WO2022133637A1 - 天线及通讯设备 - Google Patents

天线及通讯设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022133637A1
WO2022133637A1 PCT/CN2020/137913 CN2020137913W WO2022133637A1 WO 2022133637 A1 WO2022133637 A1 WO 2022133637A1 CN 2020137913 W CN2020137913 W CN 2020137913W WO 2022133637 A1 WO2022133637 A1 WO 2022133637A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
signal
signal line
antenna
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/137913
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金莉
卢俊锋
高启强
刘新明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP20966218.8A priority Critical patent/EP4250488A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/137913 priority patent/WO2022133637A1/zh
Priority to CN202080107275.9A priority patent/CN116529953B/zh
Publication of WO2022133637A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022133637A1/zh
Priority to ZA2023/06152A priority patent/ZA202306152B/en
Priority to US18/337,921 priority patent/US12438273B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an antenna and a communication device.
  • the combiner can combine multiple channels of signals of different frequencies into the same output for output, and is often integrated in multi-frequency antennas.
  • the frequency antenna usually receives signals of different frequencies, and uses its own integrated combiner to output the signals of different frequencies from the same outlet one by one.
  • the combiner technology has been developed relatively maturely, and the mainstream forms are as follows: 1. As an independent component, the filtering and combining function is enclosed in a cavity, and is connected to other signal transmission equipment through cables or other forms; 2. and phase shifting It can be directly integrated with the filter or other signal transmission equipment, or a cavity is added to realize the partial integration of the filter combination.
  • the disadvantages of these technologies are large size and high cost, or strong interference between modules, or limited space to affect the performance of the filtering part.
  • the present application provides an antenna that can save space without compromising filtering performance.
  • an antenna in a first aspect, includes a first signal line, a second signal line, a combined unit, a combined transmission line, a plurality of first filtering units, and a plurality of cavities, and the first signal line is used to transmit a first signal line.
  • Signal
  • the output ends of the first signal line and the second signal line are connected to the input end of the combined transmission line through a combining unit, and a plurality of first filtering units are respectively electrically connected to the first signal line and located in at least two different cavities.
  • the first filtering unit is used for filtering to ensure the transmission quality of the first signal.
  • the first signal line and the second signal line are used to transmit signals of different frequencies, and the combining unit is used to combine the signals in the first signal line and the second signal line into one signal, and transmit it through the combined transmission line.
  • a signal line, a second signal line, a combining unit and a combined transmission line constitute a combiner.
  • the combining unit may be a metal connecting piece or a metal connecting piece or the like.
  • the combiner is a combiner that combines two signals into one signal. In some embodiments, it can be a combiner that combines three or more lines into one signal.
  • the first filtering unit may be a band-stop filter or a band-pass filter.
  • Band-stop filter refers to a filter that can pass most frequency components, but attenuate frequency components in certain ranges to a very low level. By adjusting the filtering unit, frequency components in certain ranges are attenuated to a very low level. There are out-of-band suppression, Q value, loss, in-band matching, and bandwidth; the filter unit is an equivalent LC loop, which can be composed of a resonant cavity, a medium, an open-circuit branch, and a short-circuit branch.
  • Band-pass filter refers to a filter that allows signals of certain frequency components to pass to the greatest extent by adjusting the filter unit, and attenuates other signals to a very low level.
  • the first filtering unit is a band-pass filter
  • the first filtering unit is connected to the first signal line, that is, only the first signal is allowed to pass through, and other signals except the first signal are filtered out, or the first signal is filtered out.
  • the signal that can interfere with the transmission quality of the first signal so as to ensure the transmission quality of the first self-signal.
  • one end of the second signal line and the first signal line are connected through a combining unit, and part of the second signal of the second signal line is transmitted to the first signal line through the combining unit to interfere with the first signal
  • the first signal transmission stability in the line By connecting the first filtering unit to the first signal line, the second signal can be filtered out, thereby reducing the interference of the second signal on the transmission of the first signal.
  • multiple first filter units are arranged in different cavities, so that the size of each cavity can be set smaller, or in other words, multiple first filter units can be distributed in different cavities in the antenna Instead of being concentrated in one cavity, the cavity in which the first filtering unit is distributed does not need to be set larger, which is beneficial to saving the size of the antenna.
  • the plurality of first filtering units can filter out interference signals with wider bandwidths or the interference signals are filtered more completely.
  • the cavity in the present application is the cavity of the antenna itself, that is, there is no separate additional cavity to place the first filter unit, which can save cost and space of the antenna.
  • the first signal line may be understood as a signal line that is used to transmit the first signal and has a certain length.
  • the plurality of cavities include a first cavity and a second cavity, part of the first signal line and part of the first filter unit are located in the first cavity, part of the first signal line and part of the first The filtering unit is located in the second cavity.
  • the numbers of the first filter units distributed in the first cavity and the second cavity can be arbitrarily matched, and in principle, they are matched and distributed in a space-saving manner.
  • the first signal line is suspended in the first cavity and the second cavity.
  • the combining unit is located in the second cavity.
  • the combining unit may also be located in the first cavity.
  • the first cavity and the second cavity are provided with a first through hole that communicates with the first cavity and the second cavity, and the first signal line passes through the first through hole to make the first cavity
  • the body and the second cavity respectively have part of the first signal lines.
  • the first cavity and the second cavity are arranged adjacently and share a side wall, and the first through hole is arranged on the shared side wall, so that the first cavity and the second cavity can be communicated through the first through hole.
  • the first cavity and the second cavity are provided with a first through hole connecting the first cavity and the second cavity
  • the antenna further includes a first signal connector, the first signal connector Passing through the first through hole, the two ends of the first signal connector are respectively located in the first cavity and the second cavity and are respectively connected to some of the first signal lines in the first cavity and the second cavity.
  • the first signal connector can be a pin or a metal sheet.
  • the first signal connector is electrically insulated from the first cavity and the second cavity to prevent the first cavity and the second cavity from affecting the transmission of the first signal in the first signal connector.
  • the antenna further includes a plurality of second filtering units, and at least part of the second filtering units are electrically connected to the second signal line and located in the second cavity.
  • the second filtering unit may be a band-stop filter or a band-pass filter.
  • the second filtering unit is connected to the second signal line, that is, only the second signal is allowed to pass through, other signals except the second signal are filtered out, or other signals that can affect the transmission quality of the second signal are filtered out, wherein the second signal line It is connected with one end of the first signal line through a combining unit, and part of the first signal of the first signal line will also be transmitted to the second signal line through the combining unit, thereby interfering with the stability of the second signal transmission in the second signal line. sex.
  • the number of the second filter units located in the second cavity is less than the number of the first filter units. That is to say, the number of the second filter units in the second cavity is small, so that there is redundant space in the second cavity to place the first filter units.
  • the antenna further includes a third cavity and a second filtering unit, at least part of the second filtering unit is electrically connected to the second signal line, and the part of the second filtering unit is located in the third cavity.
  • the first cavity and the third cavity are juxtaposed on one side of the second cavity.
  • the second cavity and the third cavity are provided with a second through hole connecting the second cavity and the third cavity, and the second signal line passes through the second through hole to make the second The cavity and the third cavity respectively have part of the second signal lines.
  • the second cavity and the third cavity are arranged adjacently and share a side wall, and the second through hole is arranged on the shared side wall, so that the second cavity and the third cavity can be communicated through the second through hole.
  • a second signal connector is provided on the second cavity and the third cavity, and a connection connecting the second cavity and the third cavity is provided on the second cavity and the third cavity.
  • the second through hole, the second signal connector passes through the second through hole, the two ends of the second signal connector are located in the second cavity and the third cavity respectively, and are respectively connected to a part of the second cavity and the third cavity. signal line.
