WO2022077973A1 - 光伏供电系统及其控制方法、空调机组 - Google Patents

光伏供电系统及其控制方法、空调机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022077973A1
WO2022077973A1 PCT/CN2021/105667 CN2021105667W WO2022077973A1 WO 2022077973 A1 WO2022077973 A1 WO 2022077973A1 CN 2021105667 W CN2021105667 W CN 2021105667W WO 2022077973 A1 WO2022077973 A1 WO 2022077973A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grid
photovoltaic
converter
bus
switch assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/105667
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈宁宁
俞贤桥
王京
黄猛
党培育
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Publication date
Application filed by Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai filed Critical Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority to EP21879021.0A priority Critical patent/EP4164081A4/en
Priority to AU2021361780A priority patent/AU2021361780A1/en
Priority to US18/016,257 priority patent/US12483036B2/en
Publication of WO2022077973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022077973A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/88—Electrical aspects, e.g. circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • F24F2005/0067—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy with photovoltaic panels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for DC mains or DC distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of DC sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • H02J2101/22—Solar energy
    • H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic power supply system, a control method thereof, and an air conditioning unit.
  • the photovoltaic cell voltage is connected to the high-voltage DC bus through the DC/DC converter, the DC/DC converter realizes the boost function, and outputs the connected photovoltaic cell panel.
  • the voltage is boosted to the set DC bus voltage.
  • a photovoltaic power supply system comprising: a photovoltaic panel; a DC bus; a DC/DC converter, one end of which is connected to the photovoltaic panel and the other end is connected to the DC bus; a switch assembly, It is arranged in parallel with the DC/DC converter, one end is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to the DC bus, which is used to control the grid connection mode of the photovoltaic panel.
  • the DC converter is merged into the DC bus; when the switch assembly is closed, the photovoltaic panels are directly merged into the DC bus.
  • the photovoltaic power supply system further includes: an energy storage system, located between the DC/DC converter and the DC bus, and arranged in parallel with the DC bus, for supplying power to the DC bus or storing power from the DC bus.
  • the photovoltaic power supply system further includes: a DC/AC converter, one end of which is connected to the DC bus and the other end is connected to the AC power grid, for converting the DC power of the DC bus into AC power and then supplying power to the AC power grid.
  • a DC/DC converter is used to step up or step down the output voltage of the photovoltaic panels into the DC bus.
  • a method for controlling a photovoltaic power supply system including: detecting an operating state of an energy storage system and an output voltage of a photovoltaic panel; The voltage determines the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels; according to the grid-connected form, the operation of the switch components and the DC/DC converter is controlled.
  • determining the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels according to the operating state of the energy storage system and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panels includes: when the energy storage system is running, judging whether the output voltage of the photovoltaic panels is greater than a first preset voltage. Set the voltage value; wherein, the first preset voltage value is the voltage value of the DC bus; if so, determine that the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panel is step-down grid-connected; otherwise, determine that the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panel is boost connected to the grid.
  • controlling the operation of the switch assembly and the DC/DC converter according to the grid-connected form includes: when the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels is step-down grid-connected, controlling the switch assembly to disconnect, and controlling the DC/DC The DC converter operates in a step-down manner; when the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels is a step-up grid-connection, the control switch component is disconnected, and the DC/DC converter is controlled for a step-up operation.
  • determining the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels according to the operating state of the energy storage system and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panels further includes: when the energy storage system is not running, determining whether the output voltage of the photovoltaic panels is greater than the first Two preset voltage values; wherein, the second preset voltage value is the minimum voltage value that drives the DC/AC converter to operate; if yes, determine that the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels is direct grid-connection; otherwise, determine that the photovoltaic cells
  • the grid connection form of the board is boost grid connection.
  • controlling the operation of the switch assembly and the DC/DC converter according to the grid-connected form includes: when the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels is directly connected to the grid, controlling the switch assembly to close, and the photovoltaic panel directly connected to the grid DC bus; when the grid-connected form of photovoltaic panels is boost grid-connected, the control switch component is disconnected, and the DC/DC converter is controlled to boost operation.
  • an air conditioning unit including the above photovoltaic power supply system, and the compressor of the air conditioning unit is powered by a DC bus.
  • a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, when executed by a computer processor, the computer-executable instructions are used to execute the above photovoltaic power supply system control method.
