WO2022148221A1 - 电池的soc修正方法及装置、电池管理系统 - Google Patents

电池的soc修正方法及装置、电池管理系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022148221A1
WO2022148221A1 PCT/CN2021/138559 CN2021138559W WO2022148221A1 WO 2022148221 A1 WO2022148221 A1 WO 2022148221A1 CN 2021138559 W CN2021138559 W CN 2021138559W WO 2022148221 A1 WO2022148221 A1 WO 2022148221A1
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Prior art keywords
soc
time
differential
voltages
voltage
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PCT/CN2021/138559
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄珊
李世超
杜明树
徐广玉
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Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
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Jiangsu Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd
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Priority to EP21895925.2A priority Critical patent/EP4063885A4/en
Publication of WO2022148221A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022148221A1/zh
Priority to US17/979,760 priority patent/US12169223B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to a method and device for correcting the SOC of a battery, and a battery management system.
  • SOC State Of Charge, state of charge
  • the OCV-SOC curve of a lithium iron phosphate battery has 2 plateau regions, and its SOC The estimation accuracy is not high.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a battery SOC correction method and device, and a battery management system, so as to improve the SOC estimation accuracy.
  • the present application provides a battery SOC correction method, including: acquiring a voltage-SOC variation curve of the battery during charging; generating a voltage differential curve of the battery according to the voltage-SOC variation curve; the voltage differential curve is a differential value and SOC The differential value is the ratio of the voltage change during the charging process to the SOC change corresponding to the voltage change; determine the peak point on the voltage differential curve; the peak point is located on any adjacent two platforms of the voltage-SOC change curve between, and not located on any adjacent two platforms; SOC correction is performed according to the peak point.
  • the peak point is calibrated by the ratio of the voltage change amount to the SOC change amount corresponding to the voltage change amount during the charging process and the SOC change curve.
  • the peak point is the peak point on the voltage differential curve, and its corresponding voltage change is larger than other points in the interval (the interval between two adjacent platforms); and, for the plateau region It is said that the voltage change corresponding to each 1% SOC change is less than 1mV, which will cause the SOC estimation error to reach 5% or more, and the peak point is not located on two adjacent platforms, so the SOC estimation error corresponding to the peak point will not Too large; when the voltage change corresponding to the peak point is large, and the corresponding SOC estimation error is small, the SOC correction based on the peak point is also more accurate.
  • generating a voltage differential curve of the battery according to the voltage-SOC change curve including: on the voltage-SOC change curve, taking N single-increase voltages each time, and recording the time corresponding to the N single-increase voltages, And calculate the SOC variation corresponding to the N single-increase voltages; the N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 5; calculate each N-1 differential values; generate a voltage differential curve based on N-1 differential values calculated each time.
  • a voltage differential curve is generated by taking the single-increment voltage, calculating the SOC variation corresponding to the single-increment voltage, and then calculating the differential value, so that the voltage differential curve can reflect the voltage variation and the SOC variation.
  • the ratio varies with SOC.
  • the 1st to N-1th single-increment voltages in the N single-increment voltages of the next time are respectively the N single-increment voltages of the previous time.
  • the 2nd to Nth single increase voltages in the boosting voltages, and the Nth single increasing voltage among the N single increasing voltages of the next time are the newly obtained single increasing voltages.
  • the latter N single-increment voltages discard the first single-increment voltage among the previous N single-increment voltages, and then take a new single-increment voltage. Voltage, that is, only one new single-increment voltage will be accessed each time.
  • the single-increment voltage since each of the single-increment voltages taken each time has N-1 single-increment voltages, they are the same as the previous one. The completed single increment voltage has been accessed, thereby reducing the access space of the single increment voltage.
  • the method before calculating the N-1 differential values each time according to the N single-increment voltages and the SOC changes corresponding to the N single-increment voltages taken each time, the method further includes: for each time Perform polynomial fitting on the N single-increase voltages and the SOC changes corresponding to the N single-increase voltages; correspondingly, calculate each time according to the N single-increase voltages and the SOC changes corresponding to the N single-increase voltages each time.
  • N-1 differential values of including: calculating each N-1 differential value according to the result of polynomial fitting.
  • the filtering of the voltage can be realized, and the accuracy of the voltage differential curve finally obtained can be improved.
  • generating a voltage differential curve according to the N-1 differential values calculated each time includes: determining the effective value of each differential according to the N-1 differential values calculated each time; The rms value generates a voltage differential curve.
  • a differential effective value when generating a voltage differential curve, a differential effective value can be determined from N-1 differential values each time, which reduces the amount of data processing and makes the final generated voltage differential curve simpler.
  • determining the peak point on the voltage differential curve includes: determining the first moment when the voltage differential curve enters the first platform of the two platforms; determining the voltage differential curve entering the second platform of the two platforms The second moment of the platform; the second moment is after the first moment; the point corresponding to the maximum differential value among the differential values corresponding to each moment between the first moment and the second moment is determined as the peak point.
  • the range (interval) where the peak point is located can be preliminarily defined ; After limiting the range of the position of the peak point, combined with the characteristic that the differential value of the peak point is the maximum differential value, the rapid positioning of the peak point is realized.
  • determining the first moment when the voltage differential curve enters the first platform of the two platforms includes: determining the differential effective value among the N-1 differential values calculated each time; Whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the second differential effective value is greater than the preset third threshold; if the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset third threshold, it is determined that the adjacent two The moment corresponding to the latter differential RMS in the differential RMS is the first moment.
  • determining the second moment when the voltage differential curve enters the second platform of the two platforms includes: judging that among the N single-increase voltages taken each time after the first moment, the adjacent single-increase Whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the voltages is greater than the preset fourth threshold; if the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent single increment voltages among the N single increment voltages taken each time is greater than the preset fourth threshold , and the time corresponding to the next one of the adjacent one-step voltages is determined to be the second time.
  • determining the second moment when the voltage differential curve enters the second platform of the two platforms includes: determining the differential value among N-1 differential values calculated each time after the first moment Effective value; determine whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset fifth threshold; if the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset fifth threshold Threshold, it is determined that the time corresponding to the last differential effective value in two adjacent differential effective values is the second time.
  • the corresponding SOC range can be roughly determined, and the corresponding SOC increment range can be determined based on the SOC range. Therefore, the SOC increment corresponding to the adjacent single increment voltage can be determined.
  • the setting of the threshold value of the difference value, or the setting of the threshold value of the difference value of the SOC increment corresponding to the adjacent differential effective value, can realize the judgment of the platform area.
  • performing SOC correction according to the peak point includes: calibrating the SOC corresponding to the peak point, and determining the calibrated SOC corresponding to the peak point; The SOC correction is performed on the SOC increment corresponding to the time to be corrected.
  • the present application provides a battery SOC correction device, the correction device comprising a functional module for implementing the first aspect and the battery SOC correction method described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a battery management system, comprising: a processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor to cause processing
  • the controller can execute the battery SOC correction method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a vehicle, comprising: a battery pack and the battery management system described in the third aspect.
  • the present application provides a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed when the computer program is run as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect The SOC correction method of the battery.
  • the voltage differential curve can reflect the change of the ratio between the voltage change amount and the SOC change amount with the SOC, which improves the accuracy of the final voltage differential curve, and the finally generated voltage differential curve is also simpler.
  • the access space of the single increment voltage can also be reduced.
  • fast positioning of the peak point can also be achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage-SOC variation curve disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for SOC correction of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage differential curve disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a battery SOC correction device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery management system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery SOC correction method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an electric vehicle, and through this method, the SOC of the battery pack of the electric vehicle can be corrected.
  • this method can also be applied to other electric equipment (ie, equipment with a battery or a battery pack as a power source), and through this method, the SOC of the battery pack of other electric equipment can be corrected.
  • a BMS Battery Management System, battery management system
  • the BMS and the battery pack constitute a battery system. etc.
  • the hardware environment applied by the embodiments of the present application may be the BMS corresponding to the battery pack.
