WO2022227789A1 - 一种光交换装置、光交换方法、光交换节点以及系统 - Google Patents

一种光交换装置、光交换方法、光交换节点以及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022227789A1
WO2022227789A1 PCT/CN2022/076155 CN2022076155W WO2022227789A1 WO 2022227789 A1 WO2022227789 A1 WO 2022227789A1 CN 2022076155 W CN2022076155 W CN 2022076155W WO 2022227789 A1 WO2022227789 A1 WO 2022227789A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wavelength
sub
light beam
lens group
optical switching
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/076155
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵晗
宗良佳
常泽山
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP22794269.5A priority Critical patent/EP4318066B1/en
Publication of WO2022227789A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022227789A1/zh
Priority to US18/496,414 priority patent/US20240056707A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
    • G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
    • G02B6/356—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types in an optical cross-connect device, e.g. routing and switching aspects of interconnecting different paths propagating different wavelengths to (re)configure the various input and output links
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29304—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating
    • G02B6/29305—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by diffraction, e.g. grating as bulk element, i.e. free space arrangement external to a light guide
    • G02B6/29311—Diffractive element operating in transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0015—Construction using splitting combining
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0026—Construction using free space propagation (e.g. lenses, mirrors)

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical fiber communications, and in particular, to an optical switching device, an optical switching method, an optical switching node, and a system.
  • the switching of the optical signal transmission direction can be performed through the optical switching node.
  • the optical switching node may be a reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM) or an optical switching node within a data center network.
  • ROADM reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer
  • a plurality of wavelength selective switches are used to interconnect to build an optical switching node, so as to realize the exchange of different transmission directions of optical signals.
  • WSS wavelength selective switches
  • the WSS obtains the input optical signal through the included multiple input fibers
  • the WSS outputs the optical signal through the included multiple output fibers
  • both the input fiber and the output fiber are one-dimensional along the target direction. arrangement. It can be seen that the WSS can only realize the exchange of the transmission direction in the target direction.
  • the optical signal can only exchange the transmission direction in the target direction, the number of output ports of the output fiber of the WSS is limited, so that the current WSS cannot realize the exchange of the optical signal in more transmission directions.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an optical switching device, an optical switching method, an optical switching node, and a system, which are used to implement switching of optical signals in more transmission directions.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an optical switching device, the optical switching device includes an input port, a first dispersion element, a first switching engine, a first beam combiner, a first lens group, and a second dispersion element element, a second beam combiner, a second switching engine and an output port;
  • the input port is used to obtain the first beam;
  • the first dispersion element is used to receive the first beam from the input port, and use
  • the first dispersing element is also used to inject the multiple first sub-wavelength beams into the first switching engine;
  • the first The switching engine is used for changing the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength light beam to be incident on a plurality of first beam combining areas included in the first beam combining part;
  • the first beam combining area is used for The first sub-wavelength light beams are combined to form a second light beam, and the first beam combining element is used for multiplexing the second light beams into the first lens group;
  • the optical switching device shown in this aspect can change the transmission direction of at least one sub-wavelength beam of the first beam obtained by the input port along the port plane XY and along the wavelength plane ZY, and realize the sub-wavelength beam along the port plane XY. and the deflection of the transmission direction along the wavelength plane ZY. It is ensured that the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can realize that the sub-wavelength beams obtained by the input ports located at any positions of the input port array can be exchanged to the output ports at any positions included in the output port array, thereby realizing the realization of the The deflection of the wavelength beam in any direction effectively avoids the disadvantage of the limited number of input ports and output ports included in the optical switching device.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam can be changed multiple times through the first switching engine and the second switching engine, the insertion loss of changing the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam is reduced and the accuracy of exchanging the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam is improved. sex.
  • At least one lens included in the first lens group is configured to converge the multiple second light beams along the wavelength plane and/or the port plane to the second dispersion member.
  • the first lens group shown in this aspect can converge the multiple second light beams to the second dispersion member along the wavelength plane and the port plane, so as to ensure that the second light beams can be successfully transmitted to the on the second switching engine to achieve the purpose of changing the transmission direction.
  • the first dispersion member, the second dispersion member, the first beam combiner and the second beam combiner are the same grating, so The first switching engine and the second switching engine are the same switching engine, and the optical switching device further includes a switching separation module; the first transmission area of the switching separation module is used to receive the first light beam, and is used to The first light beam is transmitted to the first dispersing member in a transmissive manner; the reflection area of the exchange and separation module is used to receive the second light beam and transmit the second light beam to the reflective manner. the first lens group; the second transmission area of the exchange and separation module is used for receiving the third light beam and for transmitting the third light beam to the output port in a transmission manner.
  • the optical switching device can realize the deflection of the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beam and the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength beam through only one switching device, which can improve the utilization rate of the optical device and reduce the optical switching.
  • the overall volume of the device and the space utilization rate of the optical switching device are improved.
  • the optical switching device further includes a first switching and splitting module and a second switching and splitting module; the transmission area of the first switching and splitting module is used to receive the first light beam, and is used to The light beam is transmitted to the first dispersing member in a transmissive manner; the reflection area of the first exchange and separation module is used for receiving the second light beam and for transmitting the second light beam to the said second light beam in a reflective manner the second exchange and separation module; the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module is used for receiving the second light beam and for transmitting the second light beam to the second dispersing member in a reflective manner; the first The transmission area of the two exchange and separation modules is used for receiving the third light beam and for transmitting the third light beam to the output port in a transmission manner.
  • the process of decomposing the first beam to form a plurality of first sub-wavelength beams by a first grating can also realize the process of decomposing a plurality of first sub-wavelength beams.
  • the process of decomposing the second light beam to form a plurality of second sub-wavelength light beams is realized by a second grating, and the second grating can also realize the function of combining the plurality of second sub-wavelength light beams to form a third light beam.
  • the utilization rate of the optical device is effectively improved, the overall volume of the optical switching device is reduced, and the space utilization rate of the optical switching device is improved.
  • the second light beam whose transmission direction is changed through the first switching engine shown in this aspect can be transmitted to the second switching engine through the first switching separation module and the second switching separation module in turn, and then the second switching engine can carry out the transmission.
  • the deflection of the transmission direction because the first light beam is transmitted to the first exchange engine through the first exchange and separation module, and the third light beam from the second exchange engine is output through the second exchange and separation module, which can ensure that the output third light beam is accurately directed to the first exchange engine.
  • the output port array transmission effectively ensures the separation of the transmission direction of the first beam and the transmission direction of the third beam, so as to improve the deflection accuracy of the beam transmission direction.
  • the distance between the switching separation module included in the optical switching device and the first lens group is equal to the equivalent focal length of the first lens group.
