WO2022078251A1 - 滚轮装置 - Google Patents

滚轮装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022078251A1
WO2022078251A1 PCT/CN2021/122758 CN2021122758W WO2022078251A1 WO 2022078251 A1 WO2022078251 A1 WO 2022078251A1 CN 2021122758 W CN2021122758 W CN 2021122758W WO 2022078251 A1 WO2022078251 A1 WO 2022078251A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
roller device
carrier
axle
shaft portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/122758
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈小明
黄志强
邢伟
段大鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PEM China Co Ltd
Original Assignee
PEM China Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PEM China Co Ltd filed Critical PEM China Co Ltd
Priority to CA3197725A priority Critical patent/CA3197725A1/en
Priority to US18/248,868 priority patent/US12397584B2/en
Priority to EP21879296.8A priority patent/EP4230430A4/en
Priority to MX2023004277A priority patent/MX2023004277A/es
Priority to KR1020237015923A priority patent/KR20230086741A/ko
Publication of WO2022078251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022078251A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B33/00—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors
    • B60B33/0002—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors assembling to the object, e.g. furniture
    • B60B33/0005—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors assembling to the object, e.g. furniture characterised by mounting method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B19/00—Wheels not otherwise provided for or having characteristics specified in one of the subgroups of this group
    • B60B19/12—Roller-type wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B33/00—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors
    • B60B33/0036—Castors in general; Anti-clogging castors characterised by type of wheels
    • B60B33/0044—Roller type wheels, i.e. extra wide wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65D25/20—External fittings
    • B65D25/24—External fittings for spacing bases of containers from supporting surfaces, e.g. legs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/006—Guiding rollers, wheels or the like, formed by or on the outer element of a single bearing or bearing unit, e.g. two adjacent bearings, whose ratio of length to diameter is generally less than one
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/045—Ball or roller bearings having rolling elements journaled in one of the moving parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2310/00—Manufacturing methods
    • B60B2310/30—Manufacturing methods joining
    • B60B2310/311—Manufacturing methods joining by riveting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/10—Reduction of
    • B60B2900/112—Costs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00—Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/10—Reduction of
    • B60B2900/113—Production or maintenance time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/50—Positive connections
    • F16C2226/52—Positive connections with plastic deformation, e.g. caulking or staking
    • F16C2226/54—Positive connections with plastic deformation, e.g. caulking or staking with rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2314/00—Personal or domestic articles, e.g. household appliances such as washing machines, dryers
    • F16C2314/70—Furniture

Definitions

  • the present application relates to riveting technology, and more particularly, to a roller device.
  • the present application provides a roller device that is easy to install.
  • a roller device comprising: a roller; and a wheel shaft
  • the wheel shaft includes: a shaft portion for mounting the roller so that the roller can wrap around the shaft and a riveting portion, the riveting portion is located at the mounting end of the axle in its axial direction and extends from the mounting end in a direction away from the axle portion, when the roller device is forced to be pressed toward When being supported, the riveting portion can pierce the supported so that the axle is riveted to the supported through the riveting portion.
  • the riveted portion and the shaft portion do not overlap each other in the axial direction of the axle.
  • the axle further includes a flange between the shaft portion and the riveted portion, the flange for preventing the roller from contacting the roller when the roller device is riveted to the carrier by the carrier.
  • the shaft portion has an annular positioning member extending around the shaft portion for restricting the movement of the roller in the axial direction.
  • the annular retainer protrudes from the surface of the shaft portion.
  • the annular retainer is recessed from the surface of the shaft portion.
  • the annular locator is aligned with an axially intermediate position of the roller.
  • the rollers are pre-mounted to the axle.
  • the shaft portion extends to the outside of the roller at least in the axial direction of the axle.
  • the rivet has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile at its distal end, the wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile being parallel to the axial direction of the axle, the wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile being configured so that when the roller device is stressed When pressed against the carrier, it expands to the outside.