  • the BMS in addition to being connected with the battery pack to realize the management of the battery pack, it is also connected with other modules of the electric vehicle or electric equipment (including practicable connection relationships such as electrical connection and physical connection), and the BMS is connected with these modules. Data can be transmitted between them, for example: the BMS of the electric vehicle sends the relevant parameter information of the battery pack to the central control system, and the central control system then feeds back the relevant parameter information (such as direct display); another example: the BMS receives the transmission from the central control system According to the relevant instructions, the BMS will manage the battery pack accordingly.
  • the BMS of the electric vehicle sends the relevant parameter information of the battery pack to the central control system, and the central control system then feeds back the relevant parameter information (such as direct display); another example: the BMS receives the transmission from the central control system According to the relevant instructions, the BMS will manage the battery pack accordingly.
  • the SOC correction of the battery pack is involved. Therefore, the parameters of the battery pack involved are various parameters related to the SOC of the battery pack, such as voltage, current, and the like.
  • the targeted battery system is a battery system with multiple platforms (more than or equal to 2) in the OCV-SOC curve, such as a lithium iron phosphate battery system, where the OCV-SOC curve has 2 plateau regions .
  • the OCV-SOC curve is the change curve between the open circuit voltage of the battery pack and the state of charge.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the OCV-SOC curve of a lithium iron phosphate battery.
  • plateau area 1 there are two plateau areas: plateau area 1 and plateau area 2.
  • plateau area 1 In the part of the curve corresponding to the platform area 2, the voltage is basically in a constant state, that is, the voltage change in the platform area is very small.
  • the SOC is estimated in real time using the voltage value.
  • the voltage change corresponding to each 1% SOC change in the plateau region is less than 1mV, which will cause the SOC estimation error to reach 5% or more. Therefore, the SOC estimation accuracy is not high. Based on this, using the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the estimation accuracy of the SOC.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a battery SOC correction method provided by an embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
  • Step 201 acquiring a voltage-SOC variation curve of the battery during the charging process.
  • Step 202 generating a voltage differential curve according to the voltage-SOC variation curve.
  • the voltage differential curve is a change curve between the differential value and the SOC, and the differential value is the ratio of the voltage variation during the charging process to the SOC variation corresponding to the voltage variation.
  • Step 203 Determine the peak point on the voltage differential curve.
  • the peak point is located between any two adjacent plateaus of the voltage-SOC change curve, and is not located on any two adjacent plateaus.
  • Step 204 performing SOC correction according to the peak point.
  • the peak point is calibrated by the ratio of the voltage change amount to the SOC change amount corresponding to the voltage change amount during the charging process and the SOC change curve.
  • the peak point is the peak point on the voltage differential curve, and its corresponding voltage change is larger than other points in the interval (the interval between two adjacent platforms); and, for the plateau region It is said that the voltage change corresponding to each 1% SOC change is less than 1mV, which will cause the SOC estimation error to reach 5% or more, and the peak point is not located on two adjacent platforms, so the SOC estimation error corresponding to the peak point will not Too large; when the voltage change corresponding to the peak point is large, and the corresponding SOC estimation error is small, the SOC correction based on the peak point is also more accurate.
  • step 201 the current change of the battery can be detected in real time.
  • the correction strategy of steps 201 to 204 is executed.
  • the correction strategy in steps 201 to 204 is not executed. Specifically, when it is detected that the current change of the battery is less than the first threshold, step 201 is performed.
  • the first threshold value can be understood as a small current change value. When the battery is in a small current change state, the voltage will not suddenly rise or drop significantly, so the rise or fall will not exceed the voltage sampling accuracy. scope. As an optional implementation manner, the first threshold value is 5A. In practical application, the current threshold may be set in combination with the specific conditions of the battery, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • step 201 a voltage-SOC variation curve of the battery during charging is obtained.
  • the state changes of the battery including voltage and current, etc.
  • step 201 can be understood as generating a voltage-SOC change curve of the battery according to the state information during the charging process.
  • a voltage differential curve of the battery is generated based on the voltage-SOC variation curve.
  • the voltage differential curve is a change curve between the differential value and the SOC, and the differential value can be understood as the ratio of the voltage change amount and the SOC change amount corresponding to the voltage change amount during the charging process.
  • the voltage differential curve in the process of generating the curve, it is necessary to record the voltage change during the charging process, the SOC change corresponding to each voltage change, and the SOC corresponding to the two changes. Under different voltage selection methods, the corresponding SOC changes are also different, and the generated voltage differential curves are also different.
  • step 202 includes: on the voltage-SOC variation curve, taking N single-increment voltages each time, recording the times corresponding to the N single-increment voltages, and calculating the SOC corresponding to the N single-increment voltages Variation; N-1 differential values are calculated each time according to the N single-increase voltages and the corresponding SOC changes of the N single-increase voltages; the voltage differential curve is generated according to the N-1 differential values calculated each time .
  • the single-increment voltage refers to the voltage that is increased relative to the voltage taken in the previous time. For example, if the voltage taken in the previous time is 1V, the voltage taken in the next time should be greater than 1V to meet the requirement that the voltage is a single-increase voltage. .
  • the SOC change amount corresponding to the single increment voltage refers to the change amount of the SOC corresponding to the current single increment voltage and the SOC corresponding to the previous single increment voltage.
  • the differential value when calculating the differential value, first calculate the amount of change between the current one-step voltage and the previous one-step voltage, and then calculate the SOC corresponding to the current one-step voltage and the SOC corresponding to the previous one-step voltage. Then, the ratio of the voltage change and the SOC change is calculated, and the obtained ratio is the differential value. It can be understood that a total of N single-increment voltages are taken each time, but the variation is related to two single-increment voltages, so the number of differential values finally calculated is N-1.
  • the voltage differential curve is generated by taking the single-increase voltage and the SOC variation corresponding to the single-increase voltage, and then calculating the differential value, so that the voltage differential curve can reflect the difference between the voltage variation and the SOC variation.
  • the ratio of SOC varies with SOC.
  • the single-increase voltage can also be selected in a sliding manner.
  • sliding selection among the N single-increment voltages taken each time, only a part is the newly-acquired single-increment voltage value, and the other part of the single-increment voltage adopts the part of the single-increment voltage taken in the previous time.
  • the N single increment voltages taken for the first time are V1-V5, then the N single increment voltages taken for the second time are V2-V6; or the N single increment voltages taken for the first time are V1-V5 , then the N single-increase voltages taken for the second time are V3-V7. That is, the number of single-increment voltages newly acquired each time (the range of sliding selection) can be set according to the actual application scenario.
  • generating a voltage differential curve according to the N-1 differential values calculated each time includes: determining each differential effective value according to the N-1 differential values calculated each time; The differential RMS value of , generates a voltage differential curve.
  • the effective value of each differential can be the maximum value among N-1 differential values. In this way, the resulting voltage differential curve is simpler while reducing the amount of data processing.
  • the voltage may also be filtered.
  • the method before calculating each N-1 differential value according to the N single increase voltages and the SOC changes corresponding to the N single increase voltages taken each time, the method also further: Including: performing polynomial fitting on the N single-increment voltages and the SOC variation corresponding to the N single-increment voltages taken each time.
  • each N-1 differential value is calculated according to the N single-increase voltages and the SOC changes corresponding to the N single-increase voltages taken each time, including: calculating each N-1 value according to the result of polynomial fitting a differential value.
  • the voltage filtering is implemented by means of polynomial fitting, which can improve the accuracy of the voltage differential curve finally obtained.
  • the calculation algorithm of polynomial fitting belongs to common knowledge known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG. 3 is an example diagram of a voltage differential curve provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the abscissa is the SOC
  • the ordinate is the ratio of the voltage change to the SOC change.
  • Figure 3 shows the final complete voltage differential curve generated, but in the battery management system, the process of generating the voltage differential curve is usually real-time, for example: when the SOC reaches 50%, at this time The voltage differential curve corresponds to the curve from 0-50% SOC.
  • step 203 the peak point on the voltage differential curve is determined.
  • step 203 includes: determining a first moment when the voltage differential curve enters the first platform of the two platforms; determining a second moment when the voltage differential curve enters the second platform of the two platforms ; the second moment is after the first moment; the point corresponding to the maximum differential value among the differential values corresponding to each moment between the first moment and the second moment is determined as the peak point.
  • FIG. 3 provides a schematic diagram of a voltage differential curve of an embodiment of the present application.