  • the optical switching device includes an input port array and an output port array, and the input port array includes a plurality of the input ports along the first direction and the third direction respectively.
  • the output port array includes a plurality of the output ports along the first direction and the third direction respectively, and the first direction and the third direction are both perpendicular to the transmission direction of the first light beam , and the first direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the plurality of input ports included in the output port array shown in this aspect are arranged in a two-dimensional direction, and the plurality of output ports included in the output port array are also arranged in a two-dimensional direction, which effectively ensures the optical fiber shown in this aspect.
  • the exchange device can realize the exchange of sub-wavelength beams in more transmission directions.
  • the optical switching device includes a first number of output ports along a first direction, and the optical switching device includes a second number of outputs along a third direction port, the first direction and the third direction are both perpendicular to the transmission direction of the first beam; the number of the first beam combining area included in the first beam combiner along the first direction is less than or equal to the first number, and the number of the first bundling areas included in the first bundling piece along the third direction is less than or equal to the second quantity; the second bundling piece The number of the second bundling areas included in the first direction is less than or equal to the first quantity, and the second bundling areas included in the third direction by the second bundling member The number of is less than or equal to the second number.
  • the optical switching device includes a plurality of the input ports, and a second lens group is further included between the plurality of input ports and the first dispersion member,
  • the second lens group includes an odd number of lenses; the second lens group is used for multiplexing the first light beams into the first area and the second area of the first dispersing member at different incident angles place.
  • the first region and the second region overlap on the first dispersion member.
  • the multiple first beams are incident on the same position of the first dispersing member, which can ensure that the multiple first sub-wavelength beams emitted from the first dispersing member are incident on all the first sub-wavelength beams in the direction perpendicular to the first switching engine.
  • the first switching engine reduces the degradation of the bandwidth of the multiple first sub-wavelength light beams incident on the first switching engine.
  • the first dispersion member is configured to emit the different first sub-wavelength light beams at different exit angles.
  • a third lens group is further included between the first dispersion element and the first exchange engine, and the third lens group includes an odd number of lenses; the The third lens group is used for injecting the multiple first sub-wavelength light beams into the first switching engine in a direction perpendicular to the first switching engine.
  • the first switching engine includes a plurality of first switching regions, and the first sub-wavelength light beams emitted from different first switching regions are incident on different all Describe the first beam combining area.
  • the wavelengths of the multiplexed first sub-wavelength light beams received by the same first switching area are all different.
  • the wavelengths of the multiplex first sub-wavelength light beams received by the same first switching area are at least partially the same.
  • a collimating lens group is included between the input port and the first dispersion member, the collimating lens group includes one or more collimating lenses, and the input port is located in the collimating lens. At the front focus of the lens group, the collimating lens group is used for collimating the first light beam from the input port.
  • the collimating lens group can correct the first light beam from the input port.
  • the light beam is collimated, which effectively reduces the attenuation of the optical power of the first light beam.
  • the first switch engine when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M included in the first light beam is incident on the first switch engine, the first switch engine changes along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY at the same time The transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M, when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is incident on the second switching engine, the second switching engine changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M is any first light beam obtained by any output port, and any sub-wavelength light beam included.
  • the first switch engine when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M included in the first light beam is incident on the first switch engine, the first switch engine changes along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY at the same time The propagation direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M.
  • the second switching engine changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY.
  • the first switching engine when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M included in the first light beam is incident on the first switching engine, the first switching engine simultaneously extends along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY Change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M.
  • the second switching engine When the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is incident on the second switching engine, the second switching engine simultaneously changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY.
  • the first switching engine when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M included in the first light beam is incident on the first switching engine, the first switching engine changes the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY. transfer direction.
  • the second switching engine When the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is incident on the second switching engine, the second switching engine simultaneously changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY.
  • the first switching engine when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M included in the first light beam is incident on the first switching engine, the first switching engine changes the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY. transfer direction.
  • the second switching engine changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY.
  • the first switching engine when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M included in the first light beam is incident on the first switching engine, the first switching engine changes the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY. transfer direction.
  • the second switching engine changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY and the wavelength plane ZY.
  • the first switching engine when the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M included in the first light beam is incident on the first switching engine, the first switching engine changes the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY. transfer direction.
  • the second switching engine changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • a fourth lens group is included between the first exchange engine and the first beam combiner, and the fourth lens group includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the fourth lens group is used to transmit the first sub-light wavelength beams emitted from different first exchange areas to the different first beam combining areas included in the first beam combining member, and is used to The first sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the same first exchange area are converged on the first beam combining area.
  • a fifth lens group is further disposed between the second dispersion member and the second exchange engine, and the fifth lens group includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the fifth lens group is used for condensing the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams to the second switching engine.
  • a sixth lens group is included between the second exchange engine and the second beam combiner, and the sixth lens group includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the sixth lens group is used for condensing the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams to the second beam combiner.
  • a seventh lens group may be further included between the second beam combiner and the output port, and the seventh lens group includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the seventh lens group is used for condensing multiple third light beams onto the output port, so as to output the third light beams from the optical switching device.
  • the second switching engine includes a plurality of second switching regions, and the second sub-wavelength light beams emitted from different second switching regions are incident on different all the second beam combining area.
  • the wavelengths of the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams received by the same second switching area are all different.
  • the wavelengths of the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams received by the same second switching area are at least partially the same.
  • the transmission area of the exchange and separation module has a transparent structure, so as to ensure that the light beam can be transmitted through the transmission area.
  • the reflection area of the exchange and separation module is a reflection film on the surface of the exchange and separation module, so as to ensure that the optical signal can be transmitted through the reflection of the reflection film.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an optical switching method, which is applied to an optical switching device.
  • the optical switching device includes an input port, a first dispersion member, a first switching engine, a first beam combining member, a first A lens group, a second dispersive element, a second beam combiner, a second exchange engine and an output port, the method includes: acquiring a first light beam through the input port; inputting the first beam of the port, decomposing the first beam into multiple first sub-wavelength beams, and injecting the multiple first sub-wavelength beams into the first switching engine; A switching engine changes the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beam to be incident on a plurality of first beam combining areas included in the first beam combining part; The first sub-wavelength light beams are combined to form a second light beam, and multiple second light beams are incident on the first lens group; the second dispersing element, the first lens group includes an odd number of lenses; each path of the second light beam is decomposed into multiple paths of second
  • the first dispersion member, the second dispersion member, the first beam combiner, and the second beam combiner are the same grating, so The first switching engine and the second switching engine are the same switching engine, the optical switching device further includes a switching separation module, and after acquiring the first light beam through the input port, the method further includes: passing the The first transmission area of the exchange and separation module receives the first light beam, and transmits the first light beam to the first dispersion member in a transmission manner; the second light beam is received through the reflection area of the exchange and separation module and transmit the second beam to the first lens group in a reflective manner; receive the third beam through the second transmission area of the exchange and separation module, and transmit the third beam as a transmitted way to the output port.