  • a photovoltaic power supply system that realizes the self-adaptation of the working mode.
  • the switch component is arranged in parallel with the DC/DC converter to control the grid connection mode of the photovoltaic panels.
  • the photovoltaic panel is merged into the DC bus through the DC/DC converter, and when the switch assembly is closed, the photovoltaic panel is directly merged into the DC bus.
  • the photovoltaic panels can be directly connected to the DC bus to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power consumption, relieve the heat dissipation pressure of the system during the operation of photovoltaic power generation, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power supply system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a photovoltaic power supply system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the photovoltaic power supply system when the energy storage system is in operation according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the photovoltaic power supply system when the energy storage system is not operating and the DC/DC converter is not operating according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the photovoltaic power supply system when the energy storage system is not in operation and the DC/DC converter is in operation, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a photovoltaic power supply system according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Photovoltaic panel 2. DC bus; 3. DC/DC converter; 4. Switch assembly; 5. Energy storage system; 6. DC/AC converter; 7. Compressor drive; 8. Motor; 9. AC power grid.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power supply system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the system includes:
  • One end of the DC/DC converter 3 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 1, and the other end is connected to the DC bus 2;
  • the switch assembly 4 is arranged in parallel with the DC/DC converter 3 , one end is connected to the photovoltaic panel 1 , and the other end is connected to the DC bus 2 , for controlling the grid connection mode of the photovoltaic panel 1 .
  • the switch assembly 4 is turned off, the photovoltaic panel 1 is merged into the DC bus 2 through the DC/DC converter 3 ; when the switch assembly 4 is closed, the photovoltaic panel 1 is directly merged into the DC bus 2 .
  • a photovoltaic power supply system that realizes the self-adaptation of the working mode.
  • the switch component is arranged in parallel with the DC/DC converter to control the grid connection mode of the photovoltaic panels.
  • the photovoltaic panel is merged into the DC bus through the DC/DC converter, and when the switch assembly is closed, the photovoltaic panel is directly merged into the DC bus.
  • the photovoltaic panels can be directly connected to the DC bus to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power consumption, relieve the heat dissipation pressure of the system during the operation of photovoltaic power generation, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the system.
  • the supply voltage of the photovoltaic panels may be higher than the DC bus voltage.
  • the open-circuit voltage of the connected photovoltaic panels should not be greater than the DC bus voltage, so the number of connected photovoltaic panels is limited.
  • the DC/DC converter 3 in some embodiments of the present disclosure boosts or bucks the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell panel 1 and then merges it into the DC bus 2 .
  • the step-down operation is performed (the photovoltaic air-conditioning system known to the inventor is generally boosted operation), thereby solving the problem of the limited number of connected photovoltaic panels and increasing the number of connected panels. quantity. Even if the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic panel is greater than the bus voltage, the bus voltage can still be maintained stable.
  • the switch assembly 4 includes a first switch K1 and a second switch K2.
  • the photovoltaic power supply system further includes a capacitor C1 for maintaining a stable bus voltage.
  • the photovoltaic power supply system further includes: an energy storage system 5, located between the DC/DC converter 3 and the DC bus 2, and arranged in parallel with the DC bus 2, for supplying power to the DC bus 2 or from the DC bus 2 power storage.
  • an energy storage system located between the DC/DC converter 3 and the DC bus 2, and arranged in parallel with the DC bus 2, for supplying power to the DC bus 2 or from the DC bus 2 power storage.
  • the DC/DC converter 3 when the energy storage system is connected to the photovoltaic power supply system for operation, the voltage of the DC bus 2 is stable, the DC/DC converter 3 operates, and the boosting and buckling operations can be realized according to the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 1 .
  • the DC/DC converter 3 When the energy storage system is not running and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 1 is greater than the set value, the DC/DC converter 3 does not operate, the photovoltaic power is directly connected to the bus, and the bus voltage changes with the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 1.
  • the DC/DC converter 3 boosts operation, maintains the voltage of the DC bus 2, and realizes the inverter Normal operation; in this system, the DC/DC converter 3 can freely switch the working state according to the system mode and related parameters to achieve boost, buck or no operation, and the number of photovoltaic panels is configured more flexibly, and the market application is more common change.
  • the photovoltaic power supply system further includes a DC/AC converter 6, one end is connected to the DC bus 2, and the other end is connected to the AC grid 9, for converting the DC power of the DC bus 2 into After the alternating current, the alternating current grid 9 is supplied with power.