  • a platform area 1 and a platform area 2 are also marked, and the platform area 1 and the platform area 2 are the same as the platform area 1 in FIG. 1 . Consistent with platform area 2.
  • the peak point is the peak point to be determined in step 203 . From the position of the peak point, it can be seen that the peak point is located in the middle of the platform area 1 and the platform area 2, and is the point with the largest differential value in the large section from the platform area 1 to the platform area 2.
  • the peak point when determining the peak point, first determine the first moment when the voltage differential curve enters the plateau area 1, and then determine the second moment (after the first moment) entering the plateau area 2, and then determine the first moment and the second moment.
  • the maximum peak value in each differential value corresponding to each moment in between, the point corresponding to the maximum peak value is the peak point.
  • the range of the position of the peak point can be preliminarily defined ( interval); after defining the range of the peak point position, combined with the characteristic that the differential value of the peak point is the maximum differential value, the rapid positioning of the peak point is realized.
  • the judgment of the platform area 1 and the platform area 2 is the key.
  • the judgment may adopt two implementations. One is based on the SOC increment corresponding to the N single-increase voltages taken each time; the other is based on the SOC increment corresponding to the effective differential value among the N-1 differential values calculated twice adjacently. .
  • the two judgment methods can be used at the same time. As long as one of the judgment methods determines that the platform has entered the platform, it can be determined to enter the platform; these two judgment methods can also be used selectively, that is, for a specific platform area, a specific Platform area judgment method.
  • the judgment methods used in platform area 1 and platform area 2 may be the same or different, for example: platform area 1 adopts the first judgment method, and platform area 2 adopts the second judgment method; or platform area 1 and platform area use the second judgment method; 2 Both the first and second judgment methods are used at the same time. Next, the two judgment methods are introduced based on the platform area 1 and the platform area 2 respectively.
  • the first judgment method of platform area 1 judge whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent single-increment voltages among the N single-increment voltages taken each time is greater than the preset second threshold; Among the single increment voltages, the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent increment voltages is greater than the preset second threshold, and the time corresponding to the next increment voltage of the adjacent increment voltages is determined as the first moment.
  • the second threshold may be determined according to the SOC range of the battery platform area 1.
  • the second threshold may be 5% SOC, and the second threshold may be different for different batteries.
  • the N single-increment voltages currently taken are V1-V5
  • the SOC increment corresponding to V2 is the difference between the SOC corresponding to V2 and the SOC corresponding to V1 (the same is true for the SOC increments corresponding to other voltages).
  • the difference between the SOC increment corresponding to V3 and the SOC increment corresponding to V2 is greater than the second threshold, and the time corresponding to V3 is determined to be the first time, that is, when V3 is obtained, it has entered the platform area 1.
  • the second judgment method of platform area 1 determine the differential effective value of the N-1 differential values calculated each time; determine whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset third value. Threshold; if the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset third threshold, the time corresponding to the latter differential effective value in the two adjacent two differential effective values is determined as the first time.
  • the third threshold may be determined according to the SOC range of the battery platform area 1.
  • the third threshold may be 2% SOC, and the third threshold may be different for different batteries.
  • the differential effective value is the largest differential value among the N-1 differential values
  • the time corresponding to the differential effective value is the time corresponding to the largest differential value. For example, assuming that in V1-V5, the differential effective value is the differential value corresponding to V5, then the time corresponding to the differential effective value is the time when the single-increase voltage of V5 is taken.
  • the differential effective value of the N-1 differential values calculated at the current time is A
  • the differential effective value of the N-1 differential values calculated in the previous calculation is B. If the difference between the SOC increment corresponding to the differential effective value A and the SOC increment corresponding to the differential effective value B is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that the differential is effective.
  • the time corresponding to the value A is the first time, that is, when the differential effective value A is calculated, it has entered the platform area 1.
  • the single-increase voltage corresponding to the differential effective value A is V6
  • the time corresponding to V6 is the first time.
  • the logo of the platform area 1 can be set. Before the judgment, the logo is set to 0 (initial value); if it is determined to enter the platform area 1, the logo of the platform area 1 is set. Set 1; or if it is determined to enter the platform area 1 through the first judgment method, set the identification of the platform area 1 to 1, and if it is determined to enter the platform area 1 through the second judgment method, set the identification of the platform area 1 to 2.
  • the first judgment method of the platform area 2 is to judge whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent single-increment voltages among the N single-increment voltages taken each time after the first moment is greater than the preset fourth threshold; if Among the N single-increase voltages taken each time, the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent single-increase voltages is greater than the preset fourth threshold, and it is determined that the time corresponding to the next single-increase voltage in the adjacent single-increase voltages is the first one. Two moments.
  • the fourth threshold may be determined according to the SOC range of the battery platform area 2, for example, the fourth threshold may be 2.5% SOC, and the fourth threshold may be different for different batteries.
  • the SOC increment corresponding to V4 is the difference between the SOC corresponding to V4 and the SOC corresponding to V3 (the same is true for the SOC increments corresponding to other voltages).
  • the difference between the SOC increment corresponding to V4 and the SOC increment corresponding to V3 is greater than the fourth threshold, and the time corresponding to V4 is determined to be the second time, that is, when V4 is obtained, the platform area 2 has been entered.
  • the second judgment method of platform area 2 determine the differential effective value among the N-1 differential values calculated each time after the first moment; determine whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than The preset fifth threshold; if the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset fifth threshold, determine the time corresponding to the latter differential effective value in the adjacent two differential effective values as the first differential effective value. Two moments.
  • the fifth threshold may be determined according to the SOC range of the battery platform area 2.
  • the fifth threshold may be 1.5% SOC. Different batteries have different fifth thresholds.
  • the differential effective value of the N-1 differential values calculated at the current time is C
  • the differential effective value of the N-1 differential values calculated in the previous calculation is D. If the difference between the SOC increment corresponding to the differential effective value C and the SOC increment corresponding to the differential effective value D is greater than the fifth threshold, it is determined that the differential is effective.
  • the time corresponding to the value C is the second time, that is, when the differential effective value C is calculated, it has entered the platform area 2.
  • the single-increase voltage corresponding to the differential effective value C is V7
  • the time corresponding to V7 is the second time.
  • the logo of the platform area 2 can be set, and before the judgment, the logo is set to 0 (initial value); if it is determined to enter the platform area 2, the logo of the platform area 2 is set. Set 1; or if it is determined to enter the platform area 2 through the first judgment method, set the identification of the platform area 2 to 1, and if it is determined to enter the platform area 2 through the second judgment method, set the identification of the platform area 2 to 2.
  • the corresponding SOC range can be roughly determined, and the corresponding SOC increment range can be determined based on the SOC range. Therefore, the SOC corresponding to the adjacent single increment voltage can be determined.
  • the setting of the threshold of the difference of the increments, or the setting of the threshold of the difference of the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent differential effective values, can realize the judgment of the plateau area.
  • the process of judging the platform area is real-time.
  • the maximum differential value can be updated.
  • the logo of the platform area 1 is reset from 1 or 2 to 0.
  • the identifier of the platform area 1 is always kept at 1 or 2
  • the current maximum differential value is updated in real time, so that the misjudgment of the platform area 1 can be avoided.
  • the point corresponding to the maximum differential value at this time can be determined as the peak point. For example, if the current platform area 1's identifier is 1 or 2, and the platform area 2's identifier changes from 0 to 1 or 2, the point corresponding to the current maximum differential value is the peak point.
  • the point corresponding to the current maximum differential value is not necessarily the differential value at the current moment, that is, the current maximum differential value ⁇ current Differential value of time.
  • the logo of platform area 1 is 1 or 2
  • the logo of platform area 2 changes from 0 to 1 or 2
  • the current maximum differential value is the differential value at the time corresponding to V5
  • the peak value The point is the point where the differential value of the time corresponding to V5 is located.
  • the second moment is a limited condition after the first moment, but in the process of real-time judgment, in order to ensure that the time meets the requirements of the limited condition, when it is determined that the current moment meets the conditions for entering the second platform, It should also be judged whether the current time is after the first time, if so, it is determined to enter the second platform; if not, it is determined that the second platform is not entered.
  • step 204 SOC correction is performed according to the peak point.