  • the second signal connector can be a pin or a metal sheet.
  • the second signal connector is electrically insulated from the second cavity and the third cavity, so as to prevent the second cavity and the third cavity from affecting the transmission performance of the second signal in the second signal connector.
  • At least part of the frequency of the signal filtered by each second filtering unit is different.
  • the bandwidth of the filtered interfering signal can be increased, thereby minimizing the influence of the interfering signal.
  • the antenna further includes a phase compensation unit, and the phase compensation unit is disposed in the second cavity.
  • the phase compensation unit is used to compensate the phase of the signal in the combined transmission line.
  • the second cavity itself is a cavity for accommodating the phase compensation unit, that is, the cavity itself is used to place the first cavity. filter unit.
  • the antenna further includes a first phase shifter, the first phase shifter is located in the first cavity and is located at an end of the first signal line away from the first filtering unit, and the first phase shifter can operate Change the phase of the signal in the first signal line.
  • the first cavity is a cavity used to accommodate the first phase shifter, and the first phase shifter and part of the first filter unit are integrated into a first cavity, that is, the first filter unit is accommodated in the antenna itself. In the cavity for accommodating the first phase shifter, no additional cavity is required, which can reduce the weight of the antenna and save the space of the antenna.
  • the antenna further includes a second phase shifter, the second phase shifter is located in the second cavity and is located at an end of the second signal line away from the second filtering unit, and the second phase shifter can operate Change the phase of the signal in the second signal line.
  • the second cavity is a cavity used to accommodate the second phase shifter, and the second phase shifter and part of the second filter unit are integrated into a second cavity, that is, the second filter unit is accommodated in the antenna itself. In the cavity for accommodating the second phase shifter, no additional cavity is required, which can reduce the weight of the antenna and save the space of the antenna.
  • At least part of the frequency of the signal filtered by each first filtering unit is different.
  • the bandwidth of the filtered interfering signal can be increased, thereby minimizing the influence of the interfering signal.
  • a communication device in a second aspect, includes the antenna in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless stated otherwise, “plurality” means two or more.
  • orientation terms such as “upper” and “lower” are defined relative to the orientation in which the structures in the accompanying drawings are schematically placed, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, and they are used relative to descriptions and clarifications, which can vary accordingly depending on the orientation in which the structure is placed.
  • Q value The quality factor of the filter.
  • LC loop Also known as a resonant circuit, tank circuit, or tuned circuit, is a circuit that contains an inductor (denoted by the letter L) and a capacitor (denoted by the letter C) connected together.
  • the antenna provided by the present application distributes multiple filter units in one of the signal lines of the combining unit in different cavities, on the one hand, each cavity can be set smaller; on the other hand, multiple filter units can filter Interfering signals with wider bandwidths are removed or the interfering signals are filtered more completely, improving the filtering effect; on the other hand, the cavity is the cavity of the antenna itself, and there is no separate cavity, which can save costs and space for the antenna.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna 10 .
  • the antenna 10 includes a first signal line 100 , a second signal line 200 , a combining unit 300 , a combined transmission line 400 , a plurality of first filtering
  • the unit 500 (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ) and a plurality of cavities 600 , the first signal line 100 is used to transmit the first signal; the output ends of the first signal line 100 and the second signal line 200 pass through the combining unit 300
  • a plurality of first filtering units 500 are electrically connected to the first signal line 100 respectively, and the plurality of first filtering units 500 are respectively located in at least two different cavities 600.
  • the unit 500 is used for filtering to ensure the transmission quality of the first signal.
  • the first signal line 100 and the second signal line 200 are used for transmitting signals of different frequencies, and the combining unit 300 is used for combining the signals in the first signal line 100 and the second signal line 200 into one signal, and through the combining unit 300
  • the first signal line 100 , the second signal line 200 , the combining unit 300 and the combining transmission line 400 form a combiner.
  • the combining unit 300 may be a metal connecting piece or a metal connecting piece or the like.
  • the combiner is a combiner that combines two signals into one signal. In some embodiments, it can be a combiner that combines three or more lines into one signal.
  • the first filtering unit 500 may be a band-stop filter or a band-pass filter.
  • Band-stop filter refers to a filter that can pass most frequency components, but attenuate frequency components in certain ranges to a very low level. By adjusting the filtering unit, frequency components in certain ranges are attenuated to a very low level. There are out-of-band suppression, Q value, loss, in-band matching, and bandwidth; the filter unit is an equivalent LC loop, which can be composed of a resonant cavity, a medium, an open-circuit branch, and a short-circuit branch.
  • the first filtering unit 500 includes open branches (as shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • Band-pass filter refers to a filter that allows signals of certain frequency components to pass to the greatest extent by adjusting the filter unit, and attenuates other signals to a very low level.
  • the first filtering unit 500 is a band-pass filter, and the first filtering unit 500 is connected to the first signal line 100, that is, only the first signal is allowed to pass through, and other signals except the first signal are filtered out, Alternatively, signals other than the first signal that can interfere with the transmission quality of the first signal are filtered out, so as to ensure the transmission quality of the first self-signal.
  • one end of the second signal line 200 and the first signal line 100 are connected through the combining unit 300 , and part of the second signal of the second signal line 200 is transmitted to the first signal line 100 through the combining unit 300 In turn, the transmission stability of the first signal in the first signal line 100 is disturbed.
  • the first filtering unit 500 By connecting the first filtering unit 500 to the first signal line 100, the second signal can be filtered out, thereby reducing the interference of the second signal on the transmission of the first signal.
  • multiple first filtering units 500 are arranged in different cavities 600 , so that the size of each cavity 600 can be set smaller, or in other words, multiple first filtering units 500 can be distributed in the antenna 10
  • the cavity 600 in which the first filtering unit 500 is distributed does not need to be set larger, which is beneficial to saving the size of the antenna 10.
  • the plurality of first filtering units 500 can filter out interference signals with wider bandwidths or the interference signals are filtered more completely.
  • each of the first filtering units 500 can filter out interference signals with a frequency range of 0.2 Hz.
  • one of the first filtering units 500 can filter out interference signals with a frequency of 1.5 Hz-1.7 Hz.
  • Interference signal a first filter unit 500 can filter out interference signals with a frequency of 1.7Hz-1.9Hz
  • a first filter unit 500 can filter out interference signals with a frequency of 1.9Hz-2.1Hz.
  • three first filters The unit 500 can filter out the interference signal of 1.5Hz-2.1Hz.
  • the more first filtering units 500 are, the wider the bandwidth of the interference signal that can be filtered out, the less the interference to the first signal transmission, and the less the transmission path. It is necessary to increase the resistance to eliminate the resonance effect between the signal lines; in other words, when the bandwidth of the interference signal to be filtered is the same, the more first filtering units 500, the wider the interference signal to be filtered by each first filtering unit 500. Narrower, the more complete the filtering of the interference signal by the first filtering unit 500 is. For example, when only one first filtering unit 500 is used to filter out the interference signal of 1.5Hz-2.1Hz, the filtering effect is better than that when three first filtering units are used.
  • the filtering effect of the unit 500 for filtering out three different frequency ranges in the 1.5Hz-2.1Hz interference signal is poor. Moreover, when all the first filtering units 500 are installed in one cavity at the same time, there will be signal interference between the first filtering units 500, which reduces the filtering effect.
  • the cavity 600 in the present application is the cavity 600 of the antenna 10 itself, that is, there is no separate additional cavity 600 to place the first filter unit 500 , which can save cost and space of the antenna 10 .