  • the riveted portion has a mounting section at its end that is perpendicular to the axial direction of the wheel axle, and an outer side of the mounting section has a regular polygonal shape.
  • the inner side of the installation section has the shape of a regular polygon, and the sides of the inner side and the outer side of the installation section are parallel to each other.
  • the inner side of the mounting section has a circular shape.
  • the riveted portion has a mounting cross-section at its distal end and perpendicular to the axial direction of the axle, and the outer side of the mounting cross-section has a circular shape.
  • FIG. 1 shows a roller device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the roller device 100 shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 shows a side view of a riveting part in a roller device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a roller device 100 according to one embodiment of the present application.
  • the roller device 100 can be mounted on a carrier, such as a metal sheet, or other similar structures that can be plastically deformed.
  • the roller device 100 includes a roller 102, which may be formed of rubber, plastic, metal or other materials.
  • the roller device 100 further includes an axle 104 on which the roller 102 is mounted so that the roller 102 can rotate around the shaft portion 106 of the axle 104 .
  • the roller 102 may be pre-mounted to the axle 104 so that the roller assembly 100 may be provided as an integrated assembly.
  • the rollers 102 may also be provided separately from the axles 104, which may be mounted to the axles 104 before or after mounting the roller device 100 on the carrier.
  • the shaft portion 106 is configured as an elongated structure having a central axis 108 that is coaxial with the axis of rotation of the roller 102 .
  • the shaft portion 106 extends to the exterior of the roller 102 at least in the axial direction of the axle 104 .
  • the axial length of the shaft portion 106 is greater than the axial length of the roller 102 .
  • the axial length of the roller 102 may also be less than or equal to the axial length of the shaft portion 106 .
  • the shaft portion 106 has an annular retainer 110 that can be positioned generally near the middle of the shaft portion 106 .
  • the annular positioning member 110 can be aligned with the axial middle position of the roller 102 .
  • the annular spacer 110 may extend around the shaft portion 106 at an angle, such as 360 degrees or an angle less than 360 degrees.
  • the annular locator 110 may be a continuous, complete annular shape, ie, extending 360 degrees, or may include a plurality of spaced locating segments arranged around the shaft.
  • the annular positioning member 110 may cooperate with the roller 102 to limit the movement of the roller on the shaft portion 106 in the axial direction.
  • the annular positioning member 110 may protrude from the surface of the shaft portion 106 , as shown in FIG. 1 ; accordingly, the inner wall of the roller 102 may have an annular groove 112 matching the annular positioning member 110 . In other alternative embodiments, the annular positioning member 110 may be recessed from the surface of the shaft portion 106; accordingly, the inner wall of the roller 102 may have an annular protrusion matching the annular positioning member 110.
  • the shaft portion 106 may include a plurality of annular positioning members 110 , which are distributed on the shaft portion 106 at intervals in the axial direction. The arrangement of the plurality of annular positioning members 110 can better limit the axial movement of the rollers 102 .
  • the axial movement of the rollers 102 may also be limited by other positioning structures.
  • a pair of flanges (not shown) may be formed on both sides of the roller, and the distance between the pair of flanges in the axial direction is substantially equal to or slightly greater than the axial length of the inner wall of the roller.
  • the protruding height of the pair of flanges from the shaft portion may be greater than or equal to the thickness of the roller along the radial direction, and may also be smaller than the radial thickness of the roller.
  • the axle 104 also includes a rivet 114 at a mounting end 116 of the axle 104 in its axial direction, the mounting end 116 being one of the two ends of the axle 104 in the axial direction away from the roller 102 .
  • the rivet portion 114 may extend from the mounting end 116 in a direction away from the shaft portion 106 .
  • the rivet 114 has a generally cylindrical shape, and the rivet 114 has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile 118 at its distal end that is parallel to the axial direction of the axle 104 , the wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile 118 being configured as When the roller device 100 is forced to be pressed toward the carrier, it expands to the outside thereof, so that the solid line is riveted between the roller device 100 and the carrier.