  • step 204 includes: calibrating the SOC corresponding to the peak point, and determining the calibration SOC corresponding to the peak point; The SOC correction is performed at the SOC increment corresponding to the time.
  • the peak point corresponds to the SOC, but in order to ensure the accuracy of the SOC used for correction, a more accurate SOC value can be determined by offline calibration, and then the correction is made based on the more accurate SOC value.
  • the calibrated SOC value can be: 57% SOC.
  • the moment to be corrected can be understood as the moment after the moment of entering the second platform (that is, the second moment).
  • the SOC correction during the charging process is described, but in practical applications, the SOC correction can be applied not only in the process of real-time correction, but also after the existing voltage-SOC curve.
  • a non-real-time data correction process is performed, for example, after the battery pack stops charging, the SOC value of the battery pack is corrected.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an SOC correction device 400 of a battery, including an acquisition module 401 and a processing module 402 .
  • the acquiring module 401 is used to acquire the voltage-SOC variation curve of the battery during the charging process.
  • the processing module 402 is used for: generating a voltage differential curve of the battery according to the voltage-SOC variation curve; the voltage differential curve is a variation curve between the differential value and the SOC; the differential value is the voltage variation during the charging process and the SOC variation corresponding to the voltage variation. Ratio; determine the peak point on the voltage differential curve; the peak point is located between any two adjacent plateaus of the voltage-SOC change curve, and is not located on any two adjacent plateaus; SOC correction is performed according to the peak point.
  • the processing module 402 is specifically configured to: on the voltage-SOC change curve, take N single-increment voltages each time, record the time corresponding to the N single-increment voltages, and calculate the corresponding times of the N single-increment voltages.
  • SOC variation the N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 5
  • N-1 differential values are calculated each time according to the N single increment voltages and the SOC variation corresponding to the N single increment voltages taken each time;
  • the N-1 differential values of the second calculation generate the voltage differential curve.
  • the processing module 402 is further configured to perform polynomial fitting on the N single-increment voltages and the SOC variation corresponding to the N single-increment voltages taken each time; Calculate N-1 differential values each time.
  • the processing module 402 is further configured to determine each differential effective value according to the N-1 differential values calculated each time; and generate a voltage differential curve according to each differential effective value.
  • the processing module 402 is further configured to: determine the first moment when the voltage differential curve enters the first platform of the two platforms; determine the first moment when the voltage differential curve enters the second platform of the two platforms Two moments; the second moment is after the first moment; the point corresponding to the maximum differential value among the differential values corresponding to each moment between the first moment and the second moment is determined as the peak point.
  • the processing module 402 is further configured to: determine whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent single-increment voltages among the N single-increment voltages taken each time is greater than a preset second threshold; if Among the N single-increase voltages taken each time, the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent single-increase voltages is greater than the preset second threshold value, and the time corresponding to the next single-increase voltage in the adjacent single-increase voltages is determined as the first one. a moment.
  • the processing module 402 is further configured to: determine the differential effective value in the N-1 differential values calculated each time; determine whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than The preset third threshold value; if the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset third threshold value, determine the time corresponding to the latter differential effective value in the adjacent two differential effective values as the first differential effective value. a moment.
  • the processing module 402 is specifically further configured to: determine whether the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent single-increment voltages among the N single-increment voltages taken each time after the first time point is greater than a preset value The fourth threshold value; if the difference of the SOC increments corresponding to the adjacent one-step voltages is greater than the preset fourth threshold among the N single-step voltages taken each time, determine the next one-step voltage among the adjacent one-step voltages The corresponding moment is the second moment.
  • the processing module 402 is specifically further configured to: determine the differential effective value in the N-1 differential values calculated each time after the first moment; determine the SOC increment corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values Whether the difference between the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset fifth threshold; if the difference between the SOC increments corresponding to the two adjacent differential effective values is greater than the preset fifth threshold, determine the latter two adjacent differential effective values.
  • the corresponding moment is the second moment.
  • the processing module 402 is further configured to: calibrate the SOC corresponding to the peak point, and determine the calibration SOC corresponding to the peak point; The SOC correction is performed at the SOC increment corresponding to the time of correction.
  • the battery SOC correction device 400 corresponds to the battery SOC correction method. Therefore, the implementation of each module of the battery SOC correction device 400 refers to the implementation of each step of the battery SOC correction method, and the description is not repeated here.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery management system 500 , including: a processor 501 ; and a memory 502 communicatively connected to the processor 501 ; The instructions executed by the processor are executed by the processor 501, so that the processor 501 can execute the method for correcting the SOC of the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 501 and the memory 502 are directly or indirectly electrically connected to realize data transmission or interaction.
