WO2022082393A1 - 用于电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022082393A1
WO2022082393A1 PCT/CN2020/121996 CN2020121996W WO2022082393A1 WO 2022082393 A1 WO2022082393 A1 WO 2022082393A1 CN 2020121996 W CN2020121996 W CN 2020121996W WO 2022082393 A1 WO2022082393 A1 WO 2022082393A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
battery
gravity
hole
box
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/121996
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁成都
洪家荣
黄小腾
汪文礼
杨海奇
胡浪超
徐晨怡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
Priority to EP20957976.2A priority Critical patent/EP4064449B1/en
Priority to JP2022567658A priority patent/JP7513751B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2020/121996 priority patent/WO2022082393A1/zh
Priority to HUE20957976A priority patent/HUE068408T2/hu
Priority to KR1020227038503A priority patent/KR102707154B1/ko
Publication of WO2022082393A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022082393A1/zh
Priority to US18/054,314 priority patent/US11894583B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/691—Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings; Cleaning battery or cell casings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/202—Casings or frames around the primary casing of a single cell or a single battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/673—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/673—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor
    • H01M50/682—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor accommodated in battery or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to a battery case, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and equipment for preparing a battery.
  • the batteries in the prior art are usually equipped with thermal management components to cool or heat the battery.
  • the thermal management component cools the battery, all the components in the box that are in contact with the thermal management component will generate condensate, and the condensate will contact the charged structure in the box and cause a short circuit.
  • the present application provides a case for a battery, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and equipment for preparing the battery, which can prevent the short circuit of the battery caused by the condensate.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides a case for a battery, including:
  • a one-way gravity valve arranged on the bearing plate;
  • the one-way gravity valve is configured to close when the gravity of the liquid in the tank is less than a threshold value; and to open when the gravity of the liquid in the tank reaches the threshold, so that the liquid passes through the One-way gravity valve discharge.
  • the one-way gravity valve includes:
  • a liquid drain member having a first through hole, and the liquid drain member is used to discharge the liquid through the first through hole when the gravity of the liquid in the tank reaches the threshold;
  • a movable component which is mounted on the liquid discharge member and can move relative to the first through hole, so that the movable member seals the first through hole when the gravity of the liquid in the tank is less than the threshold value, The first through hole is opened when the gravity of the liquid in the box reaches the threshold.
  • a bottom plate is further included for connecting with the carrying plate to form a water storage cavity, the water storage cavity communicates with the first through hole to collect all the water discharged through the first through hole said liquid.
  • it further includes a first wall configured to be connected with the carrier plate to form a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery, the first wall is provided with a drain hole, and the drain hole is used for When the height of the liquid level of the liquid in the tank in the direction of gravity is greater than or equal to the liquid discharge hole, the liquid exceeding the height of the liquid discharge hole is discharged.
  • the first wall includes a first sub-wall and a second sub-wall, wherein a cavity is formed between the first sub-wall and the second sub-wall, and the first sub-wall is The inner wall of the box, the second sub-wall is the outer wall of the box, and the first sub-wall is provided with the liquid drain hole, so that the height of the liquid surface in the direction of gravity is greater than or equal to The liquid of the drain hole is collected in the cavity.
  • the first wall further includes a ventilation hole for communicating the inside and outside of the box; the box further includes a condensation part for blocking the ventilation hole to allow condensation to pass through the box The vent hole flows into the gas inside the box.
  • the condensation component is disposed on the inner surface of the tank.
  • the case further includes a thermal management component for regulating the temperature of the battery, the thermal management component intersects the first wall, and the first portion of the condensation component Extending along the thermal management member for attachment to the thermal management member, a second portion of the condensing member extends along the first wall to obscure the vent.
  • the condensing component includes a hood-like structure that shields the vent hole.
  • the hood-like structure is attached to an area of the first wall around the vent and has a first opening for gas to flow into the tank.
  • the first opening is disposed in a first direction of the cover-like structure, and the first direction is the opposite direction to the direction of gravity.
  • the first opening is also used to collect the leaked fluid at the connection of the pipes of the fire protection system when the fluid leaks.
  • the projection surface of the cover-shaped structure on the first wall is a U-shaped surface, a V-shaped surface or a rectangular surface.
  • the condensing part further includes a flow channel, and the flow channel is used for guiding the condensate of the hood-like structure to the one-way gravity valve.
  • portions of the condensing member on both sides of the flow channel are attached to the first wall.
  • the cover-like structure has a second opening corresponding to the flow channel, and the second opening is used for guiding the condensate of the cover-like structure to the flow channel.
  • the second opening is disposed in a second direction of the cover-like structure, and the second direction is the direction of gravity.
  • the one-way gravity valve is further configured to discharge the condensate in the flow channel out of the tank when the gravity of the condensate in the flow channel reaches the threshold.
  • the box body further includes: a pressure balance mechanism for balancing the pressure inside and outside the box body.
  • the pressure balance mechanism is provided on the second sub-wall, and the gas flowing into the cavity from the outside of the box through the pressure balance mechanism flows into the box through the vent hole internal.
  • the box body further includes a liquid storage member disposed on the inner surface of the box, for the height of the liquid level of the liquid in the box body along the direction of gravity to reach the height of the liquid storage member When the height is high, the liquid flowing into the liquid storage member is collected, and the liquid flowing into the liquid storage member is discharged to the one-way gravity valve.
  • a battery comprising the above-mentioned case, wherein the case is used for accommodating the battery.
  • an electrical device comprising the above-mentioned battery, which is used for providing electrical energy.
  • a method for preparing a battery comprising:
  • a one-way gravity valve is arranged on the bearing plate
  • the one-way gravity valve is configured to close when the gravity of the liquid in the tank is less than a threshold value; and to open when the gravity of the liquid in the tank reaches the threshold, so that the liquid passes through the one-way Gravity valve discharge.
  • a device for preparing a battery comprising:
  • the one-way gravity valve is configured to close when the gravity of the liquid in the tank is less than a threshold value; and to open when the gravity of the liquid in the tank reaches the threshold, so that the liquid passes through the one-way Gravity valve discharge.
  • a one-way gravity valve is provided, and the timing of discharging the liquid in the case is determined according to the threshold value of the one-way gravity valve.
  • the liquid in the case is too much, the case is discharged in time.
  • the liquid in the body can avoid excessive liquid staying in the box for a long time, thereby reducing safety hazards such as short circuit and improving the life of the battery; when there is less liquid in the box and not enough to open the one-way gravity valve, A small amount of liquid can also play a role in cooling the battery inside the box without affecting the safety of the battery.
  • FIG. 1-A is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1-B is a schematic structural diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 1-C is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 1-D is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the interior of a case for a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the A-A direction in FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a first schematic cross-sectional view of a one-way gravity valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of a one-way gravity valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a one-way gravity valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial schematic diagram 1 of a box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a second partial schematic diagram of a box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a condensation component according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another condensation component according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of still another condensation component according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure balance mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid storage member according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram of an apparatus for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a physical connection can be a fixed connection, such as a fixed connection through a fastener, such as a fixed connection through screws, bolts or other fasteners; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as Mutual snap connection or snap connection; the physical connection can also be an integral connection, for example, welding, bonding or integrally forming a connection for connection.
  • it may be directly connected, that is, physically connected, or indirectly connected through at least one intermediate element.
  • the signal connection can also refer to the signal connection through a media medium, such as radio waves, in addition to the signal connection through the circuit.
  • the coordinate system in FIG. 1-D defines the various orientation directions of the battery
  • the x-direction represents the length direction of the battery cell 400
  • the y direction is perpendicular to the x direction in the horizontal plane, indicating the width direction of the battery cell 400
  • the z direction is perpendicular to the x direction and the y direction, indicating the height direction of the battery.
  • a rechargeable battery may be called a secondary battery or a power battery.
  • a widely used rechargeable battery is a lithium battery, such as a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the rechargeable batteries may be collectively referred to as batteries herein.
  • the safety feature of the battery is an important feature to measure the battery, and it is necessary to ensure the safety of the battery as much as possible during use or charging.
  • a battery is generally composed of multiple battery cells connected and combined, and the temperature of the battery cells will change during use. When the temperature is too high, it is necessary to cool the battery cells through thermal management components, so as to avoid the failure of the battery cells, thermal runaway, and even explosions caused by the high temperature of the battery cells.
  • the inventors covered the conductive members in the box with insulating materials to prevent the conductive members from contacting the condensate and causing a short circuit. For components, this cladding is more difficult. Based on this, the inventor attempts to discharge the excess condensate cooled by the thermal management components of the box from the box to solve safety problems such as short circuit.
  • the present application provides a case for a battery, so as to facilitate the discharge of condensate inside the battery, and avoid a long-term accumulation of a large amount of condensate inside the battery, which brings about potential safety hazards.
  • the case used for the battery of the present application can not only discharge the condensate inside the battery in time, but also make the condensate on the outside of the pipe wall of the pipe connected with the thermal management component in a position where it is convenient to discharge, so that the condensate can be further reduced.
