WO2022111616A1 - 抗cldn18.2抗体、药物偶联物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

抗cldn18.2抗体、药物偶联物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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WO2022111616A1
WO2022111616A1 PCT/CN2021/133376 CN2021133376W WO2022111616A1 WO 2022111616 A1 WO2022111616 A1 WO 2022111616A1 CN 2021133376 W CN2021133376 W CN 2021133376W WO 2022111616 A1 WO2022111616 A1 WO 2022111616A1
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Prior art keywords
cancer
antibody
conjugate
syjs001
adc
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French (fr)
Inventor
惠希武
孙召朋
曹卫荣
姚兵
刘伯宁
胡喜新
袁灿
李文宾
王艳翠
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CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co Ltd
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CSPC Megalith Biopharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2023555694A priority Critical patent/JP7699216B2/ja
Priority to EP21897116.6A priority patent/EP4252782A4/en
Priority to AU2021388643A priority patent/AU2021388643B2/en
Priority to KR1020237018251A priority patent/KR20230135045A/ko
Priority to CA3200465A priority patent/CA3200465A1/en
Priority to US18/039,393 priority patent/US20230414774A1/en
Priority to IL303273A priority patent/IL303273A/en
Priority to CN202180079632.XA priority patent/CN116669730B/zh
Publication of WO2022111616A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022111616A1/zh
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    • A61K47/6851—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment the modifying agent being an antibody or an immunoglobulin bearing at least one antigen-binding site the antibody targeting a determinant of a tumour cell
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    • A61K47/6889—Conjugates wherein the antibody being the modifying agent and wherein the linker, binder or spacer confers particular properties to the conjugates, e.g. peptidic enzyme-labile linkers or acid-labile linkers, providing for an acid-labile immuno conjugate wherein the drug may be released from its antibody conjugated part in an acidic, e.g. tumoural or environment
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    • C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin

Definitions

  • the present application generally relates to the field of biomedicine, and particularly to anti-CLDN18.2 antibodies, related conjugates (eg, antibody-drug conjugates) and their use in the treatment or prevention of tumors.
  • TJs Tight junctions
  • Claudin protein is a skeletal protein that constitutes tight junctions. Its abnormal expression can lead to structural damage and functional impairment of epithelial cells and endothelial cells, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
  • the Claudin gene family includes 24 members, and the members are highly conserved in function in evolution.
  • the molecular mass of Claudin is 22-27kD.
  • Each Claudin molecule has the same structure, Claudin is widely distributed in normal tissues and different tumor tissues, and there is differential expression. Abnormal expressions of several Claudin proteins have also been found in gastric precancerous lesions and gastric cancers and are associated with prognosis.
  • the humanized Claudin18 gene has two different first exons, so two splice variants Claudin18.1 (hereinafter referred to as CLDN18.1) and Claudin18.2 (hereinafter referred to as CLDN18.2) can be produced.
  • the amino acid sequences of human CLDN18.1 and 18.2 are both 261 amino acid residues in length, and they are different in 21 amino acid residues in the 0-70 amino acid residues; the two isoforms of CLDN18 are carried out in different tissues respectively.
  • CLDN18.1 and CLDN18.2 are very similar in structure, their expression in tumors is quite different.
  • CLDN18.1 is only expressed in the lung, while CLDN18.2 is expressed in the Limited expression in the stomach; in tumor tissue, CLDN18.1 is not significantly expressed in the lung, while CLDN18.2 is up-regulated in gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer and other cancers, such as when gastric epithelial tissue occurs During malignant transformation, the disturbance of cell polarity will lead to the exposure of the epitope of CLDN18.2 protein on the cell surface.
  • the CLDN18.2 gene is also abnormally activated, highly selectively and stably expressed in specific tumor tissues, and participates in the proliferation, differentiation and migration of tumor cells, making it a potential effective molecular target for anti-tumor drugs.
  • the global annual incidence of gastric cancer is 13.86/100,000. A large proportion of patients have reached the middle and advanced stages at the time of diagnosis, and the recovery after surgery is extremely unsatisfactory. In addition, the elderly have a high morbidity rate, with an average overall survival of less than one year and a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%.
  • Pancreatic cancer is also one of the most malignant tumors, with a median survival time of less than 6 months and a 5-year overall survival rate of less than 6%.
  • CLDN18.2 is an excellent target for digestive tract cancer and pancreatic cancer, since CLDN18.1 and CLDN18.2 have a difference of 7 amino acid residues in the sequence of about 50 amino acids in the extracellular domain ECD1, how to Designing antibodies that only specifically recognize CLDN18.2 but not CLDN18.1 has become a difficult problem in the development of monoclonal antibodies against this target.
  • Antibody-drug conjugates (also known as antibody-drug conjugates) belong to a new class of anti-cancer biomissile drugs, which are mainly composed of three parts: an antibody, a drug molecule, and a linker connecting the two.
  • the antibody-drug conjugate uses the targeting property of the monoclonal antibody to specifically recognize the receptor targeted by the antibody on the surface of the cancer cell, and interact with the receptor. It binds and then enters the interior of the cell, using the protease in the cell to release the drug, preventing the cancer cell from multiplying and killing the cancer cell.
  • Antibody-drug conjugation technology integrates small-molecule drugs and biological proteins, and has the advantages of both, enhancing drug efficacy and reducing toxic and side effects, becoming a new generation of therapeutic products.
  • ADC drugs including Seattle's Adcetris, Genentech's Kadcyla and Polivy, Wyeth's Besponsa and Mylotarg, AstraZeneca's Lumoxiti and Enhertu, and immunomedics' Trodelvy. So far, there are no ADC drugs developed in China on the market.
  • the present application provides a conjugate comprising an anti-CLDN18.2 antibody of the present application or an antigen-binding fragment of the antibody coupled to one or more drug molecules.
  • the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the conjugate of the first aspect and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present application provides use of the conjugate described in the first aspect or the pharmaceutical composition described in the second aspect in the preparation of a medicament for treating or preventing cancer.
  • the application provides a method of treating cancer in an individual, comprising administering to the individual suffering from the cancer a therapeutically effective amount of the conjugate of the first aspect or the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect.
  • the application provides a medical article (eg, a kit) comprising the conjugate of the first aspect or the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect.
  • the present application provides the use of the conjugate described in the first aspect and an anti-proliferative agent in the preparation of a medicament for treating tumors.
  • the application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the conjugate of the first aspect and an antiproliferative agent.
  • the present application provides a method of treating a tumor in an individual, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the conjugate of the first aspect or the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect and an antiproliferative agent to patients with the individual tumor.
  • the present application provides an anti-CLDN18.2 antibody or an antigen-binding fragment of the antibody, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody or antigen-binding fragment, pharmaceutical use of the antibody or antigen-binding fragment, and use of the Methods of treating tumors/cancers with antibodies or antigen-binding fragments.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the Claudin protein structure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of SYJS001 ADC, in which L&D represents the part of the linker (Linker, "L") + drug molecule (Drug, "D"), the L&D on the right shows the complete structure, and the circle marked part represents the linker in the L&D Attached to the amide bond of the antibody.
  • the SYJS001 ADC shown in this application is a site-specific antibody-drug conjugate, each molecule is composed of one anti-CLDN18.2 fully human monoclonal antibody (SYJS001mAb) at the Q298 amino acid of each heavy chain (that is, Kabat numbering).
  • the MMAE derivative of 1 molecule is coupled through the linker (NH 2 -PEG 3 -Val-Cit), the connection between the antibody and the linker is a stable amide bond (isopeptide bond), and the average ratio of drug molecule to antibody (DAR) ) is 2.0, and the relative molecular weight is 150KD.
  • Figure 3 shows the plasmid map of pGenHT1.0-DGV.
  • Figure 4 shows the identification diagram of SYJS001 in pGenHT1.0-DGV plasmid double digestion, wherein lane M: KB Ladder; lane 1: supercoiled state; lane 2: linearized plasmid formed by digestion with PvuI; lane 3: AscI /The heavy chain, light chain fragments and remaining fragments formed by PmLI digestion.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the SYJS001 in pGenHT1.0-DGV plasmid.
  • Figure 6 shows the SYJS001 ADC modification rate identification profile, in which the peaks at 4.89 and 95.11 represent anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody and anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate, respectively.
  • Figure 7 shows the SYJS001 ADC DAR distribution identification map.
  • Figure 8 shows the binding curve of SYJS001 ADC to cells expressing human, murine and monkey CLDN18.2.
  • Figure 9 shows the results of cross-reactivity experiments with the SYJS001 antibody.
  • Figure 10 shows the results of the specific binding experiment of SYJS001 ADC with CLDN18.2 protein.
  • Figure 11 shows the observation of endocytosis of SYJS001 ADC in HEK293-CLDN18.2 cells.
  • Figure 12 shows the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of SYJS001 naked antibody and SYJS001 ADC on NCI-N87-CLDN18.2, wherein group 1: SYJS001 ADC (square dots), group 2: SYJS001 naked antibody (circle dots).
  • Figure 13 shows the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of SYJS001 naked antibody and SYJS001 ADC on KATO III, wherein group 1: SYJS001 ADC (square dots), group 2: SYJS001 naked antibody (circle dots).
  • Figure 14 shows the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of SYJS001 naked antibody and SYJS001 ADC on NCI-H460-CLDN18.2, wherein group 1: SYJS001 ADC (square dots); group 2: SYJS001 naked antibody (circle dots).
  • Figure 15 shows the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of SYJS001 naked antibody and SYJS001 ADC on NUGC4-CLDN18.2, wherein group 1: SYJS001 ADC (square dots); group 2: SYJS001 naked antibody (circle dots).
  • Figure 16 shows the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of SYJS001 naked antibody and SYJS001 ADC on PATU8988S, wherein group 1: SYJS001 ADC (square dots); group 2: SYJS001 naked antibody (circle dots).
  • Figure 17 shows the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of SYJS001 naked antibody and SYJS001 ADC on BxPC-3-CLDN18.2, wherein group 1: SYJS001 ADC (square dots); group 2: SYJS001 naked antibody (circle dots).
  • Figure 18 shows the in vivo tumor suppressive effect of SYJS001 ADC on BxPC-3-CLDN18.2 (compared to gemcitabine).
  • Figure 19 shows the in vivo tumor suppressive effect of SYJS001 ADC on NUGC4-CLDN18.2 (compared to cisplatin).
  • Figure 20 shows the in vivo tumor inhibitory effect of SYJS001 ADC on BxPC-3-CLDN18.2 (compared to IMAB362-ADC).
  • Figure 21 shows the in vivo tumor suppressive effect of SYJS001 ADC on NUGC4-CLDN18.2 (compared to IMAB362-ADC).
  • Figure 22 shows the results of the MMAE release and bystander effect experiments.
  • Figure 23 shows the experimental results of the affinity comparison between SYJS001 and IMAB362.
  • Figure 24 shows the experimental results comparing the endocytosis rates of SYJS001 and IMAB362.
  • Figure 25 shows the results of in vitro cell inhibition experiments (adenocarcinoma cell model) of SYJS001 ADC and IMAB362 ADC.
  • Figure 26 shows the results of in vitro cell inhibition experiments (gastric cancer cell model) of SYJS001 ADC and IMAB362 ADC.
  • the terms “pharmaceutical composition”, “combination drug” and “drug combination” are used interchangeably and refer to at least one drug and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or combination of excipients.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions include temporally and/or spatially separated combinations so long as they work together to achieve the purposes of the present application.
  • the components contained in the pharmaceutical composition eg, antibodies, nucleic acid molecules, combinations of nucleic acid molecules, and/or conjugates according to the present application
  • the ingredients contained in the pharmaceutical composition may be administered to a subject as a whole, or separately.
  • the ingredients contained in the pharmaceutical composition are administered to a subject separately, the ingredients may be administered to the subject simultaneously or sequentially.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is water, aqueous buffer solution, isotonic saline solution such as PBS (phosphate buffered saline), glucose, mannitol, dextrose, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, cellulose, carbonic acid Magnesium, 0.3% glycerin, hyaluronic acid, ethanol or polyalkylene glycols such as polypropylene glycol, triglycerides, etc.
  • the type of pharmaceutically acceptable carrier used depends inter alia on whether the composition according to the application is formulated for oral, nasal, intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administration.
  • the compositions according to the present application may comprise wetting agents, emulsifiers or buffer substances as additives.
  • compositions, vaccine or pharmaceutical formulation according to the present application may be administered by any suitable route, eg orally, nasally, intradermally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously.
  • a “therapeutically effective amount” or “effective amount” refers to a dose sufficient to demonstrate benefit to the subject to which it is administered.
  • the actual amount administered, as well as the rate and time course of administration, will depend on the individual condition and severity of the subject being treated. Prescribing treatment (e.g. decisions on dosage, etc.) is ultimately the responsibility and reliance on general practitioners and other physicians to make decisions, usually taking into account the disease being treated, the individual patient's condition, the site of delivery, the method of administration, and what is known to the physician. other factors known.
  • subject refers to mammals, such as humans, but can also be other animals, such as wild animals (eg herons, storks, cranes, etc.), domestic animals (eg ducks, geese, etc.) or experimental animals (eg orangutan, monkey, rat, mouse, rabbit, guinea pig, marmot, ground squirrel, etc.).
  • wild animals eg herons, storks, cranes, etc.
  • domestic animals eg ducks, geese, etc.
  • experimental animals eg orangutan, monkey, rat, mouse, rabbit, guinea pig, marmot, ground squirrel, etc.
  • antibody broadly encompasses whole antibodies and any antigen-binding fragment ("antigen-binding portion") or single-chain form thereof.
  • Fral length/intact antibody refers to a protein comprising at least two heavy (H) chains and two light (L) chains interconnected by disulfide bonds. Each heavy chain contains a heavy chain variable region (abbreviated as VH) and a heavy chain constant region. The heavy chain constant region contains three domains, CH1, CH2 and CH3. Each light chain comprises a light chain variable region (abbreviated as VL) and a light chain constant region comprising one domain, CL.
  • VH and VL regions can also be subdivided into regions of high variability, called complementarity determining regions (CDRs), interspersed with more conserved regions called framework regions (FRs).
  • CDRs complementarity determining regions
  • FRs framework regions
  • Each VH and VL consists of three CDRs and four FRs, arranged from amino terminus to carboxy terminus in the following order: FR1, CDR1, FR2, CDR2, FR3, CDR3, FR4.
  • These variable regions of heavy and light chains contain binding domains that interact with antigens.
  • the constant regions of antibodies mediate the binding of immunoglobulins to host tissues or factors, including various cells of the immune system (eg, effector cells) and the first component (Clq) of the classical complement system.
  • a full length/intact antibody can be of any class, such as IgD, IgE, IgG, IgA or IgM (or a subclass of the above), but the antibody need not belong to any particular class.
  • Immunoglobulins can be assigned to different classes based on the antibody amino acid sequence of the constant domains of the heavy chains. Generally, there are five main classes of immunoglobulins: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, and several of these classes can be further divided into subclasses (isotypes), such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgA1 and IgA2.
  • the heavy chain constant domains that correspond to the different classes of immunoglobulins are called alpha, delta, epsilon, gamma, and mu, respectively.
  • the subunit structures and three-dimensional structures of different classes of immunoglobulins are well known.
  • Complementarity determining regions are the regions in the variable region that have the greatest impact on the affinity and specificity of antibodies.
  • the CDR sequences of VH or VL are defined in a number of common ways, including IMGT, Chothia definition, and Kabat definition.