  • the first dispersing member and the first beam combining member are the same first grating, and the second dispersing member and the second beam combining member With the same second grating, the optical switching device further includes a first switching separation module and a second switching separation module, and after obtaining the first light beam through the input port, the method further includes: separating through the first switching The transmission area of the module receives the first light beam, and transmits the first light beam to the first dispersion member in a transmission manner; the second light beam is received through the reflection area of the first exchange and separation module, and transmit the second light beam to the second exchange and separation module in a reflective manner; receive the second light beam through the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module, and reflect the second light beam transmitting to the second dispersing element; receiving the third light beam through the transmission area of the second exchange and separation module, and transmitting the third light beam to the output port in a transmission manner.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides an optical switching node, which includes a plurality of optical switching devices, and different optical switching devices are connected by optical fibers.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides an optical communication system, including a plurality of optical switching nodes, and the optical switching nodes are as shown in the above-mentioned second aspect.
  • Fig. 1a is a structural example diagram of an optical switching node provided by the application.
  • Fig. 1b is another structural example diagram of the optical switching node provided by the application.
  • Fig. 2a is a structural example diagram of the first embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the wavelength plane;
  • Fig. 2b is a structural example diagram of the first embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the port plane;
  • FIG. 3 a is an example diagram of the first light beam being decomposed by the first dispersing element provided by the application;
  • Fig. 3b is a structural example diagram of an embodiment of the first dispersion member provided by the application.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary structural diagram of an embodiment of an input port array and an output port array provided by the application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the wavelength plane;
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary structural diagram of an embodiment of the first switching engine provided by the application.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary structural diagram of the second embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the wavelength plane;
  • FIG. 8 is a structural example diagram of the second embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the port plane;
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary structural diagram of an embodiment of the switching separation module provided by the application.
  • FIG. 10 is an exemplary structural diagram of the third embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the wavelength plane;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the third embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the port plane;
  • FIG. 12 is an exemplary structural diagram of the fourth embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the application along the wavelength plane;
  • 13 is a flow chart of the steps of the first embodiment of the method for optical switching provided by the application.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of steps of the second embodiment of the method for optical switching provided by the application.
  • 15 is a flowchart of steps of a third embodiment of the method for optical switching provided by the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an optical communication system provided by the present application.
  • the present application provides an optical switching node, where the optical switching node is a ROADM or an optical switching node within a data center network.
  • This embodiment is exemplified by taking the ROADM as an example.
  • the optical switching node may also be referred to as a wavelength crossconnect (WXC), an optical crossconnect (OXC), an optical switching node, or a wavelength switching node, etc., the embodiments of the present application There is no specific restriction on this.
  • WXC wavelength crossconnect
  • OXC optical crossconnect
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of the optical switching node provided by the present application.
  • the ROADM shown in FIG. 1a includes four WSSs on the input side (ie WSS110, WSS111, WSS112 and WSS113) and four WSSs on the output side (ie WSS210, WSS211, WSS212 and WSS213).
  • Each WSS on the input side is a 1*4 (ie, one input port, four output port) WSS
  • each WSS on the output side is a 4*1 (ie, four input ports, one output port) WSS.
  • the output port of each WSS on the input side is connected to the input port of each WSS on the output side.
  • the eight WSSs shown in this embodiment are located at different positions, and this embodiment does not limit the number of WSSs included in the ROADM and the positions where each WSS is located.
  • the WSSs located at different locations are used to exchange the transmission direction of the optical signal, so as to realize flexible scheduling of the optical signal.
  • the WSS110 can propagate the optical signal to any WSS included on the output side that is connected to the WSS110 through an optical fiber, so as to realize the exchange of optical signals in different directions.
  • the The WSS110 is connected to the WSS210, WSS211, WSS212, and WSS213 through optical fibers, and the WSS110 can transmit optical signals to any one of the WSS210, WSS211, WSS212, and WSS213.
  • a plurality of input ports on the input side shown in FIG. 1a may be arranged in a one-dimensional direction, or a plurality of input ports may be arranged in a two-dimensional direction.
  • the plurality of output ports on the output side shown in this embodiment may be arranged in a one-dimensional direction, or the plurality of output ports may be arranged in a two-dimensional direction.
  • the ROADM includes multiple WSSs as an example.
  • the structure of the ROADM can also be referred to as shown in FIG. 1b, wherein FIG.
  • the ROADM may include one WSS200.
  • the WSS200 includes multiple input ports and multiple output ports as an example, and this embodiment does not limit the number of input ports and the number of output ports.
  • WSS200 includes 4 input ports and 4 output ports.
  • the plurality of input ports included in the WSS2200 may be arranged in a one-dimensional direction, or the plurality of input ports may be arranged in a two-dimensional direction.
  • a plurality of output ports may be arranged in a one-dimensional direction, or a plurality of output ports may be arranged in a two-dimensional direction.
  • the optical switching device is any WSS shown in FIG. 1a or FIG. 1b as an example.
  • the WSS shown in this embodiment is the WSS 200 shown in FIG. 1b.
  • 2a is a schematic structural diagram of the optical switching device along a wavelength plane
  • FIG. 2b is a structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device along a port plane.
  • the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY shown in this embodiment are planes perpendicular to each other, wherein the wavelength plane ZY is a plane along the second direction Y and the third direction Z at the same time, and the port plane XY is a plane along the first direction at the same time.
  • the planes of X and the second direction Y, and the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z are all mutually perpendicular directions.
  • the transmission direction of the first light beam obtained through the input port of the optical switching device shown in this embodiment is the second direction Y shown above.
  • the third direction Z shown in this embodiment may also be referred to as a wavelength direction or a dispersion direction, and the first direction X may also be referred to as a switching direction or a port direction.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment includes an input port array 400, a first dispersive element 402, a first switching engine 404, a first beam combiner 406, a first lens group 408, a second dispersive element 409, a second The combiner 483 , the second switching engine 481 and the output port array 600 .
  • the first dispersing element 402 is used to receive the first light beam 301 from the input port.
  • the first dispersing element 402 is used to decompose the first light beam 301 to form a plurality of first sub-wavelength light beams with different wavelengths, for example, to form a first sub-wavelength light beam with wavelength ⁇ 1 , a first sub-wavelength light beam with wavelength ⁇ 2
  • the specific value of N is not limited in this example, as long as ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 to ⁇ N are different from each other.
