WO2022114464A1 - 직류/직류 컨버터 및 이의 제어 방법 - Google Patents
직류/직류 컨버터 및 이의 제어 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022114464A1 WO2022114464A1 PCT/KR2021/011656 KR2021011656W WO2022114464A1 WO 2022114464 A1 WO2022114464 A1 WO 2022114464A1 KR 2021011656 W KR2021011656 W KR 2021011656W WO 2022114464 A1 WO2022114464 A1 WO 2022114464A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
- H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/927—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/933—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from DC input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/10—Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/94—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery current
- H02J7/947—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery current in response to integrated charge or discharge current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
Definitions
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a DC/DC converter and a method for controlling the same.
- an energy storage system (ESS) is used.
- the energy storage system receives power and charges the battery.
- the energy storage system supplies power by discharging the power charged from the battery when power is needed. This allows the energy storage system to supply power flexibly.
- the power supply system when the power supply system includes the energy storage system, it operates as follows.
- the energy storage system discharges the electrical energy stored in the battery when the load or grid is overloaded.
- the energy storage system receives power from the power generation device or the system and charges the battery.
- the energy storage system when the energy storage system independently exists regardless of the power supply system, the energy storage system receives idle power from an external power supply and charges the battery. Also, when the system or load is overloaded, the energy storage system supplies power by discharging the power charged from the battery.
- Such an energy storage system performs droop control in order to improve stability during a charging or discharging operation of a battery.
- the energy storage system performed droop control according to the state of charge (SOC) of the battery.
- SOC state of charge
- the conventional droop control method has a disadvantage in that the charging/discharging voltage and the droop curve are fixed, so that the operating point of the DC/DC converter is changed only along the predetermined droop curve.
- the power output is fixed to 0 in the idle section, there is a problem in that an unresponsive section occurs during voltage drop or rise.
- discharging and idle operation are impossible, when located within the discharging voltage section, charging and idle operation are impossible, and charging and discharging are impossible in the idle section.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a DC/DC converter capable of actively changing a droop control curve and an operating point, and a control method thereof.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a DC/DC converter with improved compatibility and control safety by matching inverters of various manufacturers with different operating areas and a control method thereof.
- receiving a required power value from an inverter receiving a reference voltage value from the inverter; calculating a slope of a droop control curve according to the reference voltage value and the required power value; receiving a link voltage value from a DC link capacitor; calculating an output power value by substituting a difference between the link voltage value and the reference voltage value into the slope; and calculating a target current value according to the output power value.
- Calculating the slope of the droop control curve may include calculating a right slope based on the reference voltage value; and calculating a left slope based on the reference voltage value.
- the calculating of the right slope may include calculating the right slope of the droop control curve using the reference voltage value and the required power value as operating points according to Equation 1 below.
- Equation 1 Slope 1 is the right slope of the droop control curve based on the reference voltage value, P H,Limit is the maximum charging power value, V H,Limit is the maximum charging power starting voltage value, and P set is It is the required power value input from the inverter, and V ref is the reference voltage value input from the inverter)
- the calculating of the left slope may include calculating the left slope of the droop control curve using the reference voltage value and the required power value as operating points according to Equation 2 below.
- Equation 2 Slope 2 is the left slope of the droop control curve based on the reference voltage value, P L,Limit is the maximum discharge power value, V L,Limit is the maximum discharge power starting voltage value, and P set is It is the required power value input from the inverter, and V ref is the reference voltage value input from the inverter)
- the method may further include outputting the target current value to the battery.
- an input unit for receiving a required power value and a reference voltage value from an inverter and receiving a link voltage value from a DC link capacitor; and calculating a slope of a droop control curve according to the reference voltage value and the required power value, and calculating an output power value by substituting a difference value between the link voltage value and the reference voltage value into the slope, and the output power value It may include a control unit for calculating the target current value according to the.
- the DC/DC converter and its control method can change the operating point of the DC/DC converter.