  • the impact of the battery including reducing the risk of short-circuiting of the battery cells due to excess condensate.
  • the batteries in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various electrical devices that can provide power sources with electrical energy.
  • the electrical device here can be, but not limited to, an electric vehicle, an electric train, an electric bicycle, a golf cart, a drone, or a ship.
  • the electric device may be a device powered only by a battery, or may be a hybrid device.
  • the battery provides electrical energy for the electric device, and drives the electric device to travel through the motor.
  • the electrical device can be a car
  • the car can be a fuel car, a gas car or a new energy car
  • the new energy car can be It is a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the car includes a battery 200 , a controller 210 and a motor 220 .
  • the battery 200 is used for supplying power to the controller 210 and the motor 220 as the operating power and driving power of the vehicle.
  • the battery 200 is used for starting, navigating and running the vehicle.
  • the battery 200 supplies power to the controller 210, the controller 210 controls the battery 200 to supply power to the motor 220, and the motor 220 receives and uses the power of the battery 200 as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.
  • the battery 200 may include a plurality of battery modules that are electrically connected to each other.
  • the battery 200 includes a first case 201 , a second case 202 and a plurality of A plurality of battery modules 300 , wherein the first box body 201 and the second box body 202 are fastened to each other, and a plurality of battery modules 300 are arranged in the space enclosed by the first box body 201 and the second box body 202 .
  • the first case 201 and the second case 202 are hermetically connected.
  • the battery module 300 includes a plurality of battery cells 400, and the plurality of battery cells 400 can be electrically connected in series, parallel or mixed connection to achieve a larger current or voltage, wherein the mixed connection Refers to a combination of series and parallel. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the battery cells 400 can be placed upright, the height direction of the battery cells 400 is consistent with the z direction, the length direction of the battery cells 400 is consistent with the x direction, and a plurality of battery cells 400 along the The width direction is arranged side by side in the y direction; alternatively, the battery cells 400 can be laid flat, the width direction of the battery cells 400 is consistent with the z direction, the length direction of the battery cells 400 is consistent with the x direction, and a plurality of battery cells 400 are arranged along the z direction At least one layer can be stacked in the x-direction, and each layer includes a plurality of battery cells 400 spaced along the x-direction.
  • the battery cell 400 includes a housing 40, an electrode assembly 30, and an end cap assembly 10.
  • the end cap assembly 10 includes an end cap plate 10' that is connected to the housing 40 (eg, welding) to form the outer shell of the battery cell 400 , the electrode assembly 30 is disposed in the casing 40 , and the casing 40 is filled with electrolyte.
  • the battery cells 400 may be in the shape of a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder.
  • the electrode assembly 30 can be provided in a single or multiple. As shown in Figures 1-D, at least two independently wound electrode assemblies 30 may also be provided in the battery.
  • the electrode assembly 30 may be formed by winding or stacking the first pole piece, the second pole piece, and the isolation film between the adjacent first pole pieces and the second pole piece, wherein the isolation film is between the first pole pieces and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece is exemplified as a positive pole piece
  • the second pole piece is a negative pole piece for description.
  • the positive active material is coated on the coated area of the positive electrode sheet
  • the negative active material is coated on the coated area of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the electrode assembly 30 includes two tabs 301 , a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the positive tabs extend from the coated area of the positive pole piece, and the negative pole tabs extend from the coated area of the negative pole piece.
  • the end cap assembly 10 is arranged on the top of the electrode assembly 30. As shown in FIG. 1-D, the end cap assembly 10 includes an end cap plate 10' and two electrode terminals 5, and the two electrode terminals 5 are respectively a positive terminal and a negative terminal. Each electrode terminal 5 is provided with a corresponding connecting member 20 , and the connecting member 20 is located between the end cap plate 10 ′ and the electrode assembly 30 .
  • the tab 301 of the electrode assembly 30 in FIG. 1-D is at the top, the positive tab is connected to the positive terminal through one connecting member 20 , and the negative tab is connected to the negative terminal through another connecting member 20 .
  • the battery cell 400 may include two end cap assemblies 10 , which are respectively disposed on both ends of the casing 40 , and each end cap assembly 10 is provided with an electrode terminal 5 .
  • An explosion-proof member can also be provided on the end cover plate 10', when there is too much gas in the battery cell 400, the gas in the battery cell 400 is released in time to avoid explosion.
  • the end cover plate 10' is provided with an exhaust hole, and the exhaust hole can be arranged in the middle position of the end cover plate 10' along the length direction.
  • the explosion-proof component includes a pressure relief mechanism 6.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 6 is arranged on the exhaust hole. Under normal conditions, the pressure relief mechanism 6 is sealed and installed in the exhaust hole. When the battery cell 400 expands, the air pressure in the casing rises to When the preset value is exceeded, the pressure relief mechanism 6 is actuated to open, and the gas is released outward through the pressure relief mechanism 6 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 6 refers to an element or component that can be actuated to release the internal pressure and/or internal substances when the internal pressure or internal temperature of the battery cell 400 reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 6 may specifically take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, etc., and may specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure, that is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 400 is When the predetermined threshold value is reached, the pressure relief mechanism 6 performs an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism 6 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or a channel for releasing the internal pressure.
  • the threshold referred to in this application can be a pressure threshold or a temperature threshold, and the design of the threshold varies according to different design requirements, for example, it can be based on the internal pressure or internal temperature of the battery cell 400 that is considered to be dangerous or at risk of runaway design or determine the threshold. And, the threshold value may depend on, for example, the materials used for one or more of the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell 400 .
  • the “actuation” mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism 6 is actuated or activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure of the battery cell 400 can be released.
  • the action produced by the pressure relief mechanism 6 may include, but is not limited to, at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism 6 is ruptured, broken, torn or opened, and the like.
  • the emissions from the battery cells 400 mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of separators, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the reaction, flames, etc. .
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure discharge is discharged toward the direction of the battery cell 400 where the pressure relief mechanism 6 is provided, and may be discharged more specifically in the direction of the area where the pressure relief mechanism 6 is actuated, and the power and destructive power of such discharge may be very high. large, and may even be enough to break through one or more structures in that direction.
  • the end cap plate 10 ′ is provided with through holes for injecting electrolyte into the battery cells 400 , and the through holes can be round holes, elliptical holes, polygonal holes or other holes. shape of the hole, and can extend along the height direction of the end cap plate 10'.
  • the end cover plate 10' is provided with a liquid injection member 2 for closing the through hole.
  • the case 500 for the battery 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a carrying plate 510 and a one-way gravity valve 520 , wherein the carrying plate 510 is mainly used to carry the battery 200 , and the one-way gravity valve 520 is disposed on the carrier plate 510 and is configured to be closed when the gravity of the liquid in the box 500 is less than the threshold; and open when the gravity of the liquid in the box 500 reaches the threshold, so that the liquid is discharged through the one-way gravity valve 520 .
  • the liquid in the case 500 by setting the one-way gravity valve 520, when the liquid in the case is too much, for example, when the gravity of the liquid reaches a threshold value, the liquid in the case 500 can be discharged in time, thereby avoiding excessive liquid
  • the stored liquid stays in the box 500 for a long time, thereby reducing potential safety hazards and improving the life of the battery 200 .
  • the liquid in the box 500 also includes the discharge and the like released when the pressure relief mechanism 6 on the battery cell 400 is actuated.
  • the condensate and discharge of the battery may stay in the box 500, thereby affecting the service life of the battery 200, and may even bring about potential safety hazards.
  • the liquid in the box body 500 can be discharged in time, so as to prevent the above-mentioned liquid from staying in the box body 500 for a long time, thereby improving the service life and use safety of the battery 200 .
  • the carrier plate 510 for carrying the battery 200 is generally arranged at the bottom of the box body 500 , therefore, the one-way gravity valve 520 arranged on the carrier plate 510 is also arranged at the bottom of the box body 500 , which is beneficial to The liquid in the tank 500 is discharged.
  • the one-way gravity valve 520 may be disposed close to the side wall of the box body 500 , wherein the above-mentioned side wall is provided with a via hole for the passage of the pipe connected to the thermal management component. , the outer wall of the pipe near the via hole is more likely to produce condensate. Therefore, the one-way gravity valve 520 is arranged at a position close to the via hole, so as to facilitate the discharge of the condensate.
  • the size of the threshold value can be set according to actual needs, and the structure and size of the one-way gravity valve 520 can be determined according to the size of the threshold value, so as to meet the needs of liquid drainage inside the box 500 .
  • This embodiment of the present application does not make any special limitation on this.
  • the structure for discharging the liquid used in the embodiments of the present application is the one-way gravity valve 520 related to gravity, so the threshold value is also a value related to gravity.