  • it can be arranged in the cavity 600 where the phase shifter is placed, or in the cavity 600 where the phase compensation unit is placed.
  • the first signal line 100 can be understood as a signal line with a certain length for transmitting the first signal.
  • the antenna 10 includes a radiating element and a signal transmission port, the radiating element is used for receiving or transmitting signals.
  • the transmission port is used for transmitting the signal received from the radiation unit to the remote electronic device electrically connected with the antenna 10 or for transmitting the signal transmitted by the remote electronic device to the antenna 10,
  • the first signal line 100 can be a signal The signal line between the transmission port and the radiation unit.
  • the antenna 10 provided by the present application distributes the plurality of first filtering units 500 on the first signal line 100 in different cavities 600, on the one hand, the cavities 600 can be set smaller, which is beneficial to save the size of the antenna 10; On the one hand, the plurality of first filtering units 500 in different cavities 600 can filter out interference signals with wider bandwidths or the interference signals are filtered more completely, thereby improving the filtering effect; on the other hand, the cavities 600 are provided by the antenna 10 itself. In the cavity 600, there is no separate additional setting for the cavity 600 to place the first filter unit 500, which can save cost and space of the antenna 10.
  • each first filtering unit 500 can filter out interference signals with a frequency range of 0.2 Hz.
  • one of the first filtering units 500 can filter out an interference signal with a frequency of 1.5 Hz.
  • a first filter unit 500 can filter out the interference signal with the frequency of 1.7Hz-1.9Hz
  • a first filter unit 500 can filter out the interference signal with the frequency of 1.9Hz-2.1Hz.
  • the three first filtering units 500 can filter out interference signals of 1.5 Hz-2.1 Hz. The more first filtering units 500 are, the wider the bandwidth of the interference signals that can be filtered out, and the less interference to the first signal transmission.
  • the cavity 600 includes a first cavity 610 and a second cavity 620 (as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 ), and part of the first signal line 100 and part of the first filter unit 500 are located in the In a cavity 610 (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ), part of the first signal line 100 and part of the first filter unit 500 are located in the second cavity 620 .
  • there are two cavities 600 and a plurality of first filter units 500 are distributed in the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 .
  • the number of the first filter units 500 distributed in the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 can be arbitrarily matched, and in principle, the distribution is in a space-saving manner.
  • the first signal line 100 is suspended in the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 .
  • the number of cavities 600 may be three or more, and the plurality of first filtering units 500 are distributed in three or more cavities 600 .
  • the combining unit 300 is located in the second cavity 620 (as shown in FIG. 3 ). That is to say, the first signal line 100 and the second signal line 200 are connected to the combining unit 300 in the second cavity 620 . In some embodiments, the combining unit 300 may be located in the first cavity 610 , and the first signal line 100 and the second signal line 200 are connected to the combining unit 300 in the first cavity 610 .
  • the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 are provided with a first through hole 601 (as shown in FIG. 3 ) that communicates with the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 .
  • the signal line 100 passes through the first through hole 601 so that the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 respectively have part of the first signal line 100 .
  • the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 are disposed adjacent to one another and share a side wall, and the first through hole 601 is disposed on the shared side wall, so that the first cavity can be communicated through the first through hole 601 body 610 and second cavity 620 .
  • the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 are provided with a first through hole 601 connecting the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 (as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 )
  • the antenna 10 further includes a first signal connector 700
  • the first signal connector 700 is penetrated in the first through hole 601
  • both ends of the first signal connector 700 are located in the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 respectively Part of the first signal lines 100 in the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 are respectively connected.
  • the first signal lines 100 in the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 are electrically connected through the first signal connector 700 .
  • the first signal connector 700 can be a pin or a metal sheet.
  • the first signal connector 700 is electrically insulated from the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 to prevent the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 from affecting the first signal in the first signal connector 700 transmission.
  • the antenna 10 further includes a plurality of second filtering units 800 (as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 ). At least some of the second filtering units 800 are electrically connected to the second signal line 200 and located on the first inside the second cavity 620 .
  • the second filtering unit 800 may be a band-stop filter or a band-pass filter.
  • the second filtering unit 800 is a band-pass filter, and the second filtering unit 800 is connected to the second signal line 200, that is, only the second signal is allowed to pass through, and other signals except the second signal are filtered out, Or filter out other signals that can affect the transmission quality of the second signal, wherein one end of the second signal line 200 and the first signal line 100 are connected through the combining unit 300, and part of the first signal of the first signal line 100 will also pass through this
  • the combining unit 300 transmits to the second signal line 200 to interfere with the stability of the second signal transmission in the second signal line 200 .
  • the second filtering unit 800 By connecting the second filtering unit 800 to the second signal line 200, the first signal can be filtered out, thereby reducing the interference of the first signal to the transmission of the second signal.
  • all the second filtering units 800 are disposed in the second cavity 620 , and there are two second filtering units 800 , which are the second filtering unit 800 a and the second filtering unit 800 b respectively.
  • the second filtering unit 800 may also be disposed in other cavities.
  • each second filtering unit 800 can filter out interference signals with an interval width of 0.3 Hz.
  • one of the second filtering units 800 can filter out interference signals with an interval of 2.3 Hz-2.6 Hz.
  • Interfering signals one second filtering unit 800 can filter out interfering signals in the range of 2.6Hz-2.9Hz, and two second filtering units 800 can filter out interfering signals in the range of 2.3Hz-2.9Hz. The wider the bandwidth of the interference signal that can be filtered out, the less interference to the transmission of the second signal.
  • the number of the second filtering units 800 located in the second cavity 620 is less than the number of the first filtering units 500 . That is to say, the number of the second filter units 800 in the second cavity 620 is small, so that there is extra space in the second cavity 620 to place the first filter units 500 .
  • the spaces of the first cavity 610 and the second cavity 620 are equal, and the number of the first filter units 500 is large, part of the first filter units 500 are arranged in the second cavity 620, which can make full use of the first filter unit 500.
  • the space in the two cavities 620 also avoids that the number of the first filtering units 500 in the first cavity 610 is too large to affect the filtering performance.
  • the number of the first filtering units 500 is four, and the number of the second filtering units 800 is two. Referring to FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, the number of the first filtering units 500 is three, and the number of the second filtering units 800 is two.
  • the number of the first filtering units 500 in the second cavity 620 is less than the number of the first filtering units 500 in the first cavity 610 .
  • most of the first filter units 500 are arranged in the first cavity 610 , and a small part of the first filter units 500 are arranged in the second cavity 620 .
  • the number of the first filter units 500 is four (as shown in FIG. 2 ), the first cavity 610 has three first filter units 500 , and the second cavity 620 has one first filter unit 500 .
  • a filtering unit 500 is respectively a first filtering unit 500a, a first filtering unit 500b, a first filtering unit 500c and a first filtering unit 500d, wherein the first filtering unit 500a, the first filtering unit 500b and the first filtering unit 500c Located in the first cavity 610 , the first filtering unit 500d is located in the second cavity 620 .
  • the antenna 10 further includes a first phase shifter 1100 , and the first phase shifter 1100 is located in the first cavity 610 and located on the first signal line 100 away from the first filtering unit At one end of 500, the first phase shifter 1100 can change the phase of the signal in the first signal line 100 when working.
  • the first cavity 610 is a cavity for accommodating the first phase shifter 1100 , and the first phase shifter 1100 and part of the first filter unit 500 are integrated into one first cavity 610 , namely the first cavity 610 .
  • a filter unit 500 is accommodated in the cavity of the antenna 10 for accommodating the first phase shifter 1100 , and no additional cavity 600 is required, which can reduce the weight of the antenna 10 and save the space of the antenna 10 .