  • the components may be electrically connected by one or more communication buses or signal buses.
  • the battery SOC correction methods respectively include at least one software function module that can be stored in the memory 502 in the form of software or firmware.
  • the processor 501 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability.
  • the processor 501 may be a general-purpose processor, including a CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit), NP (Network Processor, network processor), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, an off-the-shelf programmable gate array or Other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory 502 may store various software programs and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the battery SOC correction method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 501 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 502, ie, implements the methods in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory 502 may include but is not limited to RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), ROM (Read Only Memory, read only memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory, programmable read only memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read) -Only Memory, Erasable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, Electrically Erasable Read-Only Memory), etc.
  • RAM Random Access Memory, random access memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory, read only memory
  • PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory, programmable read only memory
  • EPROM Erasable Programmable Read
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Read-Only Memory
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which is an electric vehicle, including a battery pack and the battery management system 500 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, including a battery pack and the battery management system 500 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the readable storage medium, and the computer program executes the SOC correction method of the battery provided by the embodiments of the present application when the computer program is run by the computer.

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Abstract

一种电池的SOC修正方法及装置（400）、电池管理系统（500）；涉及电池技术领域。其中，电池的SOC修正方法，包括：获取充电过程中电池的电压-SOC变化曲线（201）；根据电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线（202）；电压微分曲线为微分值与SOC的变化曲线；微分值为充电过程中电压变化量和电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值；确定电压微分曲线上的峰值点（203）；峰值点位于电压-SOC变化曲线的任意的相邻两个平台之间，且不位于任意的相邻两个平台上；根据峰值点进行SOC修正（204）。该方法用以提高SOC的估算精度。

Description

电池的SOC修正方法及装置、电池管理系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年01月05日提交的名称为“电池的SOC修正方法及装置、电池管理系统”的中国专利申请2021100051959的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池的SOC修正方法及装置、电池管理系统。
背景技术
SOC(State Of Charge，荷电状态)，用来反映电池的剩余容量，其值为剩余容量占电池容量的比值，常用百分数表示，其取值范围为0～1。
目前，针对OCV(Open Circuit Voltage，开路电压)-SOC曲线存在多个平台(大于或者等于2个)的电池系统，例如：磷酸铁锂电池的OCV-SOC曲线存在2个平台区，其SOC的估算精度不高。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种电池的SOC修正方法及装置、电池管理系统，用以提高SOC的估算精度。
第一方面，本申请提供一种电池的SOC修正方法，包括：获取充电过程中电池的电压-SOC变化曲线；根据电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线；电压微分曲线为微分值与SOC的变化曲线；微分值为充电过程中电压变化量和电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值；确定电压微分曲线上的峰值点；峰值点位于电压-SOC变化曲线的任意的相邻两个平台之间，且不位于任意的相邻两个平台上；根据峰值点进行SOC修正。
在本申请中，与现有技术相比，在进行SOC估算时，通过充电过程中电压变化量和电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值与SOC的变化曲线，标定峰值点。首先，该峰值点是电压微分曲线上的峰值点，其对应的电压变化量相对于该区间(相邻两个平台之间的区间)内的其他点来说更大；并且，对于平台区来说，每1％SOC的变化对应的电压变化小于1mV，会造成SOC估算误差达到5％及以上，而该峰值点不位于相邻两个平台上，因而该峰值点对应的SOC估算误差不会太大；在峰值点对应的电压变 化量较大，且对应的SOC估算误差较小的情况下，基于该峰值点进行的SOC修正也更准确，比如：基于该峰值点对应的SOC值进行其他SOC值的修正，由于该峰值点对应的SOC值较准确，修正后的其他SOC值也较准确，实现提高SOC的估算精度。
作为一种可能的实现方式，根据电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线，包括：在电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成电压微分曲线。
在本申请中，通过取单增电压，以及计算单增电压对应的SOC变化量，然后计算微分值，以生成电压微分曲线，使该电压微分曲线能够反映电压变化量与SOC变化量之间的比值随着SOC的变化情况。
作为一种可能的实现方式，针对相邻两次取的N个单增电压，后一次的N个单增电压中的第1～第N-1个单增电压分别为前一次的N个单增电压中的第2～第N个单增电压，后一次的N个单增电压中的第N个单增电压为新取的单增电压。
在本申请中，相邻两次取的N个单增电压中，后一次的N个单增电压舍弃前一次的N个单增电压中的第一个单增电压，然后新取一个单增电压，即每次只会对一个新的单增电压进行存取，通过这种滑动选取单增电压的方式，由于每次取的单增电压中有N-1个单增电压都是前一次已经存取完成的单增电压，进而可以减少单增电压的存取空间。
作为一种可能的实现方式，在根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值之前，该方法还包括：对每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量进行多项式拟合；对应的，根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值，包括：根据多项式拟合的结果计算每次的N-1个微分值。
在本申请中，通过对单增电压和其对应的SOC变化量进行多项式拟合，可以实现电压的滤波，提高最终得到的电压微分曲线的精度。
作为一种可能的实现方式，根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成电压微分曲线，包括：根据每次计算的N-1个微分值确定每次的微分有效值；根据每次的微分有效值生成电压微分曲线。
在本申请中，在生成电压微分曲线时，可以从每次的N-1个微分值中确定出一个微分有效值，在减少数据处理量的同时，使最终生成的电压微分曲线更简单。
作为一种可能的实现方式，确定电压微分曲线上的峰值点，包括：确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻；确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻；第二时刻在第一时刻之后；确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的各个时刻对应的各个微分值中的最大微分值对应的点为峰值点。
在本申请中，通过限定第一个平台的起始位置(即第一时刻)和第二个平台的起始位置(即第二时刻)，能够初步限定峰值点的位置所在的范围(区间)；在限定峰值点的位置所在的范围后，再结合峰值点的微分值是最大微分值的特点，实现峰值点的快速定位。
作为一种可能的实现方式，根据电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线，包括：在电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成电压微分曲线；对应的，确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻，包括：判断每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第二阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第二阈值，确定相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为第一时刻。
作为一种可能的实现方式，确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻，包括：确定每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第三阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第三阈值，确定相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为第一时刻。
作为一种可能的实现方式，确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻，包括：判断在第一时刻之后每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第四阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第四阈值，确定相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为第二时刻。
作为一种可能的实现方式，确定所述电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻，包括：确定在第一时刻之后每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第五阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第五阈值，确定相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为第二时刻。
在本申请中，对于平台区来说，其对应的SOC范围是可以大概确定的，基于该SOC范围可以确定其对应的SOC增量的范围，因此，通过相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值的阈值的设定，或者通过相邻微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值的阈值的设定，均可以实现平台区的判断。