  • the CDR sequences in the VH and VL sequences can be determined according to the IMGT, Chothia definitions or Kabat definitions.
  • humanized antibody refers to an antibody that may comprise CDR regions derived from a human antibody and the other portions of the antibody molecule derived from one (or several) human antibodies. Furthermore, some residues of the backbone (referred to as FR) segments may be modified in order to retain binding affinity; humanized antibodies or fragments thereof according to the present application may be prepared by techniques known to those skilled in the art;
  • half-humanized antibody refers to a humanized antibody or a fully humanized antibody in which one antibody chain comprises murine variable regions (as in chimeric antibodies) and the other antibody chain comprises human antibodies against variable regions.
  • chimeric antibody refers to an antibody in which the variable region sequences are from one species and the constant region sequences are from another species, eg, an antibody in which the variable region sequences are from a mouse antibody and the constant region sequences are from a human antibody.
  • Chimeric antibodies or fragments thereof according to the present application can be prepared by using genetic recombination techniques.
  • the chimeric antibody can be produced by cloning recombinant DNA comprising a promoter and sequences encoding the variable regions of non-human, especially murine monoclonal antibodies according to the present application, and sequences encoding the constant regions of human antibodies .
  • the chimeric antibody of the present application encoded by such a recombinant gene will be, for example, a murine-human chimera, the specificity of which is determined by variable regions derived from murine DNA, and whose isotype is determined by variable regions derived from human DNA. constant region to determine.
  • a murine-human chimera the specificity of which is determined by variable regions derived from murine DNA, and whose isotype is determined by variable regions derived from human DNA. constant region to determine.
  • monoclonal antibody refers to a preparation of antibody molecules having a single molecular composition. Monoclonal antibody compositions exhibit a single binding specificity and affinity for a particular epitope.
  • bispecific antibody refers to an antibody that has the ability to bind two epitopes simultaneously.
  • the two epitopes can be on different antigens or on the same antigen.
  • Bispecific antibodies can have a variety of structural configurations.
  • a bispecific antibody may consist of two Fc fragments and two binding moieties fused to each (similar to a natural antibody, except that the two arms bind different antigenic targets or epitopes), and the antigen binding moiety may be a single chain Antibody (scfv) or Fab fragment.
  • antigen-binding fragment as used herein especially refers to antibody fragments such as Fv, scFv (sc refers to single chain), Fab, F(ab') 2 , Fab', scFv-Fc fragment or diabody, or Any fragment that should be able to increase half-life by chemical modification, such as the addition of poly(alkylene) glycols such as polyethylene glycol (“pegylation, PEGylation”), or by incorporation into liposomes ) (referred to as PEGylated fragments of Fv-PEG, scFv-PEG, Fab-PEG, F(ab') 2 -PEG or Fab'-PEG) ("PEG” is polyethylene glycol).
  • the antigen-binding fragment of the anti-CLDN18.2 antibody of the present application has CLDN18.2-binding activity.
  • an antigen-binding fragment consisting of or comprising a partial sequence of the heavy or light variable chain of the antibody from which it is derived, which partial sequence is sufficient to retain the same binding specificity and sufficient affinity as the antibody from which it is derived, such antigen-binding fragment It will contain a minimum of 5 amino acids, preferably 10, 15, 25, 50 and 100 contiguous amino acids of the antibody sequence from which it is derived.
  • antigen-binding fragments include, but are not limited to: (1) Fab fragments, which may be monovalent fragments having a VL-CL chain and a VH-CH1 chain; (2) F(ab') 2 fragments, which may be two A bivalent fragment of a Fab' fragment, the two Fab' fragments are connected by a disulfide bridge in the hinge region (ie, a dimer of the Fab'); (3) an Fv fragment with the VL and VH domains of the one-armed antibody; ( 4) Single chain Fv (scFv), which can be a single polypeptide chain consisting of a VH domain and a VL domain via a peptide linker; and (5) (scFv) 2 , which can comprise two VH domains connected by a peptide linker and two VL domains that are combined with the two VH domains via a disulfide bridge.
  • Fab fragments which may be monovalent fragments having a VL-CL chain and a V
  • Fc fragment refers to a portion of the constant region of an antibody heavy chain, including the hinge region, the CH2 fragment and the CH3 fragment of the constant region.
  • homology/identity/identity in relation to amino acid or nucleic acid sequences is defined as the percentage of identical residues in an amino acid or nucleotide sequence variant after sequence alignment and introduction of gaps, if desired, up to Maximum percent homology. Methods and computer programs for alignment are well known in the art.
  • binding refers to a non-random binding reaction between two molecules, such as the binding of an antibody to an epitope.
  • the inventors of the present application first obtained an anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody, which can bind to CLDN18.2 on CLDN18.2-positive cells and internalize efficiently, and is very suitable for the development of ADCs.
  • the inventors of the present application found that when NH 2 -PEG 3 -Val-Cit was used as the linker, good stability of the linker and drug molecule conjugation was achieved, so that the humanized antibody was linked to the small molecule drug through the linker. (For example: MMAE) coupling, the obtained ADC drug has a strong killing effect on CLDN18.2 high-expressing cancer cells, especially pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer and lung cancer cells, and has good stability.
  • the application provides an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof capable of specifically binding CLDN18.2.
  • the antibody comprises a heavy chain and a light chain, wherein (i) the heavy chain comprises three CDR regions, wherein the amino acid sequence of at least one of the CDR regions has the amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3 the amino acid sequence shown or a sequence having at least 80% (preferably 85%, 90%, 95%, 98% or 99%) sequence identity therewith; and/or (ii) the light chain comprises three CDR regions, wherein The amino acid sequence of at least one of said CDR regions has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, 5 or 6 or has at least 80% (preferably 85%, 90%, 95%, 98% or 99%) sequence identity thereto sexual sequence.
  • the antibody comprises a heavy chain and a light chain, wherein (i) the heavy chain comprises three CDR regions having the CDR regions set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2 and 3, respectively amino acid sequence; and/or (ii) the light chain comprises three CDR regions having the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 5 and 6, respectively.
  • the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present application are isolated.
  • the heavy chain comprises the heavy chain variable region of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:7, and/or the light chain may comprise the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:8. variable area.
  • the heavy chain comprises the heavy chain of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:9, and/or the light chain comprises the light chain of the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:10.
  • the antibodies of the present application are monoclonal antibodies.
  • the antibodies of the present application are diabodies.
  • one arm of a diabody can be an antigen-binding fragment (eg, Fab or scfv) of an anti-CLDN18.2 antibody described herein, and the other arm can be targeted to other antigens (eg, other antigens that can be used for ADC construction) target) or an antigen-binding fragment (eg, Fab or scfv) that targets another CLDN18.2 epitope (different from the CLDN18.2 binding epitope of the anti-CLDN18.2 antibodies described herein).
  • an antigen-binding fragment eg, Fab or scfv
  • the other arm can be targeted to other antigens (eg, other antigens that can be used for ADC construction) target) or an antigen-binding fragment (eg, Fab or scfv) that targets another CLDN18.2 epitope (different from the CLDN18.2 binding epitope of the anti-CLDN18.2
  • the antibodies of the present application are humanized antibodies, including semi-humanized antibodies and fully human antibodies.
  • the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present application have ADCC activity.
  • the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present application have CDC activity.
  • an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the present application specifically binds CLDN18.2 and does not substantially bind CLDN18.1.
  • the antibody comprises a heavy chain constant region selected from the group consisting of IgGl subtype, IgG2 subtype, or IgG4 subtype.
  • the heavy chain constant region of the antibody can be of human IgGl subtype, human IgG2 subtype, human IgG4 subtype, murine IgGl subtype, or murine IgG2a subtype.
  • the heavy chain constant region is of the IgGl subtype, ie, the antibody is of the IgGl type.
  • the antibody comprises a light chain constant region selected from a kappa subtype or a lambda subtype.
  • the light chain constant region of the antibody can be of human kappa, human lambda, murine kappa, or murine lambda subtype.
  • the antibodies of the present application are IgGl kappa antibodies.
  • the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof of the present application may be used to treat or prevent cancer, wherein the cancer overexpresses CLDN18.2.
  • the antibody having the ability to bind CLDN18.2 binds to the native epitope of CLDN18.2 present on the surface of living cells. In one embodiment, the antibody having the ability to bind to CLDN18.2 binds to the extracellular domain of CLDN18.2. In one embodiment, the antibody having the ability to bind to CLDN18.2 binds to the first extracellular region of CLDN18.2.
  • the application provides isolated polynucleotides encoding the antibodies of the application.
  • the application provides a combination of isolated polynucleotides comprising a polynucleotide encoding a light chain of an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the application and a heavy chain encoding an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the application of polynucleotides.
  • the application provides an expression vector comprising a polynucleotide described herein or a combination of polynucleotides described herein, the polynucleotide and the polypeptide that allow the encoded polypeptide to be expressed in a host cell or The regulatory sequences expressed in the cell-free expression system are operably linked.
  • the host cell may be a prokaryotic host cell, a eukaryotic host cell, or a bacteriophage.
  • the prokaryotic host cell can be Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces or Proteus mirabilis and the like.
  • Described eukaryotic host cells can be fungi such as Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichoderma, insect cells such as armyworm, plant cells such as tobacco, BHK cells, CHO cells, Mammalian cells such as COS cells and myeloma cells.
  • the host cells described herein are preferably mammalian cells, more preferably BHK cells, CHO cells, NSO cells or COS cells.
  • the present application provides an antibody-drug conjugate comprising an anti-CLDN18.2 antibody of the present application or an antigen-binding fragment thereof conjugated to one or more drug molecules. See above for a description of embodiments and technical features of the anti-CLDN18.2 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof of the present application.
  • the drug molecule is an anticancer drug.
  • the drug molecules can be selected according to the target disease.
  • Types of anticancer drugs include, but are not limited to, cytotoxic drugs, immune enhancers, or radioisotopes.
  • types of cytotoxic drugs include tubulin inhibitors (eg, alkaloids), DNA topoisomerase inhibitors, DNA damaging agents, antimetabolites, or antineoplastic antibiotics.
  • tubulin inhibitors include, but are not limited to, auristatin derivatives (eg, MMAE (Monomethyl auristatin E), MMAF (Monomethyl auristatin F)) or maytansine derivatives (eg, DM1, DM4, Ansamitocin, Mertansine or dolastatin and derivatives thereof).
  • auristatin derivatives eg, MMAE (Monomethyl auristatin E), MMAF (Monomethyl auristatin F)
  • maytansine derivatives eg, DM1, DM4, Ansamitocin, Mertansine or dolastatin and derivatives thereof.
  • the DNA topoisomerase inhibitor is a camptothecin analog or a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor and derivatives thereof, eg, DXD, SN38, irinotecan, irinotecan hydrochloride, Camptothecin, 9-Aminocamptothecin, 9-Nitrocamptothecin, 10-Hydroxycamptothecin, 9-Chloro-10-Hydroxycamptothecin, 22-Hydroxycamptothecin, Topotecan, Leucine Totecan, Belotecan, Ixinotecan, Homosilatecan, 6,8-Dibromo-2-methyl-3-[2-(D-xylopyranosylamino)benzene [methyl]-4(3H)-quinazolinone, 2-cyano-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-N-(phenylmethyl)-(2E)-2-acrylamide, 2 -
  • DNA damaging agents include, but are not limited to, calicheamicins, duocarmycins, pyrrolobenzodiazepines (pyrrolobenzodiazepines, pyrrolobenzodiazepines, duocarmycins) ).
  • immunopotentiating agents include, but are not limited to, levamisole, pidotimod, imiquimod, isoprinosine, polyinosinic acid, or polymyosine Glycosides.
  • antimetabolites include, but are not limited to, methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine, or 5-fluorouracil.
  • antitumor antibiotics include, but are not limited to, polypeptide antibiotics (eg, actinomycin D or bleomycin) or anthraquinones (eg, doxorubicin or mitoxantrone hydrochloride).
  • polypeptide antibiotics eg, actinomycin D or bleomycin
  • anthraquinones eg, doxorubicin or mitoxantrone hydrochloride
  • radioisotopes include, but are not limited to, 211At , 131I , 125I , 90Y , 186Re , 188Re , 153Sm , 212Bi , 32P , 60Co , or177Lu .
  • the antibody having the ability to bind to CLDN18.2 is covalently linked to the drug moiety through a linker.
  • the linker is a cleavable linker.
  • the linker is cleavable under intracellular conditions.
  • the linker is hydrolyzable at a pH of less than 5.5.
  • the linker is cleavable by intracellular proteases.
  • the linker is a cathepsin-cleavable linker.
  • the linker comprises a dipeptide.
  • the dipeptide is valine (Val)-citrulline (Cit).
  • the antibody is linked to a linker through a cysteine sulfhydryl group of the antibody. In one embodiment, the antibody is linked to a linker through an amino group of the antibody, particularly an amino group of a glutamine residue.
  • Non-limiting examples of linkers include mc-Val-Cit-pAB, mc-Val-Cit-pABC, mc-Val-Cit, NH2- (PEG) m -Val-Cit, NH2- (PEG) m -Val -Cit-pAB, where m is an integer from 1 to 8.
  • the antibody-drug conjugates described herein have the following general formula Ab-(LU)n, wherein Ab represents the antibody targeting CLDN18.2 of the present application, and L is a linker (eg: NH 2- (PEG)m-Val-Cit, NH2- (PEG)m-Val-Cit-pAB, NH2- (PEG)m-Val-Cit-pABC, mc-Val-Cit-pAB or Val-Cit , where m represents the number of PEG, which can be an integer from 1 to 8), U is the drug (for example: DM1, DM4, MMAE, MMAF, DXD and SN38), n is the drug antibody ratio (Drug Antibody Ration, DAR),
  • the DAR value can be an average value, and can be any value from 1 to 8 (not limited to integers, but also decimals), preferably an integer from 1 to 8, preferably 2, 4, 6, 8, more preferably 2.
  • the application provides a pharmaceutical formulation (eg, a pharmaceutical composition) comprising the antibody-drug conjugate of the application, and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier or excipient.
  • a pharmaceutical formulation eg, a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent, carrier or excipient e.g., a pharmaceutical composition
  • the application provides a medical preparation comprising the antibody-drug conjugate of the application.
  • the medical article is in the form of a kit comprising a container containing an antibody-drug conjugate of the present application.
  • the medical article further comprises printed instructions for use of the article in a method of treating or preventing cancer, particularly a cancer expressing CLDN18.2.
  • the antibody-drug conjugates provided herein can effectively treat and/or prevent cancers associated with cells expressing CLDN18.2 (CLDN18.2 positive).
  • the cancer may be gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer (eg, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)), ovarian cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, or gallbladder cancer, and metastases of the aforementioned cancers, Especially gastric cancer metastasis, peritoneal metastasis and lymph node metastasis.
  • Cancers suitable for treatment with the antibody-drug conjugates provided herein can be adenocarcinomas of the stomach, esophagus, pancreatic duct, bile duct, lung and ovary, and the antibody-drug conjugates provided herein are especially suitable for gastric cancer, pancreas cancer treatment.
  • the present application also provides a number of inventions related to the above-mentioned therapeutic uses.
  • the application provides the use of an antibody-conjugate as described above in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of cancer.
  • the present application provides a method of treating cancer in an individual comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody-conjugate described above or a pharmaceutical formulation or pharmaceutical composition comprising the conjugate to a patient suffering from the disease. individuals with cancer.
  • the application provides the use of the antibody-conjugates described above with an antiproliferative agent in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of tumors, such as the cancers described above.
  • the application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody-conjugate described above and an antiproliferative agent.