  • the first phase shifter 1100 further includes two first dielectric parts 1110 , which are located on the upper and lower sides of the first signal line 100 respectively. When the first dielectric part 1110 moves, the phase in the first signal line 100 can be changed.
  • the antenna 10 further includes a second phase shifter 1200.
  • the second phase shifter 1200 is located in the second cavity 620 and is located at one end of the second signal line 200 away from the second filtering unit 800.
  • the phase shifter 1200 can change the phase of the signal in the second signal line 200 when working.
  • the second cavity 620 is the cavity 600 for accommodating the second phase shifter 1200
  • the second phase shifter 1200 and part of the second filtering units 800 are integrated in one second cavity 620 , namely
  • the second filter unit 800 is accommodated in the cavity of the antenna 10 itself for accommodating the second phase shifter 1200 , without additionally disposing the cavity 600 , which can reduce the weight of the antenna 10 and save the space of the antenna 10 .
  • the second phase shifter 1200 further includes two second dielectric parts 1210 , which are located on the upper and lower sides of the second signal line 200 respectively. When the second dielectric part 1210 moves, the phase in the second signal line 200 can be changed.
  • the antenna 10 further includes a third cavity 630 (shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 ) and a third signal connector 1300 (shown in FIG. 1 ), wherein the first cavity 610 and the second cavity
  • the bodies 620 are arranged side by side on one side of the third cavity 630
  • the third signal connector 1300 is arranged between the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630
  • part of the combined transmission line 400 is located between the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 .
  • the partial combined transmission lines 400 in the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 are connected through the third signal connector 1300 .
  • the third signal connector 1300 may be a pin or a connecting piece, and the third signal connector 1300 is electrically insulated from the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 .
  • the antenna 10 further includes a third cavity 630 and a second filtering unit 800 , and at least part of the second filtering unit 800 is electrically connected to the second signal line 200 and The part of the second filtering unit 800 is located in the third cavity 630 .
  • at least part of the second filtering unit 800 is located in the third cavity 630
  • the combining unit 300 is located in the second cavity 620
  • the output ends of the first signal line 100 and the second signal line 200 and the combining The input end of the transmission line 400 is located in the second cavity 620 .
  • the first signal line 100 and the second signal line 200 are combined in the second cavity 620 after passing through the first cavity 610 and the third cavity 630 respectively.
  • the first cavity 610 and the third cavity 630 are arranged side by side on one side of the second cavity 620 .
  • the second filter units 800 are all located in the third cavity 630 , and the second signal lines 200 are processed by the second filter unit 800 in the third cavity 630 before entering the second cavity 620 is combined with the first signal line 100 .
  • the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 are provided with a second through hole 602 (as shown in FIG. 7 ) that communicates with the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 .
  • the signal line 200 passes through the second through hole 602 so that the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 respectively have a part of the second signal line 200 .
  • the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 are disposed adjacent to each other and share a side wall, and the second through hole 602 is disposed on the shared side wall, so that the second cavity can be communicated through the second through hole 602 body 620 and third cavity 630 .
  • the second signal connector 900 (as shown in FIG. 6 ) is provided on the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 , and the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 are provided with There is a second through hole (not shown in FIG. 6 ) communicating with the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 , the second signal connector 900 passes through the second through hole, and both ends of the second signal connector 900 are located in the second through hole respectively.
  • the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 are respectively connected to some of the second signal lines 200 in the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 .
  • the second signal lines 200 in the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 are electrically connected through the second signal connector 900 .
  • the second signal connector 900 can be a pin or a metal sheet.
  • the second signal connector 900 is electrically insulated from the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 to prevent the second cavity 620 and the third cavity 630 from affecting the transmission of the second signal in the second signal connector 900 transmission performance.
  • the antenna 10 further includes a phase compensation unit 1000 , and the phase compensation unit 1000 is disposed in the second cavity 620 .
  • the phase compensation unit 1000 is used for compensating the phase of the signal in the combined transmission line 400.
  • the second cavity 620 itself is the cavity 600 used for accommodating the phase compensation unit 1000, that is, the cavity itself is used. volume to place the first filtering unit 500.
  • the antenna 10 further includes a reflector 1400 and a radome 1500 , and the cavity 600 and components of the cavity 600 are located between the reflector 1400 and the radome 1500 .
  • the cavity 600 , the first signal line 100 , the second signal line 200 , the combining unit 300 and the combined transmission line 400 are part of the feeding network in the antenna 10 , wherein the feeding network further includes a phase-shifting function Sub-units and radiation units, etc.
  • the reflector 1400 is used to reflect signals, improve the sensitivity of the antenna 10 to receive signals, and concentrate the signal reflection on the receiving point of the antenna 1, which not only greatly enhances the receiving/transmitting capability of the antenna 10, but also blocks or shields the signals from the reflector 1400.
  • Other radio waves on the back side interfere with the signal, and the material of the reflector 1400 may be metal.
  • the radome 1500 has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and can withstand external harsh environmental protection and the antenna 10 is protected from the external environment.
  • the cavity 600 includes a first cavity 610 and a second cavity 620 .
  • the first cavity 610 , the second cavity 620 , the third cavity 630 and the components in the three cavities 600 are located between the reflector 1400 and the radome 1500 .
  • the cavity 600 is formed on the reflector 1400 , or one side of the cavity 600 serves as the reflector 1400 of the antenna 10 .
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 1, including the antenna 10 in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the antenna 10 may be multiple, and the multiple antennas 10 are distributed in an array.
  • the communication device 1 further includes: a radio frequency processing unit 20 and a baseband processing unit 30 .
  • the baseband processing unit 30 is connected to the feeding network in the antenna 10 through the radio frequency processing unit 20; the antenna 10 is used to transmit the received wireless signal to the radio frequency processing unit 20, or convert the transmitted signal of the radio frequency processing unit 20 into electromagnetic waves, and send the go out.
  • the radio frequency processing unit 20 is used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the wireless signal received by the antenna 10, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit 30, or, for the baseband processing unit 30.
  • the sent baseband signal or intermediate frequency signal is up-converted, amplified, and sent out through the antenna.
  • the baseband processing unit 30 is configured to process the intermediate frequency signal or the baseband signal sent by the radio frequency processing unit 20 .
  • the radio frequency processing unit 20 is integrated with the antenna 10, the antenna 10 is installed on a pole 40 or an iron tower, the radio frequency processing unit 20 is integrated with the antenna 10, the baseband processing unit 30 is located at the far end of the antenna 10, and It is connected with the radio frequency processing unit 20 through a cable 50 . In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 20 may be located at the far end of the antenna 10 at the same time as the baseband processing unit 30 .