  • the wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile 118 may have an everted ramp surface that may resolve the pressure partially radially outward when the roller device 100 is installed to allow the riveted portion 114 to expand sufficiently outward.
  • the riveted portion 114 and the shaft portion 106 do not overlap each other in the axial direction of the axle 104 , that is, the roller 102 will not be mounted on the riveted portion 114 . Since the riveted portion 114 is deformed during the installation of the roller device 100 , the relatively separated riveted portion 114 and the roller 102 can avoid rolling of the roller 102 due to the deformation (especially the outward expansion) of the riveted portion 114 after installation. Performance is limited.
  • the axle 104 further includes a flange 120 between the shaft portion 106 and the riveting portion 114 for preventing the roller 102 from contacting the carrier when the roller device 100 is riveted to the carrier.
  • the installation process begins by placing the roller device 100 on one side of the carrier 130 .
  • the carrier 130 may be provided with pre-formed through holes or recesses (not shown in the figure), the cross-sectional shape and size of which on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the axle 104 generally corresponds to the riveted portion 114 end shape and size.
  • Providing through holes or recesses facilitates the accuracy of installation of the roller device 100 .
  • the roller device 100 of the embodiment of the present application does not require that the carrier 130 is pre-disposed with through holes or recesses.
  • the carrier 130 can generally have a flat plate-like structure. Since there is no need to provide through holes or recesses on the carrier 130 as an installation guide structure, the roller device 100 can be mounted on carriers of various shapes, which greatly expands the application of the roller device 100.
  • two sides of the roller 102 and the carrier 130 are respectively provided with an upper loading tool 140 and a lower support tool 150 , which can move relatively to provide pressure to the roller device 100 .
  • the lower support tool 150 does not need a mold pre-formed for the riveting part 114 , but only needs to be close to it.
  • a support plane is provided on the side of the carrier 130 .
  • the upper loading tool 140 can contact the force end 122 of the axle 104 facing away from the mounting end 116 and apply pressure to the axle 104 through the force end 122 .
  • the force-bearing end 122 of the axle 104 extends beyond the roller 102 , so the roller 102 will not be subjected to the pressure exerted by the upper loading tool 140 during installation, which can prevent the roller 102 from being pivoted on the axle 104 to shift.
  • the upper loading tool 140 and the lower support tool 150 move relative to each other, and apply pressure to the axle 104 , and the pressure makes the riveted part 114 continue to enter the inside of the carrier 130 .
  • the riveted portion 114 is subjected to force to plastically deform and expand outward, wherein the distal end thereof has a relatively maximum outward expansion distance, so as to be riveted in the carrier 130 .
  • the flange 120 can limit the depth of the axle 104 entering the carrier 130, thereby acting as a limiting member for the termination of installation.
  • the upper loading tool and the lower support tool can be removed, and only the carrier 130 and the roller device 100 riveted to each other are retained.
  • the carrier 132 inside the riveted part 114 it can remain on the carrier 130 after the installation is completed, which can improve the riveting strength and protect the riveted part 114 .
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the roller device 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the initial shape and configuration of the riveted portion has a significant impact on the strength after installation.
  • the wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile of the end of the riveted portion includes an inclined surface proximate the inside of the riveted portion, in some embodiments, the inclined surface has an angle of about 35 to 80 degrees (relative to the proximity of the mounted carrier position of the surface plane), preferably 45 to 70 degrees, more preferably 45 to 60 degrees.
  • the inclined surface has an angle of about 35 to 80 degrees (relative to the proximity of the mounted carrier position of the surface plane), preferably 45 to 70 degrees, more preferably 45 to 60 degrees.
  • the wedge-shaped cross-sectional profile may have a contact end face of radial width (parameter D in FIG. 5 ), which is, for example, 0-0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • radial width is, for example, 0-0.5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
  • the existence of the radial width can improve the mechanical strength of the end of the riveted part, but does not significantly increase the resistance of the riveted part when it penetrates the carrier.
  • the end of the riveted portion also has a chamfered surface, which is located at the outermost side of the riveted portion in the radial direction.
