WO2022149876A1 - 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬-황 이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬-황 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022149876A1 WO2022149876A1 PCT/KR2022/000232 KR2022000232W WO2022149876A1 WO 2022149876 A1 WO2022149876 A1 WO 2022149876A1 KR 2022000232 W KR2022000232 W KR 2022000232W WO 2022149876 A1 WO2022149876 A1 WO 2022149876A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/38—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery and a lithium-sulfur secondary battery comprising the same.
- lithium-ion secondary batteries with a relatively low energy storage density ( ⁇ 250 Wh/kg) to weight ratio are suitable for these products. There are limits to its application.
- the lithium-sulfur secondary battery is in the spotlight as a next-generation secondary battery technology because it can theoretically implement a high energy storage density ( ⁇ 2,600 Wh/kg) versus weight.
- a lithium-sulfur secondary battery refers to a battery system in which a sulfur-based material having an S-S bond is used as a positive electrode active material and lithium metal is used as a negative electrode active material.
- Sulfur which is the main material of the positive electrode active material, is advantageous in that it has abundant resources worldwide, is non-toxic, and has a low weight per atom.
- Lithium-sulfur secondary batteries are oxidized as lithium, which is an anode active material, releases electrons and is ionized during discharging, and a sulfur-based material, which is a cathode active material, is reduced by accepting electrons.
- the oxidation reaction of lithium is a process in which lithium metal is converted into a lithium cation form by giving up electrons.
- the reduction reaction of sulfur is a process in which the SS bond accepts two electrons and is converted into a sulfur anion form. The lithium cations generated by the oxidation reaction of lithium are transferred to the positive electrode through the electrolyte and combine with the sulfur anions generated by the reduction reaction of sulfur to form a salt.
- sulfur before discharge has a cyclic S 8 structure, which is converted into lithium polysulfide (LiS x ) by a reduction reaction.
- lithium polysulfide LiS x
- lithium sulfide Li 2 S
- the lifespan characteristics of the lithium-sulfur secondary battery are deteriorated due to various causes.
- the lifespan characteristics of the lithium-sulfur secondary battery may be deteriorated due to the elution of lithium polysulfide from the positive electrode, the occurrence of a short due to the growth of dendrites on the lithium negative electrode, and the deposition of by-products due to the decomposition of the electrolyte.
- Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2007-0027512 (2007.03.09.), "Lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell electrolyte"
- the present invention in order to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites in a lithium-sulfur secondary battery and improve the lifespan characteristics of the battery, in a lithium-sulfur secondary battery containing a lithium salt and a non-aqueous solvent, one or more fluorine
- the present invention was completed by confirming that the above problem could be solved and the performance of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery could be improved.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery capable of solving the problem of lithium dendrites and improving the lifespan characteristics of the battery.
- another object of the present invention is to provide a lithium-sulfur secondary battery having improved battery performance by providing the electrolyte solution.
- the present invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent and an additive, wherein the non-aqueous solvent includes a linear ether and a cyclic ether, and the additive is one
- an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery comprising the pyridine-based compound substituted with the above fluorine.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiB(Ph) 4 , LiC 4 BO 8 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , LiSO 3 CH 3 , LiSO 3 CF 3 , LiSCN, LiC(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (SO 2 F) 2 and at least one selected from the group consisting of lower aliphatic lithium carboxylate, a lithium-sulfur secondary battery electrolyte.
- the present invention also provides an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, wherein the lithium salt is contained in a concentration of 0.1M to 5.0M.
- the linear ether is dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, diisobutyl ether, ethylmethyl ether, ethylpropyl ether, ethyltertbutyl ether, dimethoxymethane, trimethoxy Methane, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, dimethoxypropane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol divinyl ether, diethylene glycol divinyl Ether, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethylene ether, butylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol isopropyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol tertbut
- the cyclic ether is dioxolane, methyldioxolane, dimethyldioxolane, vinyldioxolane, methoxydioxolane, ethylmethyldioxolane, oxane, dioxane, trioxane, tetrahydrofuran,
- a lithium-sulfur secondary battery which is selected from the group consisting of methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethyltetrahydrofuran, dimethoxytetrahydrofuran, ethoxytetrahydrofuran, dihydropyran, tetrahydropyran, furan and 2-methylfuran electrolyte is provided.