  • the photovoltaic power supply system can also be directly connected to the compressor drive 7 to drive the compressor motor 8 to operate to supply power to the air conditioner.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a photovoltaic power supply system control method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2 , the method includes the following steps S202-S206:
  • S204 Determine the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panels according to the operating state of the energy storage system and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panels;
  • S206 Control the operation of the switch assembly and the DC/DC converter according to the grid-connected form.
  • a photovoltaic power supply system that realizes the self-adaptation of the working mode
  • the switch component is arranged in parallel with the DC/DC converter to control the grid connection mode of the photovoltaic panels.
  • the switch assembly When the switch assembly is turned off, the photovoltaic panel is merged into the DC bus through the DC/DC converter, and when the switch assembly is closed, the photovoltaic panel is directly merged into the DC bus.
  • the above method can solve the problem of power loss when the DC/DC converter is always boosted and operated when the photovoltaic panel generates electricity.
  • the photovoltaic panels can be directly connected to the DC bus to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power consumption, relieve the heat dissipation pressure of the system during the operation of photovoltaic power generation, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the system.
  • the system includes a DC/DC part, a DC/AC part, an energy storage system 5, a compressor drive 7 and a motor 8 part, switch components K1/K2, and the photovoltaic panel 1 is an external system component in the project .
  • the photovoltaic power generation can be connected to the DC bus 2 through the DC/DC converter 3, or directly connected to the DC bus 2 through the controllable switches K1/K2.
  • the DC/DC converter 3 is omitted, and the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation is improved. It is not necessary to consider the heat dissipation of the power tube in this part; the DC/DC converter 3 can be operated in a step-up manner or in a step-down operation.
  • the energy storage system 5 has different working states. According to the working state of the energy storage system 5, the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic air conditioner is also different. Specifically, determining the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panel 1 according to the operating state of the energy storage system 5 and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 1 includes: when the energy storage system 5 is running, judging whether the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 1 is greater than the first A preset voltage value; wherein, the first preset voltage value is the voltage value of the DC bus 2; if so, determine that the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panel 1 is step-down grid-connected; otherwise, determine that the photovoltaic panel 1 is connected to the grid.
  • the grid form is boost grid connection.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the photovoltaic power supply system when the energy storage system is running. As shown in FIG. 3 , the energy storage system 5 is running, the switch assembly 4 is disconnected, the DC/DC converter 3 is boosted or stepped down, and the photovoltaic The power generation can be connected to the grid or supplied to the compressor.
  • the energy storage system 5 also has a non-operational state.
  • determining the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panel 1 according to the operation state of the energy storage system 5 and the output voltage of the photovoltaic panel 1 includes: judging: Whether the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell panel 1 is greater than the second preset voltage value; wherein, the second preset voltage value is the minimum voltage value that drives the DC/AC converter 6 to operate; if so, determine the parallelism of the photovoltaic cell panel 1
  • the grid connection form is direct grid connection; otherwise, it is determined that the grid connection form of the photovoltaic panel 1 is boost grid connection.
  • controlling the operation of the switch assembly 4 and the DC/DC converter 3 according to the grid-connected form includes: when the grid-connected form of the photovoltaic panel 1 is directly connected to the grid, the control switch assembly 4 is closed, and the photovoltaic panel 1 is directly connected to the grid. into DC bus 2.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the photovoltaic power supply system when the energy storage system is not running and the DC/DC converter is not running. As shown in Figure 4, the DC/DC converter 3 is not running, the switches K1/K2 are closed, and the photovoltaic The power generation is directly connected to the DC bus 2 through the controllable switches K1/K2, which improves the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation and relieves the heat dissipation pressure of the system.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the photovoltaic power supply system when the energy storage system is not running and the DC/DC converter is running.
  • the controllable switches K1/K2 are disconnected, and the DC/DC converter 3 is boosted and operated , to maintain the normal operation of the inverter grid in the system.