  • the chamfered face and the inclined face sandwich the contact end face therebetween, but the chamfered face may have a smaller radial width relative to the radial width C of the inclined face (in FIG. Half of the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter (A-B)/2 and the difference between the radial width (C+D)), so that after the installation starts, the radial force of the riveted part of the roller device is unbalanced, and the whole outward expansion.
  • the riveted part In order to firmly fix the riveted part in the carrier, the riveted part also has a predetermined axial length. It can be understood that the axial length depends on the thickness of the carrier on the one hand, and on the plastic deformation degree of the riveted part after installation on the other hand. In some embodiments, the axial length L1 of the rivet (starting at the side of the flange close to the carrier in FIG. 5 ) is substantially equal to 10% to 50% of the thickness of the carrier and the outer diameter A of the rivet, preferably , equal to 20% to 40% of the thickness of the carrier and the outer diameter A of the riveted part.
  • the riveted portion may also have an axial length that is less than the thickness of the carrier. In the example shown in FIG. 5 , there may be an arcuate transition between the riveted portion and the flange, with an axial length L2 to the end of the riveted portion.
  • the mechanical connection strength of the roller device shown in the embodiment of the present application is obviously superior to that of the roller device or similar connector using a common pressure riveting structure.
  • the outer diameter of the riveting portion of the roller device in the embodiment of the present application can be the same as the existing ordinary pressure riveting connection structure. (The riveting part is not obviously outwardly expanded and deformed) half.
  • FIG. 6 shows a side view of a riveting part in a roller device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the rivet has a mounting cross-section at its distal end that is perpendicular to the axial direction of the axle. That is, the mounting section is substantially parallel to the carrier to be mounted.