- the present invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, wherein the volume ratio of the linear ether and the cyclic ether is 9:1 to 1:9.
- the present invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, wherein the additive includes a compound represented by the following formula (1).
- X represents a fluorine atom, and n is an integer of 1 to 5]
- the additive is 2-fluoropyridine (2-Fluoropyridine), 2,3-difluoropyridine (2,3-Difluoropyridine), 2,4-difluoropyridine (2,4-Difluoropyridine) ), 2,5-difluoropyridine (2,5-Difluoropyridine), 3,4-difluoropyridine (3,4-Difluoropyridine), 3,5-difluoropyridine (3,5-Difluoropyridine), 2,6-difluoropyridine (2,6-Difluoropyridine), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine (2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoropyridine) and pentafluoropyridine (Pentafluoropyridine) It provides an electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, comprising at least one selected from
- the present invention provides an electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, wherein the content of the additive is 0.1 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte solution.
- the present invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, wherein the content of the pyridine-based compound is 0.1% to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
- the additive is lithium nitrate, potassium nitrate, cesium nitrate, barium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrite, potassium nitrite, cesium nitrite, ammonium nitrite, methyl nitrate, dialkyl imidazolium nitrate, guanidine nitrate Late, imidazolium nitrate, pyridinium nitrate, ethyl nitrite, propyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, pentyl nitrite, octyl nitrite, nitromethane, nitropropane, nitrobutane, nitrobenzene, dinitrobenzene, nitro Lithium-sulfur secondary battery further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of pyridine, dinitropyridine, nitrotoluene, dinitrotoluene, pyridine N-oxide, alkyl
- the present invention provides a lithium-sulfur secondary battery comprising the above-described electrolyte.
- the electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery according to the present invention includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent and an additive, and the additive includes a specific organic compound, thereby inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites during operation of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, It shows the effect of improving the lifespan characteristics of a battery.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the lifespan characteristics of lithium-sulfur secondary batteries using the electrolytes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the lifespan characteristics of lithium-sulfur secondary batteries using the electrolytes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the charging and discharging efficiency of lithium-sulfur secondary batteries using the electrolytes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the charging and discharging efficiency of lithium-sulfur secondary batteries using the electrolytes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the lifespan characteristics of lithium-sulfur secondary batteries using the electrolytes of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the lifespan characteristics of lithium-sulfur secondary batteries using the electrolytes of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the charging and discharging efficiency of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery using the electrolyte of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the charging and discharging efficiency of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery using the electrolyte of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1.
- the present invention provides an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery comprising a lithium salt, a non-aqueous solvent and an additive, wherein the non-aqueous solvent includes a linear ether and a cyclic ether, and the additive is a pyridine-based solution substituted with at least one fluorine. It provides an electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, including the compound.
- the concentration of the lithium salt depends on several factors such as the exact composition of the electrolyte mixture, the solubility of the salt, the conductivity of the dissolved salt, the charging and discharging conditions of the battery, the operating temperature and other factors known in the art of lithium batteries, 0.1 to 5.0 M, Preferably it may be 0.2 ⁇ 3.0 M, more specifically 0.5 ⁇ 2.0 M. If the amount is less than 0.1 M, the conductivity of the electrolyte may be lowered and the electrolyte performance may be deteriorated, and if used in excess of 5.0 M, the viscosity of the electrolyte may increase and the mobility of lithium ions (Li + ) may be reduced.
- the non-aqueous solvent may be an ether-based solvent, and the ether-based solvent may include a linear ether and a cyclic ether.