  • the device used is a one-way gravity valve 520
  • the above-mentioned one-way gravity valve 520 includes a drain member 521 and a movable component 522, wherein,
  • the liquid drain member 521 has a first through hole 523, and the liquid drain member 521 is used to discharge the above-mentioned liquids such as condensate and discharge through the first through hole 523 when the gravity of the liquid in the tank 500 reaches a threshold value.
  • the movable component 522 is installed on the liquid drain member 521 and can move relative to the first through hole 523 , so that the movable component 522 seals the first through hole 523 when the gravity of the liquid in the box 500 is less than the above-mentioned threshold, and the movable component 522 is located in the box 500 When the gravity of the liquid reaches the above-mentioned threshold, the first through hole 523 is opened.
  • FIG. 4 shows the situation in which the movable component 522 seals the first through hole 523 when the gravity of the liquid in the tank 500 is less than the threshold value, so that the liquid in the tank 500 is small or there is no liquid and there is no need to discharge the liquid. At the time, it plays the role of sealing the box body 500;
  • FIG. 5 shows the situation where the movable component 522 opens the first through hole 523 when the gravity of the liquid in the box body 500 reaches the threshold value, so that the liquid in the box body 500 is relatively When more discharge is required, the first through hole 523 is opened to facilitate the discharge of the liquid, so as to prevent the liquid from staying in the box 500 for a long time and affecting the normal use of the battery 200 .
  • the movable component 522 may be arranged at the bottom of the first through hole 523, or may be arranged on the side wall of the first through hole 523. This application implements This example does not make any special restrictions.
  • the drain member 521 may have an accommodating cavity 524 , and the movable component 522 may be disposed in the accommodating cavity 524 and move up and down in the accommodating cavity 524 .
  • the first through hole 523 is sealed or opened by moving the movable component 522 up and down in the accommodating cavity 524 .
  • the accommodating cavity 524 needs to communicate with the first through hole 523, so that the liquid flowing into the first through hole 523 can be discharged from the first through hole 523.
  • the accommodating cavity 524 flows through to facilitate the discharge of the liquid.
  • the accommodating cavity 524 may be disposed at the bottom of the first through hole 523 or in the middle of the first through hole 523 , and the central axis of the accommodating cavity 524 may be the same as the central axis of the first through hole 523 . shaft, so as to facilitate the centering of the movable component 522 and the first through hole 523, so as to achieve a better sealing effect.
  • the structure of the movable component 522 can be various, as long as it can achieve movable sealing or open the first through hole 523 under the action of gravity.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not make any special limitation on this.
  • the movable assembly 522 further includes a sealing member 5221 and an elastic member 5222 , wherein the sealing member 5221 is movably connected in the accommodating cavity 524 to seal or open the first through hole 523 .
  • the elastic member 5222 is used to provide a predetermined supporting force to the sealing member 5221, and the predetermined supporting force is the same as the above-mentioned threshold, so that when the gravity of the liquid in the box 500 is less than the predetermined supporting force, the sealing member 5221 can The first through hole 523 is sealed; and the first through hole 523 is opened when the gravity of the liquid in the box body 500 reaches a preset supporting force, so that the liquid can be discharged.
  • the sealing member 5221 can be directly connected with the elastic member 5222, and the elastic member 5222 directly supports the sealing member 5221 to provide a preset supporting force to the sealing member 5221.
  • the sealing member 5221 may be a structural member such as a gasket whose cross-sectional area is larger than the cross-sectional area of the first through hole 523
  • the elastic member 5222 may be a spring
  • the upper end of the spring is connected to the sealing member 5221
  • the lower end of the spring is connected to the sealing member 5221.
  • the spring base 5223 can serve as a fixed limit for the lower end of the spring, so as to prevent the spring from being twisted during the expansion and contraction process, thereby affecting the centering of the sealing member 5221 and the first through hole 523, and reducing the impact on the sealing effect.
  • a second through hole 5224 needs to be provided on the spring base 5223 so that the liquid flowing into the accommodating cavity 524 can be discharged from the second through hole 5224 .
  • the box body 500 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a bottom plate 530 , the bottom plate 530 is used for connecting with the bearing plate 510 to form a water storage cavity, and the water storage cavity is communicated with the first through hole 523 to collect the waste water discharged through the first through hole 523 liquid, to prevent the liquid from flowing out of the box body 500 and directly flowing to the electrical device using the battery 200, thereby bringing about a safety risk.
  • the bottom plate 530 can be detachably connected to the carrying plate 510, and when the liquid in the water storage cavity reaches a certain amount, the bottom plate 530 can be disassembled to discharge the liquid in the water storage cavity.
  • a liquid discharge port may also be provided on the bottom plate 530, and the liquid discharge port may be sealed by a detachable sealing plug, so as to open the sealing plug when necessary, and discharge the liquid in the water storage chamber.
  • the box body 500 further includes a first wall 540 , the first wall 540 is configured to be connected with the carrier plate 510 to form a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery 200 , and the first wall 540 is provided with
  • the liquid discharge hole 5403 is used to discharge the liquid exceeding the height of the liquid discharge hole 5403 when the height of the liquid level in the tank 500 in the direction of gravity is greater than or equal to the liquid discharge hole 5403 .
  • the one-way gravity valve 520 cannot meet the demand for timely and rapid discharge of liquid when the liquid in the tank 500 is too much, to ensure that the liquid in the tank 500 can be discharged in time.
  • the setting position of the drain hole 5403 can be set according to the actual situation, for example, the drain hole 5403 is arranged at a position where the first wall 540 is close to the carrier plate 510, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the shape of the drain hole 5403 may be a circle, an ellipse, a semicircle, etc.
  • the size of the drain hole 5403 may be determined according to the size of the box 500 , which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first wall 540 includes a first sub-wall 5401 and a second sub-wall 5402, wherein the first sub-wall 5401 and the first sub-wall 5401 A cavity is formed between the two sub-walls 5402.
  • the first sub-wall 5401 is the inner wall of the box body 500
  • the second sub-wall 5402 is the outer wall of the box body 500
  • the first sub-wall 5401 is provided with a drainage hole 5403, that is, the drainage hole 5403 is disposed on the first sub-wall 5401.
  • the hole 5403 only penetrates the first sub-wall 5401 of the first wall 540, so that the liquid whose height of the liquid surface in the direction of gravity is greater than or equal to the liquid discharge hole 5403 is collected in the cavity, so that the liquid in the box 500 can be discharged in time .
  • the first wall 540 further includes a ventilation hole 5404 , and the ventilation hole 5404 is used to communicate the inside and outside of the box body 500 .
  • the liquid drain hole 5403 may be a part of the vent hole 5404, so that it can play the role of ventilation while playing the role of liquid drain.
  • the box body 500 further includes a condensing part 550 , and the condensing part 550 can be used to block the vent hole 5404 (that is, block the position where the drain hole 5403 is located), so that condensation can pass through the vent hole 5404 .
  • the gas flowing into the box 500 The condensing component 550 can condense the gas flowing into the box 500 in advance, so that the condensed liquid can be collected in a designated position, so as to prevent the condensed liquid from dispersing into the box 500 when condensation occurs after the gas is dispersed into the box 500 .
  • the condensing part 550 can be used to block the vent hole 5404 (that is, block the position where the drain hole 5403 is located), so that condensation can pass through the vent hole 5404 .
  • the gas flowing into the box 500 The condensing component 550 can condense the gas flowing into the box 500 in advance, so that the condensed liquid can be collected in a designated position, so as to prevent the condensed liquid from dispersing
  • the condensing part 550 is disposed on the inner surface of the box body 500 at a position opposite to the vent hole 5404, so that when the gas flows in from the vent hole 5404, it contacts the condensing part 550 for the first time, so as to prevent The purpose of the gas condensing in the box and then contacting the conductive members inside the box.
  • the case 500 further includes a thermal management part 560 for adjusting the temperature of the battery 200 , and the thermal management part 560 intersects with the first wall 540 to pass through the first wall 540 Entering the inside of the box 500 to adjust the temperature of the battery 200 .
  • the thermal management component 560 may be a component such as a water cooling plate, which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first part of the condensing part 550 extends along the thermal management part 560 to be attached to the above-mentioned thermal management part 560 , so that the condensing part 550 can conduct heat transfer with the thermal management part 560 , and further
  • the condensing component 550 has a good condensing effect.
  • the second part of the condensing part 550 extends along the first wall 540 to block the vent hole 5404, so that the condensed liquid after the condensation of the gas entering from the vent hole 5404 is also collected in the condensing part 550 to prevent the condensed liquid from flowing into the box Other positions of 500 are conducive to the discharge of condensate.
  • the condensing component 550 may have various structural forms.
  • the condensing component 550 may be a cover-like structure, and the cover-like structure may block the ventilation holes 5404 so that the gas entering from the ventilation holes 5404
  • the hood-like structure may be contacted and condensation may occur on the hood-like structure, and the condensed condensate may be collected at the condensing part 550 along the hood-like structure.
