WO2022100589A1 - 一种电池包装膜，电池包装膜的制备方法及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种电池包装膜，电池包装膜的制备方法及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022100589A1
WO2022100589A1 PCT/CN2021/129653 CN2021129653W WO2022100589A1 WO 2022100589 A1 WO2022100589 A1 WO 2022100589A1 CN 2021129653 W CN2021129653 W CN 2021129653W WO 2022100589 A1 WO2022100589 A1 WO 2022100589A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
packaging film
battery packaging
metal layer
battery
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2021/129653
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李枝贤
徐凡
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to US18/252,713 priority Critical patent/US20240063478A1/en
Priority to EP21891109.7A priority patent/EP4228062A4/en
Publication of WO2022100589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022100589A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/027—Thermal properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/128—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/088—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
    • B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
    • B32B2307/7376—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/10—Batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery packaging film, a method for preparing the battery packaging film, and an electronic device.
  • lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electronic products such as notebooks, tablets and mobile phones due to their high energy density, long cycle life and low self-discharge rate.
  • the lithium-ion battery packaging film in the market is made of aluminum-plastic film, but the strength of the aluminum-plastic film is low.
  • the aluminum-plastic film is destroyed first, and it cannot form the protection of the bare cell. Therefore, the pole pieces of the bare cell also begin to be damaged, resulting in unsafe events such as short circuit and heat generation due to direct contact between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.
  • one way is to improve the strength of the battery packaging film by increasing the thickness of the aluminum layer in the aluminum-plastic film, but this method will result in a thicker aluminum-plastic film, which is not conducive to improving the energy density of lithium-ion batteries.
  • Another way is to replace the aluminum plastic film with a steel plastic film, that is, replace the aluminum layer with a stainless steel layer, but the steel plastic film is too hard.
  • it is difficult to encapsulate the steel-plastic film, which leads to very low production efficiency and yield, and is difficult to commercialize. Therefore, how to produce a high-safety battery packaging film will be an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the present application provides a battery packaging film, a method for preparing the battery packaging film, and an electronic device, so as to improve the safety of the electronic device.
  • the present application provides a battery packaging film, the battery packaging film comprising a metal layer, a first adhesion enhancement layer, a first adhesion layer, a second adhesion layer, a first protective layer and a second protection layer layer; wherein, the first adhesion enhancement layer is located on the first surface of the metal layer; the first adhesion layer is located on the surface of the first adhesion enhancement layer away from the metal layer; the first protective layer is located on the surface of the first adhesive layer away from the metal layer; the second adhesive layer is located between the metal layer and the second protective layer; the second protective layer on the surface of the second adhesive layer remote from the metal layer.
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer is added on the upper surface of the metal layer, the roughness of the upper surface of the metal layer is increased, thereby improving the adhesion between the first protective layer and the metal layer strength. Because the first protective layer is firmly adhered to the metal layer, the difficulty of peeling the first protective layer from the metal layer is increased, thereby improving the safety of the battery packaging film.
  • the battery packaging film further includes a second adhesion enhancement layer; the second adhesion enhancement layer is located on the second surface of the metal layer; wherein the first adhesion enhancement layer is A surface is opposite to the second surface; the second adhesive layer is located between the metal layer and the second protective layer, specifically: the second adhesive layer is located in the second adhesive layer the surface of the force-enhancing layer remote from the metal layer.
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer and the second adhesion enhancement layer are added on the upper and lower surfaces of the metal layer, so that the roughness of the upper and lower surfaces of the metal layer can be increased, thereby improving the first adhesion enhancement layer.
  • the bonding strength of a protective layer and the second protective layer and the metal layer Since the first protective layer and the second protective layer are firmly bonded to the metal layer, the difficulty of peeling the first protective layer and the second protective layer from the metal layer is increased, thereby The safety of the battery packaging film is improved.
  • the first adhesion-enhancing layer or the second adhesion-enhancing layer includes nano-ceramics or nano-thermally conductive non-ceramics.
  • the nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer has good thermal conductivity, it can also dissipate the heat inside the battery in time while improving the strength of the battery packaging film and the surface roughness of the metal layer, so as to avoid the occurrence of heat inside the battery.
  • the phenomenon of heat accumulation further enhances the safety of the battery packaging film.
  • the proportion of ceramics in the nano-ceramics is 1-60%, or the proportion of non-ceramics in the thermally conductive nano-ceramics is 1-60%.
  • the nano-ceramic is a mixture of one or more of the following inorganic substances whose nano-ceramic is 0.1-100 nm: silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), boehmite (AlOOH) , aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), silicon carbide (SiC).
  • the nanometer thermally conductive non-ceramic is graphene or carbon nanotubes.
  • the thickness of the first adhesion enhancing layer or the second adhesion enhancing layer is 1-20 um.
  • the metal layer is a metal or alloy whose strength is higher than that of aluminum.
  • the metal layer is a metal layer containing copper foil, zinc, platinum, iron, nickel, titanium, cobalt, manganese or vanadium; or, the metal layer is a metal layer containing copper foil, An alloy layer of one or more metals of zinc, platinum, iron, nickel, titanium, cobalt, manganese or vanadium.
  • the alloy layer is an aluminum-copper alloy or a zinc-manganese alloy.
  • the melting point of the first protective layer is higher than the melting point of the second protective layer.
  • the thickness of the first protective layer is 10-30 um.
  • the thickness of the second protective layer is 20-80 um.
  • the thickness of the metal layer is 25-60 um.
  • the battery includes a bare cell and the battery packaging film described in the first aspect or any one of its embodiments, the battery packaging film wraps the bare battery
  • the first protective layer is located on the side away from the bare cell; the second protective layer is located on the side close to the bare cell.
  • the battery is a lithium-ion battery.
  • the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a display screen, a circuit board, a casing, and the battery described in the second aspect or any one of its embodiments; the battery and the battery
  • the display screens are respectively located on both sides of the circuit board, and are accommodated in a closed space formed by the casing.
  • the present application further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes the battery described in the second aspect or any one of its embodiments.
  • the present application also provides a method for preparing a battery packaging film, including: uniformly mixing ceramic powder and latex to prepare a first nano-ceramic mixture; coating the first nano-ceramic mixture on the upper and lower surfaces of the copper foil; Dry the coated copper foil, and then roll it to form the first nano-ceramic layer and the second nano-ceramic layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the copper foil; The surfaces of the first nano-ceramic layer and the second nano-ceramic layer form the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer; the first protective layer is bonded to the first bonding layer, The second protective layer is bonded to the second adhesive layer.
