，除了在进行上述处理的基础上，还要进行逆相位偏移，逆相位偏移和逆离散傅里叶变换IDFT的先后顺序不进行限制。
接收端为发送端的逆过程，不再进行详细赘述。
如图4所示的仿真图，横坐标为PAPR，纵坐标为累计分布函数(cumulative distribution function，CDF)。OFDM波形传输信号的PAPR接近9.7dB。“DFTs，w/o offest，TPMI＝0”表示，DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号，没有进行相位偏移，预编码矩阵的索引为TPMI＝0，非相干传输，PAPR接近6.5dB。“DFTs，w/o offest，TPMI＝1”表示，DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号，没有进行相位偏移，预编码矩阵的索引为TPMI＝1，相干传输，PAPR接近7.6dB。“DFTs，w.offest，TPMI＝1”表示，DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号，偏移了第一相位，预编码矩阵的索引为TPMI＝1，相干传输，PAPR接近7.1dB。“DFTs,w.offest+pi/4shift，TPMI＝1”表示，DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号，偏移了第一相位和第二相位，第二相位为
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000060
预编码矩阵的索引为TPMI＝1，相干传输，PAPR接近6.7dB。可以看出，DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号相对于OFDM波形传输信号，可以降低PAPR。当采用DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号时，非相干传输的方式相对于相干传输的方式，可以降低PAPR。当采用DFT-s-OFDM波形传输信号，且采用相干传输的方式传输信号，进行相位偏移可以降低PAPR。
如图5所示，再介绍一种传输信号的过程示意图；在图3a的示例中，对符号进行相位偏移，在图5的示例中，对符号进行循环移位。图5的方法可以应用于码本传输中，也可以应用于非码本传输中。该示例中的发送端可以是图1中的网络设备，也可以是图1中的终端。
步骤500：对传输块进行信道编码，得到编码后的多个比特(coded bits)；然后对多个比特进行调制(modulation)，得到多个调制后的符号，可以称为调制符号，调制符号也可以称为复数符号。具体过程与步骤200相同，重复之处不进行赘述。
步骤501：发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层，得到每一层对应的映射后的调制符号。 以下为了便于描述，将一部分层称为第一层，另一部分层称为第二层。步骤501的过程与步骤301的过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
步骤502：发送端分别对映射至每一层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT(即转换预编码)，得到第三符号。第三符号为DFT后的符号，可以称为采样、或复数采样、或复数符号等。步骤502的过程与图2a中的步骤201的过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。示例的，第三符号可以通过图3a的实施例中的公式1、或公式2、或公式3表示。
步骤503：发送端分别对每一层的第三符号进行资源映射，逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，得到第四符号。第四符号可以称为采样、或复数采样、或复数符号等。
步骤503a：发送端对第二层的第四符号进行循环移位，得到第五符号。第一层的第四符号不进行循环移位。循环移位的具体过程后续进行详细介绍。第四符号可以称为采样、或复数采样、或复数符号等。
步骤504：发送端对步骤503得到的第一层的第四符号、和步骤503a得到的第二层的第五符号进行预编码，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号。另外，还可以对符号添加循环前缀CP、功率调整、发送等。步骤503和步骤504的过程与图2a中的步骤202至步骤204的过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
另外需要注意的是，预编码的操作也可以在循环移位之前，也可以在资源映射，逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，或添加循环前缀CP之前。
通过对一部分层((层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的符号进行循环移位，可以降低PAPR。
与图3a的示例类似：层可以替换为流或天线端口或组。
在一种实施例中，步骤501中的“映射至多层”也可以替换为“映射至多流”，相应的，步骤502、步骤503、步骤503a、步骤504中提及的“层”均可以替换为“流”，也就是对映射至每个流的调制符号进行处理。
在一种实施例中，步骤501中的“映射至多层”也可以替换为“映射至多天线端口”，相应的，步骤502、步骤503、步骤503a、步骤504中提及的“层”均可以替换为“天线端口”，也就是对映射至每个天线端口的调制符号进行处理。此处的天线端口可以是物理天线端口，也可以是逻辑天线端口。
在一种实施例中，步骤501中的“映射至多层”也可以替换为“映射至多组”，相应的，步骤502、步骤503、步骤503a、步骤504中提及的“层”均可以替换为“组”，也就是对映射至每个组的调s制符号进行处理。
示例的，一个组可以对应一个层，则多个组对应多个层，这个示例相当于图5的示例。示例的，一个组可以对应多个层，例如，2组对应一个层，3组对应一个层。
示例的，一部分组可以对应一个层，另一部分组可以对应多个层，例如，组1对应一个层，组2对应两个层，甚至一个组对应更多个层。在该示例中，在一个组为整体执行相位偏移的情况下，则该组对应的多个层的偏移的相位相同。在实际中，基于组的相位偏移，有利于简化发送端或接收端的实现复杂度。或者，在一个层为整体执行相位偏移的情况下，则该组对应的多个层的偏移的相位可以不相同。该方案更加灵活，使得性能增益更好。
示例的，多个组可以对应一个层，例如，组1对应一个层，组2和组3对应一个层，甚至更多组对应一个层。在该示例中，在一个层为整体执行相位偏移的情况下，则与该层 对应的多个组的偏移的相位相同。在实际中，基于组的相位偏移，有利于简化发送端或接收端的实现复杂度。
组与天线端口的对应关系，与组与层的对应关系类似，仅是把上述几个示例中的“层”替换为“天线端口”，重复之处不再赘述。
组与流的对应关系，与组与层的对应关系类似，仅是把上述几个示例中的“层”替换为“流”，重复之处不再赘述。
接下来对步骤503a中的“循环移位”进行详细介绍：
对于每个符号来说，该符号进行循环移位时，可以是一个固定的相位。
为了提高传输性能，灵活地确定循环移位的值，示例的，循环移位的值与第二参数有关，所述第二参数包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：
层索引，天线端口索引，流索引，组索引，DFT的大小，调制符号的数量，层的总数量，天线端口的总数量，流的总数量，组的总数量，IFFT的大小，子载波的数量，T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔。
接下来对第二参数进行详细说明：
层索引指：符号所映射至的层的索引。
天线端口索引指：符号所映射至的天线端口的索引。
流索引指：符号所映射至的流的索引。
组索引指：符号所映射至的组的索引；当一个组对应一个层时，组索引可以看作是层索引；当一个组对应一个天线端口时，组索引可以看作是天线端口索引；当一个组对应一个流时，组索引可以看作是流索引。