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Abstract

本申请提供一种天线和通讯设备，包括用于传输第一信号的第一信号线、第二信号线、合路单元、合路传输线、多个第一滤波单元以及多个腔体；第一信号线和第二信号线通过合路单元与合路传输线连接，多个第一滤波单元分别电连接在第一信号线上且分别位于至少两个不同的腔体中，第一滤波单元用于滤波以保证第一信号的传输质量。本申请提供的天线将多个第一滤波单元分布于不同的腔体中，一方面可使得每个腔体设置的较小；另一方面多个第一滤波单元可过滤掉带宽较宽的干扰信号或者说干扰信号被过滤的更完全，提升过滤效果；再一方面腔体为天线本身具有的腔体，没有单独额外的设置腔体，可节约成本和天线的空间。

Description

天线及通讯设备 技术领域
本申请涉及天线技术领域，具体涉及一种天线及通讯设备。
背景技术
随着移动通信技术的发展，多频天线在网络覆盖中扮演着越来越重要的角色，合路器可以将多路不同频率的信号合到同一出口输出，常常集成在多频天线中，多频天线通常会接收不同频率的信号，利用自身集成的合路器将不同频率的信号从同一出口一一输出。合路器技术已经发展较为成熟，主流形式有以下几种：1、作为独立部件，滤波合路功能封闭在一个腔体内，通过线缆或其他形式和其他信号传输设备连接；2、和移相器或其他信号传输设备直接集成，或是增加一个腔用来实现滤波合路的部分集成。这些技术缺点是体积大成本高、或是模块间干扰强、或是受限于空间影响滤波部分的性能。
发明内容
本申请提供一种可节约空间且不影响滤波性能的天线。
第一方面，提供一种天线，天线包括第一信号线、第二信号线、合路单元、合路传输线、多个第一滤波单元以及多个腔体，第一信号线用于传输第一信号；
第一信号线和第二信号线的输出端通过合路单元与合路传输线的输入端连接，多个第一滤波单元分别电连接在第一信号线上且分别位于至少两个不同的腔体中，第一滤波单元用于滤波以保证第一信号的传输质量。
其中第一信号线和第二信号线用于传输不同频率的信号，合路单元用于将第一信号线和第二信号线中的信号合路为一路信号，并通过合路传输线传输，第一信号线、第二信号线、合路单元以及合路传输线构成一个合路器。在本实施方式中，合路单元可为金属连接片或者金属连接件等。在本实施方式中，合路器为两路信号合为一路信号的合路器，在一些实施方式中，可为由三路以及三路以上一线合为一路信号的合路器。第一滤波单元可以为带阻滤波器或者带通滤波器。带阻滤波器是指能通过大多数频率分量、但将某些范围的频率分量衰减到极低水平的滤波器，通过调节滤波单元将某些范围的频率分量衰减到极低的水平，关注指标有带外抑制、Q值、损耗、带内匹配、带宽；滤波单元是等效的LC回路，可以由谐振腔、介质、开路枝节、短路枝节构成。带通滤波器是指通过调节滤波单元让某些特定的频率分量的信号最大程度通过，其他信号衰减到极低的滤波器。
当第一滤波单元为带通滤波器，第一滤波单元连接在第一信号线上，即只允许第一信号通过，过滤掉除第一信号以外的其他信号，或者过滤掉出第一信号以外的能够干扰第一信号传输质量的信号，以保证第一自信号的传输质量。在本申请中，第二信号线和第一信号线的一端通过合路单元连接，第二信号线的第二信号会有部分通过该合路单元传输到第一信号线中进而干扰第一信号线中第一信号传输稳定性。通过将第一滤波单元连接在第一信号线上，可过滤掉第二信号，进而减少第二信号对第一信号传输的干扰。
本申请中一方面将多个第一滤波单元设置在不同的腔体中，使得每个腔体的尺寸可设置的较小，或者说多个第一滤波单元可分布于天线中的不同腔体中，而不用集中分布在一个腔体中，分布有第一滤波单元的该腔体无需设置的较大，有利于节约天线尺寸。
另一方面多个第一滤波单元可过滤掉带宽较宽的干扰信号或者说干扰信号被过滤的更完全。再一方面，本申请中腔体为天线本身具有的腔体，即没有单独额外的设置腔体放置第一滤波单元，可节约成本和天线的空间。例如可设置在放置移相器的腔体中，或者设置在放置相位补偿单元的腔体中。在本申请中，第一信号线可以理解为用于传输第一信号且具有一定长度的信号线。
在一种可能的实现方式中，多个腔体包括第一腔体和第二腔体，部分第一信号线和部分第一滤波单元位于第一腔体内，部分第一信号线和部分第一滤波单元位于第二腔体内。在第一腔体和第二腔体中分布的第一滤波单元的个数可随意搭配，原则上以节约空间的方式搭配分布。其中，第一信号线悬置在第一腔体和第二腔体中。在一些实施方式中，腔体可为三个或者三个以上，多个第一滤波单元分布在三个或者三个以上的腔体中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，合路单元位于第二腔体内。合路单元也可位于第一腔体中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一腔体和第二腔体上设有连通第一腔体和第二腔体的第一穿孔，第一信号线穿过第一穿孔而使第一腔体和第二腔体中分别具有部分第一信号线。第一腔体和第二腔体相邻设置且共用一个侧壁，第一穿孔设置在该共用的侧壁上，从而可通过第一穿孔连通第一腔体和第二腔体。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一腔体和第二腔体上设有连通第一腔体和第二腔体的第一穿孔，天线还包括第一信号连接件，第一信号连接件穿过第一穿孔，第一信号连接件的两端分别位于第一腔体和第二腔体内并分别连接第一腔体和第二腔体内的部分第一信号线。第一信号连接件可为插针、金属片。其中，第一信号连接件与第一腔体和第二腔体电性绝缘，以避免第一腔体和第二腔体影响第一信号在第一信号连接件中的传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，天线还包括多个第二滤波单元，至少部分第二滤波单元电连接在第二信号线上且位于第二腔体内。第二滤波单元可以为带阻滤波器或者带通滤波器。第二滤波单元连接在第二信号线上，即只允许第二信号通过，过滤掉除第二信号以外的其他信号，或者过滤掉能够影响第二信号传输质量的其他信号，其中第二信号线和第一信号线的一端通过合路单元连接，第一信号线的第一信号也会有部分通过该合路单元传输到第二信号线中进而干扰第二信号线中第二信号传输的稳定性。通过将第二滤波单元连接在第二信号线上，可过滤掉第一信号，进而减少第一信号对第二信号传输的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，位于第二腔体内的第二滤波单元的数量少于第一滤波单元的数量。也就是说第二腔体中的第二滤波单元的数量较少，使得第二腔体内具有多余的空间来放置第一滤波单元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，天线还包括第三腔体和第二滤波单元，至少部分第二滤波单元电连接在第二信号线上且该部分第二滤波单元位于第三腔体内。第一腔体和第三腔体并列设置在第二腔体的一侧。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二腔体和第三腔体上设有连通第二腔体和第三腔体的第二穿孔，第二信号线的穿过第二穿孔而使第二腔体和第三腔体中分别具有部分第二信号线。 其中，第二腔体和第三腔体相邻设置且共用一个侧壁，第二穿孔设置在该共用的侧壁上，从而可通过第二穿孔连通第二腔体和第三腔体。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二腔体和第三腔体上设有第二信号连接件，第二腔体和第三腔体上设有连通第二腔体和第三腔体的第二穿孔，第二信号连接件穿过第二穿孔，第二信号连接件的两端分别位于第二腔体和第三腔体内且分别连接第二腔体和第三腔体内的部分第二信号线。第二信号连接件可为插针、金属片。其中，第二信号连接件与第二腔体、第三腔体电性绝缘，以避免第二腔体和第三腔体影响第二信号在第二信号连接件中的传输性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，每个第二滤波单元所滤掉的信号至少部分频率不同。可增加所滤掉的干扰信号的带宽，进而可尽量降低干扰信号的影响。
在一种可能的实现方式中，天线还包括相位补偿单元，相位补偿单元设置在第二腔体中。其中，相位补偿单元用于补偿合路传输线中的信号的相位，在本申请中，第二腔体本身是用于收容相位补偿单元的腔体，即利用了本身具有的腔体来放置第一滤波单元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，天线还包括第一移相器，第一移相器位于第一腔体内且位于第一信号线远离第一滤波单元的一端，第一移相器工作时能够改变第一信号线中的信号的相位。其中，第一腔体为用于收容第一移相器中的腔体，第一移相器和部分第一滤波单元集成在一个第一腔体，即第一滤波单元收容在天线本身具有用于收容第一移相器的腔体中，而无需额外设置腔体，可减轻天线重量和节约天线空间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，天线还包括第二移相器，第二移相器位于第二腔体内且位于第二信号线远离第二滤波单元的一端，第二移相器工作时能够改变第二信号线中的信号的相位。其中，第二腔体为用于收容第二移相器中的腔体，第二移相器和部分第二滤波单元集成在一个第二腔体，即第二滤波单元收容在天线本身具有用于收容第二移相器的腔体中，而无需额外设置腔体，可减轻天线重量和节约天线空间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，每个第一滤波单元所滤掉的信号至少部分频率不同。可增加所滤掉的干扰信号的带宽，进而可尽量降低干扰信号的影响。
