WO2022160186A1 - 充电的方法和功率转换设备 - Google Patents

充电的方法和功率转换设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022160186A1
WO2022160186A1 PCT/CN2021/074175 CN2021074175W WO2022160186A1 WO 2022160186 A1 WO2022160186 A1 WO 2022160186A1 CN 2021074175 W CN2021074175 W CN 2021074175W WO 2022160186 A1 WO2022160186 A1 WO 2022160186A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
power
battery
conversion device
power conversion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074175
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李占良
但志敏
颜昱
孙卫平
熊淑云
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020217039412A priority Critical patent/KR102644606B1/ko
Priority to EP21816303.8A priority patent/EP4068561B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/074175 priority patent/WO2022160186A1/zh
Priority to CN202180061451.4A priority patent/CN116250160B/zh
Priority to JP2021574313A priority patent/JP7394888B2/ja
Priority to US17/547,691 priority patent/US12374916B2/en
Publication of WO2022160186A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022160186A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/971—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/975—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
    • H02J7/42—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data with electronic devices having internal batteries, e.g. mobile phones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/927—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage with introduction of pulses during the charging process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/971—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/975—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/977—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
    • H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
    • H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of power batteries, and more particularly, to a charging method and a power conversion device.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a charging method and a power conversion device, which can ensure the battery performance of a power battery.
  • a charging method includes: a power conversion device acquires a state parameter of a power battery, where the state parameter includes a battery temperature; when the battery temperature is lower than a first preset threshold, the power conversion device Set the charging mode to pulse charging mode; in this pulse charging mode, the power conversion device charges the power battery after converting the charging power of the charging pile, and the pulse charging mode is to output pulsed voltage or pulsed current charging mode.
  • the power conversion device obtains the battery temperature of the power battery, and when the battery temperature is low, for example, lower than the first preset threshold, the charging mode is set to the pulse charging mode, and the pulse charging In the mode, the power conversion device converts the charging power output by the charging pile and outputs pulse electricity to charge the power battery, so as to prevent the charging pile from directly charging the power battery at low temperature and affecting the performance of the power battery, so as to ensure the performance of the power battery. performance.
  • the method further includes: when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode; in the In the DC charging mode, the power conversion device transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery to charge the power battery, wherein the DC charging mode is a charging mode that outputs a constant voltage or a constant current.
  • the power conversion device continuously obtains the battery temperature of the power battery, and when the battery temperature is high, for example, not lower than the first preset threshold, switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode In the charging mode, the power conversion device directly transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery to charge the power battery and improve the charging efficiency of the power battery under non-low temperature. Therefore, through the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the power conversion The device can flexibly set its charging mode according to the battery temperature of the power battery, and improve the charging efficiency of the entire charging process on the premise of ensuring the performance of the power battery.
  • the state parameter further includes: a battery voltage; when the battery temperature is lower than a first preset threshold, the power conversion device sets the charging mode to a pulse charging mode, including: in the battery When the temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device sets the charging mode to the pulse charging mode.
  • the power conversion device obtains the battery voltage of the power battery in addition to the battery temperature of the power battery, and sets the charging mode to the pulse charging mode by combining the information of the battery temperature and the battery voltage. Further judging whether the power battery is in a low voltage state to be charged at low temperature can further ensure charging safety.
  • the state parameter further includes: a battery voltage, when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to DC charging mode, including: when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging model.
  • the power conversion device continuously obtains the battery temperature and battery voltage of the power battery, and switches its charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode by synthesizing the information of the battery temperature and the battery voltage.
  • the charging efficiency can be further improved by directly using direct current to charge the rechargeable battery.
  • the state parameter further includes the state of charge of the battery;
  • the power conversion device setting the charging mode to the pulse charging mode includes: the power conversion device sending the first DC charging information to the charging pile,
  • the first DC charging information is determined by the power conversion device according to pulse charging information, wherein the pulse charging information includes at least one of the following information: pulse current information, pulse voltage information, pulse direction information, pulse frequency information and pulse Time information, the pulse charging information is determined by the power conversion device according to the battery temperature and the battery state of charge;
  • the power conversion device converts the charging power of the charging pile and then converts the power battery Charging includes: the power conversion device outputs a pulse current to the power battery, wherein the pulse current converts and generates a DC current based on the pulse charging information, and the DC current is output by the charging pile to the power battery according to the first DC charging information.
  • DC current for power conversion equipment includes: the power conversion device sending the first DC charging information to the charging pile,
  • the first DC charging information is determined by the power conversion device according to pulse charging information, where
  • the power conversion device can determine the corresponding pulse charging information according to the state parameters of the power battery obtained by the power conversion device, and convert different pulse currents according to the pulse charging information, so as to adapt to the different situations of the power battery. Under different charging needs, it has high flexibility and adaptability.
  • the method before the power conversion device sets the charging mode to the pulse charging mode, the method further includes: the power conversion device sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, where the charging prohibition message is used to indicate the charging The charging pile stops outputting DC current to the power conversion device.
  • the method further includes: the power conversion device performs pre-charging.
  • the capacitors in the power conversion device are precharged. In this way, in the subsequent charging process of the power battery, the capacitor will not cause a large pulse current, so that the normal charging process and the charging safety can be ensured.
  • the precharging of the power conversion device includes: the power conversion device obtains a voltage difference between its input end and the output end; if the voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold, the power conversion device Precharge.
  • the power conversion equipment in order to protect the relays in the power conversion equipment and ensure the performance of the power conversion equipment, before the switch of the relay is controlled to precharge the power conversion equipment, the power conversion equipment can also obtain the input terminal and the power conversion equipment.
  • the voltage difference at the output terminal is used to determine whether the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold. If the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold, the power conversion device is precharged.
  • the power conversion device switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode, including: the power conversion device stops outputting pulse current to the power battery; the power conversion device obtains the power second DC charging information of the battery, and send the second DC charging information to the charging pile; the power conversion device transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery to charge the power battery, including: the power conversion device The DC current output by the charging pile according to the second DC charging information is output to the power battery to charge the power battery.
  • the method further includes: the power conversion device sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, where the charging prohibition message is used to indicate the The charging pile stops outputting DC current to the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device outputs the DC current output by the charging pile according to the second DC charging information to the power battery to charge the power battery, including: the power conversion device obtains its input terminal The voltage difference with the output terminal; if the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold, the power conversion device outputs the DC current output by the charging pile according to the second DC charging information to the power battery to charge the power battery.
  • the power conversion equipment in order to protect the relays in the power conversion equipment and ensure the performance of the power conversion equipment, before the switch of the relay is controlled to output the DC current output by the charging pile to the power battery, the power conversion equipment can also obtain The voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal is used to determine whether the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold. If the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold, the power conversion device outputs the DC current output by the charging pile to the power battery for Charge the power battery.
  • the power conversion device acquires the state parameters of the power battery, including: the power conversion device receives the state parameters of the power battery sent by the battery management system of the power battery.
  • a power conversion device including: a control unit and a power unit; the control unit is configured to acquire a state parameter of the power battery, the state parameter including the battery temperature of the power battery; when the battery temperature is lower than the first
  • the control unit is used to set the charging mode of the power unit to the pulse charging mode.
  • the power unit charges the power battery after converting the charging power of the charging pile.
  • the pulse charging mode is a charging mode using a pulsed voltage or a pulsed current.
  • control unit when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, is further configured to: switch the charging mode of the power unit from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode, and in In the DC charging mode, the power unit is used to transmit the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery to charge the power battery, wherein the DC charging mode is a charging mode using a constant voltage or a constant current.
  • the state parameter further includes: a battery voltage, when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit is used for the The charging mode of the power unit is set to the pulse charging mode.
  • the state parameter further includes: battery voltage, when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit uses in switching the charging mode of the power unit from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode.
  • the state parameter further includes a battery state of charge;
  • the control unit is configured to determine pulse charging information according to the battery temperature and the battery state of charge, and send the pulse charging information to the power unit,
  • the pulse charging information includes at least one of the following information: pulse current, pulse voltage, pulse direction, pulse frequency and pulse time;
  • the power unit is configured to determine the first direct current corresponding to the pulse charging information according to the pulse charging information charging information, and send the first DC charging information to the control unit;
  • the control unit is used to send the first DC charging information to the charging pile, and control the power unit to output pulse current to the power battery, wherein,
  • the pulse current is generated by converting a direct current based on the pulse charging information, and the direct current is the direct current output by the charging pile to the power unit according to the first direct current charging information.
  • control unit before the control unit is configured to set the charging mode of the power unit to the pulse charging mode, the control unit is further configured to: send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, wherein the charging prohibition The message is used to instruct the charging pile to stop outputting DC current to the power unit.
  • control unit is used to send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile
  • control unit is further used to send a precharge instruction to the power unit;
  • power unit is used to send a precharge instruction according to the precharge instruction Precharge.
  • control unit is used to obtain the voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the power unit; if the voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold, the control unit is used to send the power unit to the power unit Precharge command.
  • control unit is further configured to acquire the second DC charging information of the power battery; the control unit is configured to control the power unit to stop outputting pulse current; the control unit is configured to control the power unit to The power battery outputs the DC current output by the charging pile according to the second DC charging information.
  • control unit before the control unit is used to control the power unit to stop outputting the pulse current, the control unit is further used to: send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, where the charging prohibition message is used to indicate the charging The pile stops outputting DC current to the power unit.
  • control unit is used to obtain the voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the power unit; if the voltage difference is less than a fourth preset threshold, the control unit is used to control the power unit to The power battery outputs the DC current output by the charging pile according to the second DC charging information.
  • control unit is configured to receive the state parameters of the power battery sent by the battery management system of the power battery.
  • a power conversion device including a processor and a memory, where the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the processor is used for calling the computer program to execute any one of the above-mentioned first aspect and the first aspect. method in the implementation.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a charging system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application architecture of a charging system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic interactive flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic interactive flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic interaction flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic interactive flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic interaction flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic interaction flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic interaction flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic interaction flowchart of a charging method disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 is a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of a power conversion device disclosed in another embodiment of the present application.
  • thermal management systems In order to solve the problem of charging electric vehicles in a low temperature environment, most of the power batteries of electric vehicles on the market are equipped with thermal management systems.
  • the thermal management system can convert part of the electrical energy into thermal energy, thereby heating the entire battery pack.
  • This preheating method can keep the power battery at a relatively suitable temperature, and then charge the power battery on this basis.
  • this preheating method is to increase the temperature of the power battery before charging it.
  • the space for improving the heating efficiency is limited, and the heating time cannot be saved, which makes it impossible to fundamentally solve the problem that the charging time of electric vehicles in a low temperature environment is too long. long question.
  • configuring the thermal management system in the power battery will not only increase the weight of the power battery but also increase the cost of the power battery.
  • the present application proposes a new charging system and a charging method thereof, which do not need to use a thermal management system to preheat the power battery, and can also solve the above-mentioned problem of charging electric vehicles in a low temperature environment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a charging system to which the embodiments of the present application are applied.
  • the charging system can be applied to various types of electrical devices, including but not limited to electric vehicles and the like.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a charging system 10 in the present application.
  • the charging system 10 may include: a power conversion device 110 , a charging pile 120 and an electric vehicle 130 .
  • the charging pile 120 is a device for supplementing electric energy for the electric vehicle 130 (including pure electric vehicles and pluggable hybrid electric vehicles), and can be divided into two categories: AC charging piles and DC charging piles, wherein the DC charging pile
  • the charging pile directly charges the power battery of the electric vehicle by outputting adjustable DC power, and the output voltage and current can be adjusted in a wide range, which can meet the needs of fast charging.
  • the AC charging pile only provides power output and has no charging function.
  • the subsequent rectification and DC-DC (DC-DC) conversion are completed by the on-board charger, and the charging pile is used to play the role of a power controller.
  • the charging method of the present application is described by taking the charging pile as a DC charging pile as an example, and the related charging method of the vehicle-mounted charger may refer to the relevant description of the following embodiments.
  • the electric vehicle 130 may include a battery system, and the battery system may be provided with at least one battery pack to provide energy and power for the electric vehicle, and the at least one battery pack may be collectively referred to as a power battery.
  • the power battery can be a lithium-ion battery, a lithium-metal battery, a lead-acid battery, a nickel-separator battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a lithium-air battery, or a sodium-ion battery.
  • the power battery in the embodiment of the present application may be a battery cell/battery cell, or a battery module or a battery pack, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • a battery management system is generally provided in the battery system to monitor the power battery. status.
  • the BMS can be integrated with the power battery and provided in the same device/device, or the BMS can also be provided outside the power battery as an independent device/device.
  • a power conversion device 110 is newly added to the charging system 10 .
  • the power conversion device 110 can be electrically connected to the charging pile 120 and electrically connected to the battery system of the electric vehicle 130 .
  • the power conversion device 110 can be used as a power transfer between the charging pile 120 and the power battery of the electric vehicle 130 equipment.
  • the power conversion device 110 is configured to receive the first electrical energy of the first power type transmitted by the charging pile 120, convert it into the second electrical energy of the second power type different from the first power type, and then The second electrical energy is transmitted to the power battery of the electric vehicle 130 to realize power conversion.
  • the first electrical energy of the first power type transmitted by the charging pile 120 is direct current. Changes, power state changes, current, voltage, power timing changes, and other power types of second electrical energy are then transmitted to the power battery of the electric vehicle 130 to charge the power battery.
  • the power conversion device 110 as an independent power transfer device, is provided outside the charging pile 120 and the electric vehicle 130.
  • the charging pile 120 is provided with The first charging gun head
  • the power conversion device 110 is provided with a first charging socket corresponding to the first charging gun head, so as to receive the electric energy transmitted from the charging pile 120 .
  • the power conversion device 110 is also provided with a second charging gun head, and the second charging gun head is used for electrical connection with the second charging socket on the electric vehicle 110 to realize the power conversion device 110 to transmit electrical energy to the electric vehicle.
  • the specific type and structure of the second charging gun head on the power conversion device 110 may be the same as the one on the charging pile 120 .
  • the specific type and structure of the first charging gun head are the same, and correspondingly, the specific type and structure of the first charging socket on the power conversion device 110 may be the same as the specific type and structure of the second charging socket on the electric vehicle.
  • the second charging gun head and the first charging socket on the power conversion device 110 may also be different from the first charging gun head on the charging pile 120 and the second charging socket on the electric vehicle, which is not done in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the specific limitation is to realize the electrical connection between the charging gun head and its corresponding charging socket.
  • the power conversion device 110 can also be integrated in the charging pile 120 or integrated in the electric vehicle 130 , or in the power conversion device 110 .
  • Some functional modules are arranged on the charging pile 120, and another part of the functional modules are arranged on the electric vehicle 130.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific arrangement of the power conversion device 110, which is intended to be electrically connected to the charging pile 120 and the electric vehicle. Between 130 battery systems, the function of power conversion can be realized.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application architecture of the above-mentioned charging system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery system may be the battery system in the electric vehicle 130 in the above-mentioned charging system 10 , and the battery system includes a power battery 131 and a battery management system BMS 132 .
  • the power conversion device 110 may include a power unit 111 and a control unit 112 , and the power unit 111 is configured to convert the type of power output by the charging pile 120 to the type of power required by the power battery 131 .
  • the power unit 111 may include a power conversion module, and the power conversion module may include a pulse generating circuit for generating pulsed electricity to be supplied to the power battery 131 .
  • the power conversion module may further include a driving circuit, Communication circuits, processing circuits, and other functional circuits.
  • the control unit 112 may include a controller and/or a processor, which is responsible for detecting the state of the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130 during the charging process, and controlling the operation of the power unit 111 and other electrical components in the power conversion device.
  • the power unit 111 is respectively connected to the charging pile 120 and the power battery 131 through the high voltage line 150 , so as to convert the charging power output by the charging pile 120 through the high voltage line 150 and output it to the power battery 131 to charge the power battery 131 .
  • the power conversion modules in the power unit 111 are respectively connected to the positive output port (eg: DC positive output port DC+) and negative output port (eg: DC negative output port DC) of the charging pile through high voltage lines 150 . -), and connected to the positive output port and the negative output port of the power battery.
  • the power unit 111 further includes at least one relay, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 , includes a first relay K1 , a second relay K2 and a third relay K3 .
  • the power conversion module is connected to the charging pile 120 and the power battery 131 respectively through the second relay K2 and the third relay K3, and whether the power conversion module is connected to the charging pile 120 and the power battery can be controlled by controlling the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 131.
  • the charging pile 120 and the power battery 131 are connected to each other through the first relay K1.
