WO2022172887A1 - 情報処理装置、情報処理方法、プログラム及びシステム - Google Patents
情報処理装置、情報処理方法、プログラム及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022172887A1 WO2022172887A1 PCT/JP2022/004666 JP2022004666W WO2022172887A1 WO 2022172887 A1 WO2022172887 A1 WO 2022172887A1 JP 2022004666 W JP2022004666 W JP 2022004666W WO 2022172887 A1 WO2022172887 A1 WO 2022172887A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- processor
- pallet
- article
- articles
- communication unit
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination
- B07C3/008—Means for collecting objects, e.g. containers for sorted mail items
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/0093—Program-controlled manipulators co-operating with conveyor means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
- B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
- B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed
- B65G1/1371—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed with data records
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/063—Automatically guided
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/0755—Position control; Position detectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
- B65G1/02—Storage devices
- B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
- B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed
- B65G1/1373—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses
- B65G1/1378—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses the orders being assembled on fixed commissioning areas remote from the storage areas
Definitions
- the embodiments of the present invention relate to information processing devices, information processing methods, programs and systems.
- a system that sorts items by destination. Such systems include sorters for sorting articles by destination.
- the system also includes a mechanism for palletizing the articles sorted by destination by the sorter.
- the system must have a mechanism for palletizing for each destination.
- an information processing device an information processing method, a program, and a system that can effectively perform palletizing are provided.
- an information processing device includes a communication unit and a processor.
- the communication unit communicates with a host device that manages articles and sorting destinations of the articles, and an automatic guided vehicle that conveys a roll pallet on which articles are loaded for each sorting destination.
- the processor acquires the article and information on the sorting destination of the article from the host device through the communication unit, and conveys the roll pallet set for each sorting destination to a predetermined area through the communication unit. control to transmit a control signal to the automatic guided vehicle so as to
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a physical distribution system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a control system of the physical distribution system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the WES according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the first WCS according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the second WCS according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the robot according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the AGV according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a physical distribution system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a control system of the physical distribution system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a sorting list according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an inventory database according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of WES according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a physical distribution system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing an operation example of WES according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a physical distribution system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an AGV according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an operation example of the physical distribution system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an operation example of the physical distribution system according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a flow chart showing an operation example of WES according to the third embodiment.
- a distribution system sorts articles stored in a warehouse by destination.
- a physical distribution system uses an Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) to call roll pallets on which articles are loaded for each destination. Also, the physical distribution system takes out warehouse pallets loaded with goods from the warehouse.
- a physical distribution system uses a robot to move articles from a warehouse pallet to a roll pallet called out.
- a physical distribution system carries in a truck or the like articles loaded on a roll pallet.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a configuration example of a distribution system 100 according to an embodiment.
- a physical distribution system 100 includes a warehouse 1, a conveyor 2, a warehouse pallet 3, a robot, an AGV 7, a roll pallet 8, and the like.
- the robot 4 grasps and moves the item.
- the robot 4 grips an article present in areas A to D formed around it.
- the robot 4 loads the gripped articles onto the areas A to D. As shown in FIG. The robot 4 will be detailed later.
- the warehouse 1 stores in advance warehouse pallets 3 loaded with goods.
- the warehouse 1 stores a plurality of warehouse pallets 3.
- a warehouse 1 is delivered with a warehouse pallet 3 by a robot, an attendant, or the like.
- the warehouse pallet 3 is loaded with goods.
- the warehouse pallet 3 loads (single load) one type of article.
- the warehouse pallet 3 may be one on which a plurality of articles of a predetermined type are loaded.
- the conveyor 2 (dispensing mechanism) dispenses the warehouse pallet 3 from the warehouse 1 according to a control signal from the WES 10 (information processing device) described later. For example, the conveyor 2 loads the warehouse pallet 3 by the action of a robot, attendant, or the like. The conveyor 2 delivers the loaded warehouse pallet 3.
- the conveyor 2 delivers the warehouse pallet 3 to areas C and D according to control signals such as WES10. Conveyor 2 also returns warehouse pallets 3 existing in areas C and D to warehouse 1 .
- the conveyor 2 may be formed integrally with the warehouse 1 .
- AGV 7 conveys roll pallet 8 .
- the AGV 7 operates based on a control signal or the like from the WES 10 or the like. For example, the AGV 7 travels toward the specified loading position and picks up the roll pallet 8 at the specified loading position.
- the AGV 7 travels toward the designated loading/unloading position (area A or B) and unloads the roll pallet 8 at the designated loading/unloading position.
- AGV7 will be described in detail later.
- a physical distribution system 100 includes a plurality of AGVs 7 .
- a plurality of roll pallets 8 are arranged in a predetermined area.
- the roll pallet 8 is a shelf for storing articles.
- Each roll pallet 8 stores articles to be delivered to each destination.
- the roll pallet 8 stands upright with four supports.
- the height under the shelf of the roll pallet 8 (the height from the floor surface to the bottom of the shelf) is higher than the height of the AGV7.
- the AGV 7 can get under the shelf of the roll pallet 8. - ⁇
- the AGV 7 crawled under the shelf lifts the roll pallet 8 by a pusher to the extent that the tip of the column is separated from the floor surface by several centimeters, and travels with the roll pallet 8 lifted.
- the AGV 7 conveys the roll pallet 8 in this manner.
- shelf identification information that can be read by a fixed camera or a mobile camera may be attached to the roll pallet 8 .
- Articles may also be labeled with article identification information that can be read by a fixed or mobile camera or the like.
- the shelf identification information and article identification information are barcodes or two-dimensional codes.
- the physical distribution system 100 may include a plurality of readers for reading the shelf identification information and article identification information, in addition to the fixed camera or mobile camera.
- the roll pallet 8 may be provided with a basket or the like.
- the roll pallet 8 may be one provided with casters such as a cart.
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of a control system of the physical distribution system 100.
- the logistics system 100 includes a warehouse 1, a conveyor 2, a robot 4, a WMS 5, an AGV 7, a WES 10, a first WCS 20, a second WCS 30, and so on.
- the WES 10 is communicably connected to the warehouse 1, the conveyor 2, the WMS 5, the first WCS 20 and the second WCS 30. Also, the first WCS 20 is communicably connected to the robot 4 . Also, the second WCS 30 is communicably connected to the AGV 7 .
- a WMS 5 (Warehouse Management System) (upper device) controls the entire physical distribution system 100 .
- the WMS 5 transmits to the WES 10 a sorting list indicating the articles and their sorting destinations (destinations).
- the sorting list will be detailed later.
- WMS5 is comprised from PC etc.
- the WES 10 (Warehouse Execution System) controls the robot 4 and AGV 7 according to the sorting list from the WMS 5.
- WES 10 controls robot 4 through first WCS 20 .
- WES 10 also controls AGV 7 through second WCS 30 .
- the WES 10 will be detailed later.
- a first WCS 20 (Warehouse Control System) controls the robot 4 according to control signals from the WES 10 .
- a first WCS 20 functions as a controller for the robot 4 .
- the first WCS 20 will be detailed later.
