WO2022134103A1 - 一种眼镜 - Google Patents

一种眼镜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022134103A1
WO2022134103A1 PCT/CN2020/139697 CN2020139697W WO2022134103A1 WO 2022134103 A1 WO2022134103 A1 WO 2022134103A1 CN 2020139697 W CN2020139697 W CN 2020139697W WO 2022134103 A1 WO2022134103 A1 WO 2022134103A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bone conduction
conduction microphone
temple
frame
user
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/139697
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑金波
张浩锋
廖风云
齐心
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020237004061A priority Critical patent/KR102793932B1/ko
Priority to JP2023513206A priority patent/JP7580578B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2020/139697 priority patent/WO2022134103A1/zh
Priority to CN202080100561.2A priority patent/CN115803672A/zh
Priority to EP20966666.8A priority patent/EP4167023A4/en
Publication of WO2022134103A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022134103A1/zh
Priority to US18/150,180 priority patent/US20230156400A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C11/00—Non-optical adjuncts; Attachment thereof
    • G02C11/06—Hearing aids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/46—Special adaptations for use as contact microphones, e.g. on musical instrument, on stethoscope
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C11/00—Non-optical adjuncts; Attachment thereof
    • G02C11/10—Electronic devices other than hearing aids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/028—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/406—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
    • H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers for combining the signals of two or more microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2420/00—Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2420/07—Applications of wireless loudspeakers or wireless microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of acoustics, and in particular, to glasses comprising a bone conduction microphone.
  • the general microphone is air-conducted and belongs to the open type. Although it can obtain good sound quality, it cannot isolate the external background sound source. The conversation in the noisy environment cannot filter the ambient noise, which causes great inconvenience to the user.
  • the bone conduction microphone has a strong anti-noise ability due to the direct or indirect contact with the human body, and detects the vibration of the user's voice through bone conduction.
  • most bone conduction microphones have a limited scope of application and are inconvenient to wear. In view of this, the present application provides glasses integrated with bone conduction microphones.
  • One of the embodiments of the present application provides glasses, including: a glasses body, the glasses body includes a frame and temples, the frame and the temples are physically connected; and at least one bone conduction microphone configured to The vibration signal is converted into an electrical signal; wherein, the at least one bone conduction microphone is physically connected to the frame or the temple, and the at least one bone conduction microphone is used to receive signals from the frame, the temple or the temple.
  • the vibration signal of the user's body including: a glasses body, the glasses body includes a frame and temples, the frame and the temples are physically connected; and at least one bone conduction microphone configured to The vibration signal is converted into an electrical signal; wherein, the at least one bone conduction microphone is physically connected to the frame or the temple, and the at least one bone conduction microphone is used to receive signals from the frame, the temple or the temple.
  • the vibration signal of the user's body including: a glasses body, the glasses body includes a frame and temples, the frame and the temples are physically connected; and at least one bone con
  • the at least one bone conduction microphone is not in contact with the user's body when the user wears the glasses.
  • At least one bone conduction microphone is located near the frame where it contacts the user's body.
  • At least one bone conduction microphone is located proximate to where the temple is in contact with the user's body.
  • At least one bone conduction microphone is proximate the junction of the frame and the temple.
  • At least one of the bone conduction microphones includes a vibrating unit disposed in parallel with respect to the contact surface of the frame or the temple that contacts the user's body.
  • the vibration unit of the bone conduction microphone is a single-axis acceleration sensor or a multi-axis acceleration sensor.
  • the temple includes a first temple and a second temple
  • the at least one bone conduction microphone includes at least one first bone conduction microphone and at least one second bone conduction microphone; wherein the at least one first bone conduction microphone A bone conduction microphone is located at the first temple, and the at least one second bone conduction microphone is located at the second temple.
  • the at least one first bone conduction microphone and the at least one second bone conduction microphone are both wireless bone conduction microphones.
  • the temple includes a contact surface that is in direct contact with the user, and the pressure between the contact surface and the human body is greater than 0.1N.
  • the pressure between the contact surface and the human body is greater than 0.2N.
  • the pressure between the contact surface and the human body is greater than 0.6N.
  • At least one bone conduction microphone is elastically connected to the temple or the frame.
  • a mounting cavity for mounting the at least one bone conduction microphone is opened at the temple or the frame.
  • an elastic layer is provided between the at least one bone conduction microphone and the mounting cavity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of glasses provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary frequency response curve diagram of different installation positions of the bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of a bone conduction microphone installation position provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of a bone conduction microphone installation position provided according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary frequency response graph of a bone conduction microphone under different pressures provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a frequency response curve diagram of a bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a frequency response diagram of a noise signal and a speech signal received by a bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is an exemplary structural diagram of a bone conduction microphone in contact with a user's body provided according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary processing flow chart of speech signals of a bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is an exemplary flowchart of training a speech model according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • system means for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies at different levels.
  • device means for converting signals into signals.
  • unit means for converting signals into signals.
  • module means for converting signals into signals.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of glasses provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the glasses may include a glasses body 10 and at least one bone conduction microphone 20 .
  • the glasses body 10 may include components such as a frame 11 , a temple 12 and the like.
  • the glasses body 10 may include various types of glasses such as myopia glasses, hyperopia glasses, sunglasses, 3D glasses, VR (Virtual Reality, virtual reality)/AR (Augmented Reality, augmented reality) glasses. It is not specifically limited.
  • the spectacle frame 11 and the temple 12 when the spectacle frame 11 and the temple 12 are connected by welding or integral molding, the spectacle frame 11 and the temple 12 can have a fixed working state without the need for folding or unfolding operations.
  • the temple 12 may further include a telescopic structure (not shown in FIG. 1 ), through which the user can adjust the length of the temple 12 when wearing the glasses, so that it can adapt to different users differences in head shape.
  • the telescopic structure may refer to a structure having the ability to adjust the length.
  • the telescoping structure may be a telescoping pole structure.
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 is a sound pickup device (ie, a voice acquisition device) capable of converting vibration signals into electrical signals.
  • the vibration signal may refer to a signal generated by the vibration of the user's body part when the user speaks.
  • a bone conduction microphone can be understood as a microphone device that is sensitive to bone conduction sound transmitted by vibration, but insensitive to air conduction sound transmitted by air.
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 may be disposed on the glasses body 10 , for example, a certain part of the temple 12 or the frame 11 .
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 when the user wears the glasses, the bone conduction microphone 20 may not be in direct contact with the human body, and the vibration signal (such as facial vibration) generated when the user speaks is transmitted to the frame 11 and/or the temple 12 first, The frame 11 and/or the temple 12 then transmit it to the bone conduction microphone 20, and the bone conduction microphone further converts the human body vibration signal into an electrical signal containing voice information.
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 when the user wears the glasses, can be in direct contact with the human body, and the vibration signal generated when the user speaks can be directly transmitted to the bone conduction microphone 20 .
  • the inside of the temple 12 or the frame 11 may include a hollow structure, and the control circuit or signal transmission circuit related to the bone conduction microphone 20 may be arranged in the above hollow structure.
  • the glasses may also include a speaker assembly 30 .
  • the speaker assembly 30 may be used to convert electrical signals with sound information into sound.
  • speaker assembly 30 may be a bone conduction speaker, which may be attached to temple 12 by hinge assembly 40 .
  • the bone conduction speaker can be exemplarily connected to the end of the temple 12 (that is, the end away from the eyeglass frame 11 ).
  • the hinge assembly 40 may further include a connecting wire 41 .
  • the connecting wire 41 may be a connecting piece having an electrical connection function and/or a mechanical connection function.
  • the speaker assembly 30 may be an air conduction speaker, which may be mounted anywhere on the temple 12 .
  • the air conduction speaker can be installed in the middle of the temple 12.
  • the control circuit or signal transmission circuit associated with the speaker assembly 30 may be disposed within the hollow structure inside the temple 12 .
  • the human body usually directly contacts the temple 12 or the frame 11 when the user wears the glasses, and in the case where the glasses body 10 and the bone conduction microphone 20 are rigidly connected, there is no need for the bone conduction microphone 20 to directly contact the human body.
  • the contact can better transmit the vibration signal when the user speaks to the bone conduction microphone 20 through the glasses body 10 (eg, the frame 11 and the temple 12 ). Therefore, the bone conduction microphone 20 can be disposed on the glasses body 10 at a position not in contact with the user's body, and the bone conduction microphone 20 can be connected with the glasses body 10 in a rigid connection manner.
  • the rigid connection here can include fixed connection methods such as bonding, welding or integral molding, or can be detachable connection methods such as clip connection and bolt connection.
  • the connection method can be adaptively adjusted according to specific conditions, and is not further limited here.
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 may be located on the outer surface or inside of the frame 11 or temple 12 .
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 when the bone conduction microphone 20 is located on the outer surface of the frame 11, the bone conduction microphone 20 may be located on the side wall of the frame 11 or the temple 12 away from the user's body.
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 may be located on the side wall area of the frame 11 or the temple 12 facing the user's body, and the distance between the side wall area and the user's body is greater than the height (or thickness) of the bone conduction microphone 20 .
  • the frame 11 or the temple 12 may include a mounting cavity (not shown in FIG. 1 ), and the mounting cavity may be used to place the bone conduction microphone 20 , which may or may not extend In this way, the bone conduction microphone 20 does not come into contact with the user's body when the user wears the glasses.
  • At least one bone conduction microphone may be arranged at a position close to the spectacle frame in contact with the user's body.