  • the space enclosed by the condensing part 550 and the box 500 is communicated with the first through hole 523 of the one-way gravity valve 520, so that the condensate collected in the condensing part 550 can flow to the one-way gravity valve 520, When the gravity of the liquid reaches a threshold value, the liquid is discharged from the first through hole 523 .
  • the condensing member 550 of the hood-like structure is attached to the first wall 540 in the area around the vent hole 5404 and has a first opening 5501 for gas to flow into the tank 500.
  • the gas condensed in the hood-like structure can enter the box 500 from the first opening 5501 . Since the above-mentioned gas has been condensed once, the probability of re-condensation of the gas entering the box 500 will be reduced, and even if condensed, the generated condensate will not be too much, which will bring security risks.
  • the first opening 5501 is disposed in the first direction of the cover-shaped structure, and the first direction is the opposite direction to the direction of gravity.
  • a fire protection system is usually provided inside the box body 500 to prevent the battery cells from being damaged.
  • Single unit 400 implements fire protection.
  • the position of the first opening 5501 may be opposite to the connection of the pipes of the fire protection system.
  • the first opening 5501 can collect the leakage of the connection of the pipes of the fire protection system. to prevent the fluid leaking from the connection of the pipes of the fire protection system from flowing into the inside of the box 500 and affecting the battery 200 .
  • the size of the first opening 5501 can be set larger, as long as the fluid leaked from the connection of the pipes of the fire protection system can be caught, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific size.
  • the projection surface of the cover-like structure on the first wall 540 may have various shapes, for example, a rectangular surface as shown in FIG. 9 , a U-shaped surface as shown in FIG. 10 , and a surface as shown in FIG. 11 V-shaped surfaces, etc., are not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the specific size of the cover-shaped structure can be determined according to the actual size of the space that the box body 500 can accommodate, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the cover-like structure of the condensing component 550 is further provided with a flow channel 5502 , and the flow channel 5502 is used to guide the condensate in the cover-like structure to the one-way gravity valve 520 . Portions of the condensation member 550 on both sides of the flow channel 5502 are attached to the first wall 540 .
  • the above-mentioned attachment may be various connection methods such as welding and gluing, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the cover-like structure has a second opening 5503 corresponding to the flow channel 5502 , and the second opening 5503 is used to guide the condensate of the cover-like structure to the flow channel 5502 and flow into the one-way gravity valve through the flow channel 5502
  • the one-way gravity valve 520 is also used to discharge the condensate in the flow channel 5502 out of the box 500 when the gravity of the condensate in the flow channel 5502 reaches the above-mentioned threshold.
  • the second opening 5503 is disposed in the second direction of the cover-shaped structure, and the second direction is the direction of gravity.
  • the flow channel 5502 can be designed as thin strips to increase the height of the flow channel, thereby increasing the pressure of the liquid, to ensure that the liquid in the flow channel can reach the threshold of the one-way gravity valve 520 and open the one-way gravity valve in time valve 520.
  • the box body 500 further includes a pressure balance mechanism 570 , and the pressure balance mechanism 570 is used to balance the pressure inside and outside the box body 500 .
  • the pressure balance mechanism 570 can be installed on the vent hole 5404 on the box body, and the air outside the box body 500 can flow into the box body 500 through the pressure balance mechanism 570 .
  • the box body 500 further includes a liquid storage member 580 disposed on the inner surface of the box body 500 for storing the liquid when the height of the liquid level of the liquid in the box body 500 along the direction of gravity reaches the level of liquid storage.
  • a liquid storage member 580 disposed on the inner surface of the box body 500 for storing the liquid when the height of the liquid level of the liquid in the box body 500 along the direction of gravity reaches the level of liquid storage.
  • the liquid storage member 580 includes a height-limiting plate 5801 and a deflector plate 5802 .
  • the height-limiting plate 5801 is in contact with the inner surface of the first sub-wall 5401 , and a boundary is formed between the height-limiting plate 5801 and the first sub-wall 5401 .
  • the liquid height-limiting cavity 5803 with an open top in the direction of gravity; wherein, the liquid-height-limiting cavity 5803 is configured to flow in the liquid when the surface of the liquid is higher than the liquid height-limiting cavity 5803 in the gravity direction.
  • the guide plate 5802 is in contact with the surface of the carrier plate 510 facing the battery cells 400 , a guide channel is provided between the guide plate 5802 and the carrier plate 510 , and the two ends of the guide channel are respectively connected to the liquid height-limiting cavity 5803 and the one-way gravity.
  • the valve 520 is connected; wherein, the diversion channel is used to discharge the liquid in the liquid height-limiting cavity 5803 to the one-way gravity valve 520 .
  • the present application also provides a battery.
  • the battery 200 includes the above-mentioned case 500 , and the case 500 is used for accommodating the battery 200 .
  • the specific structural form and working principle of the box body 500 have been described in detail in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • the battery 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided with the above-mentioned case 500, and the case 500 is provided with the one-way gravity valve 520, and the timing of discharging the liquid in the case 500 is determined according to the threshold of the one-way gravity valve 520 , when there is too much liquid in the box body 500, the liquid in the box body 500 can be discharged in time, thereby reducing potential safety hazards and improving the life of the battery 200; there is less liquid in the box body 500, which is not enough to open the one-way gravity valve At 520 , a small amount of liquid left in the box can also play a role in cooling the battery 200 inside the box 500 without affecting the safety of the battery 200 .
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, the electrical device includes the above-mentioned battery 200, and the battery 200 is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the battery 200 is arranged in the box body 500, and the box body 500 can discharge the internal liquid in time, so as to avoid the safety hazard caused by the liquid staying in the box body 500 for a long time.
  • the specific structural form and working principle of the box body 500 have been described in detail in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated in this embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing a battery, as shown in FIG. 14 , the method for preparing a battery may include the following steps.
  • Step S1410 the battery is mounted on the carrier board.
  • Step S1420 a one-way gravity valve is set on the bearing plate, wherein the one-way gravity valve is configured to be closed when the gravity of the liquid in the box is less than a threshold value; and open when the gravity of the liquid in the box reaches the threshold value, so that the liquid passes through.
  • One-way gravity valve discharge.
  • the battery 200 is arranged in the box 500.
  • the liquid can be discharged through the one-way gravity valve 520 arranged in the box 500, so that the liquid can be discharged. Safety hazards are reduced, and the service life of the battery 200 is improved.
  • the box body 500 also includes other components, which can be manufactured by corresponding methods, so as to finally obtain the required box body 500 that facilitates liquid discharge.
  • any method that can manufacture related components and connect related components falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application, and the embodiments of the present application will not be described in detail here.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides an apparatus for manufacturing a battery.
  • FIG. 15 a block diagram of an apparatus for manufacturing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.
  • the apparatus 1500 for manufacturing a battery may include: a first device 1510 and a second device 1520 .
  • the first device 1510 can be used to install the battery on the carrier plate, wherein the carrier plate belongs to a part of the box body and is arranged at the bottom of the box body.
  • the second device 1520 can be used to set a one-way gravity valve on the carrier plate.
