WO2022083283A1 - 用天气预报、时间、温度和液位控制的冰蓄冷冷暖热空调系统 - Google Patents

用天气预报、时间、温度和液位控制的冰蓄冷冷暖热空调系统 Download PDF

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WO2022083283A1
WO2022083283A1 PCT/CN2021/114948 CN2021114948W WO2022083283A1 WO 2022083283 A1 WO2022083283 A1 WO 2022083283A1 CN 2021114948 W CN2021114948 W CN 2021114948W WO 2022083283 A1 WO2022083283 A1 WO 2022083283A1
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heating
temperature
control
cooling
energy
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English (en)
French (fr)
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卿云峰
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Priority to CA3196048A priority Critical patent/CA3196048A1/en
Priority to EP21881702.1A priority patent/EP4215828A4/en
Publication of WO2022083283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022083283A1/zh
Priority to US18/302,118 priority patent/US20240328649A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/46—Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/56—Remote control
    • F24F11/58—Remote control using Internet communication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
    • F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F2005/0032—Systems storing energy during the night
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2130/00—Control inputs relating to environmental factors not covered by group F24F2110/00
    • F24F2130/10—Weather information or forecasts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26—Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2614—HVAC, heating, ventillation, climate control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention integrates intelligent cloud control and air source heat pump system.
  • it is an ice cold storage system that integrates the intelligent data capture of the Internet of Things, time program control, different station temperatures and ambient temperatures, and accurate calculation of ice storage volume control based on liquid level detection.
  • It is an air source heat pump system that integrates heat recovery and utilization in refrigeration conditions. It belongs to the field of intelligently controlled HVAC and heat pumps.
  • coal-fired fuel gas heating is the main culprit for the formation of smog and modern environmental pollution.
  • to increase the installed capacity of the power grid on a large scale requires the construction of a large number of power plants and huge investment.
  • the current power plants are mainly coal-fired and gas-fired power generation. The waste of non-renewable resources and the more serious environmental pollution caused are obvious to all.
  • the air-conditioning load is the main culprit for the peak load of the power grid repeatedly breaking the record in summer.
  • the use of coal-fired gas for heating and idle cooling equipment in winter directly leads to the imbalance of electricity load in summer and winter, wasting a lot of installed capacity resources and Investment in power plants.
  • the existing power supply standards of the heating and cooling series products on the market are: in order to apply the power supply standards of different regions, all or most of the control board components and control components need to be replaced. Products sold in different power supply standard regions have strict power input requirements. (For example, 220V/50HZ in China, 120V/60HZ in the United States). This will increase production and procurement costs, thereby increasing user costs and wasting resources.
  • the optimal solution to solve these problems is the cloud-controlled intelligent combined cooling and heating design scheme provided by the present invention: air source heat pump heating and heating + ice storage/conventional refrigeration assisted intelligent cloud control intelligent integrated machine.
  • the present invention basically solves all the above problems systematically, and is the most preferred solution for low-temperature heating by integrating domestic hot water, air-conditioning, floor heating, and indoor air-conditioning.
  • the intelligent cloud control system of the present invention can provide different refined remote background parameter settings for different equipment installation places, and use the same model to meet the requirements of different regions.
  • the system of the invention adopts the OTA remote upgrade and supports the background remote modification of the key parameters of the equipment. And can monitor and manage the operating conditions of all online equipment in the world through the system background.
  • the main engine and indoor unit of the present invention are designed with a wide voltage of 80-240V, the cooling fan and the indoor axial flow fan motor are DC variable speed motors, and the other executive components are all low-voltage DC safe voltages. According to different power supply standards in the world, only need to configure corresponding For compressors with power requirements, there is no need to change other components and parts, and the production and procurement are unified with a more standardized design to reduce costs.
  • the control panel and components of the indoor unit are unified globally, and all components and control panels of the main engine except the compressor are unified and consistent.
  • the cloud control intelligent system of the present invention automatically grabs and calls the next 24-hour weather forecast maximum temperature data in the system set time period, and automatically adjusts ice making at night together with the high-precision digital liquid level detector according to the program design of the system. It ensures that there is the most energy-saving ice storage capacity (just enough) in the different highest temperature environments on the next day. Try to meet the needs of cold energy during the day, using the characteristics of ice-water phase transition to release a large amount of cold energy, so as to meet the needs of users without turning on the main engine, cut peaks and flat valleys, reduce grid capacity pressure, save energy from the source, and achieve Best energy efficiency ratio.
  • the system of the present invention is designed with digital liquid level detection, and an ice-water separation net is installed in the middle of the frozen water tank.
  • an ice-water separation net is installed in the middle of the frozen water tank.