- the second WCS 30 controls the AGV 7 according to the control signal from the WES 10.
- the second WCS 30 functions as a controller for the AGV7.
- the second WCS 30 will be detailed later.
- the physical distribution system 100 may have a configuration according to need, or a specific configuration may be excluded from the physical distribution system 100.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the WES 10.
- the WES 10 includes a processor 11, a ROM 12, a RAM 13, an NVM 14, a communication section 15, an operation section 16, a display section 17, and the like.
- the processor 11, ROM 12, RAM 13, NVM 14, communication unit 15, operation unit 16, and display unit 17 are connected to each other via a data bus or the like. It should be noted that the WES 10 may have a configuration other than the configuration shown in FIG. 3 as necessary, or may exclude a specific configuration from the WES 10.
- the processor 11 has the function of controlling the operation of the WES 10 as a whole.
- Processor 11 may include an internal cache, various interfaces, and the like.
- the processor 11 implements various processes by executing programs pre-stored in the internal memory, ROM 12 or NVM 14 .
- processor 11 controls the functions performed by the hardware circuits.
- the ROM 12 is a non-volatile memory in which control programs, control data, etc. are stored in advance.
- the control programs and control data stored in the ROM 12 are installed in advance according to the specifications of the WES 10 .
- the RAM 13 is a volatile memory.
- the RAM 13 temporarily stores data being processed by the processor 11 .
- RAM 13 stores various application programs based on instructions from processor 11 .
- the RAM 13 may store data necessary for executing the application program, execution results of the application program, and the like.
- the NVM 14 is a non-volatile memory in which data can be written and rewritten.
- the NVM 14 is composed of, for example, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), flash memory, or the like.
- the NVM 14 stores control programs, applications, various data, etc. according to the operational use of the WES 10 .
- the NVM 14 stores an inventory database that indicates the items stored in the warehouse 1.
- the inventory database will be detailed later.
- the communication unit 15 is an interface for communicating with the warehouse 1, the conveyor 2, the WMS 5, the first WCS 20, the second WCS 30, and the like.
- the communication unit 15 is an interface for transmitting/receiving data to/from the warehouse 1, the conveyor 2, the WMS 5, the first WCS 20, the second WCS 30, etc. through the network.
- the communication unit 15 connects to the robot 4 via the first WCS 20 .
- the communication unit 15 connects to the AGV 7 via the second WCS 30 .
- the communication unit 15 is an interface that supports wired or wireless LAN connection.
- the communication unit 15 functions as an interface for controlling the robot 4 and AGV 7.
- the operation unit 16 receives inputs for various operations from the operator.
- the operation unit 16 transmits a signal indicating the input operation to the processor 11 .
- the operation unit 16 may be composed of a touch panel.
- the display unit 17 displays image data from the processor 11 .
- the display unit 17 is composed of a liquid crystal monitor.
- the display section 17 may be formed integrally with the operating section 16 .
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the first WCS 20.
- the first WCS 20 includes a processor 21, ROM 22, RAM 23, NVM 24, communication section 25, robot interface 26, operation section 27, display section 28, and the like.
- the processor 21, ROM 22, RAM 23, NVM 24, robot interface 26, communication section 25, operation section 27 and display section 28 are connected to each other via a data bus or the like.
- the first WCS 20 may have a configuration other than the configuration shown in FIG. 4 as necessary, or a specific configuration may be excluded from the first WCS 20 .
- the processor 21 has the function of controlling the operation of the first WCS 20 as a whole.
- Processor 21 may include an internal cache, various interfaces, and the like.
- the processor 21 implements various processes by executing programs pre-stored in the internal memory, ROM 22 or NVM 24 .
- processor 21 controls the functions performed by the hardware circuits.
- the ROM 22 is a non-volatile memory in which control programs, control data, etc. are stored in advance.
- the control programs and control data stored in the ROM 22 are preinstalled according to the specifications of the first WCS 20 .
- the RAM 23 is a volatile memory.
- the RAM 23 temporarily stores data being processed by the processor 21 .
- RAM 23 stores various application programs based on instructions from processor 21 .
- the RAM 23 may store data necessary for executing the application program, execution results of the application program, and the like.
- the NVM 24 is a non-volatile memory in which data can be written and rewritten.
- the NVM 24 is composed of, for example, an HDD, SSD, flash memory, or the like.
- the NVM 24 stores control programs, applications, various data, etc. according to the operational use of the first WCS 20 .
- the communication unit 25 is an interface for communicating with the WES 10 and the like.
- the communication unit 25 is an interface for transmitting and receiving data to and from the WES 10 and the like via a network.
- the communication unit 25 is an interface that supports wired or wireless LAN connection.
- the robot interface 26 is an interface for communicating with the robot 4.
- the robot interface 26 may also support a USB (Universal Serial Bus) connection.
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- the operation unit 27 receives inputs for various operations from the operator.
- the operation unit 27 transmits a signal indicating the input operation to the processor 21 .
- the operation unit 27 may be composed of a touch panel.
- the display unit 28 displays image data from the processor 21 .
- the display unit 28 is composed of a liquid crystal monitor.
- the display section 28 may be formed integrally with the operating section 27 .
- the communication unit 25 and the robot interface 26 may be integrally formed.
- the processor 21 controls the robot 4 according to control signals from the WES 10. For example, the processor 21 causes the robot 4 to grip an article existing at a predetermined position (areas A to D). In addition, the processor 21 causes the robot 4 to load the article gripped onto a predetermined position (regions A to D).
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the second WCS 30.
- the second WCS 30 includes a processor 31, ROM 32, RAM 33, NVM 34, communication section 35, AGV interface 36, operation section 37, display section 38, and the like.
- the processor 31, ROM 32, RAM 33, NVM 34, AGV interface 36, communication section 35, operation section 37 and display section 38 are connected to each other via a data bus or the like.
- the second WCS 30 may have a configuration other than the configuration shown in FIG. 5 as necessary, or a specific configuration may be excluded from the second WCS 30 .
- the processor 31 has the function of controlling the operation of the second WCS 30 as a whole.
- Processor 31 may include internal caches, various interfaces, and the like.
- the processor 31 implements various processes by executing programs pre-stored in the internal memory, ROM 32 or NVM 34 .
- processor 31 controls the functions performed by the hardware circuits.
- the ROM 32 is a non-volatile memory in which control programs, control data, etc. are stored in advance.
- the control programs and control data stored in the ROM 32 are preinstalled according to the specifications of the second WCS 30 .
- the RAM 33 is a volatile memory.
- the RAM 33 temporarily stores data being processed by the processor 31 .
- RAM 33 stores various application programs based on instructions from processor 31 .
- the RAM 33 may store data necessary for executing the application program, execution results of the application program, and the like.
- the NVM 34 is a non-volatile memory in which data can be written and rewritten.
- the NVM 34 is composed of, for example, an HDD, SSD, flash memory, or the like.
- the NVM 34 stores control programs, applications, various data, etc. according to the operational use of the second WCS 30 .
- the communication unit 35 is an interface for communicating with the WES 10 and the like.