  • the above-mentioned spectacle frame 11 may include a portion of the nose pad 111 that is in contact with the human body.
  • the part of the nose pad 111 may refer to a structure in which the frame 11 abuts against the nose of the user when the user wears the glasses.
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 may be positioned near the nose pad 111 .
  • the vibration signal generated when the user speaks or generates body vibration can be directly transmitted to the bone conduction microphone 20 through the nose pad part of the spectacle frame.
  • the frame 11 when the user wears glasses, the frame 11 can also be in contact with the user's body (for example, around the eyes), and further, the frame 11 can cover the skin around the user's eyes.
  • bone conduction The microphone 20 may be directly disposed at the frame 11 , and the vibration signal generated when the user speaks or generates body vibration may be directly transmitted to the bone conduction microphone 20 through the frame 11 .
  • the at least one bone conduction microphone 20 may also be arranged at a position close to the temple which is in contact with the user's body.
  • the position where the temples 12 of the glasses are far away from the frame 11 is usually in direct contact with the human body.
  • the position where the temple 12 contacts the user's body may refer to a local area 121 on the temple that is close to the temple and to the ear.
  • the position where the temple 12 contacts the user's body may be the bending area 122 of the temple away from the frame 11 .
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 is arranged on the mirror frame 11 and the mirror. Near the connection of the legs 12, the bone conduction microphone 20 can receive the vibration signal from the frame 11 and the temple 12 at the same time. Therefore, in some embodiments, the bone conduction microphone 20 can also be arranged close to the frame 11 and the temple 12. of the connection.
  • the installation position of the bone conduction microphone 20 may also be determined according to the connection between the frame 11 and the temple 12 and the elastic strength of the frame 11 or the temple 12 .
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 can be installed close to the position where the mirror frame 11 is in contact with the human body or the temple 12 The position in contact with the human body, thereby ensuring the quality of the human body vibration signal transmitted to the bone conduction microphone 20 .
  • connection strength between the frame 11 and the temple 12 may refer to the tensile strength, bending load, compressive load or torsional load that the frame can bear after the frame is connected to the temple.
  • the above-mentioned installation positions of the bone conduction microphone 20 are only exemplary, and the installation positions of the bone conduction microphones are not limited to the positions shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .
  • the installation position of the microphone can include but is not limited to the several situations listed above. For example, when the frame 11 and the temple 12 are tightly connected, and the elastic strength of the temple 12 and the frame 11 itself is relatively large, the bone conduction microphone can be arbitrarily installed. The position of the bone conduction microphone can ensure that the better vibration signal is received by the bone conduction microphone.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the bone conduction microphone 20 may include a housing structure 210 , an acoustic transducer 240 and a vibration unit 220 .
  • the shape of the bone conduction microphone 20 may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder or other regular or irregular structures.
  • the housing structure 210 and the acoustic transducer 240 are physically connected, wherein the housing structure 210 and the acoustic transducer 240 may be regarded as a package structure of the bone conduction microphone 20 .
  • the physical connection here may include connection methods such as welding, clipping, bonding, or integral molding.
  • the housing structure 210 and the acoustic transducer 240 enclose a package structure having a first acoustic cavity 230, wherein the vibration unit 220 may be located within the first acoustic cavity 230 of the package structure.
  • the vibration unit 220 divides the first acoustic cavity 230 into a second acoustic cavity 231 and a third acoustic cavity 232 .
  • the third acoustic cavity 232 is in acoustic communication with the acoustic transducer 240 .
  • the second acoustic cavity 231 may be an acoustically sealed cavity structure.
  • the vibration unit 220 may include a mass element 222 and an elastic element 221 .
  • the mass element 222 may be connected to the housing structure 210 through the elastic element 221.
  • the elastic element 221 may be located on the side of the mass element 222 away from the acoustic transducer 240 , one end of the elastic element 221 is connected to the housing structure 210 , and the other end of the elastic element 221 is connected to the mass element 222 .
  • the elastic element 221 may also be located on the peripheral side of the mass element 222 , wherein the inner side of the elastic element 221 is connected with the peripheral side of the mass element 222 , and the outer side of the elastic element 221 or a side away from the acoustic transducer 240 The sides are connected to the housing structure 210 .
  • the mass element 222 may also be connected with the acoustic transducer 240 through the elastic element 221 .
  • the elastic element 221 may be in the shape of a round tube, a square tube, a special-shaped tube, an annular shape, a flat plate shape, or the like.
  • the material of the elastic element may be a material capable of elastic deformation, such as silica gel, metal, rubber, and the like.
  • the elastic element 221 is more prone to elastic deformation than the housing structure 210 , so that the vibration unit 220 can move relative to the housing structure 210 .
  • the external vibration signal can be transmitted to the vibration unit 220 through the housing structure 210 , and the vibration unit 220 vibrates in response to the vibration of the housing structure 210 . Since the vibration phase of the vibration unit 220 is different from the vibration phase of the housing structure 210 and the acoustic transducer 240 , the vibration of the vibration unit 220 can cause the volume of the third acoustic cavity 232 to change, thereby causing the sound of the third acoustic cavity 232 to change. pressure changes.
  • the acoustic transducer 240 may detect the sound pressure change of the third acoustic cavity 232 and convert it into an electrical signal.
  • the acoustic transducer 240 may include a diaphragm (not shown in FIG. 6 ), and when the sound pressure of the third acoustic cavity 232 changes, the air inside the third acoustic cavity 232 vibrates and the air inside the third acoustic cavity 232 vibrates. Acting on the diaphragm, that is, the diaphragm is deformed, and the acoustic transducer 240 converts the vibration signal of the diaphragm into an electrical signal.
  • the vibration unit 220 of the above-mentioned bone conduction microphone 20 may be arranged in parallel with respect to the contact surface of the frame or the temple that is in contact with the user's body.
  • the vibration unit 220 may vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the human body (skin). Since the contact between the human body and the temple or the mirror frame can transmit vibrations in a direction perpendicular to the human body, in some embodiments, the vibration unit 220 of the bone conduction microphone 20 is positioned relative to the contact surface of the mirror frame or the temple and the user's body.
  • the parallel setting can better collect the vibration signal from the human body, thereby improving the sensitivity of the bone conduction microphone.
  • the vibration unit 220 of the bone conduction microphone 20 may also not be disposed in parallel with the contact surface of the frame or temple that is in contact with the user's body.
  • the side of the bone conduction microphone 20 with the vibration unit 220 can be connected to the spectacle frame or temple, so that the bone conduction microphone 20 can be better Receive vibration signals at the frame or temples.
  • the vibration unit 220 of the bone conduction microphone 20 may include a single-axis acceleration sensor or a multi-axis acceleration sensor (eg, a three-axis acceleration sensor).
  • the strongest vibration signal in multiple directions collected by the multi-axis acceleration sensor may be selected as the input signal of the bone conduction microphone.
  • weighted summation may also be performed on vibration signals collected in multiple directions by the multi-axis acceleration sensor, so as to obtain a stronger input signal.
  • the glasses may include multiple bone conduction microphones 20 .
  • the plurality of bone conduction microphones 20 may be disposed at different positions of the glasses body 10 (eg, the frame or the temples), respectively.
  • the glasses body 10 may include a first temple and a second temple, and the plurality of bone conduction microphones may include at least one first bone conduction microphone and at least one second bone conduction microphone, wherein, At least one first bone conduction microphone can be arranged on the first temple, and at least one second bone conduction microphone can be arranged on the second temple.
  • the plurality of first bone conduction microphones disposed on the first temple and the plurality of second bone conduction microphones disposed on the second temple may be arranged in an array, respectively. It should be noted that, the number and type of the first bone conduction microphone and the second bone conduction microphone may be the same or different.
  • the plurality of bone conduction microphones may all be wireless bone conduction microphones, and the voice signals collected by the bone conduction microphones may be sent to other electronic devices through a wireless communication network.
  • the wireless communication network may include any one of wireless communication methods such as Bluetooth, infrared, and UWB (Ultra Wideband).
  • the glasses body may include a contact surface that is in direct contact with the user, such as the inner wall of the temple, the inner wall of the frame, the inner wall of the nose pad, and the like.
  • the clamping force also referred to as pressure
  • the vibration transmission efficiency between the glasses body and the user's body can be changed, thereby changing the bone on the glasses body
  • the quality of the vibration signal received by the conduction microphone As shown in FIG.
  • the pressure between the contact surface and the human body can be greater than 0.4N. More preferably, the pressure between the contact surface and the human body can be greater than 0.6N. More preferably, the pressure between the contact surface and the human body can be greater than 1N.
  • the clamping force between the contact surface and the human skin can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the glasses (for example, the length of the temples, the relative distance between the temples), so as to ensure that the glasses body can transmit the vibration signal of the human body Better delivery to bone conduction microphones.
  • the contact surface may be the surface of a localized area of the frame or temple.
  • the contact surface may be a surface of a structure protruding from the surface of the frame or temple (also called a "protruding structure"), and the protruding structure may be used as a separate component that contacts the human body to better capture human body vibration signals,
  • the component can be rigidly connected with the temple or the mirror frame or integrally formed, so as to reduce the energy loss caused by the vibration signal transmission between the component and the temple or the mirror frame.
  • the height (or thickness) or elastic coefficient of the protruding structure can be adjusted to adjust the clamping force between the contact surface and the user's body part, thereby adjusting the signal quality of the human body vibration signal transmitted to the bone conduction microphone .