  • the energy storage (cold storage, heat storage) design of the present invention can meet the requirements of air-conditioning refrigeration, low temperature and low temperature only by using small electric power equipment (only 1/2-1/3 of the electric capacity requirement of the equipment when the equipment is conventionally installed in the same area of use). Storage and 24-hour domestic hot water, floor heating in winter and other heating needs.
  • equipment hardware capacity the grid load is fundamentally reduced, the user's requirements for grid capacity are reduced, and at the same time, the cost of laying power lines for users is reduced.
  • the system of the invention adopts a fixed-frequency compressor, and the compressor can always run in a full-load state with the best working condition of energy efficiency ratio, and will not start and stop frequently.
  • the heating demand of the user can be completely free, and for the domestic life demand, the demand for heat energy in daily life is "zero" energy consumption.
  • the system design of the present invention adopts a casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank) as a series-connected first-stage condenser, although a little hardware cost is added, but the following functions are realized:
  • the casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank) assumes the role of the primary condenser under any working conditions, and the heat energy recovery energy efficiency ratio is the best.
  • the system is designed with a series of secondary auxiliary condensers, and a choke tube is added between the primary condenser (casing heat exchanger, heat exchange tank) and the secondary auxiliary condenser.
  • the condenser volume greatly reduces the condensing temperature and condensing pressure, and because of the design of the choke tube, the heating temperature of the casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank) is increased, and the subcooling degree of the refrigerant is greatly cooled by the secondary condenser. The efficiency of cooling and heating can be greatly improved.
  • the cooling plate evaporator that should be idle during heating is used as the secondary series condenser during heating, so that the heating exchange is more complete.
  • the subcooling degree of the refrigerant is also greatly reduced, and the energy efficiency ratio effect is more obvious; at the same time, through the heat exchange of the secondary condenser (pillow heat exchanger), low-temperature hot water is generated in the original frozen water tank, which is used as auxiliary heating and heating. Provides energy during thermal defrosting, maximizing the energy efficiency ratio.
  • the design of the present invention is an integrated design of the whole set of components of the chilled water tank, the hot water tank, the main engine, the condenser, the evaporator, and the control panel. There is no external compressor refrigerant copper pipe, and the compressor refrigerant is also completely controlled in the whole machine.
  • the integrated design saves production raw materials, and the installation is simple. There is no problem of polluting the environment due to refrigerant leakage caused by installation problems, and it also eliminates the increased risk of failure due to poor installation and chronic leakage and the possible subsequent customers need to pay for refrigerant.
  • the supporting equipment of the present invention is completely Internet of Things: using the WIFI network that is indispensable to modern people in the environment, it realizes complete wireless and remoteization, and uses a local area network between the host, indoor unit, floor heating controller and other equipment. With complete communication control, users can control and view the device running status through the APP wherever there is a network.
  • the equipment of the present invention is simple to install, environmentally friendly, and does not need to install any physical connection power cables and signal control lines between the indoor control unit and the outdoor host. Whether it is for the user's equipment installation investment budget or for the raw materials consumed by the installation, follow-up possible Line failure is the most environmentally friendly, economical and convenient option. When the equipment is installed, it is only necessary to supply power to the individual components.
  • the present invention optimizes the system for any failure caused by non-installation problems, and provides remote background system update, system inspection, detection and authorization settings.
  • the invention also provides low-temperature pipeline protection.
  • the ambient temperature is lower than 2 degrees, if the user does not choose to use the refrigerated water tank (low-temperature hot water in winter) for auxiliary heating, the air-conditioning circulating water pump that has been configured on the floor will be pumped every 4 Hourly cycle for 3 minutes to ensure that the air conditioning water pipes are not damaged by freezing.
  • the external cold and heat transmission medium of the device of the present invention is all ordinary clean (purified) domestic water, which is completely free of environmental pollution.
  • the invention is a large-capacity cold and heat energy storage device with single, fixed frequency and low electric capacity power.
  • the equipment cost investment is low, and under the same area of use, the power grid capacity is also small.
  • the equipment is fully functional and easy to maintain.
  • One machine can solve all the heating and cooling energy needs of households below three floors.
  • the design of the present invention places the secondary condenser (cooling) and the evaporator (heating) (same equipment hardware, different names under different working conditions) at the highest position of the equipment, and blows the cooling air vertically upward, which avoids low-level installation.
  • the evaporator is easily polluted, which leads to the problem that the heat dissipation efficiency is gradually reduced and the service life is shortened.
  • the system setting of the present invention ensures that the temperature of the hot water meets the needs of the user at any time when the machine is not shut down artificially.
  • the cold and hot temperature protection of the product of the present invention adopts 40mm overall foaming, and the heat preservation effect is good.
  • Refrigeration program APP manual command: Refrigerate or turn on any indoor unit. .