第二方面，提供一种通讯设备，通讯设备包括如上述任一项实施方式中的天线。
附图说明
图1是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的剖视图；
图2是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的剖视图；
图6是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图7是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图8是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图9是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图10是本申请一实施方式提供的天线的结构示意图；
图11是本申请一实施方式提供的通讯设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本文中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
此外，本文中，“上”、“下”等方位术语是相对于附图中的结构示意置放的方位来定义的，应当理解到，这些方向性术语是相对的概念，它们用于相对于的描述和澄清，其可以根据结构所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
为方便理解，下面先对本申请实施例所涉及的英文简写和有关技术术语进行解释和描述。
Q值：滤波器的品质因数。
LC回路：也称为谐振电路、槽路或调谐电路，是包含一个电感(用字母L表示)和一个电容(用字母C表示)连接在一起的电路。
本申请提供的天线将合路单元的其中一个信号线中的多个滤波单元分布于不同的腔体中，一方面可使得每个腔体设置的较小；另一方面多个滤波单元可过滤掉带宽较宽的干扰信号或者说干扰信号被过滤的更完全，提升过滤效果；再一方面腔体为天线本身具有的腔体，没有单独另外的设置腔体，可节约成本和天线的空间。
请参阅图1和图3，本申请一实施方式中提供一种天线10，天线10包括第一信号线100、第二信号线200、合路单元300、合路传输线400、多个第一滤波单元500(如图2和图3所示)以及多个腔体600，第一信号线100用于传输第一信号；第一信号线100和第二信号线200的输出端通过合路单元300与合路传输线400的输入端连接，多个第一滤波单元500分别电连接在第一信号线100上，多个第一滤波单元500分别位于至少两个不同的腔体600中，第一滤波单元500用于滤波以保证第一信号的传输质量。
其中第一信号线100和第二信号线200用于传输不同频率的信号，合路单元300用于将第一信号线100和第二信号线200中的信号合路为一路信号，并通过合路传输线400传输，第一信号线100、第二信号线200、合路单元300以及合路传输线400构成一个合路器。在本实施方式中，合路单元300可为金属连接片或者金属连接件等。在本实施方式中，合路器为两路信号合为一路信号的合路器，在一些实施方式中，可为由三路以及三路以上一线合为一路信号的合路器。第一滤波单元500可以为带阻滤波器或者带通滤波器。带阻滤波器是指能通过大多数频率分量、但将某些范围的频率分量衰减到极低水平的滤波器，通过调节滤波单元将某些范围的频率分量衰减到极低的水平，关注指标有带外抑制、Q值、损耗、带内匹配、带宽；滤波单元是等效的LC回路，可以由谐振腔、介质、开路枝节、短路枝节构成。在本实施方式中，第一滤波单元500包括开路枝节(如图2所示)。带通滤波器是指通过调节滤波单元让某些特定的频率分量的信号最大程度通过，其他信号衰减到极低的滤波器。
在本实施方式中，第一滤波单元500为带通滤波器，第一滤波单元500连接在第一信 号线100上，即只允许第一信号通过，过滤掉除第一信号以外的其他信号，或者过滤掉出第一信号以外的能够干扰第一信号传输质量的信号，以保证第一自信号的传输质量。在本申请中，第二信号线200和第一信号线100的一端通过合路单元300连接，第二信号线200的第二信号会有部分通过该合路单元300传输到第一信号线100中进而干扰第一信号线100中第一信号传输稳定性。通过将第一滤波单元500连接在第一信号线100上，可过滤掉第二信号，进而减少第二信号对第一信号传输的干扰。
本申请中一方面将多个第一滤波单元500设置在不同的腔体600中，使得每个腔体600的尺寸可设置的较小，或者说多个第一滤波单元500可分布于天线10中的不同腔体600中，而不用集中分布在一个腔体600中，分布有第一滤波单元500的该腔体600无需设置的较大，有利于节约天线10尺寸。
另一方面多个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉带宽较宽的干扰信号或者说干扰信号被过滤的更完全。例如当第一滤波单元500为三个时，每个第一滤波单元500可滤掉频率区间为0.2Hz的干扰信号，如其中一个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉频率为1.5Hz-1.7Hz的干扰信号，一个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉频率为1.7Hz-1.9Hz的干扰信号，一个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉频率为1.9Hz-2.1Hz的干扰信号，此时三个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉1.5Hz-2.1Hz的干扰信号，第一滤波单元500越多，能过滤掉的干扰信号的带宽越宽，对第一信号传输的干扰越少，并且在传输路径上也不需要再增加电阻来消除信号线之间的谐振影响；或者说当所要过滤的干扰信号的带宽相同时，第一滤波单元500越多，每个第一滤波单元500所要过滤的干扰信号的宽度越窄，越有利于对第一滤波单元500对干扰信号过滤的更完全，例如当只采用一个第一滤波单元500过滤掉1.5Hz-2.1Hz的干扰信号时的过滤效果比采用三个第一滤波单元500分别过滤掉1.5Hz-2.1Hz干扰信号中三个不同频率区间的过滤效果要差。并且当一个腔体中同时设置所有的第一滤波单元500时，第一滤波单元500之间会有信号干扰，使得过滤效果降低。
再一方面，本申请中腔体600为天线10本身具有的腔体600，即没有单独额外的设置腔体600放置第一滤波单元500，可节约成本和天线10的空间。例如可设置在放置移相器的腔体600中，或者设置在放置相位补偿单元的腔体600中。在本申请中，第一信号线100可以理解为用于传输第一信号且具有一定长度的信号线，例如，当天线10包括辐射单元和信号传输端口，辐射单元用于接收或者发射信号，信号传输端口用于将从辐射单元接收的信号传输至与天线10电连接的远端的电子器件或者用于将远端的电子器件传输的信号传输至天线10中，第一信号线100可为信号传输端口至辐射单元之间的信号线。
本申请提供的天线10将第一信号线100上的多个第一滤波单元500分布于不同的腔体600中，一方面可使得腔体600设置的较小，有利于节约天线10尺寸；另一方面不同腔体600内的多个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉带宽较宽的干扰信号或者说干扰信号被过滤的更完全，提升过滤效果；再一方面腔体600为天线10本身具有的腔体600，没有单独额外的设置腔体600放置第一滤波单元500，可节约成本和天线10的空间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，每个第一滤波单元500所滤掉的信号至少部分频率不同。本实施方式可增加所滤掉的干扰信号的带宽，进而可尽量降低干扰信号的影响。如前所述，例如当第一滤波单元500为三个时，每个第一滤波单元500可滤掉频率区间为0.2Hz的干 扰信号，如其中一个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉频率为1.5Hz-1.7Hz的干扰信号，一个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉频率为1.7Hz-1.9Hz的干扰信号，一个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉频率为1.9Hz-2.1Hz的干扰信号，此时三个第一滤波单元500可过滤掉1.5Hz-2.1Hz的干扰信号，第一滤波单元500越多，能过滤掉的干扰信号的带宽越宽，对第一信号传输的干扰越少。