- the carbonate-based electrolyte used in conventional lithium ion batteries i) performs a nucleophilic reaction with lithium polysulfide emitted from the positive electrode of a lithium-sulfur secondary battery, and the methyl of thiolate by dimethyl carbonate
- the lithium-sulfur of the present invention can cause a reaction similar to that of ethylene carbonate and cause consumption of lithium polysulfide, an active material, and carbonate-based electrolyte, which is an active material, such as forming thioether with ethylene carbonate, thereby accelerating battery degradation. It is preferable that the electrolyte solution for a secondary battery does not contain a carbonate-based electrolyte.
- the linear ethers include dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, diisobutyl ether, ethylmethyl ether, ethylpropyl ether, ethyltertbutyl ether, dimethoxymethane, trimethoxymethane, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, dimethoxypropane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol divinyl ether, diethylene glycol divinyl ether, triethylene glycol di Vinyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethylene ether, butylene glycol ether, diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol isopropyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol tertbutyl e
- the cyclic ether is dioxolane, methyldioxolane, dimethyldioxolane, vinyldioxolane, methoxydioxolane, ethylmethyldioxolane, oxane, dioxane, trioxane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethyl It may be selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxytetrahydrofuran, ethoxytetrahydrofuran, dihydropyran, tetrahydropyran, furan and 2-methylfuran, preferably dioxolane.
- the volume ratio of the linear ether to the cyclic ether may be 9:1 to 1:9, preferably 8:2 to 2:8, and more preferably 7:3 to 3:7.
- the desired effect cannot be obtained due to insufficient effect of improving the lifespan characteristics of the battery. do.
- the electrolyte solution for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery of the present invention may include, as an additive, a pyridine-based compound substituted with one or more fluorines, and preferably includes one or more and five or less fluorine-substituted pyridine-based compounds. .
- the additive may include a compound represented by Formula 1 below.
- X represents a fluorine atom, and n is an integer of 1 to 5]
- the additive is 2-fluoropyridine (2-Fluoropyridine), 2,3-difluoropyridine (2,3-Difluoropyridine), 2,4-difluoropyridine (2,4-Difluoropyridine), 2, 5-difluoropyridine (2,5-Difluoropyridine), 3,4-difluoropyridine (3,4-Difluoropyridine), 3,5-difluoropyridine (3,5-Difluoropyridine), 2,6- One selected from the group consisting of difluoropyridine (2,6-Difluoropyridine), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine (2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoropyridine) and pentafluoropyridine (Pentafluoropyridine) It may include the above, preferably 2-fluoropyridine (2-Fluoropyridine) or pentafluoropyridine (Pentafluoropyridine), and more preferably pent
- the content of the additive may be 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt% to 7 wt%, more preferably 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, based on the total weight of the electrolyte .
- the content of the pyridine-based compound may be 0.1% to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1% to 7% by weight, more preferably 0.1% to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the electrolyte. It can be %.
- the content of the additive and the pyridine-based compound is less than 0.1% by weight, the growth of lithium dendrite cannot be sufficiently suppressed, and when the content of the additive and the pyridine-based compound exceeds 10% by weight, the film of the lithium electrode Since there is a risk of increasing the resistance by the above, the content of the additive and the pyridine-based compound preferably satisfies the above range.
- the electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery of the present invention may further include nitric acid or a nitrite-based compound as an additive.
- the nitric acid or nitrite-based compound has an effect of forming a stable film on the lithium electrode and improving charging and discharging efficiency.
- the nitric acid or nitrite-based compound is not particularly limited in the present invention, but lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ), potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ), cesium nitrate (CsNO 3 ), barium nitrate (Ba(NO 3 ) 2 ), ammonium nitrate inorganic nitric acid or nitrite compounds such as (NH 4 NO 3 ), lithium nitrite (LiNO 2 ), potassium nitrite (KNO 2 ), cesium nitrite (CsNO 2 ), and ammonium nitrite (NH 4 NO 2 ); Organic nitric acids such as methyl nitrate, dialkyl imidazolium nitrate, guanidine nitrate, imidazolium nitrate, pyridinium nitrate, ethyl nitrite, propyl nitrite, butyl nitrite, pentyl nitrite, and oc
- the electrolyte may further include other additives for the purpose of improving charge/discharge characteristics, flame retardancy, and the like.