  • the nano-ceramic powder is a mixture of one or more of the following inorganic substances: silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), boehmite (AlOOH), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), silicon carbide (SiC).
  • the latex emulsions are respectively a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution, a styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) solution, a carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution, and a polyacrylic acid (PAA) solution. , a mixture of one or more of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solutions.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • SBR styrene butadiene rubber
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • PAA polyacrylic acid
  • PAN polyacrylonitrile
  • the binder is phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyvinyl acetate, methyl cyanoacrylate, ethyl cyanoacrylate, polyvinyl acetal, ethylene-acetic acid A mixture of one or more of ethylene copolymer resin, rubber-type adhesive neoprene, nitrile rubber, and polysulfide rubber.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of a Li battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view along the O-O direction of the Li battery provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9A is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • 9B is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a preparation process of a battery packaging film provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • directional terms such as “upper” and “lower” may include, but are not limited to, definitions relative to the schematic placement of components in the drawings, and it should be understood that these directional terms may be relative Concepts, which are used for the description and clarification of the orientations relative to the schematic placement of components, which may vary accordingly with changes in the orientations of the placement of the components in the figures.
  • Separator It can refer to the medium used to separate the positive and negative electrodes of the cell and prevent the positive and negative electrodes from directly contacting and short-circuiting.
  • the essential properties of separators are their porosity (which provides channels for ion transport) and insulation (which prevents electrical leakage).
  • the membrane may include a membrane substrate and a membrane coating.
  • Base separator It can refer to the polyolefin microporous membrane part in the separator.
  • the separator substrate can be used alone in the cell.
  • the separator substrate can provide the aforementioned porosity and the aforementioned insulating properties.
  • Separator coating layer can refer to a thin layer attached to a separator substrate.
  • the membrane coating can be attached to the membrane substrate by coating.
  • the separator coating can be used to enhance the performance of the separator, such as improving the heat resistance, adhesion, etc. of the separator.
  • the core or cell can refer to the part of the battery that has the function of storing electricity.
  • the cell may include a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator.
  • Heat abuse It can refer to the abuse of the battery cell in terms of heat (or high temperature). Cells can be tested for thermal abuse using a hot box (such as using high temperature ( ⁇ 130°C) to bake cells).
  • Mechanical abuse It can refer to the mechanical abuse of batteries. Cells can be tested for mechanical abuse using needle stick tests, bump tests, etc.
  • Puncture strength It can refer to the use of a spherical steel needle with a diameter of 1.0mm to pierce the diaphragm at a speed of 300 ⁇ 10mm/min.
  • the force required for the steel needle to penetrate the diaphragm is the puncture strength of the diaphragm.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 may be a terminal consumer product or a 3C electronic product (computer, communication, consumer electronic product), such as a mobile phone, a power bank, a portable computer, a tablet computer, an e-reader, Laptops, digital cameras, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, earphones, etc.
  • the electronic device 100 may also be an electronic product such as a rechargeable electric vehicle, a rechargeable household small electrical appliance (such as a soymilk maker, a cleaning robot), an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the like.
  • the specific form of the above electronic product is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Electronic device 100 includes housing 10 , display screen 20 and circuit board assembly 30 .
  • the casing 10 includes a frame and a back cover.
  • the frame surrounds the periphery of the display screen 20 and the periphery of the back cover.
  • the cavity formed between the display screen 20 , the frame, and the back cover can be used to place the circuit board assembly 30 .
  • both the display screen 20 and the circuit board assembly 30 may be disposed on the housing 10 .
  • the electronic device 100 may also include a battery 40 for powering the circuit board assembly 30 .
  • the battery 40 may be, for example, a lithium electronic battery.
  • the battery packaging film provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to soft-pack chemical batteries, such as Li batteries, Na batteries, and the like. What type of soft-pack chemical battery is specifically used is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The following briefly describes the structure of the battery by taking the Li battery as an example.
  • the Li battery 01 may include a battery packaging film 20 and a positive electrode tab 21 and a negative electrode tab 22 extending out of the battery packaging film 20 .
  • the Li battery also includes a bare cell located inside the battery packaging film 20 as shown in FIG. 2B (a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting along the dotted line O-O in FIG. 2A ), and the bare cell includes a positive electrode sheet 23 and a negative electrode sheet. 24 , and the separator 25 between the positive electrode sheet 23 and the negative electrode sheet 24 .
  • the positive electrode sheet 23 , the negative electrode sheet 24 and the separator 25 are stacked and rolled into the battery packaging film 20 , and the battery packaging film 20 is further provided with an electrolyte 26 .
  • lithium ions are generated on the positive electrode sheet 23 of the battery, and the generated lithium ions move to the negative electrode sheet 24 through the electrolyte 26 .
  • the carbon in the active material of the negative electrode sheet 24 has a layered structure and has many micropores, so that the lithium ions reaching the negative electrode sheet 24 are embedded in the micropores of the carbon layer. The more lithium ions embedded in the micropores, the higher the charging capacity of the lithium battery.
  • the lithium ions embedded in the micropores of the carbon layer are extracted and returned to the positive electrode sheet 23 after passing through the electrolyte 26 . At this time, the more lithium ions returned to the positive electrode sheet 23, the higher the discharge capacity.
  • FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B only show the conventional structure of a lithium battery with bipolar tabs, and Li batteries with other structures can also be packaged using the battery packaging film proposed in the embodiments of the present application, such as a lithium battery with three tabs etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery packaging film includes a metal layer 31, a first adhesion enhancement layer 321, a first adhesion layer 331, a second adhesion layer 332, a first protective layer 34 and a second protective layer 35; wherein the first The adhesion enhancement layer 321 is located on the first surface of the metal layer 31; the first adhesion layer 331 is located on the surface of the first adhesion enhancement layer 321 away from the metal layer 31; the first The protective layer 34 is located on the surface of the first adhesive layer 331 away from the metal layer 31; the second adhesive layer 332 is located between the metal layer 31 and the second protective layer 35; the first adhesive layer 332 is located between the metal layer 31 and the second protective layer 35; The second protective layer 35 is located on the surface of the second adhesive layer 332 away from the metal layer 31 .
  • the first protective layer 34 is located on the side away from the bare cell; the second protective layer 35 is located on the side close to the bare cell. side.
  • the melting point of the first protective layer is higher than the melting point of the second protective layer.
  • the battery packaging film wraps the battery, and is welded together by the second protective layer to form a closed space for accommodating the bare battery cell.
