WO2022111460A1 - 摄像头模组、成像方法和电子设备 - Google Patents

摄像头模组、成像方法和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022111460A1
WO2022111460A1 PCT/CN2021/132367 CN2021132367W WO2022111460A1 WO 2022111460 A1 WO2022111460 A1 WO 2022111460A1 CN 2021132367 W CN2021132367 W CN 2021132367W WO 2022111460 A1 WO2022111460 A1 WO 2022111460A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
image
frame image
electrostatic comb
driving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/132367
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王丹妹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd filed Critical Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority to EP21896961.6A priority Critical patent/EP4231624A4/en
Priority to JP2023530584A priority patent/JP7659631B2/ja
Publication of WO2022111460A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022111460A1/zh
Priority to US18/203,051 priority patent/US20230300440A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/51—Housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
    • H04N23/84—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof for processing colour signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/10—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof for transforming different wavelengths into image signals
    • H04N25/11—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics
    • H04N25/13—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics characterised by the spectral characteristics of the filter elements
    • H04N25/134—Arrangement of colour filter arrays [CFA]; Filter mosaics characterised by the spectral characteristics of the filter elements based on three different wavelength filter elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/48—Increasing resolution by shifting the sensor relative to the scene

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of communication technologies, and in particular relates to a camera module, an imaging method and an electronic device.
  • the main solutions for improving the photographing effect of mobile terminal products are: first, to improve the sensitivity by using large pixels; second, to process images through platform-side algorithms (such as multi-frame fusion).
  • platform-side algorithms such as multi-frame fusion
  • the above two solutions have defects.
  • For the first solution under the same physical size, increasing the pixel unit size will lead to a decrease in resolution, while increasing the physical size will lead to an increase in cost; for the second solution, by If the platform algorithm performs image processing, it will increase the power consumption of image processing and prolong the drawing time.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a camera module, an imaging method, and an electronic device, which can solve the problems of increased cost, increased image processing power consumption, and increased drawing time in the prior art when improving the photographing effect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a camera module, the camera module includes:
  • Lenses lens fixing assemblies, circuit boards, image sensors and drive assemblies
  • the lens fixing component is arranged on one side of the circuit board, the lens fixing component is provided with an installation groove, and the lens is installed in the installation groove;
  • An accommodating cavity is formed between the lens, the lens fixing component and the circuit board, the image sensor is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and is arranged opposite to the lens, and the image sensor is arranged in the accommodating cavity. electrically connected with the circuit board;
  • the driving component is located between the image sensor and the circuit board, and the driving component is used for driving the image sensor to move along a first straight line and a second straight line on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens , wherein the first straight line and the second straight line are perpendicular to each other.
  • the driving assembly includes at least one first electrostatic comb driver and at least one second electrostatic comb driver, and the first electrostatic comb driver is used to drive the image sensor in the light perpendicular to the lens.
  • the axis moves along a first straight line on a plane
  • the second electrostatic comb driver is used to drive the image sensor to move along a second straight line on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens.
  • the first electrostatic comb driver includes first movable teeth and first fixed teeth
  • the second electrostatic comb driver includes second movable teeth and second fixed teeth
  • the first fixed teeth and all The second fixed teeth are connected to the circuit board
  • the first movable teeth and the second movable teeth are connected to the image sensor, and when a driving voltage is applied to the first electrostatic comb driver, all the The first movable teeth can move along the first straight line
  • the second movable teeth can move along the second straight line.
  • the number of the first electrostatic comb driver and the second electrostatic comb driver is two, and the two first electrostatic comb drivers and the two second electrostatic comb drivers are in the form of two. It is arranged in a field shape, and the orthographic projections of the two first electrostatic comb drivers on the circuit board are center-symmetrical, and the orthographic projections of the two second electrostatic comb drivers on the circuit board are center-symmetrical .
  • the driving component further includes a driving chip, the driving chip is disposed on the circuit board, and the driving chip is respectively connected to the first electrostatic comb driver and the second electrostatic comb driver, The driving chip is used for driving the first electrostatic comb driver and the second electrostatic comb driver to work.
  • the lens fixing assembly includes a base and a drive motor, the base is fixed on one side of the circuit board, the drive motor is arranged on the base, the lens is connected to the drive motor, and the The drive motor is used to drive the lens to move on the optical axis of the lens.
  • a filter is arranged between the lens and the image sensor, and the filter is perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an imaging method, which is applied to the camera module according to the first aspect, and the imaging method includes:
  • the camera module is used to acquire the first frame of image
  • the driving component drives the image sensor to move the first preset distance along the first straight line in the first direction along the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens in sequence, Move a second preset distance along a second straight line in a second direction on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens, move a third direction along a first straight line in a third direction on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens
  • a final image is generated according to the first frame image, the second frame image, the third frame image and the fourth frame image.
  • the first frame of image includes several square pixel units, and the first preset distance, the second preset distance, and the third preset distance are all positives of the side length of a single pixel unit. integer multiples.
  • the step of generating a final image according to the first frame of image, the second frame of image, the third frame of image and the fourth frame of image includes:
  • the several reshot cloth images are fused to generate a final image.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes the camera module described in the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the program or instruction being The processor implements the steps of the imaging method according to the second aspect when executed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a readable storage medium, where a program or an instruction is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the imaging method according to the second aspect is implemented. step.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, where the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or an instruction to implement the second aspect the imaging method described.
  • a computer program product is provided, the computer program product is stored in a non-volatile storage medium, the computer program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the imaging method according to the second aspect .
  • the photographing effect can be effectively improved without introducing negative effects, such as improving resolution, dynamic range, color reproduction authenticity, and noise reduction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of increasing the size of a pixel unit under the same physical size in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a processing algorithm for improving photographing effects in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic comb driver provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a force analysis of an electrostatic comb driver provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the setting position of the drive assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an imaging method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of RGB pixel arrangement of an image sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of image capturing by a mobile image sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of a photographed image in the prior art
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device implementing an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second and the like in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and distinguish between “first”, “second”, etc.