  • the present application provides a method of treating a tumor in an individual comprising combining a therapeutically effective amount of the antibody-conjugate described above or a pharmaceutical formulation or pharmaceutical composition comprising the antibody-conjugate with an antiproliferative The agent is administered to an individual having the tumor.
  • antiproliferative agents include, but are not limited to, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, docetaxel, cisplatin, carboplatin, iproplatin.
  • the antiproliferative agent can also be other antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, or fusion proteins.
  • the anti-CLDN18.2 antibodies used in this application were generated by immunizing human Ig transgenic mice. Transgenic mice were immunized with CHO cells or 3T3 cells transfected with human CLDN18.2. Immunogens were injected intraperitoneally (IP), subcutaneously (SC), footpad (fp) or tail of mice. The immune response was tested by periodically measuring the anti-CLDN18.2 titers in mouse plasma. Mice whose plasma had sufficient anti-CLDN18.2 titers were used for hybridoma fusions. Immunity boosting was also performed by injecting the immunogen into the peritoneum, footpad, or tail vein of the mouse before the final removal of the mouse spleen and lymph nodes.
  • Sera from immunized mice were screened by fluorescence flow cytometry (FACS) to select mice that produced antibodies that bind CLDN18.2.
  • FACS fluorescence flow cytometry
  • Cell lines expressing CLDN18.2 (CHO or 3T3) were first incubated with serially diluted immunized mouse sera, and then specific antibody binding was detected with PE fluorescently labeled anti-mouse IgG Ab, which was analyzed by fluorescence flow cytometry ( iQue plus, Sartorius).
  • mouse sera were also confirmed by imaging tests.
  • CHO (or 3T3 cells) expressing CLDN18.2 were incubated by dilution of serum from immunized mice, cells were washed, fixed with formaldehyde, washed, and specific antibody binding was detected with Alexa488 fluorescently labeled goat anti-mouse antibody. Scanned and analyzed on a cell imager (Cytation 5, Biotek). After confirming that the mice producing antibodies that bind to CLDN18.2, the spleens and lymph nodes were taken from the immunized mice, lymphocytes were isolated, and fused to mouse myeloma cells Sp2/0 (ATCC, CRL 1581) by electrofusion, thereby The resulting hybridomas were screened for anti-CLDN18.2 specific antibodies.
  • Hybridoma cells produced by electrofusion after immunization of mice were plated in flat-bottomed 96-well tissue culture plates, each well containing one or several hybridoma cells.
  • Hybridoma supernatants from individual wells were detected by cell imaging, and the supernatants of clones secreting positive antibodies bound specifically to CLDN18.2-transfected CHO cells, but not to CLDN18.1-transfected CHO cells and CHO cells.
  • Hybridomas secreting positive antibodies were transferred to 24-well plates and screened again for confirmation. After confirmation, the positive antibody hybridomas were sorted by monoclonal using a single cell sorter. 96 subclones were sorted for each positive hybridoma and screened again for confirmation. Positive subclones producing preliminary candidate molecules are cultured for sequencing by in vitro expansion, small amounts of antibody produced by positive subclones are used for purification, and antibody characterization validation.
  • the obtained antibody SYJS001 the relevant sequence is as follows:
  • the plasmid vector pGenHT1.0-DGV used for the expression of SYJS001 mAb was provided by Nanjing GenScript Biotechnology Co., Ltd. ("GenScript" for short).
  • the vector map is shown in Figure 3, and the key element information is shown in Table 2:
  • Table 2 Information on key elements of pGenHT1.0-DGV vector
  • the artificially synthesized heavy chain was named SYJS001-HC.
  • the NruI endonuclease site was introduced at the 5' end
  • the PmLI endonuclease site was introduced at the 3' end
  • the Kozak sequence was introduced after the NruI endonuclease site at the 5' end
  • the expression cassette for the heavy chain is designed as:
  • the synthetic light chain was named SYJS001-LC.
  • an AscI endonuclease site was introduced at the 5' end of the light chain
  • a FseI endonuclease site was introduced at the 3' end
  • a Kozak sequence was introduced behind the 5' end AscI endonuclease site
  • a signal peptide sequence ( amino acid 19): MGWSCIILFLVATATGVHS (SEQ ID NO: 19).
  • the expression box of the light chain is designed as:
  • the insertion site of SYJS001-HC is the downstream polyclonal NruI/PmLI site of the pGenHT1.0-DGV vector, and the insertion site of SYJS001-LC is the upstream polyclonal AscI/FseI site.
  • the promoters of the two multiple cloning sites were both CMV, and the heavy and light chains were constructed on the same empty vector.
  • the PCR amplification product SYJS001-HC and the plasmid vector pGenHT1.0-DGV were subjected to NruI/PmLI double digestion and ligation transformation, and positive clones were screened by Kan+ resistance marker to obtain the correct recombinant heavy chain expression vector, named: SYJS001 -HC in pGenHT1.0-DGV.
  • the light chain SYJS001-LC and SYJS001-HC in pGenHT1.0-DGV were subjected to double digestion, ligation transformation and clone screening with AscI/FseI, and positive clones were identified by double digestion with AscI/PmLI (see Fig.
  • SYJS001 in pGenHT1.0-DGV its structural schematic diagram is shown in Figure 5.
  • the obtained recombinant plasmid was electrotransfected into host cell CHO K1 to obtain a stable cell line with high expression of SYJS001 antibody protein.
  • amino acid sequence of the transglutaminase actually used is as follows:
  • Sample loading Take 10 ⁇ g SYJS001 ADC sample and load it on a chromatographic column (Agilient PLRP-S, 5 ⁇ m, 2.1mm*50mm)
  • Example 5 Flow cytometry detection of the binding ability of SYJS001 ADC to CLDN18.2 protein
  • Overexpressing cell lines (HEK293-human CLDN18.2, HEK293 mouse CLDN18.2, cynomolgus GLDN18.2, CHO-K1) were incubated with SYJS001 ADC samples at different concentrations, and then incubated with IgG-conjugated secondary antibodies (goat anti-human). IgG (H+L) cross-adsorbed secondary antibody) was incubated, and the fluorescence signal values at different concentrations were detected by flow cytometry to analyze the binding ability of the samples to CLDN18.2 of different species.
  • the initial concentration of the protein sample SYJS001 ADC was 45 ⁇ g/ml, with 3-fold gradient dilution, and a total of 11 gradients were diluted. 100 ⁇ l of different concentrations of antibodies were incubated with cells expressing human, mouse and cynomolgus monkey CLDN18.2 (1 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml, 100 ⁇ l/well) at 4°C for 1.5 h, and the cells were washed to remove unbound samples. Goat anti-human IgG (H+L) cross-adsorbed secondary antibody (1:1000 dilution) was added and incubated at 4°C for 1 h.
  • the CHOK1-CLDN18.2 and HEK293-CLDN18.1 cells were cultured in the corresponding complete medium, and passaged for 2-3 days; when the cell confluence reached 90%, the cell density was adjusted to 2-3 ⁇ with the complete medium 10 6 cells/mL, insert the cell suspension into the flow 96-well assay plate with a multi-channel pipette, 100 ⁇ L per well; centrifuge at 2500 rpm for 5 min, discard the supernatant; wash twice with 2% FBS/PBS; The monoclonal antibody was diluted with 2% FBS/PBS buffer, the initial concentration of naked antibody was 6 ⁇ g/ml, 3-fold gradient dilution, a total of 8 gradients, 2 duplicate wells were set for each drug concentration, and the corresponding blank control was set .
  • the HEK293-CLDN18.2 cells were cultured in the corresponding complete medium, and passaged for 2-3 days; when the cell confluence reached 90%, the cell density was adjusted to 2-3 ⁇ 10 6 cells/mL with the complete medium, and Insert the cell suspension into the flow 96-well assay plate with a multi-channel pipette, 100 ⁇ L per well; centrifuge at 2500 rpm for 5 min, discard the supernatant; wash twice with 2% FBS/PBS; SYJS001 mAb and SYJS001 ADC were respectively used 2% FBS/PBS buffer was used for dilution, the initial concentration of ADC was 15 ⁇ g/ml, 3-fold gradient dilution, a total of 11 gradients, 2 duplicate wells were set for each drug concentration, and a corresponding blank control was set.
  • Embodiment 7 Endocytosis verification experiment of SYJS001 ADC
  • HEK293-CLDN18.2 cells and resuspend cells in DMEM complete medium resuspend target cells to a single cell suspension by gentle pipetting several times, and use trypan blue staining to identify cell viability and cell count; adjust cell density to 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells/ml; 100 ⁇ l per well was seeded in a confocal 96-well plate cell culture dish, the number of cells seeded in each well was 1 ⁇ 10 4 , and SYJS001 labeled with Zenon TM pHrodo TM iFL was added to the 96-well plate, Its final concentration was 2 ⁇ g/ml, and then placed in a 37°C, 5% CO 2 incubator for continuous incubation for 24 hours. All images were observed and captured with a 20X objective of a laser confocal microscope.
  • Example 8 Inhibitory effect of SYJS001 naked antibody and ADC on the growth of different cells
  • Experimental steps collect target cells and resuspend into single cell suspension, trypan blue staining to identify cell viability and cell count; adjust cell density to 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells/ml; add 100 ⁇ l per well to a 96-well black flat-bottom cell culture plate ; Add 20 ⁇ l per well of the diluted test product to the 96-well black flat-bottomed cell culture plate inoculated with cells; place it in a cell incubator (37°C, 5% CO 2 ) and incubate for 66 ⁇ 3hr; add resazurin sodium solution (w/v 0.03%), 20 ⁇ l per well; 3-4h at 37°C, read the fluorescence value at 550nm/610nm with a microplate reader, use Magellan6 or similar mapping software to draw a graph, and fit the reference standard and sample half Inhibitory concentration IC50 .
  • the output parameter C is IC50 in ng/mL.
  • SYJS001 ADC has a significant inhibitory effect on gastric cancer cells, lung cancer cells, and human pancreatic cancer cells that overexpress CLDN18.2.
  • the inhibitory effect is weak.
  • the tumor diameter was measured twice a week, the weight of the mice was weighed, the data were recorded, and the tumor growth was dynamically observed by measuring the tumor diameter at different times after administration. At the end of the experiment on the 28th day, the mice were asphyxiated with carbon dioxide, and the tumors were removed and weighed.
  • the SYJS001-ADC 4 and 8mg/kg (single administration) groups had more significant inhibitory effects on tumors, especially the 8mg/kg group, the inhibitory effect was nearly 2-fold (p ⁇ 0.001) (see Figure 18).
  • human gastric cancer NUGC-4-18.2 was used to construct a nude mouse transplanted tumor model.
  • the tumor volume reached about 120 mm (the 6th day after inoculation)
  • 64 animals with good tumor growth were selected, and the animals were divided according to the tumor volume.
  • the animals were evenly divided into 8 groups (day 0), 8 animals in each group were given 0.9% sodium chloride injection (0.9% INJ NS, solvent control group) intravenously; SYJS001-ADC 1, 2, 4 mg/kg (qw ⁇ 3); 4, 8 mg/kg (single dose); SYJS001-mAb 4 mg/kg (qw ⁇ 3); Cisplatin 6 mg/kg (qw ⁇ 3, once a week for 3 weeks) .
  • the tumor diameter was measured twice a week, the weight of the mice was weighed, and the data were recorded. By measuring the tumor diameter at different times after administration, the growth of the tumor was dynamically observed. The experiment was ended on the 20th day. After the animals were asphyxiated by carbon dioxide, the tumors were peeled off and weighed.
  • IMAB362 (also known as claudiximab, Zolbetuximab) is a reported chimeric monoclonal antibody of the IgG1 subtype that selectively targets the first extracellular domain of CLDN18. 1 has little activity and was chosen as the control antibody in this experiment.
  • the human pancreatic cancer Bxpc3-18.2 nude mouse transplanted tumor model was selected in this experiment. When the tumor volume grew to about 100 mm ( 39 days after inoculation), 64 animals with good tumor growth were selected, and the animals were balanced according to the tumor volume.
  • IMAB362-ADC IMAB362 sequence reference patent CN201680021997.6, gene synthesis was completed in Nanjing GenScript Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and protein expression was transiently expressed using the KOP293 transient transfection protein expression system of Zhuhai Kairui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. , see its official website for specific steps.
  • the animals were evenly divided into 8 groups (day 0), and 8 animals in each group were intravenously administered 0.9% sodium chloride injection (0.9% INJ NS, solvent control group) SYJS001-ADC 0.5, 1, 2, 4 mg/kg ( single dose); IMAB362-ADC 0.5, 1, 2, 4 mg/kg (single dose); SYJS001-mAb 4 mg/kg (single dose); tumor diameter was measured twice a week and weighed The body weight of the mice was recorded, the data were recorded, and the tumor growth changes were dynamically observed by measuring the tumor diameter at different times after administration. The experiment was ended on the 20th day. After the animals were asphyxiated by carbon dioxide, the tumors were peeled off and weighed.
  • the positive group BxPC-3-CLDN18.2 and HEK293-Luc cells were co-cultured with SYJS001 ADC for 4 days, and the number of HEK293-Luc in the mixed cells was indicated by chemiluminescence color development, which was different from the negative group.
  • three concentration points including: 5 ⁇ g/ml, 1 ⁇ g/ml, and 200ng/ml can induce HEK293-Luc cell proliferation inhibition to varying degrees; this indicates that the positive group BxPC -3-Human CLDN18.2 can bind to SYJS001 ADC, and then enter into cells through endocytosis.
  • MMAE released in the cells can realize the apoptosis of BxPC-3-human CLDN18.2.
  • MMAE can cause growth inhibition of bystander cells, and the specific results are shown in Figure 22. It can be seen that MMAE can be efficiently released from SYJS001 ADC and exert cytotoxic activity against neighboring cells due to its membrane permeability, resulting in a bystander effect.
  • the anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody obtained in the present application can specifically bind to CLDN18.2 in CLDN18.2-positive cells and is efficiently internalized, and the ADC drug obtained in the present application is effective against pancreas. Cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer represented by tumor cells have a strong killing effect.
  • the purpose of this experiment was to investigate the in vitro metabolic stability of SYJS001-ADC in plasma and serum of different species (human, cynomolgus monkey and SD rat).
  • the incubation concentration of SYJS001-ADC was 100 ⁇ g/mL, and incubated under sterile conditions at 37°C for 0-168h (7 days).
  • the concentration of MMAE was detected by LC-MS/MS method.
  • the concentration results of MMAE in 0.5% BSA-PBS, human plasma, cynomolgus monkey plasma and SD rat plasma are shown in Table 5-Table 8.
  • SYJS001-ADC was incubated in 0.5% BSA-PBS, human plasma, cynomolgus monkey plasma and SD rat plasma at 37 °C for 168 h (7 days). The percentages of shedding were 0.672%, 0.327%, 0.209% and 0.405%, respectively. Experiments showed that the shedding rate of MMAE on SYJS001-ADC was less than 1.0%, indicating that SYJS001-ADC was relatively stable in 0.5% BSA-PBS, human plasma, cynomolgus monkey plasma and SD rat plasma.
  • SYJS001-ADC was stored in buffer solution (its components include: w/v 5% L-histidine, 25% L-histidine hydrochloride) at 2°C to 8°C, placed for different times, and then detected. stability, the results are shown in the table below.
  • the free toxin of IMAB362-ADC (IMAB362-vcMMAE) reached 0.3% in 28 days (see Table 7 of CN 107667118A), which is much higher than the 0.000026% of the drug SYJS001-ADC in the application for 3 months, indicating that the stability of SYJS001-ADC is much better than IMAB362-ADC.