- the additive include triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphoric acid triamide, nitrobenzene derivative, sulfur, quinone imine dye, N-substituted oxazolidinone, N,N-substituted imidazolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol, aluminum trichloride, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), propene sultone (PRS), vinylene carbonate (VC) and the like.
- FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
- PRS propene sultone
- VC vinylene carbonate
- the method for preparing the lithium-sulfur secondary battery electrolyte of the present invention is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be prepared by a conventional method known in the art.
- the present invention provides a lithium-sulfur secondary battery comprising the above-described lithium-sulfur secondary battery electrolyte.
- the lithium-sulfur secondary battery may include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolyte, and may include the electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery according to the present invention as the electrolyte.
- the positive electrode may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material coated on one or both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it supports the positive electrode active material and has high conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery.
- copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, palladium, fired carbon, a copper or stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, silver, etc., an aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used.
- the positive electrode current collector may form fine irregularities on its surface to enhance bonding strength with the positive electrode active material, and various forms such as films, sheets, foils, meshes, nets, porous bodies, foams, and nonwovens may be used.
- the positive active material may include the positive active material and optionally a conductive material and a binder.
- inorganic sulfur (S 8 ) may be used.
- the positive electrode may further include one or more additives selected from a transition metal element, a group IIIA element, a group IVA element, a sulfur compound of these elements, and an alloy of these elements and sulfur in addition to the positive electrode active material.
- transition metal element examples include Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Au or Hg may be included, and the group IIIA element may include Al, Ga, In, Ti, and the like, and the group IVA element may include Ge, Sn, Pb, and the like.
- the conductive material is for improving electrical conductivity, and is not particularly limited as long as it is an electronically conductive material that does not cause chemical change in a lithium secondary battery, and generally includes carbon black, graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, metal powder, Conductive metal oxides, organic conductive materials, etc. can be used, and products currently marketed as conductive materials include acetylene black series (products of Chevron Chemical Company or Gulf Oil Company, etc.), Ketgen There are Ketjen Black EC series (product of Armak Company), Vulcan XC-72 (product of Cabot Company) and Super P (product of MMM company). . For example, acetylene black, carbon black, graphite, etc. are mentioned.
- the positive electrode active material may further include a binder having a function of maintaining the positive electrode active material on the positive electrode current collector and connecting the active materials.
- a binder for example, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile, poly Various types of binders such as methyl methacrylate, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) may be used.
- an anode having a high sulfur loading may be used as the anode.
- the loading amount of the sulfur may be 3.0 mAh/cm 2 or more, preferably 4.0 mAh/cm 2 or more, and more preferably 5.0 mAh/cm 2 or more.
- the negative electrode may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode may be a lithium metal plate.
- the negative electrode current collector is for supporting the negative electrode active material, and is not particularly limited as long as it has excellent conductivity and is electrochemically stable in the voltage range of a lithium secondary battery, for example, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, Palladium, fired carbon, copper or stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, silver, etc., an aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used.
- the negative electrode current collector may form fine irregularities on its surface to enhance bonding strength with the negative electrode active material, and various forms such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a mesh, a net, a porous body, a foam, and a non-woven body may be used.
- the negative active material includes a material capable of reversibly intercalating or deintercalating lithium (Li + ), a material capable of reversibly forming a lithium-containing compound by reacting with lithium ions, a lithium metal or a lithium alloy. can do.
- the material capable of reversibly occluding or releasing lithium ions (Li + ) may be, for example, crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, or a mixture thereof.
- the material capable of reversibly forming a lithium-containing compound by reacting with the lithium ions (Li + ) may be, for example, tin oxide, titanium nitrate, or silicon.
- the lithium alloy is, for example, lithium (Li) and sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), francium (Fr), beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium ( Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), radium (Ra), aluminum (Al), and may be an alloy of a metal selected from the group consisting of tin (Sn).