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer is a mixture of nano-inorganic material and latex emulsion that is uniformly coated on the surface of the metal layer by physical methods, and then dried and tightly rolled. Make it evenly distributed on the upper surface of the metal layer, thereby increasing the roughness of the upper surface of the metal; and then coat or adhere one or more layers of adhesive on the first adhesion enhancement layer to form a first bond layer; finally bonding the first protective layer with the first adhesive layer. Because the first adhesion enhancement layer is added on the upper surface of the metal layer, the roughness of the upper surface of the metal layer is increased, thereby improving the adhesion between the first protective layer and the metal layer strength. Because the first protective layer is firmly adhered to the metal layer, the difficulty of peeling the first protective layer from the metal layer is increased, thereby improving the safety of the battery packaging film.
  • the first adhesion enhancing layer coated on the surface of the metal layer of the embodiment of the present invention can also prevent the metal layer in the battery packaging film from being exposed and corroded. Because if the metal layer is corroded, the strength of the battery packaging film will be reduced. If an external force is applied to the corroded position, the bare cell will lose the last layer of protection. Therefore, adding the first adhesion enhancing layer in the battery packaging film can further protect the metal layer. The increased protection for the metal layer reduces the possibility of external leakage of the metal layer, and also reduces the possibility of contact or corrosion of the metal layer with other metals. For example, if the battery packaging film is used to wrap a bare cell to make a battery, the safety of the battery will also be greatly improved.
  • the strength of the battery packaging film is also increased, thereby improving the safety of the battery packaging film.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery packaging film includes a metal layer 31, a first adhesion enhancement layer 321, a second adhesion enhancement layer 322, a first adhesion layer 331, a second adhesion layer 332, a first protective layer 34 and a second protective layer layer 35; wherein, the first adhesion enhancement layer 331 is located on the first surface of the metal layer; the first adhesion layer 331 is located away from the metal layer of the first adhesion enhancement layer 321 31 ; the first protective layer 34 is located on the surface of the first adhesive layer 331 away from the metal layer 31 ; the second adhesion enhancement layer 322 is located on the second surface of the metal layer 31 ; wherein, the first surface and the second surface are opposite to each other; the second adhesive layer 332 is located on the surface of the second adhesion-enhancing layer 322 away from the metal layer 31 ; the second The protective layer 35 is located on the surface of the second adhesive layer 332 away from the
  • a second adhesion enhancement layer 322 is added on the basis of FIG. 3 , and the second adhesion enhancement layer 322 can be formed with the metal in the same manner as in the embodiment provided in FIG. 3 .
  • the lower surface of the layer 31 can increase the roughness of the lower surface of the metal layer 31 , thereby improving the bonding strength between the second protective layer 35 and the metal layer 31 . Because the second protective layer 35 is firmly adhered to the metal layer 31, the difficulty of peeling off the second protective layer 35 from the metal layer 31 is improved, thereby improving the safety of the battery packaging film .
  • the second adhesion-enhancing layer coated on the surface of the metal layer in the embodiment of the present invention can also prevent the metal layer in the battery packaging film from being exposed, thereby preventing the metal layer from being exposed.
  • the layer and the pole pieces of the positive and negative electrodes are corroded, so the effect of protecting the bare cell is further improved.
  • the second adhesion enhancing layer is added to the battery packaging film, so the strength of the battery packaging film is further increased, thereby improving the safety of the battery packaging film.
  • the first adhesion-enhancing layer or the second adhesion-enhancing layer may include nano-ceramics or nano-thermally conductive non-ceramics.
  • the thickness of the first adhesion enhancing layer or the second adhesion enhancing layer is 1-20um.
  • the metal layer may be an aluminum foil layer. Because the existence of the first adhesion enhancement layer and/or the second adhesion enhancement layer enhances the adhesion strength of the metal layer and the protective layer, the safety of the battery packaging film is effectively improved, so the battery The safety of the packaging film will be better than that of ordinary battery packaging films in the prior art.
  • the metal layer is a metal or alloy with higher strength than aluminum foil. Because a metal with higher hardness than aluminum foil is used as the material of the metal layer, the hardness of the battery packaging film will be higher than that of the battery packaging film using aluminum foil as the metal layer in the prior art, that is, the safety of the battery packaging film will be higher than In the prior art, aluminum foil is used as a battery packaging film with a metal layer.
  • the metal layer is a metal layer containing copper foil, zinc, platinum, iron, nickel, titanium, cobalt, manganese or vanadium; or, the metal layer is a metal layer containing copper foil, zinc, platinum, iron, nickel , an alloy layer composed of one or more metals of titanium, cobalt, manganese or vanadium.
  • the alloy layer is an aluminum-copper alloy or a zinc-manganese alloy.
  • the melting point of the first protective layer is higher than the melting point of the second protective layer, so in the process of wrapping the bare cell with the battery packaging film to make a battery, the second protective layer is subjected to high temperature. Melting sealing, the melting point of the first protective layer is higher than the melting point of the second protective layer, so the first protective layer is not affected by high temperature.
  • the first protective layer may be a PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) layer.
  • the second protective layer may be a nylon layer.
  • the thickness of the first protective layer is 10-30 um
  • the thickness of the second protective layer is 20-80 um
  • the thickness of the metal layer is 25-60 um.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a detailed refinement of the first adhesion enhancing layer and the second adhesion enhancing layer into nano-ceramic layers on the basis of FIG. 4 . That is, the first adhesion enhancement layer is the first nano-ceramic layer 521 , and the second adhesion enhancement layer is the second nano-ceramic layer 522 .
  • the first nano-ceramic layer 521 or the second nano-ceramic layer 522 may be composed of a mixture of ceramic powder and latex emulsion, wherein the ceramic ratio is 1-60%, and the rest is latex emulsion.
  • the ceramic powder is a mixture of one or more of the following inorganic substances with a thickness of 0.1 to 100 nm: silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), boehmite (AlOOH), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconia ( ZrO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), silicon carbide (SiC).
  • the latex is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solution, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) solution, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution, polyacrylic acid (PAA) solution, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution A mixture of one or more in solution.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • SBR styrene butadiene rubber
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • PAA polyacrylic acid
  • PAN polyacrylonitrile
  • the bonding between the first protective layer 34 and the second protective layer 35 and the metal layer 31 can be enhanced, and the first protective layer 34 and the second protective layer 35 can also be avoided. After the second protective layer 35 is damaged, the metal layer 31 leaks out and causes the corrosion problem.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed refinement of the metal layer as a copper foil layer 61 on the basis of FIG. 5 .