  • the outer side of the mounting section has the shape of a regular polygon.
  • the inner side of the installation section has a circular shape, as shown in FIG.
  • the inner side of the installation section may have the shape of a regular polygon, and the sides of the inner side and the outer side of the installation section are mutually parallel; alternatively, the outer side of the mounting section may also have a circular shape, that is, the riveted portion has a substantially cylindrical shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种滚轮装置（100），包括：滚轮（102）；以及轮轴（104），轮轴（104）包括：轴部（106），轴部（106）用于安装滚轮（102），以使得滚轮（102）能够绕轴部（106）转动；以及铆接部（114），铆接部（114）位于轮轴（104）沿其轴向方向的安装端（116），并且从安装端（116）向远离轴部（106）的方向延伸，当滚轮装置（100）受力被压向被载体（130）时，铆接部（114）能够刺破被载体（130）以使得轮轴（104）经由铆接部（114）与被载体（130）铆接。

Description

滚轮装置 技术领域
本申请涉及铆接技术，更具体地，涉及一种滚轮装置。
背景技术
可移动机架、柜子或类似的移动设备上需要安装一些滚轮装置来提高这些移动设备的可移动性。然而，现有的滚轮装置难以安装到移动设备上，往往需要在移动设备上预先开孔来进行安装，这增加了安装难度和生产成本。
因此，有必要提供一种便于安装的滚轮装置。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种便于安装的滚轮装置。
在本申请的一个方面，提供了一种滚轮装置，包括：滚轮；以及轮轴，所述轮轴包括：轴部，所述轴部用于安装所述滚轮，以使得所述滚轮能够绕所述轴部转动；以及铆接部，所述铆接部位于所述轮轴沿其轴向方向的安装端，并且从所述安装端向远离所述轴部的方向延伸，当所述滚轮装置受力被压向被载体时，所述铆接部能够刺破所述被载体以使得所述轮轴经由所述铆接部与所述被载体铆接。
在一些实施例中，所述铆接部与所述轴部在所述轮轴的轴向方向不相互重叠。
在一些实施例中，所述轮轴还包括位于所述轴部与所述铆接部之间的凸缘，所述凸缘用于在所述滚轮装置与被载体铆接时阻挡所述滚轮接触所述被载体。
在一些实施例中，所述轴部具有环形定位件，所述环形定位件绕所述轴部延伸，用于限制所述滚轮沿所述轴向方向移动。
在一些实施例中，所述环形定位件从所述轴部的表面凸起。
在一些实施例中，所述环形定位件从所述轴部的表面凹陷。
在一些实施例中，所述环形定位件对准于所述滚轮的轴向中间位置。
在一些实施例中，所述滚轮预安装到所述轮轴上的。
在一些实施例中，所述轴部至少沿所述轮轴的轴向方向延伸到所述滚轮的外部。
在一些实施例中，所述铆接部具有位于其末端的楔形截面轮廓，所述楔形截面轮廓与所述轮轴的轴向方向平行，所述楔形截面轮廓被构造为当所述滚轮装置受力被压向被载体时向其外侧扩张。
在一些实施例中，所述铆接部具有位于其末端的且与所述轮轴的轴向方向垂直的安装截面，所述安装截面的外侧具有正多边形的形状。
在一些实施例中，所述安装截面的内侧具有正多边形的形状，并且所述安装截面的内侧与外侧的各条边相互平行。
在一些实施例中，所述安装截面的内侧具有圆形的形状。
在一些实施例中，所述铆接部具有位于其末端的且与所述轮轴的轴向方向垂直的安装截面，所述安装截面的外侧具有圆形的形状。
以上为本申请的概述，可能有简化、概括和省略细节的情况，因此本领域的技术人员应该认识到，该部分仅是示例说明性的，而不旨在以任何方式限定本申请范围。本概述部分既非旨在确定所要求保护主题的关键特征或必要特征，也非旨在用作为确定所要求保护主题的范围的辅助手段。