  • the objects are usually of one type, and the number of objects is not limited.
  • the first object may be one or more than one.
  • “and/or” in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character “/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of increasing the size of a pixel unit under the same physical size in the prior art.
  • a solution for the camera to improve the photographing effect is to increase the size of the pixel unit on the premise that the physical size does not change.
  • the increase in the size of the pixel unit can improve the sensitivity, but by This results in a corresponding reduction in the resolution of the image sensor, while to maintain a higher resolution, the physical size of the camera needs to be increased accordingly, which increases the cost and increases the volume occupied by the camera.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a processing algorithm for improving the photographing effect in the prior art.
  • another solution to improve the photographing effect is to add an effect algorithm (for example, a multi-frame fusion algorithm) on the platform side after the image sensor acquires consecutive multiple frames of images, This will increase the power consumption of the image processing system, and the addition of algorithms will also lead to longer image processing time.
  • an effect algorithm for example, a multi-frame fusion algorithm
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the camera module may include: a lens 11 , a lens fixing assembly 12 , a circuit board 13 , an image sensor 14 and a driving assembly 15 , wherein the lens
  • the fixing component 12 is arranged on one side of the circuit board 13, and the lens fixing component 12 is provided with an installation groove, and the lens 11 is installed in the installation groove; and the lens 11, the lens fixing component 12 and the circuit board 13 are enclosed by the three An accommodating cavity is formed, and the image sensor 14 is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the image sensor 14 and the lens 11 are directly arranged, that is, the optical axis of the lens 11 is perpendicular to the photosensitive surface of the image sensor 14, and the image sensor 14 is also connected to
  • the circuit board 13 is electrically connected to convert the received optical signal into an electrical signal and then transmit it to the circuit board 13; the driving component 15 is located
  • the driving component 15 can drive the image sensor 14 in the circuit
  • the displacement of the pixel size level is realized on the board 13, so that the image sensor 14 can realize the photosensitive in different positions during the photographing process, and obtain the final image according to the multiple photosensitive data, which can effectively improve the photographing effect, and will not cause other negative effects.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrostatic comb driver according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrostatic comb driver includes fixed teeth 41 , movable teeth 42 , elastic beams 43 , etc., wherein the fixed teeth 41 are comb-shaped, and the movable teeth 42 are in the shape of “non”.
  • the electrostatic comb driver in the embodiment of the present application refers to a Micro Electro Mechanical System (Micro Electro Mechanical System, MEMS) electrostatic comb driver, so as to satisfy the high-precision displacement of the image sensor 14 .
  • MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical System
  • the driving component 15 includes at least one first electrostatic comb driver 151 and at least one second electrostatic comb driver 152
  • the first electrostatic comb driver 151 may be used to drive the image sensor 14 in a vertical direction. move along the first straight line on the plane of the optical axis of the lens 11, and the second electrostatic comb driver 152 is used to drive the image sensor 14 to move along the second straight line on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens 11, so as to make the image
  • the sensor 14 can be moved in different directions.
  • the first electrostatic comb driver 151 includes first movable teeth 1512 and first fixed teeth 1511
  • the second electrostatic comb driver 152 includes second movable teeth 1522 and second fixed teeth 1521 .
  • the first fixed teeth 1511 and the second fixed teeth 1521 are connected to the circuit board 13
  • the first movable teeth 1512 and the second movable teeth 1522 are connected to the image sensor 14 .
  • the first movable teeth 1512 and the second movable teeth 1512 are connected to the image sensor 14 .
  • the movable teeth 1522 can be glued and fixed to the image sensor 14 by adhesive; when a driving voltage is applied to the first electrostatic comb driver 151, the first movable teeth 1512 can move along the first electrostatic force under the action of electrostatic force. For linear movement, when a driving voltage is applied to the second electrostatic comb driver 152, the second movable teeth 1522 can move along the second straight line under the action of electrostatic force.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of force analysis of the electrostatic comb driver provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the force analysis is performed with a single comb tooth, and the principle is as follows:
  • C is the capacitance
  • U is the voltage
  • the electrostatic potential energy between the comb teeth of the movable teeth 42 and the comb teeth of the fixed teeth 41 is:
  • C 1 and C 2 are the equivalent capacitances between the comb teeth of the movable teeth 42 and the comb teeth of the fixed teeth 41
  • U is the voltage between the comb teeth of the movable teeth 42 and the comb teeth of the fixed teeth 41 ;
  • E is the electric field strength
  • U is the voltage
  • d is the distance between the capacitor plates
  • Q is the amount of charge
  • F is the electrostatic force
  • C is the capacitance
  • K x is the elastic coefficient of the elastic beam
  • W 1 and W 2 are the electrostatic potential energy of the upper and lower equivalent capacitances of the comb teeth of the movable teeth and the comb teeth of the fixed teeth, respectively
  • X is the lateral displacement of the comb teeth of the movable teeth 42 .
  • d 1 and d 2 are the upper and lower distances of the comb teeth of the movable teeth and the comb teeth of the fixed teeth, respectively. Therefore, when the electrostatic comb drive has N pairs of electrostatic combs, the electrostatic force is:
  • ⁇ 0 is the vacuum electrostatic constant
  • h is the height of the comb teeth
  • X is the lateral displacement of the comb teeth of the movable teeth 42
  • ⁇ is the pi constant
  • k is the electrostatic force constant.
  • the displacement of the movable teeth 42 can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the DC driving voltage applied to the electrostatic comb driver, so that the displacement of the micrometer level can be achieved, and the precision can even reach the nanometer level.
  • the pixel unit size of 14 is in the order of micrometers, so the electrostatic comb driver is fully capable of controlling the image sensor 14 to achieve displacement of the pixel size level.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement position of the driving assembly 15 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the number of the first electrostatic comb driver 151 and the second electrostatic comb driver 152 is two, and the number of the first electrostatic comb driver 151 and the second electrostatic comb driver 151 is two.