  • Example 12 Comparative study of SYJS001 and IMAB362
  • Octet epitope pairing was used to detect the epitope competition between SYJS001-ADC and IMAB362-ADC, 5 ⁇ g/ml human CLDN18.2 protein was immobilized on the HIS1K capture sensor, Loading 180s; the two antibodies were diluted to 100nM, after immobilization The sensor first binds to one of the antibodies (Association) for 180s, and then binds to the second antibody (Association) for 180s, and detects the binding signal of the second antibody to determine whether the two antibodies recognize the same epitope. Results: 60%-100%: no competition at all; 20%-60%: partial competition; ⁇ 20%: complete competition, the two antibodies were considered to be in competition. The results are shown in the table below (Table 10), the SYJS001-ADC and IMAB362-ADC epitopes are perfectly competitive.
  • BxPC3-CLDN18.2 cells were seeded in a 6-well plate, and the number of cells in each well was about 4-6 ⁇ 10 5 cells; transferred to an incubator and cultured overnight at 37°C in 5% CO 2 ; cultured in complete medium (DMEM (Hyclone , Cat. No.: SH30243.01) + 10% FBS (Gibco, Cat. No.: 10091-148) + 1 ⁇ g/ml puromycin (Gibco, Cat.
  • the cell viability and cell count were identified by staining; the cell density was adjusted to 1 ⁇ 10 5 cells/ml; 100 ⁇ l per well was added to a 96-well black flat-bottom cell culture plate; the initial concentration of the antibody was 5 ⁇ g/ml, 2-fold serial dilution, a total of 11 gradients; add 20 ⁇ l of the diluted test substance to each well of the 96-well black flat-bottom cell culture plate that has been seeded with cells; co-culture the antibody and cells, and incubate in a cell incubator (37°C, 5% CO 2 ) for 63 -69hr; after incubation, add resazurin sodium solution (w/v 0.03%), 20 ⁇ l per
  • the output parameter C is IC50 in ng/mL.
  • the output parameter C is IC50 in ng/mL.
  • the SYJS001-ADC obtained in this application was significantly better than the control IMAB362-ADC in terms of stability, relevant antibody affinity, endocytosis efficiency, and tumor cell inhibition in vitro and in vivo.

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Abstract

本申请提供抗CLDN18.2抗体及从所述抗体制备的抗体-药物缀合物，该抗体或抗体-药物缀合物能够有效治疗CLDN18.2阳性肿瘤，包括但不限于以胃癌和胰腺癌为代表的癌症。

Description

抗CLDN18.2抗体、药物偶联物及其制备方法和用途
相关申请
本申请要求2020年11月30日提交的发明名称为“抗CLDN18.2抗体、药物偶联物及其制备方法和用途”的中国专利申请202011385844.4号的优先权，通过援引加入的方式将该专利申请的全文整体并入本文，用于所有目的。
技术领域
本申请大体涉及生物医药领域，尤其涉及抗CLDN18.2抗体、相关缀合物(例如抗体-药物偶联物)及其在治疗或预防肿瘤方面的用途。
背景技术
紧密连接(tight junction，TJs)是正常上皮细胞与细胞黏附的重要功能组成部分，它们通过机械的方式连接细胞，形成上皮屏障，阻止细胞间的大分子运输，维持上皮细胞极性。构成紧密连接的蛋白主要有Claudin(也称为闭合蛋白、密封蛋白、紧密连接蛋白等，为避免任何歧义，本说明书使用英文名称Claudin或简写CLDN)、Occludin、ZO-1、ZO-2、ZO-3、cingulin、Pals1、MUPP1，其中Claudin蛋白和Occludin蛋白是最关键的蛋白。
Claudin蛋白是构成紧密连接的骨架蛋白，其异常表达可导致上皮细胞、内皮细胞结构破坏、功能受损，可能在多种疾病的发病过程中起重要作用。截止目前，已发现Claudin基因家族包括24个成员，且成员之间在进化上呈功能高度保守性。Claudin的分子质量为22-27kD。每个Claudin分子均具有相同的结构，Claudin广泛分布于正常组织和不同肿瘤组织，且存在差异性的表达。在胃癌前病变和胃癌中也发现几种Claudin蛋白表达异常，并与预后有关。
人源化Claudin18基因具有2个不同的第一外显子，所以可产生两种剪切变体Claudin18.1(以下简称CLDN18.1)和Claudin18.2(以下简称CLDN18.2)。人CLDN18.1和18.2的氨基酸序列长度都是261个氨基酸残基，它们在0-70位氨基酸残基中有21个氨基酸残基不一样；CLDN18的两种亚型分别在不同的组织中进行转录扩增，其中CLDN18.1在正常肺的细胞中选择性表达，而CLDN18.2在正常胃中的表达局限于已分化的胃上皮短寿细胞。
科学研究表明：虽然CLDN18.1与CLDN18.2在结构上极为相似，但它们在肿瘤中的表达大不相同，例如：在正常组织中，CLDN18.1只在肺中表达，而CLDN18.2在胃中有限表达；在肿瘤组织中，CLDN18.1在肺中并没有发生明显的高表达，而CLDN18.2在胃癌、食管癌、胰腺癌等癌种中表达发生上调，如当胃上皮组织发生恶性转化时，细胞极性的紊乱将导致细胞表面的CLDN18.2蛋白表位暴露。同时，CLDN18.2基因也会出现异常激活，高度选择性、稳定地表达于特定肿瘤组织，参与肿瘤细胞的增殖分化和迁移，这使其成为潜在的抗肿瘤药物有效分子靶点。
胃癌在全球范围内的年发病率为13.86/100,000，很大比例的患者在确诊时已达到中晚期，手术后的恢复令人极不满意。此外，老年人的发病率高，总生存时间平均短于一年，5年存活率不到20％。
胰腺癌也是当前恶性程度最高的肿瘤之一，其中位生存时间小于6个月，5年整体生存率小于6％。
基于CLDN18.2为靶点进行抗肿瘤药物的研发已在全球如火如荼的进行当中，目前靶向CLDN18.2的项目众多(约28个)，项目类型包括靶向CLDN18.2的单抗、双抗及CAR-T，所有项目中研发进度最快的是Ganymed公司(已被Astellas收购)的单克隆抗体Claudiximab(收购后名称为Zolbetuximab)，其胃癌适应症试验已进行到三期临床阶段。进入临床阶段的项目共9个，大部分均处于临床前阶段，治疗效果存在很大的不确定性。基于目前的数据，尚未发现靶向CLDN18.2的抗体-药物缀合物(ADC)相关临床研究的报道。
虽然CLDN18.2是消化道癌、胰腺癌较为优秀的靶点，然而由于CLDN18.1与CLDN18.2在胞外结构域ECD1约50个氨基酸的序列上有7个氨基酸残基的差异，因此如何设计只特异性识别CLDN18.2而不识别CLDN18.1的抗体成为了该靶点单抗药物开发的难题。
此外，总体而言，单克隆抗体治疗虽然具有靶点特异性高、副作用低等特点，但是单独使用的疗效比较有限。因此，大多数单抗药物都与化疗药物联合使用，目前提高单抗疗效的主要途径是抗体-药物缀合物。抗体-药物缀合物(也称为抗体-药物偶联物)属于一类新型抗癌生物导弹药物，主要由三部分组成：抗体，药物分子与连接两者的接头。通过化学偶联方式将单克隆抗体与药物偶联后，抗体-药物缀合物利用单克隆抗体的靶向性，特异性地识别癌细胞表面的抗体所靶向的受体，并与受体结合，然后进入到细胞内部，利用细胞内的蛋白酶释放药物，阻止癌细胞繁殖，并杀灭癌细胞。抗体-药物偶联技术使小分子药物与生物蛋白融为一体，兼具二者之长，增强药效，并减少毒副作用，成为新一代治疗产品。
截至2020年9月，FDA共批准了9款ADC药物上市，包括Seattle的Adcetris、Genentech的Kadcyla和Polivy、Wyeth的Besponsa和Mylotarg，阿斯利康的Lumoxiti和Enhertu，immunomedics的Trodelvy。目前尚未有中国研发的ADC药物上市。
无论是单独的抗体药物还是抗体-药物缀合物都是前景非常好的药物类型，在医药领域亟需更深入的研究和开发。
发明内容
第一方面，本申请提供了缀合物，所述缀合物包含偶联有一个或多个药物分子的本申请的抗CLDN18.2抗体或所述抗体的抗原结合片段。
第二方面，本申请提供了药物组合物，其包含第一方面所述的缀合物以及可药用载体。
第三方面，本申请提供了第一方面所述的缀合物或第二方面所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗或预防癌症的药物中的用途。
第四方面，本申请提供了治疗个体中癌症的方法，包括将治疗有效量的第一方面所述的缀合物或第二方面所述的药物组合物施用于患有所述癌症的个体。
第五方面，本申请提供了医用制品(例如药盒)，其包含第一方面所述的缀合物或第二方面所述的药物组合物。
第六方面，本申请提供了第一方面所述的缀合物与抗增生剂在制备治疗肿瘤药物中的用途。
第七方面，本申请提供了药物组合物，所述药物组合物包含第一方面所述的缀合物和抗增生剂。
第八方面，本申请提供了治疗个体中肿瘤的方法，包括将治疗有效量的第一方面所述的缀合物或第二方面所述的药物组合物与抗增生剂施用于患有所述肿瘤的个体。
第九方面，本申请提供了抗CLDN18.2抗体或所述抗体的抗原结合片段，包含所述抗体或抗原结合片段的药物组合物，所述抗体或抗原结合片段的制药用途，以及使用所述抗体或抗原结合片段治疗肿瘤/癌症的方法。
附图说明
图1显示了Claudin蛋白结构示意图。
图2显示了SYJS001 ADC结构示意图，其中L&D表示接头(Linker，“L”)+药物分子(Drug，“D”)的部分，右侧的L&D展示了完整结构，圆圈标记部分表示L&D中的接头与抗体的酰胺键连接。本申请展示的SYJS001 ADC是位点特异性的抗体药物偶联物，每个分子由1个抗CLDN18.2全人源单克隆抗体(SYJS001mAb)在每条重链的Q298位氨基酸(即Kabat编号Q295)通过接头(NH 2-PEG 3-Val-Cit)偶联1分子的MMAE衍生物，抗体与接头的连接方式为稳定的酰胺键(异肽键)，药物分子与抗体的平均比值(DAR)为2.0， 相对分子量大小为150KD。
图3显示了pGenHT1.0-DGV的质粒图谱。
图4显示了SYJS001 in pGenHT1.0-DGV质粒双酶切鉴定图，其中泳道M:KB Ladder；泳道1:超螺旋状态；泳道2:经PvuI酶切形成的线性化质粒；泳道3:经AscI/PmLI酶切形成的重链、轻链片段及剩余片段。
图5显示了SYJS001 in pGenHT1.0-DGV质粒示意图。
图6显示了SYJS001 ADC修饰率鉴定图谱，其中4.89和95.11的峰分别代表抗CLDN18.2单克隆抗体和抗CLDN18.2单克隆抗体-药物缀合物。
图7显示了SYJS001 ADC DAR分布鉴定图谱。
图8显示了SYJS001 ADC与表达人源、鼠源、猴源CLDN18.2细胞结合曲线。
图9显示了SYJS001抗体的交叉反应性实验结果。
图10显示了SYJS001 ADC与CLDN18.2蛋白的特异性结合实验结果。
图11显示了SYJS001 ADC在HEK293-CLDN18.2细胞中的内吞观察。
图12显示了SYJS001裸抗和SYJS001 ADC对NCI-N87-CLDN18.2的体外生长抑制作用，其中组1：SYJS001 ADC(方点)，组2：SYJS001裸抗(圆点)。
图13显示了SYJS001裸抗和SYJS001 ADC对KATOⅢ的体外生长抑制作用，其中组1：SYJS001 ADC(方点)，组2：SYJS001裸抗(圆点)。
图14显示了SYJS001裸抗和SYJS001 ADC对NCI-H460-CLDN18.2的体外生长抑制作用，其中组1：SYJS001 ADC(方点)；组2：SYJS001裸抗(圆点)。
图15显示了SYJS001裸抗和SYJS001 ADC对NUGC4-CLDN18.2的体外生长抑制作用，其中组1：SYJS001 ADC(方点)；组2：SYJS001裸抗(圆点)。
图16显示了SYJS001裸抗和SYJS001 ADC对PATU8988S的体外生长抑制作用，其中组1：SYJS001 ADC(方点)；组2：SYJS001裸抗(圆点)。
图17显示了SYJS001裸抗和SYJS001 ADC对BxPC-3-CLDN18.2的体外生长抑制作用，其中组1：SYJS001 ADC(方点)；组2：SYJS001裸抗(圆点)。
图18显示了SYJS001 ADC对BxPC-3-CLDN18.2的体内抑瘤作用(相比于吉西他滨)。
图19显示了SYJS001 ADC对NUGC4-CLDN18.2的体内抑瘤作用(相比于顺铂)。
图20显示了SYJS001 ADC对BxPC-3-CLDN18.2的体内抑瘤作用(相比于IMAB362-ADC)。
图21显示了SYJS001 ADC对NUGC4-CLDN18.2的体内抑瘤作用(相比于IMAB362-ADC)。
图22显示了MMAE释放与旁观者效应实验结果。
图23显示了SYJS001与IMAB362亲和力比较实验结果。
图24显示了SYJS001与IMAB362内吞率比较实验结果。
图25显示了SYJS001 ADC与IMAB362 ADC体外抑制细胞实验结果(腺癌细胞模型)。
图26显示了SYJS001 ADC与IMAB362 ADC体外抑制细胞实验结果(胃癌细胞模型)。
发明详细描述
定义
除非另有定义，本文使用的所有科技术语具有本领域普通技术人员所理解的相同含义。关于本领域的定义及术语，专业人员具体可参考Current Protocols in Molecular Biology(Ausubel)。氨基酸残基的缩写是本领域中所用的指代20个常用L-氨基酸之一的标准3字母和/或1字母代码。
尽管本申请的广义范围所示的数字范围和参数近似值，但是具体实施方案中所示的数值 尽可能准确的进行记载。然而，任何数值本来就必然含有一定的误差，其是由它们各自的测量中存在的标准偏差所致。另外，本文公开的所有范围应理解为涵盖其中包含的任何和所有子范围。例如记载的“1至10”的范围应认为包含最小值1和最大值10之间(包含端点)的任何和所有子范围；也就是说，所有以最小值1或更大起始的子范围，例如1至6.1，以及以最大值10或更小终止的子范围，例如5.5至10。另外，任何称为“并入本文”的参考文献应理解为以其整体并入。