  • the charging pile 120 outputs the charging The power can be directly transmitted to the power battery 131 without being converted by the power conversion module.
  • first relay K1 , the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 in FIG. 2 are only schematic circuit structures, which can also be replaced by other functional circuits, aiming to realize the power conversion module in the charging pile.
  • the optional connection between 120 and the power battery 131 is sufficient.
  • first relay K1 , the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 can be controlled by the control unit 112 in the power conversion device 110 .
  • first relay K1, the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 may not be included in the power unit 111, and the operating state of the power conversion module can be directly controlled by software, and the power conversion module can be connected between the charging pile 120 and the charging pile 120.
  • the optional connection between the power batteries 131 enables the power conversion device 110 to be in different charging modes.
  • the charging pile 120 and the BMS 132 can also be connected to the power conversion device 110 through the communication line 140 respectively, so as to realize the information exchange among the charging pile 120 , the BMS 132 and the power conversion device 110 .
  • the control unit 112 is respectively connected to the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130 through the communication line 140, so as to exchange information with the charging pile 120 and the BMS 130, respectively.
  • the control unit 112 is also connected to the power unit 111 through the communication line 140 to exchange information with the power unit 111 and control the power unit 111 to perform power conversion.
  • the communication line 140 includes, but is not limited to, a control area network (CAN) communication bus or a daisy chain communication bus.
  • CAN control area network
  • the charging pile 120, the BMS 132, and the power conversion device 110 may communicate based on the relevant protocol provisions of the communication physical layer, the data link layer, and the application layer of the CAN communication protocol or the daisy chain communication protocol.
  • the power conversion device 110 can receive and send the information between the charging pile 120 and the BMS 132 Under the communication protocol compatible with the current charging pile 120 and the BMS 132, the power conversion between the charging pile 120 and the BMS 132 is realized.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a charging method 200 proposed by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method 200 is applied to a power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device may be the power conversion device 110 in FIGS. 1 and 2 above.
  • the charging method 200 may include the following steps.
  • Step 210 The power conversion device acquires a state parameter of the power battery, where the state parameter includes the battery temperature.
  • the power battery may be the power battery 131 shown in FIG. 2 above.
  • the power battery generally includes at least one battery pack, and each battery pack may include a plurality of battery cells connected in series and parallel.
  • the battery temperature of the power battery includes, but is not limited to, the temperature of each battery cell.
  • the battery cell may also be referred to as a battery cell.
  • the BMS of the power battery such as the BMS 132 shown in FIG. 2
  • the BMS of the power battery is used to detect the state parameters of the power battery, such as the battery temperature of the power battery, and transmit it to the power conversion device , so that the power conversion device obtains the state parameters of the power battery.
  • the communication between the BMS and the power conversion device may be implemented based on CAN.
  • the battery temperature of the power battery may be the lowest power battery temperature in a power battery state message (battery state message, BSM) sent by the BMS.
  • BSM power battery state message
  • the communication between the BMS and the power conversion device may also be based on other communication protocols, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device can also obtain the state parameters of the power battery in other ways.
  • other control units other than the BMS in the power vehicle are used to obtain the state parameters of the power battery, and then use The control unit is transmitted to the power conversion device; or, as another example, the BMS or other control unit in the electric vehicle stores the state parameter of the power battery in the storage unit or the cloud, and the power conversion device obtains from the storage unit or the cloud.
  • the battery state parameter the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific manner in which the power conversion device obtains the state parameter of the power battery.
  • Step 220 When the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device sets the charging mode to the pulse charging mode.
  • the pulse charging mode is a charging mode using a pulsed voltage or a pulsed current.
  • the power conversion device can generate a pulsed voltage or a pulsed current.
  • the operating state of each functional module in the power conversion device can be controlled, so that the power conversion device can convert the DC power it receives from the charging pile into pulsed electricity.
  • the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 can be controlled to be closed, so that the power conversion module is connected between the charging pile 120 and the power battery 131 , so that the power conversion device 110 is capable of converting the DC power it receives from the charging pile 120 into pulsed power.
  • the above-mentioned first preset threshold can be any preset value, which is intended to indicate that the power battery is in a low temperature state, and the first preset threshold can be based on the geographic location of the power battery, its battery type, attribute parameters, and The relevant factors such as the system architecture where the power battery is located are set correspondingly, and the specific values thereof are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the first preset threshold may be any value lower than 10 degrees Celsius (°C), for example, the first preset threshold may be 5°C.
  • Step 230 In the pulse charging mode, the power conversion device charges the power battery after converting the charging power of the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device is used to convert the charging power of the charging pile, and output the converted charging power to the power battery to charge the power battery.
  • the charging power converted by the power conversion device is a pulse charging voltage or a pulse charging current.
  • the power conversion device obtains the battery temperature of the power battery, and when the battery temperature is low, for example, lower than the first preset threshold, the charging mode is set to the pulse charging mode, In this pulse charging mode, the power conversion device converts the charging power output by the charging pile and outputs pulse electricity to charge the power battery, preventing direct charging of the power battery at low temperature from affecting the performance of the power battery, thereby ensuring power battery performance.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application there is no need to configure a thermal management system for the power battery, and on the basis of reducing the overall cost of the power battery, the heating time of the power battery at low temperature is saved, and the charging efficiency is improved.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of another charging method 300 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging method 300 may include the following steps.
  • Step 310 The power conversion device acquires battery state parameters of the power battery, where the state parameters include battery temperature and battery voltage.
  • Step 320 When the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device sets the charging mode to the pulse charging mode.
  • Step 330 In the pulse charging mode, the power conversion device charges the power battery after converting the charging power of the charging pile.
  • step 310 is compared with step 210 above, in that the power conversion device not only obtains the battery temperature of the power battery, but also obtains the battery voltage of the power battery.
  • the power conversion device obtains the battery voltage of the power battery in addition to the battery temperature of the power battery, and executes the subsequent charging mode setting stage by integrating various information to improve the safety performance of charging.
  • the battery voltage of the power battery includes, but is not limited to, the voltage of each battery cell in the power battery, and/or the total voltage of the entire power battery.
  • the BMS of the power battery is used to detect the battery voltage of the power battery and transmit it to the power conversion device, so that the power The conversion device obtains the battery voltage of the power battery.
  • the battery voltage of the power battery can be transmitted to the power conversion device through a battery charge state (BCS) message.
  • BCS battery charge state
  • the power conversion device sets the charging mode to the pulse charging mode.
  • the second preset threshold may be a preset arbitrary value, which is intended to indicate that the power battery is in a state to be charged with a lower voltage
  • the second preset threshold may be set as: Different numerical values are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • step 330 in this embodiment of the present application, reference may be made to the relevant description of step 230 above, and details are not repeated here.
  • the power conversion device obtains the battery voltage of the power battery in addition to the battery temperature of the power battery, and sets the charging mode to the pulse charging mode by combining the information of the battery temperature and the battery voltage. Further judging whether the power battery is in a low voltage state to be charged at low temperature can further ensure charging safety.
  • the power conversion device in addition to acquiring the battery temperature and battery voltage of the power battery, can also acquire other state parameters of the power battery, and further set its charging mode to Pulse charging mode.
  • other state parameters of the power battery include but are not limited to: battery current, battery state of charge (SOC), estimated remaining charging time and other related parameters.
  • SOC can be regarded as a thermodynamic quantity, which can be used to evaluate the potential electric energy of the battery.
  • the power conversion device sets its charging mode to the pulse charging mode, and converts the output power of the charging pile and outputs it to the power battery. Further, on this basis, the power conversion device can also switch its charging mode to a DC charging mode, and directly transmit the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic flowchart of another charging method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the above charging method 200 may further include the following steps.
  • Step 240 When the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode.
  • Step 250 In the DC charging mode, the power conversion device transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery.
  • the above steps 240 and 250 occur after step 230 in FIG. 3 .
  • the battery temperature obtained by the power conversion device in the current state is not lower than the first preset threshold, it means that the current
  • the power battery is in a non-low temperature state, and the charging mode of the power conversion device can be switched from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode.
  • the power conversion device In the DC charging mode, the power conversion device directly transmits the charging power output by the charging pile to the power battery.
  • the power battery is charged, wherein the DC charging mode is a charging mode that outputs a constant voltage or a constant current, in other words, the charging power of the charging pile is a constant voltage or a constant current.
  • the software program and/or hardware circuit in the power conversion device can be controlled to control the operating state of each functional module in the power conversion device, so that the power conversion device can directly output the DC power received from the charging pile to the power battery .
  • the direct electrical connection between the charging pile 120 and the power battery 131 is realized.
  • the connection enables the power conversion device 110 to directly output the DC power it receives from the charging pile 120 to the power battery 131 .
  • the power conversion module can also be controlled to stop running, so as to further enhance the reliability and flexibility in the charging mode switching process.
  • the power conversion device continuously obtains the battery temperature of the power battery, and when the battery temperature is high, for example, not lower than the first preset threshold, switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode In the charging mode, the power conversion device directly transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery to charge the power battery and improve the charging efficiency of the power battery under non-low temperature. Therefore, through the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the power conversion The device can flexibly set its charging mode according to the battery temperature of the power battery, and improve the charging efficiency of the entire charging process on the premise of ensuring the performance of the power battery.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic flowchart of another charging method 300 provided by this embodiment of the present application.
  • the above charging method 300 may further include the following steps.
  • Step 340 When the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device switches the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode.
  • Step 350 In the DC charging mode, the power conversion device transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery.
  • steps 340 and 350 occur after step 330 in FIG. 4 above. If the battery temperature obtained by the power conversion device in the current state is not lower than the first preset threshold, it means that the current power battery In a non-low temperature state, or, if the battery voltage obtained by the power conversion device in the current state is not lower than the second preset threshold, it means that the current power battery is not in a state to be charged, or is in a state to be charged with a higher voltage, you can
  • the charging mode of the power conversion device is switched from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode. In the DC charging mode, the charging pile charges the power battery through the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device continuously obtains the battery temperature and battery voltage of the power battery, and switches its charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode by synthesizing the information of the battery temperature and the battery voltage.
  • the charging efficiency can be further improved by directly using direct current to charge the rechargeable battery.
  • the power Converting a device when the power conversion device is in the pulse charging mode, if it is detected that the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the power Converting a device requires switching its charging mode from pulse charging to DC charging.
  • the initial state of the power conversion device that is, when the power conversion device is not set to a charging mode, if the battery temperature of the power battery obtained by the power conversion device at this time is not lower than the first preset threshold, or the battery If the voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device can directly set its charging mode to the DC charging mode.
  • the power conversion device in some cases, if the power conversion device is in the initial state, the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, or the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold. And when the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device directly sets its charging mode to the pulse charging mode. In other cases, if the power conversion device is in the DC charging mode, when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, or when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device The charging mode can be switched from DC charging mode to pulse charging mode.
  • the technical solution of adjusting the charging mode of the power conversion device at any time according to the state parameters of the power battery during the whole charging process can be realized.
  • pulse charging of the power battery at low temperature and DC charging of the power battery at non-low temperature can be realized, which can flexibly adapt to different charging environments and improve charging efficiency.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic flowchart of a charging method 400 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging method 400 may include the following steps.
  • Step 410 The battery management system BMS sends battery state parameters of the power battery to the power conversion device, where the state parameters include battery temperature and battery state of charge.
  • the battery management system BMS not only sends the battery temperature of the power battery to the power conversion device, but also sends the battery state of charge SOC of the power battery, which can more accurately reflect the remaining power in the power battery.
  • the battery management system BMS may also send other parameters such as the battery voltage of the power battery to the power conversion device.
  • the battery temperature of the power battery can be sent to the power conversion device through a power battery status message (BSM), and parameters such as battery state of charge SOC and battery voltage of the power battery can be charged through the battery.
  • BSM power battery status message
  • BCS battery state of charge SOC and battery voltage of the power battery
  • Step 421 When the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device determines the pulse charging information according to the state parameter.
  • the power conversion device can adapt to both the current temperature of the power battery and the power supply according to the pulse charging information jointly determined by the battery temperature and the SOC SOC of the battery.
  • the power conversion device when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device is based on the pulse charging information jointly determined by the battery temperature and the SOC.
  • a mapping relationship between the battery temperature, the SOC, and the pulse charging information may be determined, and the specific pulse charging information may be determined according to the mapping relationship.
  • the mapping relationship may be a mapping relationship obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data, with high reliability and accuracy, and the mapping relationship may specifically be a mapping table, a mapping diagram or a mapping formula, and the like.
  • a dedicated neural network model can be trained according to a large amount of experimental data, and the neural network model can output pulse charging information according to the input battery temperature and SOC.
  • the above-mentioned pulse charging information includes but is not limited to: the effective value of the pulse current, the peak value of the pulse current, the pulse voltage, the pulse direction, the pulse frequency, the pulse interval, and the pulse duration.
  • Step 422 The power conversion device determines the first DC charging information according to the pulse charging information.
  • the power conversion device may calculate first DC charging information corresponding to the pulse charging information according to the pulse charging information, and the first DC charging information may include at least one of the following information: charging demand voltage, charging demand current and charging demand patterns.
  • the charging demand mode may be a constant current mode or a constant voltage mode.
  • Step 423 The power conversion device sends the first DC charging information to the charging pile.
  • the first DC charging information may be sent to the charging pile as a charging requirement of the BMS.
  • the power conversion device may send the first DC charging information through a battery charging demand (BCL) message.
  • BCL battery charging demand
  • the first DC charging information may also be sent to the charging pile through other messages, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the message type and sending method.
  • the above steps 421 to 423 may be the implementations included in the above step 220 in FIG. 3 .
  • Step 431 The charging pile outputs a DC current to the power conversion device.
  • Step 432 The power conversion device converts the DC current to generate a pulse current.
  • Step 433 The power conversion device outputs a pulse current to the power battery.
  • the above steps 431 to 433 may be the implementations included in the above step 230 in FIG. 3 .
  • the charging pile outputs a DC current to the power conversion device, and the power conversion device is used to convert the DC current to generate a pulse current, and output it to the power battery, so as to realize the pulse charging of the power battery, wherein,
  • the pulse current is a pulse current generated by converting a direct current based on the above-mentioned pulse charging information.
  • the DC current is the DC current output by the charging pile to the power conversion device according to the above-mentioned first DC charging information.
  • the power conversion device can determine the corresponding pulse charging information according to the state parameters of the power battery obtained by the power conversion device, and convert different pulse currents according to the pulse charging information, so as to adapt to the different situations of the power battery. Under different charging needs, it has high flexibility and adaptability.
  • the charging method 400 described above in FIG. 7 can be a schematic flowchart of a method for setting the charging mode to the pulse charging mode for the power conversion device in the initial stage, that is, when the charging mode is not set.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a charging method 500 according to another embodiment of the present application Sex Flowchart.
  • the charging method 500 may include the following steps.
  • Step 510 The battery management system BMS sends battery state parameters of the power battery to the power conversion device, where the state parameters include battery temperature and battery state of charge.
  • the battery management system BMS can also send other parameters such as the battery voltage of the power battery to the power conversion device.
  • this step 510 for the relevant technical solution of this step 510, reference may be made to the relevant description of the above step 410 in FIG. 7 , which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 521 When the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the charging prohibition message is used to instruct the charging pile to stop outputting direct current to the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device may send a battery charging demand message (BCL) to the charging pile.
  • BCL battery charging demand message
  • the demanded voltage may be the total voltage of the power battery
  • the demanded current is set to be The minimum output current of the charging pile, for example, the current value of 10A.
  • the power conversion device before the power conversion device sends the charging prohibition message to the charging pile, it first sends a small demand current to the charging pile, and then prohibits the output of the charging pile, so as to prevent the charging prohibition message from being directly sent to the charging pile. Faster prohibits the output current of the charging pile, and has less impact on the entire charging system.
  • Step 522 The power conversion device obtains the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal, and determines whether the voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold.
  • the switch control of the relay is involved.
  • the difference is too large, it is easy to cause damage to the relay and affect the normal operation of the power conversion equipment. Therefore, in order to protect the relay and ensure the performance of the power conversion equipment, before controlling the switch of the relay, the power conversion equipment can also obtain the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal, and judge whether the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold, if the When the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold, the power conversion device performs subsequent actions.
  • the power conversion device stops outputting, or may wait for a period of time until the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold.
  • the third preset threshold includes, but is not limited to, 10V.
  • the power conversion device can directly detect the voltage difference between its input and output terminals, or, in other embodiments, the power conversion device can receive the voltage value sent by the power battery and the voltage sent by the charging pile.
  • the voltage value sent by the power battery is taken as the voltage of its output terminal
  • the voltage value sent by the charging pile is taken as the voltage of its input terminal.