  • the first dispersing member 402 can make the first sub-wavelength light beam with wavelength ⁇ 1 , the first sub-wavelength light beam with wavelength ⁇ 2 and the first sub-wavelength light beam with wavelength ⁇ N respectively exit from the first sub-wavelength light beam with different exit angles
  • a dispersive element 402 exits for transmission.
  • the first direction X is the direction in which the outgoing first sub-wavelength light beams spread out, that is, the first dispersing element 402 enables the plurality of first sub-wavelength light beams to obtain angular dispersion.
  • the propagation direction of the first light beam 301 is the direction Y shown in FIG. 3 a
  • the third direction Z is a direction perpendicular to both the first direction X and the propagation direction Y of the first light beam 301 .
  • this example takes the first dispersive element 402 as a reference, with reference to FIG. 3b, this example takes the first dispersive element 402 as a volume grating as an example for illustrative illustration: in this example, the third direction Z is the same as that of the grating.
  • the lines 303 are parallel to each other, and the first direction X is a direction perpendicular to the grating scribe lines 303 . It can be seen that the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X.
  • This definition takes the first switching engine 404 as a reference.
  • the first switching engine 404 is a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) chip
  • the third direction Z is loaded for the first switching engine 404
  • the phase grating acquires the direction of diffracted light.
  • the first switching engine 404 is a liquid crystal (liquid crystal) array chip or a micro electro mechanical system (micro electro mechanical system, MEMS)
  • the third direction Z is the propagation direction of the deflected light beam.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment includes an input port array, and the plurality of input ports included in the input port array shown in this embodiment can be arranged along N rows and M columns, where the values of N and M are both greater than or a positive integer equal to 1.
  • the structure of the input port array shown in this embodiment can be referred to as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the input port array 400 shown in FIG. 4 includes four input ports arranged in two rows and two columns, such as input port 611 and input port 612 , input port 613 and input port 614 . It should be clearly stated that this embodiment does not limit the arrangement form of the multiple input ports in the transmission plane XZ.
  • a plurality of input ports can also be randomly arranged in the transmission plane XZ, or arranged as a whole in the form of a circle, an ellipse, or the like.
  • the transmission plane XZ is a plane along the first direction X and the third direction Z at the same time, and the transmission plane XZ is respectively perpendicular to the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY.
  • the input port shown in this embodiment may be a port of an input optical fiber connected to the optical switching device, and the input optical fiber transmits the first light beam to the optical switching device through the input port to switch the transmission direction.
  • the input port array is formed by the input ports of a plurality of input optical fibers as an example for illustrative description.
  • the input port array may also be a planar lightwave circuit (planar lightwave circuit, PLC), the input port can be the port of the optical waveguide of the PLC.
  • the input port shown in this embodiment is used to acquire the first light beam and transmit the first light beam to the optical switching device.
  • the process of acquiring the first light beam by the input port shown in this embodiment is optionally described below:
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment is the WSS200 shown in FIG. 1b
  • the input fiber is connected to the laser, and the input fiber receives The first light beam from the laser, the input fiber transmits the first light beam to the optical switching device through the input port.
  • the optical switching device receives the first light beam from the previous optical switching node through the input fiber, and the input fiber transmits the first light beam to the optical switching device through the input port.
  • This embodiment does not limit the source of the first light beam, as long as the input port can transmit the first light beam to the optical switching device to exchange the transmission direction.
  • the first light beam input through the input port may be a light beam containing a single wavelength (that is, monochromatic light), or may be a light beam containing multiple wavelengths (that is, color light or polychromatic light), which is not specifically described in this embodiment. limited.
  • This embodiment is exemplified by taking an example that the first light beam acquired by each input port is a light beam including multiple wavelengths.
  • the first light beam includes N wavelengths, that is, ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 to ⁇ N , and the value of N is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment includes a first dispersion member 402, and the first dispersion member 402 shown in this embodiment is a grating.
  • One or more first light beams input through the input port are incident on the first dispersing element 402, and the first dispersing element 402 is used for decomposing each first light beam to form multiple first sub-channels wavelength beam.
  • This embodiment does not limit the number of first beams.
  • the number of first beams shown in this embodiment is four. 4 and 2a, along the wavelength plane ZY, the transmission directions of the first light beam from the input port 611 and the first light beam from the input port 614 are in the same direction of transmission.
  • the transmission direction of the first light beam from the input port 614 is in a state of coincidence.
  • the transmission directions of the first light beams from the input port 612 and the input port 613 are in the same direction of transmission. It can be seen that in FIG. 2a, the transmission directions of the first light beams from the input port 612 and from the input port 613 are in the same direction. overlapping state.
  • the transmission directions of the first light beams from the input port 611 and from the input port 612 are in a state of being separated.
  • the transmission directions of the first light beam from the input port 611 and the first light beam from the input port 612 are in the same direction of transmission. It can be seen that in FIG. A light beam and the first light beam from the input port 612 are in a state of coincidence. Similarly, the transmission directions of the first light beam from the input port 614 and the first light beam from the input port 613 are in the same direction of transmission. It can be seen that the first light beam from the input port 614 and the first light beam from the input port 613 are in the same direction. The transmission directions are in the same state. On the other hand, the propagation directions of the first light beam from the input port 611 and the first light beam from the input port 614 are in a state of being separated.
  • the first light beam is the first light beam 411 shown in FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b as an example.
  • the first light beam 411 can be any one of the input port arrays.
  • the first light beam input by the input port Please refer to the description of the deflection of the first light beam 411 for the description of the deflection process of the transmission direction of the other first light beams by the optical switching device, and details are not repeated.
  • the example shown in FIG. 2a is exemplified by the first dispersing element 402 decomposing the first light beam 411 to emit the first sub-wavelength light beam 412 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 413 as an example.
  • the first sub-wavelength light beam 412 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 413 exit from the first dispersing member 402 through different exit angles. It can be seen that along the wavelength plane ZY, the transmission directions of the first sub-wavelength light beam 412 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 413 are in a separated state.
  • the first sub-wavelength light beam 412 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 413 exit the first dispersive member 402 based on the same first exit angle, and it can be seen that along the port plane XY , the transmission directions of the first sub-wavelength light beam 412 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 413 are in a transmission state in the same direction.
  • a collimating lens group is included between the input port and the first dispersion member 402 shown in this embodiment, and the collimating lens group includes one or more collimating lenses.
  • Each input port shown in this embodiment is located at the front focus of the collimating lens group.
  • the collimating lens group is used for collimating the first light beam 411 from the input port. Specifically, the first light beam from the input port is transmitted in free space.