本文使用的术语“药物组合物”、“组合药物”和“药物组合”可互换地使用，其表示组合在一起以实现某种特定目的的至少一种药物以及任选地可药用载体或辅料的组合。在某些实施方案中，所述药物组合物包括在时间和/或空间上分开的组合，只要其能够共同作用以实现本申请的目的。例如，所述药物组合物中所含的成分(例如根据本申请的抗体、核酸分子、核酸分子组合和/或缀合物)可以以整体施用于对象，或者分开施用于对象。当所述药物组合物中所含的成分分开地施用于对象时，所述成分可以同时或依次施用于对象。优选地，所述可药用载体是水、缓冲水溶液、等渗盐溶液如PBS(磷酸盐缓冲液)、葡萄糖、甘露醇、右旋葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉、硬脂酸镁、纤维素、碳酸镁、0.3％甘油、透明质酸、乙醇或聚亚烷基二醇如聚丙二醇、甘油三酯等。所用可药用载体的类型尤其依赖于根据本申请的组合物是否配制为用于口服、鼻、皮内、皮下、肌内或静脉施用。根据本申请的组合物可包含润湿剂、乳化剂或缓冲液物质作为添加剂。
根据本申请的药物组合物、疫苗或者药物制剂可通过任何适宜的途径施用，例如可口服、鼻、皮内、皮下、肌内或静脉内施用。
本文使用的“治疗有效量”或“有效量”是指足以显示其对于所施用对象益处的剂量。施用的实际量，以及施用的速率和时间过程会取决于所治疗者的自身情况和严重程度。治疗的处方(例如对剂量的决定等)最终是全科医生及其它医生的责任并依赖其做决定，通常考虑所治疗的疾病、患者个体的情况、递送部位、施用方法以及对于医生来说已知的其它因素。
本文所使用的术语“对象”是指哺乳动物，如人类，但也可以是其它动物，如野生动物(如苍鹭、鹳、鹤等)，家畜(如鸭、鹅等)或实验动物(如猩猩、猴子、大鼠、小鼠、兔子、豚鼠、土拨鼠、地松鼠等)。
术语“抗体”广义上涵盖完整抗体和其任何抗原结合片段(“抗原结合部分”)或单链形式。“全长/完整抗体”系指包含通过二硫键而互连的至少两条重(H)链和两条轻(L)链的蛋白。每条重链包含一重链可变区(缩写为VH)和一重链恒定区，重链恒定区包含三个域(domain)，CH1、CH2和CH3。每条轻链包含一轻链可变区(缩写为VL)和一轻链恒定区，轻链恒定区包含一个域，CL。VH和VL区域还可再细分为具有高可变性的多个区，被称为互补决定区(CDR)，其间散布有更为保守的被称为框架区(FR)的多个区域。每个VH和VL均由三个CDR和四个FR构成，按照以下顺序从氨基端至羧基端排布：FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3、FR4。重链和轻链的这些可变区包含与抗原相互作用的结合域。抗体的恒定区可介导免疫球蛋白与宿主的组织或因子结合，包括免疫系统的各种细胞(如效应细胞)和经典补体系统的第一成分(Clq)。嵌合或人源化抗体也涵盖在根据本申请的抗体中。全长/完整抗体可以是任何种类的抗体，例如IgD、IgE、IgG、IgA或IgM(或上述的子类)，但抗体不需要属于任何特定的类别。根据重链的恒定域的抗体氨基酸序列，可以将免疫球蛋白指定为不同的类别。通常，免疫球蛋白有五种主要的类别:IgA、IgD、IgE、IgG及IgM，而且这些类别中有几个可以再被进一步区分成子类(同型)，例如IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1及IgA2。对应于不同免疫球蛋白类别的重链恒定域分别称为α、δ、ε、γ、以及μ。不同类别的免疫球蛋白的子单元结构和三维结构是公知的。
互补决定区(CDR，通常有CDR1、CDR2及CDR3)是可变区中对抗体的亲和力和特异性影响最大的区域。VH或VL的CDR序列有多种常见的定义方式，包括IMGT、Chothia定义和Kabat定义。对于给定抗体的可变区序列，可以根据IMGT、Chothia定义或者Kabat定义来确定VH和VL序列中的CDR序列。
术语“人源化抗体”是指一种抗体，其可以包含来源于人源抗体的CDR区、并且该抗体分子的其他部分来源于一种(或几种)人抗体。而且，为了保留结合亲和力，可以修饰骨架(称为FR)区段的一些残基；通过本领域技术人员已知的技术可以制备根据本申请的人源化抗体或其片段；
术语“半人源化抗体”是指相对于人源化抗体或完全人源化抗体，其一抗体链包含鼠源可变区(如在嵌合抗体中那样)并且另一抗体链包含人源化可变区的抗体。
术语“嵌合抗体”系指以下抗体，其中的可变区序列来自一物种而恒定区序列来自另一物种，例如可变区序列来自小鼠抗体而恒定区序列来自人抗体的抗体。通过使用基因重组技术可以制备根据本申请的嵌合抗体或其片段。例如，所述嵌合抗体可以通过克隆重组DNA来生产，所述重组DNA包含启动子和编码根据本申请的非人尤其是鼠单克隆抗体可变区的序列、以及编码人抗体恒定区的序列。由这种重组基因编码的本申请嵌合抗体将是，例如，鼠-人嵌合体，该抗体的特异性由来源于鼠DNA的可变区确定，并且其同种型由来源于人DNA的恒定区来确定。对于制备嵌合抗体的方法，例如，可以参考文件Verhoeyn et al.(BioEssays，8：74，1988)。
术语“单克隆抗体”系指具有单一分子组成的抗体分子的制备物。单克隆抗体组合物显示出对于特定表位的单一结合特异性和亲和性。
术语“双特异性抗体”是指同时具有两种抗原表位结合能力的抗体。两种抗原表位可以在不同抗原上，也可是在同一抗原上。双特异性抗体可以具有多种结构构型。例如，双特异性抗体可以由两个Fc片段以及分别与其融合的两个结合部分组成(与天然抗体相似，区别在于两个臂结合不同的抗原靶标或表位)，抗原结合部可以为单链抗体(scfv)或者Fab片段。
本文所使用的术语“抗原结合片段”尤其是指抗体片段如Fv、scFv(sc指单链)、Fab、F(ab’) 2、Fab’、scFv-Fc片段或者双抗体(diabody)、或者通过化学修饰或通过掺入脂质体中应能够增加半寿期的任何片段，所述化学修饰例如添加聚(亚烷基)二醇如聚乙二醇(“聚乙二醇化，PEG化”)(被称为Fv-PEG、scFv-PEG、Fab-PEG、F(ab’) 2-PEG或Fab’-PEG的聚乙二醇化片段)(“PEG”为聚乙二醇)。本申请的抗CLDN18.2抗体的抗原结合片段具有CLDN18.2结合活性。例如，抗原结合片段由其来源抗体的重链或轻链可变链的部分序列构成或者包含它们，所述部分序列足以保留与其来源抗体相同的结合特异性和充分的亲和力，这种抗原结合片段将包含最少5个氨基酸，优选其来源的抗体序列的10、15、25、50和100个连续氨基酸。
抗原结合片段的实例包括但不限于:(1)Fab片段，其可以是具有VL-CL链和VH-CH1链的单价片段；(2)F(ab') 2片段，其可以是具有两个Fab'片段的二价片段，该两个Fab'片段由铰链区的二硫桥(即Fab'的二聚物)连接；(3)具有抗体的单臂的VL和VH域的Fv片段；(4)单链Fv(scFv)，其可以是由VH域和VL域经由肽连接子组成的单一多肽链；以及(5)(scFv) 2，其可以包含两个由肽连接子连接的VH域和两个VL域，该两个VL域是经由二硫桥与该两个VH域组合。
术语“Fc片段”、“Fc结构域”、“Fc部分”或类似的术语是指抗体重链恒定区的一部分，包括铰链区(hinge)、恒定区的CH2片段和CH3片段。
通常，为了制备单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段，尤其是鼠源的单克隆抗体或其抗原结合片段，可以参考尤其描述在手册“Antibodies”中的技术(Harlow and Lane，Antibodies：A Laboratory Manual，Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory，Cold Spring Harbor NY，pp.726，1988)或者参考Kohler和Milstein描述的从杂交瘤细胞制备的技术(Nature，256：495-497，1975)。
根据本申请给定的抗CLDN18.2单克隆抗体的结构信息，可使用本领域已知的方法在CHO-K1(ATCC Number：CCL-61，Lot No.:59965043)中细胞中制得。
关于氨基酸或核酸序列的术语“同源性/同一性/一致性”被定义为经过序列比对和引入空位后，氨基酸或核苷酸序列变体中相同的残基的百分比，如果需要，达到最大百分比的同源性。用于比对的方法和计算机程序在本领域内是公知的。
术语“特异性结合”，是指两个分子之间的非随机结合反应，例如抗体至抗原表位的结合。
本申请的发明人首先获得了一株抗CLDN18.2单克隆抗体，其可在CLDN18.2阳性细胞上结合CLDN18.2并高效内化，非常适合用于ADC的开发。在后续ADC研发中，本申请的发明人发现采用NH 2-PEG 3-Val-Cit作为接头时实现了接头和药物分子缀合的良好稳定性，从而将人源化抗体通过接头与小分子药物(例如：MMAE)偶联，获得的ADC药物对CLDN18.2高表达癌症细胞尤其是胰腺癌、胃癌和肺癌细胞具有极强的杀伤作用，并且具有很好的稳定性。具体而言，体内实验表明：在具有CLDN18.2阳性胃或胰腺异种移植肿瘤的裸鼠中静脉内施用抗体-药物缀合物导致剂量依赖性肿瘤生长抑制、在约1至8mg/kg的单剂量静脉内施用下观察到显著的治疗效果；最佳治疗效果在8mg/kg下获得，个体显示很好的耐受性；其总体治疗效果显著，并且本申请获得的ADC药物能产生旁观者效应(bystander effect)，进一步增强了治疗效果。
在一个方面，本申请提供了能够特异性结合CLDN18.2的抗体或其抗原结合片段。具体而言，所述抗体包含重链和轻链，其中(i)所述重链包含三个CDR区，其中至少一个所述CDR区的氨基酸序列具有如SEQ ID NO：1、2或3所示的氨基酸序列或者与其具有至少80％(优选85％、90％、95％、98％或者99％)序列同一性的序列；和/或(ii)所述轻链包含三个CDR区，其中至少一个所述CDR区的氨基酸序列具有如SEQ ID NO：4、5或6所示的氨基酸序列或者与其具有至少80％(优选85％、90％、95％、98％或者99％)序列同一性的序列。
在一些特定实施方案中，所述抗体包含重链和轻链，其中(i)所述重链包含三个CDR区，所述CDR区分别具有如SEQ ID NO：1、2和3所示的氨基酸序列；和/或(ii)所述轻链包含三个CDR区，所述CDR区分别具有如SEQ ID NO：4、5和6所示的氨基酸序列。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体或其抗原结合片段是分离的。
在某些具体实施方案中，重链包含如SEQ ID NO:7所示的氨基酸序列的重链可变区，和/或轻链包含如SEQ ID NO:8所示的氨基酸序列的轻链可变区。
在某些具体实施方案中，重链包含如SEQ ID NO:9所示的氨基酸序列的重链，和/或轻链包含如SEQ ID NO:10所示的氨基酸序列的轻链。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体是单克隆抗体。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体是双异性抗体。例如，双异性抗体的一个臂可以是本申请所述的抗CLDN18.2抗体的抗原结合片段(例如Fab或scfv)，另一个臂可以是靶向其他抗原(例如，可用于ADC构建的其他抗原靶标)或靶向另一CLDN18.2抗原表位(与本申请所述的抗CLDN18.2抗体的CLDN18.2结合表位不同)的抗原结合片段(例如Fab或scfv)。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体是人源化抗体，包括半人源化抗体和全人源抗体。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体或其抗原结合片段具有ADCC活性。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体或其抗原结合片段具有CDC活性。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体或其抗原结合片段特异性地结合CLDN18.2，而基本上不结合CLDN18.1。
在某些具体实施方案中，抗体包含选自IgG1亚型、IgG2亚型或IgG4亚型的重链恒定区。
在某些具体实施方案中，抗体的重链恒定区可以是人IgG1亚型、人IgG2亚型、人IgG4亚型、鼠IgG1亚型或鼠IgG2a亚型。
在某些具体实施方案中，重链恒定区为IgG1亚型，即，抗体为IgG1型抗体。
在某些具体实施方案中，抗体包含选自κ亚型或者λ亚型的轻链恒定区。
在某些具体实施方案中，抗体的轻链恒定区可以是人κ亚型、人λ亚型、鼠κ亚型或者鼠λ亚型。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体是IgG1κ抗体。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请的抗体或其抗原结合片段可用于治疗或预防癌症，其中所述癌症过表达CLDN18.2。
在一个实施方案中，具有与CLDN18.2结合能力的抗体与存在于活细胞表面上的CLDN18.2的天然表位结合。在一个实施方案中，具有与CLDN18.2结合能力的抗体与CLDN18.2的细胞外结构域结合。在一个实施方案中，具有与CLDN18.2结合能力的抗体与CLDN18.2的第一胞外区结合。
在另一个方面，本申请提供了编码本申请抗体的分离的多核苷酸。
在又一个方面，本申请提供了分离的多核苷酸的组合，所述组合包括编码本申请抗体或其抗原结合片段的轻链的多核苷酸和编码本申请抗体或其抗原结合片段的重链的多核苷酸。
在另一个方面，本申请提供了表达载体，其包含本申请所述的多核苷酸或者本申请所述的多核苷酸的组合，所述多核苷酸与允许其所编码的多肽在宿主细胞或无细胞表达系统中表达的调节序列有效连接。
在本申请的一些实施方案中，所述宿主细胞可以为原核宿主细胞、真核宿主细胞或噬菌体。所述原核宿主细胞可以为大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、链霉菌或奇异变形菌等。所述真核宿主细胞，可以为如巴斯德毕赤酵母、酿酒酵母、裂殖酵母、木霉等真菌，如草地粘虫等昆虫细胞，如烟草等植物细胞，如BHK细胞、CHO细胞、COS细胞、骨髓瘤细胞等哺乳动物细胞。在一些实施方案中，本申请所述宿主细胞优选为哺乳动物细胞，更优选为BHK细胞、CHO细胞、NSO细胞或COS细胞。
在另一个方面，本申请提供了一种抗体-药物缀合物，其包含与一个或多个药物分子偶联的本申请的抗CLDN18.2抗体或其抗原结合片段。关于本申请的抗CLDN18.2抗体或其抗原结合片段的实施方案和技术特征的描述参见上文。
鉴于CLDN18.2主要是癌症/肿瘤细胞的分子靶点，因此在一些实施方案中，药物分子为抗癌药物。但是，本领域技术人员应当理解，当CLDN18.2作为非癌症/肿瘤细胞的其他疾病靶点时，药物分子可以根据目标疾病进行选择。
抗癌药物的类型包括但不限于细胞毒性药物、免疫增强剂或放射性同位素。
在一些实施方案中，细胞毒性药物的类型包括微管蛋白抑制剂(例如生物碱)、DNA拓扑异构酶抑制剂、DNA损伤剂、抗代谢药或抗肿瘤抗生素。
在一些实施方案中，微管蛋白抑制剂包括但不限于，奥瑞斯他汀衍生物(例如MMAE(Monomethyl auristatin E)、MMAF(Monomethyl auristatin F))或美登素生物碱衍生物(例如DM1、DM4、安丝菌素(Ansamitocin)、美登素(Mertansine)或海兔毒素肽(dolastatin)及其衍生物)。
在一些实施方案中，DNA拓扑异构酶抑制剂为喜树碱类似物或DNA拓扑异构酶I抑制剂及其衍生物，例如，DXD、SN38、伊立替康、伊立替康盐酸盐、喜树碱、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、10-羟基喜树碱、9-氯-10-羟基喜树碱、22-羟基旱莲木碱、拓扑替康、勒托替康、贝洛替康、依喜替康、硅基高喜树碱(homosilatecan)、6,8-二溴-2-甲基-3-[2-(D-吡喃木糖基氨基)苯基]-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮、2-氰基-3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-N-(苯基甲基)-(2E)-2-丙烯酰胺、2-氰基-3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-N-(3-羟基苯基丙基)-(E)-2-丙烯酰胺、12-β-D-吡喃萄萄糖基-12,13-二氢-2,10-二羟基-6-[[2-羟基-1-(羟基甲基)乙基]氨基]-5H-吲哚并[2,3-a]吡咯并[3,4-c]咔唑-5,7(6H)-二酮、N-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]-4-吖啶甲酰胺二盐酸盐、N-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]-4-吖啶甲酰胺。