  • the two electrostatic comb drivers 152 are arranged in a field shape, and the orthographic projections of the two first electrostatic comb drivers 151 on the circuit board 13 are centrally symmetric, and the orthographic projections of the two second electrostatic comb drivers 152 on the circuit board 13 It is centrally symmetric; for example, the image sensor 14 is rectangular (including square), then the two first electrostatic comb drivers 151 can be arranged along a diagonal line of the image sensor 14, and the two second electrostatic comb drivers 152 It is arranged along another diagonal line of the image sensor 14 to form a field-shaped distribution. This arrangement can improve the stability of the driving component 15 in driving the image sensor 14, thereby improving the imaging effect.
  • the number of the first electrostatic comb drives 151 and the second electrostatic comb drives 152 may be larger, and their arrangement may be in a symmetrical relationship (eg, center symmetry).
  • the driving component 15 further includes a driving chip 17 , the driving chip 17 is disposed on the circuit board 13 , and the driving chip 17 is connected to the first electrostatic comb driver 151 and the second electrostatic comb driver 151 and the second electrostatic comb driver respectively.
  • the electrostatic comb driver 152 is connected, and the driving chip 17 is used to drive the first electrostatic comb driver 151 and the second electrostatic comb driver 152 to work; that is, the driving chip 17 provides the first electrostatic comb driver 151 and the second electrostatic comb driver 152 through control.
  • the direction and magnitude of the DC driving voltage of the two electrostatic comb drivers 152 can control the displacement and the direction of the displacement of the image sensor 14 .
  • the lens fixing assembly 12 includes a base 123 and a drive motor 122 , and the base 123 is fixed to one side of the circuit board 13 , for example, the base 123 may be cylindrical , and the driving motor 122 is arranged on the base 123, and the driving motor 122 is provided with a mounting groove, and the lens 11 is arranged in the mounting groove to be connected with the driving motor 122.
  • the driving motor 122 can be used to drive the lens 11 on the optical axis of the lens 11. Move up to adjust the focal length.
  • the drive motor 122 may be a voice coil motor.
  • a filter 16 is further arranged between the lens 11 and the image sensor 14 , the filter 16 can be fixed on the base 123 , and the filter 16 is perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens 11 to prevent The light passing through the lens 11 is filtered.
  • the photographing effect can be effectively improved without introducing negative effects, such as improving resolution, dynamic range, color reproduction authenticity, and noise reduction.
  • Another embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes the camera module described in the above embodiment, because the camera module in the above embodiment can realize the pixel size level by controlling the image sensor 14
  • the displacement can effectively improve the photographing effect without introducing negative effects, such as improving resolution, dynamic range, color reproduction authenticity, and reducing noise, etc. Therefore, the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application also has the above beneficial effects. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an imaging method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7 , an embodiment of the present application further provides an imaging method. The imaging method is applied to the camera module described in the foregoing embodiment. The imaging method may include the following steps:
  • Step 71 Use the camera module to acquire the first frame of image, and drive the image sensor through the drive assembly to sequentially move the first frame along the first straight line to the first direction on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens. Setting a distance, moving a second preset distance along a second straight line to a second direction on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens, and moving to a third direction along a first straight line on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens The direction is moved by a third preset distance, corresponding to acquiring the second frame image, the third frame image and the fourth frame image; the third direction is a direction opposite to the first direction.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of RGB pixel arrangement of an image sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of image capturing by a mobile image sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the camera module is first used to obtain the first frame of image, and then the driving component of the camera module is used to obtain the first frame image.
  • the first frame of image includes several square pixel units, and the first preset distance, the second preset distance, and the third preset distance are all a single Positive integer multiple of the side length of the pixel unit.
  • Step 72 Generate a final image according to the first frame image, the second frame image, the third frame image and the fourth frame image.
  • a final image can be generated according to the four frames of images.
  • the step of generating a final image according to the first frame of image, the second frame of image, the third frame of image and the fourth frame of image includes:
  • the several reshot cloth images are fused to generate a final image.
  • the channel data is rearranged to obtain several rearrangement step images. It should be noted that due to the Bayer array arrangement, two frames of rearrangement images will be obtained after the rearrangement of the G channel data; The final image can be obtained by fusing the cloth images.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a processing flow of a photographed image in the prior art.
  • the demosaicing algorithm (De-mosaic algorithm) is used to obtain a single frame of R, G, and B images through the difference, and then the final image is obtained by fusion, while the De-mosaic algorithm is used.
  • It is a digital interpolation method to fill in the signal information that is not obtained in a single channel (for example: the R channel is next to the G channel, if the image sensor is not moved, the red R channel component information is missing at the location of the G channel), which belongs to digital Zoom in, so the final image will not look good.
  • the single-channel data of each position is obtained by directly moving the image sensor, so the resolution, dynamic range, noise reduction, and authenticity of color reproduction can be improved, so the photographing effect can be improved.
  • the execution subject may be an imaging device, or a control module in the imaging for executing the imaging method.
  • the imaging device provided by the embodiments of the present application is described by taking the imaging method performed by the imaging module as an example.
  • the acquisition module is configured to use the camera module to acquire the first frame of image, and to drive the image sensor to move the first frame along the first straight line to the first direction on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens sequentially through the driving component.
  • a preset distance moving a second preset distance along a second straight line on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens in a second direction, and moving along a first straight line on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens Moving in the third direction by a third preset distance, correspondingly acquiring the second frame image, the third frame image and the fourth frame image;
  • the third direction is the opposite direction to the first direction;
  • a generating module configured to generate a final image according to the first frame image, the second frame image, the third frame image and the fourth frame image.
  • the photographing effect can be effectively improved without introducing negative effects, such as improving resolution, dynamic range, color reproduction authenticity, and noise reduction.
  • the imaging device in this embodiment of the present application may be a device, or may be a component, an integrated circuit, or a chip in a terminal.
  • the apparatus may be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device.