  • the charging mode of the power conversion device is switched from the DC charging mode to the pulse charging mode, when the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal of the power conversion device is less than the third preset threshold, the state of the relay in the power conversion device changes. For example, the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 in FIG. 2 are closed, and then the precharging step below is performed.
  • Step 523 The power conversion device is precharged.
  • the power conversion module of the power conversion device there are large-capacity capacitors in the charging high-voltage circuit at the input end and the output end.
  • the high voltage in the charging high-voltage circuit will affect the large-capacity capacitor.
  • the capacitor is charged and a large pulse current is generated. High pulsed currents can damage power conversion equipment or components in power batteries, such as high voltage contactors.
  • the capacitors in the power conversion device need to be precharged first.
  • the capacitor can be precharged by using the battery voltage of the power battery, so that in the subsequent charging process of the power battery, the capacitor will not cause a large pulse current, so that the normal charging process and charging can be ensured. Safety.
  • the first relay K1 in FIG. 2 is disconnected to disconnect the DC connection between the charging pile and the power battery.
  • Step 524 The power conversion device determines pulse charging information according to the state parameter.
  • Step 525 The power conversion device determines the first DC charging information according to the pulse charging information.
  • Step 526 The power conversion device sends the first DC charging information and the charging permission message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device in addition to sending the first DC charging information to the charging pile, the power conversion device also sends a charging permission message to the charging pile, where the charging permission message is used to indicate that the charging pile can output DC current.
  • Step 531 The charging pile outputs a DC current to the power conversion device.
  • Step 532 The power conversion device converts the DC current to generate a pulse charging current.
  • Step 533 The power conversion device outputs a pulse charging current to the power battery.
  • a related technical solution for switching the charging mode of the power conversion device from the DC charging mode to the pulse charging mode in the embodiment of the present application is described above with reference to FIG. 8 .
  • the following describes a related technical solution for switching the charging mode of the power conversion device from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode in the embodiment of the present application with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic flowchart of a charging method 600 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging method 600 may include the following steps.
  • Step 611 The battery management system BMS sends the second DC charging information of the power battery to the power conversion device.
  • the battery management system BMS can send the second DC charging information of the power battery to the power conversion device through a battery charging requirement (BCL) message, where the second DC charging information is the battery management system BMS according to the information.
  • the charging information determined by the current state parameter of the power battery, the second DC charging information may include at least one of the following information: charging demand voltage, charging demand current and charging demand mode.
  • the charging demand mode may be a constant current mode or a constant voltage mode.
  • the first DC charging information may also be sent to the power conversion device through other messages, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the message type and sending manner.
  • Step 612 The battery management system BMS sends the battery state parameter of the power battery to the power conversion device, where the state parameter includes the battery temperature and the battery state of charge.
  • the battery management system BMS can also send other parameters such as the battery voltage of the power battery to the power conversion device.
  • step 612 for the relevant technical solution of this step 612, reference may be made to the relevant description of the above step 410 in FIG. 7 , which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 621 When the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device stops outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • the battery temperature when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, it means that the current state of the power battery can receive DC power, and the DC charging will not affect the power battery.
  • the power conversion device stops sending power to the power battery.
  • the battery outputs pulse electricity, and outputs direct current to the power battery in subsequent steps, so that when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the charging speed and charging efficiency of the power battery are improved.
  • the power conversion device stops outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • the operation state of the functional modules in the power conversion device can be controlled through communication signaling and a software program, so that the power conversion device stops outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • the relay in the power conversion device can also be controlled to realize that the power conversion device stops outputting the pulse current to the power battery.
  • the relay in the power conversion device can stop outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • the power conversion device can stop outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • Step 622 The power conversion device sends the second DC charging information to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device directly forwards the second DC charging information sent by the battery management system BMS to the charging pile, for example, forwards the battery charging requirement (BCL) message to the charging pile.
  • BCL battery charging requirement
  • the above-mentioned steps 612 and 622 may be the implementations included in the above-mentioned step 240 in FIG. 5 .
  • Step 631 The charging pile outputs DC current to the power battery through the power conversion device.
  • the conversion device outputs DC current to the power battery, in other words, it can also be understood that the power conversion device directly transmits the DC current of the charging pile to the power battery.
  • the DC current output by the charging pile is the DC current output by the charging pile according to the above-mentioned second DC charging information, which can meet the charging requirement of the power battery.
  • the above-mentioned step 631 may be an implementation manner included in the above-mentioned step 250 in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic flowchart of a charging method 700 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the charging method 700 may include the following steps.
  • Step 711 The battery management system BMS sends the second DC charging information of the power battery to the power conversion device.
  • Step 712 The battery management system BMS sends battery state parameters of the power battery to the power conversion device, where the state parameters include battery temperature and battery state of charge.
  • the battery management system BMS can also send other parameters such as the battery voltage of the power battery to the power conversion device.
  • Step 721 When the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the power conversion device sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the charging prohibition message is used to instruct the charging pile to stop outputting direct current to the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the power conversion device sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device may send a battery charging demand message (BCL) to the charging pile.
  • BCL battery charging demand message
  • the demanded voltage may be the total voltage of the power battery
  • the demanded current is set to be The minimum output current of the charging pile, for example, the current value of 10A.
  • the power conversion device before the power conversion device stops outputting pulse current to the power battery, it first sends a small demand current to the charging pile, and then prohibits the output of the charging pile, so as to prevent the charging prohibition message from being directly sent to the charging pile. Faster prohibits the output current of the charging pile, and has less impact on the entire charging system.
  • Step 722 The power conversion device stops outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • the functional modules in the power conversion device can be controlled to stop working, so that the power conversion device stops outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • Step 723 The power conversion device obtains the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal, and determines whether the voltage difference is less than a fourth preset threshold.
  • the power conversion equipment in order to protect the relay and ensure the performance of the power conversion equipment, before controlling the switch of the relay, the power conversion equipment can also obtain the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal, and judge whether the voltage difference is smaller than the fourth preset threshold, if the When the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold, the power conversion device performs subsequent actions.
  • the power conversion device stops outputting, or may wait for a period of time until the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold.
  • the fourth preset threshold includes, but is not limited to, 10V.
  • the charging mode of the power conversion device is switched from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode, when the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal of the power conversion device is less than the fourth preset threshold, the state of the relay in the power conversion device changes. For example, the first relay K1 in FIG. 2 is closed, and the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 are opened.
  • Step 724 The power conversion device sends the second DC charging information and the charging permission message to the charging pile.
  • the power conversion device in addition to sending the second DC charging information to the charging pile, the power conversion device also sends a charging permission message to the charging pile, where the charging permission message is used to indicate that the charging pile can output DC current.
  • Step 731 The charging pile outputs DC current to the power battery through the power conversion device.
  • the power conversion device when the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal of the power conversion device is less than the fourth preset threshold, the power conversion device outputs the DC current output by the charging pile according to the above-mentioned second DC charging information to the power battery to Charging the power battery can meet the charging needs of the power battery.
  • the power conversion device may be the power conversion device 110 in FIG. 2 , including a control unit 112 and a power unit 111 .
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for charging a power conversion device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device is used for power conversion between a charging pile and a power battery, and the power conversion device includes a control unit and a power unit.
  • FIG. 11 shows another schematic flowchart of the charging method 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above step 210 may include: Step 211 : the control unit acquires a battery state parameter of the power battery, where the state parameter includes the battery temperature.
  • the above step 220 may include: Step 221 : when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the control unit sets the charging mode of the power unit to the pulse charging mode.
  • the control unit controls the operation of the power unit, so that the power unit can generate a pulsed voltage or a pulsed current.
  • control unit controls a software program and/or hardware circuit in the power unit, thereby controlling the operating state of the power unit, so that the power unit can convert the direct current power it receives from the charging pile into pulse power.
  • the control unit controls the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 to close, and controls the first relay K1 to open, so as to realize the connection of the power conversion module to the charging pile 120 and the power Between the batteries 131, the power conversion module operates and converts the DC power received from the charging pile into pulse power.
  • the above step 230 may include: Step 231 : in the pulse charging mode, the power unit charges the power battery after converting the charging power of the charging pile.
  • the power unit in the power conversion device is used to convert the charging power of the charging pile, and output the converted charging power to the power battery to charge the power battery.
  • the charging power converted by the power conversion device is a pulse charging voltage or a pulse charging current.
  • the power conversion device uses the pulse charging mode to charge the power battery through the cooperation of the control unit and the power unit.
  • the control unit uses the pulse charging mode to charge the power battery through the cooperation of the control unit and the power unit.
  • the above step 240 may include: Step 241 : when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the control unit switches the charging mode of the power unit from the pulse charging mode to DC charging mode.
  • the control unit controls the operation of the power unit, so that the power unit can output a constant voltage or a constant current.
  • control unit can control the operating state of each functional module in the power unit by controlling the software program and/or hardware circuit in the power unit, so that the power unit can directly output the DC power received from the charging pile to the power battery.
  • control unit can control the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 to open, and control the first relay K1 to close, so as to realize the direct connection between the charging pile 120 and the power battery 131 .
  • the electrical connection is so that the power unit 111 can directly output the DC power it receives from the charging pile 120 to the power battery 131 .
  • control unit may further control the power conversion module to stop running, so as to further enhance the reliability and flexibility in the charging mode switching process.
  • the above step 250 may include: Step 251 : in the DC charging mode, the power unit transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery.
  • Step 311 the control unit acquires battery state parameters of the power battery, the state parameters including battery temperature and battery voltage.
  • the above step 320 may include: Step 321 : when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit sets the charging mode of the power unit to the pulse charging mode.
  • the above step 330 may include: Step 331: In the pulse charging mode, the power unit charges the power battery after converting the charging power of the charging pile.
  • the above step 340 may include: Step 341: when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit switches the charging mode of the power unit from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode model.
  • the above step 350 may include: Step 351: In the DC charging mode, the power unit transmits the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery.
  • the power conversion device switches the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode to charge the power battery through the cooperation of the control unit and the power unit.
  • the control unit switches the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode to charge the power battery through the cooperation of the control unit and the power unit.
  • FIG. 12 shows another schematic flowchart of the charging method 400 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above step 410 may include: Step 4101 : the battery management system BMS sends the battery state parameter of the power battery to the control unit, the state parameter includes the battery temperature and the battery state of charge.
  • the battery management system BMS may also send other parameters such as the battery voltage of the power battery to the control unit.
  • the battery temperature of the power battery can be sent to the control unit through a power battery status message (BSM), and parameters such as the battery state of charge SOC and battery voltage of the power battery can be sent to the control unit through the battery state of charge message (BSM).
  • BSM power battery status message
  • BSM battery state of charge message
  • a message (BCS) is sent to the control unit.
  • the above step 421 may include: Step 4211 : when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the control unit determines the pulse charging information according to the state parameter.
  • the control unit can adapt to both the current temperature of the power battery and the power battery according to the pulse charging information jointly determined by the battery temperature and the SOC. SOC.
  • the control unit determines the pulse charging information jointly determined by the battery temperature and the SOC.
  • the above step 422 may include: Step 4221 : the control unit sends the pulse charging information to the power unit.
  • control unit may determine the pulse charging information according to the battery temperature and the SOC in many ways.
  • the mapping relationship between the battery temperature, the SOC and the pulse charging information may be determined, and according to the mapping relationship, the specific pulse charging information may be determined.
  • Charging information wherein the mapping relationship can be a mapping relationship obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data, and has high reliability and accuracy.
  • a dedicated neural network model can be trained according to a large amount of experimental data, and the neural network model can output pulse charging information according to the input battery temperature and SOC.
  • Step 4222 The power unit determines the first DC charging information according to the pulse charging information.
  • the power unit may determine first DC charging information corresponding to the pulse charging information according to the pulse charging information, and the first DC charging information may include at least one of the following information: charging demand voltage, charging demand current and charging demand patterns.
  • the charging demand mode may be a constant current mode or a constant voltage mode.
  • Step 4223 The power unit sends the first DC charging information to the control unit.
  • the above step 423 may include: Step 4231: The control unit sends the first DC charging information to the charging pile.
  • control unit forwards the first DC charging information it receives from the power unit to the charging pile.
  • the first DC charging information may be sent to the charging pile as a charging requirement of the BMS.
  • the control unit may send the first DC charging information through a battery charging demand (BCL) message.
  • BCL battery charging demand
  • the first DC charging information may also be sent to the charging pile through other messages, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the message type and sending method.
  • the above step 431 may include: Step 4311 : the charging pile outputs a DC current to the power unit.
  • the above step 432 may include: Step 4321: The control unit sends a start output message to the power unit.
  • the start-up output message is used to instruct the power unit to start running, so as to implement the subsequent step 4322 .
  • Step 4322 The power unit converts the DC current into a pulsed current.
  • the above step 433 may include: Step 4331 : the power unit outputs a pulse current to the power battery.
  • FIG. 13 shows another schematic flowchart of the charging method 500 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above step 510 may include: Step 5101 : the battery management system BMS sends battery state parameters of the power battery to the control unit, where the state parameters include battery temperature and battery state of charge.
  • the above step 521 may include: Step 5211 : when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the control unit sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the control unit when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the control unit may send a battery charging demand message (BCL) to the charging pile.
  • BCL battery charging demand message
  • the demanded voltage may be the total voltage of the power battery, and the demanded current is set to be the charging point.
  • the minimum output current of the pile for example, the current value of 10A.
  • the above step 522 may include: Step 5221: The control unit obtains the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal, and determines whether the voltage difference is less than a third preset threshold.
  • the control unit in this step, in the process of switching the charging mode of the power unit from the DC charging mode to the pulse charging mode, the control unit involves the switch control of the relay, due to the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal of the power unit. If it is too large, it is easy to cause damage to the relay and affect the normal operation of the power conversion equipment. Therefore, in order to protect the relay and ensure the performance of the power conversion equipment, before controlling the switch of the relay, the control unit can also obtain the voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the power unit, and determine whether the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold, if The voltage difference is smaller than the third preset threshold, and the control unit performs subsequent actions. If the voltage difference is not less than the third preset threshold, the control unit controls the power unit to stop outputting, or may wait for a period of time until the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold.
  • control unit can directly detect the voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the power unit, or, in other embodiments, the control unit can receive the voltage value sent by the power battery and the voltage sent by the charging pile.
  • the voltage value sent by the power battery is used as the voltage at the output end of the power unit
  • the voltage value sent by the charging pile is used as the voltage at the input end of the power unit.
  • the charging mode of the power unit is switched from the DC charging mode to the pulse charging mode, when the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal of the power unit is less than the third preset threshold, the state of the relay in the power conversion device changes, for example , the second relay K2 and the third relay K3 in FIG. 2 are closed to electrically connect the power unit with the charging pile and the power battery.
  • the above step 523 may include the following steps.
  • Step 5231 The control unit sends a precharge command to the power unit.
  • Step 5232 The power unit is precharged.
  • Step 5233 The power unit sends its precharge status to the control unit.
  • Step 5234 The control unit determines whether the pre-charging of the power unit is successful.
  • the control unit sends a precharging command to the power unit.
  • the power unit starts precharging according to the precharging instruction, and the precharging includes: charging a capacitor in the power unit.
  • the power unit sends its pre-charging status to the control unit in real time, and the control unit judges whether the pre-charging of the power unit is successful according to the pre-charging status. Then control the power unit to stop output.
  • control unit controls the first relay K1 in FIG. 2 to be disconnected, so as to disconnect the DC connection between the charging pile and the power battery.
  • the above step 524 may include: Step 5241 : the control unit determines the pulse charging information according to the state parameter.
  • the above step 525 can be the next step.
  • Step 5251 The control unit sends pulse charging information to the power unit.
  • Step 5252 The power unit determines the first DC charging information according to the pulse charging information.
  • Step 5253 The power unit sends the first DC charging information to the control unit.
  • the above step 526 may include: Step 5261: The control unit sends the first DC charging information to the charging pile.
  • the above step 531 may include: Step 5311 : the charging pile outputs a DC current to the power unit.
  • step 532 may include: step 5321: the control unit sends a start output message to the power unit; step 5322: the power unit converts the DC current into a pulse current.
  • the above step 533 may include: Step 5331 : the power unit outputs a pulse current to the power battery.
  • FIG. 14 shows another schematic flowchart of the charging method 600 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above step 611 may include: Step 6111 : the battery management system BMS sends the second DC charging information of the power battery to the control unit.
  • the battery management system BMS may send the second DC charging information of the power battery to the control unit through a battery charging demand (BCL) message.
  • BCL battery charging demand
  • the first DC charging information may also be sent to the control unit through other messages, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the message type and sending manner.