作为一种可能的实现方式，根据峰值点进行SOC修正，包括：对峰值点对应的SOC进行标定，确定峰值点对应的标定SOC；根据峰值点对应的SOC增量、峰值点对应的标定SOC和待进行修正的时刻对应的SOC增量进行SOC修正。
在本申请中，通过对峰值点进行标定，确定较准确的标定SOC值，进而使根据该较准确的标定SOC值所修正的SOC值更准确。
第二方面，本申请提供一种电池的SOC修正装置，该修正装置包括用于实现第一方面以及第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中所述的电池的SOC修正方法的功能模块。
第三方面，本申请提供一种电池管理系统，包括：处理器；以及，与处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，存储器存储有可被处理器执行的指令，指令被处理器执行，以使处理器能够执行第一方面以及第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中所述的电池的SOC修正方法。
第四方面，本申请提供一种车辆，包括：电池组与第三方面所述的电池管理系统。
第五方面，本申请提供一种可读存储介质，可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被计算机运行时执行如第一方面以及第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中所述的电池的SOC修正方法。
通过本申请所提供的技术方案，能够实现提高SOC的估算精度。并且，电压微分曲线能够反映电压变化量与SOC变化量之间的比值随着SOC的变化情况，提高最终得到的电压微分曲线的精度，最终生成的电压微分曲线也更简单。并且，还可以减少单增电压的存取空间。并且，还能够实现峰值点的快速定位。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例公开的一种电压-SOC变化曲线示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的SOC修正方法的流程图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的一种电压微分曲线示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的SOC修正装置的结构框图；
图5是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池管理系统结构示意图；
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：400-电池的SOC修正装置；401-获取模块；402-处理模块；500-电池管理系统；501-处理器；502-存储器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请实施例所提供的电池的SOC修正方法可以应用于电动汽车，通过该方法，可以实现对电动汽车的电池组的SOC进行修正。
当然，该方法也可以应用于其他电动设备(即，电池或电池组作为电源的设备)，通过该方法，可以实现对其他电动设备的电池组的SOC进行修正。
不管是电动汽车，还是其他电动设备，通常都设置有BMS(Battery Management System，电池管理系统)，BMS和电池组构成电池系统，该BMS用于对电池组的各项参数(电压、电流、温度等)进行管理。本申请实施例所应用的硬件环境可以为电池组对应的BMS。
对于BMS，除了与电池组连接，以实现对电池组的管理之外，还与电动汽车或者电动设备的其他模块连接(包括电性连接、物理连接等可实施的连接关系)，BMS与这些模块之间可以传输数据，比如：电动汽车的BMS将电池组的相关参数信息发送给中控系统，中控系统再将相关参数信息进行反馈(例如直接显示)；再比 如：BMS接收中控系统发送的相关指令，BMS再依据指令对电池组进行相应的管理。
在本申请实施例中，涉及的是电池组的SOC修正，因此，所涉及的电池组的参数为与电池组的SOC相关的各个参数，比如：电压、电流等。
在本申请实施例中，所针对的电池系统为：OCV-SOC曲线存在多个平台(大于等于2个)的电池系统，比如：磷酸铁锂电池系统，其OCV-SOC曲线存在2个平台区。OCV-SOC曲线，为电池组的开路电压与荷电状态之间的变化曲线。作为举例，请参照图1，为磷酸铁锂电池的OCV-SOC曲线示意图，在该曲线上，存在着两个平台区：平台区1和平台区2，从图1可以看出，平台区1和平台区2对应的曲线部分，电压基本处于不变的状态，即平台区的电压变化量很小。
在现有技术中，利用电压值对SOC进行实时估算。但是其平台区每1％SOC的变化对应的电压变化小于1mV，会造成SOC估算误差达到5％及以上，因此，SOC的估算精度不高。基于此，采用本申请实施例所提供的技术方案可以提高SOC的估算精度。
基于上述应用场景的简单介绍，接下来请参照图2，为本申请实施例提供的电池的SOC修正方法的流程图，该方法包括：
步骤201，获取充电过程中电池的电压-SOC变化曲线。
步骤202，根据电压-SOC变化曲线生成电压微分曲线。其中，电压微分曲线为微分值与SOC的变化曲线，微分值为充电过程中电压变化量和电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值。
步骤203，确定电压微分曲线上的峰值点。该峰值点位于电压-SOC变化曲线的任意的相邻两个平台之间，且不位于任意的相邻两个平台上。
步骤204，根据峰值点进行SOC修正。
在本申请实施例中，与现有技术相比，在进行SOC估算时，通过充电过程中电压变化量和电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值与SOC的变化曲线，标定峰值点。首先，该峰值点是电压微分曲线上的峰值点，其对应的电压变化量相对于该区间(相邻两个平台之间的区间)内的其他点来说更大；并且，对于平台区来说，每1％SOC的变化对应的电压变化小于1mV，会造成SOC估算误差达到5％及以上，而该峰值点不位于相邻两个平台上，因而该峰值点对应的SOC估算误差不会太大；在峰值点对应的电压变化量较大，且对应的SOC估算误差较小的情况下，基于该峰值点进行的SOC修 正也更准确，比如：基于该峰值点对应的SOC值进行其他SOC值的修正，由于该峰值点对应的SOC值较准确，修正后的其他SOC值也较准确，实现提高SOC的估算精度。
接下来结合步骤201-步骤204对本申请实施例所提供的技术方案进行详细介绍。
作为一种可选的实施方式，在步骤201之前，可以实时检测电池的电流变化，当电池的电流变化符合条件时，则执行步骤201-步骤204的修正策略，当电池的电流变化不符合条件时，则不执行步骤201-步骤204的修正策略。具体地，当检测到电池的电流变化小于第一阈值时，执行步骤201。
第一阈值，可以理解为一个较小的电流变化值，在电池处于较小的电流变化状态时，电压不会大幅度突然上升或者下降，因而，上升幅度或者下降幅度也不会超过电压采样精度范围。作为一种可选的实施方式，第一阈值为5A。在实际应用时，该电流阈值可以结合电池的具体情况进行设置，在本申请实施例中不作限定。
在步骤201中，获取充电过程中电池的电压-SOC变化曲线。在充电过程中，电池的状态变化(包括电压和电流等)也均是由BMS监测的，因此，步骤201可以理解为，根据充电过程中的状态信息生成电池的电压-SOC变化曲线。
在步骤202中，基于电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线。电压微分曲线为微分值与SOC的变化曲线，微分值可以理解为充电过程中电压变化量和电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值。
从电压微分曲线的定义来看，生成该曲线的过程中，需要记录充电过程中电压变化量，还要记录各个电压变化量对应的SOC变化量，以及两个变化量对应的SOC。在电压的不同选取方式下，对应的SOC变化量也不相同，所生成的电压微分曲线也不同。
作为一种可选的实施方式，步骤202包括：在电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成电压微分曲线。
其中，单增电压指的是相对于前一次取的电压是增大的电压，比如：前一次取的电压为1V，则后一次取的电压应当大于1V，才能够满足该电压是单增电压。单增 电压对应的SOC变化量指的是，当前单增电压对应的SOC与前一单增电压对应的SOC的变化量。
根据微分值的定义，在计算微分值时，先计算当前单增电压与前一单增电压的变化量，再计算当前单增电压对应的SOC与前一单增电压对应的SOC的变化量，再将电压变化量与SOC变化量求比值，所得到的比值即为微分值。可以理解，每次一共取了N个单增电压，但是变化量是与两个单增电压有关的，因而最终计算出的微分值数量为N-1个。
对于N，为大于或者等于5的正整数。在实际应用中，可以根据电池管理系统的处理能力进行合理设置，在处理能力较强的情况下，N的取值可以较大一些；在处理能力较差的情况下，N的取值可以较小一些。作为可选的取值，N＝5。
在本申请实施例中，通过取单增电压，以及单增电压对应的SOC变化量，然后计算微分值，以生成电压微分曲线，使该电压微分曲线能够反映电压变化量与SOC变化量之间的比值随着SOC的变化情况。
优选地，单增电压还可以采用滑动选取的方式。在滑动选取的实施方式中，每次取的N个单增电压中，只有部分是新取的单增电压值，另一个部分的单增电压采用前一次所取的部分单增电压。比如：假设第一次取的N个单增电压为V1-V5，则第二次取的N个单增电压为V2-V6；或者假设第一次取的N个单增电压为V1-V5，则第二次取的N个单增电压为V3-V7。即，每次新取的单增电压的个数(滑动选取的范围)可以根据实际应用场景进行设定。
可以理解，针对相邻两次取的N个单增电压，如果后一次的N个单增电压中的第1～第N-1个单增电压分别为前一次的N个单增电压中的第2～第N个单增电压，后一次的N个单增电压中的第N个单增电压为新取的单增电压。通过采用每次只新取一个单增电压的滑动选取方式，由于每次取的单增电压中有N-1个单增电压都是前一次已经存取完成的单增电压，因此能够最大程度的减少存取空间。
进而，在实际应用中，可以根据电池管理系统的存取空间的条件，选择是否滑动选取单增电压，以及滑动选取的具体方式，在本申请实施例中不作限定。
基于每次取N个单增电压值进行微分值的计算的这种实施方式，最终生成的电压微分曲线上的微分值有两种实施方式，一种是针对每次取的N个单增电压对应的N-1个微分值都进行记录，生成电压微分曲线；另一种则是每次取的N个单增电压对应 的N-1微分值仅记录一个，生成电压微分曲线。
在其中的第二种实施方式下，根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成电压微分曲线，包括：根据每次计算的N-1个微分值确定每次的微分有效值；根据每次的微分有效值生成电压微分曲线。
由于最终需要确定的是电压微分曲线上的峰值，因此，每次的微分有效值可以是N-1个微分值中的最大值。通过这种方式，在减少数据处理量的同时，使最终生成的电压微分曲线更简单。
在本申请实施例中，不管生成电压微分曲线采用何种实施方式，还可以对电压进行滤波。以前述实施例中介绍的单增电压为例，在根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值之前，该方法还包括：对每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量进行多项式拟合。对应的，根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值，包括：根据多项式拟合的结果计算每次的N-1个微分值。
在这种实施方式中，通过多项式拟合的方式实现电压滤波，可以提高最终得到的电压微分曲线的精度。其中，多项式拟合的计算算法属于本领域技术人员所公知的常识，在此不进行详细介绍。
除了采用多项式拟合的方式进行滤波，也可以采用其他可实施的滤波方式进行滤波，比如：小波滤波、最小二乘拟合滤波等，在本申请实施例中不作限定。
作为举例，请参照图3，为本申请实施例所提供的电压微分曲线的示例图，在图3中，横坐标为SOC，纵坐标为电压变化量与SOC变化量的比值。可以看出，在SOC刚开始增加时，SOC和电压的变化较明显，且电压变化量和SOC变化量的比值(即微分值)较大。在SOC后续继续增加的过程中，SOC和电压的变化趋于平缓，且电压变化量和SOC变化量的比值(即微分值)较小。
需要注意的是，图3所示的是最终生成的完整的电压微分曲线，但是在电池管理系统中，通常生成该电压微分曲线的过程是实时的，比如：在SOC达到50％时，此时的电压微分曲线对应的是从0-50％SOC这一段曲线。
在步骤202中生成电压微分曲线后，在步骤203中，确定电压微分曲线上的峰值点。作为一种可选的实施方式，步骤203包括：确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻；确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时 刻；第二时刻在第一时刻之后；确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的各个时刻对应的各个微分值中的最大微分值对应的点为峰值点。
为了便于理解，图3提供了本申请实施例的电压微分曲线示意图，在图3中，还标注了平台区1和平台区2，该平台区1与平台区2与图1中的平台区1和平台区2一致。在平台区1和平台区2中间，可以明显的看出具有一个峰值点，该峰值点便为步骤203中需要确定的峰值点。从该峰值点的位置可以看出，该峰值点位于平台区1和平台区2中间，且是平台区1-平台区2这一大段区间内，微分值最大的点。
进而，在确定峰值点时，先确定电压微分曲线进入平台区1的第一时刻，然后再确定进入平台区2的第二时刻(在第一时刻之后)，再确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的各个时刻对应的各个微分值中的最大峰值，该最大峰值对应的点即为峰值点。
在本申请实施例中，通过限定第一个平台的起始位置(即第一时刻)和第二个平台的起始位置(即第二时刻)，能够初步限定峰值点的位置所在的范围(区间)；在限定峰值点的位置所在的范围后，再结合峰值点的微分值是最大微分值的特点，实现峰值点的快速定位。
可以看出，要实现峰值点的确定，平台区1和平台区2的判断是关键。针对平台区1和平台区2的判断，在本申请实施例中，结合电压微分曲线的生成方式，该判断可采用两种实施方式。一种是基于每次取的N个单增电压对应的SOC增量进行判断；另一种是基于相邻两次计算的N-1个微分值中的有效微分值对应的SOC增量进行判断。
这两种判断方式可以同时运用，只要其中一种判断方式判断出进入平台后，即可确定进入平台；这两种判断方式也可以选择性的进行运用，即针对特定的平台区，采用特定的平台区判断方式。此外，平台区1和平台区2采用的判断方式可以相同，也可以不相同，比如：平台区1采用第一种判断方式，平台区2采用第二种判断方式；或者平台区1和平台区2均同时采用第一种和第二种判断方式。接下来分别基于平台区1和平台区2对这两种判断方式进行介绍。
平台区1的第一种判断方式：判断每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第二阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第二阈值，确定相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为第一时刻。