  • the collimating lens group shown in this embodiment can The collimation of the first light beam from the input port effectively reduces the attenuation of the optical power of the first light beam.
  • the optical switching device further includes a second lens group 403 located between the input port array and the first dispersion element 402 , and the second lens group 403 includes Odd number of lenses.
  • the second lens group 403 is used for multiplexing the first light beams 411 into the first dispersing element 402 at different incident angles.
  • the optical exchange device shown in this embodiment includes a collimating lens group
  • the second lens group 403 is located between the collimating lens group and the first dispersing element 402
  • the first dispersing element 402 is located in the second lens
  • the distance between the first dispersion element 402 and the second lens group 403 is equal to the equivalent focal length of the second lens group 403 .
  • the second lens group 403 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, and the first light beams shown in this embodiment are transformed by the even focal lengths of the odd lenses included in the second lens group 403 to enter different incidents. angle, converges to the first dispersive element 402 . For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the second lens group 403 includes three lenses, that is, along the second direction Y, the second lens group 403 includes a lens 501 , a lens 502 and a lens 503 arranged in sequence, wherein the rear of the lens 501 The focal point coincides with the front focal point of the lens 502 , the rear focal point of the lens 502 coincides with the front focal point of the lens 503 , and the first dispersing element 402 is located at the rear focal point of the lens 503 .
  • the multiplexed first light beam 401 is condensed to the first dispersive element 402 at different incident angles through the transformation of the six focal lengths of the three lenses included in the second lens group 403 .
  • the first dispersing element 402 decomposes and separates each of the first light beams to emit first sub-wavelength light beams.
  • the second lens group 403 shown in this embodiment satisfies the curvature condition.
  • the curvature condition is that the second lens group 403 includes at least one lens with curvature along the wavelength plane, and the second lens group 403 further includes at least one lens with curvature along the port plane.
  • the second lens group 403 includes one or more lenses having curvature only along the wavelength plane, and one or more lenses having curvature only along the port plane.
  • the second lens group 403 includes one or more lenses having curvature along both the wavelength plane and the port plane. This embodiment does not limit the size of the curvature, as long as the lens has a curvature, it can have a converging function.
  • the first light beam 411 condensed by the optical exchange device through the second lens group 403 is incident on the first area of the first dispersing member 402, and the first light beam 411 is incident through the second lens group 402.
  • the first light beam 512 converged by 403 is incident on the second region of the first dispersing element 402, wherein the first light beam 411 and the first light beam 512 are two different first light beams obtained by two different input ports .
  • the first area and the second area completely or partially overlap in the transmission plane XZ. In this embodiment, the first area and the second area are completely overlapped in the transmission plane XZ as an example.
  • the optical switching device further includes a first switching engine 404, and the first switching engine 404 is configured to receive the multiplex first sub-wavelength light beams from the first dispersive element 402 and monitor the transmission direction of the multiplex first sub-wavelength light beams make changes.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a third lens group 405 located between the first dispersing element 402 and the first switching engine 404 , and the third lens group 405 includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the third lens group 405 is used to make the multiple first sub-wavelength light beams, in the wavelength plane ZY and in the port plane XY, the multiple first sub-wavelength light beams in mutually parallel directions, perpendicular to the first sub-wavelength beam.
  • the direction of the switching engine 404 is incident to the first switching engine 404 .
  • the first dispersion element 402 is located at the position of the equivalent front focus of the third lens group 405
  • the first exchange engine 404 is located at the position of the equivalent rear focus of the third lens group 405 .
  • the distance between the first dispersion member 402 and the third lens group 405, and the distance between the first exchange engine 404 and the third lens group 405 are equal to the distance of the third lens group 405. Equivalent focal length.
  • the third lens group 405 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, that is, the first sub-wavelength light beams shown in this embodiment are transformed by the even number of focal lengths of the odd lenses included in the third lens group 405 to obtain
  • the first switching engine 404 is incident in a direction perpendicular to the first switching engine 404 .
  • the third lens group 405 shown in this embodiment satisfies the curvature condition.
  • the curvature condition please refer to the description that the second lens group 403 satisfies the curvature condition, and details are not repeated.
  • the multiple first light beams are incident on the first dispersing member 402 as shown in this embodiment, it can be ensured that the multiple first sub-wavelength beams emitted by the first dispersing member 402 are perpendicular to the first sub-wavelength beams.
  • the direction of the switching engine 404 is incident on the first switching engine 404 , which reduces the degradation of the bandwidth of the multiple first sub-wavelength beams incident on the first switching engine 404 .
  • the first switching engine 404 is an LCOS chip as an example for illustration.
  • the first beams obtained through the input port and the first sub-wavelength beams formed by the dispersion of the first dispersing element 402 can be A plurality of light spots are generated on the first switching engine 404 .
  • the arrangement of the light spots generated by the multiple first sub-wavelength beams in the first switching engine 404 shown in this embodiment can be referred to as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the first switching engine has multiple first switching areas 601 , from different The first sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the first exchange region 601 can be incident on different positions of the first beam combiner 406 .
  • the arrangement of the first switching area included in the first switching engine 404 shown in this embodiment and the arrangement of the output ports included in the optical switching device must satisfy the first arrangement condition, so as to ensure that the first switching engine 404 changes the The first sub-wavelength light beam in the transmission direction can be output through the output port.
  • the first arrangement condition shown in this embodiment is that, along the first direction X, the number of the first exchange areas 601 is less than or equal to the first number, and along the third direction Z, the first exchange area The number of regions 601 is less than or equal to the second number.
  • the first number is the number of output ports included in the output port array along the first direction X.
  • the second number is the number of output ports included in the output port array along the third direction Z.
  • the plurality of first switching areas 601 are arranged in four rows and five columns on the first switching engine 404, the plurality of output ports are also arranged in four rows and five columns on the output port array.
  • the wavelengths of the multiple first sub-wavelength light beams received by the same first switching area 601 included in the first switching engine 404 are all different. It can be seen that the colors of the light spots located in the same first exchange area 601 are all different.
  • the first exchange area 601 shown in this embodiment receives M channels of first sub-wavelength light beams, and the wavelengths of the M channels of first sub-wavelength light beams are different from each other, such as ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 to ⁇ M.
  • the wavelengths of the multiple first sub-wavelength light beams received by the same first switching area 601 included in the first switching engine 404 are all the same. It can be seen that the colors of the light spots located in the same first exchange area 601 are the same.
  • the first exchange area 601 shown in this embodiment also receives M channels of first sub-wavelength light beams, and the wavelengths of the M channels of first sub-wavelength light beams are all ⁇ M.