  • the above step 612 may include: Step 6121: The battery management system BMS sends the battery state parameter of the power battery to the control unit, where the state parameter includes the battery temperature and the battery state of charge.
  • the battery management system BMS can also send other parameters such as the battery voltage of the power battery to the control unit.
  • the above step 621 may include: Step 6211 : when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the control unit sends an output prohibition message to the power unit.
  • the control unit when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the control unit sends an output prohibition message to the power unit to control the power unit to stop outputting pulse current.
  • the control unit when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, or when the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit sends an output prohibiting message to the power unit to Control the power unit to stop outputting pulse current to the power battery.
  • the output prohibition message may include multiple types, for example, may include a suspend output message and a stop output message, wherein the suspend output message is used to instruct the power unit to temporarily stop outputting the pulse current, and the power unit is in this state, If it receives the start output message, it can resume the output pulse current.
  • the stop output message is used to instruct the capacitor in the power unit to perform a power-off and discharge process, and the power unit enters a sleep state.
  • the output prohibiting message and the enabling output message sent by the control unit to the power unit above are carried in the same type of message.
  • the start output message is represented as "1”
  • the output prohibition message is represented as "2”
  • the output stop message is represented as "3”.
  • the above step 622 may include: Step 6221: The control unit sends the second DC charging information to the charging pile.
  • the above step 631 may include: Step 6311: The charging pile outputs DC current to the power battery through the power unit.
  • FIG. 15 shows another schematic flowchart of the charging method 700 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the above step 711 may include: Step 7111 : the battery management system BMS sends the second DC charging information of the power battery to the power conversion device.
  • the above step 712 may include: Step 7121: The battery management system BMS sends the battery state parameter of the power battery to the control unit, where the state parameter includes the battery temperature and the battery state of charge.
  • the battery management system BMS can also send other parameters such as the battery voltage of the power battery to the control unit.
  • the above step 721 may include: Step 7211 : when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold, the control unit sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the control unit when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit sends a charging prohibition message to the charging pile.
  • the control unit may send a battery charging demand message (BCL) to the charging pile.
  • BCL battery charging demand message
  • the demanded voltage may be the total voltage of the power battery, and the demanded current is set to be charging.
  • the minimum output current of the pile for example, the current value of 10A.
  • the above step 722 may include: Step 7221 : the control unit sends an output prohibition message to the power unit.
  • control unit sends an output prohibiting message to the power unit to control the power unit to stop outputting the pulse current.
  • the above step 723 may include: Step 7231: The control unit obtains the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal of the power unit, and determines whether the voltage difference is less than a fourth preset threshold.
  • the control unit continues to perform subsequent actions; if the voltage difference is not less than the fourth preset threshold, the control unit can continue to wait until the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold, where In this case, if the waiting time of the control unit is greater than a certain threshold, the control unit may send a charging stop message to the power unit, so that the capacitor in the power unit is powered off and discharged.
  • the state of the relay in the power conversion device changes, for example, the first relay K1 in FIG. 2 is closed, the second relay K2 and the third relay K1 are closed.
  • the relay K3 is disconnected to disconnect the electrical connection between the power unit and the charging pile, as well as the electrical connection between the power unit and the power battery, and directly electrically connect the charging pile and the power battery.
  • step 7241 is performed.
  • the above step 724 may include: Step 7241: The control unit sends the second DC charging information and the charging permission message to the charging pile.
  • the above step 731 may include: Step 7311 : the charging pile outputs a DC current to the power battery through the power unit.
  • a charging method using a charging pile and a BMS as an executing subject is also provided.
  • the charging method using the charging pile and the BMS as the execution subject reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail herein.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic structural diagram of a power conversion device 800 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device 800 includes: a receiving module 810 , a sending module 820 and a processing module 830 .
  • the receiving module 810 is configured to receive a state parameter of the power battery, where the state parameter includes the battery temperature; the processing module 830 is configured to set the charging mode to pulse when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold Charging mode: In the pulse charging mode, the processing module 830 is used to charge the power battery after converting the charging power of the charging pile, and the pulse charging mode is a charging mode that outputs pulsed voltage or pulsed current.
  • the processing module 830 is further configured to switch the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold;
  • the charging power is transmitted to the power battery for charging the power battery, wherein the DC charging mode is a charging mode that outputs a constant voltage or a constant current.
  • the state parameter further includes: battery voltage; the processing module 830 is configured to set the charging mode to the pulse charging mode when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold.
  • the state parameter further includes: battery voltage
  • the processing module 830 is configured to switch the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the pulse charging mode when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold. DC charging mode.
  • the state parameter further includes the state of charge of the battery
  • the sending module 820 is used to send the first DC charging information to the charging pile, the first direct current
  • the flow charging information is determined by the processing module 830 according to the pulse charging information, wherein the pulse charging information includes at least one of the following information: pulse current information, pulse voltage information, pulse direction information, pulse frequency information and pulse time information, pulse charging information is determined by the processing module 830 according to the battery temperature and the battery state of charge; in the pulse charging mode, the processing module 830 is used to output a pulse current to the power battery, wherein the pulse current converts the DC current based on the pulse charging information, and the DC current is The charging pile outputs the DC current to the processing module 830 according to the first DC charging information.
  • the sending module 820 is further configured to send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, where the charging prohibition message is used to instruct the charging pile to stop outputting DC current to the processing module 830 .
  • the processing module 830 is further configured to perform pre-charging.
  • the processing module 830 is configured to obtain the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal; if the voltage difference is less than the third preset threshold, the processing module 830 performs precharging.
  • the processing module 830 is used to switch the charging mode from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode, optionally, the processing module 830 is used to stop outputting the pulse current to the power battery; the receiving module 810 is also used to receive the first charge of the power battery Second DC charging information, the sending module 820 is further configured to send the second DC charging information to the charging pile; the processing module 830 is configured to output the DC current output by the charging pile according to the second DC charging information to the power battery to charge the power battery.
  • the sending module 820 is also used to send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, where the charging prohibition message is used to instruct the charging pile to stop outputting the DC current to the power conversion device. .
  • the processing module 830 is used to obtain the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal; if the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold, the processing module 830 is used to output the DC current output by the charging pile according to the second DC charging information. to the power battery to charge the power battery.
  • the state parameter of the power battery is a parameter obtained by a battery management system of the power battery.
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic diagram of a power conversion device 900 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the power conversion device 900 includes: a control unit 910 and a power unit 920 .
  • the control unit 910 may be the control unit 112 shown in FIG. 2
  • the power unit 920 may be the power unit 111 shown in FIG. 2 , which may include the power conversion module shown in FIG. 2 , the first Relay K1, second relay K2 and third relay K3.
  • the power battery, the battery management system BMS and the charging pile in the following may correspond to the power battery 131 , the BMS 132 and the charging pile 120 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the control unit 910 is configured to acquire a state parameter of the power battery, where the state parameter includes the battery temperature of the power battery; when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold, the The control unit 910 is used to set the charging mode of the power unit 920 to the pulse charging mode.
  • the power unit 920 converts the charging power of the power battery to the charging pile and then charges the power battery.
  • the pulse charging mode It is a charging mode using pulsed voltage or pulsed current.
  • control unit 910 is further configured to: switch the charging mode of the power unit 920 from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode, in which the power unit 920 is charged. 920 is used to transmit the charging power of the charging pile to the power battery to charge the power battery, wherein the DC charging mode is a charging mode using a constant voltage or a constant current.
  • the state parameters of the power battery acquired by the control unit 910 further include: battery voltage, when the battery temperature is lower than the first preset threshold and the battery voltage is lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit 910 is used to connect the power unit to the battery.
  • the charging mode of the 920 is set to pulse charging mode.
  • the state parameters of the power battery acquired by the control unit 910 further include: battery voltage, when the battery temperature is not lower than the first preset threshold or the battery voltage is not lower than the second preset threshold, the control unit 910 is used to The charging mode of the power unit 920 is switched from the pulse charging mode to the DC charging mode.