- response stability according to voltage fluctuations in the entire operating voltage section may be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a schematic configuration of a power supply system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a view for explaining an energy storage system according to an embodiment.
- FIG 3 is a view for explaining a DC/DC converter according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a control system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a control unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a droop control curve of an energy storage system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a voltage-power plane for explaining an operation region of a control unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a voltage-power plane for explaining an operation region of a control unit according to an embodiment.
- 9 is a voltage-power plane for explaining an operating region of a control unit according to an embodiment.
- 10 is a voltage-power plane for explaining an operation region of a control unit according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is an operation flowchart of a method for controlling a DC/DC converter according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the advantage of expanding the operating range for the proposed droop control compared to the existing droop control.
- the singular form may also include the plural form unless otherwise specified in the phrase, and when it is described as "at least one (or more than one) of A and (and) B, C", it is combined as A, B, C It may include one or more of all possible combinations.
- a component when it is described that a component is 'connected', 'coupled' or 'connected' to another component, the component is not only directly connected, coupled or connected to the other component, but also with the component It may also include a case of 'connected', 'coupled' or 'connected' due to another element between the other elements.
- top (above) or under (below) is one as well as when two components are in direct contact with each other. Also includes a case in which another component as described above is formed or disposed between two components.
- upper (upper) or lower (lower) when expressed as "upper (upper) or lower (lower)", the meaning of not only an upper direction but also a lower direction based on one component may be included.
- the power supply system 1 includes a power generation device 10 , an energy storage system 20 , an inverter 30 , an AC filter 40 , an AC/AC converter 50 , and a system 60 , a system control unit 80 , and a load 70 .
- the power generation device 10 may generate electrical energy.
- the power generation device 10 may be a solar cell array.
- a solar cell array is a combination of a plurality of solar cell modules.
- the solar cell module may be a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy by connecting a plurality of solar cells in series or in parallel to generate a predetermined voltage and current. Therefore, the solar cell array can absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical energy.
- the power generation device 10 when the power generation device 10 is a wind power generation system, the power generation device 10 may be a fan that converts wind energy into electrical energy.
- the power generation device 10 is not limited thereto, and may be configured as a tidal power generation system in addition to the solar power generation system and the wind power generation system.
- the power generation device 10 is not limited to the above-mentioned types, and may include all power generation systems that generate electrical energy using renewable energy, such as solar heat or geothermal heat.
- the power supply system 1 may supply power through only the energy storage system 20 without the power generation device 10 .
- the power supply system 1 may not include the power generation device 10 .
- the inverter 30 may convert DC power into AC power. More specifically, DC power supplied by the power generation device 10 or DC power discharged by the energy storage system 20 may be converted into AC power.
- the AC filter 40 may filter noise of power converted into AC power. Also, the AC filter 40 may be omitted according to an embodiment.
- the AC/AC converter 50 converts the voltage of the noise-filtered AC power so that the AC power can be supplied to the system 60 or the load 70, and converts the converted AC power to the system 60 or the load ( 70) can be supplied.
- the AC/AC converter 50 may be omitted.
- the system 60 is a system in which many power plants, substations, transmission and distribution lines, and loads are integrated to generate and use electric power.
- the load 70 may consume electric power by receiving electric energy from a power generation system such as the power generation device 10 or the energy storage system 20 .
- the energy storage system (20; ESS; Energy Storage System) may receive electric energy from the power generation device 10 and charge it, and discharge the charged electric energy according to the power supply and demand situation of the system 60 or the load 70. . More specifically, when the system 60 or the load 70 is a light load, the energy storage system 20 may be charged by receiving idle power from the power generation device 10 . When the system 60 or the load 70 is overloaded, the energy storage system 20 may supply power to the system 60 or the load 70 by discharging the charged power. In addition, the energy storage system 20 may be electrically connected to the generator 10 and may be connected between the generator 10 and the inverter 30 to be electrically connected to the inverter 30 .