  • the mobile electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, an in-vehicle electronic device, a wearable device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, or a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant).
  • UMPC ultra-mobile personal computer
  • assistant, PDA personal digital assistant
  • the non-mobile electronic device may be a personal computer (personal computer, PC), a television (television, TV), a teller machine or a self-service machine, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the imaging device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device with an operating system.
  • the operating system may be an Android (Android) operating system, an ios operating system, or other possible operating systems, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the imaging apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiments in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 , which is not repeated here to avoid repetition.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device 1100, including a processor 1101, a memory 1102, a program or instruction stored in the memory 1102 and executable on the processor 1101,
  • an electronic device 1100 including a processor 1101, a memory 1102, a program or instruction stored in the memory 1102 and executable on the processor 1101,
  • the program or instruction is executed by the processor 1101, each process of the above-mentioned imaging method embodiment can be realized, and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application include the aforementioned mobile electronic devices and non-mobile electronic devices.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device implementing an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 1200 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 1201, a network module 1202, an audio output unit 1203, an input unit 1204, a sensor 1205, a display unit 1206, a user input unit 1207, an interface unit 1208, a memory 1209, and a processor 1210, etc. part.
  • the electronic device 1200 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components, and the power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1210 through a power management system, so as to manage charging, discharging, and power management through the power management system. consumption management and other functions.
  • a power supply such as a battery
  • the structure of the electronic device shown in FIG. 12 does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device.
  • the electronic device may include more or less components than the one shown, or combine some components, or arrange different components, which will not be repeated here. .
  • the sensor 1205 is used to acquire the first frame of image
  • the driving component drives the image sensor to move the image sensor sequentially along the first straight line to the first direction by the first preset distance on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens.
  • the second frame of image is acquired
  • the third frame of image is acquired after moving a second preset distance along the second straight line to the second direction on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens.
  • a fourth frame of image is acquired after moving a third preset distance along the first straight line in a third direction on the plane; the third direction is a direction opposite to the first direction;
  • the processor 1210 is configured to generate a final image according to the first frame image, the second frame image, the third frame image and the fourth frame image.
  • the photographing effect can be effectively improved without introducing negative effects, such as improving resolution, dynamic range, color reproduction authenticity, and noise reduction.
  • the processor 1210 is further configured to obtain the single-channel data of each color in the first frame image, the second frame image, the third frame image and the fourth frame image respectively;
  • the several reshot cloth images are fused to generate a final image.
  • the input unit 1204 may include a graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) 12041 and a microphone 12042. Such as camera) to obtain still pictures or video image data for processing.
  • the display unit 1206 may include a display panel 12061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, or the like.
  • the user input unit 1207 includes a touch panel 12071 and other input devices 12072 .
  • the touch panel 12071 is also called a touch screen.