  • the one-way gravity valve is configured to close when the gravity of the liquid in the tank is less than a threshold value; and to open when the gravity of the liquid in the tank reaches the threshold value, so that the liquid is discharged through the one-way gravity valve.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备，其中，箱体包括：承载板，用于承载电池；单向重力阀，设置于承载板；单向重力阀被配置为在箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在箱体内的液体的重力达到阈值时开启，以使液体经由单向重力阀排出。通过设置单向重力阀，在箱体内的液体过多，例如液体的重力达到阈值时，可以及时将箱体内的液体排出，从而可以避免过多的液体长期滞留在箱体内，进而可以减少安全隐患，提高电池的寿命。

Description

用于电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其是涉及一种用于电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备。
背景技术
电池作为一种重要的动力新能源，受到了越来越多的重视。由于电池在使用过程中会有温度的变化，所以现有技术中的电池通常都配备有热管理部件以对电池降温或加热。当热管理部件对电池降温时，箱体内与热管理部件接触的所有部件都会产生冷凝液，冷凝液与箱体内带电结构接触进而造成短路。
因此，需要设计一种防止冷凝液造成电池短路的箱体结构，以提高电池的安全性。
发明内容
本申请提供一种用于电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备，可以防止冷凝液造成电池短路。
本申请的第一方面提供了一种用于电池的箱体，其中，包括：
承载板，用于承载电池；
单向重力阀，设置于所述承载板；
其中，所述单向重力阀被配置为在所述箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启，以使所述液体经由所述单向重力阀排出。
在一些实施例中，所述单向重力阀包括：
排液件，具有第一通孔，所述排液件用于在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时通过所述第一通孔排出所述液体；
活动组件，安装于所述排液件且能够相对所述第一通孔移动，以使所述活动件在所述箱体内的液体的重力小于所述阈值时密封所述第一通孔，在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启所述第一通孔。
在一些实施例中，还包括底板，用于与所述承载板连接以形成蓄水腔，所述蓄水腔与所述第一通孔连通，以收集通过所述第一通孔排出的所述液体。
在一些实施例中，还包括第一壁，被配置为与所述承载板连接以形成容纳所述电池的收容腔，所述第一壁上设置有排液孔，所述排液孔用于在所述箱体内的所述液体的液面在重力方向的高度大于或等于所述排液孔时，排出超出所述排液孔高度的液体。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壁包括第一子壁和第二子壁，其中，所述第一子壁和所述第二子壁之间形成空腔，所述第一子壁为所述箱体的内壁，所述第二子壁为所述箱体的外壁，所述第一子壁上设置有所述排液孔，以使所述液面在重力方向的高度大于或等于所述排液孔的所述液体被收集在所述空腔。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壁还包括通气孔，所述通气孔用于连通所述箱体内外；所述箱体还包括冷凝部件，用于遮挡所述通气孔以冷凝通过所述通气孔流入所述箱体内部的气体。
在一些实施例中，所述冷凝部件设置于所述箱体的内表面。
在一些实施例中，所述箱体还包括热管理部件，所述热管理部件用于调节所述电池的温度，所述热管理部件与所述第一壁相交，所述冷凝部件的第一部分沿所述热管理部件延伸，以附接于所述热管理部件，所述冷凝部件的第二部分沿所述第一壁延伸，以遮挡所述通气孔。
在一些实施例中，所述冷凝部件包括罩状结构，所述罩状结构遮挡所述通气孔。
在一些实施例中，所述罩状结构附接于所述第一壁在所述通气孔的周围的区域，并具有用于气体流入所述箱体的第一开口。
在一些实施例中，所述第一开口设置于所述罩状结构的第一方向上，所述第一方向为重力方向的相反方向。
在一些实施例中，所述第一开口还用于在消防系统的管道的连接处泄露流体时，收集所述连接处泄露的流体。
在一些实施例中，所述罩状结构在所述第一壁上的投影面为U形面、V形面或矩形面。
在一些实施例中，所述冷凝部件还包括流道，所述流道用于将所述罩状结构的冷凝液导向所述单向重力阀。
在一些实施例中，所述冷凝部件在所述流道两侧的部分附接于所述第一壁。
在一些实施例中，所述罩状结构具有与所述流道对应的第二开口，所述第二开口用于将所述罩状结构的冷凝液导向所述流道。
在一些实施例中，所述第二开口设置于所述罩状结构的第二方向上，所述第二方向为重力方向。
在一些实施例中，所述单向重力阀还用于在所述流道内的冷凝液的重力达到所述阈值时将所述流道内的冷凝液排出所述箱体。
在一些实施例中，所述箱体还包括：压力平衡机构，用于平衡所述箱体内外的压力。
在一些实施例中，所述压力平衡机构设置在所述第二子壁上，由所述箱体外部通过所述压力平衡机构流入所述空腔的气体通过所述通气孔流入所述箱体内部。
在一些实施例中，所述箱体还包括设置于所述箱体内表面的蓄液件，用于在所述箱体内的所述液体的液面沿重力方向的高度达到所述蓄液件的高度时，收集流入所述蓄液件的液体，并将流入所述蓄液件的液体排向所述单 向重力阀。
根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种电池，包括上述的箱体，其中，所述箱体用于容纳所述电池。
根据本申请的第三方面，提供了一种用电装置，包括上述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
根据本申请的第四方面，提供了一种制备电池的方法，包括：
将电池安装在承载板上；
在所述承载板设置单向重力阀；
其中，所述单向重力阀被配置为在箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启，以使所述液体经由所述单向重力阀排出。
根据本申请的第五方面，提供了一种制备电池的设备，其中，包括：
第一装置，用于将电池安装在承载板上；
第二装置，用于在所述承载板设置单向重力阀；
其中，所述单向重力阀被配置为在箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启，以使所述液体经由所述单向重力阀排出。
根据本申请实施例提供的用于电池的箱体，通过设置单向重力阀，并根据单向重力阀的阈值来确定排出箱体内液体的时机，在箱体内的液体过多时，以及时排出箱体内的液体，避免过多的液体长期滞留在箱体内，从而可以减少短路等安全隐患，提高电池的寿命；在箱体内的液体较少，不足以打开单向重力阀时，留在箱体内的少量液体在不影响电池安全性的情况下，还可以起到对箱体内部电池降温的作用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对 实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1-A为本申请实施例的一种用电装置的结构示意图。
图1-B为本申请实施例的一种电池的结构示意图。
图1-C为本申请实施例的一种电池模块的结构示意图。
图1-D为本申请实施例的一种电池单体的结构示意图。
图2为本申请实施例的一种用于电池的箱体内部的局部结构示意图。
图3为本申请实施例的图2中A-A向的截面示意图。
图4为本申请实施例的一种单向重力阀的截面示意图一。
图5为本申请实施例的一种单向重力阀的截面示意图二。
图6为本申请实施例的一种单向重力阀的爆炸图。
图7为本申请实施例的一种箱体的局部示意图一。
图8为本申请实施例的一种箱体的局部示意图二。
图9为本申请实施例的一种冷凝部件的结构示意图。
图10为本申请实施例的另一种冷凝部件的结构示意图。
图11为本申请实施例的再一种冷凝部件的结构示意图。
图12为本申请实施例的一种压力平衡机构的结构示意图。
图13为本申请实施例的一种蓄液件的结构示意图。
图14为本申请实施例的一种制备电池的方法的流程图。
图15为本申请实施例的一种制备电池的设备的方框图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，为本申请的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本申请的保护范围，故：凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语“实施例”并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
此外，本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序，可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，机械结构的“相连”或“连接” 可以是指物理上的连接，例如，物理上的连接可以是固定连接，例如通过固定件固定连接，例如通过螺丝、螺栓或其它固定件固定连接；物理上的连接也可以是可拆卸连接，例如相互卡接或卡合连接；物理上的连接也可以是一体地连接，例如，焊接、粘接或一体成型形成连接进行连接。电路结构的“相连”或“连接”除了可以是指物理上的连接，还可以是指电连接或信号连接，例如，可以是直接相连，即物理连接，也可以通过中间至少一个元件间接相连，只要达到电路相通即可，还可以是两个元件内部的连通；信号连接除了可以通过电路进行信号连接外，也可以是指通过媒体介质进行信号连接，例如，无线电波。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
为了在以下实施例中清楚地描述各个方位，可以使用一些方位用词，例如，如图1-D中的坐标系统对电池的各个方位方向进行了定义，x方向表示电池单体400的长度方向，y方向在水平面内与x方向垂直，表示电池单体400的宽度方向，z方向垂直于x方向和y方向，表示电池的高度方向。此外，上述描述的x方向、y方向以及z方向等用于说明本实施例的电池的各构件的操作和构造的指示方向的表述不是绝对的而是相对的，且尽管当电池的各构件处于图中所示的位置时这些指示是恰当的，但是当这些位置改变时，这些方向应有不同的解释，以对应改变。
基于相同的方位理解，在本申请的描述中，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