  • photovoltaic power generation can also be connected to the grid, and can also be supplied to the compressor.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of a photovoltaic power supply system control method according to other embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6 , the method includes the following steps S602-S618:
  • step S604 whether the energy storage system is running; if it is running, go to step S606, otherwise, go to step S612;
  • step S606 determine whether the photovoltaic voltage is greater than the set value U1; if so, go to step S610, otherwise, go to step S608;
  • step S612 determine whether the photovoltaic voltage is greater than the set value U2; if so, go to step S614, otherwise, go to step S616;
  • photovoltaic power generation can also be connected to the grid, and can also be supplied to the compressor.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an air conditioning unit, the air conditioning unit is a photovoltaic air conditioning unit, including the above photovoltaic power supply system, wherein the compressor of the air conditioning unit adopts DC Bus power supply.
  • a photovoltaic power supply system that realizes the self-adaptation of the working mode
  • the switch component is arranged in parallel with the DC/DC converter to control the grid connection mode of the photovoltaic panels.
  • the switch assembly When the switch assembly is turned off, the photovoltaic panel is merged into the DC bus through the DC/DC converter, and when the switch assembly is closed, the photovoltaic panel is directly merged into the DC bus.
  • the above method can solve the problem of power loss when the DC/DC converter is always boosted and operated when the photovoltaic panel generates electricity.
  • the photovoltaic panels can be directly connected to the DC bus to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power consumption, relieve the heat dissipation pressure of the system during the operation of photovoltaic power generation, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the system.
  • a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions is also provided, and the computer-executable instructions are used for executing when executed by a computer processor.
  • the photovoltaic power supply system control method as described above.
  • a photovoltaic power supply system that realizes the self-adaptation of the working mode