- the system controller 80 may control operations of the energy storage system 20 , the inverter 30 , and the AC/AC converter 50 . More specifically, the system controller 80 may control charging and discharging of the energy storage system 20 . When the system 60 or the load 70 is overloaded, the system controller 80 may control the energy storage system 20 to supply power to deliver power to the system 60 or the load 70 . . When the system 60 or the load 70 is a light load, the system controller 80 may control the external power supply or the power generation device 10 to supply power to the energy storage system 20 .
- FIG. 2 is a view for explaining an energy storage system according to an embodiment.
- the energy storage system 20 may include a DC/DC converter 100 , a battery 200 , and a charging control unit 300 .
- the energy storage system 20 may be connected to the inverter 30 through the DC link capacitor 90 . That is, the DC link capacitor 90 may be disposed between the energy storage system 20 and the inverter 30 . Accordingly, the energy storage system 20 may receive the DC voltage Vdc of the DC link capacitor 90 in the charging mode and provide the DC voltage Vdc to the DC link capacitor 90 in the discharge mode.
- the battery 200 may receive charging power from the DC/DC converter 100 in the charging mode, and may perform a charging operation based on the received power. Also, the battery 200 may output pre-stored power to the DC/DC converter 100 in the discharging mode. Also, the battery 200 may include a plurality of battery cells to perform a charging operation and a discharging operation.
- the charging control unit 300 may include a battery management system (BMS).
- BMS battery management system
- the charging controller 300 may provide battery state information on the state of the battery 200 to the system controller 80 .
- the charging control unit 300 monitors at least one of voltage, current, temperature, remaining power, and charging state of the battery 200 , and transmits the monitored state information of the battery 200 to the system control unit 80 . can transmit
- the charging control unit 300 may allow a plurality of battery cells to maintain an appropriate voltage while charging or discharging.
- the charging control unit 300 may operate based on a control signal of the system control unit 80 .
- the charging control unit 300 may control the DC/DC converter 100 according to the monitored state information of the battery 200 .
- the charging control unit 300 may control the DC/DC converter 100 according to a charging mode or a discharging mode. More specifically, the charging control unit 300 provides a charge control signal or a discharge control signal for controlling the DC/DC converter 100 to the converter control unit of the DC/DC converter 100 , and the DC/DC converter 100 . The converter control unit of the may provide the PWM signal to the switch of the DC/DC converter 100 based on the charge control signal or the discharge control signal. Also, the charging control unit 300 may control the DC/DC converter 100 for initial charging of the DC link capacitor 90 in the discharging mode of the battery 200 .
- the charging control unit 300 provides an initial charging control signal for controlling the DC/DC converter 100 to the converter control unit of the DC/DC converter 100 , and the converter control unit of the DC/DC converter 100 is initially An initial charging switch signal may be provided to the switch of the DC/DC converter 100 based on the charging control signal. Also, the charging control unit 300 may control the DC/DC converter 100 in order to increase the power conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter 100 .
- the charging control unit 300 provides a power conversion efficiency control signal capable of increasing the power conversion efficiency of the DC/DC converter 100 to the converter control unit of the DC/DC converter 100, and the DC/DC converter ( The converter control unit of 100 ) may provide a PWM signal to the switch of the DC/DC converter 100 based on the power conversion efficiency control signal.
- the DC/DC converter 100 may convert the magnitude of DC power supplied by the energy storage system 20 in the charging mode or supplied in the discharging mode. More specifically, the DC/DC converter 100 converts the DC power provided from the generator 10 or the inverter 30 to the DC link capacitor 90 into a voltage level for charging the battery 200 and converts it into a battery ( 200) can be provided. Also, the DC/DC converter 100 may convert the DC power provided by the battery 200 to a voltage level that the inverter 30 can use and provide it to the DC link capacitor 90 .
- FIG 3 is a view for explaining a DC/DC converter according to an embodiment.