附图说明
通过下面说明书和所附的权利要求书并与附图结合，将会更加充分地清楚理解本申请内容的上述和其他特征。可以理解，这些附图仅描绘了本申请内容的若干实施方式，因此不应认为是对本申请内容范围的限定。通过采用附图，本申请内容将会得到更加明确和详细地说明。
图1示出了根据本申请一个实施例的滚轮装置100；
图2至图4示出了图1所示的滚轮装置100通过铆接方式安装在被载体上的过程；
图5示出了图1所示的滚轮装置100的放大视图；
图6示出了根据本申请一个实施例的滚轮装置中铆接部的侧视图。
具体实施方式
在下面的详细描述中，参考了构成其一部分的附图。在附图中，类似的符号通常表示类似的组成部分，除非上下文另有说明。详细描述、附图和权利要求书中描述的说明性实施方式并非旨在限定。在不偏离本申请的主题的精神或范围的情况下，可以采用其他实施方式，并且可以做出其他变化。可以理解，可以对本申请中一般性描述的、在附图中图解说明的本申请内容的各个方面进行多种不同构成的配置、替换、组合，设计，而所有这些都明确地构成本申请内容的一部分。
图1示出了根据本申请一个实施例的滚轮装置100。在一些实施例中，该滚轮装置100可以被安装到被载体上，例如金属板材上，或者其他类似的可以发生塑性形变的结构上。
如图1所示，滚轮装置100包括滚轮102，其可以采用橡胶、塑料、金属或其他材料构成。滚轮装置100还包括轮轴104，滚轮102即被安装在轮轴104上，从而滚轮102可以绕轮轴104的轴部106转动。在一些实施例中，滚轮102可以被预安装到轮轴104上，从而滚轮装置100可以被作为集成组件提供。在另一些实施例中，滚轮102也可以被分离于轮轴104提供，其可以在将滚轮装置100安装到被载体上之前或之后安装到轮轴104上。
轴部106被构造为具有中心轴线108的伸长结构，其中心轴线108与滚轮102的转动轴同轴。在一些实施例中，轴部106至少沿轮轴104的轴向方向延伸到滚轮102的外部。换言之，轴部106的轴向长度大于滚轮102的轴向长度。在一些其他的实施例中，滚轮102的轴向长度也可以小于或等于轴部106的轴向长度。
在一些实施例中，轴部106具有环形定位件110，其可以被设置于大体靠近轴部106中部的位置。优选地，环形定位件110可以对准于滚轮102的轴向中间位置。环形定位件110可以绕轴部106延伸一定的角度，例如360度或者小于360度的角度。在一些实施例中，环形定位件110可以是连续的完整的环形，也即延伸360度，或者也可以包括绕轴部排列的分隔开的多个定位分段。环形定位件110可以与滚轮102相互配合，以限制滚轮沿轴向方向在轴部106上移动。在一些实施例中，环形定位件110可以从轴部106的表面凸起，正如图1所示；相应地，滚轮102的内壁上可以具有与环形定位件110匹配的环形凹槽112。在另一些替代的实施例中，环形定位件110可以从轴部106的表面凹陷；相应地，滚轮102的内壁上可以具有与环形定位件110匹配 的环形凸起。在一些实施例中，轴部106上可以包括多个环形定位件110，其轴向方向间隔地分布在轴部106上。多个环形定位件110的设置可以更好地限制滚轮102的轴向移动。在一些实施例中，也可以通过其他定位结构来限制滚轮102的轴向移动。例如，可以在滚轮的两个侧面形成一对凸缘(图中未示出)，该对凸缘沿轴向方向的距离大体等于或略大于滚轮内壁的轴向长度。该对凸缘从轴部凸起的高度可以大于或等于滚轮的沿径向方向的厚度，也可以小于滚轮的径向厚度。
轮轴104还包括铆接部114，其位于轮轴104在其轴向方向的安装端116，该安装端116是轮轴104的轴向方向的两个末端中远离滚轮102的一个末端。铆接部114可以从安装端116远离轴部106的方向延伸。当滚轮装置100受力被压向一被载体时，铆接部114能够刺破被载体以使得轮轴104经由铆接部114与被载体铆接。在一些实施例中，铆接部114具有大体为圆筒形的形状，并且铆接部114具有位于其末端的楔形截面轮廓118，其与轮轴104的轴向方向平行，该楔形截面轮廓118被构造为当滚轮装置100受力被压向被载体时向其外侧扩张，从而实线滚轮装置100与被载体之间的铆接。在一些实施例中，楔形截面轮廓118可以具有外翻的斜坡面，在安装滚轮装置100时，该斜坡面可以将压力分解为部分地径向朝外，以使得铆接部114能够充分外扩。
在一些实施例中，铆接部114与轴部106在轮轴104的轴向方向不相互重叠，也即滚轮102不会安装到铆接部114上。由于铆接部114会在滚轮装置100的安装过程中会发生形变，因此相对分离的铆接部114与滚轮102可以避免在安装后因铆接部114的形变(特别是外扩)而使得滚轮102的滚动性能受限。在一些实施例中，轮轴104还包括位于轴部106与铆接部114之间的凸缘120，该凸缘120用于在滚轮装置100与被载体铆接时阻挡滚轮102接触被载体。