  • the touch panel 12071 may include two parts, a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • Other input devices 12072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which are not described herein again.
  • Memory 1209 may be used to store software programs as well as various data, including but not limited to application programs and operating systems.
  • the processor 1210 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the like, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It can be understood that, the above-mentioned modulation and demodulation processor may not be integrated into the processor 1210.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, where a program or an instruction is stored on the readable storage medium.
  • a program or an instruction is stored on the readable storage medium.
  • the processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to run a program or an instruction to implement each of the foregoing imaging method embodiments process, and can achieve the same technical effect, in order to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a system-on-chip, a system-on-chip, a system-on-a-chip, or a system-on-a-chip, or the like.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, where the computer program product is stored in a non-volatile storage medium, and the computer program product is executed by at least one processor to implement each process of the above imaging method embodiments , and can achieve the same technical effect, in order to avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.
  • the method of the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or in a part that contributes to the prior art, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD-ROM), including several instructions to make a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.
  • a storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD-ROM

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种摄像头模组、成像方法和电子设备，属于通信技术领域。摄像头模组，所述摄像头模组包括：透镜、透镜固定组件、电路板、图像传感器和驱动组件；透镜固定组件设有安装槽，透镜安装在安装槽内；透镜、透镜固定组件和电路板之间围合形成容置腔体，图像传感器设置于所述容置腔体内，与透镜正对设置，且图像传感器与电路板电连接；驱动组件位于图像传感器和所述电路板之间，驱动组件用于驱动图像传感器在垂直于透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线和第二直线移动。

Description

摄像头模组、成像方法和电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年11月30日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.202011378465.2的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种摄像头模组、成像方法和电子设备。
背景技术
目前，移动终端产品提升拍照效果的主要方案有：一，通过采用大像素来提升感光度；二，通过平台端算法(如：多帧融合)进行图片处理。但是以上两个方案均存在缺陷，对于方案一而言，在相同物理尺寸下，增大像素单元尺寸会导致分辨率降低，而增大物理尺寸则会导致成本增加；对于方案二而言，通过平台算算法进行图片处理则会增加图像处理功耗，延长出图时长等。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种摄像头模组、成像方法和电子设备，能够解决现有技术中在提升拍照效果时带来的成本增加、图像处理功耗增加、出图时长增加的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种摄像头模组，该摄像头模组包括：
透镜、透镜固定组件、电路板、图像传感器和驱动组件；
所述透镜固定组件设置于所述电路板的一侧，所述透镜固定组件设有安装槽，所述透镜安装在所述安装槽内；
所述透镜、所述透镜固定组件和所述电路板之间围合形成容置腔体，所 述图像传感器设置于所述容置腔体内，与所述透镜正对设置，且所述图像传感器与所述电路板电连接；
所述驱动组件位于所述图像传感器和所述电路板之间，所述驱动组件用于驱动所述图像传感器在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线和第二直线移动，其中，所述第一直线和所述第二直线互相垂直。
可选的，所述驱动组件包括至少一个第一静电梳齿驱动器和至少一个第二静电梳齿驱动器，所述第一静电梳齿驱动器用于驱动所述图像传感器在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线移动，所述第二静电梳齿驱动器用于驱动所述图像传感器在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线移动。
可选的，所述第一静电梳齿驱动器包括第一活动齿和第一固定齿，所述第二静电梳齿驱动器包括第二活动齿和第二固定齿，所述第一固定齿和所述第二固定齿与所述电路板连接，所述第一活动齿和所述第二活动齿与所述图像传感器连接，在向所述第一静电梳齿驱动器施加驱动电压的情况下，所述第一活动齿可沿所述第一直线移动，在向所述第二静电梳齿驱动器施加驱动电压的情况下，所述第二活动齿可沿所述第二直线移动。
可选的，所述第一静电梳齿驱动器和所述第二静电梳齿驱动器的数量均为两个，两个所述第一静电梳齿驱动器和两个所述第二静电梳齿驱动器呈田字形设置，且两个所述第一静电梳齿驱动器在所述电路板上的正投影呈中心对称，两个所述第二静电梳齿驱动器在所述电路板上的正投影呈中心对称。
可选的，所述驱动组件还包括驱动芯片，所述驱动芯片设置于所述电路板上，所述驱动芯片分别与所述第一静电梳齿驱动器和所述第二静电梳齿驱动器连接，所述驱动芯片用于驱动所述第一静电梳齿驱动器和所述第二静电梳齿驱动器工作。
可选的，所述透镜固定组件包括底座和驱动马达，所述底座固定于所述电路板的一侧，所述驱动马达设置于所述底座上，所述透镜与所述驱动马达连接，所述驱动马达用于驱动所述透镜在所述透镜的光轴上移动。
可选的，所述透镜和所述图像传感器之间设置有滤波片，所述滤波片垂 直于所述透镜的光轴。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种成像方法，应用于如第一方面所述的摄像头模组，该成像方法包括：
利用所述摄像头模组获取第一帧图像，并通过所述驱动组件驱动图像传感器依次在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第一方向移动第一预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线向第二方向移动第二预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第三方向移动第三预设距离，对应获取到第二帧图像、第三帧图像和第四帧图像；所述第三方向为与所述第一方向相反的方向；
根据所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像。
可选的，所述第一帧图像包括若干个正方形的像素单元，所述第一预设距离、所述第二预设距离和所述第三预设距离均为单个像素单元边长的正整数倍。
可选的，所述根据所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像的步骤包括：
分别获取所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的各颜色的单通道数据；
将所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的相同颜色的单通道数据重新排布，得到若干重排布图像；