在一些实施方案中，DNA损伤剂包括但不限于，卡奇霉素(calicheamicin)类、倍癌霉素(duocarmycin)类、安曲霉素类衍生物PBD(pyrrolobenzodiazepine，吡咯并苯并二氮杂)。
在一些实施方案中，免疫增强剂包括但不限于，左旋咪唑(levamisole)、匹多莫德(pidotimod)、咪喹莫特(imiquimod)、异丙肌苷、聚肌胞苷酸或聚肌尿苷酸。
在一些实施方案中，抗代谢药包括但不限于，甲氨蝶呤、6-巯嘌呤或5-氟尿嘧啶。
在一些实施方案中，抗肿瘤抗生素包括但不限于，多肽类抗生素(例如放线菌素D或博来霉素)或蒽醌类药物(例如阿霉素或盐酸米托蒽醌)。
在一些实施方案中，放射性同位素包括但不限于， 211 At、 131I、 125I、 90Y、 186Re、 188Re、 153Sm、 212Bi、 32P、 60Co或 177Lu。
在一些实施方案中，具有与CLDN18.2结合能力的抗体通过接头与药物部分共价连接。在一些实施方案中，接头是可切割接头。在一些实施方案中，接头在细胞内条件下可被切割。在一个实施方案中，接头在小于5.5的pH下可水解。在一些实施方案中，接头可被细胞内蛋白酶切割。在一些实施方案中，接头是组织蛋白酶可切割接头。在一些实施方案中，接头包含二肽。在一些实施方案中，二肽是缬氨酸(Val)-瓜氨酸(Cit)。在一些实施方案中，抗体通过抗体的半胱氨酸巯基与接头连接。在一个实施方案中，抗体通过抗体的氨基(特别是谷氨酰胺残基的氨基)与接头连接。
接头的非限制性实例包括mc-Val-Cit-pAB、mc-Val-Cit-pABC、mc-Val-Cit、NH 2-(PEG) m-Val-Cit、NH 2-(PEG) m-Val-Cit-pAB，其中m为1至8的整数。
在某些具体实施方案中，本申请所述抗体-药物缀合物具有以下通式Ab-(L-U)n，其中Ab表示本申请的靶向CLDN18.2的抗体，L为接头(例如：NH 2-(PEG)m-Val-Cit、NH 2-(PEG)m-Val-Cit-pAB、NH 2-(PEG)m-Val-Cit-pABC、mc-Val-Cit-pAB或Val-Cit，其中m表示PEG的个数，可以为1到8的整数)，U为药物(例如：DM1、DM4、MMAE、MMAF、DXD和SN38)，n表示药物抗体比率(Drug Antibody Ration，DAR)，DAR值可以是平均值，可以是1-8的任何数值(不限于整数，也可以是小数)，优选为1到8的整数，优选为2、4、6、8，更优选为2。
在另一个方面，本申请提供了药物制剂(例如药物组合物)，其包含本申请的抗体-药物缀合物，以及可药用稀释剂、载体或赋形剂。
在另一个方面，本申请提供了医用制品(medical preparation)，其包含本申请的抗体-药物缀合物。在一些实施方案中，医用制品以药盒的形式存在，所述药盒包含容纳本申请的抗体-药物缀合物的容器。在一个实施方案中，医用制品还包含用于在治疗或预防癌症(特别是表达CLDN18.2的癌症)的方法中使用所述制品的打印说明书。
本申请提供的抗体-药物缀合物能有效地治疗和/或预防与表达CLDN18.2(CLDN18.2阳性)细胞相关的癌症。作为非限制性实例，癌症可以为胃癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、肺癌(例如非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC))、卵巢癌、结肠癌、肝癌、头颈癌或胆囊癌，及上述癌症的转移灶，特别是胃癌转移、腹膜转移和淋巴结转移。适合于用本申请提供的抗体-药物缀合物治疗的癌症可以是胃、食管、胰管、胆管、肺和卵巢的腺癌，本申请提供的抗体-药物缀合物尤其适合于胃癌、胰腺癌的治疗。
因此，本申请还提供了与上述治疗用途相关的多项发明。
在一个方面，本申请提供了上文描述的抗体-缀合物在制备用于治疗或预防癌症的药物中的用途。
在另一方面，本申请提供了治疗个体中癌症的方法，包括将治疗有效量的上文描述的抗体-缀合物或包含所述缀合物的药物制剂或药物组合物施用于患有所述癌症的个体。
在另一方面，本申请提供了上文描述的抗体-缀合物与抗增生剂在制备治疗肿瘤(例如上文描述的癌症)药物中的用途。
在另一方面，本申请提供了药物组合物，所述药物组合物包含上文描述的抗体-缀合物和抗增生剂。
在另一方面，本申请提供了治疗个体中肿瘤的方法，包括将治疗有效量的上文描述的抗体-缀合物或包含所述抗体-缀合物的药物制剂或药物组合物与抗增生剂施用于患有所述肿瘤的个体。
在具体实施方案中，抗增生剂包括但不限于，紫杉醇、多柔比星、多西他赛、顺铂、卡 铂、异丙铂。在某些具体实施方案中，抗增生剂也可以是其他抗体、抗体-药物偶联物或融合蛋白。
实施例
以下实施例仅用于说明而非限制本申请范围的目的。
实验设备与材料
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000002
实验所用细胞系
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000003
实施例1：全人源抗CLDN18.2单克隆抗体的制备
本申请中所用抗CLDN18.2抗体为通过免疫人类Ig转基因小鼠产生的。转基因小鼠用转染了人类CLDN18.2的CHO细胞或者3T3细胞进行免疫。免疫原注射到腹膜内(IP)、皮下(SC)、脚垫(fp)或小鼠尾部。免疫应答反应通过定期检测小鼠血浆抗CLDN18.2的效价来测试。血浆具有足够抗CLDN18.2效价的小鼠用于杂交瘤融合。在最终取小鼠脾脏和淋巴结之前，还会通过免疫原注射到腹膜内、脚垫或小鼠尾部静脉来进行免疫增强。
通过荧光流式细胞分选(FACS)筛选免疫小鼠的血清，选择生产结合CLDN18.2的抗体的小鼠。先用梯度稀释的免疫小鼠血清来孵育表达CLDN18.2(CHO或3T3)的细胞系，然后用PE荧光标记的抗小鼠IgG Ab检测特异性抗体结合，在荧光流式细胞分选仪(iQue plus,Sartorius)上检测。此外，小鼠血清也通过成像测试来确认。表达CLDN18.2的CHO(或3T3细胞)通过免疫小鼠的血清稀释孵育，细胞被洗净，用甲醛固定，洗净，然后用Alexa488荧光标记的山羊抗小鼠抗体检测特异性抗体结合，在细胞成像仪(Cytation 5，Biotek)上扫描和分析。确认产生结合CLDN18.2的抗体的小鼠后，从免疫小鼠中取脾脏和淋巴结，分离淋巴细胞，通过电融合，融合到小鼠骨髓瘤细胞Sp2/0(ATCC，CRL 1581)，由此产生的杂交 瘤被用来筛选为抗CLDN18.2特异性抗体。细胞被铺在平底96孔组织培养板中，随后在选择介质(HAT培养液)中孵育2周，然后切换到杂交瘤培养液培养。在细胞铺板后大约10-14天，通过前述细胞成像方法对来自单个孔的杂交瘤上清液进行抗CLDN18.2特异性结合成像筛查。相关杂交瘤是从一组三只小鼠的免疫组群产生的杂交瘤筛选而来。免疫小鼠后电融合产生的杂交瘤细胞被铺在平底96孔组织培养板中，每一孔含一个或数个杂交瘤细胞。来自单个孔的杂交瘤上清液通过细胞成像方法检测，分泌阳性抗体的克隆上清液特异性结合转染CLDN18.2的CHO细胞，但不结合转染CLDN18.1的CHO细胞和CHO细胞。分泌阳性抗体的杂交瘤被转移到24孔板，再次筛选确认。确认后的阳性抗体杂交瘤通过使用单细胞分拣仪进行分选单克隆。每个阳性杂交瘤分选96个亚克隆，再次筛选确认。产生初步候选分子的阳性亚克隆由体外扩增培养用于测序，阳性亚克隆产生的少量抗体，用于纯化，和抗体表征验证。所获得的抗体SYJS001，相关序列如下：
表1
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000004
SEQ ID NO:7(重链可变区)
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000005
SEQ ID NO:8(轻链可变区)
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000006
SEQ ID NO:9(重链)
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000007
SEQ ID NO:10(轻链)
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000008
实施例2：载体构建及抗体表达
2.1载体的设计
SYJS001单抗表达使用的质粒载体pGenHT1.0-DGV由南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司(简称“金斯瑞”)提供。载体图谱见图3，各关键元件信息见表2：
表2：pGenHT1.0-DGV载体关键元件信息
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000009
本研究中，SYJS001的重链、轻链DNA序列和表达载体pGenHT1.0-DGV均由金斯瑞人工合成。
重链的设计与合成：
人工合成的重链命名为SYJS001-HC。5’端引入NruI内切酶位点，3’端引入PmLI内切酶位点，同时在5’端NruI内切酶位点后面引入了Kozak序列，以及信号肽序列(19位氨基酸)：MGWSCIILFLVATATGVHS(SEQ ID NO:19)。重链的表达框设计为：
NruI-Kozak序列-信号肽-SYJS001-HC-终止密码子-PmLI
轻链的设计与合成：
人工合成的轻链命名为SYJS001-LC。合成过程中，在轻链5’端引入AscI内切酶位点，3’端引入FseI内切酶位点，同时在5’端AscI内切酶位点后面引入Kozak序列，以及信号肽序列(19位氨基酸)：MGWSCIILFLVATATGVHS(SEQ ID NO:19)。轻链的表达框设计为：
AscI-Kozak序列-信号肽-SYJS001-LC-终止密码子-FseI
2.2重组载体的构建
SYJS001-HC待插入位点为pGenHT1.0-DGV载体下游多克隆NruI/PmLI位点，SYJS001-LC待插入位点为上游多克隆AscI/FseI位点。2个多克隆位点的启动子均为CMV，重链和轻链构建在同一空载体上。对PCR扩增产物SYJS001-HC和质粒载体pGenHT1.0-DGV进行NruI/PmLI双酶切和连接转化，通过Kan+抗性标记筛选阳性克隆，获得构建正确的重组重链表达载体，命名为：SYJS001-HC in pGenHT1.0-DGV。接下来，采用AscI/FseI对轻链SYJS001-LC和SYJS001-HC in pGenHT1.0-DGV进行双酶切、连接转化和克隆筛选，并对阳性克隆进行AscI/PmLI进行双酶切鉴定(见图4)和测序，获得构建正确的重组重、轻链表达载体，命名为：SYJS001 in pGenHT1.0-DGV，其结构示意图见图5。SYJS001 in pGenHT1.0-DGV双酶切鉴定，目的区域序列大小为4527bp。将获得的重组质粒电转宿主细胞CHO K1，获得高表达SYJS001抗体蛋白的稳定细胞株。
2.3抗体的表达与纯化
将高表达SYJS001抗体的稳定细胞株置于无血清的CD FortICHO中摇瓶培养，一定时间后收集培养上清，用pH＝7.4的PBS溶液平衡HiTrapMabSelectSuRe 1ml柱(GE Healthcare Life Sciences产品，货号：11-0034-93)10个柱体积，流速为0.5ml/min；培养上清液用0.45μm滤膜过滤上样，流速为0.5ml/min。用pH7.4的PBS溶液再洗5-10个柱体积，流速为0.5ml/min；用100mM柠檬酸缓冲液(pH3.6)洗脱，流速为0.5ml/min，收集洗脱峰，获得纯度＞95％的SYJS001抗体。
实施例3：SYJS001 ADC制备
分别将一定体积的L&D(其结构如图2所示)、反应缓冲液、SYJS001抗体、mTGase(转谷氨酰胺酶)、H 2O按照适当顺序用蠕动泵转入有弹性的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯一次性反应袋中，反应袋密封混匀后置于30℃，反应时间24-144h。反应过程每24h取样用C4-HPLC分析检测偶联率，当偶联率>＝95％时，结束反应，立即纯化。
实际使用的转谷氨酰胺酶氨基酸序列如下：
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000010
实施例4：SYJS001 ADC理化性质分析鉴定
1、SYJS001 ADC修饰率鉴定
实验步骤：
1)上样：取还原后的ADC反应液样品10μl上清液体上色谱柱(waters xbridge C4，3.5μm，4.6mm*250mm)
2)洗脱：流动相A液为0.1％TFA水溶液，流动相B液为0.1％乙腈溶液，分别于第0、5、8、15、20、22、25、30min调整流动相A液：B液的比例为9:1、7:3、6.5:3.5、6:4、5.5:4.5、5:5、1:9、9:1洗脱，控制流速为0.8ml/min，检测波长为280nm。
实验结果如图6所示，显示SYJS001 ADC修饰率为95.11％。
2、SYJS001 ADC DAR值检测
实验步骤：
1、上样：取10μg SYJS001 ADC样品上色谱柱(Agilient PLRP-S，5μm，2.1mm*50mm)
3、洗脱：流动相A液为0.1％TFA水溶液，流动相B液为0.1％乙腈溶液，分别于第0、8、25、26、31.5min调整流动相A液：B液的比例为7.3:2.1、6.5:3.5、5.7:4.3、0.5:9.5、7.3:2.7洗脱，控制流速为0.25ml/min，检测波长为280nm；结果如图7所示，平均DAR为2。
实施例5：流式检测SYJS001 ADC与CLDN18.2蛋白结合能力
本实验采用流式细胞技术检测SYJS001 ADC与不同种属CLDN18.2蛋白的结合能力。
过表达细胞株(HEK293-人CLDN18.2,HEK293小鼠CLDN18.2，食蟹猴GLDN18.2,CHO-K1)与不同浓度的SYJS001 ADC样品孵育后，用结合IgG的二抗(羊抗人IgG(H+L)交叉吸附二抗)孵育，通过流式细胞仪检测不同浓度下的荧光信号值分析样品对不同种属CLDN18.2的结合能力。
具体实验步骤：
蛋白样品SYJS001 ADC起始浓度为45μg/ml，3倍梯度稀释，共稀释11个梯度。取不同浓度的抗体100μl分别与表达人、小鼠、食蟹猴CLDN18.2的细胞(1×10 6细胞/ml，100μl/孔)于4℃孵育1.5h，清洗细胞去除未结合的样品，加入羊抗人IgG(H+L)交叉吸附二抗(1：1000稀释)于4℃孵育1h，清洗后采用流式细胞仪进行检测对应孔的荧光信号值；用GraphPad Prism 5软件对数据进行分析；选择四参数方程的回归模型做“S”型曲线，软件自动生成半数有效量ED 50(C值)；实验结果如图8及表3所示，显示SYJS001 ADC对人、小鼠、食蟹猴CLDN18.2都具有良好亲和力。
表3.SYJS001 ADC与不同种属CLDN18.2结合的ED 50值
样品名 ED 50(ng/ml)
HEK293-人CLDN18.2 439.1
HEK293-小鼠CLDN18.2 717.0
食蟹猴CLDN18.2CHO-K1 647.9
实施例6：SYJS001 ADC与CLDN18.2的特异性结合
6.1.SYJS001单抗与CLDN18家族成员的特异性以及交叉作用