  • the switch component is arranged in parallel with the DC/DC converter to control the grid connection mode of the photovoltaic panels.
  • the switch assembly When the switch assembly is turned off, the photovoltaic panel is merged into the DC bus through the DC/DC converter, and when the switch assembly is closed, the photovoltaic panel is directly merged into the DC bus.
  • the above method can solve the problem of power loss when the DC/DC converter is always boosted and operated when the photovoltaic panel generates electricity.
  • the photovoltaic panels can be directly connected to the DC bus to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power consumption, relieve the heat dissipation pressure of the system during the operation of photovoltaic power generation, and improve the heat dissipation effect of the system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本公开公开了一种光伏供电系统及其控制方法、空调机组，其中，该系统包括：光伏电池板；直流母线；DC/DC变流器，一端与光伏电池板连接，另一端与直流母线连接；开关组件，与DC/DC变流器并联设置，一端与光伏电池板连接，另一端与直流母线连接，用于控制光伏电池板的并网方式；其中，在开关组件断开时，光伏电池板通过DC/DC变流器并入直流母线；在开关组件闭合时，光伏电池板直接并入直流母线。

Description

光伏供电系统及其控制方法、空调机组
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是以CN申请号为202011105878.3、申请日为2020年10月15日的申请，以及CN申请号为202110038982.3、申请日为2021年1月12日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，前述CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种光伏供电系统及其控制方法、空调机组。
背景技术
在发明人知晓的光伏(储能)空调系统中，光伏电池电压经DC/DC变流器接入高压直流母线，该DC/DC变流器实现升压功能，将接入的光伏电池板输出电压升压至设定的直流母线电压。
发明内容
根据本公开实施例的一个方面，提供了一种光伏供电系统，包括：光伏电池板；直流母线；DC/DC变流器，一端与光伏电池板连接，另一端与直流母线连接；开关组件，与DC/DC变流器并联设置，一端与光伏电池板连接，另一端与直流母线连接，用于控制光伏电池板的并网方式；其中，在开关组件断开时，光伏电池板通过DC/DC变流器并入直流母线；在开关组件闭合时，光伏电池板直接并入直流母线。
在一些实施例中，光伏供电系统还包括：储能系统，位于DC/DC变流器和直流母线之间，与直流母线并联设置，用于为直流母线供电或从直流母线储电。
在一些实施例中，光伏供电系统还包括：DC/AC变流器，一端与直流母线连接，另一端与交流电网连接，用于将直流母线的直流电转换为交流电后为交流电网供电。
在一些实施例中，DC/DC变流器用于将光伏电池板的输出电压进行升压或降压后并入直流母线。
根据本公开实施例的另一方面，提供了一种光伏供电系统控制方法，包括：检测储能系统的运行状态和光伏电池板的输出电压；根据储能系统的运行状态和光伏电池板的输出电压确定光伏电池板的并网形式；根据并网形式控制开关组件和DC/DC变 流器的运行。
在一些实施例中，根据储能系统的运行状态和光伏电池板的输出电压确定光伏电池板的并网形式，包括：在储能系统运行时，判断光伏电池板的输出电压是否大于第一预设电压值；其中，第一预设电压值为直流母线的电压值；如果是，则确定光伏电池板的并网形式为降压并网；否则，确定光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网。
在一些实施例中，根据并网形式控制开关组件和DC/DC变流器的运行，包括：在光伏电池板的并网形式为降压并网时，控制开关组件断开，并控制DC/DC变流器降压运行；在光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网时，控制开关组件断开，并控制DC/DC变流器升压运行。
在一些实施例中，根据储能系统的运行状态和光伏电池板的输出电压确定光伏电池板的并网形式，还包括：在储能系统不运行时，判断光伏电池板的输出电压是否大于第二预设电压值；其中，第二预设电压值为驱使DC/AC变流器运行的最小电压值；如果是，则确定光伏电池板的并网形式为直接并网；否则，确定光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网。