- the communication unit 35 is an interface for transmitting/receiving data to/from the WES 10 or the like through a network.
- the communication unit 35 is an interface that supports wired or wireless LAN connection.
- the AGV interface 36 is an interface for communicating with the AGV7.
- AGV interface 36 wirelessly connects to AGV 7 .
- AGV interface 36 may support wireless LAN connectivity.
- the operation unit 37 receives inputs for various operations from the operator.
- the operation unit 37 transmits a signal indicating the input operation to the processor 31 .
- the operation unit 37 may be composed of a touch panel.
- the display unit 38 displays image data from the processor 31 .
- the display unit 38 is composed of a liquid crystal monitor.
- the display section 38 may be formed integrally with the operating section 37 .
- communication unit 35 and the AGV interface 36 may be integrally formed.
- the processor 31 controls the AGV 7 according to the control signal from the WES 10. For example, processor 31 causes AGV 7 to transport roll pallet 8 to areas A and B. The processor 31 also causes the AGV 7 to transport the roll pallet 8 from the areas A and B to its original position.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the robot 4.
- the robot 4 includes a processor 41, a ROM 42, a RAM 43, an NVM 44, a communication section 45, a robot arm 46, a grasping mechanism 47, and the like.
- the processor 41, the ROM 42, the RAM 43, the NVM 44, the communication section 45, the robot arm 46, and the gripping mechanism 47 are connected to each other via a data bus or the like.
- the robot 4 may have a configuration other than the configuration shown in FIG. 6 as necessary, or a specific configuration may be excluded from the robot 4 .
- the processor 41 has a function of controlling the motion of the robot 4 as a whole.
- the processor 41 may include an internal cache, various interfaces, and the like.
- the processor 41 implements various processes by executing programs pre-stored in the internal memory, ROM 42 or NVM 44 .
- processor 41 controls the functions performed by the hardware circuits.
- the processor 41 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the processor 41 may be realized by hardware such as LSI (Large Scale Integration), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array).
- the ROM 42 is a non-volatile memory in which control programs, control data, etc. are stored in advance.
- the control program and control data stored in the ROM 42 are installed in advance according to the specifications of the robot 4 .
- the RAM 43 is a volatile memory.
- the RAM 43 temporarily stores data being processed by the processor 41 .
- RAM 43 stores various application programs based on instructions from processor 41 .
- the RAM 43 may store data necessary for executing the application program, execution results of the application program, and the like.
- the NVM 44 is a non-volatile memory in which data can be written and rewritten.
- NVM44 is comprised from HDD, SSD, or flash memory, etc., for example.
- the NVM 44 stores control programs, applications, various data, etc. according to the operational use of the robot 4 .
- the communication unit 45 is an interface for communicating with the first WCS 20 and the like.
- the communication unit 45 is an interface for transmitting/receiving data to/from the first WCS 20 or the like through a network.
- the communication unit 45 is an interface that supports USB connection.
- the robot arm 46 is a manipulator driven by the control of the processor 41.
- the robot arm 46 is composed of a rod-shaped frame, a motor for driving the frame, and the like.
- the robot arm 46 transports the gripping mechanism 47 to areas AD.
- the gripping mechanism 47 is installed at the tip of the robot arm 46.
- the gripping mechanism 47 moves as the robot arm 46 moves.
- the gripping mechanism 47 moves to a position for gripping the article as the robot arm 46 moves in a predetermined direction.
- the gripping mechanism 47 grips an article.
- the gripping mechanism 47 has a suction pad.
- the suction pad adheres to the article.
- the suction pad adheres to the article by vacuum suction.
- the suction pad creates a negative pressure inside based on control from the processor 41 .
- the suction pad vacuum-sucks to the surface of the article by creating a negative pressure inside while in contact with the surface of the article.
- the suction pad releases the article when the internal negative pressure is released.
- the gripping mechanism 47 may be provided with a plurality of suction pads.
- gripping mechanism 47 may include a gripper that grips an item.
- the gripper includes a plurality of fingers and a plurality of joint mechanisms connecting the fingers.
- the joint mechanism may be configured such that the fingers move in conjunction with the movement of the joint mechanism.
- the gripper applies force to the load from opposite directions, for example, at two or more points of contact with multiple fingers. Thereby, the gripping mechanism 47 grips the article by the friction generated between the fingers and the load.
- the configuration of the gripping mechanism 47 may use various gripping mechanisms capable of gripping an article, and is not limited to a specific configuration.
- the processor 41 controls the robot arm 46 and the grasping mechanism 47 according to control signals from the first WCS 20 .
- the processor 41 uses the robot arm 46 and the gripping mechanism 47 to grip items present in areas AD.
- the processor 41 also releases the articles gripped by the robot arm 46 and the gripping mechanism 47 to areas A to D.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the AGV7.
- the AGV 7 includes a processor 71, a ROM 72, a RAM 73, an NVM 74, a communication section 75, a driving section 76, a sensor 77, a battery 78, a charging mechanism 79, tires 70, and the like.
- the AGV 7 may have a configuration other than the configuration shown in FIG. 7 as necessary, or a specific configuration may be excluded from the AGV 7.
- the processor 71 has the function of controlling the operation of the entire AGV7.
- Processor 71 may include internal caches, various interfaces, and the like.
- the processor 71 implements various processes by executing programs pre-stored in the internal memory, ROM 72 or NVM 74 .
- the processor 71 is a CPU.
- the processor 71 may be realized by hardware such as LSI, ASIC, or FPGA.
- the processor 71 performs operations such as acceleration, deceleration, stopping, direction change, and loading/unloading of the roll pallet 8, such as calculation and control.
- the processor 71 executes a program stored in the ROM 72 or the like based on a control signal from the second WCS 30 or the like to generate a drive signal and output it to each part.
- the second WCS 30 sends a control signal to move the AGV 7 from the current position to the first position (position of the target roll pallet 8) and move from the first position to the second position (area A or B). to send.
- the second WCS 30 also sends a control signal to move the AGV 7 from the second position to the first position.
- the processor 71 of the AGV 7 outputs drive signals according to control signals transmitted from the second WCS 30 .
- the AGV 7 moves from the current position to the first position, from the first position to the second position, and from the second position to the first position.
- the processor 71 also outputs a drive signal according to the loading/unloading instruction of the roll pallet 8 included in the control signal transmitted from the second WCS 30 .
- the AGV 7 lifts the roll pallet 8 by the pusher and lowers the lifted roll pallet 8 .
- the ROM 72 is a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium and stores the above program.
- the ROM 72 also stores data or various set values used by the processor 71 in performing various processes.
- the RAM 73 is a memory used for reading and writing data.
- the RAM 73 is used as a so-called work area for storing data temporarily used when the processor 71 performs various processes.
- the NVM 74 is a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium, and may store the above program. In addition, the NVM 74 stores data used by the processor 71 to perform various processes, data generated by the processes performed by the processor 71, various setting values, and the like.
- the communication unit 75 is an interface that transmits/receives data to/from the second WCS 30 or the like through a wireless LAN access point or the like.
- communication unit 75 supports wireless LAN connection.