- the DC/DC converter 100 may convert the amount of DC power supplied by the energy storage system 20 in the charging mode or supplied in the discharging mode. That is, the DC/DC converter 100 may be a bidirectional DC/DC converter. More specifically, the DC/DC converter 100 converts the DC power provided from the generator 10 or the inverter 30 to the DC link capacitor 90 into a voltage level for charging the battery 200 and converts it into a battery ( 200) can be provided. Also, the DC/DC converter 100 may convert the DC power provided by the battery 200 into a voltage level that the inverter 30 can use and provide it to the DC link capacitor 90 .
- the DC/DC converter 100 may operate in a charging mode, an idle operation mode, and a discharging mode based on the voltage provided from the DC link capacitor 90 . That is, the DC/DC converter 100 monitors the voltage provided from the DC link capacitor 90 even if the control signal of the charging control unit 300 is not provided to determine whether the charging mode, the idle operation mode, and the discharging mode are operated. can work
- the DC/DC converter 100 may include an overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 , a bridge circuit unit 120 , a control unit 130 , a DC stabilization circuit unit 140 , and a sensing unit 150 .
- the control unit 130 may control the bridge circuit unit 120 .
- the control unit 130 may generate a PWM signal based on the control signal provided from the charging control unit 300 and provide it to the bridge circuit unit 120 including the switch.
- the controller 130 may determine the operation mode and output power according to the magnitude of the voltage provided from the DC link capacitor 90 .
- the controller 130 may generate a PWM signal based on the determined output power and provide it to the bridge circuit unit 120 including the switch. A detailed description of another example will be described later.
- the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 may prevent EOS or overcurrent flowing into or out of the energy storage system 20 .
- the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 may be disposed between the first terminal Na to which the DC link capacitor 90 is connected and the bridge circuit unit 120 .
- the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 may include a circuit breaker. In this case, the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 may open between the first terminal Na and the bridge circuit unit 120 when EOS or overcurrent flows into the energy storage system 20 . Accordingly, the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 may block input and output of the energy storage system 20 and an external current.
- the bridge circuit unit 120 may be disposed between the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 and the DC stabilization circuit unit 140 to be electrically connected to each component.
- the bridge circuit unit 120 may drop the DC voltage of the DC power input from the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 in the step-down mode and output it to the DC stabilization circuit unit 140 .
- the bridge circuit unit 120 may increase the DC voltage of the DC power input from the DC stabilization circuit unit 140 in the step-up mode and output it to the overcurrent protection circuit unit 110 .
- the bridge circuit unit 120 may include one or more switches.
- the bridge circuit unit 120 may be an insulated full bridge circuit.
- the bridge circuit unit 120 may be a non-isolated full bridge circuit.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and the bridge circuit unit 120 may be configured as a half bridge circuit.
- the bridge circuit unit 120 may operate based on the PWM signal of the control unit 130 .
- the DC stabilization circuit unit 140 may operate to increase the DC voltage in the step-up mode of the bridge circuit unit 120 and may operate to decrease the DC voltage in the step-down mode. Also, the DC stabilization circuit unit 140 may be an LC filter. The DC stabilization circuit unit 140 may be connected to the second terminal Nb.
- the sensing unit 150 may sense the voltage of the first terminal Na and provide it to the control unit 130 .
- the voltage of the first terminal Na may be a DC voltage provided by the DC link capacitor 90 .
- the sensing unit 150 may be controlled by the control unit 130 .
- another embodiment can quickly determine the operating mode of charging or discharging the battery.
- another embodiment does not require a separate communication line and a communication unit for droop control when charging or discharging the battery.
- another embodiment enables rapid droop control when charging or discharging a battery.
- FIG. 4 and 5 are diagrams for explaining a control unit according to an embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a droop control curve of an energy storage system according to an embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a target current determiner of FIG. 5
- FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the current control unit of FIG. 5 .
- the control unit 130 of the DC/DC converter 100 includes an input unit 131, an operation mode determination unit 132, a slope calculation unit 133, an output power value calculation unit ( 134 ), a target current calculator 135 , and a current controller 136 .