  • the state parameter further includes the battery state of charge; the control unit 910 is used to determine the pulse charge according to the battery temperature and the battery state of charge charging information, and send the pulse charging information to the power unit 920, the pulse charging information includes at least one of the following information: pulse current, pulse voltage, pulse direction, pulse frequency and pulse time; the power unit 920 is used for determining according to the pulse charging information The first DC charging information corresponding to the pulse charging information, and send the first DC charging information to the control unit 910; the control unit 910 is used to send the first DC charging information to the charging pile, and control the power unit 920 to the power battery A pulse current is output, wherein the pulse current converts the DC current based on the pulse charging information, and the DC current is the DC current output by the charging pile to the power unit 920 according to the first DC charging information.
  • control unit 910 is further used to: send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, wherein the charging prohibition message is used to instruct the charging pile to stop.
  • DC current is output to the power unit 920 .
  • control unit 910 is configured to send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile
  • control unit 910 is further configured to send a precharging instruction to the power unit 920
  • the power unit 920 is configured to perform precharging according to the precharging instruction.
  • the power unit 920 is used to obtain the voltage of the input terminal and the voltage of the output terminal, and send the voltage of the input terminal and the voltage of the output terminal to the control unit 910; if the voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal is less than the third preset threshold, The control unit 910 is configured to send a precharge command to the power unit 920 .
  • control unit 910 is further configured to acquire the second DC charging information of the power battery, the second DC charging The information is the DC charging information determined according to the state parameters of the power battery; the control unit 910 is used to control the power unit 920 to stop outputting pulse current; the control unit 910 is used to control the power unit 920 to output the charging pile to the power battery according to the second DC charging information output of direct current.
  • control unit 910 before the control unit 910 is used to control the power unit 920 to stop outputting the pulse current, the control unit 910 is also used to: send a charging prohibition message to the charging pile, and the charging prohibition message is used to instruct the charging pile to stop outputting DC to the power unit 920. current.
  • control unit 910 is used to obtain the voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the power unit 920; if the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold, the control unit 910 is used to control the power unit 920 to output the charging pile according to the power battery.
  • the DC current output by the second DC charging information is used to obtain the voltage difference between the input end and the output end of the power unit 920; if the voltage difference is less than the fourth preset threshold.
  • the state parameter of the power battery is a parameter obtained by a battery management system of the power battery.
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 1000 includes a memory 1010 and a processor 1020, wherein the memory 1010 is used to store a computer program, and the processor 1020 is used to read the computer program and execute the aforementioned various types of the application based on the computer program. Methods of Examples.
  • the electronic device 1000 can be used for any one or more of charging piles, BMS and power conversion equipment.
  • the processor in the power conversion device in addition to the processor in the power conversion device reading the corresponding computer program and executing the charging methods corresponding to the power conversion device in the foregoing various embodiments based on the computer program, the processor in the charging pile or the BMS also The corresponding computer program can be read and the charging method corresponding to the charging pile or the BMS in the foregoing various embodiments can be executed based on the computer program.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium for storing a computer program, where the computer program is used to execute the methods of the foregoing various embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer program may be a computer program in one or more of the above-mentioned power conversion equipment, charging pile and BMS.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种充电的方法，包括：功率转换设备获取动力电池的状态参数，状态参数包括电池温度；在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式；在脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对动力电池充电，脉冲充电模式为输出脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式。通过该技术方案，功率转换设备获取动力电池的电池温度，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备将充电桩输出的充电功率进行转换，输出脉冲电以对动力电池进行充电，防止在低温下充电桩直接对动力电池充电影响动力电池的性能，从而保证动力电池的性能。

Description

充电的方法和功率转换设备 技术领域
本申请涉及动力电池领域，更为具体地，涉及一种充电的方法和功率转换设备。
背景技术
随着时代的发展，电动汽车由于其高环保性、低噪音、使用成本低等优点，具有巨大的市场前景且能够有效促进节能减排，有利社会的发展和进步。
对于电动汽车而言，动力电池技术是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。由于动力电池的电化学特性，在低温环境下，直流充电会对动力电池的性能受到较大影响，影响客户用车体验。
因此，如何保证动力电池的电池性能是一个待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种充电的方法和功率转换设备，能够保证动力电池的电池性能。
第一方面，提供了一种充电的方法，该方法包括：功率转换设备获取动力电池的状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度；在该电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，该功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式；在该脉冲充电模式下，该功率转换设备对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对该动力电池充电，该脉冲充电模式为输出脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备获取动力电池的电池温度，在该电池温度较低，例如低于第一预设阈值时，将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，在该脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备将充电桩输出的充电功率进行转换，输出脉冲电以对动力电池进行充电，防止在低温下充电桩直接对动力电池进行充电影响动力电池的性能，从而能够保证动力电池的性能。此外，通过本申请实施例的技术方案，也不需要对动力电池配置热管理系统，在降低动力电池的整体成本的基础上，节省低温下对动力电池的加热时间，提升充电效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：在该电池温度不低于该第一预设阈值时，该功率转换设备将该充电模式从该脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式；在该直流充电模式下，该功率转换设备将该充电桩的充电功率传输至该动力电池以对该动力电池充电，其中，该直流充电模式为输出恒定的电压或恒定的电流的充电模式。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，该功率转换设备持续获取动力电池的电池温 度，在该电池温度较高，例如不低于第一预设阈值时，将其充电模式由脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，进而功率转换设备将充电桩的充电功率直接传输至动力电池，以对动力电池进行充电，提高非低温下对动力电池的充电效率，因此，通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备可以根据动力电池的电池温度，灵活设置其充电模式，在保证动力电池的性能的前提下，提高整个充电过程的充电效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该状态参数还包括：电池电压；该在该电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，该功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，包括：在该电池温度低于该第一预设阈值且该电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，该功率转换设备将该充电模式设置为该脉冲充电模式。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，功率转换设备在获取动力电池的电池温度以外，还获取动力电池的电池电压，综合电池温度和电池电压两方面的信息将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，在低温下进一步判断动力电池是否处于电压较低的待充电状态，可以进一步保证充电安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该状态参数还包括：电池电压，在该电池温度不低于该第一预设阈值时，该功率转换设备将该充电模式从该脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，包括：在该电池温度不低于该第一预设阈值或该电池电压不低于该第二预设阈值时，该功率转换设备将该充电模式从该脉冲充电模式切换至该直流充电模式。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备持续获取动力电池的电池温度以及电池电压，综合电池温度和电池电压两方面的信息将其充电模式由脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在电池的非低温或者非低压状态下，直接利用直流电对充电电池进行充电，可以进一步提高充电效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该状态参数还包括电池荷电状态；该功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，包括：该功率转换设备向该充电桩发送第一直流充电信息，该第一直流充电信息是该功率转换设备根据脉冲充电信息确定的，其中，该脉冲充电信息包括以下信息的至少一种：脉冲电流信息、脉冲电压信息、脉冲方向信息、脉冲频率信息和脉冲时间信息，该脉冲充电信息是该功率转换设备根据该电池温度和该电池荷电状态确定的；该在该脉冲充电模式下，该功率转换设备对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对该动力电池充电，包括：该功率转换设备向该动力电池输出脉冲电流，其中，该脉冲电流基于该脉冲充电信息将直流电流转换生成，该直流电流是该充电桩根据该第一直流充电信息输出给该功率转换设备的直流电流。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备可根据其获取的动力电池的状态参数，确定对应的脉冲充电信息，并根据该脉冲充电信息转换得到不同的脉冲电流，以适应动力电池在不同情况下不同的充电需求，具有较高的灵活性和适应性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在该功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式之前，该方法还包括：该功率转换设备向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息，该充电禁止消息用于指示该充电桩停止向该功率转换设备输出直流电流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在该功率转换设备向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，该方法还包括：该功率转换设备进行预充电。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，在功率转换设备向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，对功率转换设备中的电容器进行预充电。这样，在后续对动力电池的充电过程中，该电容器不会再引发脉冲大电流，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该功率转换设备进行预充电，包括：该功率转换设备获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差；若该电压压差小于第三预设阈值，该功率转换设备进行预充电。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，为了保护功率转换设备中的继电器以及保证功率转换设备的性能，在控制继电器的开关以对功率转换设备进行预充电之前，功率转换设备还可获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差，判断该电压压差是否小于第三预设阈值，若该电压压差小于第三预设阈值，功率转换设备进行预充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该功率转换设备将该充电模式从该脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，包括：该功率转换设备停止向该动力电池输出脉冲电流；该功率转换设备获取该动力电池的第二直流充电信息，并向该充电桩发送该第二直流充电信息；该功率转换设备将该充电桩的充电功率传输至该动力电池以对该动力电池充电，包括：该功率转换设备将该充电桩根据该第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至该动力电池以对该动力电池充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在该功率转换设备停止向该动力电池输出脉冲电流之前，该方法还包括：该功率转换设备向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息，该充电禁止消息用于指示该充电桩停止向该功率转换设备输出直流电流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该功率转换设备将该充电桩根据该第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至该动力电池以对该动力电池充电，包括：该功率转换设备获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差；若该电压压差小于第四预设阈值，该功率转换设备将该充电桩根据该第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至该动力电池以对该动力电池充电。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，为了保护功率转换设备中的继电器以及保证功率转换设备的性能，在控制继电器的开关以将充电桩输出的直流电流输出至动力电池之前，功率转换设备还可获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差，判断该电压压差是否小于第四预设阈值，若该电压压差小于第四预设阈值，功率转换设备将充电桩输出的直流电流输出至动力电池以对该动力电池充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，功率转换设备获取动力电池的状态参数，包括：功率转换设备接收动力电池的电池管理系统发送的动力电池的状态参数。
第二方面，提供一种功率转换设备，包括：控制单元和功率单元；该控制单元用于获取该动力电池的状态参数，该状态参数包括该动力电池的电池温度；在该电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，该控制单元用于将该功率单元的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，在该脉冲充电模式下，该功率单元对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对该动力电池充电，该脉冲充电模式为采用脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在该电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，该控制单元 还用于：将该功率单元的该充电模式从该脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在该直流充电模式下，该功率单元用于将该充电桩的充电功率传输至该动力电池以对该动力电池充电，其中，该直流充电模式为采用恒定的电压或恒定的电流的充电模式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该状态参数还包括：电池电压，在该电池温度低于该第一预设阈值且该电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，该控制单元用于将该功率单元的该充电模式设置为该脉冲充电模式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该状态参数还包括：电池电压，在该电池温度不低于该第一预设阈值或该电池电压不低于该第二预设阈值时，该控制单元用于将该功率单元的该充电模式从该脉冲充电模式切换至该直流充电模式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该状态参数还包括电池荷电状态；该控制单元用于根据该电池温度和该电池荷电状态确定脉冲充电信息，并向该功率单元发送该脉冲充电信息，该脉冲充电信息包括以下信息的至少一种：脉冲电流、脉冲电压、脉冲方向、脉冲频率和脉冲时间；该功率单元用于根据该脉冲充电信息，确定与该脉冲充电信息对应的第一直流充电信息，并向该控制单元发送该第一直流充电信息；该控制单元用于向该充电桩发送该第一直流充电信息，并控制该功率单元向该动力电池输出脉冲电流，其中，该脉冲电流基于该脉冲充电信息将直流电流转换生成，该直流电流是该充电桩根据该第一直流充电信息输出给该功率单元的直流电流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在该控制单元用于将该功率单元的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式之前，该控制单元还用于：向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息，其中，该充电禁止消息用于指示该充电桩停止向该功率单元输出直流电流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在该控制单元用于向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，该控制单元还用于向该功率单元发送预充指令；该功率单元用于根据该预充指令进行预充电。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制单元用于获取该功率单元的输入端与输出端的电压压差；若该电压压差小于第三预设阈值，该控制单元用于向该功率单元发送预充指令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制单元还用于获取该动力电池的第二直流充电信息；该控制单元用于控制该功率单元停止输出脉冲电流；该控制单元用于控制该功率单元向该动力电池输出该充电桩根据该第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在该控制单元用于控制该功率单元停止输出脉冲电流之前，该控制单元还用于：向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息，该充电禁止消息用于指示该充电桩停止向该功率单元输出直流电流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制单元用于获取该功率单元的输入端与输出端的电压压差；若该电压压差小于第四预设阈值，该控制单元用于控制该功率单元向该动力电池输出该充电桩根据该第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该控制单元用于接收该动力电池的电池管理系统发送的动力电池的状态参数。