可充电电池可以称为二次电池或动力电池，目前，使用比较广泛的可充电电池为锂电池，例如，锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限 于此。为描述方便，本文中可以将可充电电池统称为电池。
电池的安全特性是衡量电池的一个重要特性，在使用或充电时需要尽可能保证电池的安全性。
电池一般由多个电池单体连接组合而成，电池单体在使用过程中，会发生温度的变化。当温度过高的时候需要通过热管理部件对电池单体降温，以避免电池单体的温度过高而引起电池单体发生失效、热失控，甚至引发爆炸等事故。
然而，当热管理部件等部件内的液体通过管道对箱体内部的电池冷却的时候，由于上述液体的温度和箱体内部的气体之间存在温度差，进而很容易在管道壁上形成冷凝液。当大量冷凝液与电池在同一个箱体内共存，很容易发生短路等安全问题，严重影响电池的使用寿命。为解决上述问题，发明人将箱体内的导电构件包覆绝缘材料以防止导电构件与冷凝液接触造成短路，但发明人发现这种包覆很难完全覆盖导电构件，且对于不规则形状的导电构件而言，这种包覆更加困难。基于此，发明人试图将箱体热管理部件冷却的过多冷凝液从箱体内排出以解决短路等安全问题。
鉴于此，本申请提供一种用于电池的箱体，以便于排出电池内部的冷凝液，避免大量冷凝液在电池内部长期聚集而带来安全隐患。本申请的用于电池的箱体，不仅能够及时排出电池内部的冷凝液，还能使得与热管理部件连接的管道的管壁外侧的冷凝液处于便于排出的位置，从而可以进一步减少冷凝液对电池的影响，包括减小电池单体由于过多冷凝液带来的短路的风险。
本申请实施例中的电池可应用于各种能够以电能提供动力来源的用电装置。此处的用电装置可以但并非仅限于电动汽车、电动列车、电动自行车、高尔夫球车、无人机或轮船等。并且，用电装置可为仅使用电池提供动力的装置，也可为混合动力型装置。电池为用电装置提供电能，并通过电机带动电动装置行进。
例如，如图1-A所示，为本申请一实施例的一种用电装置的结构示意 图，用电装置可以为汽车，汽车可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。汽车包括电池200、控制器210和马达220。电池200用于向控制器210和马达220供电，作为汽车的操作电源和驱动电源，例如，电池200用于汽车的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。例如，电池200向控制器210供电，控制器210控制电池200向马达220供电，马达220接收并使用电池200的电力作为汽车的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为汽车提供驱动动力。
为了使得电池达到较高的功能以满足使用需求，电池200可以包括相互电连接的多个电池模块，如图1-B所示，电池200包括第一箱体201、第二箱体202和多个电池模块300，其中，第一箱体201和第二箱体202相互扣合，多个电池模块300排布在第一箱体201和第二箱体202围合形成的空间内。在一些实施例中，第一箱体201和第二箱体202密封连接。
如图1-C所示，电池模块300包括多个电池单体400，多个电池单体400可以通过串联、并联或混联的方式电连接以实现较大的电流或电压，其中，混联是指串联和并联的组合。例如，如图1-C所示，电池单体400可立放，电池单体400的高度方向与z向一致，电池单体400的长度方向与x向一致，多个电池单体400沿其宽度方向并排设置在y向上；或者，电池单体400可以平放，电池单体400的宽度方向与z向一致，电池单体400的长度方向与x向一致，多个电池单体400沿z向可以堆叠至少一层，每一层包括沿x向间隔设置的多个电池单体400。
为了使本领域技术人员清楚地了解本申请的改进点，首先对电池单体400的整体结构进行说明。
如图1-D所示，电池单体400包括壳体40、电极组件30和端盖组件10，端盖组件10包括端盖板10’，端盖板10’与壳体40连接(例如，焊接)形成电池单体400的外壳，电极组件30设置在壳体40内，且壳体40内填充电解液。电池单体400可为立方体形、长方体形或圆柱体形。
根据实际使用需求，电极组件30可设置为单个，或多个。如图1-D所示，也可在电池内设置至少两个独立卷绕的电极组件30。电极组件30可通过将第一极片、第二极片以及位于相邻第一极片和第二极片之间的隔离膜一同卷绕或堆叠而形成主体部，其中，隔离膜是介于相邻第一极片和第二极片之间的绝缘体。在本实施例中，示例性地以第一极片为正极极片，第二极片为负极极片进行说明。正极活性物质被涂覆在正极极片的涂覆区上，而负极活性物质被涂覆到负极极片的涂覆区上。由主体部的涂覆区延伸出的多个未涂覆区层叠作为极耳。电极组件30包括两个极耳301，即正极极耳和负极极耳。正极极耳从正极极片的涂覆区延伸出，而负极极耳从负极极片的涂覆区延伸出。
端盖组件10设在电极组件30顶部，如图1-D所示，端盖组件10包括端盖板10’和两个电极端子5，两个电极端子5分别为正极端子和负极端子，每个电极端子5对应设置一个连接构件20，连接构件20位于端盖板10’与电极组件30之间。
例如，图1-D中电极组件30的极耳301位于顶部，正极极耳通过一个连接构件20与正极端子连接，负极极耳通过另一个连接构件20与负极端子连接。可选的，电池单体400可以包括两个端盖组件10，分别设置于壳体40的两端，每个端盖组件10上设置一个电极端子5。
端盖板10’上还可设置防爆构件，当电池单体400内气体太多时及时释放电池单体400内的气体，避免发生爆炸。
端盖板10’上设有排气孔，排气孔可设在端盖板10’沿长度方向的中间位置。防爆构件包括泄压机构6，泄压机构6设在排气孔上，在正常状态下，泄压机构6密封安装于排气孔，在电池单体400发生膨胀使外壳内的气压升高至超出预设值时，泄压机构6致动开启，气体通过泄压机构6向外释放。
泄压机构6是指在电池单体400的内部压力或内部温度达到预定阈值时能够致动以泄放内部压力和/或内部物质的元件或部件。泄压机构6具体可 以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏或温敏的元件或构造，即，当电池单体400的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时，泄压机构6执行动作或者泄压机构6中设有的薄弱结构被破坏，从而形成可供内部压力泄放的开口或通道。本申请中所称的阈值可以是压力阈值或温度阈值，该阈值的设计根据设计需求的不同而不同，例如可根据被认为是存在危险或失控风险的电池单体400的内部压力或内部温度值而设计或确定该阈值。并且，该阈值例如可能取决于电池单体400中的正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离膜中的一种或几种所用的材料。
本申请中所提到的“致动”是指泄压机构6产生动作或被激活至一定的状态，从而使得电池单体400的内部压力得以被泄放。泄压机构6产生的动作可以包括但不限于：泄压机构6中的至少一部分破裂、破碎、被撕裂或者打开，等等。泄压机构6在致动时，电池单体400的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从致动的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力或温度的情况下使电池单体400发生泄压，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。本申请中所提到的来自电池单体400的排放物包括但不限于：电解液、被溶解或分裂的正负极极片、隔离膜的碎片、反应产生的高温高压气体、火焰，等等。高温高压的排放物朝向电池单体400的设置泄压机构6的方向排放，并且可更具体地沿朝向泄压机构6致动的区域的方向排放，这种排放物的威力和破坏力可能很大，甚至可能足以冲破在该方向上的一个或多个结构。
在一些实施例中，如图1-D所示，端盖板10’上设有用于向电池单体400内注入电解液的通孔，通孔可采用圆孔、椭圆孔、多边形孔或其它形状的孔，并可沿端盖板10’的高度方向延伸。端盖板10’上设有用于将通孔封闭的注液构件2。
如图2和3所示，本申请实施例提供的用于电池200的箱体500，包括承载板510和单向重力阀520，其中，承载板510主要用于承载电池200，单向重力阀520设置于承载板510，被配置为在箱体500内的液体的重力小 于阈值时关闭；且在箱体500内的液体的重力达到阈值时开启，以使液体经由单向重力阀520排出。
本申请实施例提供的箱体500，通过设置单向重力阀520，在箱体内的液体过多，例如液体的重力达到阈值时，可以及时将箱体500内的液体排出，从而可以避免过多的液体长期滞留在箱体500内，从而可以减少安全隐患，提高电池200的寿命。
需要说明的是，箱体500内的液体除与热管理部件连接的管道外壁产生的冷凝液外，还有当电池单体400上的泄压机构6致动时释放的的排放物等，上述的冷凝液和排放物都有可能滞留在箱体500内，进而影响电池200的使用寿命，甚至有可能带来安全隐患。本申请实施例通过在箱体内设置单向重力阀520可以及时排出箱体500内的液体，避免上述液体长期滞留在箱体500内，进而可以提高电池200的使用寿命和使用安全性。
本申请实施例中，用于承载电池200的承载板510一般设置在箱体500的底部，因此，设置在承载板510上的单向重力阀520也设置在箱体500的底部，从而有利于排出箱体500内的液体。
如图2和图3所示，本申请实施例中，单向重力阀520可以靠近箱体500的侧壁设置，其中，上述侧壁上设置有用于与热管理部件连接的管道通过的过孔，在过孔附近的管道外壁更容易产生冷凝液。因此，将单向重力阀520设置在靠近过孔的位置，从而有利于冷凝液的排出。
在实际应用中，阈值的大小可以根据实际需要设置，并且可以根据阈值的大小确定单向重力阀520的结构和尺寸，从而满足箱体500内部排液的需求。本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中使用的排放液体的结构是与重力有关的单向重力阀520，因此阈值也是与重力有关的值。
还需要说明的是，除本申请实施例提供的通过单向重力阀520来排放液体外，还可以采用其他的结构来排放箱体500内的液体，任何有利于箱体 500内液体排出的结构均落入本申请实施例保护的范围内。
如图4和图5所示，作为一种示例，本申请实施例中，所使用的设备为单向重力阀520，且上述单向重力阀520包括排液件521和活动组件522，其中，排液件521具有第一通孔523，排液件521用于在箱体500内的液体的重力达到阈值时通过第一通孔523排出上述的冷凝液和排放物等液体。活动组件522则安装于排液件521且能够相对第一通孔523移动，以使活动组件522在箱体500内的液体的重力小于上述阈值时密封第一通孔523，在箱体500内的液体的重力达到上述阈值时开启第一通孔523。