用相对应的完全培养基分别培养CHOK1-CLDN18.2和HEK293-CLDN18.1细胞，2-3天进行传代；细胞融汇度达到90％时，用完全培养基调整细胞密度为2-3×10 6细胞/mL，用多道移液器向流式96孔检测板上接入细胞悬液，每孔100μL；2500rpm离心5min，弃上清；用2％FBS/PBS洗涤两次；将SYJS001单抗用2％FBS/PBS缓冲液进行稀释，裸抗的起始浓度为6μg/ml，3倍梯度稀释，共8个梯度，每个药物浓度设置2个复孔，并设置相应的空白对照。每孔100μL，4℃孵育2h；用2％FBS/PBS洗涤三次，加入488标记的羊抗人IgG(1：5000稀释)，4℃孵育1h；用2％FBS/PBS洗涤三次，然后选择相对应的荧光通道进行读数。
6.2 SYJS001 ADC与CLDN18.2的特异性结合
用相对应的完全培养基培养HEK293-CLDN18.2细胞，2-3天进行传代；细胞融汇度达到90％时，用完全培养基调整细胞密度为2-3×10 6细胞/mL，用多道移液器向流式96孔检测板上接入细胞悬液，每孔100μL；2500rpm离心5min，弃上清；用2％FBS/PBS洗涤两次；将SYJS001单抗和SYJS001 ADC分别用2％FBS/PBS缓冲液进行稀释，ADC的起始浓度为15μg/ml，3倍梯度稀释，共11个梯度，每个药物浓度设置2个复孔，并设置相应的空白对照。每孔100μL，4℃孵育2h；用2％FBS/PBS洗涤三次，加入488标记的羊抗人IgG(1：1000稀释)，4℃孵育1h；用2％FBS/PBS洗涤三次，然后选择相对应的荧光通道进行读数。
结果显示(参见图9、图10)，本申请获得的SYJS001单抗能够与CLDN18.2发生特异性结合，与CLDN18.1无明显交叉作用；与裸抗相比，SYJS001 ADC与CLDN18.2同样具有特异性结合，且偶联毒素后对亲和力无明显影响。
实施例7：SYJS001 ADC的内吞作用验证实验
实验步骤：
收集HEK293-CLDN18.2细胞，并使用DMEM完全培养基重悬细胞；轻柔吹打重悬靶细胞数次至单细胞悬液，使用台盼蓝染色法鉴定细胞活力和细胞计数；调整细胞密度为1×10 5细胞/ml；每孔100μl接种于共聚焦96孔板细胞培养皿中，每孔的细胞接种数为1×10 4，将标记Zenon TM pHrodo TM iFL的SYJS001加入到96孔板中，其终浓度为2μg/ml，然后置于37℃、5％CO 2培养箱条件下连续培养至24小时。所有图像均经激光共聚焦显微镜20X物镜观察并摄取图像。
实验结果如图11所示，结果显示SYJS001 ADC在HEK293-CLDN18.2细胞中发生了内吞，并且定位于酸性环境的溶酶体(Invitrogen公司的Zenon TM pHrdo TM iFL IgG Labeling Reagents(Z25611)只在溶酶体的酸性环境下显示荧光，例如：图11最右侧HEK293-CLDN18.2图中三个方框圈出的部分在镜下显示绿色荧光点)，而在HEK293和HEK293-CLDN18.1细胞图中不发生内吞，未观察到绿色荧光点。
实施例8：SYJS001裸抗及ADC对不同细胞生长的抑制作用
实验步骤：收集靶细胞重悬为单细胞悬液，台盼蓝染色法鉴定细胞活力和细胞计数；调整细胞密度为1×10 5细胞/ml；每孔100μl加至96孔黑色平底细胞培养板；将稀释好的供试品每孔20μl加至已接种细胞的96孔黑色平底细胞培养板；置于细胞培养箱(37℃，5％CO 2)孵育66±3hr；加入刃天青钠溶液(w/v 0.03％)，每孔20μl；37℃作用3-4h，酶标仪550nm/610nm读取荧光值，利用Magellan6或同类作图软件作图，拟合出参考标准品和样品的半抑制浓度IC 50。输出参数C为IC 50，单位为ng/mL。
实验结果如图12-17及表4所示，显示SYJS001 ADC在体外均能够抑制NCI-N87-CLDN18.2(胃癌细胞系)、KATOⅢ(胃癌细胞系)、NCI-H460-CLDN18.2(肺癌细胞系)、NUGC4-CLDN18.2(胃癌细胞系)、PATU8988S(胰腺癌细胞系)、BxPC-3-CLDN18.2(胰腺癌细胞系)癌细胞的生长。
表4：SYJS001裸抗和SYJS001 ADC对不同细胞的体外增殖抑制作用(注：N/A＝无抑制效果)
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000011
由此可见，SYJS001 ADC针对过表达CLDN18.2的胃癌细胞、肺癌细胞、人胰腺癌细胞均有显著的抑制作用，对不表达或低表达CLDN18.2的人胃癌细胞KATOⅢ和人胰腺癌细胞PATU8988S抑制作用较弱。
实施例9：SYJS001 ADC的体内药效评价
9.1以吉西他滨和顺铂为对照的药效比较数据
1)本实验选用人胰腺癌Bxpc3-18.2裸小鼠移植瘤模型，待肿瘤体积长至约100mm 3(接种后第39天)时，挑选肿瘤生长良好的48只动物，将动物按肿瘤体积均衡分为6组(第0天)，每组8只，分别静脉给予0.9％氯化钠注射液(0.9％INJ NS，溶剂对照组)，SYJS001-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)，SYJS001-mAb(SYJS001裸抗)8mg/kg(单次给药)以及吉西他滨(Gemcitabine，GEM)50mg/kg(biw×4，每周2次，共4周)。每周测2次瘤径，并称量小鼠体重，记录数据，通过测量给药后不同时间的肿瘤瘤径，动态观察肿瘤的生长情况。第28天实验结束，用二氧化碳窒息小鼠后，剥瘤称量瘤重。
结果显示：本实验中，SYJS001-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)组，SYJS001-mAb 8mg/kg(单次给药)组以及Gemcitabine 50mg/kg(biw×4)组的瘤重抑制率分别为56.6％，94.8％，97.8％，-36.2％，51.0％。与溶剂对照组(0.9％氯化钠注射液)相比，SYJS001-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)组和GEM 50mg/kg(biw×4：一周两次给药，一共给药四次)组均能显著抑制肿瘤的生长(P＜0.01)。与阳性对照GEM 50mg/kg(biw×4)组相比，SYJS001-ADC 4和8mg/kg(单次给药)组对肿瘤的抑制作用更显著，特别是8mg/kg组，抑制作用是近2倍(p＜0.001)(参见图18)。
2)本实验选用人胃癌NUGC-4-18.2构建裸小鼠移植瘤模型，待肿瘤体积至约120mm 3(接种后第6天)时，挑选肿瘤生长良好的64只动物，将动物按肿瘤体积均衡分为8组(第0天)，每组8只动物，分别静脉给予0.9％氯化钠注射液(0.9％INJ NS，溶剂对照组)；SYJS001-ADC 1、2、4mg/kg(qw×3)；4，8mg/kg(单次给药)；SYJS001-mAb 4mg/kg(qw×3)；顺铂(Cisplatin)6mg/kg(qw×3，每周1次，共3周)。每周测2次瘤径，并称量小鼠体重，记录数据，通过测量给药后不同时间的肿瘤瘤径，动态观察肿瘤的生长变化。第20天结束实验，动物二氧化碳窒息后，剥瘤称量瘤重。
结果显示：本实验中，SYJS001-ADC 1、2、4mg/kg(qw×3)；4，8mg/kg(单次给药)；SYJS001-mAb 4mg/kg(qw×3)；顺铂6mg/kg(qw×3)的瘤重抑制率分别为98.0％，100％，100％；100％，100％；-1.2％；66.5％。与溶剂对照组相比：除SYJS001-mAb 4mg/kg(qw×3)组外其余各组均能显著抑制肿瘤的生长(P<0.001)；SYJS001-ADC 1，2，4mg/kg(qw×3)；4、8mg/kg(单次给药)组在药效和毒性方面均显著优于阳性对照组Cisplatin 6mg/kg(qw×3)(P<0.05)(参见图19)。
9.2以IMAB362-ADC为对照的比较药效数据
IMAB362(也称为克劳地昔单抗，Zolbetuximab)是一种已报道的IgG1亚型的嵌合单克隆抗体，其选择性靶向CLDN18.2的第一胞外结构域，且对CLDN18.1具有很小的活性，在本实验中被选为对照抗体。
1)本实验选用人胰腺癌Bxpc3-18.2裸小鼠移植瘤模型，待肿瘤体积长至约100mm 3(接种后第39天)时，挑选肿瘤生长良好的64只动物，将动物按肿瘤体积均衡分为8组(第0天)，每组8只，分别静脉给予0.9％氯化钠注射液(0.9％INJ NS，溶剂对照组)，SYJS001-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)，IMAB362-ADC(IMAB362序列参考专利CN201680021997.6，基因合成在南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司完成，蛋白表达利用珠海恺瑞生物科技有限公司的KOP293瞬时转染蛋白表达系统进行瞬转表达，具体步骤见其官网。IMAB362-ADC的制备参考实施例3SYJS001 ADC制备的方法)2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)，SYJS001-mAb 8mg/kg(单次给药)。每周测2次瘤径，并称量小鼠体重，记录数据，通过测量给药后不同时间的肿瘤瘤径，动态观察肿瘤的生长情况。第28天实验结束，用二氧化碳窒息小鼠后，剥瘤称量瘤重。
结果显示：本实验中，SYJS001-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)组，SYJS001-mAb 8mg/kg(单次给药)组以及IMAB362-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)组的肿瘤体积分别为溶剂对照组的35.9％、6.0％、3.4％、116.2％、47.0％、6.8％、5.1％。与溶剂对照组相比，SYJS001-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)组和IMAB362-ADC 2、4和8mg/kg(单次给药)均能显著抑制肿瘤的生长(p＜0.01)。与阳性对照IMAB362-ADC组相比，高剂量下效果相差不大，但在低剂量(起效剂量)条件下，SYJS001 ADC的体内抑瘤作用要明显好于IMAB362-ADC，具体参见图20(RTV(relative tumor volume)，相对肿瘤体积)。
根据Chunze Li 2019公布的数据(Clinical pharmacology of vc-MMAE antibody-drug conjugates in cancer patients:learning from eight first-in-human Phase 1 studies 2019 vol.12，No.1，MABS)，基于VC-MMAE的ADC临床施药剂量区间一般在0.1-3.2mg，因此，本实验的低剂量为更有临床应用前景的剂量，SYJS001-ADC的临床前景和成药性优于IMAB362-ADC。
2)本实验选用人胃癌NUGC-4-18.2构建裸小鼠移植瘤模型，待肿瘤体积至约120mm 3(接种后第6天)时，挑选肿瘤生长良好的64只动物，将动物按肿瘤体积均衡分为8组(第0天)，每组8只动物，分别静脉给予0.9％氯化钠注射液(0.9％INJ NS，溶剂对照组)SYJS001-ADC 0.5、1、2、4mg/kg(单次给药)；IMAB362-ADC 0.5、1、2、4mg/kg(单次给药)；SYJS001-mAb 4mg/kg(单次给药)；每周测2次瘤径，并称量小鼠体重，记录数据，通过测量给药后不同时间的肿瘤瘤径，动态观察肿瘤的生长变化。第20天结束实验，动物二氧化碳窒息后，剥瘤称量瘤重。
结果显示：本实验中，SYJS001-ADC 0.5、1、2、4mg/kg(单次给药)；IMAB362-ADC 0.5、1、2、4mg/kg(单次给药)；SYJS001-mAb 4mg/kg(单次给药)的肿瘤体积分别为溶剂对照组的59.1％、27.3％、1.8％、0％、68.2％、30％、1.8％、0％、83.6％。与溶剂对照组相比：除SYJS001-mAb 4mg/kg组外其余各组均能显著抑制肿瘤的生长(p<0.001)；SYJS001 ADC对NUGC4-CLDN18.2的体内抑瘤作用在高剂量下效果与IMAB362-ADC相差不大，但在低剂量(起效剂量)条件下，SYJS001 ADC的体内抑瘤作用要明显优于IMAB362-ADC(参见图21)。
与上一比较实验的情形类似，本实验的低剂量为更有临床应用前景的剂量，SYJS001-ADC的临床前景和成药性明显优于IMAB362-ADC。
实施例10：MMAE释放与旁观者效应实验
阳性组BxPC-3-CLDN18.2和HEK293-Luc细胞(不表达CLDN18.2的细胞)与SYJS001 ADC共培养4天后，通过化学发光显色来指示混合细胞中的HEK293-Luc的数量，与阴性组BxPC-3和HEK293-Luc共培养组相比，3个浓度点包括：5μg/ml、1μg/ml，以及200ng/ml 均能够不同程度的引起HEK293-Luc细胞增殖抑制；这表明阳性组BxPC-3-Human CLDN18.2能够与SYJS001 ADC结合，然后通过内吞作用进入到细胞内，在细胞内释放的MMAE能够实现BxPC-3-人CLDN18.2的凋亡，细胞凋亡裂解后释放的MMAE能够引起旁观细胞的生长抑制，具体结果详见图22。由此可见，MMAE能够高效地从SYJS001 ADC中释放，并且由于其膜通透性而对邻近细胞发挥细胞毒活性，产生旁观者效应。
综合以上多个实施例的结果可知，本申请获得的抗CLDN18.2的单克隆抗体可在CLDN18.2阳性细胞特异性结合CLDN18.2并高效内化，并且本申请获得的ADC药物对以胰腺癌、胃癌、肺癌为代表的肿瘤细胞具有极强的杀伤作用。
实施例11：ADC稳定性研究
11.1血浆和血清稳定性
本实验研究目的是SYJS001-ADC在不同种属(人、食蟹猴和SD大鼠)的血浆和血清中的体外代谢稳定性。SYJS001-ADC孵育浓度为100μg/mL，37℃无菌条件下温孵0-168h(7天)。采用LC-MS/MS方法检测MMAE的浓度，MMAE在0.5％BSA-PBS、人血浆、食蟹猴血浆和SD大鼠血浆的浓度结果如表5-表8所示，随着温孵时间的增加，所有基质中均有游离MMAE的生成；SYJS001-ADC在37℃条件下，温孵168h(7天)后，在0.5％BSA-PBS、人血浆、食蟹猴血浆和SD大鼠血浆中脱落率百分比分别为0.672％、0.327％、0.209％和0.405％。实验表明MMAE在SYJS001-ADC上脱落率均不足1.0％，表明SYJS001-ADC在0.5％BSA-PBS、人血浆、食蟹猴血浆和SD大鼠血浆均比较稳定。
表5.MMAE在0.5％BSA-PBS溶液的游离浓度以及在ADC上的脱落率
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000012
表6.MMAE在人血浆中游离的浓度及在ADC上的脱落率
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000013
表7.MMAE在猴血浆中游离的浓度及在ADC上的脱落率
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000015
表8.MMAE在大鼠血浆中游离的浓度及在ADC上的脱落率
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000016
11.2加速稳定性
将SYJS001-ADC在2℃至8℃下储存在缓冲液中(其成分包括：w/v 5％L-组氨酸、25％L-组氨酸盐酸盐)，放置不同时间，检测其稳定性，结果如下表。IMAB362-ADC(IMAB362-vcMMAE)在28天游离毒素达到0.3％(参见CN 107667118A表7)，远远高于本申请药物SYJS001-ADC 3个月的0.000026％，说明SYJS001-ADC稳定性远优于IMAB362-ADC。
表9 SYJS001-ADC加速稳定性(6℃±2℃)实验结果
Figure PCTCN2021133376-appb-000017
实施例12：SYJS001与IMAB362比较研究
12.1亲和力