- the negative active material may be lithium metal, and specifically, may be in the form of a lithium metal thin film or lithium metal powder.
- the method of forming the negative active material is not particularly limited, and a method of forming a layer or a film commonly used in the art may be used. For example, a method such as pressing, coating, or vapor deposition may be used. In addition, a case in which a metal lithium thin film is formed on a metal plate by initial charging after assembling the battery in a state in which there is no lithium thin film in the current collector is also included in the negative electrode of the present invention.
- the separator is for physically separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the lithium-sulfur secondary battery of the present invention, and can be used without any particular limitation as long as it is used as a separator in a lithium-sulfur secondary battery. It is preferable that it is low resistance and is excellent in electrolyte solution moisture content.
- the separator may be made of a porous substrate, and any porous substrate may be used as long as the porous substrate is generally used for an electrochemical device.
- a polyolefin-based porous membrane or a nonwoven fabric may be used, but is not particularly limited thereto. .
- polystyrene-based porous membrane examples include polyethylene, such as high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and polyolefin-based polymers such as polypropylene, polybutylene, and polypentene, respectively, individually or in a mixture thereof.
- polyethylene such as high-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
- polyolefin-based polymers such as polypropylene, polybutylene, and polypentene, respectively, individually or in a mixture thereof.
- nonwoven fabric in addition to the polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric, for example, polyethyleneterephthalate, polybutyleneterephthalate, polyester, polyacetal, polyamide, polycarbonate ), polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, polyphenyleneoxide, polyphenylenesulfide, and polyethylenenaphthalate alone Alternatively, a nonwoven fabric formed of a polymer obtained by mixing them may be mentioned.
- the structure of the nonwoven fabric may be a spunbond nonwoven fabric composed of long fibers or a melt blown nonwoven fabric.
- the thickness of the porous substrate is not particularly limited, but may be 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the size and pore size of the pores present in the porous substrate are also not particularly limited, but may be 0.001 to 50 ⁇ m and 10 to 95%, respectively.
- the electrolyte contains lithium ions, and is intended to cause an electrochemical oxidation or reduction reaction in the positive electrode and the negative electrode through this, according to the above description.
- the injection of the electrolyte may be performed at an appropriate stage during the manufacturing process of the electrochemical device according to the manufacturing process and required properties of the final product. That is, it may be applied before assembling the electrochemical device or in the final stage of assembling the electrochemical device.
- the lithium-sulfur secondary battery according to the present invention in addition to winding, which is a general process, lamination, stack, and folding processes of a separator and an electrode are possible.
- the shape of the lithium-sulfur secondary battery is not particularly limited and may have various shapes such as a cylindrical shape, a stacked type, and a coin type.
- LiTFSI ((CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi) 1.0 M in a mixed solvent having a volume ratio (v/v) of 1,3-dioxolane (DOL) and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) of 50:50 LiNO 3 1 wt% and pentafluoropyridine (Pentafluoropyridine) 0.1 wt% were added to prepare an electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery.
- DOL 1,3-dioxolane
- DME 1,2-dimethoxyethane
- An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 5 wt% of the pentafluoropyridine was added.
- An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2-fluoropyridine was added instead of the pentafluoropyridine.
- An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2,6-difluoropyridine was added instead of the pentafluoropyridine.
- An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pentafluoropyridine was not added.
- An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 20 wt% of the pentafluoropyridine was added.
- An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2-tert-butylpyridine was added instead of the pentafluoropyridine.
- An electrolyte for a lithium-sulfur secondary battery was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2-propylpyridine was added instead of the pentafluoropyridine.
- Example 1 Pentafluoropyridine 0.1% by weight
- Example 2 Pentafluoropyridine 5.0% by weight
- Example 3 2-Fluoropyridine 0.1% by weight
- Example 4 2,6-difluoropyridine (2-Difluoropyridine) 0.1% by weight
- Example 5 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoropyridine (2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoropyridine) 1.0% by weight Comparative Example 1 - - Comparative Example 2 Pentafluoropyridine 20% by weight Comparative Example 3 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine (2-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine) 0.1% by weight Comparative Example 4 2-tert-butylpyridine 0.1% by weight Comparative Example 5 2-propylpyridine 0.1% by weight
- Sulfur was mixed with a conductive material and a binder in acetonitrile using a ball mill to prepare a cathode active material slurry.