第三方面，提供了一种功率转换设备，包括处理器和存储器，该存储器用于存 储计算机程序，该处理器用于调用该计算机程序，执行如上述第一方面和第一方面中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序用于执行如上述第一方面和第一方面中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例公开的充电系统的示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的充电系统的应用架构的示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图4是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图5是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图6是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图7是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图8是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图9是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图10是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图11是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性流程图；
图12是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图13是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图14是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图15是本申请另一实施例公开的一种充电的方法的示意性交互流程图；
图16是本申请一实施例公开的功率转换设备的示意性框图；
图17是本申请另一实施例公开的功率转换设备的示意性框图；
图18是本申请另一实施例公开的功率转换设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以 及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在新能源领域中，动力电池作为用电装置，例如动车辆、船舶或航天器等的主要动力源，其重要性不言而喻。其中，动力电池的温度对其性能、寿命、安全性影响很大。目前市面上的动力电池多为可充电的蓄电池，常见的是锂离子电池或锂离子聚合物电池。在低温下，锂离子电池会出现内阻增大、容量变小的现象，极端情况更会导致电解液冻结、电池无法放电等情况，电池系统低温性能受到很大影响，造成电动汽车动力输出性能衰减和续驶里程减少。进一步地，在低温下对锂离子电池进行直流充电会造成析锂现象。析锂不仅使锂电池性能下降，循环寿命大幅缩短，还限制了电池的快充容量，并有可能引起燃烧、爆炸等灾难性后果。
为了解决电动汽车低温环境下充电的问题，目前市面上大部分的电动汽车的动力电池都配有热管理系统。在动力电池的温度过低时，热管理系统可以将一部分电能转化为热能，从而为整个电池组加热。这种预加热的方式可以使动力电池处于一个比较适宜的温度，在此基础上再对动力电池进行充电。然而，这种预加热的方式是将动力电池的温度提高后再对其进行充电，其加热效率的提升空间有限，无法节省加热时间，使得无法从根本上解决电动汽车在低温环境下充电时间过长的问题。此外，在动力电池中配置热管理系统，不仅会增加动力电池的重量而且还会增加动力电池的成本。
鉴于此，相对于现有技术，本申请提出一种新的充电系统及其充电方法，不需使用热管理系统对动力电池进行预加热，也能解决上述电动汽车低温环境下充电的问题。
图1示出了本申请实施例适用的一种充电系统。该充电系统可以应用于各种类型的用电装置，该用电装置包括但不限于是电动汽车等等。
图1示出了本申请中一种充电系统10的示意图。
如图1所示，该充电系统10可包括：功率转换设备110、充电桩120以及电动汽车130。
具体地，充电桩120是一种为电动汽车130(包含纯电动汽车和可插电的混合动力电动汽车)补充电能的装置，可分为交流充电桩和直流充电桩两大类，其中，直 流充电桩通过输出可调直流电，直接为电动汽车的动力电池充电，输出的电压和电流调整范围大，可以实现快速充电的需求。而交流充电桩只提供电力输出，没有充电功能，后续的整流和直流-直流(DC-DC)变换都是由车载充电机完成，充电桩用于起到一个电源控制器的作用。下文申请实施例中，以充电桩为直流充电桩为例说明本申请的充电方法，车载充电机的相关充电方法可以参考下文实施例的相关说明。
具体地，电动汽车130中，可包括电池系统，该电池系统可设置有至少一个电池组(battery pack)为电动汽车提供能量和动力，该至少一个电池组可统称为动力电池。从电池的种类而言，该动力电池可以是锂离子电池、锂金属电池、铅酸电池、镍隔电池、镍氢电池、锂硫电池、锂空气电池或者钠离子电池等，在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。从电池规模而言，本申请实施例中的动力电池可以是电芯/电池单体，也可以是电池模组或电池包，在本申请实施例中不做具体限定。
此外，为了智能化管理及维护该动力电池，防止电池出现过充电和过放电，延长电池的使用寿命，电池系统中一般还设置有电池管理系统(battery management system，BMS)，用于监控动力电池的状态。可选地，该BMS可以与动力电池集成设置于同一设备/装置中，或者，该BMS也可作为独立的设备/装置设置于动力电池之外。
相对于现有技术，充电系统10新增了功率转换设备110，具体地，该功率转换设备110可与充电桩120电连接，且与电动汽车130的电池系统电连接，该功率转换设备110可作为充电桩120与电动汽车130的电池系统之间的一种电力转接设备，具体来讲，该功率转换设备110可作为充电桩120与电动汽车130的动力电池之间的一种电力转接设备。
具体地，本申请中，功率转换设备110用于接收充电桩120传输的第一功率类型的第一电能后，将其转换为与第一功率类型不同的第二功率类型的第二电能，再将第二电能传输至电动汽车130的动力电池，以实现功率的转换。作为一种示例，充电桩120传输的第一功率类型的第一电能为直流电，该直流电可以为恒压的直流电或者为恒流的直流电，功率转换设备110可将该直流电转换为电压变化，电流变化，功率状态变化，电流、电压、功率时序变化等其它功率类型的第二电能，再传输至电动汽车130的动力电池，以对该动力电池进行充电。
可选地，如图1所示，该功率转换设备110作为独立的电力转接设备，设置于充电桩120和电动汽车130之外，作为一种可选的电连接方式，充电桩120设置有第一充电枪头，功率转换设备110设置与该第一充电枪头对应的第一充电插座，以接收从充电桩120传输的电能。此外，功率转换设备110同时也设置有第二充电枪头，该第二充电枪头用于与电动汽车110上的第二充电插座电连接，以实现功率转换设备110向电动汽车传输电能。
为了适配于现有的充电桩120与电动汽车130的电池系统之间的电连接，可选地，功率转换设备110上的第二充电枪头的具体类型和结构可与充电桩120上的第一充电枪头的具体类型和结构相同，对应地，功率转换设备110上的第一充电插座的具体类型和结构可与电动汽车上的第二充电插座的具体类型和结构相同。当然，功率转 换设备110上第二充电枪头和第一充电插座也可以与充电桩120上的第一充电枪头以及电动汽车上的第二充电插座不相同，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定，旨在实现充电枪头与其对应的充电插座电连接即可。
可选地，该功率转换设备110除了可设计为独立的电力转接设备以外，该功率转换设备110也可集成设置于充电桩120或者集成设置于电动汽车130，又或者功率转换设备110中的部分功能模块设置于充电桩120，另一部分功能模块设置于电动汽车130，本申请实施例对该功率转换设备110的具体设置方式也不做具体限定，旨在电连接于充电桩120与电动汽车130的电池系统之间，实现功率转换的功能即可。
图2是本申请实施例的上述充电系统10的一种应用架构的示意图。
如图2所示，电池系统可为上述充电系统10中电动汽车130中的电池系统，该电池系统包括动力电池131以及电池管理系统BMS 132。
可选地，功率转换设备110可包括功率单元111和控制单元112，该功率单元111用于将充电桩120输出的功率类型转换为动力电池131需要的功率类型。作为一种示例，该功率单元111中可包括功率转换模块，该功率转换模块可包括脉冲产生电路，用于产生脉冲电以提供给动力电池131，此外，该功率转换模块还可包括驱动电路、通信电路、处理电路等等其它功能电路。控制单元112中可包括控制器和/或处理器，负责检测充电桩120和BMS 130在充电过程中的状态，并控制功率单元111和功率转换设备中其它电学元器件的运行。
具体地，该功率单元111通过高压线150分别与充电桩120和动力电池131连接，以将充电桩120通过高压线150输出的充电功率进行转换后输出至动力电池131以给动力电池131充电。作为示例，如图2所示，功率单元111中的功率转换模块通过高压线150分别连接至充电桩的正极输出端口(例如：直流正极输出端口DC+)和负极输出端口(例如：直流负极输出端口DC-)，且连接至动力电池的正极输出端口和负极输出端口。
可选地，功率单元111除了功率转换模块外，还包括至少一个继电器，例如，如图2所示，包括第一继电器K1、第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3。功率转换模块通过第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3分别连接至充电桩120和动力电池131，可通过控制该第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3控制功率转换模块是否连接至充电桩120和动力电池131。
此外，充电桩120和动力电池131之间通过第一继电器K1相互连接，换言之，若第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3均断开，第一继电器K1闭合，则此时充电桩120输出的充电功率可直接传输至动力电池131，而不需要经过功率转换模块的转换。
需要说明的是，图2中第一继电器K1、第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3仅为示意性说明的电路结构，其还可以通过其它功能电路替代实现，旨在实现功率转换模块在充电桩120和动力电池131之间的可选择性连接即可。
可以理解的是，第一继电器K1、第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3可以通过功率转换设备110中的控制单元112进行控制。
还可以理解的是，功率单元111中也可不包括第一继电器K1、第二继电器K2 和第三继电器K3，直接通过软件控制功率转换模块的运行状态，也可以实现功率转换模块在充电桩120和动力电池131之间的可选择性连接，使得功率转换设备110处于不同的充电模式。
进一步参见图2，充电桩120和BMS 132还可以分别通过通信线140连接至功率转换设备110，以实现充电桩120、BMS 132和功率转换设备110三者之间的信息交互。具体地，控制单元112分别通过通信线140连接充电桩120和BMS 130，以分别与充电桩120和BMS 130进行信息交互。另外，控制单元112还通过通信线140与功率单元111连接，以与功率单元111进行信息交互，并控制功率单元111进行功率转换。
作为示例，该通信线140包括但不限于是控制器局域网(control area network，CAN)通信总线或者菊花链(daisy chain)通信总线。可选地，充电桩120、BMS 132、功率转换设备110三者之间可基于CAN通信协议或菊花链通信协议的通信物理层、数据链路层以及应用层的相关协议规定进行通信。
具体地，市面上常规的充电系统中，充电桩120和BMS 132之间直接通过通信协议进行信息交互，在本申请实施例中，功率转换设备110可以接收并发送充电桩120和BMS 132之间的报文和消息，在兼容目前充电桩120和BMS 132的通信协议下，实现充电桩120和BMS 132之间的功率转换。
图3示出了本申请实施例提出的一种充电的方法200的示意性流程图。该方法200应用于一种功率转换设备。例如，该功率转换设备可以为上文图1和图2中的功率转换设备110。
如图3所示，该充电的方法200可包括以下步骤。
步骤210：功率转换设备获取动力电池的状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度。
可选地，本步骤中，动力电池可为上文图2中所示的动力电池131，该动力电池一般包括至少一个电池组，每个电池组可包括串并联的多个电池单体。该动力电池的电池温度包括但不限于是每个电池单体的温度，在相关技术中，该电池单体也可称之为电芯。
可选地，在一些实施方式中，动力电池的BMS，例如图2中所示的BMS 132，用于检测该动力电池的状态参数，例如动力电池的电池温度，并将其传输至功率转换设备，以使得该功率转换设备获取到该动力电池的状态参数。作为一种示例，BMS与功率转换设备之间可基于CAN实现通信。在该示例中，动力电池的电池温度可为BMS发送的动力蓄电池状态信息报文(battery state message,BSM)中的最低动力蓄电池温度。在另一些示例中，BMS与功率转换设备之间还可以基于其它通信协议进行通信，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
当然，在另一些实施方式中，功率转换设备也可通过其它方式获取动力电池的状态参数，作为一种示例，动力汽车中除BMS以外的其它控制单元用于获取动力电池的状态参数，再由该控制单元传输至功率转换设备；或者，作为另一示例，动力汽车中的BMS或者其它控制单元将该动力电池的状态参数存执存储到存储单元或者云端， 功率转换设备从存储单元或者云端获取到电池状态参数，本申请实施例对功率转换设备获取动力电池的状态参数的具体方式不做限定。
步骤220：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。
具体地，在本步骤中，脉冲充电模式为采用脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式，换言之，在脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备可产生脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流。
可选地，可通过控制功率转换设备中的软件程序和/或硬件电路，从而控制功率转换设备中各功能模块的运行状态，使得功率转换设备能够将其从充电桩接收的直流电转换为脉冲电。
作为示例，在图2所示的功率转换设备110中，可通过控制第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3闭合，以实现功率转换模块连接至充电桩120和动力电池131之间，使得功率转换设备110能够将其从充电桩120接收的直流电转换为脉冲电。
可选地，上述第一预设阈值可以为预设的任意数值，旨在指示动力电池处于低温状态，该第一预设阈值可根据动力电池所在的地理位置、其电池类型、属性参数、以及动力电池所在的系统架构等相关因素进行对应设置，本申请实施例对其具体数值不做限定。作为示例，该第一预设阈值可以为任意低于10摄氏度(℃)任意数值，例如，该第一预设阈值可以为5℃。
步骤230：在脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对动力电池充电。
具体地，在本步骤中，功率转换设备用于实现对充电桩的充电功率的转换，并将转换后的充电功率输出至动力电池，以对动力电池进行充电。其中，在脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备转换后的充电功率为脉冲式充电电压或者脉冲式充电电流。
综上，通过本申请实施例的技术方案，该功率转换设备获取动力电池的电池温度，在该电池温度较低，例如低于第一预设阈值时，将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，在该脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备将充电桩输出的充电功率进行转换，输出脉冲电，以对动力电池进行充电，防止在低温下直接对动力电池进行充电影响动力电池的性能，从而保证动力电池的性能。此外，通过本申请实施例的技术方案，也不需要对动力电池配置热管理系统，在降低动力电池的整体成本的基础上，节省低温下对动力电池的加热时间，提升充电效率。
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的另一充电方法300的示意性流程图。
如图4所示，该充电方法300可包括以下步骤。
步骤310：功率转换设备获取动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池电压。
步骤320：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。
步骤330：在脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对动力电池充电。
在本申请实施例中，步骤310与上文步骤210相比，功率转换设备除了获取动力电池的电池温度以外，还获取动力电池的电池电压。
具体地，动力电池在充放电过程中，除了电池温度对其影响较大以外，同时检测其电压能够更好的体现当前动力电池的充放电状态，防止其出现过充电或者过放电，对动力电池造成永久性损坏。因此，本申请实施例中，功率转换设备在获取动力电池的电池温度以外，还获取动力电池的电池电压，综合多方面信息执行后续的充电模式设置阶段，提高充电的安全性能。具体地，该动力电池的电池电压包括但不限于是动力电池中每个电池单体的电压，和/或，整个动力电池的总电压。
与上文步骤210中，功率转换设备获取动力电池的电池温度类似，在一些实施方式中，动力电池的BMS用于检测该动力电池的电池电压，并将其传输至功率转换设备，以使得功率转换设备获取该动力电池的电池电压。在该实施方式中，动力电池的电池电压可通过电池充电状态报文(battery charge state,BCS)传输至功率转换设备。
在步骤320中，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。可选地，该第二预设阈值可为预设的任意数值，旨在指示动力电池处于电压较低的待充电状态，该第二预设阈值可能根据不同的动力电池类型以及结构设定为不同数值，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
具体地，本申请实施例中的步骤330的相关技术方案可以参见上文中步骤230的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例的技术方案中，功率转换设备在获取动力电池的电池温度以外，还获取动力电池的电池电压，综合电池温度和电池电压两方面的信息将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，在低温下进一步判断动力电池是否处于电压较低的待充电状态，可以进一步保证充电安全性。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，功率转换设备除了可以获取动力电池的电池温度和电池电压以外，还可以获取动力电池的其它状态参数，并进一步根据该其它状态参数将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。具体的，该动力电池的其它状态参数包括但不限于是：电池电流、电池的荷电状态(state of charge，SOC)，估算剩余充电时间等相关参数。其中，SOC可看作一个热力学量，利用它可评估电池的潜在电能。
在上文图3和图4所述的充电方法中，功率转换设备将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，并将充电桩的输出功率转换后输出至动力电池。进一步地，在此基础之上，功率转换设备还可将其充电模式切换为直流充电模式，并将充电桩的充电功率直接传输至动力电池。
图5示出了本申请实施例提供的另一充电方法200的示意性流程图。
如图5所示，上述充电方法200还可包括以下步骤。
步骤240：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备将充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式。
步骤250：在直流充电模式下，功率转换设备将充电桩的充电功率传输至动力电池。
具体地，在本申请实施例中，上述步骤240和250发生在图3中的步骤230之后，功率转换设备在当前状态下获取到的电池温度若不低于第一预设阈值，则说明当前的动力电池处于非低温状态，可以将功率转换设备的充电模式由脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在直流充电模式下，功率转换设备直接将充电桩输出的充电功率传输至动力电池，以对动力电池进行充电，其中，直流充电模式为输出恒定的电压或恒定的电流的充电模式，换言之，充电桩的充电功率为恒定的电压或者为恒定的电流。
作为示例，可通过控制功率转换设备中的软件程序和/或硬件电路，从而控制功率转换设备中各功能模块的运行状态，使得功率转换设备能够将其从充电桩接收的直流电直接输出至动力电池。
例如，在图2所示的功率转换设备110中，通过控制第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3断开，并控制第一继电器K1闭合，以实现充电桩120和动力电池131之间直接的电连接，使得功率转换设备110能够将其从充电桩120接收的直流电直接输出至动力电池131。
更进一步地，在图2所示的功率转换设备110中，还可通过控制功率转换模块停止运行，以进一步增强在充电模式切换过程中的可靠性和灵活性。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，该功率转换设备持续获取动力电池的电池温度，在该电池温度较高，例如不低于第一预设阈值时，将其充电模式由脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，进而功率转换设备将充电桩的充电功率直接传输至动力电池，以对动力电池进行充电，提高非低温下对动力电池的充电效率，因此，通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备可以根据动力电池的电池温度，灵活设置其充电模式，在保证动力电池的性能的前提下，提高整个充电过程的充电效率。
类似地，图6示出了本申请实施例提供的另一充电方法300的示意性流程图。
如图6所示，上述充电方法300还可包括以下步骤。
步骤340：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值，或电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备将充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式。
步骤350：在直流充电模式下，功率转换设备将充电桩的充电功率传输至动力电池。
在本申请实施例中，该步骤340和350发生在上述图4中的步骤330之后，功率转换设备在当前状态下获取到的电池温度若不低于第一预设阈值，则说明当前动力电池处于非低温状态，或者，功率转换设备在当前状态下获取到的电池电压若不低于第二预设阈值，说明当前动力电池不处于待充电状态，或者处于电压较高的待充电状态，可以将功率转换设备的充电模式由脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在直流充电模式下，充电桩通过功率转换设备对动力电池进行充电。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备持续获取动力电池的电池温度以及电池电压，综合电池温度和电池电压两方面的信息将其充电模式由脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在电池的非低温或者非低压状态下，直接利用直流电对充电电池进行充电，可以进一步提高充电效率。
需要说明的是，上述申请实施例中，在功率转换设备处于脉冲充电模式的情况 下，若检测到电池温度不低于第一预设阈值，或者电池电压不低于第二预设阈值，功率转换设备需要将其充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式。在其它申请实施例中，在功率转换设备的初始状态下，即功率转换设备未设置充电模式时，若此时功率转换设备获取的动力电池的电池温度不低于第一预设阈值，或者电池电压不低于第二预设阈值，功率转换设备可以直接将其充电模式设置为直流充电模式。
另外，还需要说明的是，在上述步骤220和步骤320中，一些情况下，若功率转换设备处于初始状态，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值，或者电池温度低于第一预设阈值且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备直接将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。另一些情况下，若功率转换设备处于直流充电模式，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值，或者电池温度低于第一预设阈值且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备可将充电模式从直流充电模式切换为脉冲充电模式。
综上，通过本申请实施例的技术方案，可以实现整个充电过程中，功率转换设备根据动力电池的状态参数，随时调整其充电模式的技术方案。具体地，可以实现在低温下对动力电池进行脉冲充电，在非低温下对动力电池进行直流充电，灵活适应于不同的充电环境，提高充电效率。
图7示出了本申请提出的另一个实施例的充电方法400的示意性流程图。
如图7所示，该充电的方法400可包括以下步骤。
步骤410：电池管理系统BMS向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
具体地，在该步骤中，电池管理系统BMS除了向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池温度以外，还发送动力电池的电池荷电状态SOC，该SOC能够较为准确的反映动力电池中的剩余电量。可选地，电池管理系统BMS还可以向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池电压等其它参数。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，动力电池的电池温度可通过动力蓄电池状态信息报文(BSM)发送至功率转换设备，动力电池的电池荷电状态SOC、电池电压等参数可通过电池充电状态报文(BCS)发送至功率转换设备。
步骤421：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备根据状态参数确定脉冲充电信息。
具体地，在该步骤中，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备根据电池温度以及SOC共同确定的脉冲充电信息，既能够适应于动力电池的当前温度，也能够适应于动力电池的SOC。
或者，在该步骤的另一实施方式中，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备根据电池温度以及SOC共同确定的脉冲充电信息。
可选地，根据电池温度以及SOC确定脉冲充电信息可有多种实现方式，作为一种示例，可确定电池温度、SOC以及脉冲充电信息的映射关系，根据该映射关系，确定具体的脉冲充电信息，其中，该映射关系可以是由大量的实验数据拟合得到的映射关系，具有较高的可信度和准确度，该映射关系具体可为映射表，映射图或者映射 公式等等。此外，在其它示例中，还可根据大量的实验数据训练专用的神经网络模型，该神经网络模型可根据输入的电池温度以及SOC，输出脉冲充电信息。
在一些实施方式中，上述脉冲充电信息包括但不限于：脉冲电流的有效值、脉冲电流的峰值、脉冲电压、脉冲方向、脉冲频率、脉冲间歇以及脉冲持续时长。
步骤422：功率转换设备根据脉冲充电信息确定第一直流充电信息。
具体地，功率转换设备可以根据脉冲充电信息，计算与该脉冲充电信息对应的第一直流充电信息，该第一直流充电信息可以包括以下信息中的至少一种：充电需求电压、充电需求电流以及充电需求模式。其中，充电需求模式可以为恒流模式或恒压模式。
步骤423：功率转换设备向充电桩发送第一直流充电信息。
可选地，在一些实施方式中，第一直流充电信息可以作为BMS的充电需求发送至充电桩。可选地，该功率转换设备可通过电池充电需求(BCL)报文发送该第一直流充电信息。或者，在其它实施方式中，该第一直流充电信息也可以通过其它报文发送至充电桩，本申请实施例对该报文类型和发送方式不做具体限定。
可选地，上述步骤421至步骤423可为上文图3中步骤220中包含的实施方式。