- the input unit 131 may receive a required power value and a reference voltage value from the inverter, and may receive a link voltage value from the DC link capacitor.
- the operation mode determiner 132 may determine the operation mode based on the required power value and the reference voltage value received from the inverter. More specifically, upon receiving the required power value and the reference voltage value, the control unit 130 sets a new operating point, and the operation mode determiner 132 may set the operating mode according to the newly set operating point. For example, the operation mode determiner 132 may calculate a threshold voltage for determining the charging and discharging modes according to the reference voltage value and the required power value, and determine the operation mode according to the threshold voltage. The operation mode determiner 132 may set a voltage value corresponding to the operating point as a threshold voltage, and may determine a right direction as a charging area and a left direction as a discharge area based on the threshold voltage.
- the input unit 131 and the operation mode determiner 132 may receive the inverter operation region from the inverter to set and determine the operation range. In addition, by receiving the required power value from the link voltage and the inverter, it is possible to determine and output the charging and discharging operation modes through this.
- the control unit 130 calculates a new slope of the droop control curve based on the newly set operating point, and the operation mode determiner 132 compares the input link voltage value with the operating point thereafter to determine the charging mode, A discharge mode or an idle operation mode can be determined.
- the operation mode determiner 132 may determine the charging mode when the link voltage value is equal to or greater than the reference voltage value.
- the operation mode determiner 132 may determine the discharge mode when the link voltage value is equal to or less than the reference voltage value.
- the operation mode determiner 132 may determine the idle mode when the link voltage value is the same as the reference voltage value.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a case in which the required power value of the inverter is 0 [W], and the reference voltage value is set as a default.
- the DC/DC converter 100 receives the required power value and the reference voltage value from the inverter, a new operating point is set, and the operation mode determining unit 132 is newly set The operation mode is set according to the operation point.
- the output power may be limited to the maximum power including the maximum power.
- the maximum power may include a maximum charging power (PCMax) and a maximum discharging power (PDMax).
- the maximum charging power (PCMax) may be a power value at which the output power may be maximized in the charging mode in which the operation mode is the charging mode.
- the maximum discharging power PDMax may be a power value at which the output power may be maximized in the discharging mode in which the operation mode is the discharging mode.
- the operation mode determiner 132 may determine the operation mode according to the voltage state of the battery 200 . More specifically, the operation mode determiner 132 may operate in the charging mode when the voltage of the battery 200 is equal to or greater than a predetermined voltage.
- the operation mode determiner 132 may determine the operation mode and output power according to the user's control. In this case, the user can determine the operation mode and output power either directly or using communication.
- the operation mode determiner 132 may determine the operation mode and output power by selecting any one of one example, another example, and another example.
- the slope calculating unit 133 may calculate the slope of the droop control curve according to the reference voltage value and the required power value.
- the slope calculating unit 133 may calculate a right slope based on the reference voltage value and calculate a left slope based on the reference voltage value.
- the slope calculating unit 133 may calculate the right slope of the droop control curve using the reference voltage value as the operating point according to Equation 1 below.
- Equation 1 Slope 1 is the right slope of the droop control curve based on the reference voltage value, P H,Limit is the maximum charging power value, V H,Limit is the maximum charging power starting voltage value, and P set is the inverter It is the required power value input from , and V ref is the reference voltage value input from the inverter.
- the slope calculating unit 133 may calculate a left slope using the reference voltage value as an operating point according to Equation 2 below.
- Equation 2 Slope 2 is the left slope of the droop control curve based on the reference voltage value, P L,Limit is the maximum discharge power value, V L,Limit is the maximum discharge power starting voltage value, and P set is the inverter It is the required power value input from , and V ref is the reference voltage value input from the inverter.
- a right slope of the droop control curve may be a charging power slope
- a left slope may mean a discharge power slope.
- the charging power slope and the discharging power slope may be different from each other, but not limited thereto, and may be the same as each other.