  • the metal layer of the battery packaging film provided in the embodiment of the present invention is made of copper foil (hereinafter referred to as copper-plastic film).
  • copper-plastic film Compared with the existing aluminum-plastic film, the copper foil layer with higher strength in this embodiment can Effectively improve the strength of the battery packaging film; ceramic treatment is performed on the surface of the copper foil to increase the roughness of the surface of the copper foil, effectively improving the bonding strength of the metal layer with the first bonding layer and the second bonding layer respectively.
  • the first nano-ceramic layer or the second nano-ceramic layer can still be firmly attached to the surface of the metal layer, thereby blocking the The metal layer is in contact with the outside world, thereby effectively preventing the metal layer from contacting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, the positive and negative electrodes and other metal substances or electrolytes, effectively preventing the occurrence of corrosion, and further improving the reliability of the battery packaging film. sex.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a detailed refinement of the first adhesion-enhancing layer and the second adhesion-enhancing layer on the basis of FIG. 4 into a nanometer thermally conductive non-ceramic layer. That is, the first adhesion enhancing layer is specifically the first nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer 721 , and the second adhesion enhancing layer is specifically the second nano thermal conductive non-ceramic layer 722 .
  • the first nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer or the second nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer may be composed of a mixture of ceramic powder and latex emulsion, wherein the ceramic ratio is 1-60%, and the rest is latex emulsion.
  • the nanometer thermally conductive non-ceramic can be 0.1-100 nm inorganic materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and the like.
  • the nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer has good thermal conductivity, it can also dissipate the heat inside the battery in time while improving the strength of the battery packaging film and the surface roughness of the metal layer, so as to avoid the occurrence of heat inside the battery.
  • the phenomenon of heat accumulation further enhances the safety of the battery packaging film.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment.
  • the nanometer thermally conductive non-ceramic layer is specifically refined to be a graphite layer. That is, the first adhesion enhancement layer is specifically the first graphite layer 821 , and the second adhesion enhancement layer is specifically the second graphite layer 822 .
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer and/or the second adhesion enhancement layer can be realized by using graphite, and the battery packaging film has two functions of protection and heat dissipation at the same time. , can effectively improve the safety of battery packaging film.
  • FIG. 9A is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment.
  • the first adhesion enhancement layer and the second adhesion enhancement layer are specifically refined. That is, the first adhesion enhancement layer is specifically the nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer 921 , and the second adhesion enhancement layer is specifically the nano ceramic layer 922 .
  • the first bonding enhancement layer adopts the nanometer thermally conductive non-ceramic layer 921, which can quickly dissipate the heat generated inside the battery, thereby further effectively improving the safety of the battery.
  • FIG. 9B is a schematic structural diagram of a battery packaging film provided by another embodiment.
  • the positions of the nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer 921 and the nano ceramic layer 922 are exchanged.
  • the nano thermally conductive non-ceramic layer 921 is closer to the bare cell, which can dissipate the heat generated by the bare cell more quickly, so that the heat inside the battery can be quickly dissipated, which further improves the safety of the battery.
  • the battery packaging film with the structure shown in FIG. 6 is selected for experimental testing below, so as to visually illustrate the performance of the battery packaging film provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a comparison diagram of experimental data in terms of mechanical puncture strength between the copper-plastic film of the present application and the aluminum-plastic film of the prior art.
  • the horizontal axis is the displacement during acupuncture, and the vertical axis is the force.
  • the mechanical puncture strength of the copper-plastic film is better than that of the aluminum-plastic film in the prior art.
  • the maximum force of the copper-plastic film is about 0.02
  • the technical aluminum-plastic film is about 33% higher in mechanical puncture strength.
  • FIG. 11 is a preparation process of a battery packaging film provided by an embodiment of the present application. With reference to the structure of the battery packaging film shown in FIG. 6 , the preparation process of the battery packaging film will be described in detail.
  • Step 1101 uniformly mixing the ceramic powder and the latex to prepare a first nano-ceramic mixture.
  • Step 1102 coating the first nano-ceramic mixture on the upper and lower surfaces of the copper foil.
  • Step 1103 drying the coated copper foil, and then rolling to form the first nano-ceramic layer and the second nano-ceramic layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the copper foil.
  • Step 1104 coating an adhesive on the surfaces of the first nano-ceramic layer and the second nano-ceramic layer to form the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer.
  • Step 1105 adhering the first protective layer to the first adhesive layer, and adhering the second protective layer to the second adhesive layer.