  • Refrigerant circulation path 1/compressor--2/casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank)--14/choke tube--5/three-way valve--6/auxiliary condenser--7/electronic expansion Valve (Refrigeration Program) -- 8/9/10 Plate Evaporator (Pillow Heat Exchanger) -- 11/12/13/Three-Way Valve -- Back to Compressor
  • Ice storage program APP manual command: refrigeration, the ambient temperature is higher than 15 degrees at the beginning of the set time period (user/background adjustable); the machine is powered on (standby or power-on state), and it will automatically start according to the requirements of the intelligent control system and stop.
  • Refrigerant circulation path 1/compressor--2/casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank)--14/choke tube--5/three-way valve--6/auxiliary condenser--7/electronic expansion Valve (Ice Program) -- 8/9/10 Plate Evaporator (Pillow Heat Exchanger) -- 11/12/13/Three-Way Valve -- Back to Compressor
  • Hot gas bypass de-icing program After the system runs the ice making program and starts normally for 15 minutes (adjustable in the background), the 11/three-way valve is energized and works for 100 seconds (adjustable in the background). Afterwards, the hot gas from the compressor outlet passes through the 4/three-way valve-11/three-way valve (heat)-8/plate condenser (pillow heat exchanger) to melt the ice.
  • the 12/three-way valve is energized for 100 seconds (adjustable in the background), and the hot gas from the compressor outlet after decompression by the 3/pressure regulating valve passes through the 4/three-way valve—12/three-way valve (heat)—9/plate type Condenser (pillow heat exchanger) hot gas melts ice.
  • the 13/three-way valve is energized and works for 100 seconds (adjustable in the background), and the hot gas from the compressor outlet after decompression by the 3/pressure regulating valve passes through the 4/three-way valve—13/three-way valve (heat)—10/plate type Condenser (pillow heat exchanger) hot gas melts ice.
  • Complete a cycle of thawing After the third ice melting is completed, it will run for another 15 minutes (adjustable in the background), and the ice melting program will be executed cyclically.
  • Intelligent ice-making control system The equipment is preset at the factory, or the customer can set the ice-making time period according to their own experience (the setting range is within the night time period, and it is not allowed to set to the daytime).
  • the amount of ice production is subject to the highest temperature forecast in the next 24 hours (the reference value is 15°C), and is automatically adjusted in combination with the digital liquid level controller.
  • the non-ice-making time period naturally becomes the cooling water time period.
  • the system background converts the digital liquid level into ice storage capacity through an algorithm, that is, the liquid level of 0% means that the water above the safe liquid level in the frozen water tank is all converted into ice storage capacity.
  • ice (100% ice) 100% level means no or little ice (0% ice) in the chilled water tank.
  • the above table becomes the following interface (for users, it is more intuitive and clear)
  • the list parameters can be adjusted according to the actual usage and reset to the system default data with one key.
  • Air source heating program At any ambient temperature, the APP can manually start the heating program. After the machine is authorized to start normally for the first time (regardless of whether the user chooses heating or cooling), the heating program will automatically perform heating according to the required temperature set by the hot water tank according to the following procedures under any circumstances other than manual shutdown.
  • the DC motor of the cooling fan is intelligently variable speed according to the design.
  • the ambient temperature is lower than or equal to 15°C (adjustable by the user), even if the manual command is cooling, the system will automatically convert to the heating program
  • Refrigerant circulation path 1/compressor-2/casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank)-14/choke tube--4/three-way valve (heat)-11/12/13/three-way valve (heat )--8/9/10/plate condenser (pillow heat exchanger)--7/electronic expansion valve--6/auxiliary condenser (heating evaporator)-5/three-way valve (heat)-return To the compressor 4/5/11/12/13/three-way valve are energized to work.
  • the ambient temperature is between -13 ⁇ 6°C (the background can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the equipment installation), 6/The temperature of the rear end pipe of the auxiliary condenser (heating evaporator) is lower than the ambient temperature 10 degrees (adjustable in the background), all three-way valves are powered off, and the refrigeration program defrost is performed.
  • the temperature of the back end pipe of the 6/auxiliary condenser (heating evaporator) reaches 6-10 °C (intelligent control according to the defrosting time)
  • the defrost program is automatically exited, the heating program is resumed. This action is periodic after the condition is met.
  • the casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank) still produces heat for heat exchange, which has less influence on the heating efficiency of the casing heat exchanger (heat exchange tank).
  • the pillow-shaped heat exchanger is used as an evaporator at this time, and the low-temperature hot water in the chilled water tank is used to provide the defrosting energy demand.
  • the defrosting program When the ambient temperature is not within this setting range: between -13 ⁇ 6°C (the background can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the equipment installation), the defrosting program will not be started.