在一种可能的实现方式中，腔体600包括第一腔体610和第二腔体620(如图1和图3所示)，部分第一信号线100和部分第一滤波单元500位于第一腔体610内(如图2和图3所示)，部分第一信号线100和部分第一滤波单元500位于第二腔体620内。在本实施方式中，腔体600为两个，多个第一滤波单元500分布在第一腔体610和第二腔体620中。其中在第一腔体610和第二腔体620中分布的第一滤波单元500的个数可随意搭配，原则上以节约空间的方式搭配分布。在本实施方式中，第一信号线100悬置在第一腔体610和第二腔体620中。在一些实施方式中，腔体600可为三个或者三个以上，多个第一滤波单元500分布在三个或者三个以上的腔体600中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，合路单元300位于第二腔体620内(如图3所示)。也就是说第一信号线100和第二信号线200在第二腔体620中与合路单元300连接。在一些实施方式中，合路单元300可位于第一腔体610中，第一信号线100和第二信号线200在第一腔体610中与合路单元300连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一腔体610和第二腔体620上设有连通第一腔体610和第二腔体620的第一穿孔601(如图3所示)，第一信号线100穿过第一穿孔601而使第一腔体610和第二腔体620中分别具有部分第一信号线100。在本实施方式中，第一腔体610和第二腔体620相邻设置且共用一个侧壁，第一穿孔601设置在该共用的侧壁上，从而可通过第一穿孔601连通第一腔体610和第二腔体620。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一腔体610和第二腔体620上设有连通第一腔体610和第二腔体620的第一穿孔601(如图1和图2所示)，天线10还包括第一信号连接件700，第一信号连接件700穿设在第一穿孔601中，第一信号连接件700的两端分别位于第一腔体610和第二腔体620内并分别连接第一腔体610和第二腔体620内的部分第一信号线100。在本实施方式中，第一腔体610和第二腔体620中的第一信号线100通过第一信号连接件700电连接。第一信号连接件700可为插针、金属片。其中，第一信号连接件700与第一腔体610和第二腔体620电性绝缘，以避免第一腔体610和第二腔体620影响第一信号在第一信号连接件700中的传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，天线10还包括多个第二滤波单元800(如图2和图3所示)，至少部分第二滤波单元800电连接在第二信号线200上且位于第二腔体620内。第二滤波单元800可以为带阻滤波器或者带通滤波器。在本实施方式中，第二滤波单元800为带通滤波器，第二滤波单元800连接在第二信号线200上，即只允许第二信号通过，过滤掉除第二信号以外的其他信号，或者过滤掉能够影响第二信号传输质量的其他信号，其中第二信号线200和第一信号线100的一端通过合路单元300连接，第一信号线100的第一信号也会有部分通过该合路单元300传输到第二信号线200中进而干扰第二信号线200中第二信号传输的稳定性。通过将第二滤波单元800连接在第二信号线200上，可过滤掉第一信 号，进而减少第一信号对第二信号传输的干扰。在图2和图3所示的实施例中，第二滤波单元800全部设置在第二腔体620，第二滤波单元800为两个，分别为第二滤波单元800a和第二滤波单元800b。在一些实施方式中，第二滤波单元800还可设置在其他腔体中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，每个第二滤波单元800所滤掉的信号至少部分频率不同。本实施方式可增加所滤掉的干扰信号的带宽，进而可尽量降低干扰信号的影响。例如当第二滤波单元800为两个时，每个第二滤波单元800可滤掉区间宽度为0.3Hz的干扰信号，如其中一个第二滤波单元800可过滤掉区间为2.3Hz-2.6Hz的干扰信号，一个第二滤波单元800可过滤掉区间为2.6Hz-2.9Hz的干扰信号，此时两个第二滤波单元800可过滤掉2.3Hz-2.9Hz的干扰信号，第二滤波单元800越多，能过滤掉的干扰信号的带宽越宽，对第二信号传输的干扰越少。
在一种可能的实现方式中，位于第二腔体620中的第二滤波单元800的数量少于第一滤波单元500的数量。也就是说第二腔体620中的第二滤波单元800的数量较少，使得第二腔体620内具有多余的空间来放置第一滤波单元500。例如当第一腔体610和第二腔体620的空间相当时，第一滤波单元500的数量较多时，将部分第一滤波单元500设置在第二腔体620中，既可以充分利用了第二腔体620中的空间，又避免了第一腔体610中第一滤波单元500数量过多而影响滤波性能。在一实施方式中，第一滤波单元500的数量为4个，第二滤波单元800的数量为2个。请参阅图4，在一些实施方式中，第一滤波单元500的数量为3个，第二滤波单元800的数量为2个。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二腔体620内的第一滤波单元500的数量少于第一腔体610内的第一滤波单元500的数量。在本实施方式中，将大部分的第一滤波单元500设置在第一腔体610中，少部分的第一滤波单元500设置在第二腔体620中。例如，在本实施方式中，第一滤波单元500的数量为4个(如图2所示)，第一腔体610中具有三个第一滤波单元500，第二腔体620中具有一个第一滤波单元500，分别为第一滤波单元500a、第一滤波单元500b、第一滤波单元500c和第一滤波单元500d，其中，第一滤波单元500a、第一滤波单元500b和第一滤波单元500c位于第一腔体610中，第一滤波单元500d位于第二腔体620中。
请参阅图5，在一种可能的实现方式中，天线10还包括第一移相器1100，第一移相器1100位于第一腔体610内且位于第一信号线100远离第一滤波单元500的一端，第一移相器1100工作时能够改变第一信号线100中的信号的相位。在本实施方式中，第一腔体610为用于收容第一移相器1100中的腔体，第一移相器1100和部分第一滤波单元500集成在一个第一腔体610，即第一滤波单元500收容在天线10本身具有用于收容第一移相器1100的腔体中，而无需额外设置腔体600，可减轻天线10重量和节约天线10空间。
其中，第一移相器1100还包括两个第一介质部1110，分别位于第一信号线100的上下两侧，当第一介质部1110移动时可改变第一信号线100中的相位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，天线10还包括第二移相器1200，第二移相器1200位于第二腔体620内且位于第二信号线200远离第二滤波单元800的一端，第二移相器1200工作时能够改变第二信号线200中的信号的相位。在本实施方式中，第二腔体620为用于收容第二移相器1200中的腔体600，第二移相器1200和部分第二滤波单元800集成在一个第 二腔体620，即第二滤波单元800收容在天线10本身具有用于收容第二移相器1200的腔体中，而无需额外设置腔体600，可减轻天线10重量和节约天线10空间。
其中，第二移相器1200还包括两个第二介质部1210，分别位于第二信号线200的上下两侧，当第二介质部1210移动时可改变第二信号线200中的相位。
在一些实施方式中，天线10还包括第三腔体630(如图3和图4所示)和第三信号连接件1300(如图1所示)，其中第一腔体610和第二腔体620并列设置在第三腔体630的一侧，第三信号连接件1300设置在第二腔体620和第三腔体630之间，部分合路传输线400位于第二腔体620和第三腔体630中，第二腔体620和第三腔体630中的部分合路传输线400通过第三信号连接件1300连接。第三信号连接件1300可以为插针或者连接片，第三信号连接件1300与第二腔体620、第三腔体630电性绝缘。
请参阅图6和图7，在一种可能的实现方式中，天线10还包括第三腔体630和第二滤波单元800，至少部分第二滤波单元800电连接在第二信号线200上且该部分第二滤波单元800位于第三腔体630内。在本实施方式中具有至少部分第二滤波单元800位于第三腔体630中，合路单元300位于第二腔体620内，第一信号线100和第二信号线200的输出端以及合路传输线400的输入端位于第二腔体620内。就是说第一信号线100和第二信号线200分别从第一腔体610和第三腔体630经过后在第二腔体620中合路。在本实施方式中，第一腔体610和第三腔体630并列设置在第二腔体620的一侧。请参阅图7，在本实施方式中，第二滤波单元800全部位于第三腔体630，第二信号线200在第三腔体630中经过第二滤波单元800处理后再进入第二腔体620与第一信号线100合路。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二腔体620和第三腔体630上设有连通第二腔体620和第三腔体630的第二穿孔602(如图7所示)，第二信号线200的穿过第二穿孔602而使第二腔体620和第三腔体630中分别具有部分第二信号线200。在本实施方式中，第二腔体620和第三腔体630相邻设置且共用一个侧壁，第二穿孔602设置在该共用的侧壁上，从而可通过第二穿孔602连通第二腔体620和第三腔体630。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二腔体620和第三腔体630上设有第二信号连接件900(如图6所示)，第二腔体620和第三腔体630上设有连通第二腔体620和第三腔体630的第二穿孔(图6中未示出)，第二信号连接件900穿过第二穿孔，第二信号连接件900的两端分别位于第二腔体620和第三腔体630内且分别连接第二腔体620和第三腔体630内的部分第二信号线200。在本实施方式中，第二腔体620和第三腔体630中的第二信号线200通过第二信号连接件900电连接。第二信号连接件900可为插针、金属片。其中，第二信号连接件900与第二腔体620、第三腔体630电性绝缘，以避免第二腔体620和第三腔体630影响第二信号在第二信号连接件900中的传输性能。