其中，图4所示的是箱体500内的液体的重力小于阈值时，活动组件522密封第一通孔523的情况，以在箱体500内的液体较小或者没有液体而无需排放液体的时候，起到密封箱体500的作用；图5所示的是箱体500内的液体的重力达到阈值时，活动组件522开启第一通孔523的情况，以在箱体500内的液体较多需要排放的时候，打开第一通孔523，以便于液体排出，避免液体长期滞留在箱体500内部而影响电池200的正常使用。
在实际应用中，活动组件522的具体设置位置可以有多种，例如，活动组件522可以设置在第一通孔523的底部，也可以设置在第一通孔523的侧壁上，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。
在本申请实施例中，继续参照图4和图5，排液件521可以具有容纳腔524，活动组件522则可以设置在该容纳腔524内，并可在容纳腔524内上下移动。通过活动组件522在容纳腔524内的上下移动，以实现对第一通孔523的密封或开启。
在实际应用中，由于活动组件522需要在容纳腔524内部密封和开启第一通孔523，因此，容纳腔524需要与第一通孔523连通，以便于流入第一通孔523的液体可以从容纳腔524流过，便于液体排出。
在实际应用中，容纳腔524可以设置在第一通孔523的底部，也可以设置在第一通孔523的中部，并且，容纳腔524的中心轴可以与第一通孔523 的中心轴共轴，从而有利于活动组件522与第一通孔523对中，以达到更好的密封效果。
在实际应用中，活动组件522的结构形式可以有多种，只要能在重力的作用下，实现活动密封或开启第一通孔523即可。本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。
如图6所示，本申请实施例中，活动组件522还包括密封件5221和弹性件5222，其中，密封件5221活动连接于容纳腔524内以密封或开启第一通孔523。弹性件5222则用于向密封件5221提供预设支撑力，该预设支撑力的大小与上述阈值相同，以在箱体500内的液体的重力小于预设支撑力的时候，密封件5221可以密封第一通孔523；而在箱体500内的液体的重力达到预设支撑力时开启第一通孔523，以使液体可以排出。
本申请实施例中，作为一种简单的连接方式，密封件5221可以直接与弹性件5222连接，弹性件5222直接支撑密封件5221，以向密封件5221提供预设支撑力。
在实际应用中，密封件5221可以是横截面积大于第一通孔523横截面积的密封垫等结构件，弹性件5222可以是弹簧，且弹簧的上端连接在密封件5221上，弹簧的下端支撑在弹簧底座5223上。弹簧底座5223对弹簧的下端可以起到固定限位的作用，避免弹簧在伸缩过程中发生扭曲而影响密封件5221与第一通孔523的对中，减小对密封效果的影响。另外，弹簧底座5223上还需要设置第二通孔5224，以便于流入到容纳腔524内的液体从第二通孔5224排出。
本申请实施例提供的箱体500还包括底板530，底板530用于与承载板510连接以形成蓄水腔，蓄水腔与第一通孔523连通，以收集通过第一通孔523排出的液体，避免液体从箱体500流出后直接流到使用电池200的用电装置上，进而带来安全风险。
在实际应用中，底板530可以与承载板510可拆卸连接，在蓄水腔内 的液体达到一定量的时候，可以拆卸底板530以排放蓄水腔内的液体。也可以在底板530上开设排液口，通过可拆卸的密封塞密封排液口，以在需要的时候打开密封塞，排放蓄水腔内的液体。
如图2所示，本申请实施例中，箱体500还包括第一壁540，第一壁540被配置为与承载板510连接以形成容纳电池200的收容腔，第一壁540上设置有排液孔5403，排液孔5403用于在箱体500内的液体的液面在重力方向的高度大于或等于排液孔5403时，排出超出排液孔5403高度的液体。以避免箱体500内的液体过多时，仅仅使用单向重力阀520无法满足及时迅速排放液体的需求的情况发生，以确保箱体500内的液体可以及时排出。
在实际应用中，排液孔5403的设置位置可以根据实际情况设置，例如排液孔5403设置在第一壁540靠近承载板510的位置等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。另外，排液孔5403的形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、半圆形等，排液孔5403的大小可以根据箱体500的大小确定，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。
图7示出了第一壁540上排液孔5403的结构示意图，本申请实施例中，第一壁540包括第一子壁5401和第二子壁5402，其中，第一子壁5401和第二子壁5402之间形成空腔，第一子壁5401为箱体500的内壁，第二子壁5402为箱体500的外壁，第一子壁5401上设置有排液孔5403，即排液孔5403只贯穿第一壁540的第一子壁5401，以使液面在重力方向的高度大于或等于排液孔5403的液体被收集在空腔内，从而可以及时排出箱体500内的液体。
如图8所示，第一壁540上还包括通气孔5404，通气孔5404用于连通箱体500内外。在实际应用中，排液孔5403可以是通气孔5404的一部分，从而可以在起到排液的作用的同时，起到通气的作用。
如图2所示，本申请实施例中，箱体500还包括冷凝部件550，冷凝部件550可以用于遮挡通气孔5404(也就是遮挡排液孔5403所在的位置)，以 冷凝通过通气孔5404流入箱体500内部的气体。通过冷凝部件550可以提前冷凝流入箱体500内部的气体，使得冷凝后的液体可以收集在指定位置，避免气体分散到箱体500内后发生冷凝时，冷凝后的液体散流到箱体500内的各个位置，以达到收集冷凝液的目的，从而有利于冷凝液的排出。
本申请实施例中，冷凝部件550设置于箱体500的内表面，与通气孔5404相对的位置上，以使得气体从通气孔5404流入时，第一时间接触到冷凝部件550上，以达到防止气体在箱体内冷凝进而与箱体内部导电构件接触的目的。
在实际应用中，如图3所示，箱体500还包括热管理部件560，热管理部件560用于调节电池200的温度，热管理部件560与第一壁540相交，以通过第一壁540进入到箱体500内部，实现对电池200温度的调节。其中，热管理部件560可以是水冷板等部件，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。
继续参考图3，本申请实施例中，冷凝部件550的第一部分沿热管理部件560延伸，以附接于上述热管理部件560，以使得冷凝部件550可以与热管理部件560进行热量传递，进而使得冷凝部件550有良好的冷凝效果。冷凝部件550的第二部分沿第一壁540延伸，以遮挡通气孔5404，以将从通气孔5404进入的气体发生冷凝后的冷凝液也收集在冷凝部件550内，避免冷凝液流到箱体500的其他位置，有利于冷凝液的排放。
在实际应用中，冷凝部件550的结构形式可以有多种，本申请实施例中，冷凝部件550可以为罩状结构，该罩状结构可以遮挡通气孔5404，以使得从通气孔5404进入的气体可以接触到罩状结构，并在罩状结构上发生冷凝，并且冷凝后的冷凝液可以沿着罩状结构收集在冷凝部件550处。
本申请实施例中，冷凝部件550与箱体500围合的空间与单向重力阀520的第一通孔523连通，以使得收集在冷凝部件550内的冷凝液可以流向单向重力阀520，在液体的重力达到阈值时，从第一通孔523排出。
继续参考图2和图8，罩状结构的冷凝部件550附接于第一壁540在 通气孔5404的周围的区域，并具有用于气体流入箱体500的第一开口5501。在罩状结构内发生冷凝后的气体可以从第一开口5501进入到箱体500内。由于上述气体已经发生过一次冷凝，进入到箱体500内的气体发生再次冷凝的几率会降低，即使冷凝，所产生的冷凝液也不会过多而带来安全隐患。
本申请实施例中，第一开口5501设置于罩状结构的第一方向上，且第一方向为重力方向的相反方向。
在实际应用中，为了防止在电池单体400发生热失控时，从电池单体400内部排出的高温高压排放物带来更大危害，通常在箱体500的内部设置有消防系统，以对电池单体400实行消防。
本申请实施例中，第一开口5501的位置可以与消防系统的管道的连接处相对，当消防系统的管道的连接处发生流体泄露时，第一开口5501可以收集消防系统的管道的连接处泄露的流体，以避免消防系统的管道的连接处泄露的流体流至箱体500内部而对电池200造成影响。
在实际应用中，第一开口5501的尺寸可以设置得较大，以能够接住从消防系统的管道的连接处泄露的流体为准，本申请实施例对于具体的尺寸不作限定。
在实际应用中，罩状结构在第一壁540上的投影面可以有多种形状，例如，如图9所示的矩形面、如图10所示的U形面、如图11所示的V形面等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。且罩状结构的具体尺寸可以根据实际的箱体500可容纳的空间大小来确定，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限定。
如图9-图11所示，冷凝部件550的罩状结构上还设置有流道5502，流道5502用于将罩状结构的冷凝液导向单向重力阀520。冷凝部件550在流道5502两侧的部分附接于第一壁540。
在实际应用中，上述附接可以是焊接、胶粘等多种连接方式，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中，罩状结构具有与流道5502对应的第二开口5503，第 二开口5503用于将罩状结构的冷凝液导向流道5502，并通过流道5502流入到单向重力阀520处，单向重力阀520还用于在流道5502内的冷凝液的重力达到上述阈值时将流道5502内的冷凝液排出箱体500。其中，第二开口5503设置于罩状结构的第二方向上，第二方向为重力方向。
在实际应用中，可以将流道5502设计为细条条状，以增加流道的高度，进而增大液体的压力，以确保流道内液体能达到单向重力阀520的阈值并及时打开单向重力阀520。
如图12所示，箱体500还包括压力平衡机构570，压力平衡机构570用于平衡箱体500内外的压力。在实际应用中，压力平衡机构570可以安装于箱体上的通气孔5404，且箱体500外部气体可以通过压力平衡机构570流入箱体500内部。
如图13所示，本申请实施例中，箱体500还包括设置于箱体500内表面的蓄液件580，用于在箱体500内的液体的液面沿重力方向的高度达到蓄液件580的高度时，收集流入蓄液件580的液体，并将流入蓄液件580的液体排向单向重力阀520。
在实际应用中，蓄液件580包括限高板5801和导流板5802，限高板5801与第一子壁5401的内表面接触，且限高板5801与第一子壁5401之间形成沿重力方向的顶部敞口的液体限高腔5803；其中，液体限高腔5803被配置为当液体的表面在重力方向高于液体限高腔5803时，用于流入液体。导流板5802与承载板510的朝向电池单体400的表面接触，导流板5802与承载板510之间设有导流通道，导流通道的两端分别与液体限高腔5803和单向重力阀520连通；其中，导流通道用于将液体限高腔5803中的液体排向单向重力阀520。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种电池，电池200包括上述的箱体500，箱体500用于容纳电池200。其中，箱体500的具体结构形式和工作原理已经在上述实施例中进行了详细说明，本实施例对此不再赘述。