- carbon black was used as the conductive material
- a binder of a mixed type of SBR and CMC was used as the binder, respectively, and the mixing ratio was 72:24:4 sulfur:conductive material:binder by weight.
- the positive electrode active material slurry was applied to an aluminum current collector such that the loading amount was 5.4 mAh/cm 2 , and then dried to prepare a positive electrode having a porosity of 70%. Further, a lithium metal having a thickness of 35 ⁇ m was used as the negative electrode.
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
| 성분 | 함량 | |
| 실시예 1 | 펜타플루오로피리딘(Pentafluoropyridine) | 0.1중량% |
| 실시예 2 | 펜타플루오로피리딘(Pentafluoropyridine) | 5.0중량% |
| 실시예 3 | 2-플루오로피리딘(2-Fluoropyridine) | 0.1중량% |
| 실시예 4 | 2,6-디플루오로피리딘(2-Difluoropyridine) | 0.1중량% |
| 실시예 5 | 2,3,5,6-테트라플루오로피리딘(2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoropyridine) | 1.0중량% |
| 비교예 1 | - | - |
| 비교예 2 | 펜타플루오로피리딘(Pentafluoropyridine) | 20중량% |
| 비교예 3 | 2,6-디-tert-부틸-4-메틸 피리딘(2-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine) | 0.1중량% |
| 비교예 4 | 2-tert-부틸 피리딘(2-tert-butylpyridine) | 0.1중량% |
| 비교예 5 | 2-프로필 피리딘(2-propylpyridine) | 0.1중량% |
| 수명 사이클(용량유지율 80%) | 충방전 효율(%) (57th cycle에서의 쿨롱 효율) |
|
| 실시예 1 | 129 | 98.6647 |
| 실시예 2 | 180 | 99.3544 |
| 실시예 3 | 146 | 99.3099 |
| 실시예 4 | 78 | 98.8729 |
| 실시예 5 | 72 | 98.8453 |
| 비교예 1 | 57 | 98.2902 |
| 비교예 2 | 40 | 98.2105 |
| 비교예 3 | 52 | 97.2751 |
| 비교예 4 | 43 | 88.2575 |
| 비교예 5 | 45 | 87.2167 |
Claims (12)
- 리튬염, 비수계 용매 및 첨가제를 포함하는 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액으로서,상기 비수계 용매는 선형 에테르 및 고리형 에테르를 포함하고,상기 첨가제는 1개 이상의 불소로 치환된 피리딘계 화합물을 포함하는, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염이 LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiB10Cl10, LiB(Ph)4, LiC4BO8, LiPF6, LiCF3SO3, LiCF3CO2, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, LiSO3CH3, LiSO3CF3, LiSCN, LiC(CF3SO2)3, LiN(CF3SO2)2, LiN(C2F5SO2)2, LiN(SO2F)2 및 저급 지방족 카르본산 리튬으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 리튬염이 0.1M 내지 5.0M의 농도로 포함되는 것인, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 선형 에테르가 디메틸 에테르, 디에틸 에테르, 디프로필 에테르, 디부틸 에테르, 디이소부틸 에테르, 에틸메틸 에테르, 에틸프로필 에테르, 에틸터트부틸 에테르, 디메톡시메탄, 트리메톡시메탄, 디메톡시에탄, 디에톡시에탄, 디메톡시프로판, 디에틸렌글리콜 디메틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜 디에틸에테르, 트리에틸렌글리콜 디메틸에테르, 테트라에틸렌글리콜 디메틸에테르, 에틸렌글리콜 디비닐에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜 디비닐에테르, 트리에틸렌글리콜 디비닐에테르, 디프로필렌 글리콜 디메틸렌 에테르, 부틸렌 글리콜 에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜 에틸메틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜 이소프로필메틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜 부틸메틸에테르, 디에틸렌글리콜 터트부틸에틸에테르, 및 에틸렌글리콜 에틸메틸에테르로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 것인, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고리형 