- the output power value calculating unit 134 may calculate the output power value by substituting the difference between the link voltage value and the reference voltage value into the slope.
- the output power value calculator 134 may perform duty value compensation using the target current generation value and the feedback current.
- the output power value calculating unit 134 may calculate the output power value by multiplying the difference value obtained by subtracting the reference voltage value from the link voltage value by the left slope of the droop control curve in the discharging mode.
- the output power value calculating unit 134 may calculate the output power value by multiplying the difference value obtained by subtracting the link voltage value from the reference voltage value by the right slope of the droop control curve.
- the output power value calculating unit 134 may generate a current command by reflecting the target power value in a newly created droop control curve according to the calculated slope. That is, the power command may be generated according to the link voltage, and the current command may be generated by compensating the power command value according to the required power value of the inverter and the reference voltage value.
- the target current determiner 135 determines the operation mode and output power A target current may be determined based on .
- the target current determiner 135 may determine the final duty based on the basic duty value and the current compensation duty value according to the input/output voltage.
- the target current determiner 135 may receive the operation mode output and switch the current command according to the mode.
- the current controller 136 may output the target current value to the battery.
- the current control unit 136 includes a charging current control unit 1361 , a discharging current control unit 1363 , and an idle control unit 1362 , and each of the control units 1361 to 1363 may operate according to the output operation mode.
- the current controller 136 may generate a PWM signal that is a switching signal based on the determined target current.
- the controller sets a new operating point when receiving a required power value and a reference voltage value from the inverter, and calculates the slope of the droop control curve according to the newly set operating point.
- the calculated slope is reflected in the droop control curve to generate a new droop control curve, and the controller may calculate the output power and the target current by substituting the link voltage value into the new droop control curve.
- FIG. 8 is a voltage-power plane for explaining an operation region of a control unit according to an embodiment.
- control unit may receive a required power value of 0 [W] from the inverter. Also, the input unit may receive a link voltage value of 400 [V] from the DC link capacitor.
- the controller may calculate a right slope and a left slope of the droop control curve based on the reference voltage value according to the received power demand value.
- the slope of the droop control curve may be calculated as 350, which was initially set.
- the control unit calculates a difference value between the reference voltage value 410 [V], which is a set value, and the link voltage value 400 [V], substitutes the calculated difference value into the previously calculated slope and adds the required power value to the output power value can be calculated.
- the control unit may calculate the output power value by substituting the difference value to the left slope, and in the charging mode, the output power value may be calculated by substituting the difference value into the right slope.
- the controller may calculate an output power value of -3500 [W] by adding the difference value to the calculated slope of -3500 [W] and the required power value of 0 [W].
- the controller may calculate the target current value by dividing the output power value by the battery voltage.
- the controller may calculate the target current value of -35 [A] by dividing the output power value of -3500 [W] by the battery voltage of 100 [V].
- 9 is a voltage-power plane for explaining the operation region of the control unit according to the embodiment.
- the input unit may receive a required power value of -4500 [W] from the inverter. Also, the input unit may receive a link voltage value of 425 [V] from the DC link capacitor.
- the controller may calculate the right slope and the left slope of the droop control curve based on the reference voltage value of 425 [V] according to the received power demand value.
- an operating point may be changed according to a required power value and a reference voltage value, and a left slope of the droop control curve may be changed from an initial setting value of 350 to 71.42 and reflected according to the changed operating point.
- the control unit calculates a difference value between the reference voltage value 425 [V], which is a setting value, and the link voltage value 425 [V], substitutes the calculated difference value into the previously calculated slope and adds the required power value to the output power value can be calculated.
- the control unit may calculate the output power value by substituting the difference value to the left slope, and in the charging mode, the output power value may be calculated by substituting the difference value into the right slope.
- the controller may calculate an output power value of -4500 [W] by adding a value 0 [W] obtained by substituting the difference value to the calculated slope and a required power value of -4500 [W].