使用PBS缓冲液重悬CLDN18.2高表达细胞株BxPC3-CLDN18.2，将细胞调整至1×10 6细胞/ml，每孔100μl加至96孔V型培养板；2500rpm离心5min，弃上清；使用实验缓冲液对样品进行稀释，抗体的起始浓度为40μg/ml，5倍梯度稀释，共10个梯度；将稀释好样品每孔100μl加入96孔V型培养板，并将其置于4℃孵育60～90分钟；孵育结束后，将V型培养板放入离心机中，2500rpm离心5min；小心甩去离心上清液，加入100μl PBS重悬细胞，2500rpm离心5min；重复操作两次；小心甩去离心上清液，根据实验排布加入荧光抗体检测试剂(1:1000稀释)，4℃避光孵育30～60分钟；孵育结束后，将V型培养板放入高速离心机中，2500rpm离心5min；小心甩去离心上清液，加入100μl实验缓冲液重悬细胞，之后采用流式细胞仪进行检测使用板式读数读取实验板中对应孔的荧光信号值；导出实验数据，采用GraphPad Prism 5软件对数据进行分析；选择四参数方程的回归模型做“S”型曲 线，软件自动生成半数有效量ED50(C值)，结果如下图(图23，MFI：平均荧光强度)所示，SYJS001的亲和力高于IMAB362的2倍多。
12.2抗原表位分析
用Octet表位配对来检测SYJS001-ADC和IMAB362-ADC的抗原表位竞争，将5μg/ml人CLDN18.2蛋白固化在HIS1K捕获传感器，Loading 180s；将两个抗体分别稀释至100nM,，固化后的传感器先与其中一个抗体结合(Association)180s，再与第二个抗体结合(Association)180s，检测第二个抗体结合信号以判定两个抗体是否识别同一表位。结果：60％-100％：完全不竞争；20％-60％：部分竞争；<20％：完全竞争，则认为两个抗体有竞争。结果如下表(表10)所示，SYJS001-ADC和IMAB362-ADC表位完全竞争。
表10
  SYJS001 IMAB362
SYJS001 9.02％ 7.98％
IMAB362 7.88％ 6.6％
12.3内吞检测
将BxPC3-CLDN18.2细胞接种于6孔板，每孔细胞数约4-6×10 5细胞；转移至培养箱中，37℃，5％CO 2培养过夜；用完全培养基(DMEM(Hyclone，货号：SH30243.01)+10％FBS(Gibco，货号：10091-148)+1μg/ml的嘌呤霉素(Gibco，货号：A11138-02))将抗体稀释至5μg/ml，弃掉6孔板的原有培养基，每孔加入2ml含有抗体的完全培养基；4℃放置2hr，然后弃掉上清，用完全培养基清洗两次，每孔加入2ml不含抗体的完全培养基；除去此时取2-3个复孔，进行胰酶消化，此时间点作为细胞结合的抗体总量；其余细胞转移至培养箱中，37℃，5％CO 2培养箱放置4hr、21hr、25hr、48hr进行内吞；对每个时间点胰酶消化的细胞进行洗涤后，加入荧光抗体检测试剂(1:1000稀释)，4℃避光孵育60分钟；小心甩去离心上清液，两次清洗后，采用流式细胞仪进行检测荧光信号值；
内吞率计算公式：(总抗体荧光信号-不同时间点荧光信号)/总抗体荧光信号×100％结果如下图(图24，MFI：平均荧光强度)，SYJS001在初期(0-21hr)内吞速率显著高于IMAB362-ADC，在21-48hr，与IMAB362-ADC基本一致。在其他条件相同的情况下，内吞速率快，药物进入肿瘤细胞的能力强，可以更好的释放毒性分子，客观上起到更快起效的作用。因此预期SYJS001相对于IMAB362-ADC起效更快。
12.4体外细胞增长抑制实验
1.腺癌细胞模型
收集BxPC-3-CLDN18.2细胞，并使用完全培养基(同12.3内吞检测部分使用的完全培养基)重悬细胞；轻柔吹打重悬靶细胞数次至单细胞悬液，使用台盼蓝染色法鉴定细胞活力和细胞计数；调整细胞密度为1×10 5细胞/ml；每孔100μl加至96孔黑色平底细胞培养板；抗体的起始浓度为5μg/ml，2倍梯度稀释，共11个梯度；将稀释好的供试品每孔20μl加至已接种细胞的96孔黑色平底细胞培养板；抗体和细胞共培养，置于细胞培养箱(37℃，5％CO 2)孵育63-69hr；待孵育结束后，加入刃天青钠溶液(w/v 0.03％)，每孔20μl；37℃作用3-4h，酶标仪550nm/610nm读取荧光值，利用Magellan6或同类作图软件作图，拟合出参考标准品和样品的半抑制浓度IC 50。输出参数C为IC 50，单位为ng/mL。结果如下图(图25，RLU：相对发光单位)所示，SYJS001-ADC对BxPC-3-CLDN18.2细胞的体外抑制效果显著优于IMAB362-ADC。
2.胃癌细胞模型
收集NUGC4-CLDN18.2细胞，并使用完全培养基(同12.3内吞检测部分使用的完全培养基)重悬细胞；轻柔吹打重悬靶细胞数次至单细胞悬液，使用台盼蓝染色法鉴定细胞活力和细胞计数；调整细胞密度为1×10 5细胞/ml；每孔100μl加至96孔黑色平底细胞培养板；抗体的起始浓度为10mg/ml，5倍梯度稀释，共11个梯度；将稀释好的供试品每孔20μl加至已接种细胞的96孔黑色平底细胞培养板；抗体和细胞共培养，置于细胞培养箱(37℃， 5％CO 2)孵育63-69hr；待孵育结束后，加入刃天青钠溶液(w/v 0.03％)，每孔20μl；37℃作用3-4h，酶标仪550nm/610nm读取荧光值，利用Magellan6或同类作图软件作图，拟合出参考标准品和样品的半抑制浓度IC 50。输出参数C为IC 50，单位为ng/mL。结果如下图(图26，RLU：相对发光单位)所示，SYJS001-ADC对NUGC4-CLDN18.2细胞的体外抑制效果优于IMAB362-ADC，超过其2倍。
综合以上实验，本申请获得的SYJS001-ADC在稳定性、相关抗体亲和力、内吞效率以及体外和体内肿瘤细胞抑制方面均明显由于对照IMAB362-ADC。
以上描述地仅是优选实施方案，其只作为示例而不限制实施本申请所必需特征的组合。所提供的标题并不意指限制本申请的多种实施方案。术语例如“包含”、“含”和“包括”不意在限制。此外，除非另有说明，没有数词修饰时包括复数形式，以及“或”、“或者”意指“和/或”。除非本文另有定义，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语的意思与本领域技术人员通常理解的相同。本申请中提及的所有公开物和专利通过引用方式并入本文。不脱离本申请的范围和精神，本申请的所描述的方法和组合物的多种修饰和变体对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。虽然通过具体的优选实施方案描述了本申请，但是应该理解所要求保护的本申请不应该被不适当地局限于这些具体实施方案。事实上，那些对于相关领域技术人员而言显而易见的用于实施本申请的所描述的模式的多种变体意在包括在随附的权利要求的范围内。

Claims (38)

  1. 缀合物，其包含与一个或多个药物分子偶联的抗体或其抗原结合片段，所述抗体包含重链和轻链，其中所述重链包含分别具有如SEQ ID NO:1、2和3所示的氨基酸序列的三个CDR区，和/或所述轻链包含分别具有如SEQ ID NO:4、5和6所示的氨基酸序列的三个CDR区。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的缀合物，其中所述抗体为单克隆抗体或双特异性抗体，优选为单克隆抗体，更优选为人源化抗体，最优选为全人源抗体。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的缀合物，其中所述抗体为IgG型抗体，优选为IgG1型抗体。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的缀合物，其中所述抗原结合片段为Fab片段、F(ab') 2片段或单链Fv片段(scFv)。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的缀合物，其中所述重链包含如SEQ ID NO:7所示的氨基酸序列的重链可变区，和/或所述轻链包含如SEQ ID NO:8所示的氨基酸序列的轻链可变区。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的缀合物，其中所述重链包含如SEQ ID NO:9所示的氨基酸序列的重链，和/或所述轻链包含如SEQ ID NO:10所示的氨基酸序列的轻链。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的缀合物，其中所述药物分子为抗癌药物，例如，细胞毒性药物、免疫增强剂或放射性同位素。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的缀合物，其中所述细胞毒性药物选自微管蛋白抑制剂、DNA拓扑异构酶抑制剂、DNA损伤剂、抗代谢药或抗肿瘤抗生素。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的缀合物，其中所述微管蛋白抑制剂选自奥瑞斯他汀衍生物(例如MMAE(Monomethyl auristatin E)、MMAF(Monomethyl auristatin F))或美登素生物碱衍生物(例如DM1、DM4、安丝菌素(Ansamitocin)、美登素(Mertansine)或海兔毒素肽(dolastatin)及其衍生物)。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的缀合物，其中所述DNA拓扑异构酶抑制剂选自喜树碱类似物或DNA拓扑异构酶I抑制剂及其衍生物，例如，DXD、SN38、伊立替康、伊立替康盐酸盐、喜树碱、9-氨基喜树碱、9-硝基喜树碱、10-羟基喜树碱、9-氯-10-羟基喜树碱、22-羟基旱莲木碱、拓扑替康、勒托替康、贝洛替康、依喜替康、硅基高喜树碱(homosilatecan)、6,8-二溴-2-甲基-3-[2-(D-吡喃木糖基氨基)苯基]-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮、2-氰基-3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-N-(苯基甲基)-(2E)-2-丙烯酰胺、2-氰基-3-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-N-(3-羟基苯基丙基)-(E)-2-丙烯酰胺、12-β-D-吡喃萄萄糖基-12,13-二氢-2,10-二羟基-6-[[2-羟基-1-(羟基甲基)乙基]氨基]-5H-吲哚并[2,3-a]吡咯并[3,4-c]咔唑-5,7(6H)-二酮、N-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]-4-吖啶甲酰胺二盐酸盐、N-[2-(二甲基氨基)乙基]-4-吖啶甲酰胺。
  11. 如权利要求8所述的缀合物，其中所述DNA损伤剂选自卡奇霉素(calicheamicin)类、倍癌霉素(duocarmycin)类、安曲霉素类衍生物PBD(pyrrolobenzodiazepine，吡咯并苯并二氮杂)。
  12. 如权利要求7所述的缀合物，其中所述免疫增强剂选自左旋咪唑(levamisole)、匹多莫德(pidotimod)、咪喹莫特(imiquimod)、异丙肌苷、聚肌胞苷酸或聚肌尿苷酸；和/或所述抗代谢药选自甲氨蝶呤、6-巯嘌呤或5-氟尿嘧啶；和/或所述抗肿瘤抗生素选自多肽类抗生素(例如放线菌素D或博来霉素)或蒽醌类药物(例如阿霉素或盐酸米托蒽醌)。
  13. 如权利要求7所述的缀合物，其中所述放射性同位素选自 211At、 131I、 125I、 90Y、 186Re、 188Re、 153Sm、 212Bi、 32P、 60Co或 177Lu。
  14. 如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的缀合物，其中所述药物分子与所述抗体或其抗原结合片段通过接头偶联，所述接头与所述抗体或其抗原结合片段通过巯基或氨基连接。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的缀合物，其中所述接头选自mc-Val-Cit-pAB、mc-Val-Cit-pABC、mc-Val-Cit、NH 2-(PEG)m-Val-Cit、NH 2-(PEG)m-Val-Cit-pAB，其中m为1至8的整数。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的缀合物，其中所述缀合物的结构为Ab-(L-U)n，其中Ab表示抗体或其抗原结合片段，L表示所述接头，U表示所述药物分子，并且n为1至8的整数或小 数。
  17. 药物组合物，其包含权利要求1至16中任一项所述的缀合物，以及可药用载体。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的药物组合物，其中所述药物组合物用于治疗或预防癌症。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的药物组合物，其中所述癌症为CLDN18.2阳性癌症。
  20. 如权利要求18或19所述的药物组合物，其中所述癌症为胃癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、结肠癌、肝癌、头颈癌或胆囊癌。
  21. 如权利要求18-20中任一项所述的药物组合物，其中所述癌症为胃、食管、胰管、胆管、肺或卵巢的腺癌。
  22. 如权利要求18-21中任一项所述的药物组合物，其中所述癌症为胃癌或胰腺癌。
  23. 权利要求1至16中任一项所述的缀合物或权利要求17所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗或预防癌症的药物中的用途。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的用途，其中所述癌症为CLDN18.2阳性癌症。
  25. 如权利要求23或24所述的用途，其中所述癌症为胃癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、结肠癌、肝癌、头颈癌或胆囊癌。
  26. 如权利要求23-25中任一项所述的用途，其中所述癌症为胃、食管、胰管、胆管、肺或卵巢的腺癌。
  27. 如权利要求23-26中任一项所述的用途，其中所述癌症为胃癌或胰腺癌。
  28. 治疗个体中癌症的方法，包括将治疗有效量的权利要求1至16中任一项所述的缀合物或权利要求17所述的药物组合物施用于患有所述癌症的个体。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的方法，其中所述癌症为CLDN18.2阳性癌症。
  30. 如权利要求28或29所述的方法，其中所述癌症为胃癌、食管癌、胰腺癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、结肠癌、肝癌、头颈癌或胆囊癌。
  31. 如权利要求28-30中任一项所述的方法，其中所述癌症为胃、食管、胰管、胆管、肺或卵巢的腺癌。
  32. 如权利要求28-31中任一项所述的方法，其中所述癌症为胃癌或胰腺癌。
  33. 医用制品，其包含权利要求1至16中任一项所述的缀合物或权利要求17所述的药物组合物。
  34. 权利要求33所述的医用制品，其以药盒的形式存在，所述药盒包含容纳权利要求1至16中任一项所述的缀合物或权利要求17所述的药物组合物的容器。
  35. 权利要求1-16任一项所述的缀合物与抗增生剂在制备治疗肿瘤药物中的用途。
  36. 药物组合物，包含权利要求1-16任一项所述的缀合物和抗增生剂。
  37. 治疗个体中肿瘤的方法，包括将治疗有效量的权利要求1至16中任一项所述的缀合物或权利要求17所述的药物组合物与抗增生剂施用于患有所述肿瘤的个体。
  38. 如权利要求35所述的用途或权利要求36所述的药物组合物或权利要求37所述的方法，其中所述抗增生剂选自紫杉醇、多柔比星、多西他赛、顺铂、卡铂或异丙铂。
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CN116669730A (zh) 2023-08-29
CA3200465A1 (en) 2022-06-02
JP2023552006A (ja) 2023-12-13
JP7699216B2 (ja) 2025-06-26
KR20230135045A (ko) 2023-09-22
EP4252782A4 (en) 2025-12-10
AU2021388643B2 (en) 2025-10-16
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