DFT的大小指：该符号所映射至的层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)对应的DFT的大小。通常，不同的层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)对应的DFT的大小是相同的，但也可以是不同的。图2a的步骤201中介绍了DFT的大小与调度带宽有关，例如DFT的大小为终端被调度的资源元素(resource element，RE)数量，一个RE对应一个子载波。通常情况下，映射至一个层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)的符号可以作为一个整体进行DFT，例如，一个层映射600个调制符号，则DFT的大小为600。
调制符号的数量指：该符号所映射至层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)包括的调制符号的总数量。以层为例说明：例如步骤301中的调制符号为1800个，将1800个调制符号映射至3个层，一个层映射600个调制符号，则调制符号的数量为600。
IFFT的大小指：该符号所映射至层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)对应的IFFT的大小。通常，不同的层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)对应的IFFT的大小是相同的，但也可以是不同的。
子载波的数量指：调度带宽中资源元素RE数量(即子载波的数量)。
需要注意的是：步骤501、步骤502、步骤503、步骤503a、步骤504中采用“层”、或“流”、或“天线端口”、或“组”，与相位偏移所参考的第一参数是关于“层”的参数，或“天线端口”的参数，或“流”的参数，或“组”的参数是解耦的。关于“层”的参数例如层索引，层的总数量；关于“天线端口”的参数例如天线端口索引，天线端口的总数量；关于“流”的参数例如流索引，流的总数量，关于“组”的参数例如组索引， 组的总数量。例如，当多个调制符号映射至多层时，第二参数可以包括层索引和层的总数量，第二参数也可以包括流索引和层的总数量，第二参数也可以包括天线端口索引和流的总数量。
接下来结合上述介绍的第二参数，详细介绍循环移位的值的几种示例：
在一种示例中，所述循环移位的第一值为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000061
或者，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000062
或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000063
取整数，或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000064
取整数；所述取整数为：向下取整、或向上取整、或四舍五入取整；
其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引、或组索引；M为大于或等于2的整数，示例的，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量、或组的总数量；j为大于或等于0的整数，示例的，j与m的最小值相同，例如，m从0开始，则j＝0，m从1开始，则j＝1，通常m从0开始；N为IFFT的大小、或子载波的数量；c为任意值，示例的，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000065
其中，k为整数，例如k的绝对值等于或小于
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000066
上述示例通常适用于离散时间域上的信号。
在一种示例中，所述循环移位的第二值为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000067
或者，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000068
或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000069
取整数，或者，对
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000070
取整数，其中，取整数为：向下取整或向上取整，或四舍五入取整；
其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引、或组索引；M为大于或等于2的整数，示例的，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量、或组的总数量；j为大于或等于0的整数，示例的，j与m的最小值相同，例如，m从0开始，则j＝0，m从1开始，则j＝1，通常m从0开始；T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔；c为任意数值，示例的，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000071
其中，k为整数，例如k的绝对值等于或小于
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000072
上述示例通常适用于连续时间域上的信号。
接下来结合上述介绍的循环移位的第一值和第二值的几种示例，详细介绍进行“循环移位”得到的第五符号的几种示例：
在介绍进行循环移位得到的第五符号之前，先介绍一下未进行循环移位得到的第四符号：
一种示例中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000073
其中，z m(p)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流、或组中的索引为p的符号(即第四符号)；y m(n)即上述公式1或公式2或公式3中介绍的y m(n)；m均从0开始，m＝0，1，2，…，M-1；
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000074
R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波的索引，R是调度的频域资源数量，例如DFT的大小为终端被调度的资源元素(resource element，RE)数量，一个RE对应一个子载波。
上述示例可以适用于离散时间域上的信号。
一种示例中，
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000075
其中，z m(t)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流、或组中的索引为t的符号(即第四符号)(符号也可以称为信号)；y m(n)即上述公式1或公式2或公式3中介绍的y m(n)；m均从0开始，m＝0，1，2，…，M-1；
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000076
R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量或调度的频域资源数量；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波的索引；t∈(-T CP,T]，T CP为循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)时间，T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔。
上述示例可以适用于连续时间域上的信号。
接下来介绍进行循环移位后的第五符号：注意：m从0开始，前文介绍的第一相位和/或第二相位中的j＝0。
例如，与公式11进行对比，循环移位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000077
后，得到的第五符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000078
例如，与公式12进行对比，循环移位：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000079