  • FIG. 11 shows the preparation process of the battery packaging film with reference to the structure of the battery packaging film in FIG. 6 , and the preparation process of the battery packaging film of other structures can be carried out in a similar manner, which will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

本申请提供了电池包装膜，该电池包装膜包括金属层，第一粘结力增强层、第一粘结层、第二粘结层、第一保护层和第二保护层；第一粘结力增强层位于所述金属层的第一表面；第一粘结层位于第一粘结力增强层的远离金属层的表面；第一保护层位于第一粘结层的远离金属层的表面；第二粘结层位于金属层和第二保护层之间；第二保护层位于第二粘结层的远离金属层的表面。因为通过在金属层的上表面增加了第一粘结力增强层，所以增加了金属层的上表面的粗糙度，进而提升了第一保护层与金属层的粘结强度，从而提高了第一保护层与金属层剥离的难度，故有效的提升了电池包装膜的安全性。

Description

一种电池包装膜，电池包装膜的制备方法及电子设备
本申请要求在2020年11月11日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202011256369.0的中国专利申请的优先权，发明名称为“一种电池包装膜，电池包装膜的制备方法及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池包装膜，电池包装膜的制备方法及电子设备。
背景技术
锂离子电池作为一种绿色电源，因其能量密度高、循环寿命长和自放电率低等优点，被广泛地应用于笔记本、平板与手机等电子产品中。目前，市场中的锂离子电池包装膜均采用铝塑膜，但铝塑膜的强度较低，当电池遭到外力破坏时，铝塑膜最先被破坏，无法形成对裸电芯的保护，因此裸电芯的极片也开始被破坏，从而导致电池的正负极直接接触而短路、发热等不安全事件。
现有技术，一种方式是通过增加铝塑膜中铝层厚度来改善电池包装膜的强度，但是采用此种方法会导致铝塑膜厚度偏厚，不利于锂离子电池能量密度提升。另一种方式是将铝塑膜换成钢塑膜，即将铝层换成不锈钢层，但钢塑膜太硬。在锂离子电池生产过程中，对钢塑膜的封装较困难，因此导致生产效率与良率非常低，较难商业化推广。因此，如何生产一种高安全性的电池包装膜将是一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池包装膜、电池包装膜的制备方法及电子设备，以提高电子设备的安全性。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池包装膜，该电池包装膜包括金属层，第一粘结力增强层、第一粘结层、第二粘结层、第一保护层和第二保护层；其中，所述第一粘结力增强层位于所述金属层的第一表面；所述第一粘结层位于所述第一粘结力增强层的远离所述金属层的表面；所述第一保护层位于所述第一粘结层的远离所述金属层的表面；所述第二粘结层位于所述金属层和所述第二保护层之间；所述第二保护层位于所述第二粘结层的远离所述金属层的表面。
因为通过在所述金属层的上表面增加第一粘结力增强层，从而增加了所述金 属层的上表面的粗糙度，进而提升了所述第一保护层与所述金属层的粘结强度。因为所述第一保护层牢固地粘结在所述金属层上，提高了所述第一保护层与所述金属层剥离的难度，从而提高电池包装膜的安全性。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述电池包装膜还包括第二粘结力增强层；所述第二粘结力增强层位于所述金属层的第二表面；其中，所述第一表面和所述第二表面相背；所述第二粘结层位于所述金属层和所述第二保护层之间，具体为：所述第二粘结层位于所述第二粘结力增强层的远离所述金属层的表面。
这样，在所述金属层的上下两个表面增加了第一粘结力增强层和第二粘结力增强层，从而可以增加所述金属层的上下表面的粗糙度，进而提升了所述第一保护层和所述第二保护层与所述金属层的粘结强度。因为所述第一保护层和所述第二保护层牢固地粘结在所述金属层上，提高了所述第一保护层和所述第二保护层与所述金属层剥离的难度，从而提高了所述电池包装膜的安全性。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一粘结力增强层或第二粘结力增强层包括纳米陶瓷或纳米导热非陶瓷。
由于所述纳米导热非陶瓷层具有很好的导热性，故在提高电池包装膜的强度和金属层的表面粗糙度的情况下，还能够及时将电池内部的热散发出去，避免在电池内部发生热积累的现象，进一步增强了电池包装膜的安全性。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述纳米陶瓷中的陶瓷占比为1～60％或者，所述纳米导热非陶瓷中的非陶瓷占比为1～60％。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述纳米陶瓷为所述纳米陶瓷为0.1～100nm的下列无机物的一种或多种的混合物：氧化硅(SiO 2)、勃姆石(AlOOH)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、氧化锆(ZrO 2)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化钛(TiO 2)、碳化硅(SiC)。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述纳米导热非陶瓷为石墨烯或碳纳米管。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一粘结力增强层或第二粘结力增强层厚度为1～20um。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述金属层为强度高于铝的金属或者合金。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述金属层为包含铜箔，锌，铂，铁，镍，钛，钴，锰或钒的金属层；或，所述金属层为包含铜箔，锌，铂，铁，镍，钛，钴，锰或钒的一种或多种金属组成的合金层。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述合金层为铝铜合金或锌锰合金。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一保护层的熔点高于所述第二保护层的熔点。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一保护层的厚度为10～30um。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二保护层的厚度为20～80um。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述金属层的厚度为25～60um。
第二方面，本身请还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括裸电芯和所述第一方面或其任一实施方式中所述的电池包装膜，所述电池包装膜包裹所述裸电芯；所述第一保护层位于远离所述裸电芯的一侧；所述第二保护层位于靠近所述裸电芯的一侧。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述电池为锂离子电池。
第三方面，本申请还提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括显示屏，电路板，外壳和如上述第二方面述或其任一实施方式中所述的电池；所述电池和所述显示屏分别位于所述电路板的两侧，且容纳在所述外壳形成的封闭空间中。
第四方面，本申请还提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括如上述第二方面述或其任一实施方式中所述的电池。