  • the host controls the water supply pipe at a constant temperature of 12 degrees to supply water (adjustable), and uses an electric temperature-controlled automatic water mixing valve;
  • the fan speed of the cooling indoor unit is adjusted by the temperature control system that comes with the main board of the indoor unit to achieve the fan speed and temperature effect (H/L/AUTO) required by the customer.
  • the cold water circulating water pump motor for air-conditioning is realized by the control board of the Internet of Things control card that comes with the indoor unit, that is, if any indoor unit is turned on, the cold water circulating water pump motor on the corresponding floor will work all the time until all the indoor air conditioners on the floor stop. It will stop, and up to 6 indoor units can be installed on the same floor. The installer will help the user to set the floor cold water circulating pump motor corresponding to different indoor units in the APP.
  • the water outlet pipe When using floor heating, the water outlet pipe is kept at a constant temperature of 45°C for water supply (adjustable) during normal work, and an electric temperature-controlled automatic water mixing valve is used; the water source is high-temperature water from the hot water tank and floor heating return water.
  • the floor heating circulating water pump motor in the host is realized by the indoor floor heating controller controlling the host. Similarly, it is necessary to set the floor heating circulating pump motor corresponding to the floor heating controller of different rooms in the APP. If there is an indoor air conditioner (heater for auxiliary heating) or floor heating (heating system) on any floor, the circulating cold and hot water pumps on the corresponding floor will start until all the corresponding floors are shut down. For auxiliary heating, when the temperature of the original chilled water tank is lower than 28°C, the circulating water pump on the corresponding floor cannot be started to heat the room.
  • the APP can automatically discover all the devices supported by the APP under the same router's local area network, without the need for the customer to add one by one.
  • Customers can choose which floor group and type (cooling or floor heating) the equipment is on (you can simply add one by powering on one) and you can set up to 6 indoor IoT temperature controllers under different working conditions on the same floor.