에테르가 디옥솔란, 메틸디옥솔란, 디메틸디옥솔란, 비닐디옥솔란, 메톡시디옥솔란, 에틸메틸디옥솔란, 옥세인, 디옥세인, 트리옥세인, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 메틸테트라하이드로퓨란, 디메틸테트라하이드로퓨란, 디메톡시테트라히드로퓨란, 에톡시테트라히드로퓨란, 디하이드로피란, 테트라하이드로피란, 퓨란 및 2-메틸퓨란으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택되는 것인, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 선형 에테르와 고리형 에테르의 부피비가 9:1 내지 1:9인, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 첨가제가 2-플루오로피리딘(2-Fluoropyridine), 2,3-디플루오로피리딘(2,3-Difluoropyridine), 2,4-디플루오로피리딘(2,4-Difluoropyridine), 2,5-디플루오로피리딘(2,5-Difluoropyridine), 3,4-디플루오로피리딘(3,4-Difluoropyridine), 3,5-디플루오로피리딘(3,5-Difluoropyridine), 2,6-디플루오로피리딘(2,6-Difluoropyridine), 2,3,5,6-테트라플루오로피리딘(2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoropyridine) 및 펜타플루오로피리딘(Pentafluoropyridine)으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 첨가제의 함량이 전해액의 전체 중량에 대하여 0.1중량% 내지 10중량%인, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 피리딘계 화합물의 함량이 전해액의 전체 중량에 대하여 0.1중량% 내지 10중량%인, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 첨가제가 질산리튬, 질산칼륨, 질산세슘, 질산바륨, 질산암모늄, 아질산리튬, 아질산칼륨, 아질산세슘, 아질산암모늄, 메틸 니트레이트, 디알킬 이미다졸륨 니트레이트, 구아니딘 니트레이트, 이미다졸륨 니트레이트, 피리디늄 니트레이트, 에틸 니트라이트, 프로필 니트라이트, 부틸 니트라이트, 펜틸 니트라이트, 옥틸 니트라이트, 니트로메탄, 니트로프로판, 니트로부탄, 니트로벤젠, 디니트로벤젠, 니트로 피리딘, 디니트로피리딘, 니트로톨루엔, 디니트로톨루엔, 피리딘 N-옥사이드, 알킬피리딘 N-옥사이드, 및 테트라메틸 피페리디닐옥실로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 더 포함하는, 리튬-황 이차전지용 전해액.
- 양극;음극;상기 양극과 음극 사이에 개재되는 분리막; 및전해액을 포함하는 리튬-황 이차전지로서,상기 전해액이 제1항 내지 제11항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 전해액인, 리튬-황 이차전지.
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| WO2024048874A1 (ko) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-03-07 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 리튬-황 전지용 전해질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬-황 전지 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2025522931A (ja) * | 2022-07-19 | 2025-07-17 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | リチウム二次電池用非水系電解液およびそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| JP7886484B2 (ja) | 2022-07-19 | 2026-07-07 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | リチウム二次電池用非水系電解液およびそれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
| CN115832426A (zh) * | 2022-11-21 | 2023-03-21 | 西北工业大学 | 一种含添加剂的锂硫电池电解液及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12512514B2 (en) | 2025-12-30 |
| EP4106071A4 (en) | 2023-11-08 |
| EP4106071B1 (en) | 2026-04-29 |
| KR20220099654A (ko) | 2022-07-14 |
| KR102854277B1 (ko) | 2025-09-02 |
| US20230130655A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
| JP2023521315A (ja) | 2023-05-24 |
| EP4106071A1 (en) | 2022-12-21 |
| CN115398699A (zh) | 2022-11-25 |
| JP7464747B2 (ja) | 2024-04-09 |
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