第五方面，本申请还提供了一种电池包装膜的制备方法，包括：将陶瓷粉末和胶乳液混合均匀制成第一纳米陶瓷混合物；将第一纳米陶瓷混合物涂覆在铜箔上下表面；将涂覆好后的铜箔烘干，然后再进行辊压，在所述铜箔上下表面形成所述第一纳米陶瓷层和所述第二纳米陶瓷层；将粘结剂涂覆在所述第一纳米陶瓷层和所述第二纳米陶瓷层的表面形成所述第一粘结层和所述第二粘结层；将所述第一保护层粘结在所述第一粘结层，将所述第二保护层粘结在所述第二粘结层。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述纳米陶瓷粉末为的下列无机物的一种或多种的混合物：氧化硅(SiO 2)、勃姆石(AlOOH)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、氧化锆(ZrO 2)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化钛(TiO 2)、碳化硅(SiC)。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述胶乳液分别为聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液，丁苯橡胶(SBR)溶液，羧甲基纤维素(CMC)溶液，聚丙烯酸(PAA)溶液，聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液中的一种或多种的混合物。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中，所述粘结剂为酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、聚乙酸乙烯酯、氰基丙烯酸甲酯、氰基丙烯酸乙酯、聚乙烯醇缩醛、乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚树脂、橡胶型胶粘剂氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶、聚硫橡胶中的一种或多种的混合物。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图；
图2A为本申请一实施例提供的Li电池的结构示意图；
图2B是本申请实施例提供的Li电池的沿O-O方向的剖面图。
图3为本申请一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图4为本申请另一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图5为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图6为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图7为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图8为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图9A为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图9B为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图；
图10为本申请的铜塑膜和现有技术的铝塑膜在机械刺穿强度方面的实验数据对比图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种电池包装膜的制备过程。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述方便，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
此外，本申请实施例中，“上”、“下”等方位术语可以包括但不限于相对附图中的部件示意置放的方位来定义的，应当理解到，这些方向性术语可以是相对的概念，它们用于相对于部件示意置放的方位的描述和澄清，其可以根据附图中部件附图所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
在介绍本申请实施例之前，先阐述本申请中出现的技术术语。
隔膜(Separator)：可以指用于分隔电芯正极和负极、防止正负极直接接触而短路的介质。隔膜的基本特性是具有多孔性(可提供离子传输的通道)和绝缘性(防止漏电)。隔膜可以包括隔膜基材和隔膜涂层。隔膜基材(Base separator)：可以指隔膜中的聚烯烃微孔膜部分。隔膜基材可以被单独使用在电芯中。隔膜基材可以提供上述多孔性和上述绝缘性。隔膜涂层(Separator coating layer)：可以指附着于隔膜基材上的薄层。隔膜涂层可以通过涂覆的方式附着在隔膜基材上。隔膜涂层可以用于增强隔膜的性能，例如提高隔膜的耐热性、粘接性等。
电芯(core或cell)，可以指电池中具有蓄电功能的部分。电芯可以包括正极、负极和隔膜。
热滥用(Heat abuse)：可以指电芯在热(或高温)方面的滥用。可以使用热箱对电芯进行有关热滥用的测试(如使用高温(≥130℃)烘烤电芯)。
机械滥用(Machenical abuse)：可以指电芯在机械方面的滥用。可以使用针刺测试、撞击测试等对电芯进行有关机械滥用的测试。
穿刺强度(Puncture strength)：可以指，采用直径为1.0mm的球形钢针以300±10mm/min的速度顶刺隔膜，钢针穿透隔膜所需的力即为隔膜的穿刺强度。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备100的结构示意图。
电子设备100可以是终端消费产品或3C电子产品(计算机类(computer)、通信类(communication)、消费类(consumer)电子产品)，如手机、移动电源、便携机、平板电脑、电子阅读器、笔记本电脑、数码相机、车载设备、可穿戴设备、耳机等设备。电子设备100还可以是充电电动汽车、充电家用小型电器(例 如豆浆机、扫地机器人)、无人机等电子产品。本申请实施例对上述电子产品的具体形式不做特殊限制。
电子设备100包括壳体10、显示屏20和电路板组件30。具体的，壳体10包括边框和后盖。边框环绕在显示屏20的外周且环绕在后盖的外周。显示屏20、边框、后盖之间形成的空腔可以用于放置电路板组件30。在一个示例中，显示屏20和电路板组件30均可以被设置在壳体10上。电子设备100还可以包括用于为电路板组件30供电的电池40。电池40例如可以是锂电子电池。
本发明实施例所提供的电池包装膜可以应用于软包类化学电池，例如：Li电池，Na电池等。具体采用何种类型的软包类化学电池，本发明实施例不做具体限定。下面以Li电池为例，简要说明电池的结构。
如图2A所示，Li电池01可以包括电池包装膜20以及伸出电池包装膜20的正极极耳21和负极极耳22。此外，Li电池还包括如图2B(沿图2A中的虚线O-O进行剖切得到的剖视图)所示的，位于电池包装膜20内部的裸电芯，该裸电芯包括正极片23、负极片24，以及位于正极片23和负极片24之间的隔膜25。正极片23、负极片24以及隔膜25叠放卷制放入电池包装膜20内，且该电池包装膜20内还设置有电解液26。
Li电池在充电过程中，电池的正极片23上有锂离子生成，生成的锂离子经过电解液26运动到负极片24上。该负极片24的活性物质中的碳呈层状结构，具有很多微孔，从而使得到达负极片24的锂离子嵌入上述碳层的微孔中。该微孔中嵌入的锂离子越多，锂电池的充电容量越高。此外，当锂电池放电时，嵌入上述碳层微孔中的锂离子脱出，并经过电解液26后又回到正极片23。此时，回到正极片23的锂离子越多，放电电量越高。
需要说明的是，图2A和图2B仅示出双极耳的锂电池的常规结构，其他结构的Li电池也是可以使用本申请实施例提出的电池包装膜进行包装，例如三极耳的锂电池等，本发明实施例不做具体限定。
图3为本申请一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。该电池包装膜包括金属层31，第一粘结力增强层321、第一粘结层331、第二粘结层332、第一保护层34和第二保护层35；其中，所述第一粘结力增强层321位于所述金属层31的第一表面；所述第一粘结层331位于所述第一粘结力增强层321的远离所述金属层31的表面；所述第一保护层34位于所述第一粘结层331的远离所述金属层31的表面；所述第二粘结层332位于所述金属层31和所述第二保护层35之间；所述第二保护层35位于所述第二粘结层332的远离所述金属层31的表面。
需要说明的是，若使用所述电池包装膜包裹裸电芯，所述第一保护层34位于远离所述裸电芯的一侧；所述第二保护层35位于靠近所述裸电芯的一侧。
可选的，所述第一保护层的熔点高于所述第二保护层的熔点。所述电池包装膜将所述电池包裹起来，通过所述第二保护层熔接在一起而形成用于容纳所述裸电芯的封闭空间。