将所述若干重拍布图像进行融合，生成最终图像。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括如第一方面所述的摄像头模组。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括处理器、存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第二方面所述的成像方法的步骤。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质 上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如第二方面所述的成像方法的步骤。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如第二方面所述的成像方法。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品被存储在非易失的存储介质中，所述计算机程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如第二方面所述的成像方法。
在本申请实施例中，通过控制图像传感器实现像素尺寸级别的位移，可以在不引入负面影响的情况下有效提升拍照效果，例如提升分辨率、动态范围、色彩还原真实性以及降低噪声等。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中在相同物理尺寸下增大像素单元尺寸的示意图；
图2为现有技术中提升拍照效果的处理算法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种摄像头模组的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的静电梳齿驱动器的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的静电梳齿驱动器的受力分析示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的驱动组件的设置位置示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种成像方法的流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的图像传感器的RGB像素排布示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的移动图像传感器进行图像拍摄的示意图；
图10为现有技术中的拍照图像的处理流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图；
图12为实现本申请实施例的一种电子设备的硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”等所区分的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
下面结合附图，通过具体的实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的摄像头模组、成像方法和电子设备进行详细地说明。
请参考图1，为现有技术中在相同物理尺寸下增大像素单元尺寸的示意图。如图1所示，现有技术中，摄像头提升拍照效果的一种方案是，在物理尺寸不发生变化的前提下增大像素单元的尺寸，像素单元尺寸的增大可以提升感光度，但由此会导致图像传感器的分辨率相应降低，而若要保持较高的分辨率，则摄像头的物理尺寸需要相应增大，这会导致成本增加，同时也使得摄像头占用的体积增大。
请参考图2，为现有技术中提升拍照效果的处理算法的流程示意图。如图2所示，现有技术中，提升拍照效果的另一种方案是，在图像传感器获取连续多帧图像后，在平台侧通过增加效果算法(例如，多帧融合算法)，通过对图像的进一步处理来提升拍照效果，但由此会导致图像处理系统的功耗增加，并且增加算法也会导致图像的处理时间延长。
由此，请参考图3，为本申请实施例提供的一种摄像头模组的结构示意图。如图3所示，本申请一方面实施例提供了一种摄像头模组，该摄像头模组可以包括：透镜11、透镜固定组件12、电路板13、图像传感器14和驱动 组件15，其中，透镜固定组件12设置于电路板13的一侧，在透镜固定组件12上设置有安装槽，透镜11即安装在安装槽内；而透镜11、透镜固定组件12和电路板13三者之间围合形成有一容置腔体，图像传感器14则设置于该容置腔体内，并且图像传感器14与透镜11正对设置，即透镜11的光轴与图像传感器14的感光面垂直，图像传感器14还与电路板13电连接，以在将接收到的光信号转换为电信号后传输至电路板13；驱动组件15则位于图像传感器14和电路板13之间，驱动组件15可以驱动图像传感器14在垂直于透镜11的光轴的平面上沿第一直线和第二直线移动，而所述第一直线和所述第二直线互相垂直，也就是说，驱动组件15可以驱动图像传感器14在电路板13上实现像素尺寸级别的位移，从而图像传感器14可以在拍照过程中实现在不同位置的感光，根据多次感光数据得到最终的图像，可以有效提升拍照效果，并且不会造成其他负面影响。
请参考图4，为本申请实施例提供的静电梳齿驱动器的结构示意图。如图4所示，静电梳齿驱动器包括固定齿41、活动齿42和弹性梁43等，其中，固定齿41呈梳状，活动齿42呈“非”字形，固定齿41和活动齿42上均设置有若干梳齿，且固定齿41和活动齿42的梳齿相互错开；在向静电梳齿驱动器的固定齿41和活动齿42之间施加直流驱动电压的情况下，活动齿42和固定齿41之间会产生静电力，从而驱动活动齿42移动，活动齿42的移动方向如图4箭头所示。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的静电梳齿驱动器指微型电子机械系统(Micro Electro Mechanical System，MEMS)静电梳齿驱动器，以满足图像传感器14的高精度位移。
本申请实施例中，可选的，驱动组件15包括至少一个第一静电梳齿驱动器151和至少一个第二静电梳齿驱动器152，第一静电梳齿驱动器151可以用于驱动图像传感器14在垂直于透镜11的光轴的平面上沿第一直线移动，而第二静电梳齿驱动器152用于驱动图像传感器14在垂直于透镜11的光轴的平面上沿第二直线移动，以使图像传感器14能够在不同方向上进行移动。
本申请实施例中，可选的，第一静电梳齿驱动器151包括第一活动齿1512 和第一固定齿1511，第二静电梳齿驱动器152包括第二活动齿1522和第二固定齿1521，第一固定齿1511和第二固定齿1521与所述电路板13连接，而第一活动齿1512和第二活动齿1522则与图像传感器14连接，可选的，第一活动齿1512和第二活动齿1522可以通过粘胶与图像传感器14粘接固定；在向第一静电梳齿驱动器151施加驱动电压的情况下，所述第一活动齿1512可在静电力的作用下沿所述第一直线移动，在向第二静电梳齿驱动器152施加驱动电压的情况下，所述第二活动齿1522可在静电力的作用下沿所述第二直线移动。
请参考图5，为本申请实施例提供的静电梳齿驱动器的受力分析示意图。如图5所示，在向固定齿41和活动齿42施加直流驱动电压U后，以单个梳齿进行受力分析，原理如下：
(1)由电容器电势能公式：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000001
其中，C为电容量，U为电压，则活动齿42的梳齿和固定齿41的梳齿之间的静电势能为：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000003
其中，C 1、C 2为活动齿42的梳齿和固定齿41的梳齿之间的等效电容，U为活动齿42的梳齿和固定齿41的梳齿之间的电压；
(2)由：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000004
Q＝U*C，
则单个电容器板所受静电力为：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000005
其中，E为电场强度，U为电压，d为电容器板间距，Q为电荷量，F为静电力，C为电容量；
(3)由电势能的变化等于静电力做功，则静电力：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000006
其中，K x为弹性梁的弹性系数，W 1、W 2分别为活动齿的梳齿和固定齿的梳齿的上下等效电容的静电势能，X为活动齿42的梳齿的横向位移，
(4)由电容公式：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000007
则：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000009
其中，d 1、d 2分别为活动齿的梳齿和固定齿的梳齿的上、下间距，故当静电梳齿驱动器具有N对静电梳齿时，静电力：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000010
其中，ε 0为真空静电常数、h为梳齿的高度，X为活动齿42的梳齿的横向位移，π为圆周率常数，k为静电力常数。
由于实际应用中，活动齿42的梳齿在横向运动，因此在垂直方向上，d 1＝d 2，则F y1＝F y2，两者方向相反，互相抵消，因此，当静电梳齿的高度h和间距d为常数时，静电力F X大小只与直流驱动电压U有关，又由胡克定律，可得静电梳齿驱动器具有N对梳齿机构时，通电后活动齿42横向位移：
Figure PCTCN2021132367-appb-000011
从而，通过控制施加给静电梳齿驱动器的直流驱动电压的大小即可控制活动齿42的位移，从而达到微米级别的位移，而精度甚至可达到纳米级别，而由于本申请实施例中的图像传感器14的像素单元尺寸为微米级别，因此静电梳齿驱动器完全能够控制图像传感器14实现像素尺寸级别的位移。
请参考图6，为本申请实施例提供的驱动组件15的设置位置示意图。如图6所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一静电梳齿驱动器151和第二静电梳齿驱动器152的数量均为两个，两个第一静电梳齿驱动器151和两个第二 静电梳齿驱动器152呈田字形设置，且两个第一静电梳齿驱动器151在电路板13上的正投影呈中心对称，两个第二静电梳齿驱动器152在电路板13上的正投影呈中心对称；示例性的，图像传感器14呈矩形(包括正方形)，则两个第一静电梳齿驱动器151可以沿图像传感器14的一条对角线布设，而两个第二静电梳齿驱动器152则沿图像传感器14的另一条对角线布设，以构成田字形分布，这样的布设方式可以提高驱动组件15驱动图像传感器14过程中的平稳性，从而提升成像效果。当然，第一静电梳齿驱动器151和第二静电梳齿驱动器152的数量可以更多，其布设方式可以为呈对称关系(如中心对称)。