- the drive unit 76 is a motor or the like, and rotates or stops the motor based on a drive signal output from the processor 71 .
- the power of the motor is transmitted to tires 70 and then to the steering mechanism.
- the power from such a motor causes the AGV 7 to move to the target position.
- the drive unit 76 rotates (forwards) the motor based on the drive signal output from the processor 71 .
- the power from this motor lifts the pusher and lifts the roll pallet 8 .
- the driving section 76 rotates (reversely rotates) the motor based on the driving signal output from the processor 71 .
- the pusher is lowered by the power from this motor, and the roll pallet 8 is lowered to the floor surface.
- the sensor 77 is a plurality of reflective sensors. Each reflective sensor is attached to the perimeter of the AGV7. Each reflection sensor emits a laser beam, detects the time from when the laser beam is emitted until the laser beam is reflected by an object and returns, detects the distance to the object based on the detected time, and outputs a detection signal. is notified to the processor 71 .
- the processor 71 outputs a control signal for controlling travel of the AGV 7 based on the detection signal from the sensor 77 . For example, based on the detection signal from the sensor 77, the processor 71 outputs a control signal such as deceleration or stop to avoid collision with an object.
- a camera may be provided, and the camera may photograph the surroundings and output the photographed image to the processor 71 .
- the processor 71 analyzes the captured image and outputs a control signal such as deceleration or stop to avoid collision with the object.
- the battery 78 supplies necessary power to the drive unit 76 and the like.
- the charging mechanism 79 is a mechanism that connects the charging station and the battery 78 , and the battery 78 is charged with power supplied from the charging station or the like via the charging mechanism 79 .
- the sorting list sent by WMS 5 to WES 10 will be described.
- the sorting list indicates the items and the sorting destinations (destinations) of the items.
- Fig. 8 shows a configuration example of the classification list.
- the classification list stores records in which "Id”, "quantity” and “destination” are associated with each other.
- Id is an identifier that identifies an article to be sorted (an article loaded on the roll pallet 8).
- Id is a numerical value.
- Quantity is the number of articles to be sorted.
- the "destination” is the sorting destination of the goods. “Destination” corresponds to the roll pallet 8 . That is, the “destination” is information with which the processor 11 of the WES 10 can specify the roll pallet 8 . Note that the configuration of the sorted list is not limited to a specific configuration.
- the inventory database stored by the NVM 14 of the WES 10 will be explained.
- the inventory database indicates the items that warehouse 1 stores.
- Fig. 9 shows a configuration example of an inventory database. As shown in FIG. 9, the inventory database stores 'Id', 'quantity', 'location' and 'size weight' in association with each other.
- Id is an identifier that identifies an article stored in the warehouse 1 .
- Quantity indicates the number of articles that the warehouse 1 stores.
- “Location” indicates the location of the warehouse pallet 3 on which the item is loaded. “Location” indicates the X, Y and Z coordinates. For example, the X and Y coordinates indicate a position on the plane. For example, the Z coordinate indicates the floor.
- Size Weight indicates the outer dimensions and weight of the article. Note that the configuration of the inventory database is not limited to a specific configuration.
- the functions realized by the WES 10 are realized by the processor 11 executing programs stored in the internal memory, the ROM 12, the NVM 14, or the like.
- the processor 11 has a function of obtaining a classification list.
- Processor 11 receives the classification list from WMS 5 through communication unit 15 .
- the processor 11 may transmit a request for a sorting list to the WMS 5 through the communication section 15 .
- the processor 11 rearranges the records of the sorted list. For example, the processor 11 rearranges the records of the classification list so that the same "destination" is consecutive. Also, the processor 11 may rearrange the records in the sorting list so that the number of times the warehouse pallet 3 and the roll pallet 8 are called up is reduced. Note that the processor 11 does not have to rearrange the order of the records in the classification list.
- the processor 11 also has a function of loading articles onto the roll pallet 8 according to the sorting list.
- the processor 11 acquires the first unprocessed record from the classification list. Upon acquiring the record, the processor 11 identifies the roll pallet 8 corresponding to the "destination" of the acquired record. After specifying the roll pallet 8, the processor 11 transports the specified roll pallet 8 to the area A or B using the AGV7.
- the processor 11 transmits a control signal to the second WCS 30 via the communication unit 15 to instruct transport of the specified roll pallet 8 to the area A or B.
- the processor 31 of the second WCS 30 transmits a control signal through the AGV interface 36 to one of the AGVs 7 to move under the roll pallet 8 according to the control signal.
- the processor 31 sends a control signal to the AGV 7 to lift the roll pallet 8 through the AGV interface 36 .
- the processor 31 sends a control signal to the AGV 7 through the AGV interface 36 to move to area A or B.
- the processor 31 sends a control signal to the AGV 7 through the AGV interface 36 to lower the roll pallet 8 .
- the AGV 7 lowers the roll pallet 8 to area A or B according to the control signal.
- the processor 11 conveys the roll pallet 8 to the area A using the AGV.
- the processor 11 may specify the subsequent roll pallet 8 (the roll pallet 8 on which the article is to be loaded next).
- the processor 11 may transport the identified roll pallet 8 to area B using the AGV 7 .
- the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to deliver the warehouse pallet 3 loaded with the article indicated by the "Id" of the first record to the area C or D.
- the processor 11 refers to the inventory database to identify the location where the warehouse pallet 3 corresponding to the "Id" of the record exists. After identifying the position where the warehouse pallet 3 exists, the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to deliver the warehouse pallet 3 at that position to the region C or D.
- the processor 11 has delivered the warehouse pallet 3 to the area C using the conveyor 2 .
- the processor 11 may specify the position where the warehouse pallet 3 corresponding to the "Id" of the next record exists.
- the processor 11 may use the conveyor 2 to deliver the warehouse pallet 3 at that position to the area D.
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to pick up the article from the warehouse pallet 3 in the area C (or D) and load it onto the roll pallet 8 in the area A (or B). do.
- the processor 11 transmits a control signal to the first WCS 20 via the communication unit 15 to instruct loading of the goods on the warehouse pallet 3 in the area C onto the roll pallet 8 in the area A.
- the processor 21 of the first WCS 20 causes the robot 4 to grip the article on the warehouse pallet 3 in area C according to the control signal.
- the processor 21 causes the robot 4 to load the gripped article on the roll pallet 8 in the area A.
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the goods on the warehouse pallet 3 in the area C onto the roll pallet 8 in the area A according to the "number" of the record.
- the processor 11 After loading the goods onto the roll pallet 8 in area A, the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to return the warehouse pallet 3 in area C to its original position. When the warehouse pallet 3 in area C is returned to its original position, the processor 11 updates the inventory database based on the items and the number of items loaded on the roll pallet 8 . That is, the processor 11 subtracts the number of articles loaded on the roll pallet 8 from the number corresponding to the "Id" indicating the article.
- the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to deliver the warehouse pallet 3 corresponding to the "Id" of the next record to the area D. If the warehouse pallet 3 has already been delivered to the area D in advance, the processor 11 may deliver to the area C the warehouse pallet 3 corresponding to the "Id" of the next record.