  • the user when wearing the glasses, can adjust the relative position of the contact surface of the frame, temple or protruding structure and the human skin to change the clamping force between the contact surface and the human skin, thereby adjusting the vibration of the human body
  • the quality of the signal transmitted to the bone conduction microphone in other words, adjusts the signal acquisition effect of the bone conduction microphone.
  • the clamping force between the contact surface and human skin may include, but not be limited to, the above-mentioned numerical values.
  • the clamping force may also be 0.3N, 0.5N, 0.7N, 0.8N, 1.2N, etc., which are not specifically limited herein.
  • the bone conduction microphone may be located on the side of the temple or frame of the glasses that is in contact with the user's body. When the user wears the glasses, the bone conduction microphone can be in contact with the user's body, so that the vibration signal of the user's body, temple or frame can be better received.
  • the bone conduction microphone may also be located inside the temple or the frame structure.
  • the temple or the frame may be provided with a mounting cavity for installing the bone conduction microphone, and the bone conduction microphone may be located in the mounting cavity. in the cavity.
  • One end of the bone conduction microphone away from the temple or frame may protrude relative to the surface of the temple or frame, that is, one end of the bone conduction microphone extends out of the mounting cavity, so that the user can contact the bone conduction microphone when wearing the glasses.
  • the vibration of the temple or the frame may contain a noise signal (for example, the noise in the outside air drives the temple or the frame to vibrate).
  • a noise signal for example, the noise in the outside air drives the temple or the frame to vibrate.
  • one end of the bone conduction microphone may Being elastically connected with the temple or the frame, the other end of the bone conduction microphone can be in direct contact with the user's body when the user wears the glasses.
  • the bone conduction microphone when the user wears glasses, the bone conduction microphone is in direct contact with the user's body, so that the bone conduction microphone can directly collect the vibration signal emitted by the user's body when he speaks, and the bone conduction microphone can generate a corresponding electrical signal based on the vibration signal. , the electrical signal is processed and sent to the electronic device.
  • the bone conduction microphone is elastically connected to the temple or the frame, which reduces the connection between the bone conduction microphone and the temple or the frame, thereby reducing the noise and vibration signals transmitted by the temple or the frame.
  • FIG. 8 is a frequency response curve diagram of a bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the resonance of the bone conduction microphone is made.
  • the peaks are located at relatively low frequencies (eg, 400Hz-800Hz), when compared to vibration signals in the higher frequency range (eg, the frequency range above 1000Hz), the bone conduction microphone is less sensitive to the lower frequency range (eg, less than The vibration signal in the range of the resonant peak frequency) has higher sensitivity.
  • the bone conduction microphone is not easily affected by the medium and high frequency vibration caused by the external noise, but has a high response to the low frequency signal (that is, the effective voice signal) transmitted by the human body to the bone conduction microphone, which effectively improves the Signal-to-noise ratio of bone conduction microphones.
  • the existence of the elastic layer or elastic element effectively reduces the value of the resonance peak of the bone conduction microphone, so that the frequency response curve of the bone conduction microphone is relatively flat, thereby ensuring that the voice signal collected by the bone conduction microphone will not be distorted.
  • a mounting cavity for installing the bone conduction microphone is opened at the temple or the temple, and the mounting cavity may be located inside the temple or the temple.
  • the temple or the frame may further include a protruding structure, and a mounting cavity for installing the bone conduction microphone may be opened in the protruding structure, so that when the user wears the glasses, the bone conduction microphone can be in contact with the user's body.
  • FIG. 9 is a frequency response diagram of a noise signal and a speech signal received by a bone conduction microphone provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the received noise signal has no obvious frequency characteristics.
  • the voice signal mainly transmits the vibration signal of the human body.
  • the vibration signal of the human body is mostly in the middle and low frequencies, and slowly attenuates in the high frequency. For example, 2500Hz-4000Hz) has peaks and valleys.
  • the noise signal mainly transmits the air conduction signal of external noise.
  • the receiver of these air conduction signals is equivalent to the upper structure of the glasses (for example, the frame, lens or temple, etc.) Therefore, there are more high-frequency signals and less low-frequency signals in the received noise signal.
  • the installation cavity can isolate external noise for the bone conduction microphone and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the bone conduction microphone.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of the speech signal received by the bone conduction microphone is higher than that of the noise signal, that is, the noise signal received by the bone conduction microphone in the low frequency band basically does not affect the speech signal. the quality of.
  • the mounting cavity is used for physical noise isolation to isolate mid-to-high frequency (eg, greater than 1000 Hz-2000 Hz) and high frequency (eg, greater than 2000 Hz) noise signals transmitted by the temple or frame. Noise isolation can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of bone conduction microphones in the mid-to-high frequency range.
  • physical noise isolation requires the bone conduction microphone to be in direct contact with the user's body, and the bone conduction microphone to be elastically connected to the temple or frame.
  • the glasses have enough space to meet the needs of a bone conduction microphone installation cavity with an independent structure.
  • the bone conduction microphone can be placed inside the temple, in direct contact with the user's body.
  • the installation cavity solution can also be applied to other scenarios, for example, over-ear headphones.
  • the earmuffs have a large space and are in direct contact with the user's body in many places, which can achieve better sound insulation and collect better bone conduction signals.
  • an elastic layer is provided between the contact surface of the bone conduction microphone and the temple or the mirror frame or the cavity side wall of the installation cavity, so as to realize the bone conduction microphone and the temple, the mirror frame or the cavity side wall of the installation cavity elastic connection between.
  • one side of the elastic layer can be fixedly connected with the temple, the frame or the cavity side wall of the installation cavity, and the other side of the elastic layer can be detachably connected with the bone conduction microphone, so as to facilitate the connection of the bone conduction microphone. Repair and replacement.
  • the user can also adjust the pressure between the bone conduction microphone and the user's body according to their own conditions, thereby improving the quality of the vibration signal received by the bone conduction microphone.
  • the fixed connection here may include, but not limited to, bonding, welding, splicing, etc.
  • the detachable connection may include, but not limited to, snap connection, screw connection, and the like.
  • the elastic layer here may refer to a structure that can undergo elastic deformation under the action of external force.
  • the material of the elastic layer may include, but is not limited to, sponge, rubber, silicone, plastic, foam, etc., or any combination thereof.
  • the plastic may include, but is not limited to, high molecular weight polyethylene, blow molded nylon, engineering plastics, and the like, or any combination thereof. Rubber can refer to other single or composite materials that can achieve the same performance, including but not limited to general-purpose rubber and special-purpose rubber.
  • general purpose rubbers may include, but are not limited to, natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, cis-butadiene rubber, neoprene, the like, or any combination thereof.
  • specialty rubbers may include, but are not limited to, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, polysulfide rubber, urethane rubber, chlorohydrin rubber, acrylate rubber, propylene oxide rubber, etc., or any combination thereof.
  • the styrene-butadiene rubber may include, but is not limited to, emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber and solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber.
  • composite materials may include, but are not limited to, reinforcing materials such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, boron fibers, graphite fibers, fibers, graphene fibers, silicon carbide fibers, or aramid fibers.
  • FIG. 10 is an exemplary structural diagram of a bone conduction microphone in contact with a user's body provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • a mounting cavity 1030 for mounting a bone conduction microphone 1020 may be opened inside the glasses body 1000 (eg, a frame or temple), and the bone conduction microphone 1020 may be in direct contact with the user's body 1010 , the bone conduction microphone 1020 can be elastically connected to the side wall of the cavity where the installation cavity 1030 is located through an elastic element (or elastic layer) 1040 .
  • the elastic element (or elastic layer) 1040 compresses the bone conduction microphone 1020 so that the bone conduction microphone can fit the user's body.
  • the pressure between the contact surface of the bone conduction microphone and the human body can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic element (or elastic layer) 1040 .
  • the pressure between the contact surface and the human body may be greater than 0.1N.
  • the pressure between the contact surface and the human body can be greater than 0.2N.
  • the pressure between the contact surface and the human body can be greater than 0.4N. More preferably, the pressure between the contact surface and the human body can be greater than 0.6N. More preferably, the pressure between the contact surface and the human body can be greater than 1N.
  • the bone conduction microphone 1020 When the user wears glasses to speak, vibration is generated on the contact surface (eg, facial skin) of the bone conduction microphone 1020 in contact with the user's body, and the bone conduction microphone 1020 can receive the vibration signal from the contact surface and convert the vibration signal into corresponding electrical signal.
  • the elastic element (or elastic layer) 1040 provides a buffering effect between the bone conduction microphone 1020 and the glasses body 1000 , which can effectively reduce the impact of the vibration of the glasses body 1000 on the bone conduction microphone 1020 , that is, reduce the vibration noise on the glasses body 1000 Effects on bone conduction microphone 1020.
  • the vibration unit of the bone conduction microphone 1020 may be disposed in parallel with the contact surface of the user's face with respect to the glasses body 1000 (the temple or the frame). Specifically, when a user wears glasses to speak, the user's face will mainly generate vibrations perpendicular to the surface of the skin. When the vibration unit of the bone conduction microphone 1020 is arranged in parallel with the contact surface of the user's face, the vibration direction of the vibration unit of the bone conduction microphone 1020 will be parallel to the vibration direction of the user's face, so that the vibration unit can better receive the vibration from the user's body. Vibration signal. For the specific content of the vibration unit, reference may be made to FIG. 6 of the present application and its related description.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of speech signal processing of the bone conduction microphone of glasses provided according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the voice activity detection (VAD) processing of the voice signal of the bone conduction microphone may be performed, so as to facilitate the calculation of the overall algorithm.