  • the air-conditioning indoor unit IoT card, indoor floor heating controller and outdoor host can be completely controlled by communication under the same router (including expansion), and communication control is not allowed under different routers.
  • Users can set up to 6 stages of forced automatic circulation start time of domestic hot water on the APP according to their own living habits, or manually start the forced circulating water pump, and the working time of the forced circulating water pump can be adjusted in seconds (customer APP adjustment and setting), the cycle will automatically stop when the working time is up.
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing of the abstract of the specification (refrigerant control flow chart).
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of the intelligent control system

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Abstract

一种利用云控制智能系统抓取设备安装地天气预报最高温度数据、基于时间控制和数字液位控制的云控制智能节能冷暖热系统，使设备在不同环境温度、不同时间运行不同工况，始终以最大能效比和最低电网占用量智能运行。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　用天气预报、时间、温度和液位控制的冰蓄冷冷暖热空调系统 技术领域
本发明集智能云控制和空气源热泵系统于一体。准确地说，是集物联网智能数据抓取、时间程序控制、不同工位温度和环境温度、基于液位检测精确计算储冰量控制于一体的、利用冰水相变释放冷能的冰蓄冷和制冷工况时热回收利用于一体的空气源热泵系统。属智能控制的暖通空调和热泵领域。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高，人们对住居生活条件的要求越来越高：高温时空调制冷、低温时供暖、任何时候的生活热水已经是现代人们工作和生活中不可或缺的刚性需求。
据统计、现在的生活供暖生活热水(使用煤气、燃油或电)和夏天降温(用电)的要求，家用商用冷暖设备装机容量已经占到总电网容量的20％以上，占居家建筑物能源消耗量的75％以上。2019年、全球空调用电量占总用电量的比例在12％左右，中国空调整体用电量(民用和商用)占全球总量的34％左右(以上为每年的公开的公共数据)。
冷暖设备越装越多、对电网的初装电容量要求也是越来越高，供电线路也是越来越粗，对社会整体的总发电容量要求也是越来越高。
中国目前主流的技术还是采用燃煤燃气供暖+燃气(电)供热+空调供冷；欧美则多以燃气燃油供暖供热、电空调供冷。不管是采用哪种方式，全部都是采用供暖供冷两套甚至是三套系统，双(多)重投资，传统的供冷供暖方式能耗都高，综合能效比低。
众所周知、燃煤燃油燃气供暖是雾霾形成和现代环境污染的罪魁祸首，同时，大规模提高电网装机容量，需要建设大量发电厂，投资巨大。而现在的发电厂也主要是 燃煤燃气发电为主，对不可再生资源的浪费和导致的更严重的环境污染，都是有目共睹的。
空调负荷则是夏季电网尖峰负荷屡次突破记录的主要罪魁祸首，冬季使用燃煤燃气取暖、制冷设备被闲置则直接导致了用电负荷在夏季和冬季的不平衡、浪费了大量的装机容量资源和发电厂投资。
现在市场上的已有的冷暖热三联供系统，虽然也采用了空气源供热(储热)，但是，因为没有采用制冷制热的能量充分利用措施，也没有蓄冷能系统，设备装机容量并不会有多少降低，其实际功能还是相当于分开的系统。有制冷需求时，要实时开启制冷系统，同时，制冷产生的热能并没有被充分回收利用。同时，这种配置并不能达到降低设备装机容量，削峰平谷和充分利用夜晚环境低温空气能的目的。这也是现在市场上的冷暖热三联供系统没有被市场尽快接受的根本原因。
市场上现有的冷暖热系列产品的电源标准是：为了适用不同地区的电源标准要更换全部或绝大部分控制板元器件和控制零部件，不同电源标准地区销售的产品有严格的电源输入要求(比如中国220V/50HZ，美国120V/60HZ)。这样会增加生产和采购成本，从而增加用户成本和浪费资源。