- the controller may calculate the target current value by dividing the output power value by the battery voltage.
- the controller may calculate the target current value of -45 [A] by dividing the output power value of -4500 [W] by the battery voltage of 100 [V].
- the controller may output the calculated target current value to the battery.
- the DC/DC converter receives the required power value from the inverter, calculates a new slope of the droop control curve, and calculates the current output to the battery according to the droop control curve reflecting the newly calculated slope.
- the operating point of the DC converter can be changed.
- a quick response is possible without physical voltage fluctuations, and charging, discharging, and idle operation can be performed in all operation sections.
- 10 is a voltage-power plane for explaining the operation region of the control unit according to the embodiment.
- the input unit may receive a required power value of -4500 [W] from the inverter. Also, the input unit may receive a link voltage value of 425 [V] from the DC link capacitor.
- the controller may calculate a right slope and a left slope of the droop control curve based on the reference voltage value of 395 [V] according to the received power demand value.
- an operating point may be changed according to a required power value and a reference voltage value, and a left slope of the droop control curve may be changed from an initial setting value of 350 to 100 and reflected according to the changed operating point.
- the control unit calculates a difference value between the reference voltage value 395 [V], which is a set value, and the link voltage value 425 [V], substitutes the calculated difference value into the previously calculated slope and adds the required power value to the output power value can be calculated.
- the control unit may calculate the output power value by substituting the difference value to the left slope, and in the charging mode, the output power value may be calculated by substituting the difference value into the right slope.
- the controller may calculate an output power value of -1500 [W] by adding a value 3000 [W] obtained by substituting a difference value of 30 [V] into the calculated slope 100 and a required power value of -4500 [W] .
- the controller may calculate the target current value by dividing the output power value by the battery voltage.
- the controller may calculate the target current value of -15 [A] by dividing the output power value of -1500 [W] by the battery voltage of 100 [V].
- the controller may output the calculated target current value to the battery.
- the DC/DC converter receives the required power value from the inverter, calculates a new slope of the droop control curve, and calculates the current output to the battery according to the droop control curve reflecting the newly calculated slope.
- the operating point of the DC converter can be changed.
- a quick response is possible without physical voltage fluctuations, and charging, discharging, and idle operation can be performed in all operation sections.
- the input unit may receive a required power value from the inverter ( S1101 ).
- the input unit may receive a reference voltage value from the inverter (S1102).
- the operation mode determiner may calculate a threshold voltage for determining the charging and discharging modes according to the reference voltage value and the required power value (S1103).
- the controller may calculate the slope of the droop control curve based on the threshold voltage according to the reference voltage value and the required power value ( S1104 ).
- the input unit may receive a link voltage value from the DC link capacitor (S1105).
- the controller may calculate the output power value by substituting the difference between the link voltage value and the reference voltage value into the slope (S1106).
- the controller may calculate a target current value according to the output power value (S1107).
- the controller may output the target current value to the battery (S1108).
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the advantage of expanding the operating range for the proposed droop control compared to the existing droop control.
- the charging voltage and the discharging voltage are fixed for each inverter, and accordingly, the charging operation area and the discharging operation area are limited within a predetermined range.
- the DC/DC converter according to the embodiment by newly calculating and applying a droop control curve in real time according to the operating point, it is possible to match inverters of various manufacturers with different operating areas, thereby improving compatibility and control safety. have.
- ' ⁇ unit' used in this embodiment means software or hardware components such as field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or ASIC, and ' ⁇ unit' performs certain roles.
- '-part' is not limited to software or hardware.
- ' ⁇ ' may be configured to reside on an addressable storage medium or may be configured to refresh one or more processors. Accordingly, as an example, ' ⁇ ' indicates components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, and processes, functions, properties, and procedures. , subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuitry, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables.
- components and ' ⁇ units' may be combined into a smaller number of components and ' ⁇ units' or further separated into additional components and ' ⁇ units'.
- components and ' ⁇ units' may be implemented to play one or more CPUs in a device or secure multimedia card.