在一些实施例中，根据并网形式控制开关组件和DC/DC变流器的运行，包括：在光伏电池板的并网形式为直接并网时，控制开关组件闭合，光伏电池板直接接入直流母线；在光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网时，控制开关组件断开，并控制DC/DC变流器升压运行。
根据本公开实施例的又一方面，提供了一种空调机组，包括上述的光伏供电系统，空调机组的压缩机采用直流母线供电。
根据本公开实施例的又一方面，提供了一种包含计算机可执行指令的存储介质，所述计算机可执行指令在由计算机处理器执行时用于执行如上述的光伏供电系统控制方法。
在本公开中，提出一种实现工作模式自适应的光伏供电系统，开关组件与DC/DC变流器并联设置，用于控制光伏电池板的并网方式。在开关组件断开时，光伏电池板通过DC/DC变流器并入直流母线，在开关组件闭合时，光伏电池板直接并入直流母线。通过上述方式可以解决光伏电池板发电时DC/DC变流器始终升压运行，存在功率损耗的问题。同时，光伏电池板可以直接接入直流母线，提高光伏用电效率，能够缓解光伏发电运行时系统的散热压力，改善系统散热效果。
附图说明
图1是根据本公开一些实施例的光伏供电系统的结构示意图；
图2是根据本公开一些实施例的光伏供电系统控制方法的流程图；
图3是根据本公开一些实施例的储能系统运行时光伏供电系统的运行示意图；
图4是根据本公开一些实施例的储能系统不运行且DC/DC变流器也不运行时光伏供电系统的运行示意图；
图5是根据本公开一些实施例的储能系统不运行且DC/DC变流器运行时光伏供电系统的运行示意图；以及
图6是根据本公开另一些实施例的光伏供电系统控制方法的流程图。
附图标记说明：
1、光伏电池板；2、直流母线；3、DC/DC变流器；4、开关组件；5、储能系统；6、DC/AC变流器；7、压缩机驱动；8、电机；9、交流电网。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
发明人知晓的光伏空调系统中，当光伏电池板发电时，DC/DC变流器始终运行，存在功率损耗，给光伏空调系统的散热带来压力。
在本公开一些实施例中提供了一种光伏供电系统。图1示出根据本公开一些实施例的光伏供电系统的结构示意图。如图1所示，该系统包括：
光伏电池板1；
直流母线2；
DC/DC变流器3，一端与光伏电池板1连接，另一端与直流母线2连接；
开关组件4，与DC/DC变流器3并联设置，一端与光伏电池板1连接，另一端与直流母线2连接，用于控制光伏电池板1的并网方式。在开关组件4断开时，光伏电池板1通过DC/DC变流器3并入直流母线2；在开关组件4闭合时，光伏电池板1直接并入直流母线2。
在上述实施方式中，提出一种实现工作模式自适应的光伏供电系统，开关组件与 DC/DC变流器并联设置，用于控制光伏电池板的并网方式。在开关组件断开时，光伏电池板通过DC/DC变流器并入直流母线，在开关组件闭合时，光伏电池板直接并入直流母线。通过上述方式可以解决光伏电池板发电时DC/DC变流器始终升压运行，存在功率损耗的问题。同时，光伏电池板可以直接接入直流母线，提高光伏用电效率，能够缓解光伏发电运行时系统的散热压力，改善系统散热效果。
发明人注意到，在有多个光伏电池板时，光伏电池板的供电电压存在高于直流母线电压的情况。为了维持直流母线电压稳定，要求接入的光伏电池板开路电压不能大于直流母线电压，因而接入的光伏电池板数量有限。
本公开一些实施例中的DC/DC变流器3将光伏电池板1的输出电压进行升压或降压后并入直流母线2。在光伏电池板开路电压大于母线电压时，降压运行(发明人知晓的光伏空调系统中一般是升压运行)，从而解决接入的光伏电池板数量有限的问题，增加了可接入电池板的数量。即使光伏电池板开路电压大于母线电压，仍然可以维持母线电压稳定。
在一些实施例中，开关组件4包括第一开关K1和第二开关K2。在一些实施例中，光伏供电系统还包括电容C1，用于维持母线电压稳定。
在一些实施例中，光伏供电系统还包括：储能系统5，位于DC/DC变流器3和直流母线2之间，与直流母线2并联设置，用于为直流母线2供电或从直流母线2储电。在本公开一些实施例中，当储能系统接入光伏供电系统运行时，直流母线2电压稳定，DC/DC变流器3运行，可以根据光伏电池板1输出电压实现升压、降压运行；当储能系统不运行时，且光伏电池板1输出电压大于设定值时，DC/DC变流器3不运行，光伏电直接接入母线，母线电压跟随光伏电池板1输出电压变化，提高光伏用电效率，改善系统散热效果；当储能系统不运行且光伏电池板1输出电压小于设定值时，DC/DC变流器3升压运行，维持直流母线2电压，实现逆变正常运行；在该系统中，DC/DC变流器3可以根据系统模式和相关参数自由切换工作状态，实现升压、降压或者不运行，同时光伏电池板数量配置更灵活，市场应用更通用化。
如图1所示，在一些实施例中，光伏供电系统还包括DC/AC变流器6，一端与直流母线2连接，另一端与交流电网9连接，用于将直流母线2的直流电转换为交流电后为交流电网9供电。
在一些实施例中，该光伏供电系统还可以直接与压缩机驱动7连接，驱动压缩机电机8运转，为空调供电。
在本公开一些实施例中提供了一种光伏供电系统控制方法，应用于上述实施例中的光伏供电系统。具体来说，图2示出根据本公开一些实施例的光伏供电系统控制方法的流程图，如图2所示，该方法包括如下步骤S202-S206：
S202：检测储能系统的运行状态和光伏电池板的输出电压；
S204：根据储能系统的运行状态和光伏电池板的输出电压确定光伏电池板的并网形式；
S206：根据并网形式控制开关组件和DC/DC变流器的运行。