  • Noise reduction processing For example, voice activity detection can accurately locate the start point and end point of the voice signal from the voice signal with noise, and then remove the noise as an interference signal from the original data.
  • the frequency band that the bone conduction microphone can use is about 20Hz-5000Hz.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone can provide more comprehensive VAD information for the overall algorithm of speech signal processing, thereby improving the noise reduction performance of the overall algorithm.
  • the glasses may also include an air conduction microphone.
  • the lower frequency signal of the bone conduction microphone may be concatenated with the higher frequency signal of the air conduction microphone, thereby improving the noise immunity performance of the overall algorithm.
  • the frequency band that can be used for the voice signal of the traditional bone conduction microphone is about 20Hz-1200Hz, and the splicing point of the voice signal of the traditional bone conduction microphone and the voice signal of the air conduction microphone can be about 1000Hz.
  • the frequency band that the bone conduction microphone can use is about 20Hz-5000Hz, and the splicing point of the voice signal of the bone conduction microphone and the voice signal of the air conduction microphone can be selected here. higher frequencies, thereby improving the noise immunity of the overall algorithm.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone may also be directly used as the final speech signal after being processed (eg, bone conduction sound quality processing).
  • the problem that the voice signal of the bone conduction microphone is directly output as the final voice signal is mainly that the frequency range of the voice signal of the bone conduction microphone that can be used is small.
  • the sound quality of the bone conduction microphone can be improved. Bad question.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone can be "converted" into the speech signal of the corresponding air conduction microphone, and the bone conduction microphone can also be solved. Degraded sound quality of conduction microphones.
  • the training of the above-mentioned neural network may be performed individually on a per user basis.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone of the glasses can be used as the identification signal of a specific scene.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone of the glasses can be used as a switch signal for keyword recognition. If the user is in a noisy environment, the microphones (eg, bone conduction microphones, air conduction microphones) need to be kept on, and the corresponding algorithms also need to be kept on. At this time, the power consumption of the microphones is relatively large.
  • the bone conduction microphone mainly receives the vibration signal of the user's body vibrating when the user speaks, and the noise of the external environment has little influence on the bone conduction microphone, using the voice signal of the bone conduction microphone as the voice recognition switch can reduce the external noise The effect of noise makes the switching function more accurate.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone of the glasses can also be used for voiceprint recognition.
  • the bone conduction microphone of glasses mainly receives the vibration signal of body vibration when the user speaks, and when the user wears glasses with bone conduction microphone, the frequency band used by the bone conduction microphone can be expanded to 20Hz-5000Hz, This frequency band includes most frequency bands of speech.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone is used as the signal source for voiceprint recognition, which can improve the accuracy of voiceprint recognition.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone of the glasses may also be used for speech recognition.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone can be used as the signal source for speech recognition, which can shield external noise to a certain extent and obtain a cleaner speech signal.
  • the frequency band that the bone conduction microphone can use can be expanded to 20Hz-5000Hz, which includes most of the frequency bands of speech.
  • the accuracy of speech recognition based on the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone have also been improved accordingly.
  • the voice signal of the bone conduction microphone and the voice signal of the air conduction microphone may also be used in combination as a signal source for voice recognition.
  • a speech model related to the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone can also be independently trained.
  • the speech model related to the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone can be trained separately, or the speech model related to the speech signal of the air conduction microphone can be trained separately, or the bone conduction microphone can be trained at the same time.
  • a speech model related to the speech signal of the conduction microphone and the speech signal of the air conduction microphone As shown in FIG.
  • the speech signal of the bone conduction microphone (“bone conduction signal” shown in FIG. 12 ) is subjected to model training to obtain a corresponding speech model, which can be used for keyword training, and the speech model training is completed Then, keyword identification can be performed based on the bone conduction signal, so as to obtain the identification result corresponding to the bone conduction signal.