步骤431：充电桩向功率转换设备输出直流电流。
步骤432：功率转换设备将直流电流转换生成脉冲电流。
步骤433：功率转换设备向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
可选地，上述步骤431至步骤433可为上文图3中步骤230中包含的实现方式。
具体而言，在上述步骤中，充电桩向功率转换设备输出直流电流，该功率转换设备用于将直流电流转换生成脉冲电流，并向动力电池输出，以实现对动力电池的脉冲充电，其中，该脉冲电流为基于上述脉冲充电信息将直流电流转换生成的脉冲电流。该直流电流是充电桩根据上述第一直流充电信息输出给功率转换设备的直流电流。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备可根据其获取的动力电池的状态参数，确定对应的脉冲充电信息，并根据该脉冲充电信息转换得到不同的脉冲电流，以适应动力电池在不同情况下不同的充电需求，具有较高的灵活性和适应性。
可以理解的是，上文图7所述的充电方法400可为功率转换设备在初始阶段，即未设置充电模式下，将其充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式的方法示意流程图。
在功率转换设备将其充电模式从直流充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式的情况，或者从其它充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式的情况下，图8示出了本申请另一个实施例的充电方法500示意性流程图。
如图8所示，充电方法500可包括以下步骤。
步骤510：电池管理系统BMS向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
可选地，该电池管理系统BMS还可以向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池电 压等其它参数。
可选地，该步骤510的相关技术方案可参见为上文图7中步骤410的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤521：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
具体地，在该步骤中，充电禁止消息用于指示充电桩停止向功率转换设备输出直流电流。
可选地，在该步骤的其它实施方式中，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
可选地，在该步骤521之前，功率转换设备可向充电桩发送电池充电需求报文(BCL)，具体地，该需求报文中，需求电压可为动力电池的总电压，需求电流设置为充电桩的最小可输出电流，例如，10A的电流值。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电禁止消息之前，先向充电桩发送一个较小的需求电流，再禁止充电桩输出，防止直接对充电桩发送充电禁止消息，能够较快的禁止充电桩输出电流，且对整个充电系统的影响较小。
步骤522：功率转换设备获取输入端和输出端电压压差，判断电压压差是否小于第三预设阈值。
可选地，在本步骤中，功率转换设备在实现将其充电模式从直流充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式的过程中，涉及到其中继电器的开关控制，由于功率转换设备的输入端和输出端压差过大时，容易造成继电器的损坏，影响功率转换设备的正常工作。因此，为了保护继电器以及保证功率转换设备的性能，在控制继电器开关之前，功率转换设备还可获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差，判断该电压压差是否小于第三预设阈值，若该电压压差小于第三预设阈值，功率转换设备执行后续动作。若该电压压差不小于第三预设阈值，则功率转换设备停止输出，或者，还可以等待一段时间直至电压压差小于第三预设阈值。作为一种示例，该第三预设阈值包括但不限于是10V。
可选地，在一些实施方式中，功率转换设备可直接检测其输入端与输出端的电压压差，或者，在另一些实施方式中，功率转换设备可接收动力电池发送的电压值和充电桩发送的电压值，将该动力电池发送的电压值作为其输出端的电压，将该充电桩发送的电压值作为其输入端的电压。
具体而言，若将功率转换设备的充电模式从直流充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式，在功率转换设备的输入端和输出端的电压压差小于第三预设阈值时，功率转换设备中继电器状态改变，例如，图2中的第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3闭合，然后执行下文中的预充电步骤。
步骤523：功率转换设备进行预充电。
具体地，功率转换设备的功率转换模块中，其输入端和输出端的充电高压回路中存在大容量的电容器，功率转换模块在连接至高压回路的瞬间，充电高压回路中的高压会对该大容量的电容器进行充电，产生脉冲大电流。脉冲大电流可能会损坏功率转换设备或动力电池中的器件，例如高压接触器。
因此，在功率转换设备从直流充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式的过程中，在功率转换设备向该充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，需要对功率转换设备中的电容器先进行预充电。可选地，可利用动力电池的电池电压对该电容器进行预充电，这样，在后续对动力电池的充电过程中，该电容器不会再引发脉冲大电流，从而能够保证充电过程的正常进行和充电安全。
进一步地，若预充成功，图2中的第一继电器K1断开，以断开充电桩与动力电池之间的直流连接。
步骤524：功率转换设备根据状态参数确定脉冲充电信息。
步骤525：功率转换设备根据脉冲充电信息确定第一直流充电信息。
步骤526：功率转换设备向充电桩发送第一直流充电信息和充电允许消息。
具体地，在本步骤526中，功率转换设备除了向充电桩发送第一直流充电信息以外，还向充电桩发送充电允许消息，该充电允许消息用于指示充电桩可输出直流电流。
可选地，上述步骤524至步骤526其它相关方案可参见上文图7中步骤421至步骤423的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤531：充电桩向功率转换设备输出直流电流。
步骤532：功率转换设备将直流电流转换生成脉冲充电电流。
步骤533：功率转换设备向动力电池输出脉冲充电电流。
可选地，上述步骤531至步骤533可参见上文图7中步骤431至步骤433的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
上文结合图8说明了本申请实施例中，功率转换设备将其充电模式从直流充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式的相关技术方案。下面结合图9说明本申请实施例中，功率转换设备将其充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式的相关技术方案。
图9示出了本申请另一个实施例的充电方法600示意性流程图。
如图9所示，充电方法600可包括以下步骤。
步骤611：电池管理系统BMS向功率转换设备发送动力电池的第二直流充电信息。
可选地，在一些实施方式中，电池管理系统BMS可通过电池充电需求(BCL)报文向功率转换设备发送动力电池的第二直流充电信息，该第二直流充电信息为电池管理系统BMS根据动力电池的当前状态参数确定的充电信息，该第二直流充电信息可以包括以下信息中的至少一种：充电需求电压、充电需求电流以及充电需求模式。其中，充电需求模式可以为恒流模式或恒压模式。
或者，在一些其它的实施方式中，该第一直流充电信息也可以通过其它报文发送至功率转换设备，本申请实施例对该报文类型和发送方式不做具体限定。
步骤612：电池管理系统BMS向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
可选地，该电池管理系统BMS还可以向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池电压等其它参数。
可选地，该步骤612的相关技术方案可参见为上文图7中步骤410的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤621：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
具体地，在该步骤中，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，说明当前动力电池的状态可以接收直流电，直流充电不会对动力电池造成影响，此时，功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电，而在后续步骤中实现对动力电池输出直流电，从而在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，提高动力电池的充电速度和充电效率。
可选地，在该步骤的另一实施方式中，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，或者电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
可以理解的是，在本步骤中，可通过通信信令以及软件程序控制功率转换设备中的功能模块的运行状态，实现功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
还可以理解的是，在本步骤中，还可通过控制功率转换设备中的继电器，实现功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。作为示例，例如，通过控制图2中的第三继电器K3断开，实现功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。进一步地，可通过控制图2中的第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3均断开，实现功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
步骤622：功率转换设备向充电桩发送该第二直流充电信息。
具体地，在本步骤中，功率转换设备直接向充电桩转发上述电池管理系统BMS发送的第二直流充电信息，例如，转发上述电池充电需求(BCL)报文至充电桩。
可选地，上述步骤612和步骤622可为上文图5中步骤240中包含的实施方式。
步骤631：充电桩通过功率转换设备向动力电池输出直流电流。
具体地，在本步骤中，通过闭合第一继电器K1，并断开第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3，以实现充电桩和动力电池两者之间直接的电连接，从而实现充电桩通过功率转换设备向动力电池输出直流电流，换言之，也可以理解为功率转换设备将充电桩的直流电流直接传输至动力电池。
具体地，本步骤中，充电桩输出的直流电流为充电桩根据上述第二直流充电信息输出的直流电，能够满足动力电池的充电需求。
可选地，上述步骤631可为上文图5中步骤250中包含的实施方式。
图10示出了本申请另一个实施例的充电方法700示意性流程图。
如图10所示，充电方法700可包括以下步骤。
步骤711：电池管理系统BMS向功率转换设备发送动力电池的第二直流充电信息。
步骤712：电池管理系统BMS向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
可选地，该电池管理系统BMS还可以向功率转换设备发送动力电池的电池电 压等其它参数。
步骤721：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
具体地，在该步骤中，充电禁止消息用于指示充电桩停止向功率转换设备输出直流电流。
可选地，在该步骤的其它实施方式中，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时或者电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，功率转换设备向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
可选地，在该步骤721之前，功率转换设备可向充电桩发送电池充电需求报文(BCL)，具体地，该需求报文中，需求电压可为动力电池的总电压，需求电流设置为充电桩的最小可输出电流，例如，10A的电流值。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流之前，先向充电桩发送一个较小的需求电流，再禁止充电桩输出，防止直接对充电桩发送充电禁止消息，能够较快的禁止充电桩输出电流，且对整个充电系统的影响较小。
步骤722：功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
具体地，在本步骤中，可控制功率转换设备中的功能模块停止工作，以使得功率转换设备停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
步骤723：功率转换设备获取其输入端和输出端电压压差，判断电压压差是否小于第四预设阈值。
可选地，在本步骤中，功率转换设备在实现将其充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式的过程中，若涉及到其中继电器的开关控制，由于功率转换设备的输入端和输出端压差过大时，容易造成继电器的损坏，影响功率转换设备的正常工作。因此，为了保护继电器以及保证功率转换设备的性能，在控制继电器开关之前，功率转换设备还可获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差，判断该电压压差是否小于第四预设阈值，若该电压压差小于第四预设阈值，功率转换设备执行后续动作。若该电压压差不小于第四预设阈值，则功率转换设备停止输出，或者，还可以等待一段时间直至电压压差小于第四预设阈值。作为一种示例，该第四预设阈值包括但不限于是10V。
具体而言，若将功率转换设备的充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在功率转换设备的输入端和输出端的电压压差小于第四预设阈值时，功率转换设备中继电器状态改变，例如，图2中的第一继电器K1闭合，第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3断开。
进一步地，在功率转换设备的输入端和输出端的电压压差小于第四预设阈值，且第一继电器K1闭合时，执行下述步骤724和步骤731。
步骤724：功率转换设备向充电桩发送该第二直流充电信息和充电允许消息。
具体地，在本步骤中，功率转换设备除了向充电桩发送第二直流充电信息以外，还向充电桩发送充电允许消息，该充电允许消息用于指示充电桩可输出直流电流。
步骤731：充电桩通过功率转换设备向动力电池输出直流电流。
具体地，在本步骤中，当功率转换设备的输入端和输出端的电压压差小于第四 预设阈值，功率转换设备将充电桩根据上述第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至动力电池以对动力电池充电，能够满足动力电池的充电需求。
可选地，本申请实施例的相关方案可参见上文图9中的相关描述，此处不再做过多赘述。
上文以功率转换设备作为执行主体，说明了本申请提供的充电方法的多种实施例，下面以功率转换设备包括控制单元和功率单元为例，对功率转换设备的充电过程进行描述。例如，该功率转换设备可以为图2中的功率转换设备110，包括控制单元112和功率单元111。
图11示出了本申请另一个实施例的功率转换设备的充电的方法的示意性流程图。该功率转换设备用于在充电桩和动力电池之间进行功率转换，该功率转换设备包括：控制单元和功率单元。
返回参考上文图3所示的充电方法200，图11示出了本申请实施例提供的充电方法200的另一种示意性流程图。
如图11所示，上述步骤210可以包括：步骤211：控制单元获取动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度。
上述步骤220可以包括：步骤221：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元将功率单元的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。
具体地，在本步骤中，在脉冲充电模式下，控制单元控制功率单元的运行，使得功率单元可产生脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流。
可选地，控制单元控制功率单元中的软件程序和/或硬件电路，从而控制功率单元的运行状态，使得功率单元能够将其从充电桩接收的直流电转换为脉冲电。
作为示例，在图2所示的功率转换设备110中，控制单元控制第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3闭合，并控制第一继电器K1断开，以实现功率转换模块连接至充电桩120和动力电池131之间，使得功率转换模块运行，并将其从充电桩接收的直流电转换为脉冲电。
上述步骤230可以包括：步骤231：在脉冲充电模式下，功率单元对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对动力电池充电。
具体地，在本步骤中，功率转换设备中的功率单元用于实现对充电桩的充电功率的转换，并将转换后的充电功率输出至动力电池，以对动力电池进行充电。其中，在脉冲充电模式下，功率转换设备转换后的充电功率为脉冲式充电电压或者脉冲式充电电流。
具体地，在本申请实施例中，功率转换设备通过控制单元和功率单元的相互配合实现采用脉冲充电模式对动力电池进行充电。具体方案可以参见上文图3中的相关描述，此处不再具体赘述。
类似地，针对上文图5中所示的方法200，上述步骤240可以包括：步骤241：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元将功率单元的充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式。
具体地，在本步骤中，在直流充电模式下，控制单元控制功率单元的运行，使 得功率单元可输出恒定的电压或者为恒定的电流。
作为示例，控制单元可通过控制功率单元中的软件程序和/或硬件电路，从而控制功率单元中各功能模块的运行状态，使得功率单元能够将其从充电桩接收的直流电直接输出至动力电池。
例如，在图2所示的功率转换设备110中，控制单元可控制第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3断开，并控制第一继电器K1闭合，以实现充电桩120和动力电池131之间直接的电连接，使得功率单元111能够将其从充电桩120接收的直流电直接输出至动力电池131。
更进一步地，在图2所示的功率转换设备110中，控制单元还可控制功率转换模块停止运行，以进一步增强在充电模式切换过程中的可靠性和灵活性。
上述步骤250可以包括：步骤251：在直流充电模式下，功率单元将充电桩的充电功率传输至动力电池。
类似地，针对上文图4和图6中所示的方法300，上述步骤310可以包括：步骤311：控制单元获取动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池电压。
上述步骤320可以包括：步骤321：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元将功率单元的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。
上述步骤330可以包括：步骤331：在脉冲充电模式下，功率单元对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对动力电池充电。
上述步骤340可以包括：步骤341：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值，或电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元将功率单元的充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式。
上述步骤350可以包括：步骤351：在直流充电模式下，功率单元将充电桩的充电功率传输至动力电池。
具体地，在本申请实施例中，功率转换设备通过控制单元和功率单元的相互配合实现将脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式对动力电池进行充电。具体方案可以参见上文图4至图6中的相关描述，此处不再具体赘述。
返回参考图7中所示的充电方法400，图12示出了本申请实施例提供的充电方法400的另一种示意性流程图。
如图12所示，上述步骤410可包括：步骤4101：电池管理系统BMS向控制单元发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
可选地，电池管理系统BMS还可以向控制单元发送动力电池的电池电压等其它参数。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，动力电池的电池温度可通过动力蓄电池状态信息报文(BSM)发送至控制单元，动力电池的电池荷电状态SOC、电池电压等参数可通过电池充电状态报文(BCS)发送至控制单元。
上述步骤421可包括：步骤4211：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元根据状态参数确定脉冲充电信息。
具体地，在该步骤中，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元根据电池温度以及SOC共同确定的脉冲充电信息，既能够适应于动力电池的当前温度，也能够适应于动力电池的SOC。
或者，在该步骤的另一实施方式中，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元根据电池温度以及SOC共同确定的脉冲充电信息。
上述步骤422可包括：步骤4221：控制单元向功率单元发送脉冲充电信息。
可选地，控制单元根据电池温度以及SOC确定脉冲充电信息可有多种实现方式，作为一种示例，可确定电池温度、SOC以及脉冲充电信息的映射关系，根据该映射关系，确定具体的脉冲充电信息，其中，该映射关系可以是由大量的实验数据拟合得到的映射关系，具有较高的可信度和准确度。此外，在其它示例中，还可根据大量的实验数据训练专用的神经网络模型，该神经网络模型可根据输入的电池温度以及SOC，输出脉冲充电信息。
步骤4222：功率单元根据脉冲充电信息确定第一直流充电信息。
具体地，功率单元可以根据脉冲充电信息，确定与该脉冲充电信息对应的第一直流充电信息，该第一直流充电信息可以包括以下信息中的至少一种：充电需求电压、充电需求电流以及充电需求模式。其中，充电需求模式可以为恒流模式或恒压模式。
步骤4223：功率单元向控制单元发送第一直流充电信息。
上述步骤423可包括：步骤4231：控制单元向充电桩发送第一直流充电信息。
具体地，控制单元将其从功率单元接收的第一直流充电信息转发至充电桩。
可选地，在一些实施方式中，第一直流充电信息可以作为BMS的充电需求发送至充电桩。可选地，该控制单元可通过电池充电需求(BCL)报文发送该第一直流充电信息。或者，在其它实施方式中，该第一直流充电信息也可以通过其它报文发送至充电桩，本申请实施例对该报文类型和发送方式不做具体限定。
上述步骤431可包括：步骤4311：充电桩向功率单元输出直流电流。
上述步骤432可包括：步骤4321：控制单元向功率单元发送启动输出消息。
具体地，该启动输出消息用于指示功率单元开始运行，以实现后续步骤4322。
步骤4322：功率单元将直流电流转换为脉冲电流。
上述步骤433可包括：步骤4331：功率单元向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
具体而言，本申请实施例的具体实施方案可以参见上文中图7中所示的充电方法400的相关描述，为了简洁，此处不再做过多具体赘述。
返回参考图8中所示的充电方法500，图13示出了本申请实施例提供的充电方法500的另一种示意性流程图。
如图13所示，上述步骤510可包括：步骤5101：电池管理系统BMS向控制单元发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
上述步骤521可包括：步骤5211：在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
可选地，在该步骤的其它实施方式中，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时且电池 电压低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
可选地，在该步骤5211之前，控制单元可向充电桩发送电池充电需求报文(BCL)，具体地，该需求报文中，需求电压可为动力电池的总电压，需求电流设置为充电桩的最小可输出电流，例如，10A的电流值。
上述步骤522可包括：步骤5221：控制单元获取输入端和输出端电压压差，判断电压压差是否小于第三预设阈值。
可选地，在本步骤中，控制单元在实现将功率单元的充电模式从直流充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式的过程中，涉及到继电器的开关控制，由于功率单元的输入端和输出端压差过大时，容易造成继电器的损坏，影响功率转换设备的正常工作。因此，为了保护继电器以及保证功率转换设备的性能，在控制继电器开关之前，控制单元还可获取功率单元的输入端与输出端的电压压差，判断该电压压差是否小于第三预设阈值，若该电压压差小于第三预设阈值，控制单元执行后续动作。若该电压压差不小于第三预设阈值，则控制单元控制功率单元停止输出，或者，还可以等待一段时间直至电压压差小于第三预设阈值。
可选地，在一些实施方式中，控制单元可直接检测功率单元的输入端与输出端的电压压差，或者，在另一些实施方式中，控制单元可接收动力电池发送的电压值和充电桩发送的电压值，将该动力电池发送的电压值作为功率单元输出端的电压，将该充电桩发送的电压值作为功率单元输入端的电压。
具体而言，若将功率单元的充电模式从直流充电模式切换至脉冲充电模式，在功率单元的输入端和输出端的电压压差小于第三预设阈值时，功率转换设备中继电器状态改变，例如，图2中的第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3闭合，将功率单元与充电桩和动力电池电连接。
上述步骤523可包括以下步骤。
步骤5231：控制单元向功率单元发送预充指令。
步骤5232：功率单元进行预充电。
步骤5233：功率单元向控制单元发送其预充状态。
步骤5234：控制单元判断功率单元是否预充成功。
在充电桩停止输出直流电流，且第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3闭合后，控制单元向功率单元发送预充指令。功率单元根据该预充指令开始预充电，该预充电包括：对功率单元中的电容器进行充电。
在功率单元的预充过程中，功率单元实时向控制单元发送其预充状态，控制单元根据该预充状态判断功率单元是否预充成功，若成功，则控制单元执行后续操作，若不成功，则控制功率单元停止输出。
进一步地，若预充成功，则控制单元控制图2中的第一继电器K1断开，以断开充电桩与动力电池之间的直流连接。
上述步骤524可包括：步骤5241：控制单元根据状态参数确定脉冲充电信息。
上述步骤525可以下步骤。
步骤5251：控制单元向功率单元发送脉冲充电信息。
步骤5252：功率单元根据脉冲充电信息确定第一直流充电信息。
步骤5253：功率单元向控制单元发送第一直流充电信息。
上述步骤526可包括：步骤5261：控制单元向充电桩发送第一直流充电信息。
上述步骤531可包括：步骤5311：充电桩向功率单元输出直流电流。
上述步骤532可包括：步骤5321：控制单元向功率单元发送启动输出消息；步骤5322：功率单元将直流电流转换为脉冲电流。
上述步骤533可包括：步骤5331：功率单元向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
具体而言，本申请实施例的具体实施方案可以参见上文中图8中所示的充电方法500的相关描述，为了简洁，此处不再做过多具体赘述。
返回参考图9中所示的充电方法600，图14示出了本申请实施例提供的充电方法600的另一种示意性流程图。
如图14所示，上述步骤611可包括：步骤6111：电池管理系统BMS向控制单元发送动力电池的第二直流充电信息。