后，得到的第五符号为：
Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-000080
映射至不同的层(“层”可以替换为“天线端口”或“流”、或“组”)的符号在进行循环移位时，可以分为以下几种情况：
情况2.1、所有的第二层均移位第一值；
情况2.2、所有的第二层均移位第二值；
情况2.3、一部分第二层移位第一值，另一部分第二层移位第二值。
结合上述介绍的进行循环移位的3种情况，以及循环移位的第一值和第二值包括多种，以及不同的第二参数的取值不同等等因素，这些细节结合起来，可以得到的循环移位的示例较多，均在本申请的保护范围内，不再一一列举。
另外，协议可以规定循环移位的值。为了更好实现相干传输，即预编码对信道匹配程度更好，也可以是发送端与接收端相互协商循环移位的值。例如，发送端确定循环移位的 值，并将循环移位的值通知给接收端，或者告知接收端确定循环移位的值的方式。再例如，接收端确定循环移位的值，并将循环移位的值通知给发送端，或者告知发送端确定循环移位的值的方式。此处的发送端可以是终端或网络设备，接收端也可以是终端或网络设备。
另外，发送端(例如终端)可以只对数据进行循环移位，而DMRS不进行循环移位。当然，发送端(例如终端)可以对数据采取循环移位，也对DMRS进行循环移位，DMRS偏移的相位与数据循环移位的值可以相同也可以不同。
在上述图5的示例中，在循环移位的基础上，也可以再对一部分层的符号进行相位偏移，相位偏移的过程在步骤502的映射至多层之后，在步骤504的预编码之前即可。进行相位偏移的一部分层与进行循环移位的一部分层可以是相同的层，也可以是不同的层。
例如，在循环移位后，对第五符号进行相位偏移。
再例如，在步骤501映射至多层(层可以替换为天线端口或流或组)之后，在步骤502的DFT之前，对一部分层的调制符号进行相位偏移。则步骤502中，在进行DFT时，是对一部分层的进行相位偏移后的符号、和剩余的另一部分层的调制符号进行DFT。
再例如，在步骤502的DFT之后，在步骤503进行资源映射、逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT之前，对一部分层的第三符号进行相位偏移。则步骤503中，在进行资源映射、逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT时，是对一部分层的进行相位偏移后的符号、和剩余的另一部分层的第三符号进行资源映射、逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT。
一种示例中，该相位偏移所偏移的相位可以是一个固定的值。一种示例中，该相位偏移所偏移的相位可以参考图3a的示例中的第一参数。示例的，偏移的相位可以是图3a的示例中的第二相位，细节可以参照上文描述，不再重复赘述。在这种情况下，可以将图5的循环移位与图3a中的偏移第一相位的示例可以看作是等同的。
上述图5介绍了应用于发送端的传输信号的过程，图5的发送端对应的接收端的处理过程可以与图3b介绍的接收端的处理过程相同，重复之处不再赘述。
上述图3a、图3b、图5，以及上述介绍的多个技术细节结合，介绍了多种传输信号的方法。在一种示例中，发送端在执行这些方法之前，可以先确定是否进行单载波(即DFT-s-OFDM)多流相干传输，如果进行单载波多流相干传输，可以再执行这些方法，如果不进行单载波多流相干传输，可以按照现有技术的方法传输信号。
发送端为终端时，终端可以根据网络设备的指示和/或者预编码矩阵，确定是否进行单载波多流相干传输。或者，终端根据确定预编码矩阵，来确定是否对部分流的数据进行以下至少一项：第一相位偏移、第二相位偏移、第一循环移位。
一种示例中，网络设备可以显示指示终端是否进行单载波多流相干传输，例如，网络设备通过1bit指示终端是否进行单载波多流相干传输，例如这1bit为0时，表示进行单载波多流相干传输，这1bit为1时，表示不进行单载波多流相干传输。
一种示例中，网络设备可以隐式指示终端是否进行单载波多流相干传输，例如，网络设备通过向终端指示预编码矩阵，来指示终端是否进行单载波多流相干传输。即，网络设备通过向终端指示预编码矩阵，来指示终端是否在传输时，对部分流的数据进行以下至少一项：第一相位偏移、第二相位偏移、第一循环移位。
例如，当网络设备指示的预编码矩阵为非相干预编码矩阵(例如表1中索引为0的预 编码矩阵，表2中索引为0至5的预编码矩)时，终端不进行单载波多流相干传输。当网络设备指示的预编码矩阵为相干预编码矩阵(相干预编码矩阵可以是完全相干预编码矩阵，也可以是部分相干预编码矩阵和完全相干预编码矩阵，例如表1中索引为1和2的预编码矩阵，例如表2中索引为14至21的预编码矩)时，终端进行单载波多流相干传输。
接下来结合图6示例，介绍一种终端与网络设备之间的通信过程示意图。在该通信过程中，终端可以确定出是否进行单载波多流相干传输。
步骤600：终端接入网络设备，与网络设备建立连接关系。该过程可以参见现有的接入过程，不进行详细赘述。
步骤601：终端向网络设备上报：终端能否具有单载波多流相干传输的能力。
终端可以通过一个字段显示指示终端是否具有单载波多流相干传输的能力，或者，终端通过一个或多个字段隐含指示终端是否具有单载波多流相干传输的能力。例如，终端具有单载波(DFT-s-OFDM)传输，且终端支持OFDM上行多流相干传输时，则默认终端具有单载波多流相干传输的能力。
在另外的实现方式中，网络设备也需要具有单载波多流相干传输，即网络设备具备相关逆处理能力。网络设备可以向终端发送指示信息，指示网络设备是否具有单载波多流相干传输备的能力。指示信息可以携带在系统信息、或者无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)消息、媒介接入控制-控制单元(medium access control–control element，MAC-CE)消息、下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)等任意一个或多个信令中。
网络设备通知终端，与终端通知网络设备的先后顺序不进行限制。
通常情况下，终端或网络设备在支持多流相干传输的能力时，一定指示多流非相干传输的能力。
步骤602：终端可以进一步将一些辅助信息上报给网络设备，供网络设备调度时采纳。辅助信息可以包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：
功率余量(power headroom，PHR)、请求单载波多流相干传输的指示信息、秩(rank indicator，RI)信息、信道质量指示信息(channel quality indicator，CQI)。
步骤603：网络设备生成调度信息，并下发给终端。
调度信息可以包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：
单载波多流相干传输指示信息、波形选择(是否有转化编码transform precoding，即DFT-s-OFDM或OFDM)、发送码本索引(transmitting precoding matrix index，TPMI)、层数、调制编码策略(modulation coding scheme，MCS)、探测参考信号资源索引(sounding reference signal resource index，SRI)、时间资源分配、频域资源分配等。其中，SRI可以应用于上行非码本传输NCB，终端可以根据SRI，确定预编码矩阵。发送码本索引TPMI可以应用于码本CB传输，终端可以根据TPMI确定预编码矩阵。预编码矩阵包括相干预编码矩阵和非相干预编码矩阵，网络设备通过向终端指示预编码矩阵，来隐式指示终端是否进行单载波多流相干传输。
步骤603中的调度信息可以是网络设备根据步骤601和/或步骤602中上报的信息确定的。例如，如果终端支持上行单载波多流相干传输，则网络设备可以调度指示相干传输的预编码矩阵，或者调度指示单载波多流非相干传输。
例如，如果终端上报的PHR低于某个门限值时，网络设备可以指示上行单载波多流相 干传输。
步骤604：终端根据调度信息，采用单载波多流相干传输来传输上行信号。
具体的，可以采用如图3a的示例或如图5的示例传输上行信号，也就是终端为图3a的示例或如图5的示例中的发送端。