  • aspects of this application may be illustrated and described in terms of several patentable classes or situations, including any new and useful process, machine, product or combination of matter or combinations of them. Any new and useful improvements. Accordingly, various aspects of the present application may be performed entirely by hardware, entirely by software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or by a combination of hardware and software.
  • the above hardware or software may be referred to as a "data block”, “module”, “engine”, “unit”, “component” or “system”.
  • aspects of the present application may be embodied as a computer product comprising computer readable program code embodied in one or more computer readable media.
  • numbers describing the quantity of components and properties are used, it should be understood that such numbers used to describe the embodiments, in some instances, the modifiers "about”, “approximately” or “substantially” etc. are used to modify. Unless stated otherwise, “about”, “approximately” or “substantially” means that a variation of ⁇ 20% is allowed for the stated number. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical data used in the specification and claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical data should take into account the specified significant digits and use a general digit retention method. Notwithstanding that the numerical fields and data used in some embodiments of the present application to confirm the breadth of their ranges are approximations, in particular embodiments such numerical values are set as precisely as practicable.

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Abstract

一种眼镜，包括：眼镜本体（10），眼镜本体（10）包括镜框（11）和镜腿（12），镜框（11）与镜腿（12）通过物理方式连接；以及至少一个骨传导麦克风（20），被配置为将振动信号转化为电信号；其中，至少一个骨传导麦克风（20）与镜框（11）或镜腿（12）通过物理方式连接，至少一个骨传导麦克风（20）用于接收来自镜框（11）、镜腿（12）或用户身体的振动信号。该眼镜抗噪音能力强，适用范围广。

Description

一种眼镜 技术领域
本申请涉及声学领域，特别涉及一种包含骨传导麦克风的眼镜。
背景技术
一般的麦克风是利用空气传导且属于开放式，虽可得到不错的音质，但无法隔绝外界背景声源，在嘈杂环境下的对话无法过滤环境噪音，给使用者造成极大不便。与气传导麦克风相比，骨传导麦克风由于与人体直接接触或间接接触，通过骨传导的方式检测使用者发声时的振动，具有较强的抗噪音能力。但是目前大多数骨传导麦克风的适用范围有限，佩戴不方便等情况，针对于此，本申请提供了一种集成了骨传导麦克风的眼镜。
发明内容
本申请实施例之一提供一种眼镜，包括：眼镜本体，所述眼镜本体包括镜框和镜腿，所述镜框与所述镜腿通过物理方式连接；以及至少一个骨传导麦克风，被配置为将振动信号转化为电信号；其中，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述镜框或所述镜腿通过物理方式连接，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风用于接收来自所述镜框、所述镜腿或用户身体的振动信号。
在一些实施例中，用户佩戴所述眼镜时，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风不与用户身体接触。
在一些实施例中，至少一个骨传导麦克风位于靠近所述镜框与用户身体接触的位置。
在一些实施例中，至少一个骨传导麦克风位于靠近所述镜腿与用户身体接触的位置。
在一些实施例中，至少一个骨传导麦克风靠近所述镜框与所述镜腿的连 接处。
在一些实施例中，至少一个骨传导麦克风包括振动单元，所述振动单元相对于所述镜框或所述镜腿与所述用户身体接触的接触面平行设置。
在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风的振动单元为单轴加速度传感器或多轴加速度传感器。
在一些实施例中，镜腿包括第一镜腿和第二镜腿，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风包括至少一个第一骨传导麦克风和至少一个第二骨传导麦克风；其中，所述至少一个第一骨传导麦克风位于第一镜腿处，所述至少一个第二骨传导麦克风位于所述第二镜腿处。
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一骨传导麦克风和所述至少一个第二骨传导麦克风均为无线骨传导麦克风。
在一些实施例中，镜腿包括与用户直接接触的接触面，所述接触面与人体之间的压力大于0.1N。
在一些实施例中，接触面与人体之间的压力大于0.2N。
在一些实施例中，接触面与人体之间的压力大于0.6N。
在一些实施例中，至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述镜腿或所述镜框弹性连接。
在一些实施例中，用户佩戴时，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述用户身体接触，使得所述至少一个骨传导麦克风接收所述用户身体的振动信号。
在一些实施例中，至少一个骨传导麦克风的振动单元相对于所述镜框或所述镜腿与所述用户身体的接触面平行设置。
在一些实施例中，所述镜腿或所述镜框处开设有用于安装所述至少一个骨传导麦克风的安装腔。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述安装腔所在的 腔体侧壁之间通过弹性元件连接。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述安装腔之间设有弹性层。
附图说明
本申请将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：
图1是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的眼镜的示例性结构示意图；
图2是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风不同安装位置的示例性频率响应曲线图；
图3是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风安装位置的示例性结构示意图；
图4是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风安装位置的示例性结构示意图；
图5是根据本申请的另一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风安装位置的示例性结构示意图；
图6是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风的示例性的结构示意图；
图7是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风在不同压力下的示例性频率响应曲线图；
图8是根据本申请一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风的频率响应曲线图；
图9是根据本申请一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风接收的噪声信号和语音信号的频率响应图；
图10是根据本申请一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风与用户身体接 触的示例性结构图；
图11是根据本申请一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风的语音信号示例性处理流程图；以及
图12是根据本申请一些实施例提供的训练语音模型的示例性流程图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本申请应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
应当理解，本文使用的“系统”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模组”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换所述词语。
如本申请和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。
本申请中使用了流程图用来说明根据本申请的实施例的系统所执行的操作。应当理解的是，前面或后面操作不一定按照顺序来精确地执行。相反，可以按照倒序或同时处理各个步骤。同时，也可以将其他操作添加到这些过程中，或从这些过程移除某一步或数步操作。
图1是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的眼镜的示例性的结构示意图。
如图1所示，眼镜可以包括眼镜本体10和至少一个骨传导麦克风20。其中，眼镜本体10可以包括镜框11、镜腿12等部件。在一些实施例中，眼镜本体10可以包括近视镜、远视镜、太阳镜、3D眼镜、VR(Virtual Reality，虚拟现实)/AR(Augmented Reality，增强现实)眼镜等各种类型的眼镜，本申请中不对其进行具体限定。
在一些实施例中，镜框11与镜腿12之间可以通过物理方式连接，例如铰接、卡接、焊接、一体成型等连接方式，例如，镜腿12和镜腿11之间通过铰接的方式进行连接时，镜腿12可以以镜框11和镜腿12的连接处为轴心进行转动，使得镜腿12可以相对于镜框11具有折叠或展开的状态。又例如，镜腿12和镜腿11之间通过铰接或卡接的方式进行连接时，镜腿12可以相对于镜框11进行拆卸，以便用户对镜腿11进行维修或更换。再例如，镜框11和镜腿12之间通过焊接或一体成型的方式进行连接时，镜框11和镜腿12可以具有固定的工作状态，而无需进行折叠或展开的操作。在一些实施例中，镜腿12还可以包括伸缩结构(图1中未示出)，用户在佩戴该眼镜时可以通过该伸缩结构调节镜腿12的长度，从而使其能够适应不同用户之间的头部形状差异。在本说明书的实施例中，伸缩结构可以是指具有长度可调节能力的结构。例如，在一些实施例中，伸缩结构可以是伸缩杆结构。