请继续参考图6，本申请实施例中，可选的，驱动组件15还包括驱动芯片17，驱动芯片17设置于电路板13上，驱动芯片17分别与第一静电梳齿驱动器151和第二静电梳齿驱动器152连接，驱动芯片17用于驱动第一静电梳齿驱动器151和第二静电梳齿驱动器152工作；也就是说，驱动芯片17通过控制提供给第一静电梳齿驱动器151和第二静电梳齿驱动器152的直流驱动电压的方向和大小，可以实现对图像传感器14的位移和位移的方向的控制。
请继续参考图3，在本申请的另一些实施例中，可选的，透镜固定组件12包括底座123和驱动马达122，底座123固定于电路板13的一侧，例如底座123可以是筒状，而驱动马达122则设置于底座123上，驱动马达122上设置有安装槽，透镜11即设置于安装槽内与驱动马达122连接，驱动马达122可以用于驱动透镜11在透镜11的光轴上移动，实现焦距的调节。可选的，驱动马达122可以是音圈马达。
请继续参考图3，本申请实施例中，透镜11和图像传感器14之间还设置有滤波片16，滤波片16可以固定在底座123上，滤波片16垂直于透镜11的光轴，以对透过透镜11的光进行滤波。
在本申请实施例中，通过控制图像传感器14实现像素尺寸级别的位移，可以在不引入负面影响的情况下有效提升拍照效果，例如提升分辨率、动态范围、色彩还原真实性以及降低噪声等。
本申请另一方面实施例还提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括如上实施例中所述的摄像头模组，由于上述实施例中的摄像头模组可以通过控制图像传感器14实现像素尺寸级别的位移，可以在不引入负面影响的情况下有效提升拍照效果，例如提升分辨率、动态范围、色彩还原真实性以及降低噪声等，因此本申请实施例中的电子设备也对应具有上述有益效果，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
请参考图7，为本申请实施例提供的一种成像方法的流程示意图。如图7所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种成像方法，所述成像方法应用于上述实施例中所述的摄像头模组，所述成像方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤71：利用所述摄像头模组获取第一帧图像，并通过所述驱动组件驱动图像传感器依次在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第一方向移动第一预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线向第二方向移动第二预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第三方向移动第三预设距离，对应获取到第二帧图像、第三帧图像和第四帧图像；所述第三方向为与所述第一方向相反的方向。
请参考图8和图9，图8为本申请实施例提供的图像传感器的RGB像素排布示意图，图9为本申请实施例提供的移动图像传感器进行图像拍摄的示意图。如图8和图9所示，以常规的RGB像素按照拜耳阵列排布方式进行排布为例，该步骤中，首先利用摄像头模组获取第一帧图像，然后，通过摄像头模组的驱动组件驱动图像传感器在垂直于透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第一方向移动第一预设距离，获取第二帧图像，再通过驱动组件驱动图像传感器继续在垂直于透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线向第二方向移动第二预设距离，获取第三帧图像，继续通过驱动组件驱动图像传感器在垂直于透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第三方向移动第三预设距离，获取第四帧图像，其中第三方向为与第一方向相反的方向。
本申请实施例中，可选的，所述第一帧图像包括若干个正方形的像素单元，所述第一预设距离、所述第二预设距离和所述第三预设距离均为单个像 素单元边长的正整数倍。
步骤72：根据所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像。
在驱动图像传感器做像素尺寸级位移得到四帧图像后，即可根据这四帧图像生成最终图像。可选的，所述根据所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像的步骤包括：
分别获取所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的各颜色的单通道数据；
将所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的相同颜色的单通道数据重新排布，得到若干重排布图像；
将所述若干重拍布图像进行融合，生成最终图像。
示例性的，上述步骤中，先获取所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的R通道数据、G通道数据和B通道数据，然后再将所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的R通道数据进行重新排布，G通道数据进行重新排布以及B通道数据进行重新排布，得到若干重排步图像，其中，需要说明的是，由于拜耳阵列排布方式，G通道数据重新排布后将得到两帧重排布图像；最后，将所有重排布图像进行融合处理，即可得到最终的图像。
请参考图10，为现有技术中的拍照图像的处理流程示意图。如图10所示，常规拍照在做图像还原时，是借助去马赛克算法(De-mosaic算法)，经过差值获得单帧R、G、B图像，然后融合获得最终图片，而De-mosaic算法是一种经过数字插值方式实现填充单通道中未获得的信号信息(如：R通道旁边为G通道，在未移动图像传感器情况下，G通道所在位置就缺少红色R通道分量信息)，属于数码放大，因此最终的成像效果不佳。而本申请实施例中，是通过直接移动图像传感器实现获取每一个位置的单通道数据，所以可以提升分辨率，动态范围，降低噪声，提升色彩还原的真实性，因此可以提升拍照效果。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的成像方法，执行主体可以为成像装置，或者该成像中的用于执行成像方法的控制模块。本申请实施例中以成像模块执行成像方法为例，说明本申请实施例提供的成像装置。
本申请实施例提供的成像装置可以包括：
获取模块，用于利用所述摄像头模组获取第一帧图像，并通过所述驱动组件驱动图像传感器依次在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第一方向移动第一预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线向第二方向移动第二预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第三方向移动第三预设距离，对应获取到第二帧图像、第三帧图像和第四帧图像；所述第三方向为与所述第一方向相反的方向；
生成模块，用于根据所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像。
在本申请实施例中，通过控制图像传感器实现像素尺寸级别的位移，可以在不引入负面影响的情况下有效提升拍照效果，例如提升分辨率、动态范围、色彩还原真实性以及降低噪声等。
本申请实施例中的成像装置可以是装置，也可以是终端中的部件、集成电路、或芯片。该装置可以是移动电子设备，也可以为非移动电子设备。示例性的，移动电子设备可以为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、车载电子设备、可穿戴设备、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、上网本或者个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)等，非移动电子设备可以为个人计算机(personal computer，PC)、电视机(television，TV)、柜员机或者自助机等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例中的成像装置可以为具有操作系统的装置。该操作系统可以为安卓(Android)操作系统，可以为ios操作系统，还可以为其他可能的操作系统，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的成像装置能够实现图7至图9的方法实施例实现的各个过程，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
可选的，如图11所示，本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备1100，包括处理器1101，存储器1102，存储在存储器1102上并可在所述处理器1101上运行的程序或指令，该程序或指令被处理器1101执行时实现上述成像方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的电子设备包括上述所述的移动电子设备和非移动电子设备。
图12为实现本申请实施例的一种电子设备的硬件结构示意图。
该电子设备1200包括但不限于：射频单元1201、网络模块1202、音频输出单元1203、输入单元1204、传感器1205、显示单元1206、用户输入单元1207、接口单元1208、存储器1209、以及处理器1210等部件。
本领域技术人员可以理解，电子设备1200还可以包括给各个部件供电的电源(比如电池)，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器1210逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。图12中示出的电子设备结构并不构成对电子设备的限定，电子设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置，在此不再赘述。
其中，传感器1205，用于获取第一帧图像，并在所述驱动组件驱动图像传感器依次在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第一方向移动第一预设距离后获取第二帧图像、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线向第二方向移动第二预设距离后获取第三帧图像、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第三方向移动第三预设距离后获取第四帧图像；所述第三方向为与所述第一方向相反的方向；