- the processor 11 When the warehouse pallet 3 corresponding to the "Id" of the next record is delivered to the area D, the processor 11 similarly uses the robot 4 to take out the article from the warehouse pallet 3 in the area D and store it in the roll pallet in the area A. Load on 8.
- the processor 11 loads the articles on the roll pallet 8 in the area A by repeating the above operations. Processor 11 repeats the above operation while the "destination" of the current record and the "destination" of the next record are the same.
- the processor 11 uses the AGV 7 to convey the roll pallet 8 in area A to its original position. After transporting the roll pallet 8 in the area A to its original position, the processor 11 transports the roll pallet 8 corresponding to the "destination" of the next record to the area B using the AGV 7 .
- processor 11 may transport the subsequent roll pallet 8 to the area A when the subsequent roll pallet 8 has been transported to the area B in advance.
- the processor 11 When the subsequent roll pallet 8 is transported to area B, the processor 11 similarly delivers the warehouse pallet 3 to area C or D and loads the goods onto the roll pallet 8 .
- the processor 11 repeats the above process until the process is completed for each record in the classification list.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining an operation example of the WES 10. As shown in FIG.
- the processor 11 of the WES 10 receives the sorting list from the WMS 5 through the communication section 15 (S11). Upon receiving the sorted list, the processor 11 sorts the records of the received sorted list (S12).
- the processor 11 uses the AGV 7 to transport the roll pallet 8 corresponding to the "destination" of the first unprocessed record to area A or B (S13).
- the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to deliver the warehouse pallet 3 loaded with the goods indicated by the "Id" of the record from the warehouse 1 to the area C or D ( S14).
- the processor 11 After unloading the warehouse pallet 3, the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the articles on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the roll pallet 8 (S15). After loading the articles onto the roll pallet 8, the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to return the warehouse pallet 3 to its original position (S16).
- the processor 11 After returning the warehouse pallet 3 to its original position, the processor 11 updates the inventory database (S17). After updating the inventory database, the processor 11 determines whether loading onto the roll pallet 8 has been completed (S18). That is, the processor 11 determines whether the "destination" of the current record is different from the "destination" of the next record. 11 returns to S14.
- the processor 11 uses the AGV 7 to return the roll pallet 8 in area A or B to its original position (S19). After returning the roll pallet 8 in the area A or B to its original position, the processor 11 determines whether the processing of each record in the sorting list is completed (S20).
- the processor 11 may deliver the next warehouse pallet 3 to the area C or D while the goods on the warehouse pallet 3 are being loaded onto the roll pallet 8 .
- the processor 11 may transport the following roll pallet 8 to area A or B while the roll pallet 8 is being loaded with articles.
- the processor 11 may transport the same roll pallet 8 to the area A or B multiple times.
- the robot 4 and the first WCS 20 may be integrally formed.
- the WES 10, the first WCS 20 and the second WCS 30 may be integrally formed.
- the physical distribution system 100 may include a plurality of robots 4 . Also, the distribution system 100 may include a plurality of warehouses 1 .
- the physical distribution system configured as described above calls the roll pallet corresponding to the sorting destination and the warehouse pallet on which the goods are loaded according to the sorting list.
- the physical distribution system uses robots to load articles on warehouse pallets onto roll pallets. As a result, the distribution system can sort the articles without using a sorter.
- a second embodiment Next, a second embodiment will be described.
- a physical distribution system according to the second embodiment differs from that according to the first embodiment in that goods are temporarily loaded on buffer pallets. Therefore, other points are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 11 schematically shows a configuration example of a distribution system 100' according to the second embodiment.
- the physical distribution system 100' includes a buffer pallet 9 (first buffer mechanism) in area D.
- the buffer pallet 9 first buffer mechanism
- the buffer pallet 9 is a pallet for temporarily loading articles.
- the buffer pallet 9 temporarily loads articles taken out from the warehouse pallet 3 by the robot 4 .
- the warehouse pallet 3 loads (consolidates) a plurality of types of articles.
- the WES 10 according to the second embodiment further implements the following functions in addition to the functions thereof according to the first embodiment.
- the processor 11 of the WES 10 has the function of temporarily loading the goods on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the buffer pallet 9.
- the processor 11 has transported the roll pallet 8 to the area A (or B) using the AGV 7. It is also assumed that the processor 11 has delivered the warehouse pallet 3 to the area C using the conveyor 2 .
- the processor 11 determines whether an item to be sorted (object item) can be taken out from the warehouse pallet 3 without withdrawing other items. For example, processor 11 determines whether the target item is loaded on the loading surface of warehouse pallet 3 .
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to move the object (interfering item) from the warehouse to the warehouse. It is taken out from the pallet 3 and loaded on the buffer pallet 9. For example, the processor 11 picks up an article loaded on the target article as an obstructing article and loads it on the buffer pallet 9 .
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to take the target article from the warehouse pallet 3 and load it onto the roll pallet 8 in area A (or B). After loading the target items onto the roll pallet 8 , the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to return the interfering items loaded on the buffer pallet 9 to the warehouse pallet 3 .
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining an operation example of the WES 10. As shown in FIG.
- the processor 11 of the WES 10 receives the sorting list from the WMS 5 through the communication section 15 (S21). Upon receiving the sorted list, the processor 11 rearranges the records of the received sorted list (S22).
- the processor 11 uses the AGV 7 to transport the roll pallet 8 corresponding to the "destination" of the first unprocessed record to area A or B (S23).
- the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to deliver the warehouse pallet 3 loaded with the article indicated by the record "Id" from the warehouse 1 to area C (S24). .
- the processor 11 determines whether the item can be taken out without moving other items (S25). If it is determined that the article can be taken out without withdrawing other articles (S25, YES), the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the articles on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the roll pallet 8 (S26).
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the interfering article on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the buffer pallet 9 (S27).
- the processor 11 After loading the interfering goods onto the buffer pallet 9, the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the goods (target goods) of the warehouse pallet 3 onto the roll pallet 8 (S28). After loading the articles on the roll pallet 8, the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to return the interfering articles on the buffer pallet 9 to the warehouse pallet 3 (S29).
- the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to return the warehouse pallet 3 to its original position (S30). .
- the processor 11 After returning the warehouse pallet 3 to its original position, the processor 11 updates the inventory database (S31). After updating the inventory database, the processor 11 determines whether loading onto the roll pallet 8 has been completed (S32). That is, the processor 11 determines whether the "destination" of the current record is different from the "destination" of the next record. 11 returns to S24.
- the processor 11 uses the AGV 7 to return the roll pallet 8 in area A or B to its original position (S33). After returning the roll pallet 8 in the area A or B to its original position, the processor 11 determines whether the processing of each record in the sorting list is completed (S34).
- the processor 11 does not have to return the obstructing article to the warehouse pallet 3 when the obstructing article is an article to be loaded on the subsequent roll pallet 8 .
- the processor 11 may remove the items from the buffer pallet 9 and load them onto the trailing roll pallet 8 .
- the processor 11 may convey the subsequent roll pallet 8 to the area A or B while the roll pallet 8 is being loaded with articles.