骨传导麦克风20是一种能够将振动信号转换为电信号的拾音装置(即语音采集装置)。振动信号可以是指用户说话时，用户身体部位发生振动而产生的信号。为了方便理解，可以将骨传导麦克风理解为一种对通过振动传递的骨导声音敏感，而对空气传递的气导声音不敏感的麦克风装置。骨传导麦克风20可以设置于眼镜本体10上，例如镜腿12或镜框11的某个部位。在一些实施例中，当用户佩戴该眼镜时，该骨传导麦克风20可以不与人体直接接触，用户说话时产生的振动信号(例如脸部振动)先 传递至镜框11和/或镜腿12，再由镜框11和/或镜腿12传递至骨传导麦克风20，骨传导麦克风进一步将该人体振动信号转换为包含语音信息的电信号。在一些实施例中，用户佩戴该眼镜时，骨传导麦克风20可以与人体直接接触，用户说话时产生的振动信号可以直接传递给骨传导麦克风20。在一些实施例中，镜腿12或镜框11内部可以包括中空结构，与骨传导麦克风20相关的控制电路或信号传输电路可以设置于上述中空结构中。
继续参照图1，在一些实施例中，眼镜还可以包括扬声器组件30。扬声器组件30可以用于将带有声音信息的电信号转换为声音。在一些实施例中，扬声器组件30可以为骨传导扬声器，其可以通过铰链组件40连接到镜腿12上。如图1所示，骨传导扬声器可以示例性地连接在镜腿12的末端(即远离镜框11的一端)，当用户佩戴该眼镜时，骨导扬声器可以贴合在用户耳朵背面，通过骨导的方式将声音传递给用户。铰链组件40可以进一步包括连接线41。连接线41可以为具有电性连接作用和/或机械连接作用的连接件。在一些替代的实施例中，扬声器组件30可以为气导扬声器，其可以安装在镜腿12上任意位置。优选地，气导扬声器可以安装在镜腿12的中部，当用户佩戴该眼镜时，气导扬声器可以通过一个或多个朝向用户耳道的导声孔，以气导的方式将声音传递给用户。在一些实施例中，与扬声器组件30相关的控制电路或信号传输电路可以设置于镜腿12内部的中空结构当中。
在一些实施例中，考虑到用户在佩戴眼镜时人体通常会与镜腿12或镜框11直接接触，而在眼镜本体10与骨传导麦克风20刚性连接的情况下，无需骨传导麦克风20与人体直接接触即可通过眼镜本体10(例如，镜框11、镜腿12)较好地将用户说话时的振动信号传递至骨传导麦克风20。因此，可以将骨传导麦克风20设置在眼镜本体10上不与用户身体接触的位置，并通过刚性连接的方式将骨传导麦克风20与眼镜本体10连接。这 里的刚性连接可以包括粘接、焊接或一体成型等固定连接方式，也可以是卡接、螺栓连接等可拆卸连接方式，连接方式可以根据具体情况进行适应性调整，在此不做进一步限定。在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风20可以位于镜框11或镜腿12的外表面或内部。例如，在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风20位于镜框11的外表面时，骨传导麦克风20可以位于镜框11或镜腿12背离用户身体一侧的侧壁。又例如，骨传导麦克风20可以位于镜框11或镜腿12朝向用户身体一侧的侧壁区域，该侧壁区域至用户身体的间距大于骨传导麦克风20的高度(或厚度)。再例如，在一些实施例中，镜框11或镜腿12处可以包括安装腔(图1中未示出)，该安装腔可以用于放置骨传导麦克风20，骨传导麦克风20可以延伸或不延伸出该安装腔，这种方式也可以满足用户佩戴眼镜时骨传导麦克风20不与用户身体接触。
图2是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风不同安装位置的频率响应曲线图。如图2所示，在中高频段(例如，200Hz-2000Hz)，骨传导麦克风位于靠近眼镜本体(例如，镜腿或镜框)与用户身体接触的位置(图2中所示的“靠近接触位置”)时接收到振动信号明显大于骨传导麦克风位于远离眼镜本体与用户身体接触的位置(图2中所示的“远离接触位置”)接收到的振动信号。在一些实施例中，为了提高骨传导麦克风接收的振动信号的质量骨传导麦克风可以位于靠近眼镜本体与用户身体接触的位置。
在一些实施例中，为了确保骨传导信号的传递效果，可以将至少一个骨传导麦克风设置于靠近镜框与用户身体接触的位置。具体地，如图3所示，在一些实施例中，上述镜框11可以包括与人体接触的鼻托111部分。鼻托111部分可以是指用户在佩戴眼镜时，镜框11与用户鼻子相抵靠的结构。在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风20可以设置在鼻托111附近。可以理解，由于用户在佩戴该眼镜时该镜框的鼻托部分与人体直接接触，用户在 说话或产生身体振动时产生的振动信号可以通过镜框的鼻托部分直接传递到骨传导麦克风20。在一些实施例中，当用户佩戴眼镜时，镜框11也可以与用户身体(例如，眼部周围)相贴靠，进一步地，镜框11可以包覆在用户眼部周围的皮肤，此时骨传导麦克风20可以直接设置于镜框11处，用户在说话或产生身体振动时产生的振动信号可以直接通过镜框11传递到骨传导麦克风20处。
在一些实施例中，为了提高振动信号的传递效果，至少一个骨传导麦克风20还可以设置于靠近镜腿与用户身体接触的位置。如图4所示，用户在佩戴眼镜时，该眼镜的镜腿12远离镜框11的位置通常会与人体直接接触。例如，用户佩戴眼镜时，镜腿12与用户身体接触的位置可以是指镜腿上靠近太阳穴到耳朵的局部区域121。又例如，镜腿12与用户身体接触的位置可以是镜腿远离镜框11的弯折区域122，当用户佩戴眼镜时，该弯折区域122通常位于用户耳廓的上方。在一些实施例中，为了提高镜腿12传递至骨传导麦克风20的振动信号质量，至少一个骨传导麦克风20可以设置在镜腿上靠近太阳穴到耳朵的局部区域121或者靠近镜腿弯折区域122的位置。
如图5所示，在一些实施例中，考虑到镜腿12上靠近与人体接触的位置以及镜框11上靠近与人体接触的位置空间均有限，而将骨传导麦克风20设置在镜框11与镜腿12的连接处附近可以使骨传导麦克风20同时接收到来自镜框11和镜腿12的振动信号，因此，在一些实施例中，还可以将骨传导麦克风20设置于靠近镜框11与镜腿12的连接处。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，还可以根据镜框11与镜腿12之间的连接方式以及镜框11或镜腿12的弹性强度来确定骨传导麦克风20的安装位置。例如，当镜框11与镜腿12之间连接的强度较低，且镜腿12或镜框11本身弹性强度较小时，可以将骨传导麦克风20安装在靠近镜框11 与人体接触的位置或镜腿12与人体接触的位置，从而确保传递至骨传导麦克风20处的人体振动信号的质量。这里的镜框11与镜腿12之间的连接强度可以是指镜框与镜腿连接后，其可承受的拉伸强度、弯曲载荷、压缩载荷或扭转载荷等性能。上述关于骨传导麦克风20的安装位置仅为示例性说明，关于骨传导麦克风的安装位置并不限于图3、图4以及图5中所示的位置，在本申请说明书的实施例中，骨传导麦克风的安装位置可以包括但不限于以上列举的几种情况，例如，当镜框11与镜腿12之间连接紧密，且镜腿12与镜框11本身弹性强度较大时，则任意设置骨传导麦克风的位置均能保证骨传导麦克风接收到较好的振动信号。
图6是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风的示例性的结构示意图。
如图6所示，在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风20可以包括壳体结构210、声学换能器240和振动单元220。骨传导麦克风20的形状可以是长方体，圆柱体或其他规则结构体或不规则结构体。在一些实施例中，壳体结构210和声学换能器240通过物理方式连接，其中，壳体结构210和声学换能器240可以视为骨传导麦克风20的封装结构。在一些实施例中，这里的物理方式连接可以包括焊接、卡接、粘接或一体成型等连接方式。在一些实施例中，壳体结构210和声学换能器240围成具有第一声学腔体230的封装结构，其中，振动单元220可以位于该封装结构的第一声学腔体230内。在一些实施例中，振动单元220将第一声学腔体230分隔为第二声学腔体231和第三声学腔体232。其中，第三声学腔体232与声学换能器240声学连通。在一些实施例中，第二声学腔体231可以为声学密封的腔体结构。
在一些实施例中，振动单元220可以包括质量元件222和弹性元件221。在一些实施例中，质量元件222可以与壳体结构210通过弹性元件 221连接。在一些实施例中，弹性元件221可以位于质量元件222背离声学换能器240的一侧，弹性元件221的一端与壳体结构210连接，弹性元件221的另一端与质量元件222连接。在其它的实施例中，弹性元件221还可以位于质量元件222的周侧，其中，弹性元件221的内侧与质量元件222的周侧连接，弹性元件221的外侧或背离声学换能器240的一侧与壳体结构210连接。在一些实施例中，质量元件222还可以与声学换能器240通过弹性元件221连接。在一些实施例中，弹性元件221可以为圆管状、方管状、异形管状、环状、平板状等。在一些实施例中，弹性元件的材质可以为具有发生弹性形变能力的材料，例如，硅胶、金属、橡胶等。在本说明书的实施例中，弹性元件221相比于壳体结构210更容易发生弹性形变，使得振动单元220可以相对壳体结构210发生相对运动。
骨传导麦克风20可以将外部振动信号转换为电信号。在一些实施例中，外部振动信号可以包括人说话时的振动信号、皮肤随人体运动等原因产生的振动信号以及与骨传导麦克风20接触的物体(例如镜框或镜腿)产生的振动信号等，或其任意组合。
骨传导麦克风20工作时，外部振动信号可以通过壳体结构210传递到振动单元220，振动单元220响应于壳体结构210的振动而发生振动。由于振动单元220的振动相位与壳体结构210和声学换能器240的振动相位不同，振动单元220的振动可以引起第三声学腔体232的体积变化，进而引起第三声学腔体232的声压变化。声学换能器240可以检测第三声学腔体232的声压变化并转换为电信号。在一些实施例中，声学换能器240可以包括振膜(图6中未示出)，第三声学腔体232的声压发生变化时，使得第三声学腔体232内部的空气发生振动而作用于振膜，即振膜发生形变，声学换能器240将振膜的振动信号转化为电信号。
在一些实施例中，上述骨传导麦克风20的振动单元220可以相对于 所述镜框或所述镜腿与用户身体接触的接触面平行设置。例如，当骨传导麦克风20位于镜框或镜腿的内侧(即镜框或镜腿与人体相对的侧面)或外侧时，振动单元220的可以沿着垂直人体(皮肤)的方向振动。由于人体与镜腿或镜框的接触能够传递与人体垂直方向的振动，在一些实施例中，将骨传导麦克风20的振动单元220相对于所述镜框或所述镜腿与用户身体接触的接触面平行设置，可以更好地采集来自于人体的振动信号，从而提高骨传导麦克风的灵敏度。在其它的实施例中，骨传导麦克风20的振动单元220还可以不相对于镜框或镜腿与用户身体接触的接触面平行设置。例如，骨传导麦克风20位于镜框或镜腿的上侧侧壁或下侧侧壁时，骨传导麦克风20具有振动单元220的一侧可以与镜框或镜腿连接，以便骨传导麦克风20更好的接受镜框或镜腿处的振动信号。
在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风20的振动单元220可以包括单轴加速度传感器或多轴加速度传感器(例如三轴加速度传感器)。在一些实施例中，可以选取多轴加速度传感器所采集的多个方向中最强的振动信号作为骨传导麦克风的输入信号。可选地，在一些实施例中，也可以对多轴加速度传感器多个方向采集到的振动信号进行加权求和，从而得到更强的输入信号。
在一些实施例中，眼镜可以包括多个骨传导麦克风20。在一些实施例中，该多个骨传导麦克风20可以分别设置在眼镜本体10(例如，镜框或镜腿)的不同位置。例如，在一些实施例中，眼镜本体10可以包括第一镜腿和第二镜腿，该多个骨传导麦克风中可以包括至少一个第一骨传导麦克风和至少一个第二骨传导麦克风，其中，至少一个第一骨传导麦克风可以设置在第一镜腿上，至少一个第二骨传导麦克风可以设置在第二镜腿上。在一些实施例中，第一镜腿上设置的多个第一骨传导麦克风和第二镜腿上设置的多个第二骨传导麦克风可以分别呈阵列排布。需要说明的是，上述 第一骨传导麦克风和第二骨传导麦克风的数量及类型可以相同，也可以不同。
在一些实施例中，设置在第一镜腿的第一骨传导麦克风和设置在第二镜腿上的第二骨传导麦克风可以有不同的朝向，例如，其中部分骨传导麦克风中振动单元的振动方向可以沿垂直人体(皮肤)的方向设置，部分骨传导麦克风中振动单元的振动方向可以与垂直人体的方向呈一定夹角。这样，不同的骨传导麦克风可以采集到不同方向的振动信号。在一些实施例中，可以从多个骨传导麦克风采集到的信号中选择信噪比最大的信号作为目标信号。需要注意的是，多个骨传导麦克风的位置不限于上述的第一镜腿和第二镜腿处，还可以位于镜框处或者分别位于镜框和镜腿处。
在一些实施例中，多个骨传导麦克风可以均为无线骨传导麦克风，该骨传导麦克风采集到的语音信号可以通过无线通信网络发送至其他电子设备。在一些实施例中，所述无线通信网络可以包括蓝牙、红外、UWB(Ultra Wideband)等无线通信方式中的任意一种。