图2至图4示出了图1所示的滚轮装置100通过铆接方式安装在被载体上的过程。
如图2所示，安装过程起始于将滚轮装置100放置在被载体130的一侧。在一些实施例中，被载体130上可以设置有预先成型的通孔或凹陷(图中未示出)，其在与轮轴104轴向方向垂直的平面上的截面形状和大小大体对应于铆接部114的末端形状和大小。设置通孔或凹陷有利于滚轮装置100安装的精确度。然而可以理解，本申请实施例的滚轮装置100并不要求被载体130上预先设置有通孔或凹陷。正如图2所示，被载体130大体可以呈平板状结构。由于不需要在被载体130上设置通孔或凹陷作为安装引导结构，因此滚轮装置100可以被安装到各种形状的被载体上，这极大地扩展 了滚轮装置100的应用场合。
为了安装滚轮装置100，滚轮102和被载体130的两侧分别设置有上加载工装140和下支撑工装150，其可以相对移动，以向滚轮装置100提供压力。在安装滚轮装置100时，由于滚轮装置100的铆接部114能够刺破被载体130而深入被载体130内部，因此下支撑工装150上无需预先成型为铆接部114的模具，而仅需在其靠近被载体130一侧提供支撑平面。另一方面，在安装过程中，上加载工装140可以接触轮轴104背对安装端116的受力端122，并通过该受力端122向轮轴104施加压力。在图2所示的例子中，轮轴104的受力端122延伸到滚轮102之外，因此滚轮102不会在安装时受到上加载工装140施加的压力，这可以避免滚轮102在轮轴104上轴向移位。
继续参考图3所示，上加载工装140和下支撑工装150相对移动，并向轮轴104施加压力，该压力使得铆接部114继续进入到被载体130内部。此时，铆接部114受力而发生塑性形变并向外扩张，其中在其末端处具有相对最大的外扩距离，从而铆接在被载体130中。可以看到，在安装过程中，凸缘120可以限制轮轴104进入被载体130的深度，从而作用为安装终止的限位构件。
参考图4，在安装完成后，上加载工装和下支撑工装可以移除，仅保留相互铆接的被载体130与滚轮装置100。对于铆接部114内部的被载体132，在安装完成后其可以保留在被载体130上，这可以提高铆接强度，并且保护铆接部114。
结合图2和图3可以看出，在刚开始安装滚轮装置100时，滚轮装置100的铆接部114对被载体130施加力，其作用为一冲裁工具，在被载体130上冲裁形成铆接孔。然后，随着铆接部114受力持续向被载体130移动，取决于铆接部114的初始形状，被载体130会对铆接部114施加反作用力，该反作用力使得铆接部114产生扩张的塑性变形，从而在滚轮装置100与被载体130之间形成牢固的机械互锁结构。这种自开孔设置不需要预先在被载体上开孔，因此其安装过程对于表面附有涂层或镀层的被载体基本没有损伤，这可以提高安装后的机械结构的使用寿命。
图5示出了图1所示的滚轮装置100的放大视图。正如前面结合图2和图3所述，铆接部的初始形状和构造对于安装后的强度有重要影响。在图5所示的实施例中，铆接部末端的楔形截面轮廓包括靠近铆接部内侧的倾斜面，在一些实施例中，该倾斜面具有约35至80度的角度(相对于被载体靠近安装位置的表面平面)，优选地，45至70度，更优选地，45度至60度。在倾斜面沿轴向方向的最外侧，也即安装滚轮装置 时初始接触被载体安装表面的位置，楔形截面轮廓可以具有径向宽度(在图5中的参数D)的接触端面，其例如为0-0.5毫米，优选为0.1至0.3毫米。该径向宽度的存在可以提高铆接部末端的机械强度，但不会显著增大铆接部刺入被载体时的阻力。
在图5所示的示例中，铆接部末端还具有倒角面，其位于铆接部沿径向方向的最外侧。倒角面与倾斜面将接触端面夹持在其间，但是倒角面可以具有相对于倾斜面的径向宽度C而言较小的径向宽度(在图5中，其被表示为铆接部的外直径与内直径之差的一半(A-B)/2与径向宽度(C+D)的差)，从而使得在安装开始后，滚轮装置的铆接部径向受力不平衡，而整体向外扩张。
为了将铆接部牢固地固定于被载体中，铆接部还具有预定的轴向长度。可以理解，轴向长度一方面取决于被载体的厚度，另一方面也取决于安装后铆接部的塑性变形程度。在一些实施例中，铆接部的轴向长度L1(在图5中起始于凸缘靠近被载体的侧面)大体等于被载体的厚度与铆接部外直径A的10％至50％，优选地，等于被载体的厚度与铆接部外直径A的20％至40％。这种参数配置可以使得安装完成后铆接部大体可以从被载体的非安装表面露出一部分或者基本达到被载体的非安装表面。可以理解，在一些其他的实施例中，铆接部也可以具有小于被载体厚度的轴向长度。在图5所示的示例中，铆接部与凸缘之间可以具有弧形过渡，其至铆接部末端的轴向长度为L2。
采用本申请实施例所示的滚轮装置的机械连接强度明显优于采用普通压铆结构的滚轮装置或类似的连接件。根据发明人的测试结果，当安装在同样厚度、材质的金属板上时，为了达到同样的连接强度，采用本申请实施例的滚轮装置的铆接部的外直径可以是现有普通压铆连接结构(压铆部不明显外扩变形)的一半。