前文介绍了本申请实施例的方法，下文中将介绍本申请实施例中的装置。方法、装置是基于同一技术构思的，由于方法、装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例，对装置进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分为各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个模块中。这些模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，具体实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
基于与上述方法的同一技术构思，参见图7，提供了一种传输信号的装置700(传输信号的装置也可以看作为通信装置)结构示意图，该装置700可以为发送端，也可以为应用于发送端中的芯片或功能单元。该装置700具有上述方法中发送端的任意功能，例如，该装置700能够执行上述图2a、图3a、图5和图6的方法中由发送端执行的各个步骤。
该装置700可以包括：处理模块710，可选的，还包括接收模块720a、发送模块720b，存储模块730。处理模块710可以分别与存储模块730和接收模块720a和发送模块720b相连，所述存储模块730也可以与接收模块720a和发送模块720b相连。
所述接收模块720a，可以执行上述方法实施例中发送端执行的接收动作。
所述发送模块720b，可以执行上述方法实施例中发送端执行的发送动作。
所述处理模块710，可以执行上述方法实施例中发送端执行的动作中，除发送动作和接收动作外的其它动作。
在一种示例中，处理模块710，用于将多个调制符号映射至多层；对一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到第一符号，并对剩余的另一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT和相位偏移，得到第二符号；分别对第一符号和第二符号，进行第一处理，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号；发送模块720b，用于发送所述DFT-s-OFDM信号。
相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。相位偏移所偏移的相位可以是上文描述的第一相位和/或第二相位。
在一种示例中，处理模块710，用于将多个调制符号映射至多层；对每一层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到每一层的第三符号；对每一层的第三符号进行频域资源映射和逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，得到每一层的第四符号；对一部分层的第四符号进行循环移位，得到所述一部分层中的每一层的第五符号；对所述第一部分中的第五符号和剩余的另一部分层中的第四符号进行预编码，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号；发送模块720b，用于发送所述DFT-s-OFDM信号。
循环移位的值与第二参数有关，所述第二参数包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：层索 引，天线端口索引，流索引，DFT的大小，调制符号的数量，层的总数量，天线端口的总数量，流的总数量，IFFT的大小，子载波的数量，子载波间隔。循环移位的值可以是上文描述的第一值或第二值。
所述处理模块710，还可以用于对一部分层的符号进行相位偏移。
相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。相位偏移所偏移的相位可以是上文描述的第二相位。
在一种示例中，所述存储模块730，可以存储发送端执行的方法的计算机执行指令，以使处理模块710和接收模块720a和发送模块720b执行上述示例中发送端执行的方法。
上述的接收模块720a和发送模块720b也可以集成在一起，定义为收发模块。
示例的，存储模块可以包括一个或者多个存储器，存储器可以是一个或者多个设备、电路中用于存储程序或者数据的器件。存储模块可以是寄存器、缓存或者RAM等，存储模块可以和处理模块集成在一起。存储模块可以是ROM或者可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，存储模块可以与处理模块相独立。
所述收发模块可以是输入或者输出接口、管脚或者电路等。
以上介绍了本申请实施例的应用于发送端的装置，以下介绍所述应用于发送端的装置可能的产品形态。应理解，但凡具备上述图7所述的应用于发送端的装置的特征的任何形态的产品，都落入本申请的保护范围。还应理解，以下介绍仅为举例，不应限制本申请实施例的应用于发送端的装置的产品形态仅限于此。
作为一种可能的产品形态，装置可以由一般性的总线体系结构来实现。
如图8所示，提供了一种传输信号的装置(传输信号的装置也可以看作为通信装置)800的示意性框图。该装置800可以为发送端，也可以为应用于发送端中的芯片。应理解，该装置具有上述方法中发送端的任意功能，例如，所述装置800能够执行上述图2a、图3a、图5和图6的方法中由发送端执行的各个步骤。
该装置800可以包括：处理器810，可选的，还包括收发器820、存储器830。该收发器820，可以用于接收程序或指令并传输至所述处理器810，或者，该收发器820可以用于该装置800与其他通信设备进行通信交互，比如交互控制信令和/或业务数据等。该收发器820可以为代码和/或数据读写收发器，或者，该收发器820可以为处理器与收发机之间的信号传输收发器。所述处理器810和所述存储器830之间电耦合。
示例的，所述存储器830，用于存储计算机程序；所述处理器810，可以用于调用所述存储器830中存储的计算机程序或指令，执行上述示例中发送端执行的方法，或者通过所述收发器820执行上述示例中发送端执行的方法。
图7中的处理模块710可以通过所述处理器810来实现。
图7中的接收模块720a和发送模块720b可以通过所述收发器820来实现。或者，收发器820分为接收器和发送器，接收器执行接收模块的功能，发送器执行发送模块的功能。
图7中的存储模块730可以通过所述存储器830来实现。
作为一种可能的产品形态，装置可以由通用处理器(通用处理器也可以称为芯片或芯片系统)来实现。
一种可能的实现方式中，实现应用于发送端的装置的通用处理器包括：处理电路(处理电路也可以称为处理器)；可选的，还包括：与所述处理电路内部连接通信的输入输出接口、存储介质(存储介质也可以称为存储器)，所述存储介质用于存储处理电路执行的指令，以执行上述示例中发送端执行的方法。
图7中的处理模块710可以通过处理电路来实现。
图7中的接收模块720a和发送模块720b可以通过输入输出接口来实现。或者，输入输出接口分为输入接口和输出接口，输入接口执行接收模块的功能，输出接口执行发送模块的功能。
图7中的存储模块730可以通过存储介质来实现。
作为一种可能的产品形态，本申请实施例的装置，还可以使用下述来实现：一个或多个FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)、PLD(可编程逻辑器件)、控制器、状态机、门逻辑、分立硬件部件、任何其它适合的电路、或者能够执行本申请通篇所描述的各种功能的电路的任意组合。
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图。
终端包括：至少一个处理器1211、至少一个收发器1212。在一种可能的示例中，终端还可以包括：至少一个存储器1213、输出设备1214、输入设备1215和一个或多个天线1216。其中，处理器1211、存储器1213和收发器1212相连。天线1216与收发器1212相连，输出设备1214、输入设备1215与处理器1211相连。
存储器1213可以是独立存在，与处理器1211相连。在另一种示例中，存储器1213也可以和处理器1211集成在一起，例如集成在一个芯片之内。其中，存储器1213能够存储执行本申请实施例的技术方案的程序代码，并由处理器1211来控制执行，被执行的各类计算机程序代码也可被视为是处理器1211的驱动程序。例如，处理器1211用于执行存储器1213中存储的计算机程序代码，从而实现本申请实施例中的技术方案。