图7是根据本申请的一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风在不同压力下的示例性频率响应曲线图。眼镜本体可以包括与用户直接接触的接触面，例如镜腿内壁、镜框内壁、鼻托内壁等。在一些实施例中，通过调节眼镜本体的接触面与用户身体之间的夹紧力(也被称为压力)，可以改变眼镜本体和用户身体之间的振动传递效率，从而改变眼镜本体上骨传导麦克风所接收的振动信号的质量。如图7所示，在特定频率范围，当骨传导麦克风与眼镜本体之间刚性连接时，骨传导麦克风接收到的振动信号随着眼镜本体(例如，镜框或镜腿)与人体皮肤之间的夹紧力增大而增强，即骨传导麦克风接收到的振动信号与眼镜本体与人体皮肤之间的夹紧力呈正相关。这里的特定频率范围可以是指100Hz-1000Hz，或者80Hz-800Hz，该特定频率范围可以根据具体情况进行选取，在此不做进一步限定。在一些实施 例中，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.1N。优选地，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.2N。进一步优选地，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.4N。较为优选地，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.6N。更为优选的，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于1N。在一些实施例中，可以通过调节眼镜的尺寸(例如镜腿长度，镜腿之间的相对距离)来调节该接触面与人体皮肤之间的夹紧力，从而确保眼镜本体能够将人体振动信号较好地传递至骨传导麦克风。
在一些实施例中，该接触面可以是镜框或镜腿局部区域的表面。在一些实施例中，该接触面可以是突出镜框或镜腿表面的结构(也叫“突出结构”)的面，该突出结构可以用于与人体接触以更好采集人体振动信号的独立部件，该部件可以与镜腿或镜框刚性连接或一体成型，从而降低该部件与镜腿或镜框之间进行振动信号传递时所造成的能量损耗。在一些实施例中，可以通过调整该突出结构的高度(或厚度)或弹性系数以调整接触面与用户身体部位之间的夹紧力，进而调节人体振动信号传递至骨传导麦克风处的信号质量。
在一些实施例中，用户在佩戴该眼镜时可以调整上述镜框、镜腿或突出结构的接触面与人体皮肤的相对位置来改变该接触面与人体皮肤之间的夹紧力，进而调节人体振动信号传递至骨传导麦克风处的信号质量，换句话说，即调节骨传导麦克风的信号采集效果。
需要说明，上述关于夹紧力的数值仅为举例说明，在本申请中，该接触面与人体皮肤之间的夹紧力可以包括，但不限于上述数值。例如，在一些实施例中，该夹紧力也可以为0.3N、0.5N、0.7N、0.8N、1.2N等，在此不对其进行具体限定。
在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风可以位于眼镜的镜腿或镜框的与用户身体接触的一侧。当用户佩戴该眼镜时，骨传导麦克风可以与用户身体 接触，从而可以更好的接收用户身体、镜腿或镜框的振动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风还可以位于镜腿或镜框结构内部，例如，在一些实例中，镜腿或镜框处可以开设有用于安装骨传导麦克风的安装腔，骨传导麦克风可以位于该安装腔中。骨传导麦克风远离镜腿或镜框的一端可以相对于镜腿或镜框的表面突出，即骨传导麦克风的一端伸出该安装腔，使得用户在佩戴眼镜时可以与骨传导麦克风接触。将骨传导麦克风设置于镜腿或镜框的安装腔中，一方面可以减小眼镜的体积，提高眼镜的美观度。另一方面，也可以减少外部噪声信号对骨传导麦克风所采集的信号的影响。
在一些实施例中，镜腿或镜框的振动中可能包含噪声信号(例如，外界空气中的噪声带动镜腿或镜框振动)，为了降低骨传导麦克风处接收的噪声信号，骨传导麦克风的一端可以与镜腿或镜框弹性连接，骨传导麦克风的另一端可以在用户佩戴该眼镜时与用户身体直接接触。这种情况下，当用户佩戴眼镜时，骨传导麦克风与用户身体直接接触，使得骨传导麦克风可以直接采集用户说话时其身体发出的振动信号，骨传导麦克风可以基于该振动信号产生对应的电信号，该电信号经过处理后输送至电子设备中。此外，骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框采用弹性连接方式，减少了骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框之间的连接，从而减少镜腿或镜框传递的噪声振动信号。
骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框采用弹性连接方式进行连接时，镜腿或镜框的振动与骨传导麦克风接收到的振动之间的关系如公式所示：
Figure PCTCN2020139697-appb-000001
其中，L 1是骨传导麦克风接收到的振动，L 2是镜腿或镜框的振动，k是骨传导麦克风和镜腿或镜框之间连接的弹性强度，m是骨传导麦克风的质量，c是骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框之间连接的阻尼，ω是角频率。
图8是根据本申请一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风的频率响应曲线图。如图8所示，当骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框采用弹性连接方式时，由 于骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框之间的弹性层或弹性元件具有一定的柔软性，使得骨传导麦克风的谐振峰位于相对较低的频率(例如，400Hz-800Hz)，此时相对于较高频率范围(例如，高于1000Hz的频率范围)的振动信号，骨传导麦克风对较低频率范围内(例如，小于谐振峰频率的范围)的振动信号具有更高的灵敏度。在这种情况下，骨传导麦克不容易受外界噪声所引起的中高频振动的影响，但对人体传递给骨传导麦克的低频信号(即有效的语音信号)有较高的响应，有效提高了骨传导麦克的信噪比。另外，弹性层或弹性元件的存在有效降低了骨传导麦克的谐振峰的值，使得骨传导麦克的频率响应曲线较为平坦，从而保证骨传导麦克风采集到的语音信号不会发生失真的问题。
在一些实施例中，镜腿或镜框处开设有用于安装骨传导麦克风的安装腔，该安装腔可以位于镜框或镜腿的内部。在一些实施例中，镜腿或镜框还可以包括突出结构，该突出结构中可以开设用于安装骨传导麦克风的安装腔，使得用户佩戴眼镜时，骨传导麦克风可以与用户身体接触。图9是根据本申请一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风接收的噪声信号和语音信号的频率响应图。如图9所示，骨传导麦克风接收到的语音信号中，中低频(例如，100Hz-1000Hz)信号较多，高频(例如，2000Hz-8000Hz)信号较少，骨传导麦克风均匀的接收噪声信号，接收到的噪声信号没有明显的频率特征。语音信号主要传递的是人体的振动信号，人体的振动信号在中低频较多，在高频慢慢衰减，人体的振动信号作为信号源会在镜框上形成一些谐振，从而在一些高频频段(例如，2500Hz-4000Hz)出现峰谷。噪声信号主要传递外界噪声的气导信号，这些气导信号的接收器相当于是眼镜的上结构(例如，镜框、镜片或镜腿等)，气导信号对应的波长相对于人体振动信号的波长较小，因而接收到噪声信号中高频信号较多，低频信号较少。安装腔可以为骨传导麦克风隔绝外界噪声，提高骨传导麦克风的信噪 比。
由图9可知，在中低频段(例如，小于1000Hz)，骨传导麦克风接收的语音信号相对于噪声信号的信噪比较高，即在低频段骨传导麦克风接收的噪声信号基本不影响语音信号的质量。在一些实施例中，安装腔用于物理隔噪，以隔绝镜腿或镜框传递的中高频(例如，大于1000Hz-2000Hz)和高频(例如，大于2000Hz)的噪声信号，通过安装腔的物理隔噪可以提高骨传导麦克风在中高频的信噪比。其中，物理隔噪指的是减少骨传导麦克风接收外界特定频段(例如，大于1000Hz)的噪声信号。进一步地，当用户佩戴眼镜时，用户身体可以与镜腿或镜框紧密接触，从而将安装腔内部的骨传导麦克风与外部隔绝，将骨传导麦克风设置于安装腔内可以减少骨传导麦克风与空气之间的接触，从而减少空气直接传递的噪声信号。
在一些实施例中，物理隔噪需要骨传导麦克风与用户身体直接接触，并且骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框弹性连接。眼镜有足够大的空间，可以满足有独立结构的骨传导麦克风安装腔的需要。具体地，骨传导麦克风可以放置于镜腿内侧，与用户身体直接接触。进一步地，安装腔方案同时可以应用于其他场景，例如，耳罩式耳机上。耳罩耳机空间较大，且有多处与用户身体直接接触，能做到较好的隔音，以及采集到较好的骨传导信号。
在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风与镜腿或镜框的接触面或安装腔的腔体侧壁之间设有弹性层，从而实现骨传导麦克风与镜腿、镜框或安装腔的腔体侧壁之间的弹性连接。在一些实施例中，弹性层的一侧可以与镜腿、镜框或安装腔的腔体侧壁固定连接，弹性层的另一侧可以与骨传导麦克风可拆卸连接，以便于对骨传导麦克风的维修和更换。此外，用户还可以根据自身情况调整骨传导麦克风与用户身体之间的压力，从而提高骨传导麦克风接收到的振动信号的质量。在一些实施例中，这里的固定连接的方式可以包括但不限于粘接、焊接、嵌接等方式，可拆卸连接的方式可以包括 但不限于卡扣连接、螺纹连接等。
这里的弹性层可以是指可以在外力作用下具有发生弹性形变的结构。在一些实施例中，弹性层的材料可以包括但不限于海绵、橡胶、硅胶、塑料、泡沫等或其任意组合。在一些实施例中，塑料可以包括但不限于高分子聚乙烯、吹塑尼龙、工程塑料等或其任意组合。橡胶，可以是指能达到同样性能的其他单一或复合材料，可以包括但不限于通用型橡胶和特种型橡胶。在一些实施例中，通用型橡胶可以包括但不限于天然橡胶、异戊橡胶、丁苯橡胶、顺丁橡胶、氯丁橡胶等或其任意组合。在一些实施例中，特种型橡胶可以包括但不限于丁腈橡胶、硅橡胶、氟橡胶、聚硫橡胶、聚氨酯橡胶、氯醇橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、环氧丙烷橡胶等或其任意组合。其中，丁苯橡胶可以包括但不限于乳液聚合丁苯橡胶和溶液聚合丁苯橡胶。在一些实施例中，复合材料可以包括但不限于玻璃纤维、碳纤维、硼纤维、石墨纤维、纤维、石墨烯纤维、碳化硅纤维或芳纶纤维等增强材料。
图10是根据本申请一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风与用户身体接触的示例性结构图。如图10所示，在一些实施例中，眼镜本体1000(例如，镜框或镜腿)的内部可以开设用于安装骨传导麦克风1020的安装腔1030，骨传导麦克风1020可以与用户身体1010直接接触，骨传导麦克风1020可以与安装腔1030所在的腔体侧壁通过弹性元件(或弹性层)1040弹性连接。可以理解的是，弹性元件(或弹性层)1040压迫骨传导麦克风1020使得骨传导麦克风能够与用户身体贴合。在一些实施例中，通过调整弹性元件(或弹性层)1040可以调整骨传导麦克风的接触面与人体之间的压力。在一些实施例中，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.1N。优选地，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.2N。进一步优选地，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.4N。较为优选地，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于0.6N。更为优选的，接触面与人体之间的压力可以大于1N。
当用户佩戴眼镜讲话时，在骨传导麦克风1020与用户身体接触的接触面(例如，脸部皮肤)产生振动，骨传导麦克风1020可以接收来自该接触面的振动信号，并将该振动信号转换为相应的电信号。此外，弹性元件(或弹性层)1040在骨传导麦克风1020和眼镜本体1000之间提供缓冲作用，可以有效减弱眼镜本体1000的振动对骨传导麦克风1020的影响，即减弱眼镜本体1000上的振动噪声对骨传导麦克风1020的影响。
在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风1020的振动单元可以相对于眼镜本体1000(镜腿或镜框)与用户脸部的接触面平行设置。具体地，当用户佩戴眼镜讲话时，用户脸部会主要产生垂直于皮肤表面的振动。将骨传导麦克风1020的振动单元与用户脸部接触面平行设置时，骨传导麦克风1020的振动单元的振动方向会与用户脸部的振动方向平行，从而使振动单元更好的接收来自用户身体的振动信号。关于振动单元的具体内容可以参考本申请图6及其相关描述。