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- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 인버터로부터 요구 전력 값을 입력받는 단계;상기 인버터로부터 기준 전압 값을 입력받는 단계;상기 기준 전압 값 및 상기 요구 전력 값에 따라 드룹(droop) 제어 커브의 기울기를 연산하는 단계;상기 기준 전압 값 및 상기 요구 전력 값에 따라 충전, 방전모드를 판단하는 임계 전압을 연산하는 단계;직류 링크 캐패시터로부터 링크 전압 값을 입력받는 단계;상기 링크 전압 값과 상기 기준 전압 값의 차이값을 상기 기울기에 대입하여 출력 전력 값을 연산하는 단계; 및상기 출력 전력 값에 따른 목표 전류 값을 연산하는 단계를 포함하는 직류/직류 컨버터 제어 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 드룹 제어 커브의 기울기를 연산하는 단계는,상기 기준 전압 값을 기준으로 우측 기울기를 연산하는 단계; 및상기 기준 전압 값을 기준으로 좌측 기울기를 연산하는 단계를 포함하는 직류/직류 컨버터 제어 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 목표 전류 값을 상기 배터리로 출력하는 단계를 더 포함하는 직류/직류 컨버터 제어 방법.
- 인버터로부터 요구 전력 값 및 기준 전압 값을 입력받고, 직류 링크 캐패시터로부터 링크 전압 값을 입력받는 입력부; 및상기 기준 전압 값 및 상기 요구 전력 값에 따라 드룹 제어 커브의 기울기를 연산하고, 상기 링크 전압 값과 상기 기준 전압 값의 차이값을 상기 기울기에 대입하여 출력 전력 값을 연산하며, 상기 출력 전력 값에 따른 목표 전류 값을 연산하는 제어부를 포함하는 직류/직류 컨버터.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제어부는 상기 기준 전압 값을 기준으로 우측 기울기를 연산하고, 상기 기준 전압 값을 기준으로 좌측 기울기를 연산하는 직류/직류 컨버터.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제어부는 상기 목표 전류 값을 상기 배터리로 출력하는 직류/직류 컨버터.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21898291.6A EP4254758A4 (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-08-31 | DC/DC CONVERTER AND ITS CONTROL METHOD |
| JP2023532185A JP7738067B2 (ja) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-08-31 | 直流/直流コンバータおよびその制御方法 |
| US18/254,525 US20240014658A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-08-31 | Direct current/direct current converter and control method thereof |
| CN202180078623.9A CN116670991A (zh) | 2020-11-26 | 2021-08-31 | 直流/直流转换器及其控制方法 |
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| KR10-2020-0160979 | 2020-11-26 | ||
| KR1020200160979A KR102917939B1 (ko) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | 직류/직류 컨버터 및 이의 제어 방법 |
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| WO2022114464A1 true WO2022114464A1 (ko) | 2022-06-02 |
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| EP (1) | EP4254758A4 (ko) |
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| CN116418040A (zh) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-07-11 | 上海正泰电源系统有限公司 | 一种基于母线电压分层控制能量流动的方法 |
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| KR20240170320A (ko) * | 2023-05-26 | 2024-12-03 | 엘지이노텍 주식회사 | 전력변환장치 |
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- 2021-08-31 US US18/254,525 patent/US20240014658A1/en active Pending
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- 2021-08-31 WO PCT/KR2021/011656 patent/WO2022114464A1/ko not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4254758A4 (en) | 2024-10-23 |
| KR102917939B1 (ko) | 2026-01-26 |
| KR20220073157A (ko) | 2022-06-03 |
| EP4254758A1 (en) | 2023-10-04 |
| JP7738067B2 (ja) | 2025-09-11 |
| CN116670991A (zh) | 2023-08-29 |
| KR20260015321A (ko) | 2026-02-02 |
| JP2023553345A (ja) | 2023-12-21 |
| US20240014658A1 (en) | 2024-01-11 |
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