现有的空调空气源热泵系统的控制和参数一旦成型，不能通过远程修改参数来适应设备安装地的环境温度，只能是不同地区生产和使用不同的机型(比如在我国的南方和北方地区销售的产品就分不同的型号)。浪费企业生产和管理成本、间接增加用户负担。
解决这些问题的最优化的解决方案就是本发明提供的云控制智能冷暖联供设计方案：空气源热泵供暖供热+冰蓄冷/常规制冷辅助的智能云控制智能一体机。本发明基本上系统地解决了以上所有问题，是集生活热水、冷气空调和地暖、室内空调低温供热 的最优选方案。
发明内容：
天气预报、时间、温度和数字液位智能云控制：
本发明的智能云控制系统可以针对不同的设备安装地提供不同的精细化的远程后台参数设置，用同一机型来适应不同的地区要求。
本发明的系统采用OTA远程升级并支持后台远程修改设备关键参数。并可以通过系统后台监控和管理全球所有在线设备的运行工况。
本发明的主机和室内机均采用80-240V宽电压设计，散热风机和室内轴流风机电机均采用直流变速电机，其他执行部件均采用低压直流安全电压，针对全球不同电源标准，只需要配置对应电源要求的压缩机，无须变更其它元器件和零部件，以更标准化的设计统一生产和采购，降低成本。室内机组全球统一控制板和零部件，主机除压缩机以外，所有零部件和控制板全部统一一致。
本发明的云控制智能系统在系统设定时间段自动抓取并调用设备安装地未来24小时天气预报最高气温数据，根据系统的程序设计，与高精度数字液位检测仪一起自动调整夜晚制冰量，保证在第二天的不同最高温度环境下，有最节约能源的储冰量(够用就好)。尽量满足在白天需要冷能量的时候，利用冰水相变大量释放冷能的特点，做到不开主机就可以满足用户需求的目的，削峰平谷，降低电网容量压力，从源头节约能量、达到最佳能效比。
本发明的系统设计了数字液位检测，在冷冻水箱中间加装冰水分隔网。利用冷冻水箱里面的水在由液体变成块状固态块状冰并以固态存储在冰水分隔网上会降低水位的特点，智能检测液位、计算并调整储冰量。同时，云控制智能系统能保证在白天气温超高或其他异常情况下、需要超量冷能的时候，以冰储能为主，同时及时启动主机制 冷程序制冷作为辅助，从而满足用户的需求。
本发明的储能(储冷、储热)设计，仅使用较小电功率设备(仅为同等使用面积常规安装时的设备电容量要求的1/2—1/3)就可以满足空调制冷、低温储藏和24小时生活热水、冬季地暖等供热需求。在设备硬件容量上，从根本上降低电网负荷，减少用户对电网容量的要求，同时、减少用户铺设电源线路的成本。
本发明的系统采用定频压缩机，压缩机能始终以能效比工况最好的满负荷状态运行，也不会频繁开停机。
本发明的系统只要是在有制冷需求的情况下，用户的供热需求就可以做到完全免费，对居家生活需求而言，其日常生活中对热能的需求就是“零”能耗。
本发明的系统设计采用了套管换热器(换热罐)作为串联一级冷凝器，虽然增加了一点点硬件成本，但实现了以下功能：
1)、套管换热器(换热罐)在任何工况下都承担一级冷凝器的作用，热能量回收能效比最好。
2)、系统设计了串联二级辅助冷凝器、在一级冷凝器(套管换热器、换热罐)和二级辅助冷凝器之间增加一根扼流管设计、既能因为增大冷凝器容积而大大降低冷凝温度和冷凝压力，又因为扼流管的设计，增加了套管换热器(换热罐)的制热温度，冷媒过冷度经二级冷凝器的冷却也大大降低、制冷制热的效率都得以大大提高。
3)、制热程序时，通过系统控制，把本应该在制热时闲置的制冷板式蒸发器(枕形换热器)利用作为制热时的二级串联冷凝器，使得制热交换更完全、冷媒过冷度也大大降低、能效比效果更明显；同时，通过二级冷凝器(枕形换热器)的热交换，在原冷冻水箱内产生低温热水，用来作为辅助取暖和为制热化霜时提供能量，最大限度提高能效比。
本发明的设计为冷冻水箱、热水箱，主机，冷凝器，蒸发器，控制板的全套组 件一体化设计，无外接压缩机冷媒铜管，压缩机冷媒也完全控制在整机内。一体化设计节约生产原材料，安装简单。不存在因为安装问题导致制冷剂泄漏而污染环境的问题，也杜绝了因为安装不良的慢性泄漏而增加的故障风险和可能的后续客户需要付费添加制冷剂的顾虑。
本发明的配套设备完全物联网化：利用环境中本来就对现代人而已是不可或缺的WIFI网络，实现完全的无线化和远程化，主机、室内机、地暖控制器等设备之间利用局域网完全通讯控制，用户则可以在任何有网络的地方通过APP就可以控制和查看设备运行状况。
本发明的设备安装简单，环保，无须安装室内控制单元与室外主机之间的任何实物连接电源电缆和信号控制线，无论是对用户的设备安装投资预算还是对安装所消耗的原材料，后续可能的线路故障、都是最环保、最经济和最方便的选择。设备安装时仅需对各独立组件提供电源即可。
本发明对任何非安装问题导致的故障，系统优化、均提供远程后台系统更新、系统检查、检测和授权设置。
本发明同时提供了低温管路保护，在环境温度低于2度时，如果用户不选择使用冷冻水箱(冬季是低温热水)做辅助供暖，则已经配置了楼层的空调循环水泵将每隔4小时循环3分钟，保证空调水管管路不结冰损坏。
本发明的设备对外的冷热传输介质全部为普通洁净(经过纯净处理过)的生活用水，完全无环境污染。
本发明为单一、定频、低电容量功率的大容量冷热能量储存设备。设备成本投资少，同等使用面积下，占用电网电容量也很小。设备功能齐全，维护简单。一台机就可以解决三层楼以下家庭的所有冷热能量需求。
本发明设计将二级冷凝器(制冷)和蒸发器(制热)(同一设备硬件，不同工况时的不同称呼)置于设备最高位置，并且将散热风垂直向上吹，既避免了低位安装导致蒸发器容易被污染进而导致散热效率慢慢降低和缩短使用寿命的问题，同时、散热风机风向向上，更是充分利用了任何方向的自然风，散热效率更高。
本发明的系统设置，非人为关机的任何时候都保证热水温度符合用户需求。