图11是根据本申请一些实施例提供的眼镜的骨传导麦克风的语音信号处理流程图。如图11所示，在一些实施例中，在对骨传导麦克风的语音信号(电信号)进行处理时，可以将骨导麦克风的语音信号进行语音活动检测(VAD)处理，以便于整体算法的降噪处理。例如，语音活动检测可以从带有噪声的语音信号中准确的定位出语音信号的开始点和结束点，进而将噪声作为干扰信号从原始数据中去除。当用户佩戴眼镜时，骨传导麦克风可以使用的频段大概为20Hz-5000Hz，骨传导麦克风的语音信号可以为语音信号处理的整体算法提供更加全面的VAD信息，从而提高整体算法的降噪性能。在一些实施例中，眼镜还可以包括气传导麦克风。在一些实施例中，可以将骨传导麦克风的较低频信号与气传导麦克风的较高频信号进行拼接，从而提高整体算法的抗噪性能。例如，对于传统骨传导麦克风的语音信号可以使用的频段大约是20Hz-1200Hz，此时传统骨传导麦克 风的语音信号与气传导麦克风的语音信号的拼接点可以在1000Hz左右。而根据本申请中一些实施例所提供的骨传导麦克风与眼镜的结合，骨传导麦克风可以使用的频段大约是20Hz-5000Hz，这里骨传导麦克风的语音信号和气传导麦克风的语音信号的拼接点可以选取更高的频率，从而提高整体算法的抗噪性能。在一些实施例中，还可以将骨传导麦克风的语音信号经过处理(例如，骨导音质处理)后直接作为最终的语音信号。目前，骨传导麦克风的语音信号直接作为最终语音信号输出的问题主要在于可使用的骨传导麦克风的语音信号的频段范围较小。例如，真无线耳机(TWS)的骨传导语音信号可以使用的频段大约是20Hz-1500Hz。另外，骨传导麦克风的语音信号与气传导麦克风的语音信号的音质不同，使用骨传导麦克风的语音信号会导致最终输出的声音音质下降较为严重。通过本申请中一些实施例提供的骨传导麦克风与眼镜的结合，可以扩大骨传导麦克风的语音信号中可以使用的频率范围，眼镜的骨传导麦克风可以使用的频段可以达到20Hz-5000Hz，该频段可以包含了语音信号的大部分频段。在一些实施例中，通过将本申请中眼镜的骨传导麦克风与气传导麦克风的语音信号进行比较，基于比较结果对骨导音质处理的参数(例如，EQ)进行调节，可以改善骨传导麦克风音质不好的问题。或者可选地，通过关联骨传导麦克风的语音信号与气传导麦克风的语音信号的神经网络，可以将骨传导麦克风的语音信号“转化”为与其对应的气传导麦克风的语音信号，也可以解决骨传导麦克风的音质下降问题。在一些实施例中，上述神经网络的训练可以是基于每一个用户单独进行。用户在佩戴具有骨传导麦克风的眼镜时，经过EQ调节或神经网络转换后的骨传导麦克风的音质会与气传导麦克风的音质较为接近。需要注意的是，上述各实施例中的骨传导麦克风的语音信号和气传导麦克的语音信号都可以通过降噪模块进行降噪处理。在一些实施例中，骨传导麦克风的语音信号和/或气传导麦克风的语音信号可以通 过频谱混叠器进行处理。
在一些实施例中，眼镜的骨传导麦克风的语音信号可以作为特定场景的识别信号。例如，在环境噪声较大的场景下，眼镜的骨传导麦克风的语音信号可以作为关键词识别的开关信号。如果用户处于一直有噪声的环境中，麦克风(例如，骨传导麦克风、气传导麦克风)需要保持开启状态，对应的算法也需要保持开启的状态，此时的麦克风的功耗较大。由于骨传导麦风主要接收的是用户讲话时用户身体发生振动的振动信号，而外部环境的噪声对骨传导麦克风的影响较小，这里使用骨传导麦克风的语音信号作为语音识别开关可以减小外界噪声的影响，使开关功能更加准确。
在一些实施例中，眼镜的骨传导麦克风的语音信号还可以用于声纹识别。例如，在嘈杂的环境下，眼镜的骨传导麦克风主要接收用户讲话时身体振动的振动信号，而用户在佩戴具有骨传导麦克风的眼镜时，骨传导麦克风使用的频段可以扩宽至20Hz-5000Hz，该频段包含了语音的大部分频段，这里使用骨传导麦克风的语音信号作为声纹识别的信号来源，可以提高声纹识别的准确率。
在一些实施例中，眼镜的骨传导麦克风的语音信号还可以用于语音识别。例如，在嘈杂的环境中，特别是周围有较多的人说话噪声的条件下，采用传统的气导麦克风的语音信号用于语音识别的准确率会下降。这里可以使用骨传导麦克风的语音信号作为语音识别的信号来源，可以一定程度上屏蔽外界噪声，得到更干净的语音信号。用户在佩戴具有骨传导麦克风的眼镜时，骨传导麦克风可以使用的频段可以扩宽至20Hz-5000Hz，该频段包含了语音的大部分频段，这里基于骨传导麦克风的语音信号进行语音识别的准确度也得到相应提升。在其它的实施例中，还可以结合使用骨传导麦克风语音信号和气传导麦克风的语音信号，作为语音识别的信号来源。例如，这里的语音识别在使用单独的骨传导麦克风的语音信号时，也可以 单独训练骨传导麦克风的语音信号相关的语音模型。又例如，语音识别在使用骨传导麦克风和气传导麦克风的语音信号时，可以单独训练骨传导麦克风的语音信号相关的语音模型，或单独训练气传导麦克风的语音信号相关的语音模型，或同时训练骨传导麦克风的语音信号和气传导麦克风的语音信号相关的语音模型。如图12所示，将骨传导麦克风的语音信号(图12中所示的“骨传导信号”)进行模型训练得到对应的语音模型，该语音模型可以用于关键词的训练，语音模型训练完成后，可以基于骨传导信号进行关键词识别，从而获得与骨传导信号对应的识别结果。
上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本申请的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本申请进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本申请中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本申请示范实施例的精神和范围。
同时，本申请使用了特定词语来描述本申请的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”和/或“一些实施例”意指与本申请至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本申请的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。
此外，本领域技术人员可以理解，本申请的各方面可以通过若干具有可专利性的种类或情况进行说明和描述，包括任何新的和有用的工序、机器、产品或物质的组合或对他们的任何新的和有用的改进。相应地，本申请的各个方面可以完全由硬件执行、可以完全由软件(包括固件、常驻软件、微码等)执行、也可以由硬件和软件组合执行。以上硬件或软件均可被称为“数据块”、“模块”、“引擎”、“单元”、“组件”或“系统”。 此外，本申请的各方面可能表现为位于一个或多个计算机可读介质中的计算机产品，该产品包括计算机可读程序编码。
此外，除非权利要求中明确说明，本申请所述处理元素和序列的顺序、数字字母的使用或其他名称的使用，并非用于限定本申请流程和方法的顺序。尽管上述披露中通过各种示例讨论了一些目前认为有用的发明实施例，但应当理解的是，该类细节仅起到说明的目的，附加的权利要求并不仅限于披露的实施例，相反，权利要求旨在覆盖所有符合本申请实施例实质和范围的修正和等价组合。例如，虽然以上所描述的系统组件可以通过硬件设备实现，但是也可以只通过软件的解决方案得以实现，如在现有的服务器或移动设备上安装所描述的系统。
同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本申请披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本申请实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本申请对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。
一些实施例中使用了描述成分、属性数量的数字，应当理解的是，此类用于实施例描述的数字，在一些示例中使用了修饰词“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”等来修饰。除非另外说明，“大约”、“近似”或“大体上”表明所述数字允许有±20％的变化。相应地，在一些实施例中，说明书和权利要求中使用的数值数据均为近似值，该近似值根据个别实施例所需特点可以发生改变。在一些实施例中，数值数据应考虑规定的有效数位并采用一般位数保留的方法。尽管本申请一些实施例中用于确认其范围广度的数值域和数据为近似值，在具体实施例中，此类数值的设定在可行范围内尽可能精确。
最后，应当理解的是，本申请中所述实施例仅用以说明本申请实施 例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本申请的范围。因此，作为示例而非限制，本申请实施例的替代配置可视为与本申请的教导一致。相应地，本申请的实施例不仅限于本申请明确介绍和描述的实施例。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种眼镜，其特征在于，包括：
    眼镜本体，所述眼镜本体包括镜框和镜腿，所述镜框与所述镜腿通过物理方式连接；以及
    至少一个骨传导麦克风，被配置为将振动信号转化为电信号，其中，
    所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述镜框或所述镜腿通过物理方式连接，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风用于接收来自所述镜框、所述镜腿或用户身体的振动信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其特征在于，用户佩戴所述眼镜时，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风不与用户身体接触。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风位于靠近所述镜框与用户身体接触的位置。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风位于靠近所述镜腿与用户身体接触的位置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风靠近所述镜框与所述镜腿的连接处。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风包括振动单元，所述振动单元相对于所述镜框或所述镜腿与所述用户身体接触的接触面平行设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述骨传导麦克风的振动单元为单轴加速度传感器或多轴加速度传感器。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述镜腿包括第一镜腿和第二镜腿，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风包括至少一个第一骨传导麦克风和至少一个第二骨传导麦克风；
    其中，所述至少一个第一骨传导麦克风位于第一镜腿处，所述至少一个第二骨传导麦克风位于所述第二镜腿处。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个第一骨传导麦克风和所述至少一个第二骨传导麦克风均为无线骨传导麦克风。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述镜腿包括与用户直接接触的接触面，所述接触面与人体之间的压力大于0.1N。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述接触面与人体之间的 压力大于0.2N。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述接触面与人体之间的压力大于0.6N。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述镜腿或所述镜框弹性连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的眼镜，其特征在于，用户佩戴时，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述用户身体接触，使得所述至少一个骨传导麦克风接收所述用户身体的振动信号。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风的振动单元相对于所述镜框或所述镜腿与所述用户身体的接触面平行设置。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述镜腿或所述镜框处开设有用于安装所述至少一个骨传导麦克风的安装腔。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克 风与所述安装腔所在的腔体侧壁之间通过弹性元件连接。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的眼镜，其特征在于，所述至少一个骨传导麦克风与所述安装腔之间设有弹性层。
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