处理器1210，用于根据所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像。
在本申请实施例中，通过控制图像传感器实现像素尺寸级别的位移，可以在不引入负面影响的情况下有效提升拍照效果，例如提升分辨率、动态范围、色彩还原真实性以及降低噪声等。
可选的，处理器1210，还用于分别获取所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图 像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的各颜色的单通道数据；
将所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的相同颜色的单通道数据重新排布，得到若干重排布图像；
将所述若干重拍布图像进行融合，生成最终图像。
应理解的是，本申请实施例中，输入单元1204可以包括图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)12041和麦克风12042，图形处理器12041对在视频捕获模式或图像捕获模式中由图像捕获装置(如摄像头)获得的静态图片或视频的图像数据进行处理。显示单元1206可包括显示面板12061，可以采用液晶显示器、有机发光二极管等形式来配置显示面板12061。用户输入单元1207包括触控面板12071以及其他输入设备12072。触控面板12071，也称为触摸屏。触控面板12071可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其他输入设备12072可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆，在此不再赘述。存储器1209可用于存储软件程序以及各种数据，包括但不限于应用程序和操作系统。处理器1210可集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器1210中。
本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有程序或指令，该程序或指令被处理器执行时实现上述成像方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
其中，所述处理器为上述实施例中所述的电子设备中的处理器。所述可读存储介质，包括计算机可读存储介质，如计算机只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等。
本申请实施例另提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现上述成像方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里 不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片、系统芯片、芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
本申请实施例另提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品被存储在非易失的存储介质中，所述计算机程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现上述成像方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去、或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，空调器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的， 本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种摄像头模组，包括：透镜、透镜固定组件、电路板、图像传感器和驱动组件；
    所述透镜固定组件设置于所述电路板的一侧，所述透镜固定组件设有安装槽，所述透镜安装在所述安装槽内；
    所述透镜、所述透镜固定组件和所述电路板之间围合形成容置腔体，所述图像传感器设置于所述容置腔体内，与所述透镜正对设置，且所述图像传感器与所述电路板电连接；
    所述驱动组件位于所述图像传感器和所述电路板之间，所述驱动组件用于驱动所述图像传感器在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线和第二直线移动，其中，所述第一直线和所述第二直线互相垂直。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其中，所述驱动组件包括至少一个第一静电梳齿驱动器和至少一个第二静电梳齿驱动器，所述第一静电梳齿驱动器用于驱动所述图像传感器在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线移动，所述第二静电梳齿驱动器用于驱动所述图像传感器在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线移动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组，其中，所述第一静电梳齿驱动器包括第一活动齿和第一固定齿，所述第二静电梳齿驱动器包括第二活动齿和第二固定齿，所述第一固定齿和所述第二固定齿与所述电路板连接，所述第一活动齿和所述第二活动齿与所述图像传感器连接，在向所述第一静电梳齿驱动器施加驱动电压的情况下，所述第一活动齿可沿所述第一直线移动，在向所述第二静电梳齿驱动器施加驱动电压的情况下，所述第二活动齿可沿所述第二直线移动。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组，其中，所述第一静电梳齿驱动器和所述第二静电梳齿驱动器的数量均为两个，两个所述第一静电梳齿驱动器 和两个所述第二静电梳齿驱动器呈田字形设置，且两个所述第一静电梳齿驱动器在所述电路板上的正投影呈中心对称，两个所述第二静电梳齿驱动器在所述电路板上的正投影呈中心对称。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组，其中，所述驱动组件还包括驱动芯片，所述驱动芯片设置于所述电路板上，所述驱动芯片分别与所述第一静电梳齿驱动器和所述第二静电梳齿驱动器连接，所述驱动芯片用于驱动所述第一静电梳齿驱动器和所述第二静电梳齿驱动器工作。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其中，所述透镜固定组件包括底座和驱动马达，所述底座固定于所述电路板的一侧，所述驱动马达设置于所述底座上，所述透镜与所述驱动马达连接，所述驱动马达用于驱动所述透镜在所述透镜的光轴上移动。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其中，所述透镜和所述图像传感器之间设置有滤波片，所述滤波片垂直于所述透镜的光轴。
  8. 一种成像方法，应用于如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的摄像头模组，所述成像方法包括：
    利用所述摄像头模组获取第一帧图像，并通过所述驱动组件驱动图像传感器依次在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第一方向移动第一预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第二直线向第二方向移动第二预设距离、在垂直于所述透镜的光轴的平面上沿第一直线向第三方向移动第三预设距离，对应获取到第二帧图像、第三帧图像和第四帧图像；所述第三方向为与所述第一方向相反的方向；
    根据所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的成像方法，其中，所述第一帧图像包括若干个正方形的像素单元，所述第一预设距离、所述第二预设距离和所述第三预设距离均为单个像素单元边长的正整数倍。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的成像方法，其中，所述根据所述第一帧图像、 所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像，生成最终图像的步骤包括：
    分别获取所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的各颜色的单通道数据；
    将所述第一帧图像、所述第二帧图像、所述第三帧图像和所述第四帧图像中的相同颜色的单通道数据重新排布，得到若干重排布图像；
    将所述若干重拍布图像进行融合，生成最终图像。
  11. 一种电子设备，包括如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的摄像头模组。
  12. 一种电子设备，包括处理器，存储器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，其中，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求8-10中任一项所述的成像方法的步骤。
  13. 一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，其中，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求8-10中任一项所述的成像方法的步骤。
  14. 一种芯片，包括处理器和通信接口，其中，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如权利要求8-10中任一项所述的成像方法的步骤。
  15. 一种计算机程序产品，其中，所述程序产品被存储在非易失的存储介质中，所述程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如权利要求8-10中任一项所述的成像方法的步骤。
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