收发器1212可以用于支持终端与终端、或者终端与网络设备、或者终端与其它设备之间射频信号的接收或者发送，收发器1212可以与天线1216相连。收发器1212包括发射机Tx和接收机Rx。具体地，一个或多个天线1216可以接收射频信号，该收发器1212的接收机Rx用于从天线接收所述射频信号，并将射频信号转换为数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该数字基带信号或数字中频信号提供给所述处理器1211，以便处理器1211对该数字基带信号或数字中频信号做进一步的处理，例如解调处理和译码处理。此外，收发器1212中的发射机Tx还用于从处理器1211接收经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号，并将该经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号转换为射频信号，并通过一个或多个天线1216发送所述射频信号。具体地，接收机Rx可以选择性地对射频信号进行一级或多级下混频处理和模数转换处理以得到数字基带信号或数字中频信号，所述下混频处理和模数转换处理的先后顺序是可调整的。发射机Tx可以选择性地对经过调制的数字基带信号或数字中频信号时进行一级或多级上混频处理和数模转换处理以得到射频信号，所述上混频处理和数模转换处理的先后顺序是可调整的。数字基带信号和数字中频信号可以统称为数字信号。
处理器1211可以用于为终端实现各种功能，例如用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，或者用于对整个终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据；或者用于协助完成计算处理任务，例如对图形图像处理或者音频处理等等；或者处理器1211用于实现上述功能中的一种或者多种。
输出设备1214和处理器1211通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备1214可以是液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD就)、发光二级管(Light Emitting Diode，LED)显示设备、阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube，CRT)显示设备、或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备1215和处理器1211通信，可以采用多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备1215可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
另外，网络设备的硬件结构与图9所示的终端的硬件结构类似，例如网络设备可以包括：至少一个处理器、至少一个收发器。在一种可能的示例中，网络设备还可以包括：至少一个存储器、一个或多个天线。在一种可能的示例中，收发器可以包括发射机Tx和接收机Rx。其中，处理器、存储器和收发器相连，天线与收发器相连。
每个器件可以用于为网络设备实现各种功能，这与图9中每个器件用于为终端实现各种功能类似，不再重复赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，可以使得所述计算机用于执行上述传输信号的方法。或者说：所述计算机程序包括用于实现上述传输信号的方法的指令。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述提供的传输信号的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信的系统，所述通信系统包括：执行上述传输信号的方法的发送端和接收端。
另外，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，基带处理器，基带处理器和CPU可以集成在一起，或者分开，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片或其他通用处理器。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)及其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等或其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步 动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本申请描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例中提及的收发器中可以包括单独的发送器，和/或，单独的接收器，也可以是发送器和接收器集成一体。收发器可以在相应的处理器的指示下工作。可选的，发送器可以对应物理设备中发射机，接收器可以对应物理设备中的接收机。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例中描述的各方法步骤和单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各实施例的步骤及组成。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域普通技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参见前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包括有计算机可用程序代码的计算机 可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请中的“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。本申请中所涉及的多个，是指两个或两个以上。另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序或指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序或指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序或指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序或指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包括这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (43)

  1. 一种传输信号的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层；
    发送端对一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到第一符号，并对剩余的另一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT和相位偏移，得到第二符号；
    所述发送端分别对第一符号和第二符号，进行第一处理，得到离散傅里叶变换-扩展-正交频分复用DFT-s-OFDM信号，并发送。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一处理包括以下的一项或多项：
    频域资源映射，逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，预编码。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：
    层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的相位包括第一相位和/或第二相位；
    所述第一相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100001