图6示出了根据本申请一个实施例的滚轮装置中铆接部的侧视图。在一些实施例中，铆接部具有位于其末端的且与轮轴的轴向方向垂直的安装截面。也即安装截面大体平行于待安装的被载体。在一些实施例中，安装截面的外侧具有正多边形的形状。在一些例子中，安装截面的内侧具有圆形的形状，如图6所示；在另一些例子中，安装截面的内侧可以具有正多边形的形状，并且安装截面的内侧与外侧的各条边相互平行；或者，安装截面的外侧也可以具有圆形的形状，也即铆接部具有大体圆筒形的形状。
应当注意，尽管在上文详细描述中提及了滚轮装置的若干模块或子模块，但是这种划分仅仅是示例性的而非强制性的。实际上，根据本申请的实施例，上文描述的两 个或更多模块的特征和功能可以在一个模块中具体化。反之，上文描述的一个模块的特征和功能可以进一步划分为由多个模块来具体化。
那些本技术领域的一般技术人员可以通过研究说明书、公开的内容及附图和所附的权利要求书，理解和实施对披露的实施方式的其他改变。在权利要求中，措词“包括”不排除其他的元素和步骤，并且措辞“一”、“一个”不排除复数。在本申请的实际应用中，一个零件可能执行权利要求中所引用的多个技术特征的功能。权利要求中的任何附图标记不应理解为对范围的限制。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种滚轮装置，其特征在于，包括：
    滚轮；以及
    轮轴，所述轮轴包括：
    轴部，所述轴部用于安装所述滚轮，以使得所述滚轮能够绕所述轴部转动；以及
    铆接部，所述铆接部位于所述轮轴沿其轴向方向的安装端，并且从所述安装端向远离所述轴部的方向延伸，当所述滚轮装置受力被压向被载体时，所述铆接部能够刺破所述被载体以使得所述轮轴经由所述铆接部与所述被载体铆接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述铆接部与所述轴部在所述轮轴的轴向方向不相互重叠。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述轮轴还包括位于所述轴部与所述铆接部之间的凸缘，所述凸缘用于在所述滚轮装置与被载体铆接时阻挡所述滚轮接触所述被载体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述轴部具有环形定位件，所述环形定位件绕所述轴部延伸，用于限制所述滚轮沿所述轴向方向移动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述环形定位件从所述轴部的表面凸起。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述环形定位件从所述轴部的表面凹陷。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述环形定位件对准于所述滚轮的轴向中间位置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述滚轮预安装到所述轮轴上的。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述轴部至少沿所述轮轴的轴向方向延伸到所述滚轮的外部。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述铆接部具有位于其末端的楔形截面轮廓，所述楔形截面轮廓与所述轮轴的轴向方向平行，并且所述楔形截面轮廓被构造为当所述滚轮装置受力被压向被载体时向其外侧扩张。
  11. 根据权利要求1或10所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述铆接部具有位于其末端的且与所述轮轴的轴向方向垂直的安装截面，所述安装截面的外侧具有正多边形的形状。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述安装截面的内侧具有正多边形的形状，并且所述安装截面的内侧与外侧的各条边相互平行。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述安装截面的内侧具有圆形的形状。
  14. 根据权利要求1或10所述的滚轮装置，其特征在于，所述铆接部具有位于其末端的且与所述轮轴的轴向方向垂直的安装截面，所述安装截面的外侧具有圆形的形状。
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US12397584B2 (en) 2025-08-26
CN114347719A (zh) 2022-04-15
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