可选地，在一些实施方式中，电池管理系统BMS可通过电池充电需求(BCL)报文向控制单元发送动力电池的第二直流充电信息。
或者，在一些其它的实施方式中，该第一直流充电信息也可以通过其它报文发送至控制单元，本申请实施例对该报文类型和发送方式不做具体限定。
上述步骤612可包括：步骤6121：电池管理系统BMS向控制单元发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
可选地，该电池管理系统BMS还可以向控制单元发送动力电池的电池电压等其它参数。
上述步骤621可包括：步骤6211：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元向功率单元发送禁止输出消息。
具体地，在本步骤中，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元向功率单元发送禁止输出消息以控制功率单元停止输出脉冲电流。
可选地，在本步骤的另一实施方式中，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，或者电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元向功率单元发送禁止输出消息以控制功率单元停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流。
可选地，该禁止输出消息可包括多种类型，例如，可包括暂停输出消息和停止输出消息，其中，暂停输出消息用于指示功率单元暂时停止输出脉冲电流，且功率单元在该状态下，若其收到启动输出消息，可恢复输出脉冲电流。但停止输出消息用于指示功率单元中的电容执行下电泄放过程，功率单元进入休眠状态。
可选地，该禁止输出消息和上文中控制单元向功率单元发送的启动输出消息通过同一类型的报文携带。作为示例，在该报文中，启动输出消息表示为“1”，禁止输出消息中，暂停输出消息表示为“2”，停止输出消息表示为“3”。
上述步骤622可包括：步骤6221：控制单元向充电桩发送该第二直流充电信息。
上述步骤631可包括：步骤6311：充电桩通过功率单元向动力电池输出直流电 流。
具体地，在本步骤中，通过闭合功率单元中的第一继电器K1，并断开第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3，以实现充电桩和动力电池两者之间直接的电连接，从而实现充电桩通过功率单元向动力电池输出直流电流。
返回参考图10中所示的充电方法600，图15示出了本申请实施例提供的充电方法700的另一种示意性流程图。
如图15所示，上述步骤711可包括：步骤7111：电池管理系统BMS向功率转换设备发送动力电池的第二直流充电信息。
上述步骤712可包括：步骤7121：电池管理系统BMS向控制单元发送动力电池的电池状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度和电池荷电状态。
可选地，该电池管理系统BMS还可以向控制单元发送动力电池的电池电压等其它参数。
上述步骤721可包括：步骤7211：在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
可选地，在该步骤的其它实施方式中，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时或者电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元向充电桩发送充电禁止消息。
可选地，在该步骤7211之前，控制单元可向充电桩发送电池充电需求报文(BCL)，具体地，该需求报文中，需求电压可为动力电池的总电压，需求电流设置为充电桩的最小可输出电流，例如，10A的电流值。
上述步骤722可包括：步骤7221：控制单元向功率单元发送禁止输出消息。
具体地，控制单元向功率单元发送禁止输出消息，以控制该功率单元停止输出脉冲电流。
可选地，本步骤中的相关技术方案可以参见上文图14中步骤6211的相关描述，此处不再做过多赘述。
上述步骤723可包括：步骤7231：控制单元获取功率单元的输入端和输出端电压压差，判断电压压差是否小于第四预设阈值。
若电压压差小于第四预设阈值，则控制单元继续执行后续动作，若电压压差不小于第四预设阈值，则控制单元可持续等待直至电压压差小于第四预设阈值，在该情况下，若控制单元的等待时间大于一定阈值，则控制单元可向功率单元发送充电停止消息，使功率单元中的电容执行下电泄放。
具体地，在功率单元的输入端和输出端的电压压差小于第四预设阈值时，功率转换设备中继电器状态改变，例如，图2中的第一继电器K1闭合，第二继电器K2和第三继电器K3断开，以断开功率单元和充电桩的电连接、以及功率单元和动力电池的电连接，并直接将充电桩和动力电池进行电连接。
进一步地，在功率单元的输入端和输出端的电压压差小于第四预设阈值，且第一继电器K1闭合时，执行下述步骤7241。
上述步骤724可包括：步骤7241：控制单元向充电桩发送该第二直流充电信息和充电允许消息。
上述步骤731可包括：步骤7311：充电桩通过功率单元向动力电池输出直流电流。
需要说明的是，本申请中，除了提供以功率转换设备作为执行主体的充电方法以外，还提供以充电桩和BMS作为执行主体的充电方法。具体地，以充电桩和BMS作为执行主体的充电方法可以对应参见上文各方法实施例的相关描述，本文不做具体赘述。
上文结合图3至图15说明了本申请提供的充电方法的具体实施例，下面，结合图16至图18说明本申请提供的充电装置的具体实施例，可以理解的是，应理解，下述各实施例中的相关描述可以参考前述各实施例，为了简洁，不再赘述。
图16示出了本申请一个实施例的功率转换设备800的示意性结构图。如图16所示，该功率转换设备800包括：接收模块810，发送模块820和处理模块830。
在本申请一个实施例中，接收模块810用于接收动力电池的状态参数，该状态参数包括电池温度；处理模块830用于在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式；在该脉冲充电模式下，处理模块830用于对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对动力电池充电，该脉冲充电模式为输出脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式。
可选地，处理模块830还用于在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，将所述充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式；在直流充电模式下，处理模块830将充电桩的充电功率传输至动力电池以动力电池充电，其中，直流充电模式为输出恒定的电压或恒定的电流的充电模式。
可选地，状态参数还包括：电池电压；处理模块830用于在电池温度低于第一预设阈值且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。
可选地，状态参数还包括：电池电压，处理模块830用于在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值或电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，将充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式。
在处理模块830用于将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式的过程中，可选地，状态参数还包括电池荷电状态；发送模块820用于向充电桩发送第一直流充电信息，第一直流充电信息是处理模块830根据脉冲充电信息确定的，其中，脉冲充电信息包括以下信息的至少一种：脉冲电流信息、脉冲电压信息、脉冲方向信息、脉冲频率信息和脉冲时间信息，脉冲充电信息是处理模块830根据电池温度和电池荷电状态确定的；在脉冲充电模式下，处理模块830用于向动力电池输出脉冲电流，其中，脉冲电流基于脉冲充电信息将直流电流转换生成，直流电流是充电桩根据第一直流充电信息输出给处理模块830的直流电流。
可选地，在处理模块830将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式之前，发送模块820还用于向充电桩发送充电禁止消息，该充电禁止消息用于指示充电桩停止向处理模块830输出直流电流。
可选地，在发送模块820用于向充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，处理模块830还用于进行预充电。
可选地，处理模块830用于获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差；若电压压差小于第三预设阈值，处理模块830进行预充电。
在处理模块830用于将充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式的过程中，可选地，处理模块830用于停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流；接收模块810还用于接收动力电池的第二直流充电信息，发送模块820还用于向充电桩发送第二直流充电信息；处理模块830用于将充电桩根据第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至动力电池以对动力电池充电。
可选地，在处理模块830用于停止向动力电池输出脉冲电流之前，发送模块820还用于向充电桩发送充电禁止消息，该充电禁止消息用于指示充电桩停止向功率转换设备输出直流电流。
可选地，处理模块830用于获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差；若电压压差小于第四预设阈值，处理模块830用于将充电桩根据第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至动力电池以对动力电池充电。
可选地，上述动力电池的状态参数为动力电池的电池管理系统获取的参数。
图17示出了本申请另一个实施例的功率转换设备900的示意性图。如图8所示，该功率转换设备900包括：控制单元910和功率单元920。可选地，该控制单元910可为图2中所示控制单元112，该功率单元920可为图2中所示的功率单元111，其可包括图2中所示的功率转换模块、第一继电器K1、第二继电器K2以及第三继电器K3。
可选地，下文中的动力电池、电池管理系统BMS以及充电桩对应的可为图2中所示的动力电池131、BMS 132以及充电桩120。
具体地，在本申请实施例提供的功率转换装置900中，控制单元910用于获取动力电池的状态参数，该状态参数包括动力电池的电池温度；在电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元910用于将功率单元920的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，在该脉冲充电模式下，功率单元920对动力电池对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对动力电池进行充电，该脉冲充电模式为采用脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式。
可选地，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，控制单元910还用于：将功率单元920的充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在该直流充电模式下，功率单元920用于将充电桩的充电功率传输至动力电池以对动力电池充电，其中，直流充电模式为采用恒定的电压或恒定的电流的充电模式。
可选地，控制单元910获取的动力电池的状态参数还包括：电池电压，在电池温度低于第一预设阈值且电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元910用于将功率单元920的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式。
可选地，控制单元910获取的动力电池的状态参数还包括：电池电压，在电池温度不低于第一预设阈值或电池电压不低于第二预设阈值时，控制单元910用于将功率单元920的充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式。
在控制单元910用于将功率单元920的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式的过程中，可选地，状态参数还包括电池荷电状态；控制单元910用于根据电池温度和电池 荷电状态确定脉冲充电信息，并向功率单元920发送脉冲充电信息，脉冲充电信息包括以下信息的至少一种：脉冲电流、脉冲电压、脉冲方向、脉冲频率和脉冲时间；功率单元920用于根据脉冲充电信息，确定与脉冲充电信息对应的第一直流充电信息，并向控制单元910发送第一直流充电信息；控制单元910用于向充电桩发送第一直流充电信息，并控制功率单元920向动力电池输出脉冲电流，其中，脉冲电流基于脉冲充电信息将直流电流转换生成，直流电流是充电桩根据第一直流充电信息输出给功率单元920的直流电流。
可选地，在控制单元910用于将功率单元920的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式之前，控制单元910还用于：向充电桩发送充电禁止消息，其中，充电禁止消息用于指示充电桩停止向功率单元920输出直流电流。
可选地，在控制单元910用于向充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，控制单元910还用于向功率单元920发送预充指令，功率单元920用于根据预充指令进行预充电。
可选地，功率单元920用于获取其输入端的电压与输出端的电压，并将输入端的电压与输出端的电压发送给控制单元910；若输入端与输出端的电压压差小于第三预设阈值，控制单元910用于向功率单元920发送预充指令。
在控制单元910用于将功率单元920的充电模式从脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式的过程中，可选地，控制单元910还用于获取动力电池的第二直流充电信息，第二直流充电信息为根据动力电池的状态参数确定的直流充电信息；控制单元910用于控制功率单元920停止输出脉冲电流；控制单元910用于控制功率单元920向动力电池输出充电桩根据第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流。
可选地，在控制单元910用于控制功率单元920停止输出脉冲电流之前，控制单元910还用于：向充电桩发送充电禁止消息，充电禁止消息用于指示充电桩停止向功率单元920输出直流电流。
可选地，控制单元910用于获取功率单元920的输入端与输出端的电压压差；若电压压差小于第四预设阈值，控制单元910用于控制功率单元920向动力电池输出充电桩根据第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流。
可选地，上述动力电池的状态参数为动力电池的电池管理系统获取的参数。
图18示出了本申请另一个实施例的电子装置1000的示意性图。如图18所示，电子装置1000包括存储器1010和处理器1020，其中，存储器1010用于存储计算机程序，处理器1020用于读取所述计算机程序并基于所述计算机程序执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法。
可选地，该电子装置1000可用于：充电桩、BMS和功率转换设备中任意一种或者多种。本申请实施例中，除了功率转换设备中的处理器读取相应的计算机程序并基于该计算机程序执行前述各种实施例中功率转换设备对应的充电方法以外，充电桩或者BMS中的处理器也可读取相应的计算机程序并基于该计算机程序执行前述各种实施例中充电桩或者BMS对应的充电方法。
此外，本申请实施例还提供了一种可读存储介质，用于存储计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于执行前述本申请各种实施例的方法。可选地，该计算机程序可以为上 述功率转换设备、充电桩和BMS中的一个或者多个设备中的计算机程序。
应理解，本文中的具体的例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围。
还应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
还应理解，本说明书中描述的各种实施方式，既可以单独实施，也可以组合实施，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种充电的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    功率转换设备获取动力电池的状态参数，所述状态参数包括电池温度；
    在所述电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，所述功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式；
    在所述脉冲充电模式下，所述功率转换设备对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对所述动力电池充电，所述脉冲充电模式为输出脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述电池温度不低于所述第一预设阈值时，所述功率转换设备将所述充电模式从所述脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式；
    在所述直流充电模式下，所述功率转换设备将所述充电桩的充电功率传输至所述动力电池以对所述动力电池充电，其中，所述直流充电模式为输出恒定的电压或恒定的电流的充电模式。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述状态参数还包括：电池电压；
    所述在所述电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，所述功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，包括：
    在所述电池温度低于所述第一预设阈值且所述电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，所述功率转换设备将所述充电模式设置为所述脉冲充电模式。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述状态参数还包括：电池电压，
    在所述电池温度不低于所述第一预设阈值时，所述功率转换设备将所述充电模式从所述脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，包括：
    在所述电池温度不低于所述第一预设阈值或所述电池电压不低于所述第二预设阈值时，所述功率转换设备将所述充电模式从所述脉冲充电模式切换至所述直流充电模式。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述状态参数还包括电池荷电状态；
    所述功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，包括：
    所述功率转换设备向所述充电桩发送第一直流充电信息，所述第一直流充电信息是所述功率转换设备根据脉冲充电信息确定的，其中，所述脉冲充电信息包括以下信息的至少一种：脉冲电流信息、脉冲电压信息、脉冲方向信息、脉冲频率信息和脉冲时间信息，所述脉冲充电信息是所述功率转换设备根据所述电池温度和所述电池荷电状态确定的；
    所述在所述脉冲充电模式下，所述功率转换设备对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对所述动力电池充电，包括：
    所述功率转换设备向所述动力电池输出脉冲电流，其中，所述脉冲电流基于所述脉冲充电信息将直流电流转换生成，所述直流电流是所述充电桩根据所述第一直流充电信息输出给所述功率转换设备的直流电流。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述功率转换设备将充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述功率转换设备向所述充电桩发送充电禁止消息，所述充电禁止消息用于指示所述充电桩停止向所述功率转换设备输出直流电流。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述功率转换设备向所述充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述功率转换设备进行预充电。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备进行预充电，包括：
    所述功率转换设备获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差；
    若所述电压压差小于第三预设阈值，所述功率转换设备进行预充电。
  9. 根据权利要求2或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备将所述充电模式从所述脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，包括：
    所述功率转换设备停止向所述动力电池输出脉冲电流；
    所述功率转换设备获取所述动力电池的第二直流充电信息，并向所述充电桩发送所述第二直流充电信息；
    所述功率转换设备将所述充电桩的充电功率传输至所述动力电池以对所述动力电池充电，包括：
    所述功率转换设备将所述充电桩根据所述第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至所述动力电池以对所述动力电池充电。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述功率转换设备停止向所述动力电池输出脉冲电流之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述功率转换设备向所述充电桩发送充电禁止消息，所述充电禁止消息用于指示所述充电桩停止向所述功率转换设备输出直流电流。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备将所述充电桩根据所述第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至所述动力电池以对所述动力电池充电，包括：
    所述功率转换设备获取其输入端与输出端的电压压差；
    若所述电压压差小于第四预设阈值，所述功率转换设备将所述充电桩根据所述第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流输出至所述动力电池以对所述动力电池充电。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述功率转换设备获取动力电池的状态参数，包括：
    所述功率转换设备接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的所述动力电池的状态参数。
  13. 一种功率转换设备，其特征在于，包括：控制单元和功率单元；
    所述控制单元用于获取所述动力电池的状态参数，所述状态参数包括所述动力电池的电池温度；
    在所述电池温度低于第一预设阈值时，所述控制单元用于将所述功率单元的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式，在所述脉冲充电模式下，所述功率单元对充电桩的充电功率进行转换后对所述动力电池充电，所述脉冲充电模式为采用脉冲式的电压或脉冲式的电流的充电模式。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，在所述电池温度不低于第一预设阈值时，所述控制单元还用于：
    将所述功率单元的所述充电模式从所述脉冲充电模式切换至直流充电模式，在所述直流充电模式下，所述功率单元用于将所述充电桩的充电功率传输至所述动力电池以对所述动力电池充电，其中，所述直流充电模式为采用恒定的电压或恒定的电流的充电模式。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述状态参数还包括：电池电压，
    在所述电池温度低于所述第一预设阈值且所述电池电压低于第二预设阈值时，所述控制单元用于将所述功率单元的所述充电模式设置为所述脉冲充电模式。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述状态参数还包括：电池电压，
    在所述电池温度不低于所述第一预设阈值或所述电池电压不低于所述第二预设阈值时，所述控制单元用于将所述功率单元的所述充电模式从所述脉冲充电模式切换至所述直流充电模式。
  17. 根据权利要求13至16中任一项所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述状态参数还包括电池荷电状态；
    所述控制单元用于根据所述电池温度和所述电池荷电状态确定脉冲充电信息，并向所述功率单元发送所述脉冲充电信息，所述脉冲充电信息包括以下信息的至少一种：脉冲电流、脉冲电压、脉冲方向、脉冲频率和脉冲时间；
    所述功率单元用于根据所述脉冲充电信息，确定与所述脉冲充电信息对应的第一直流充电信息，并向所述控制单元发送所述第一直流充电信息；
    所述控制单元用于向所述充电桩发送所述第一直流充电信息，并控制所述功率单元向所述动力电池输出脉冲电流，其中，所述脉冲电流基于所述脉冲充电信息将直流电流转换生成，所述直流电流是所述充电桩根据所述第一直流充电信息输出给所述功率单元的直流电流。
  18. 根据权利要求13至17中任一项所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，在所述控制单元用于将所述功率单元的充电模式设置为脉冲充电模式之前，所述控制单元还用于：
    向所述充电桩发送充电禁止消息，其中，所述充电禁止消息用于指示所述充电桩停止向所述功率单元输出直流电流。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，在所述控制单元用于向 所述充电桩发送充电禁止消息之后，
    所述控制单元还用于向所述功率单元发送预充指令；
    所述功率单元用于根据所述预充指令进行预充电。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元用于获取所述功率单元的输入端与输出端的电压压差；
    若所述电压压差小于第三预设阈值，所述控制单元用于向所述功率单元发送预充指令。
  21. 根据权利要求14或16所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元还用于获取所述动力电池的第二直流充电信息；
    所述控制单元用于控制所述功率单元停止输出脉冲电流；
    所述控制单元用于控制所述功率单元向所述动力电池输出所述充电桩根据所述第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，在所述控制单元用于控制所述功率单元停止输出脉冲电流之前，所述控制单元还用于：
    向所述充电桩发送充电禁止消息，所述充电禁止消息用于指示所述充电桩停止向所述功率单元输出直流电流。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元用于获取所述功率单元的输入端与输出端的电压压差；
    若所述电压压差小于第四预设阈值，所述控制单元用于控制所述功率单元向所述动力电池输出所述充电桩根据所述第二直流充电信息输出的直流电流。
  24. 根据权利要求13至23中任一项所述的功率转换设备，其特征在于，所述控制单元用于接收所述动力电池的电池管理系统发送的所述动力电池的状态参数。
  25. 一种功率转换设备，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于调用所述计算机程序，执行如权利要求1至12中任一项所述的充电的方法。
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