- the physical distribution system configured as described above, when goods are mixed on a warehouse pallet, the goods that are interfering with taking out are temporarily loaded on the buffer pallet. As a result, the physical distribution system can appropriately sort the articles even if the articles are mixed on the warehouse pallet.
- the physical distribution system according to the third embodiment differs from that according to the first embodiment in that the goods are temporarily buffered and rearranged. Therefore, other points are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 13 schematically shows a configuration example of a physical distribution system 100'' according to the third embodiment.
- the physical distribution system 100'' includes a buffer conveyor mechanism 110 in an area including area A.
- the physical distribution system 100'' includes an AGV80.
- the warehouse pallet 3 loads (consolidates) a plurality of types of articles.
- the buffer conveyor mechanism 110 is a mechanism for temporarily loading articles.
- the buffer conveyor mechanism 110 temporarily loads articles taken out from the warehouse pallet 3 by the robot 4 .
- the buffer conveyor mechanism 110 includes a first buffer conveyor 111 (first buffer mechanism), a second buffer conveyor 112 (second buffer mechanism), and the like.
- the first buffer conveyor 111 is composed of belts or rollers for loading articles. One end of the first buffer conveyor 111 reaches a position (here, area A) where the robot 4 can load articles. That is, the first buffer conveyor 111 is loaded with articles by the robot 4 .
- the first buffer conveyor 111 conveys the loaded articles in a predetermined direction or reverse direction.
- the second buffer conveyor 112 is composed of belts or rollers for loading articles. One end of the second buffer conveyor 112 spans a position (here, area A) where the robot 4 can load articles. That is, the second buffer conveyor 112 is loaded with articles by the robot 4 .
- the second buffer conveyor 112 conveys the loaded articles in a predetermined direction or reverse direction.
- the second buffer conveyor 112 loads articles independently of the first buffer conveyor 111 . That is, the articles loaded on the first buffer conveyor 111 and the second buffer conveyor 112 may be independent or connected to each other.
- the buffer conveyor mechanism 110 operates according to control signals from the WES 10.
- the AGV 80 functions as a sorting mechanism that sorts the articles loaded on the second buffer conveyor 112 . For example, AGV 80 picks an item from the item queue of second buffer conveyor 112 . The AGV 80 puts the retrieved article between other articles. AGV 80 operates according to control signals from second WCS 30 .
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the AGV80.
- the AGV 80 includes a processor 81, a ROM 82, a RAM 83, an NVM 84, a communication section 85, a driving section 86, a sensor 87, a battery 88, a charging mechanism 89, tires 90, a fork 91, and the like.
- the processor 81 has a function of controlling the operation of the AGV 80 as a whole.
- Processor 81 may include internal caches, various interfaces, and the like.
- the processor 81 implements various processes by executing programs pre-stored in the internal memory, ROM 82 or NVM 84 .
- the processor 81 is a CPU.
- the processor 81 may be realized by hardware such as LSI, ASIC, or FPGA.
- the processor 81 performs operations such as acceleration, deceleration, stoppage, direction change, and gripping of cargo, such as computation and control.
- the processor 81 executes a program stored in the ROM 82 or the like based on a control signal from the second WCS 30 or the like to generate a drive signal and output it to each part.
- the second WCS 30 transmits a control signal to move the AGV 80 from its current position to a predetermined position and from the first position to the second position.
- the processor 81 of the AGV 80 outputs drive signals according to control signals transmitted from the second WCS 30 .
- the AGV 80 moves from the current position to the predetermined position from the first position.
- the processor 81 uses the fork 91 to grip the article according to the control signal transmitted from the second WCS 30 .
- Processor 81 also uses fork 91 to increase the spacing between items. These actions cause the AGV 80 to remove items from the item queue and drop them among other items.
- the ROM 82 is a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium and stores the above program. In addition, the ROM 82 stores data or various setting values used by the processor 81 to perform various processes.
- the RAM 83 is a memory used for reading and writing data. The RAM 83 is used as a so-called work area for storing data temporarily used when the processor 81 performs various processes.
- the NVM 84 is a non-temporary computer-readable storage medium, and may store the above program.
- the NVM 84 stores data used by the processor 81 to perform various types of processing, data generated by processing by the processor 81, various setting values, and the like.
- the communication unit 85 is an interface that transmits and receives data to and from the second WCS 30 or the like through a wireless LAN access point or the like.
- the communication unit 85 supports wireless LAN connection.
- the drive unit 86 is a motor or the like, and rotates or stops the motor based on a drive signal output from the processor 81 .
- the power of the motor is transmitted to tires 90 and then to the steering mechanism.
- the power from such a motor causes the AGV 80 to move to the target position.
- the drive unit 86 drives the fork 91 based on the drive signal output from the processor 81.
- the power of the driving portion 86 causes the fork 91 to grip the article. Further, the power of the drive unit 86 causes the fork 91 to widen the space between the articles.
- the sensor 87 is a plurality of reflective sensors. Each reflective sensor is attached to the perimeter of the AGV 80 . Each reflection sensor emits a laser beam, detects the time from when the laser beam is emitted until the laser beam is reflected by an object and returns, detects the distance to the object based on the detected time, and outputs a detection signal. is notified to the processor 81 .
- the processor 81 outputs a control signal for controlling travel of the AGV 80 based on the detection signal from the sensor 87 . For example, based on the detection signal from the sensor 87, the processor 81 outputs a control signal such as deceleration or stop to avoid collision with the object.
- a camera may be provided in addition to the sensor 87 , and the camera may capture the surroundings and output the captured image to the processor 81 .
- the processor 81 analyzes the captured image and outputs a control signal such as deceleration or stop to avoid collision with the object.
- the battery 88 supplies necessary power to the drive unit 86 and the like.
- the charging mechanism 89 is a mechanism that connects the charging station and the battery 88 , and the battery 88 is charged with power supplied from the charging station or the like via the charging mechanism 89 .
- the fork 91 consists of two forks.
- the fork 91 has a structure that protrudes horizontally.
- the fork 91 grips the article by the power of the drive section 86 .
- the fork 91 widens the space between the articles by spreading while being inserted between the articles.
- the WES 10 according to the third embodiment further implements the following functions in addition to those functions according to the first and second embodiments.
- the processor 11 of the WES 10 has the function of temporarily loading the interfering articles on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the first buffer conveyor 111 .
- the robot 4 is used to remove the interfering item from the warehouse pallet 3 and load it onto the first buffer conveyor 111. do.
- the processor 11 returns the interfering articles loaded on the first buffer conveyor 111 to the warehouse pallet 3 after taking out the target articles.
- the processor 11 also has a function of loading the target article onto the second buffer conveyor 112 .
- the processor 11 determines that the target item can be removed from the warehouse pallet 3 without dislodging the other items, or if the obstructing item is loaded onto the first buffer conveyor 111, the robot 4 is used to move the target item. An article is taken out from the warehouse pallet 3.
- the processor 11 loads the target item taken out using the robot 4 onto the second buffer conveyor 112 .