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100002
    j为大于或等于0的整数，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量，n为符号的索引、或子载波的索引，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数；
    或者，所述第一相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100003
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100004
    j为大于或等于0的整数，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量，n为符号的索引、或子载波的索引，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，d大于0；
    或者，所述第二相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100005
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100006
    j为大于或等于0的整数，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，Q大于0。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，j与m的最小值相同。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量。
  7. 如权利要求4-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，d＝k/R，k为大于或等于0的整数。
  8. 如权利要求4-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，Q与调制阶数有关。
  9. 如权利要求4-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当偏移的相位为第一相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100007
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100008
    或者，
    当偏移的相位为第一相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100009
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100010
    或者，
    当偏移的相位为第二相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100011
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100012
    或者，
    当偏移的相位包括的第一相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100013
    和第二相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100014
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100015
    其中，m为大于或等于0且小于或等于M-1的整数；x m，r为调制符号，r为调制符号的索引，r为大于或等于0且小于或等于R-1的整数。
  10. 一种传输信号的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层；
    所述发送端对每一层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到每一层的第三符号；
    所述发送端对每一层的第三符号进行频域资源映射和逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，得到每一层的第四符号；
    所述发送端对一部分层的第四符号进行循环移位，得到所述一部分层中的每一层的第五符号；
    所述发送端对所述第一部分中的第五符号和剩余的另一部分层中的第四符号进行预编码，得到离散傅里叶变换-扩展-正交频分复用DFT-s-OFDM信号，并发送。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，循环移位的值与第二参数有关，所述第二参数包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：
    层索引，天线端口索引，流索引，DFT的大小，调制符号的数量，层的总数量，天线端口的总数量，流的总数量，IFFT的大小，子载波的数量，子载波间隔。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，循环移位的值为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100016
    或者，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100017
    或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100018
    取整数，或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100019
    取整数；所述取整数为：向下取整、或向上取整、或四舍五入取整；
    其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引；M为大于或等于2的整数；j为大于或等于0的整数；N为IFFT的大小、或子载波的数量；c为任意值；
    或者，循环移位的值为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100020
    或者，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100021
    或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100022
    取整数，或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100023
    取整数，其中，取整数为：向下取整或向上取整，或四舍五入取整；
    其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引；M为大于或等于2的整数；j为大于或等于0的整数；T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波的间隔；c为任意数值。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100024
    其中，k为整数。
  14. 如权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量。
  15. 如权利要求12-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，j与m的最小值相同。
  16. 如权利要求12-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当循环移位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100025
    时，所述第五符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100026