需要说明的是，所述第一粘结力增强层为在所述金属层表面通过物理方法均匀地涂覆一层纳米无机材料与胶乳液的混和物，然后经过烘干和紧密辊压后，使其均匀地分布在金属层上表面，从而增加金属上表面的粗糙度；在所述第一粘结力增强层上再涂覆或粘附一层或多层粘结剂形成第一粘结层；最后将第一保护层与所述第一粘结层粘结。因为通过在所述金属层的上表面增加第一粘结力增强层，从而增加了所述金属层的上表面的粗糙度，进而提升了所述第一保护层与所述金属层的粘结强度。因为所述第一保护层牢固地粘结在所述金属层上，提高了所述第一保护层与所述金属层剥离的难度，从而提高了电池包装膜的安全性。
另外，若第一保护层不可避免地发生破损后，本发明实施例的金属层表面涂覆的第一粘结力增强层还可以阻止电池包装膜中的金属层外露而发生腐蚀。因为若所述金属层被腐蚀，则会导致电池包装膜的强度降低，如果有外力施加于被腐蚀的位置，那么裸电芯就失去了最后一层保护。故在电池包装膜中增加第一粘结力增强层还可以进一步起到保护所述金属层的作用。对所述金属层的保护力度增加，降低了所述金属层外漏的可能性，也就降低了所述金属层与其他金属发生接触或者腐蚀的可能性。例如：若使用该种电池包装膜包裹裸电芯制成电池，该电池的安全性也会大大提高。
需要说明的是，因为增加了所述第一粘结力增强层，故也增加所述电池包装膜的强度，从而提升了所述电池包装膜的安全性。
图4为本申请另一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。该电池包装膜包括金属层31，第一粘结力增强层321、第二粘结力增强层322、第一粘结层331、第二粘结层332、第一保护层34和第二保护层35；其中，所述第一粘结力增强层331位于所述金属层的第一表面；所述第一粘结层331位于所述第一粘结力增强层321的远离所述金属层31的表面；所述第一保护层34位于所述第一粘结层331的远离所述金属层31的表面；所述第二粘结力增强层322位于所述金属层31的第二表面；其中，所述第一表面和所述第二表面相背；所述第二粘结层332位于所述第二粘结力增强层322的远离所述金属层31的表面；所述第二保护层35位于所述第二粘结层332的远离所述金属层31的表面。
需要说明的是，在图3的基础上增加了第二粘结力增强层322，所述第二粘结力增强层322可以通过与图3所提供的实施例的相同方式形成与所述金属层31的下表面，从而可以增加所述金属层31的下表面的粗糙度，进而提升了所述第二保护层35与所述金属层31的粘结强度。因为所述第二保护层35牢固地粘结在所述金属层31上，提高了所述第二保护层35与所述金属层31剥离的难度，从而提高了所述电池包装膜的安全性。
另外，若第二保护层不可避免地发生破损后，本发明实施例的金属层表面涂覆的第二粘结力增强层还可以阻止电池包装膜中的金属层外露，进而可以阻止所述金属层与正负极的极片发生腐蚀，故进一步提高保护裸电芯的作用。
需要说明的是，所述电池包装膜中又增加了所述第二粘结力增强层，故进一步增加了所所述电池包装膜的强度，从而提升了所述电池包装膜的安全性。
可选的，所述第一粘结力增强层或者所述第二粘结力增强层可以包括纳米陶瓷或者纳米导热非陶瓷。
可选的，所述第一粘结力增强层或第二粘结力增强层厚度为1～20um。
可选的，所述金属层可以是铝箔层。因为第一粘结力增强层和/或第二粘结力增强层的存在，增强了金属层和保护层的粘结强度，故有效地提高了所述电池包装膜的安全性，因此该电池包装膜的安全性会好于现有技术中普通的电池包装膜。
可选的，所述金属层为强度高于铝箔的金属或者合金。因为采用了比铝箔硬度高的金属作为金属层的材料，故该电池包装膜的硬度会高于现有技术中采用铝箔作为金属层的电池包装膜，即该电池包装膜的安全性会高于现有技术中采用铝箔作为金属层的电池包装膜。
可选的，所述金属层为包含铜箔，锌，铂，铁，镍，钛，钴，锰或钒的金属层；或，所述金属层为包含铜箔，锌，铂，铁，镍，钛，钴，锰或钒的一种或多种金属组成的合金层。
可选的，所述合金层为铝铜合金或锌锰合金。
可选的，所述第一保护层的熔点高于所述第二保护层的熔点，故在使用所述电池包装膜包裹裸电芯制成电池的过程中，所述第二保护层经过高温熔化封口，所述第一保护层的熔点高于所述第二保护层的熔点，故所述第一保护层不受高温的影响。
可选的，所述第一保护层可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)层。
可选的，所述第二保护层可以为尼龙层。
可选的，所述第一保护层的厚度为10～30um，所述第二保护层的厚度为20～80um，所述金属层的厚度为25～60um。
下面举例说明几种电池包装膜的结构图。
图5为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。图5为在图4基础上具体细化了第一粘结力增强层和第二粘结力增强层细化为纳米陶瓷层。即第一粘结力增强层为第一纳米陶瓷层521，第二粘结力增强层为第二纳米陶瓷层522。
可选的，所述第一纳米陶瓷层521或所述第二纳米陶瓷层522可以由陶瓷粉末，胶乳液混合组成，其中陶瓷比例为1～60％，其它为胶乳液。
需要说明的是，陶瓷粉末为0.1～100nm的下列无机物的一种或多种的混合物： 氧化硅(SiO 2)、勃姆石(AlOOH)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、氧化锆(ZrO 2)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化钛(TiO 2)、碳化硅(SiC)。
需要说明的是，所述胶乳液为聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液，丁苯橡胶(SBR)溶液，羧甲基纤维素(CMC)溶液，聚丙烯酸(PAA)溶液，聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液中的一种或多种的混合物。
通过在所述金属层31表面进行表面处理，可以增强所述第一保护层34和第二保护层35与所述金属层31的粘结，还可以避免在所述第一保护层34和第二保护层35破损后，所述金属层31外漏而造成的腐蚀问题。
图6为本申请又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。图6为在图5的基础上具体细化了金属层为铜箔层61。
本发明实施例中提供的电池包装膜的金属层采用为铜箔(以下称铜塑膜)，相比现有的铝塑膜而言，本实施例通过采用强度较高的铜箔层，可以有效地提升电池包装膜的强度；在铜箔表面进行陶瓷处理来增加铜箔表面的粗糙度，有效地提升了所述金属层分别与第一粘结层和第二粘结层的粘接强度；同时对于第一保护层或第二保护层破损后，所述第一纳米陶瓷层或者所述第二纳米陶瓷层仍能牢固地黏贴在所述金属层的表面，进而阻断了所述金属层与外界的接触，从而有效的阻止了所述金属层与电池的正负极片和正负极耳等金属物质或电解液的接触，有效的阻止腐蚀情况的发生，进一步提高电池包装膜的可靠性。
图7为又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。图7为在图4的基础上具体细化了第一粘结力增强层和第二粘结力增强层细化为纳米导热非陶瓷层。即第一粘结力增强层具体为第一纳米导热非陶瓷层721，第二粘结力增强层具体为第二纳米导热非陶瓷层722。
可选的，所述第一纳米导热非陶瓷层或所述第二纳米导热非陶瓷层可以由陶瓷粉末，胶乳液混合组成，其中陶瓷比例为1～60％，其它为胶乳液。
所述纳米导热非陶瓷可以为0.1～100nm无机材料，比如石墨烯，碳纳米管等。
由于所述纳米导热非陶瓷层具有很好的导热性，故在提高电池包装膜的强度和金属层的表面粗糙度的情况下，还能够及时将电池内部的热散发出去，避免在电池内部发生热积累的现象，进一步增强了电池包装膜的安全性。
图8为又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。在图8的基础上具体细化了纳米导热非陶瓷层为石墨层。即第一粘结力增强层具体为第一石墨层821，第二粘结力增强层具体为第二石墨层822。
由于石墨具有很好的导热特性，因此可以将所述第一粘结增强层和/或所述第二粘结增强层采用石墨来实现，此种电池包装膜同时具有保护和散热的两项功 能，能有效地提升电池包装膜的安全性。
图9A为又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。在图4的基础上具体细化了第一粘结力增强层和第二粘结力增强层。即第一粘结力增强层具体为纳米导热非陶瓷层921，第二粘结力增强层具体为纳米陶瓷层922。
在本实施例中，第一粘结增强层层采用纳米导热非陶瓷层921，可以使得电池内部产生的热量迅速的导出去，进一步有效地提高了电池的安全性。
图9B为又一实施例提供的电池包装膜的结构示意图。在图9A的基础上将所述纳米导热非陶瓷层921和所述纳米陶瓷层922交换位置。这样，所述纳米导热非陶瓷层921更接近裸电芯，可以将所述裸电芯产生的热量更加迅速地导出去，使得电池内部的热量能够迅速散出去，进一步提高了电池的安全性。