  • some of the multiplex first sub-wavelength light beams received by the same first switching area 601 included in the first switching engine 404 have the same wavelength, and the other part have different wavelengths. It can be seen that, for the light spots located in the same first exchange area, some light spots have the same color, and the other light spots have different colors.
  • the first switching engine 404 shown in this embodiment is used to change the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beam along the wavelength plane ZY and/or the port plane XY, so as to ensure that different first switching areas 601 can be incident on the first combined beam
  • the different first beam combining areas included in the component 406 may be used.
  • this embodiment is exemplified by the example that the first switching engine 404 can simultaneously change the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beam along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY.
  • a fourth lens group 407 is included between the first exchange engine 404 and the first beam combiner 406 shown in this embodiment, and the fourth lens group 407 includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the fourth lens group 407 is used to transmit the first sub-light wavelength beams emitted from the different first exchange areas to the different first beam combining areas included in the first beam combining member 406, and use and condensing the first sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the same first exchange area to the first beam combining area.
  • the first exchange engine 404 is located at the position of the equivalent front focus of the fourth lens group 407
  • the first beam combiner 406 is located at the position of the equivalent rear focus of the fourth lens group 407 .
  • the distance between the first exchange engine 404 and the fourth lens group 407 and the distance between the first beam combiner 406 and the fourth lens group 407 are equal to the distance between the fourth lens group 407 Equivalent focal length.
  • the fourth lens group 407 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, that is, the multiple first sub-wavelength light beams emitted from the same first exchange area shown in this embodiment pass through the odd number of lenses included in the fourth lens group 407 The even-numbered focal lengths of the lenses are transformed to converge on the corresponding first beam combining area.
  • the fourth lens group 407 shown in this embodiment satisfies the curvature condition.
  • the curvature condition please refer to the description that the second lens group 403 satisfies the curvature condition, and details are not repeated.
  • the first beam combining area When the first beam combining area receives multiple first sub-wavelength beams from the fourth lens group 407, the first beam combining area is used to combine the multiple first sub-wavelength beams to form the first beam combining Two beams. It can be known that the number of paths of the second beams emitted by the first beam combining member 406 shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of the first beam combining regions included in the first beam combining member 406 . For example, as shown in FIG. 2 a , for example, the second light beams emitted from a first beam combining region of the first beam combining element 406 are the second light beam 421 and the second light beam 422 .
  • the arrangement of the first beam-combining regions included in the first beam-combining member 406 shown in this embodiment and the arrangement of the output ports included in the optical switching device must satisfy the second arrangement condition, so as to ensure that the first beam-combining member passes through the first beam-combining member.
  • the multi-channel second light beams emitted after the beam combination at 406 can be output through the output port.
  • the second arrangement condition shown in this embodiment is that, along the first direction X, the number of the first beam-combining regions is less than or equal to the first number, and along the third direction Z, the first The number of beam regions is less than or equal to the second number.
  • the first quantity and the second quantity please refer to the description of the first arrangement condition shown above, and details will not be repeated.
  • the plurality of first beam combining regions are arranged in four rows and five columns on the first beam combining member 406, the plurality of output ports are also arranged in four rows and five columns on the output port array.
  • the first beam combiner 406 is used for multiplexing the second light beams into the first lens group 408, and the first lens group 408 includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the first lens group 408 is used for condensing the multiple second light beams to the second dispersing element 409 .
  • the first beam combiner 406 is located at the position of the equivalent front focus of the first lens group 408, and the second dispersion member 409 is located at the position of the equivalent rear focus of the first lens group 408.
  • the distance between the first beam combiner 406 and the first lens group 408 , and the distance between the second dispersion element 409 and the first lens group 408 are equal to the first lens group 408 equivalent focal length.
  • the first lens group 408 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, that is, the second light beams shown in this embodiment are transformed by the even focal lengths of the odd lenses included in the first lens group 408 to converge to on the second dispersion member 409 .
  • the first lens group 408 shown in this embodiment satisfies the curvature condition.
  • the curvature condition please refer to the description that the second lens group 403 satisfies the curvature condition, and details are not repeated.
  • the second dispersing element 409 is used for decomposing each second beam to output multiple second sub-wavelength beams. For example, as shown in FIG. 2a, in the wavelength plane ZY, the second dispersing element 409 decomposes the second beam 421 to obtain a second sub-wavelength beam 441 and a second sub-wavelength beam 442, and the second The dispersing element 409 emits the second sub-wavelength beam 441 and the second sub-wavelength beam 442 along different exit angles in the wavelength plane ZY. It can be seen that in the wavelength plane ZY, the propagation directions of the second sub-wavelength beam 441 and the second sub-wavelength beam 442 are separated.
  • the second dispersing element 409 decomposes the second beam 421 to obtain a second sub-wavelength beam 441 and a second sub-wavelength beam 442, and the second dispersion
  • the element 409 exits the second sub-wavelength beam 441 and the second sub-wavelength beam 442 along the same exit angle within the port plane XY. It can be known that in the port plane XY, the transmission directions of the second sub-wavelength beam 441 and the second sub-wavelength beam 442 are in a transmission state in the same direction.
  • the second dispersing element 409 decomposes the second beam 422 to obtain a second sub-wavelength beam 443 and a second sub-wavelength beam 444, and the first The dichroic element 409 emits the second sub-wavelength beam 443 and the second sub-wavelength beam 444 along different exit angles in the wavelength plane ZY. It can be seen that in the wavelength plane ZY, the propagation directions of the second sub-wavelength light beam 443 and the second sub-wavelength light beam 444 are separated.
  • the second dispersing element 409 decomposes the second beam 422 to obtain a second sub-wavelength beam 443 and a second sub-wavelength beam 444, and the second dispersion
  • the element 409 exits the second sub-wavelength beam 443 and the second sub-wavelength beam 444 along the same exit angle within the port plane XY. It can be known that in the port plane, the transmission directions of the second sub-wavelength beam 443 and the second sub-wavelength beam 444 are in a transmission state in the same direction.
  • This embodiment is exemplified by taking the second switching engine 481 as an LCOS chip as an example.
  • the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams from the second dispersive element 409 can generate multiple light spots on the second switching engine 481 .
  • the second switching engine 481 shown in this embodiment has a plurality of second switching regions, and the second sub-wavelength light beams emitted from different second switching regions can be incident on different positions of the second beam combiner 483 .
  • the second exchange area please refer to the above-mentioned description of the first exchange area, and details are not repeated here. If the second switching engine 481 has a plurality of second switching regions, the second sub-wavelength light beams emitted from different second switching regions can be incident on different positions of the second beam combiner 483 .