    其中，z m(p)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为p的第五符号，y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为n的第三符号，m为大于或等于0且小于或等于M-1的整数；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波索引；
    或者，当循环移位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100027
    时，所述第五符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100028
    其中，z m(t)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为t的第五符号，y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为n的第三符号，m为大于或等于0且小于或等于M-1的整数；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波索引；t∈(-T CP,T]，T CP为循环前缀CP时间，T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔。
  17. 如权利要求10-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，发送端将多个调制符号映射至多层之后，在对所述第一部分中的第五符号和剩余的另一部分层中的第四符号进行预编码之前，还包括：
    对一部分层的符号进行相位偏移。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：
    层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。
  19. 如权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的第二相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100029
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100030
    j为大于或等于0的整数，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，Q大于0。
  20. 一种传输信号的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理模块，用于将多个调制符号映射至多层；对一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到第一符号，并对剩余的另一部分层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT和相位偏移，得到第二符号；分别对第一符号和第二符号，进行第一处理，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号；
    发送模块，用于发送所述DFT-s-OFDM信号。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一处理包括以下的一项或多项：
    频域资源映射，逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，预编码。
  22. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：
    层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。
  23. 如权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的相位包括第一相位和/或第二相位；
    所述第一相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100031
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100032
    j为大于或等于0的整数，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量，n为符号的索引、或子载波的索引，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数；
    或者，所述第一相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100033
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100034
    j为大于或等于0的整数，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量，n为符号的索引、或子载波的索引，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，d大于0；
    或者，所述第二相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100035
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100036
    j为大于或等于0的整数，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，Q大于0。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，j与m的最小值相同。
  25. 如权利要求23或24所述的装置，其特征在于，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量。
  26. 如权利要求23-25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，d＝k/R，k为大于或等于0的 整数。
  27. 如权利要求23-26任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，Q与调制阶数有关。
  28. 如权利要求23-27任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当偏移的相位为第一相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100037
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100038
    或者，
    当偏移的相位为第一相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100039
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100040
    或者，
    当偏移的相位为第二相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100041
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100042
    或者，
    当偏移的相位包括的第一相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100043
    和第二相位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100044
    时，所述第二符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100045
    其中，m为大于或等于0且小于或等于M-1的整数；x m，r为调制符号，r为调制符号的索引，r为大于或等于0且小于或等于R-1的整数。