- the processor 11 repeats the above operation to load the articles to be loaded on the roll pallet 8 in area B onto the second buffer conveyor 112 . That is, the processor 11 repeats the above operation while the "destination" of the current record and the "destination” of the next record are the same.
- the processor 11 also has a function of rearranging the articles on the second buffer conveyor 112 .
- the processor 11 Upon completion of loading onto the second buffer conveyor 112, the processor 11 rearranges the articles on the second buffer conveyor 112 using the AGV80. For example, the processor 11 sorts the items on the second buffer conveyor 112 so that the heavier items are loaded from the bottom of the roll pallet 8 .
- 15 and 16 show examples of the operation of the AGV 80 rearranging articles.
- 15 and 16 are top views of AGV 80 and second buffer conveyor 112. FIG.
- the AGV 80 is inserted between articles with the forks 91 closed.
- the AGV 80 spreads the forks 91 when the forks 91 are inserted between the articles.
- the spread of the fork 91 widens the space between the articles.
- the AGV 80 picks up and grips an article from the article row of the second buffer conveyor 112 .
- the AGV 80 inserts the forks 91 between the spread articles while gripping the articles with the forks 91 .
- the AGV 80 spreads the forks 91 to release the articles onto the second buffer conveyor 112 .
- the AGV 80 rearranges the articles on the second buffer conveyor 112 by the above operation.
- processor 11 may rearrange the articles using the second buffer conveyor 112 .
- processor 11 may use second buffer conveyor 112 to insert articles at the leading or trailing end of the line of articles.
- the processor 11 also has a function of loading the articles loaded on the second buffer conveyor 112 onto the roll pallet 8 in the area B.
- the processor 11 takes out the articles from the second buffer conveyor 112 and loads them on the roll pallet 8 .
- the processor 11 controls the second buffer conveyor 112 to convey the head of the article line to the area A position.
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to take out the leading article from the second buffer conveyor 112 and load it onto the roll pallet 8 .
- the processor 11 controls the second buffer conveyor 112 to convey the next article to the position of area A.
- the processor 11 repeats the above operation to load the articles loaded on the second buffer conveyor 112 onto the roll pallet 8 in area B.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart for explaining an operation example of the WES 10.
- the processor 11 of the WES 10 receives the sorting list from the WMS 5 through the communication section 15 (S41). Upon receiving the sorted list, the processor 11 sorts the records of the received sorted list (S42).
- the processor 11 uses the AGV 7 to transport the roll pallet 8 corresponding to the "destination" of the first unprocessed record to area B (S43).
- the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to deliver the warehouse pallet 3 loaded with the article indicated by the record "Id" from the warehouse 1 to area C or D (S44). .
- the processor 11 determines whether the item can be taken out without withdrawing other items (S45). If it is determined that the article can be taken out without moving other articles (S45, YES), the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the article on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the second buffer conveyor 112 (S46). .
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the obstructing article on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the first buffer conveyor 111 (S47). .
- the processor 11 After loading the interfering articles onto the first buffer conveyor 111, the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the article (target article) on the warehouse pallet 3 onto the second buffer conveyor 112 (S48). After loading the articles on the second buffer conveyor 112, the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to return the obstructing articles on the first buffer conveyor 111 to the warehouse pallet 3 (S49).
- the processor 11 uses the conveyor 2 to return the warehouse pallet 3 to its original position. (S50).
- the processor 11 After returning the warehouse pallet 3 to its original position, the processor 11 updates the inventory database (S51). After updating the inventory database, processor 11 determines whether loading onto second buffer conveyor 112 has been completed (S52). That is, the processor 11 determines whether the "destination" of the current record is different from the "destination" of the next record. ), the processor 11 returns to S44.
- the processor 11 uses the AGV 80 or the like to rearrange the articles on the second buffer conveyor 112 (S53).
- the processor 11 uses the robot 4 to load the articles on the second buffer conveyor 112 onto the roll pallet 8 in area B (S54). After loading the articles on the roll pallet 8, the processor 11 uses the AGV 7 to return the roll pallet 8 in area B to its original position (S55). After returning the roll pallet 8 in the area B to its original position, the processor 11 determines whether the processing of each record in the sorting list is completed (S56).
- the physical distribution system 100'' may be equipped with a sorting mechanism other than the AGV 80.
- the second buffer conveyor 112 may function as a sorting mechanism.
- the processor 11 may deliver the next warehouse pallet 3 to the area C or D while the goods on the warehouse pallet 3 are being loaded onto the roll pallet 8 .