其中，第二阈值可以根据电池平台区1的SOC范围确定，比如：第二阈值可以为5％SOC，不同的电池，第二阈值也不同。
作为举例，假设当前次取的N个单增电压为V1-V5，V2对应的SOC增量为V2对应的SOC与V1对应的SOC的差值(其他电压对应的SOC增量同理)，若V3对应的SOC增量与V2对应的SOC增量的差值大于第二阈值，则确定V3对应的时刻为第一时刻，即取到V3的时候，已进入平台区1。
平台区1的第二种判断方式：确定每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第三阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第三阈值，确定相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为第一时刻。
其中，第三阈值可以根据电池平台区1的SOC范围确定，比如：第三阈值可以为2％SOC，不同的电池，第三阈值也不同。
此外，微分有效值为N-1个微分值中的最大微分值，微分有效值对应的时刻为该最大微分值对应的时刻。比如：假设V1-V5中，微分有效值为V5对应的微分值，则微分有效值对应的时刻为取V5该单增电压的时刻。
作为举例，假设当前次取的N个单增电压为V2-V6，前一次取的N个单增电压为V1-V5；当前次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值为A，前一次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值为B，若微分有效值A对应的SOC增量与微分有效值B对应的SOC增量的差值大于第三阈值，则确定微分有效值A对应的时刻为第一时刻，即计算出微分有效值A时，已进入平台区1。其中，假设微分有效值A对应的单增电压为V6，则V6对应的时刻为第一时刻。
不管采用哪种判断方式，对于电池管理系统来说，可以设置平台区1的标识，在判断之前，先将标识置0(初始值)；若确定进入平台区1，则将平台区1的标识置1；或者若通过第一种判断方式确定进入平台区1，则将平台区1的标识置1，若通过第二种判断方式确定进入平台区1，则将平台区1的标识置2。
平台区2的第一种判断方式：判断在第一时刻之后每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第四阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第四阈值，确定相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为第二时刻。
其中，第四阈值可以根据电池平台区2的SOC范围确定，比如：第四阈值可以为2.5％SOC，不同的电池，第四阈值也不同。
作为举例，假设当前次取的N个单增电压为V3-V7，V4对应的SOC增量为V4对应的SOC与V3对应的SOC的差值(其他电压对应的SOC增量同理)，若V4对应的SOC增量与V3对应的SOC增量的差值大于第四阈值，则确定V4对应的时刻为第二时刻，即取到V4的时候，已进入平台区2。
平台区2的第二种判断方式：确定在第一时刻之后每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第五阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第五阈值，确定相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为第二时刻。
其中，第五阈值可以根据电池平台区2的SOC范围确定，比如：第五阈值可以为1.5％SOC，不同的电池，第五阈值也不同。
作为举例，假设当前次取的N个单增电压为V3-V7，前一次取的N个单增电压为V2-V6；当前次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值为C，前一次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值为D，若微分有效值C对应的SOC增量与微分有效值D对应的SOC增量的差值大于第五阈值，则确定微分有效值C对应的时刻为第二时刻，即计算出微分有效值C时，已进入平台区2。其中，假设微分有效值C对应的单增电压为V7，则V7对应的时刻为第二时刻。
不管采用哪种判断方式，对于电池管理系统来说，可以设置平台区2的标识，在判断之前，先将标识置0(初始值)；若确定进入平台区2，则将平台区2的标识置1；或者若通过第一种判断方式确定进入平台区2，则将平台区2的标识置1，若通过第二种判断方式确定进入平台区2，则将平台区2的标识置2。
在本申请实施例中，对于平台区来说，其对应的SOC范围是可以大概确定的，基于该SOC范围可以确定其对应的SOC增量的范围，因此，通过相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值的阈值的设定，或者通过相邻微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值的阈值的设定，均可以实现平台区的判断。
对于BMS来说，判断平台区的过程是实时的，在这个实时判断的过程中，为了实现最大微分值的确定，在确定进入第一平台区以后，便可以进行最大微分值的更新，更新方式可以理解为：每计算出一个微分值，则将其与之前的微分值进行比较， 其中更大的微分值为当前的最大微分值。比如：当确定平台区1的标识由0变为1或者2时，当前的最大微分值＝该时刻对应的微分值。
为了保证最大微分值是进入第一平台区之后的微分值，在实时的更新过程中，若最大微分值对应的时刻在第一时刻之前，则将平台区1的标识由1或者2重置为0。
以及在之后的过程中，如果平台区1的标识始终保持1或者2时，实时进行当前的最大微分值的更新，这样可以避免平台区1的误判断。
进而，在确定进入第二平台区以后，便可以将此时的最大微分值对应的点确定为峰值点。比如：当前平台区1的标识为1或者2，且平台区2的标识从0变为1或者2，则当前的最大微分值对应的点为峰值点。
此外，由于在实时的微分峰值更新过程中，最大微分值取的是更大的微分值，因而当前的最大微分值对应的点不一定是当前时刻的微分值，即当前的最大微分值≠当前时刻的微分值。比如：假设在V7对应的时刻，平台区1的标识为1或者2，且平台区2的标识从0变为1或者2，但是当前的最大微分值是V5对应的时刻的微分值，则峰值点是V5对应的时刻的微分值所在的点。
需要注意的是，第二时刻在第一时刻之后是一个限定条件，但是在实时判断的过程中，为了保证时刻满足该限定条件的要求，在确定当前时刻满足进入第二个平台的条件时，还应当判断当前时刻是否在第一时刻之后，若是，则确定进入第二个平台；若否，则确定没有进入第二个平台。
在步骤203中通过两平台区的判断实现电压微分曲线上的峰值点的确定后，在步骤204中，根据峰值点进行SOC修正。
作为一种可选的实施方式，步骤204包括：对峰值点对应的SOC进行标定，确定峰值点对应的标定SOC；根据峰值点对应的SOC增量、峰值点对应的标定SOC和待进行修正的时刻对应的SOC增量进行SOC修正。
其中，峰值点对应有SOC，但为了保证该用于修正的SOC的精确度，通过线下标定的方式，可确定出更精确的SOC值，然后再基于该更精确的SOC值进行修正。比如：标定的SOC值可以是：57％SOC。
在进行SOC修正时，可以采用：SOC修正值＝峰值点对应的标定SOC+(当前时刻对应的SOC增量-峰值点对应的SOC增量)进行修正。
其中，待进行修正的时刻可以理解为进入第二个平台的时刻(即第二时 刻)之后的时刻。
此外，在本申请实施例中，所描述的是充电过程中的SOC修正，但在实际应用时，SOC修正除了在实时修正的过程中的应用，也可以是在已有电压-SOC曲线后，为了得到更精确的数据，所进行的非实时的数据修正过程，比如在电池组停止充电后，再修正电池组的SOC值。
基于同一发明构思，请参照图4，本申请实施例中还提供一种电池的SOC修正装置400，包括：获取模块401和处理模块402。
获取模块401用于获取充电过程中电池的电压-SOC变化曲线。处理模块402用于：根据电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线；电压微分曲线为微分值与SOC的变化曲线；微分值为充电过程中电压变化量和电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值；确定电压微分曲线上的峰值点；峰值点位于电压-SOC变化曲线的任意的相邻两个平台之间，且不位于任意的相邻两个平台上；根据峰值点进行SOC修正。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体用于：在电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；根据每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成电压微分曲线。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402还用于对每次取的N个单增电压和N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量进行多项式拟合；以及具体用于：根据多项式拟合的结果计算每次的N-1个微分值。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体还用于根据每次计算的N-1个微分值确定每次的微分有效值；根据每次的微分有效值生成电压微分曲线。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体还用于：确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻；确定电压微分曲线进入两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻；第二时刻在第一时刻之后；确定第一时刻和第二时刻之间的各个时刻对应的各个微分值中的最大微分值对应的点为峰值点。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体还用于：判断每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第二阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第二阈值，确定相邻 单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为第一时刻。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体还用于：确定每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第三阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第三阈值，确定相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为第一时刻。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体还用于：判断在第一时刻之后每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第四阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第四阈值，确定相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为第二时刻。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体还用于：确定在第一时刻之后每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第五阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第五阈值，确定相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为第二时刻。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块402具体还用于：对峰值点对应的SOC进行标定，确定峰值点对应的标定SOC；根据峰值点对应的SOC增量、峰值点对应的标定SOC和待进行修正的时刻对应的SOC增量进行SOC修正。
电池的SOC修正装置400与电池的SOC修正方法对应，因此，电池的SOC修正装置400的各个模块的实施方式参照电池的SOC修正方法的各个步骤的实施方式，在此不再重复介绍。
基于同一发明构思，请参照图5，本申请实施例中还提供一种电池管理系统500，包括：处理器501；以及，与处理器501通信连接的存储器502；其中，存储器502存储有可被处理器执行的指令，指令被处理器501执行，以使处理器501能够执行本申请实施例所提供的电池的SOC修正方法。
其中，处理器501和存储器502之间直接或间接地电连接，以实现数据的传输或交互。例如，这些元件之间可以通过一条或多条通讯总线或信号总线实现电连接。电池的SOC修正方法分别包括至少一个可以以软件或固件(firmware)的形式存储于存储器502中的软件功能模块。
处理器501可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号处理能力。处理器501可以是通用处理器，包括CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)、NP(Network  Processor，网络处理器)等；还可以是数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现成可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。其可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
存储器502可以存储各种软件程序以及模块，如本申请实施例提供的电池的SOC修正方法及装置对应的程序指令/模块。处理器501通过运行存储在存储器502中的软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理，即实现本申请实施例中的方法。
存储器502可以包括但不限于RAM(Random Access Memory，随机存取存储器)，ROM(Read Only Memory，只读存储器)，PROM(Programmable Read-Only Memory，可编程只读存储器)，EPROM(Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，可擦除只读存储器)，EEPROM(Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，电可擦除只读存储器)等。