  • the arrangement of the second switching area included in the second switching engine 481 shown in this embodiment and the arrangement of the output ports included in the optical switching device must satisfy the third arrangement condition, so as to ensure that the second switching engine 481 changes the The second sub-wavelength light beam in the transmission direction can be output through the output port.
  • the third arrangement condition shown in this embodiment is that, along the first direction X, the number of the second exchange areas is less than or equal to the first number, and along the third direction Z, the number of the second exchange areas less than or equal to the second quantity.
  • the quantity of the first quantity and the second quantity please refer to the above description of the first arrangement condition, and details are not repeated here.
  • the plurality of second switching areas are arranged in four rows and five columns on the first switching engine
  • the plurality of output ports are also arranged in four rows and five columns on the output port array.
  • the wavelengths of the multiple second sub-wavelength beams received by the second switching areas shown in this embodiment are all different, or all the same, or partially the same.
  • please refer to the above-mentioned The description of the wavelength of the multi-channel second sub-wavelength light beam will not be repeated in detail.
  • the second switching engine 481 shown in this embodiment is used to change the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beam along the wavelength plane ZY and/or the port plane XY.
  • the optical switching device realizes the switching of the transmission direction of the light beam through the included first switching engine 404 and the second switching engine 481. For this reason, please continue to refer to FIG. 4, wherein FIG. An example structure diagram of an embodiment of the input port array and the output port array is provided.
  • the first light beams acquired by the input ports included in the input port array 400 shown in FIG. 4 are output from the output port array 600 after being switched by the optical switching device.
  • the output port array 600 shown in this embodiment includes multiple output ports, such as output ports 621, 622, 623, and 624.
  • the arrangement of the multiple input ports included in the input port array 400 and the multiple output ports included in the output port array 600 is the same as an example for illustration. In other examples, the multiple input ports included in the input port array 400 The arrangement of the multiple input ports and the multiple output ports included in the output port array 600 may also be different, which is not described in detail in this embodiment.
  • the output port 624 in this example is relative to the output port 624.
  • the output port 611 needs to be deflected in the transmission direction along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY to ensure that the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M can be input through the input port 611 and then output through the output port 624 .
  • this embodiment is shown to realize the deflection of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the transmission direction of the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY.
  • one The switching engine can simultaneously change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY
  • another switching engine can change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along at least one of the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY.
  • This example can be specifically shown in the following ways 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6.
  • different switching engines change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along different planes.
  • different switching engines change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along different planes.
  • the first switching engine 404 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY at the same time.
  • the second switching engine 481 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the wavelength plane ZY, and the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the port plane XY through the first switching engine 404, to ensure The sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M can be output via the output port 624 .
  • the first switching engine 404 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY at the same time.
  • the second switching engine 481 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the port plane XY, and only the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the wavelength plane ZY through the first switching engine 404, to It is ensured that the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M can be output through the output port 624 .
  • the first switching engine 404 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY at the same time.
  • the second switching engine 481 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY at the same time.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the port plane XY, and can also be changed along the port plane XY through the first switching engine 404 and the second switching engine 481.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M to ensure that the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M can be output through the output port 624 .
  • the first switching engine 404 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • the second switching engine 481 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY and the port plane XY at the same time.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the wavelength plane ZY, and the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the port plane XY through the second switching engine 481 to ensure The sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M can be output via the output port 624 .
  • the first switching engine 404 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • the second switching engine 481 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY.
  • the first switching engine 404 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY.
  • the second switching engine 481 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength light beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY and the wavelength plane ZY.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the port plane XY, and the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M is changed along the port plane XY and the wavelength plane ZY through the second switching engine 481 to ensure the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M.
  • the light beam ⁇ M can be output via the output port 624 .
  • the first switching engine 404 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the port plane XY.
  • the second switching engine 481 changes the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • This embodiment takes any sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M of any first beam as an example to illustrate how the optical switching device exchanges any sub-wavelength beam included in any first beam acquired by the input port to The process of transmitting to any output port will not be repeated.
  • the optical switching device needs to change the transmission direction along the port plane XY for the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M, and also needs to change the transmission direction along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • the optical switching device can also change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam The light beam ⁇ M only changes the transmission direction along the port plane XY.
  • the optical switching device can also change the transmission direction for the sub-wavelength beam ⁇ M only along the wavelength plane ZY.
  • a fifth lens group 482 is further disposed between the second dispersing element 409 and the second exchange engine 481 shown in this embodiment, and the fifth lens group 482 includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the fifth lens group 482 is used for condensing the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams to the second switching engine 481 .
  • the second dispersion element 409 is located at the position of the equivalent front focus of the fifth lens group 482
  • the second exchange engine 481 is located at the position of the equivalent rear focus of the fifth lens group 482 .
  • the distance between the second dispersing element 409 and the fifth lens group 482 , and the distance between the second exchange engine 481 and the fifth lens group 482 are equal to the distance between the fifth lens group 482 . Equivalent focal length.
  • the fifth lens group 482 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, that is, the second sub-wavelength beams shown in this embodiment are transformed by the even number of focal lengths of the odd lenses included in the fifth lens group 482 to obtain Convergence to the second switching engine 481 .
  • the fifth lens group 482 shown in this embodiment satisfies the curvature condition.
  • the curvature condition please refer to the description that the second lens group 403 satisfies the curvature condition, and details are not repeated.
  • the beam is emitted from the second switching engine 481 in a direction perpendicular to the second switching engine 481 .
  • controlling the second sub-wavelength beam to exit at an angle perpendicular to the second switching engine 481 can effectively ensure the coupling efficiency of the second sub-wavelength beam to the output port, and reduce the process of outputting the second sub-wavelength beam from the output port. loss of optical power.
  • the second sub-wavelength beam exits at an angle perpendicular to the second switching engine 481 as an example for illustration, and in other examples, the second sub-wavelength beam can be emitted from the second Switch engine 481 exits.
  • a sixth lens group 484 is included between the second exchange engine 481 and the second beam combiner 483 shown in this embodiment, and the sixth lens group 484 includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the sixth lens group 484 is used for condensing the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams to the second beam combiner 483 .
  • the second exchange engine 481 is located at the position of the equivalent front focus of the sixth lens group 484
  • the second beam combiner 483 is located at the position of the equivalent rear focus of the sixth lens group 484 .
  • the distance between the second exchange engine 481 and the sixth lens group 484, as well as the distance between the second beam combiner 483 and the sixth lens group 484, are equal to the distance of the sixth lens group 484. Equivalent focal length.
  • the sixth lens group 484 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, that is, the second sub-wavelength light beams shown in this embodiment are transformed by the even number of focal lengths of the odd lenses included in the sixth lens group 484 to obtain converge to the second bundle 483 .