请参阅图8，在一种可能的实现方式中，天线10还包括相位补偿单元1000，相位补偿单元1000设置在第二腔体620中。其中，相位补偿单元1000用于补偿合路传输线400中的信号的相位，在本申请中，第二腔体620本身是用于收容相位补偿单元1000的腔体600，即利用了本身具有的腔体来放置第一滤波单元500。
请参阅图9，在一种可能的实现方式中，天线10还包括反射板1400和天线罩1500，腔体600以及腔体600的部件位于反射板1400和天线罩1500之间。在本实施方式中，腔 体600、第一信号线100、第二信号线200、合路单元300以及合路传输线400为天线10中馈电网络的一部分，其中馈电网络还包括移相功分单元和辐射单元等。反射板1400用于反射信号，提高天线10接收信号的灵敏度，把信号反射聚集在天线1的接收点上，不但大大增强了天线10的接收/发射能力，还起到阻挡或者屏蔽来自反射板1400后背侧的其它电波对信号的干扰作用，反射板1400的材质可为金属。天线罩1500具有良好的电磁波穿透特性，能够经受外部恶劣环境保护天线10免受外部环境影响。在本实施方式中，腔体600包括第一腔体610和第二腔体620。
请参阅图10，在一些实施方式中，第一腔体610、第二腔体620和第三腔体630以及这三个腔体600内的部件位于反射板1400和天线罩1500之间。
在一些实施方式中，腔体600形成在反射板1400上，或者说腔体600的其中一面作为天线10的反射板1400。
需要说明的是，上述各实施方式以两路信号合为一路信号的合路器为例说明，对于三路或者三路以上信号线合为一路的合路器，合路器中同样会存在各路信号的互相干扰，同样可采用本申请的原理做相应的变形设置。
请参阅图11，本申请一实施方式还提供一种通讯设备1，包括如上述任一项实施方式中的天线10，天线10可为多个，多个天线10阵列分布，每个天线10中具有馈电网络，且每个天线10中的馈电网络可对应不同的频率，天线10中相同频率对应的辐射方向不同。
在一些实施方式中，该通讯设备1还包括：射频处理单元20和基带处理单元30。基带处理单元30通过射频处理单元20与天线10中的馈电网络连接；天线10用于将接收到的无线信号传输给射频处理单元20，或者将射频处理单元20的发射信号转换为电磁波，发送出去。射频处理单元20用于对天线10接收到的无线信号进行选频、放大、下变频处理，并将其转换成中频信号或基带信号发送给基带处理单元30，或者，用于将基带处理单元30发送的基带信号或中频信号经过上变频、放大，通过天线发送出去。基带处理单元30用于对射频处理单元20发送的中频信号或基带信号进行处理。
在一实施方式中，射频处理单元20与天线10一体设置，天线10被安装在抱杆40或者铁塔上，射频处理单元20与天线10一体设置，基带处理单元30位于天线10的远端，且与射频处理单元20通过电缆线50连接。在一些实施方式中，射频处理单元20可与基带处理单元30同时位于天线10的远端。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种天线，其特征在于，所述天线包括第一信号线、第二信号线、合路单元、合路传输线、多个第一滤波单元以及多个腔体，所述第一信号线用于传输第一信号；
    所述第一信号线和第二信号线的输出端通过所述合路单元与所述合路传输线的输入端连接，所述多个第一滤波单元分别电连接在所述第一信号线上且分别位于至少两个不同的腔体中，所述第一滤波单元用于滤波以保证所述第一信号的传输质量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述多个腔体包括第一腔体和第二腔体，部分所述第一信号线和部分所述第一滤波单元位于所述第一腔体内，部分所述第一信号线和部分所述第一滤波单元位于所述第二腔体内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述合路单元位于所述第二腔体内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体上设有连通所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体的第一穿孔，所述第一信号线穿过所述第一穿孔而使所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体中分别具有部分所述第一信号线。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体上设有连通所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体的第一穿孔，所述天线还包括第一信号连接件，所述第一信号连接件穿过所述第一穿孔，所述第一信号连接件的两端分别位于所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体内并分别连接所述第一腔体和所述第二腔体内的部分第一信号线。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线还包括多个第二滤波单元，至少部分所述第二滤波单元电连接在所述第二信号线上且位于所述第二腔体内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的天线，其特征在于，位于所述第二腔体内的所述第二滤波单元的数量少于所述第一滤波单元的数量。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线还包括第三腔体和第二滤波单元，至少部分所述第二滤波单元电连接在所述第二信号线上且该部分所述第二滤波单元位于所述第三腔体内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体上设有连通所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体的第二穿孔，所述第二信号线的穿过所述第二穿孔而使所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体中分别具有部分所述第二信号线。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体上设有第 二信号连接件，所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体上设有连通所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体的第二穿孔，所述第二信号连接件穿过所述第二穿孔，所述第二信号连接件的两端分别位于所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体内且分别连接所述第二腔体和所述第三腔体内的部分第二信号线。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的天线，其特征在于，每个所述第二滤波单元所滤掉的信号至少部分频率不同。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线还包括相位补偿单元，所述相位补偿单元设置在所述第二腔体中。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线还包括第一移相器，所述第一移相器位于所述第一腔体内且位于所述第一信号线远离所述第一滤波单元的一端，所述第一移相器工作时能够改变所述第一信号线中的信号的相位。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线还包括第二移相器，所述第二移相器位于所述第二腔体内且位于所述第二信号线远离所述第二滤波单元的一端，所述第二移相器工作时能够改变所述第二信号线中的信号的相位。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的天线，其特征在于，每个所述第一滤波单元所滤掉的信号至少部分频率不同。
  16. 一种通讯设备，其特征在于，所述通讯设备包括如权利要求1-15任一项所述的天线。
PCT/CN2020/137913 2020-12-21 2020-12-21 天线及通讯设备 Ceased WO2022133637A1 (zh)

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