在上述实施方式中，提出一种实现工作模式自适应的光伏供电系统，开关组件与DC/DC变流器并联设置，用于控制光伏电池板的并网方式。在开关组件断开时，光伏电池板通过DC/DC变流器并入直流母线，在开关组件闭合时，光伏电池板直接并入直流母线。通过上述方式可以解决光伏电池板发电时DC/DC变流器始终升压运行，存在功率损耗的问题。同时，光伏电池板可以直接接入直流母线，提高光伏用电效率，能够缓解光伏发电运行时系统的散热压力，改善系统散热效果。
如图1所示，该系统包括DC/DC部分、DC/AC部分、储能系统5、压缩机驱动7及电机8部分、开关组件K1/K2，光伏电池板1为工程中外接的系统部件。光伏发电可以通过DC/DC变流器3接入到直流母线2，也可以经可控开关K1/K2直接接入到直流母线2，省去DC/DC变流器3，光伏发电利用率更高，也无需考虑此部分的功率管散热；DC/DC变流器3可以升压运行，也可以降压运行。
具体工作过程如下：
储能系统5具有不同的工作状态，根据储能系统5的工作状态，光伏空调并网形式也不同。具体的，根据储能系统5的运行状态和光伏电池板1的输出电压确定光伏电池板1的并网形式，包括：在储能系统5运行时，判断光伏电池板1的输出电压是否大于第一预设电压值；其中，第一预设电压值为直流母线2的电压值；如果是，则确定光伏电池板1的并网形式为降压并网；否则，确定光伏电池板1的并网形式为升压并网。
其中，在光伏电池板1的并网形式为降压并网时，根据并网形式控制开关组件4和DC/DC变流器3的运行，包括：控制开关组件4断开，并控制DC/DC变流器3降压运行；在光伏电池板1的并网形式为升压并网时，控制开关组件4断开，并控制DC/DC变流器3升压运行。图3示出储能系统运行时光伏供电系统的运行示意图，如图3所示，储能系统5运行，开关组件4断开，DC/DC变流器3升压运行或降压运行， 光伏发电可以并网，也可以供给压缩机使用。
此外，储能系统5还具有不运行的状态，在储能系统5不运行时，根据储能系统5的运行状态和光伏电池板1的输出电压确定光伏电池板1的并网形式包括：判断光伏电池板1的输出电压是否大于第二预设电压值；其中，第二预设电压值为驱使DC/AC变流器6运行的最小电压值；如果是，则确定光伏电池板1的并网形式为直接并网；否则，确定光伏电池板1的并网形式为升压并网。
其中，根据并网形式控制开关组件4和DC/DC变流器3的运行，包括：在光伏电池板1的并网形式为直接并网时，控制开关组件4闭合，光伏电池板1直接接入直流母线2。图4示出储能系统不运行且DC/DC变流器也不运行时光伏供电系统的运行示意图，如图4所示，DC/DC变流器3不运行，开关K1/K2闭合，光伏发电通过可控开关K1/K2直接接入直流母线2，提高光伏发电利用率，同时缓解系统的散热压力。
在光伏电池板1的并网形式为升压并网时，控制开关组件4断开，并控制DC/DC变流器3升压运行。图5示出储能系统不运行且DC/DC变流器运行时光伏供电系统的运行示意图，如图5所示，可控开关K1/K2断开，DC/DC变流器3升压运行，维持系统中逆变并网正常工作。此种情况下，光伏发电同样可以并网，也可以供给压缩机使用。
在本公开一些实施例中还提供了另一种光伏供电系统控制方法。具体来说，图6示出根据本公开另一些实施例的光伏供电系统控制方法的流程图，如图6所示，该方法包括如下步骤S602-S618：
S602:开始；
S604:储能系统是否运行；如果运行，进入步骤S606，否则，进入步骤S612；
S606:判断光伏电压是否大于设定值U1；如果是，则进入步骤S610，否则，进入步骤S608；
S608:DC/DC升压运行；
S610:DC/DC降压运行；
S612:判断光伏电压是否大于设定值U2；如果是，则进入步骤S614，否则，进入步骤S616；
S614:DC/DC不运行；
S616:DC/DC升压运行；
S618:完成。
在上述过程中，光伏发电接入系统之前，先判断储能系统的状态。
(1)当储能系统5运行时，要求直流母线2电压稳定。判断光伏输出电压是否超过设定值U1，此处的设定值U1通常为直流母线2电压。当光伏输出电压超过U1时，DC/DC变流器3降压运行，当光伏输出电压不超过U1时，DC/DC变流器3升压运行，具体系统结构示意图如图3所示。此种情况下，可控开关K1/K2断开，光伏发电可以并网，也可以供给压缩机使用。
(2)当储能系统5不运行时，判断光伏输出电压是否超过设定值U2，此处的设定值U2通常为使DC/AC正常运行的最低直流电压。当光伏输出电压超过U2时，DC/DC变流器3不运行，可控开关K1/K2闭合，光伏发电通过可控开关K1/K2直接接入直流母线2，提高光伏发电利用率，同时缓解系统的散热压力，具体系统结构示意图如图4所示。当光伏输出电压低于U2时，可控开关K1/K2断开，DC/DC变流器3升压运行，维持系统中逆变并网正常工作，具体系统结构示意图如图5所示。此种情况下，光伏发电同样可以并网，也可以供给压缩机使用。
基于上述实施例中提供的光伏供电系统，在本公开一些实施例中还提供了一种空调机组，该空调机组为光伏空调机组，包括上述的光伏供电系统，其中，空调机组的压缩机采用直流母线供电。
在上述实施方式中，提出一种实现工作模式自适应的光伏供电系统，开关组件与DC/DC变流器并联设置，用于控制光伏电池板的并网方式。在开关组件断开时，光伏电池板通过DC/DC变流器并入直流母线，在开关组件闭合时，光伏电池板直接并入直流母线。通过上述方式可以解决光伏电池板发电时DC/DC变流器始终升压运行，存在功率损耗的问题。同时，光伏电池板可以直接接入直流母线，提高光伏用电效率，能够缓解光伏发电运行时系统的散热压力，改善系统散热效果。
基于上述实施例中提供的光伏供电系统控制方法，在本公开一些实施例中还提供了一种包含计算机可执行指令的存储介质，所述计算机可执行指令在由计算机处理器执行时用于执行如上述的光伏供电系统控制方法。