本申请实施例仅仅示例性的列出几种可能的电池包装膜的结构，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
下面选择图6所示的结构的电池包装膜进行实验测试，来直观说明本申请实施例提供的电池包装膜的性能。
图10为本申请的铜塑膜和现有技术的铝塑膜在机械刺穿强度方面的实验数据对比图。横轴为针刺时的位移，纵轴为力的大小。从图中可以看出铜塑膜在机械刺穿强度上的耐受能力优于现有技术的铝塑膜。从图10可以得出，铜塑膜的受力最大值约为0.02，铝塑膜的受力最大值约为0.015，故0.02/0.015-1＝33％，即本申请的铜塑膜相对现有技术的铝塑膜在机械刺穿强度上提高33％左右。
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种电池包装膜的制备过程。结合图6所示的电池包装膜的结构，详细说明该电池包装膜的制备过程。
步骤1101，将陶瓷粉末和胶乳液混合均匀制成第一纳米陶瓷混合物。
步骤1102，将第一纳米陶瓷混合物涂覆在铜箔上下表面。
步骤1103，将涂覆好后的铜箔烘干，然后再进行辊压，在所述铜箔上下表面形成所述第一纳米陶瓷层和所述第二纳米陶瓷层。
步骤1104，将粘结剂涂覆在所述第一纳米陶瓷层和所述第二纳米陶瓷层的表面形成所述第一粘结层和所述第二粘结层。
步骤1105，将所述第一保护层粘结在所述第一粘结层，将所述第二保护层粘结在所述第二粘结层。
需要说明的是，图11是参照图6的电池包装膜的结构来描述的电池包装膜的制备过程，其他结构的电池包装膜的制备过程可以采用类似的方式，在这里不再赘述。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电池包装膜，其特征在于，包括金属层，第一粘结力增强层、第一粘结层、第二粘结层、第一保护层和第二保护层；其中，
    所述第一粘结力增强层位于所述金属层的第一表面；
    所述第一粘结层位于所述第一粘结力增强层的远离所述金属层的表面；
    所述第一保护层位于所述第一粘结层的远离所述金属层的表面；
    所述第二粘结层位于所述金属层和所述第二保护层之间；
    所述第二保护层位于所述第二粘结层的远离所述金属层的表面。
  2. 所述根据权利要求1所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，
    所述电池包装膜还包括第二粘结力增强层；
    所述第二粘结力增强层位于所述金属层的第二表面；其中，所述第一表面和所述第二表面相背；
    所述第二粘结层位于所述金属层和所述第二保护层之间，具体为：所述第二粘结层位于所述第二粘结力增强层的远离所述金属层的表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，
    所述第一粘结力增强层或第二粘结力增强层包括纳米陶瓷或纳米导热非陶瓷。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述纳米陶瓷中的陶瓷占比为1～60％；或者，所述纳米导热非陶瓷中的非陶瓷占比为1～60％。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述纳米陶瓷为0.1～100nm的下列无机物的一种或多种的混合物：氧化硅(SiO 2)、勃姆石(AlOOH)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、氧化锆(ZrO 2)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化钛(TiO 2)、碳化硅(SiC)。
  6. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述纳米导热非陶瓷为石墨烯或碳纳米管。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述第一粘结力增强层或第二粘结力增强层厚度为1～20um。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述金属层为强度高于铝的金属或者合金。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述金属层为包含铜箔，锌，铂，铁，镍，钛，钴，锰或钒的金属层；或，所述金属层为包含铜箔，锌，铂，铁，镍，钛，钴，锰或钒的一种或多种金属组成的合金层。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述合金层为铝铜合金或锌锰合金。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述第一 保护层的熔点高于所述第二保护层的熔点。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述第一保护层的厚度为10～30um。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述第二保护层的厚度为20～80um。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述金属层的厚度为25～60um。
  15. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括裸电芯和如权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池包装膜，所述电池包装膜包裹所述裸电芯；
    所述第一保护层位于远离所述裸电芯的一侧；
    所述第二保护层位于靠近所述裸电芯的一侧。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池包装膜，其特征在于，所述电池为锂离子电池。
  17. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括显示屏，电路板，外壳和如权利要求15或16所述的电池；
    所述电池和所述显示屏分别位于所述电路板的两侧，且容纳在所述外壳形成的封闭空间中。
  18. 一种电池包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将陶瓷粉末和胶乳液混合均匀制成第一纳米陶瓷混合物；
    将第一纳米陶瓷混合物涂覆在铜箔上下表面；
    将涂覆好后的铜箔烘干，然后再进行辊压，在所述铜箔上下表面形成所述第一纳米陶瓷层和所述第二纳米陶瓷层；
    将粘结剂涂覆在所述第一纳米陶瓷层和所述第二纳米陶瓷层的表面形成所述第一粘结层和所述第二粘结层；
    将所述第一保护层粘结在所述第一粘结层，将所述第二保护层粘结在所述第二粘结层。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述纳米陶瓷粉末为的下列无机物的一种或多种的混合物：氧化硅(SiO 2)、勃姆石(AlOOH)、氧化铝(Al 2O 3)、氧化锆(ZrO 2)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化钛(TiO 2)、碳化硅(SiC)。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的电池包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述胶乳液为聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液，丁苯橡胶(SBR)溶液，羧甲基纤维素(CMC)溶液，聚丙烯酸(PAA)溶液，聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液中的一种或多种的混合物。
  21. 根据权利要求18-20任一项所述的电池包装膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述粘结剂为酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、聚乙酸乙烯酯、氰基丙烯酸甲酯、氰基丙烯酸乙酯、聚乙烯醇缩醛、乙烯-乙酸乙烯共聚树脂、橡胶型胶粘剂氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶、聚硫橡胶中的一种或多种的混合物。
PCT/CN2021/129653 2020-11-11 2021-11-09 一种电池包装膜，电池包装膜的制备方法及电子设备 Ceased WO2022100589A1 (zh)

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