综上，本申请实施例提供的电池200，通过设置上述的箱体500，箱体500上设置有单向重力阀520，根据单向重力阀520的阈值来确定排出箱体500内液体的时机，在箱体500内的液体过多时，以及时排出箱体500内的液体，从而可以减少安全隐患，提高电池200的寿命；在箱体500内的液体较少，不足以打开单向重力阀520时，留在箱体内的少量液体在不影响电池200安全性的情况下，还可以起到对箱体500内部电池200降温的作用。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，用电装置包括上述的电池200，电池200用于提供电能。其中，电池200设置在箱体500内，且箱体500可以及时排出内部的液体，避免液体长期滞留在箱体500内带来安全隐患。其中，箱体500的具体结构形式和工作原理已经在上述实施例中进行了详细说明，本实施例对此不再赘述。
上文描述了本申请实施例的电池和用电装置，下面将描述本申请实施例的制备电池的方法和设备，其中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
另一方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种制备电池的方法，如图14所示，该制备电池的方法可以包括以下步骤。
步骤S1410，将电池安装在承载板上。
步骤S1420，在承载板设置单向重力阀，其中，单向重力阀被配置为在箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在箱体内的液体的重力达到阈值时开启，以使液体经由单向重力阀排出。
参照箱体500部分的实施例可以知道，电池200设置在箱体500内，当箱体500内的液体较多时，可以通过设置在箱体500内的单向重力阀520将液体排出，从而可以减少安全隐患，提高电池200的使用寿命。
参照箱体500部分的实施例可知，箱体500还包括其他部件，可以通过相应的方法制造这些部件，以最终获得需要的便于液体排出的箱体500。在实际应用中，任何可以制造相关部件和连接相关部件的方法均落入本申请实施例的保护范围内，本申请实施例在此不再冗述。
另一方面，本申请实施还提供了一种制备电池的设备，参照图15，示出了根据本申请实施例的一种制造电池的设备的方框图。如图15所示，该制造电池的设备1500可以包括：第一装置1510和第二装置1520。
第一装置1510，可以用于将电池安装在承载板上，其中，承载板属于箱体的一部分，设置在箱体的底部。
第二装置1520，可以用于在承载板设置单向重力阀。
其中，单向重力阀被配置为在箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在箱体内的液体的重力达到阈值时开启，以使液体经由单向重力阀排出。
上述中各制备电池的设备的具体细节已经在对应的用于电池的箱体实施例中进行了详细的描述，因此此处不再赘述。
本申请上述各保护主题以及各实施例中的特征之间可以相互借鉴，在结构允许的情况下，本领域技术人员也可对不同实施例中的技术特征灵活组合，以形成更多的实施例。
以上对本申请所提供的一种电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体的实施例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以对本申请进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本申请权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种用于电池的箱体，其中，包括：
    承载板，用于承载电池；
    单向重力阀，设置于所述承载板；
    其中，所述单向重力阀被配置为在所述箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启，以使所述液体经由所述单向重力阀排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的箱体，其中，所述单向重力阀包括：
    排液件，具有第一通孔，所述排液件用于在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时通过所述第一通孔排出所述液体；
    活动组件，安装于所述排液件且能够相对所述第一通孔移动，以使所述活动件在所述箱体内的液体的重力小于所述阈值时密封所述第一通孔，在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启所述第一通孔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的箱体，其中，还包括底板，用于与所述承载板连接以形成蓄水腔，所述蓄水腔与所述第一通孔连通，以收集通过所述第一通孔排出的所述液体。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的箱体，其中，还包括第一壁，被配置为与所述承载板连接以形成容纳所述电池的收容腔，所述第一壁上设置有排液孔，所述排液孔用于在所述箱体内的所述液体的液面在重力方向的高度大于或等于所述排液孔时，排出超出所述排液孔高度的液体。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的箱体，其中，所述第一壁包括第一子壁和第二子壁，其中，所述第一子壁和所述第二子壁之间形成空腔，所述第一子壁为所述箱体的内壁，所述第二子壁为所述箱体的外壁，所述第一子壁上设置有所述排液孔，以使所述液面在重力方向的高度大于或等于所述排液孔的所述液体被收集在所述空腔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的箱体，其中，所述第一壁还包括通气孔，所述通气孔用于连通所述箱体内外；所述箱体还包括冷凝部件，用于遮挡所述通气孔以冷凝通过所述通气孔流入所述箱体内部的气体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的箱体，其中，所述冷凝部件设置于所述箱体的内表面。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的箱体，其中，所述箱体还包括热管理部件，所述热管理部件用于调节所述电池的温度，所述热管理部件与所述第一壁相交，所述冷凝部件的第一部分沿所述热管理部件延伸，以附接于所述热管理部件，所述冷凝部件的第二部分沿所述第一壁延伸，以遮挡所述通气孔。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一项所述的箱体，其中，所述冷凝部件包括罩状结构，所述罩状结构遮挡所述通气孔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的箱体，其中，所述罩状结构附接于所述第一壁在所述通气孔的周围的区域，并具有用于气体流入所述箱体的第一开口。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的箱体，其中，所述第一开口设置于所述罩状结构的第一方向上，所述第一方向为重力方向的相反方向。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的箱体，其中，所述第一开口还用于在消防系统的管道的连接处泄露流体时，收集所述连接处泄露的流体。
  13. 根据权利要求9-12任一项所述的箱体，其中，所述罩状结构在所述第一壁上的投影面为U形面、V形面或矩形面。
  14. 根据权利要求9-13任一项所述的箱体，其中，所述冷凝部件还包括流道，所述流道用于将所述罩状结构的冷凝液导向所述单向重力阀。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的箱体，其中，所述冷凝部件在所述流道两侧的部分附接于所述第一壁。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的箱体，其中，所述罩状结构具有与所述流道对应的第二开口，所述第二开口用于将所述罩状结构的冷凝液导向所述流道。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的箱体，其中，所述第二开口设置于所述罩状结构的第二方向上，所述第二方向为重力方向。
  18. 根据权利要求14-17任一项所述的箱体，其中，所述单向重力阀还用于在所述流道内的冷凝液的重力达到所述阈值时将所述流道内的冷凝液排出所述箱体。
  19. 根据权利要求6-18任一项所述的箱体，其中，所述箱体还包括：
    压力平衡机构，用于平衡所述箱体内外的压力。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的箱体，其中，所述压力平衡机构设置在所述第二子壁上，由所述箱体外部通过所述压力平衡机构流入所述空腔的气体通过所述通气孔流入所述箱体内部。
  21. 根据权利要求1-20任一项所述的箱体，其中，所述箱体还包括设置于所述箱体内表面的蓄液件，用于在所述箱体内的所述液体的液面沿重力方向的高度达到所述蓄液件的高度时，收集流入所述蓄液件的液体，并将流入所述蓄液件的液体排向所述单向重力阀。
  22. 一种电池，包括如权利要求1-21任一项所述的箱体，其中，所述箱体用于容纳所述电池。
  23. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求22所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  24. 一种制备电池的方法，包括：
    将电池安装在承载板上；
    在所述承载板设置单向重力阀；
    其中，所述单向重力阀被配置为在箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启，以使所述液体经由所述单向重力阀排出。
  25. 一种制备电池的设备，其中，包括：
    第一装置，用于将电池安装在承载板上；
    第二装置，用于在所述承载板设置单向重力阀；
    其中，所述单向重力阀被配置为在箱体内的液体的重力小于阈值时关闭；且在所述箱体内的液体的重力达到所述阈值时开启，以使所述液体经由所述单向重力阀排出。
PCT/CN2020/121996 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 用于电池的箱体、电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备 Ceased WO2022082393A1 (zh)

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