在上述实施方式中，提出一种实现工作模式自适应的光伏供电系统，开关组件与DC/DC变流器并联设置，用于控制光伏电池板的并网方式。在开关组件断开时，光伏电池板通过DC/DC变流器并入直流母线，在开关组件闭合时，光伏电池板直接并入直流母线。通过上述方式可以解决光伏电池板发电时DC/DC变流器始终升压运行，存在功率损耗的问题。同时，光伏电池板可以直接接入直流母线，提高光伏用电效率， 能够缓解光伏发电运行时系统的散热压力，改善系统散热效果。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未发明的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本公开并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本公开的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种光伏供电系统，其特征在于，包括：
    光伏电池板(1)；
    直流母线(2)；
    DC/DC变流器(3)，一端与所述光伏电池板(1)连接，另一端与所述直流母线(2)连接；
    开关组件(4)，与所述DC/DC变流器(3)并联设置，一端与所述光伏电池板(1)连接，另一端与所述直流母线(2)连接，用于控制所述光伏电池板(1)的并网方式；其中，在所述开关组件(4)断开时，所述光伏电池板(1)通过所述DC/DC变流器(3)并入所述直流母线(2)；在所述开关组件(4)闭合时，所述光伏电池板(1)直接并入所述直流母线(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏供电系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    储能系统(5)，位于所述DC/DC变流器(3)和所述直流母线(2)之间，与所述直流母线(2)并联设置，用于为所述直流母线(2)供电或从所述直流母线(2)储电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏供电系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    DC/AC变流器(6)，一端与所述直流母线(2)连接，另一端与交流电网(9)连接，用于将所述直流母线(2)的直流电转换为交流电后为所述交流电网(9)供电。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的光伏供电系统，其特征在于，所述DC/DC变流器(3)用于将所述光伏电池板(1)的输出电压进行升压或降压后并入所述直流母线(2)。
  5. 一种光伏供电系统控制方法，其特征在于，包括：
    检测储能系统的运行状态和光伏电池板的输出电压；
    根据所述储能系统的运行状态和所述光伏电池板的输出电压确定所述光伏电池板的并网形式；
    根据所述并网形式控制开关组件和DC/DC变流器的运行。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述储能系统的运行状态和所述光伏电池板的输出电压确定所述光伏电池板的并网形式，包括：
    在所述储能系统运行时，判断所述光伏电池板的输出电压是否大于第一预设电压 值；其中，所述第一预设电压值为所述直流母线的电压值；
    如果是，则确定所述光伏电池板的并网形式为降压并网；
    否则，确定所述光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述并网形式控制开关组件和DC/DC变流器的运行，包括：
    在所述光伏电池板的并网形式为降压并网时，控制所述开关组件断开，并控制所述DC/DC变流器降压运行；
    在所述光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网时，控制所述开关组件断开，并控制所述DC/DC变流器升压运行。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述储能系统的运行状态和所述光伏电池板的输出电压确定所述光伏电池板的并网形式，还包括：
    在所述储能系统不运行时，判断所述光伏电池板的输出电压是否大于第二预设电压值；其中，所述第二预设电压值为驱使DC/AC变流器运行的最小电压值；
    如果是，则确定所述光伏电池板的并网形式为直接并网；
    否则，确定所述光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述并网形式控制开关组件和DC/DC变流器的运行，包括：
    在所述光伏电池板的并网形式为直接并网时，控制所述开关组件闭合，所述光伏电池板直接接入所述直流母线；
    在所述光伏电池板的并网形式为升压并网时，控制所述开关组件断开，并控制所述DC/DC变流器升压运行。
  10. 一种空调机组，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的光伏供电系统，所述空调机组的压缩机采用所述直流母线供电。
  11. 一种包含计算机可执行指令的存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可执行指令在由计算机处理器执行时用于执行如权利要求5至9中任一项所述的光伏供电系统控制方法。
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