- the logistics system configured as described above temporarily loads the items to be loaded on the roll pallet onto the buffer conveyor mechanism.
- a logistics system sorts the items in a buffer conveyor mechanism. As a result, the logistics system can load the items onto the roll pallet in the proper order.
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Abstract
Description
(第1の実施形態)
まず、第1の実施形態について説明する。
実施形態に係る物流システムは、倉庫に格納されている物品を行先ごとに仕分する。物流システムは、自動搬送車(Automated Guided Vehicle(AGV))を用いて、行先ごとに物品を積載するロールパレットを呼び出す。また、物流システムは、倉庫から物品を積載した倉庫パレットを払い出す。物流システムは、ロボットを用いて、倉庫パレットから呼び出されたロールパレットに物品を移動させる。物流システムは、ロールパレットに積載されている物品をトラックなどに搬入する。
物流システム100は、複数のAGV7を備える。
また、ロールパレット8は、カゴなどを備えるものであってもよい。また、ロールパレット8は、カゴ台車などキャスターを備えたものであってもよい。
図2は、物流システム100の制御系の構成例を示す。図2が示すように、物流システム100は、倉庫1、コンベア2、ロボット4、WMS5、AGV7、WES10、第1のWCS20、第2のWCS30などを備える。
たとえば、WMS5は、PCなどから構成される。
図3は、WES10の構成例を示すブロック図である。図3が示すように、WES10は、プロセッサ11、ROM12、RAM13、NVM14、通信部15、操作部16及び表示部17などを備える。
なお、WES10は、図3が示すような構成の他に必要に応じた構成を具備したり、WES10から特定の構成が除外されたりしてもよい。
図4は、第1のWCS20の構成例を示すブロック図である。図4が示すように、第1のWCS20は、プロセッサ21、ROM22、RAM23、NVM24、通信部25、ロボットインターフェース26、操作部27及び表示部28などを備える。
なお、第1のWCS20は、図4が示すような構成の他に必要に応じた構成を具備したり、第1のWCS20から特定の構成が除外されたりしてもよい。
図5は、第2のWCS30の構成例を示すブロック図である。図5が示すように、第2のWCS30は、プロセッサ31、ROM32、RAM33、NVM34、通信部35、AGVインターフェース36、操作部37及び表示部38などを備える。
なお、第2のWCS30は、図5が示すような構成の他に必要に応じた構成を具備したり、第2のWCS30から特定の構成が除外されたりしてもよい。
図6は、ロボット4の構成例を示すブロック図である。図6が示すように、ロボット4は、プロセッサ41、ROM42、RAM43、NVM44、通信部45、ロボットアーム46及び把持機構47などを備える。
なお、ロボット4は、図6が示すような構成の他に必要に応じた構成を具備したり、ロボット4から特定の構成が除外されたりしてもよい。
たとえば、把持機構47は、複数の吸着パットを備えるものであってもよい。
前述の通り、仕分リストは、物品と物品の仕分先(行先)とを示す。
「個数」は、仕分ける物品の個数である。
なお、仕分リストの構成は、特定の構成に限定されるものではない。
前述の通り、在庫データベースは、倉庫1が格納する物品を示す。
「個数」は、倉庫1が当該物品を格納している個数を示す。
なお、在庫データベースの構成は、特定の構成に限定されるものではない。
プロセッサ11は、通信部15を通じて仕分リストをWMS5から受信する。プロセッサ11は、通信部15を通じて仕分リストを要求するリクエストをWMS5に送信してもよい。
なお、プロセッサ11は、仕分リストのレコードの順序を並び替えなくともよい。
なお、プロセッサ11は、後続するロールパレット8(次に物品を積載されるロールパレット8)を特定してもよい。この場合、プロセッサ11は、AGV7を用いて、特定されたロールパレット8を領域Bに搬送してもよい。
なお、プロセッサ11は、次のレコードの「Id」に対応する倉庫パレット3が存在する位置を特定してもよい。この場合、プロセッサ11は、コンベア2を用いて、当該位置の倉庫パレット3を領域Dに払い出してもよい。
図10は、WES10の動作例について説明するためのフローチャートである。
ロールパレット8への積載が完了していないと判定すると(S18、NO)、プロセッサ11は、S14に戻る。
また、WES10、第1のWCS20及び第2のWCS30とは、一体的に形成されるものであってもよい。
また、物流システム100は、複数の倉庫1を備えるものであってもよい。
(第2の実施形態)
次に、第2の実施形態について説明する。
第2の実施形態に係る物流システムは、バッファパレットに一時的に物品を積載する点で第1の実施形態に係るそれと異なる。従って、その他の点については、同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
また、ここでは、倉庫パレット3は、複数の種類の物品を積載(混載)する。
第2の実施形態に係るWES10は、第1の実施形態に係るそれの機能に加えて、さらに以下の機能を実現する。
図12は、WES10の動作例について説明するためのフローチャートである。
ロールパレット8への積載が完了していないと判定すると(S32、NO)、プロセッサ11は、S24に戻る。
(第3の実施形態)
次に、第3の実施形態について説明する。
第3の実施形態に係る物流システムは、一時的に物品をバッファして並び替える点で第1の実施形態に係るそれと異なる。従って、その他の点については、同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
ここでは、倉庫パレット3は、複数の種類の物品を積載(混載)する。
第3の実施形態に係るWES10は、第1及び第2の実施形態に係るそれの機能に加えて、さらに以下の機能を実現する。
図17は、WES10の動作例について説明するためのフローチャートである。
第2のバッファコンベア112への積載が完了していないと判定すると(S52、NO)、プロセッサ11は、S44に戻る。
Claims (13)
- 物品と物品の仕分先とを管理する上位装置、及び、仕分先ごとに物品を積載するロールパレットを搬送する自動搬送車と通信する通信部と、
前記通信部を介して前記上位装置から前記物品と前記物品の仕分先の情報とを取得し、
前記通信部を介して仕分先ごとに設定された前記ロールパレットを所定の領域に搬送するよう前記自動搬送車に制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
プロセッサと、
を備える情報処理装置。 - 前記通信部は、前記物品を把持するロボット、及び、前記物品を積載する倉庫パレットを払い出す払出機構と通信し
前記プロセッサは、
前記通信部を介して前記倉庫パレットを払い出すよう前記払出機構に制御信号を送信するように制御し、
前記通信部を介して前記倉庫パレットから前記物品を取り出し、取り出された前記物品を前記ロールパレットに積載するよう前記ロボットに制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
請求項1に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記通信部を介して前記物品の取り出しの妨げとなっている妨害物品を前記倉庫パレットから取り出し、取り出された前記妨害物品を第1のバッファ機構に積載するよう前記ロボットに制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
請求項2に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記通信部を介して前記物品を前記ロールパレットに積載した後に、前記ロボットを用いて前記第1のバッファ機構の前記妨害物品を前記倉庫パレットに積載するよう前記ロボットに制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
請求項3に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記通信部を介して前記ロボットを用いて前記第1のバッファ機構の前記妨害物品を前記倉庫パレットに積載した後に、前記払出機構を用いて前記倉庫パレットを戻すよう前記ロボットに制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
請求項4に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記第1のバッファ機構は、パレットから構成される、
請求項3乃至5の何れか1項に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記第1のバッファ機構は、ベルトから構成される、
請求項3乃至4の何れか1項に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記通信部を介して前記倉庫パレットから前記物品を取り出し、取り出された前記物品を第2のバッファ機構に積載するよう前記ロボットに制御信号を送信するよう制御し、 前記通信部を介して前記第2のバッファ機構の前記物品を前記ロールパレットに積載するよう前記ロボットに制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
請求項2乃至7の何れか1項に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記通信部は、並替機構を通信し、
前記プロセッサは、前記通信部を介して前記第2のバッファ機構において前記物品を並べ替えるよう前記並替機構に制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
請求項8に記載の情報処理装置。 - 前記第2のバッファ機構は、ベルトから構成される、
請求項8又は9に記載の情報処理装置。 - プロセッサによって実行される情報処理方法であって、
上位装置から物品と前記物品の仕分先の情報とを取得し、
仕分先ごとに設定されたロールパレットを所定の領域に搬送するよう前記ロールパレットを搬送する自動搬送車に制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
情報処理方法。 - プロセッサによって実行されるプログラムであって、
前記プロセッサに、
上位装置から物品と前記物品の仕分先の情報とを取得する機能と、
仕分先ごとに設定されたロールパレットを所定の領域に搬送するよう前記ロールパレットを搬送する自動搬送車に制御信号を送信するよう制御する機能と、を実現させるプログラム。 - 物品を把持するロボットと、
前記物品を積載する倉庫パレットを払い出す払出機構と、
仕分先ごとに前記物品を積載するロールパレットを搬送する自動搬送車と、
物品と物品の仕分先とを管理する上位装置、前記ロボット、前記払出機構及び前記自動搬送車と通信する通信部と、
前記通信部を介して前記上位装置から前記物品と前記物品の仕分先の情報とを取得し、
前記通信部を介して仕分先ごとに設定された前記ロールパレットを所定の領域に搬送するよう前記自動搬送車に制御信号を送信するよう制御し、
前記通信部を介して前記倉庫パレットを払い出すよう前記払出機構に制御信号を送信するように制御し、
前記通信部を介して前記倉庫パレットから前記物品を取り出し、取り出された前記物品を前記ロールパレットに積載するよう前記ロボットに制御信号を送信するよう制御する、
プロセッサと、
を備える情報処理装置と、
を備えるシステム。
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| JP2017019588A (ja) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-26 | 株式会社東芝 | 通信装置、搬送補助具、および搬送システム |
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