  29. 一种传输信号的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    处理模块，用于将多个调制符号映射至多层；对每一层的调制符号进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，得到每一层的第三符号；对每一层的第三符号进行频域资源映射和逆快速傅里叶变换IFFT，得到每一层的第四符号；对一部分层的第四符号进行循环移位，得到所述一部分层中的每一层的第五符号；对所述第一部分中的第五符号和剩余的另一部分层中的第四符号进行预编码，得到DFT-s-OFDM信号；
    发送模块，用于发送所述DFT-s-OFDM信号。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，循环移位的值与第二参数有关，所述第二参数包括但不限于以下的一项或多项：
    层索引，天线端口索引，流索引，DFT的大小，调制符号的数量，层的总数量，天线端口的总数量，流的总数量，IFFT的大小，子载波的数量，子载波间隔。
  31. 如权利要求29或30所述的装置，其特征在于，循环移位的值为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100046
    或者，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100047
    或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100048
    取整数，或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100049
    取整数；所述取整数为：向下取整、或向上取整、或四舍五入取整；
    其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索 引；M为大于或等于2的整数；j为大于或等于0的整数；N为IFFT的大小、或子载波的数量；c为任意值；
    或者，循环移位的值为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100050
    或者，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100051
    或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100052
    取整数，或者，对
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100053
    取整数，其中，取整数为：向下取整或向上取整，或四舍五入取整；
    其中，R为DFT的大小、或调制符号的数量；m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引；M为大于或等于2的整数；j为大于或等于0的整数；T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔；c为任意数值。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100054
    其中，k为整数。
  33. 如权利要求31或32所述的装置，其特征在于，M为层的总数量、或天线端口的总数量、或流的总数量。
  34. 如权利要求31-33任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，j与m的最小值相同。
  35. 如权利要求31-34任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当循环移位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100055
    时，所述第五符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100056
    其中，z m(p)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为p的第五符号，y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为n的第三符号，m为大于或等于0且小于或等于M-1的整数；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波索引；
    或者，当循环移位：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100057
    时，所述第五符号为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100058
    其中，z m(t)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为t的第五符号，y m(n)为索引为m的层、或天线端口、或流中的索引为n的第三符号，m为大于或等于0且小于或等于M-1的整数；N为IFFT大小、或子载波数量；n 0为终端被调度的起始子载波索引；p＝0，1，2…，N-1；n为子载波索引；t∈(-T CP,T]，T CP为循环前缀CP时间，T＝1/Δf，Δf为子载波间隔。
  36. 如权利要求29-35任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于对一部分层的符号进行相位偏移。
  37. 如权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的相位与第一参数有关；所述第一参数包括以下的一项或多项：
    层索引、天线端口索引、流索引、符号索引、子载波索引、DFT的大小、调制符号的数量、层的总数量、天线端口的总数量、流的总数量、调制阶数、调制星座符号数量。
  38. 如权利要求36或37所述的装置，其特征在于，相位偏移所偏移的第二相位为：
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100059
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2020121267-appb-100060
    j为大于或等于0的整数，m为层索引、或天线端口索引、或流索引，M为大于或等于2的整数，Q大于0。
  39. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序或指令；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中的部分或者全部计算机程序或指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序或指令被执行时，用于实现如权利要求1-19任一项所述的方法。
  40. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，所述芯片系统包括：处理电路；所述处理电路与存储介质耦合；
    所述处理电路，用于执行所述存储介质中的部分或者全部计算机程序或指令，当所述部分或者全部计算机程序或指令被执行时，用于实现如权利要求1-19任一项所述的方法。
  41. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括用于实现权利要求1-19任一项所述的方法的指令。
  42. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-19任一项所述的方法。
  43. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器；
    所述处理器，用于执行计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，用于实现如权利要求1-19任一项所述的方法。
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