本发明的产品冷热温度保护均采用40mm整体发泡、保温效果好。
具体实施方式：
制冷程序：APP人工指令：制冷或任意一台室内机开机。。
条件：时间段06：00-22：00(用户/后台可调)、环境温度15℃(用户/后台可调)以上、同时冷冻水箱水位满足智能系统设计开机条件，则开机：启动电子膨胀阀制冷模式程序、压缩机工作、板式蒸发器(枕形换热器)循环水泵工作、套管换热器(换热罐)循环水泵工作，辅助冷凝器散热风机直流电机根据设计智能变速降温。不满足条件，则利用冷冻水箱冰蓄能即可，无须启动压缩机工作。制冷工况压缩机停机、热水箱温度低于设定要求，则自动启动制热程序。
制冷剂循环途径：1/压缩机--2/套管换热器(换热罐)--14/扼流管--5/三通阀--6/辅助冷凝器--7/电子膨胀阀(制冷程序)--8/9/10板式蒸发器(枕形换热器)—11/12/13/三通阀--回到压缩机
所有三通阀均不通电工作。
冰蓄冷程序：APP人工指令：制冷、环境温度在设定时间段开始时段高于15度(用户/后台可调)；机器通电(待机或开机状态均可)、则自动按照智能控制系统要求启动和停止。
条件：时间段22：00-06：00(用户/后台可调)、环境温度15℃(用户/后台可 调)以上、冷冻水箱水位满足智能系统设计开机条件，则开机：启动电子膨胀阀制冰模式程序、压缩机工作、板式蒸发器(枕形换热器)循环水泵工作、套管换热器(换热罐)循环水泵工作，辅助冷凝器散热风机直流电机根据设计智能变速降温，同时按程序设定启动热气旁路脱冰程序。不满足条件，则利用冷冻水箱冰蓄能即可，无须启动压缩机制冷，停机。制冰工况压缩机停机、热水箱温度低于设定要求，则自动启动制热程序。
制冷剂循环途径：1/压缩机--2/套管换热器(换热罐)--14/扼流管--5/三通阀--6/辅助冷凝器--7/电子膨胀阀(制冰程序)--8/9/10板式蒸发器(枕形换热器)—11/12/13/三通阀--回到压缩机
所有三通阀均不通电工作。
热气旁路脱冰程序：系统运行制冰程序、正常开机15分钟(后台可调)后，11/三通阀通电工作100秒(后台可调)，此时，经过3/调压阀减压以后的压缩机出口热气经4/三通阀—11/三通阀(热)—8/板式冷凝器(枕形换热器)热气融冰。然后、12/三通阀通电工作100秒(后台可调)，经过3/调压阀减压以后的压缩机出口热气经4/三通阀—12/三通阀(热)—9/板式冷凝器(枕形换热器)热气融冰。最后、13/三通阀通电工作100秒(后台可调)，经过3/调压阀减压以后的压缩机出口热气经4/三通阀—13/三通阀(热)—10/板式冷凝器(枕形换热器)热气融冰。完成一个周期的融冰。第三融冰结束后，再经过15分钟(后台可调)运行，循环执行此融冰程序。
制冰量智能控制系统：设备出厂预设好、或客户根据自身使用经验设置制冰时间段(设置范围在夜晚时间段以内、不允许设置到白天)。制冰量以未来24小时天气预报最高气温为准(基准值为15℃)、结合数字液位控制器自动调整。非制冰时间段自然成为制冷水时间段。
Figure PCTCN2021114948-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021114948-appb-000002
换一种表达方式的制冰量智能控制系统：系统后台把数字液位通过算法转化成储冰量，即：0％的液位表示冷冻水箱里面的在安全液位以上的水全部转化成了的冰(100％的冰)，100％的液位则表示冷冻水箱里面没有或很少冰(0％的冰)。这样，以上表格就变成了以下界面(对用户而言，更直观明了)
Figure PCTCN2021114948-appb-000003
列表参数可以根据实际使用情况自行调整和一键复位到系统默认数据。
空气源制热程序：任何环境温度下，都可以APP人工开启制热程序。机器第一次授权正常启动后(无论是用户选择的是制热还是制冷)，制热程序都将在除人工关机 以外的任何情况下自动按以下程序按热水箱设置的要求温度执行制热程序：启动电子膨胀阀制热模式程序、压缩机工作、板式蒸发器(枕形换热器)循环水泵工作、套管换热器(换热罐)循环水泵工作，辅助冷凝器(制热蒸发器)散热风机直流电机根据设计智能变速。
1..APP人工制热或地暖控制器开机，启动制热程序。
2..环境温度15℃以上(用户可调)，冷冻水箱水位低于程序设计水位、系统都将自动转换成制热程序
3..环境温度低于或等于15℃(用户可调)、即使人工指令是制冷，系统也将自动转换成制热程序
制冷剂循环途径：1/压缩机-2/套管换热器(换热罐)-14/扼流管--4/三通阀(热)-11/12/13/三通阀(热)--8/9/10/板式冷凝器(枕形换热器)--7/电子膨胀阀--6/辅助冷凝器(制热蒸发器)-5/三通阀(热)-回到压缩机4/5/11/12/13/三通阀均通电工作。
智能化霜：制热程序下、环境温度在-13∽6℃之间(后台根据设备安装地实际情况可调)，6/辅助冷凝器(制热蒸发器)后端管温度低于环境温度10度(后台可调)，全部三通阀断电，执行制冷程序化霜，当6/辅助冷凝器(制热蒸发器)后端管温度达到6-10℃(根据化霜时间智能控制)时自动退出化霜程序，恢复制热程序。此动作为满足条件后是周期性的。化霜过程中，套管换热器(换热罐)仍然制热进行热交换，对套管换热器(换热罐)制热效率影响较少。枕形换热器此时作为蒸发器使用，用冷冻水箱里面的低温热水提供化霜能量需求。
环境温度不在此设置范围内：-13∽6℃之间(后台根据设备安装地实际情况可调)时，不启动化霜程序。
室内系统的实施：冷气、暖气(地暖)空调系统：