前述实施例中的电池的SOC修正方法中的各实施方式和具体实例同样适用于图5所示的电池管理系统500，通过前述对电池的SOC修正方法的详细描述，本领域技术人员可以清楚的知道图5中的电池管理系统500的实施方法，所以为了说明书的简洁，在此不再详述。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种车辆，该车辆为电动车辆，包括电池组与图5所示的电池管理系统500。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种电动设备，包括电池组与图5所示的电池管理系统500。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，该可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被计算机运行时执行本申请实施例所提供的电池的SOC修正方法。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种电池的SOC修正方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取充电过程中电池的电压-SOC变化曲线；
    根据所述电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线；所述电压微分曲线为微分值与SOC的变化曲线；所述微分值为所述充电过程中电压变化量和所述电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值；
    确定所述电压微分曲线上的峰值点；所述峰值点位于所述电压-SOC变化曲线的任意的相邻两个平台之间，且不位于所述任意的相邻两个平台上；
    根据所述峰值点进行SOC修正。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线，包括：
    在所述电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录所述N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；
    根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；
    根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成所述电压微分曲线。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，针对相邻两次取的N个单增电压，后一次的N个单增电压中的第1～第N-1个单增电压分别为前一次的N个单增电压中的第2～第N个单增电压，后一次的N个单增电压中的第N个单增电压为新取的单增电压。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值之前，所述方法还包括：
    对每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量进行多项式拟合；
    对应的，所述根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值，包括：
    根据多项式拟合的结果计算所述每次的N-1个微分值。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成所述电压微分曲线，包括：
    根据每次计算的N-1个微分值确定每次的微分有效值；
    根据所述每次的微分有效值生成所述电压微分曲线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述电压微分曲线上的峰值点，包括：
    确定所述电压微分曲线进入所述两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻；
    确定所述电压微分曲线进入所述两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻；所述第二 时刻在所述第一时刻之后；
    确定所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻之间的各个时刻对应的各个微分值中的最大微分值对应的点为所述峰值点。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线，包括：
    在所述电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录所述N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；
    根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；
    根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成所述电压微分曲线；
    对应的，所述确定所述电压微分曲线进入所述两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻，包括：
    判断每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第二阈值；
    若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第二阈值，确定所述相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为所述第一时刻。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线，包括：
    在所述电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录所述N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；
    根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；
    根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成所述电压微分曲线；
    对应的，所述确定所述电压微分曲线进入所述两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻，包括：
    确定每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；
    判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第三阈值；
    若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第三阈值，确定所述相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为所述第一时刻。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述电压微分曲线进入所述两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻，包括：
    判断在所述第一时刻之后每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第四阈值；
    若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第四阈值，确定所述相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为所述第二时刻。
  10. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述电压微分曲线进 入所述两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻，包括：
    确定在所述第一时刻之后每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；
    判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第五阈值；
    若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第五阈值，确定所述相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为所述第二时刻。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述峰值点进行SOC修正，包括：
    对所述峰值点对应的SOC进行标定，确定所述峰值点对应的标定SOC；
    根据所述峰值点对应的SOC增量、所述峰值点对应的标定SOC和待进行修正的时刻对应的SOC增量进行SOC修正。
  12. 一种电池的SOC修正装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取充电过程中电池的电压-SOC变化曲线；
    处理模块，用于：根据所述电压-SOC变化曲线生成电池的电压微分曲线；所述电压微分曲线为微分值与SOC的变化曲线；所述微分值为所述充电过程中电压变化量和所述电压变化量对应的SOC变化量的比值；确定所述电压微分曲线上的峰值点；所述峰值点位于所述电压-SOC变化曲线的任意的相邻两个平台之间，且不位于所述任意的相邻两个平台上；根据所述峰值点进行SOC修正。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于：
    在所述电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录所述N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成所述电压微分曲线。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，针对所述处理模块相邻两次取的N个单增电压，后一次的N个单增电压中的第1～第N-1个单增电压分别为前一次的N个单增电压中的第2～第N个单增电压，后一次的N个单增电压中的第N个单增电压为新取的单增电压。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    对每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量进行多项式拟合；
    以及具体用于：根据多项式拟合的结果计算所述每次的N-1个微分值。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体还用于：根据每次计算的N-1个微分值确定每次的微分有效值；根据所述每次的微分有效值生成所述电压微分曲线。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于：
    确定所述电压微分曲线进入所述两个平台中的第一个平台的第一时刻；确定所述电压微分曲线进入所述两个平台中的第二个平台的第二时刻；所述第二时刻在所述第一时刻之后；确定所述第一时刻和所述第二时刻之间的各个时刻对应的各个微分值中的最大微分值对应的点为所述峰值点。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于：
    在所述电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录所述N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成所述电压微分曲线；
    以及所述处理模块具体还用于：判断每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第二阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第二阈值，确定所述相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为所述第一时刻。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于：
    在所述电压-SOC变化曲线上，每次取N个单增电压，记录所述N个单增电压对应的时刻，并计算所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量；所述N为大于或者等于5的正整数；根据每次取的所述N个单增电压和所述N个单增电压对应的SOC变化量计算每次的N-1个微分值；根据每次计算的N-1个微分值生成所述电压微分曲线；
    以及所述处理模块具体还用于：确定每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第三阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第三阈值，确定所述相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为所述第一时刻。
  20. 根据权利要求18或者19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体还用于：判断在所述第一时刻之后每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第四阈值；若每次取的N个单增电压中，相邻单增电压对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第四阈值，确定所述相邻单增电压中的后一个单增电压对应的时刻为所述第二时刻。
  21. 根据权利要求18或者19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体还用于：确定在所述第一时刻之后每次计算的N-1个微分值中的微分有效值；判断相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值是否大于预设的第五阈值；若相邻两次微分有效值对应的SOC增量的差值大于预设的第五阈值，确定所述相邻两次微分有效值中后一个微分有效值对应的时刻为所述第二时刻。
  22. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于：
    对所述峰值点对应的SOC进行标定，确定所述峰值点对应的标定SOC；根据所述峰值点对应的SOC增量、所述峰值点对应的标定SOC和待进行修正的时刻对应的SOC增量进行SOC修正。
  23. 一种电池管理系统，其特征在于，包括：至少一个处理器；以及，与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；
    其中，所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电池的SOC修正方法。
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