使用冷气时正常工作时主机控制出水管恒温12度供水(可调)、使用电动温控自动混水阀；水源为冷冻水箱0度冷冻水和空调管路回水。制冷室内机风速由室内机主板自带的温度控制系统调节，实现客户需求的风速和温度效果(H/L/AUTO)。
冷气用冷水循环水泵电机由室内机自带的物联网控制卡控制主板实现，即：打开任何一台室内机，则对应楼层的冷水循环水泵电机就一直工作，直到该楼层所有室内空调分机停止才会停止、同一楼层可以最多设置6台室内机。安装人员帮用户自行在APP里面设置不同室内机对应的楼层冷水循环水泵电机。
使用地暖时正常工作时出水管恒温45℃供水(可调)、使用电动温控自动混水阀；水源为热水箱高温水和地暖回水。主机内的地暖循环水水泵电机由室内地暖控制器控制主机实现。同样，需要在APP里面设置不同房间地暖控制器对应的楼层地暖循环水泵电机。任一楼层有室内冷气机(辅助制热时是暖气机)或地暖(暖气系统)开启，对应楼层循环冷热水泵启动直至对应楼层全部停机时才停。辅助制暖在原冷冻水箱温度低于28℃时不可以启动对应楼层循环水泵向室内供暖。
其它：
循环水泵全部采用直流24V安全电压，安全可靠。
客户物联网账户添加主机后，APP能自动发现同一路由器局域网下的所有本APP支持的设备、无须客户单独逐一添加。客户自行选择设备在哪一个楼层组别和种类(制冷或地暖)(可以简单的通电一台添加一台)同一楼层不同工况下可以分别最多设置6台室内物联网温度控制器。
冷气室内机物联网卡和室内地暖控制器和室外主机在同一路由器(含扩展)下可以完全通讯控制、不同路由器下，不允许通讯控制。
用户可以在APP上根据自己的生活习惯要求、可设置最多6段生活热水强制自 动循环开始时间，也可以手动启动强制循环水泵、强制循环水泵工作时间以秒为单位可调(客户APP调整和设置)，工作时间到就自动停止循环。
附图说明：图1是说明书摘要附图(冷媒控制流程图)。图2是智能控制系统程序框图

Claims (9)

  1. 利用天气预报、时间、温度和液位控制的冰蓄冷空调和空气源热泵一体化智能云控制节能冷暖热系统。
  2. 其特征在于：利用云控制系统自动抓取设备安装地第二天的天气预报最高温度数据，以时间控制为条件、配合设备内部设置的高精度数字液位(计算储冰量)，在自主研发的配套程序系统的配合下，利用夜晚谷期用电、削峰平谷，并在夜晚环境低温生产足够第二天制冷需求的储冰量，并智能控制系统在制冷、制冰和制热三种不同的工况下始终以最节能的工况运行。
  3. 系统包括：用户APP使用程序，针对所有设备的后台控制和管理系统，设备端云控制智能控制软硬件系统。全新设计的物联网控制和针对设备安装地环境可以进行远程后台参数优化调整模式，针对不同设备安装地区提供个性化的不同的参数远程配置并通过OTA升级实现模式。
  4. 系统包括：枕形换热器制冷水、枕形换热器制冰和空气源制热硬件系统。
  5. 系统包括：扼流管和二级冷凝器组合设计，任何工况下的热能回收系统。
  6. 系统包括：基于温度控制的空气源制热智能化霜系统，空气源制热时的化霜，受环境温度控制，当环境温度在-13∽6℃之间时(根据设备安装地实际环境后台可调)，才启动基于温度控制的智能化霜程序，其它环境温度条件下，不启动智能化霜程序，减少周期性化霜的能源浪费，最大程度节约能源，提高能效比。
  7. 系统包括：所有设备只需要提供电源和连接WiFi局域网，无须安装任何实物信号和数据连接线，降低安装成本并最大限度减少设备故障发生率。
  8. 系统包括：主机和室内机均采用80-240V宽电压设计，针对全球不同电源标准，只需要配置对应电源要求的压缩机，无须变更其它元器件和零部件，以更标准化的设计统 一采购和生产，降低成本。
  9. 系统包括：对外的冷热传输介质全部为普通洁净的生活用水，完全无环境污。系统集成客户主动设置和手动控制生活热水循环开始时间，做到热水即开即有，节约水资源。
PCT/CN2021/114948 2020-09-09 2021-08-27 用天气预报、时间、温度和液位控制的冰蓄冷冷暖热空调系统 Ceased WO2022083283A1 (zh)

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CA3196048A CA3196048A1 (en) 2020-09-09 2021-08-27 Ice storage cooling/room-heating/heating air conditioning system controlled by weather forecast, time, temperature, and liquid level
EP21881702.1A EP4215828A4 (en) 2020-09-09 2021-08-27 WEATHER FORECAST, TIME, TEMPERATURE AND LIQUID LEVEL CONTROLLED AIR CONDITIONING/ROOM HEATING/ICE STORAGE COOLING SYSTEM
US18/302,118 US20240328649A1 (en) 2020-09-09 2023-04-18 Ice storage cooling/room-heating/heating air conditioning system controlled by weather forecast, time, temperature, and liquid level

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