  • the sixth lens group 484 shown in this embodiment satisfies the curvature condition.
  • the curvature condition please refer to the description that the second lens group 403 satisfies the curvature condition, and details are not repeated.
  • the second beam combining area of the second beam combining member 483 receives multiple second sub-wavelength beams from the sixth lens group 484, the second beam combining area is used for the multi-channel second sub-wavelength beam.
  • the wavelength beams are combined to form a third beam. It can be known that the number of paths of the third beams emitted by the second beam combining member 483 shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of the second beam combining regions included in the second beam combining member 483 .
  • the arrangement of the second beam combining region included in the second beam combining member 483 shown in this embodiment and the arrangement of the output ports included in the optical switching device must satisfy the fourth arrangement condition, so as to ensure that the second beam combining member passes through the second beam combining member.
  • the multiple third beams emitted after the 483 beam combination can be output through the output port.
  • the fourth arrangement condition shown in this embodiment is that, along the first direction X, the number of the second beam combining regions is less than or equal to the first number, and along the third direction Z, the second combining areas The number of beam regions is less than or equal to the second number.
  • the first quantity and the second quantity please refer to the description of the first arrangement condition shown above, and details will not be repeated.
  • the plurality of second beam combining regions are arranged in four rows and five columns on the second beam combining member 483
  • the plurality of output ports are also arranged in four rows and five columns on the output port array.
  • the second beam combiner 483 is configured to output the combined multiplex third beams to the corresponding output ports included in the output port array 600 .
  • a seventh lens group 485 may also be included between the second beam combiner 483 and the output port array 600 shown in this embodiment, and the seventh lens group 485 includes an odd number of lenses.
  • the seventh lens group 485 is used for condensing multiple third light beams to the output port, so as to output the third light beam from the optical switching device.
  • the second beam combiner 483 is located at the position of the equivalent front focus of the seventh lens group 485
  • the output port is located at the position of the equivalent back focus of the seventh lens group 485 .
  • the distance between the second beam combiner 483 and the output port, and the distance between the output port and the seventh lens group 485 are equal to the equivalent focal length of the seventh lens group 485 .
  • the seventh lens group 485 shown in this embodiment satisfies the curvature condition.
  • the curvature condition please refer to the description that the second lens group 403 satisfies the curvature condition, and details are not repeated.
  • the seventh lens group 485 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, that is, the third light beams shown in this embodiment are transformed by the even focal lengths of the odd lenses included in the seventh lens group 485 to converge to Corresponding output port output.
  • the second beam combiner 483 includes two rows and two columns of second beam combining areas
  • the output port array 600 also includes two rows and two columns of output ports, then the two rows and two columns of the second beam combining areas output four channels of The three light beams are converged to a total of four output ports in two rows and two columns through the seventh lens group 485, so as to ensure that the output ports can successfully output the third light beam from the optical switching device.
  • the transmission direction of at least one sub-wavelength beam of the first beam obtained by the input port can be changed along the port plane XY and along the wavelength plane ZY, and the transmission direction of at least one sub-wavelength beam of the first beam obtained by the input port can be changed. Deflection of plane ZY to the direction of transport. It is ensured that the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can realize that the sub-wavelength beams obtained by the input ports located at any positions of the input port array can be exchanged to the output ports at any positions included in the output port array, thereby realizing the realization of the The deflection of the wavelength beam in any direction effectively avoids the disadvantage of the limited number of input ports and output ports included in the optical switching device. As shown in this embodiment, the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam can be changed multiple times, the insertion loss of changing the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam is reduced, and the accuracy of exchanging the transmission direction of the beam is improved.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are schematic structural diagram of the optical switching device along a wavelength plane
  • FIG. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical switching device along a port plane.
  • the wavelength plane and the port plane shown in this embodiment please refer to Embodiment 1 for details, and details are not repeated in this embodiment.
  • a grating 701 included in the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can simultaneously implement the first optical switching device shown in Embodiment 1. Functions of the dispersive element, the second dispersive element, the first beam combiner and the second beam combiner.
  • One switching engine 702 included in the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can simultaneously implement the functions of the first switching engine and the second switching engine shown in the first embodiment.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment includes an input port array 400.
  • the input port array 400 shown in this embodiment please refer to Embodiment 1, and details are not repeated in this embodiment.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a switching separation module 700 , and a condensing lens group 801 is further included between the switching separation module 700 and the input port array 400 .
  • the condensing lens group 801 shown in this embodiment includes an odd number of lenses, and the condensing lens group 801 is used to condense the multiple first light beams in the wavelength plane ZY and in the port plane XY to the switch and separation module 700 included on the first transmission area.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural example diagram of an embodiment of the switching separation module provided by the present application.
  • the exchange and separation module 700 shown in this embodiment includes a first transmission region 902 .
  • the first transmission area 902 of the switching and separation module 700 receives the first light beam from the input port.
  • the first transmission area 902 shown in this embodiment is used to transmit the first light beam in a transmission manner. It can be seen that when the first light beam is transmitted In the case of the first transmissive region 902 , the first transmissive region 902 can transmit the first light beam in a transmissive manner to ensure that the first light beam can be transmitted to the grating 701 .
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a lens group 802 and a lens group 803.
  • the lens group 802 and the lens group 803 form the second lens group shown in
  • Embodiment 1 for details, and details are not repeated in this embodiment. It should be clearly stated that an odd number of lenses are included between the input port array 400 and the grating 701 in this embodiment to form the second lens group.
  • the second lens group shown in this embodiment is used to condense the first light beam to the grating 701, and the number of the first light beam is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the number of the first light beams shown in this embodiment is four. 4 and 7, along the wavelength plane ZY, the transmission directions of the first light beams from the input port 611 and from the input port 614 are in the same direction of transmission, and the first light beams from the input port 612 and from the input port 613 are in the same direction of transmission.
  • the transmission direction of a light beam is in a transmission state in the same direction. A state in which the propagation directions of the first light beam from the input port 611 and the first light beam from the input port 612 are separated.
  • the transmission directions of the first light beam from the input port 611 and the first light beam from the input port 612 are in the same direction of transmission.
  • the transmission directions of the first light beam from the input port 614 and the first light beam from the input port 613 are in a transmission state in the same direction.
  • FIG. 10 shows the conversion of the first light beam into the second light beam.
  • the first light beam is the first light beam 711 shown in FIG. 7 , FIG. 8 , and FIG. 10 .
  • the first light beam 711 can be any part of the input port array.
  • the description of the process of the optical switching device deflecting the transmission directions of other first beams can refer to the description of the deflection of the first beam 711 , and details are not repeated.
  • the grating 701 decomposes each of the first beams to form multiple first sub-wavelength beams. For example, the grating 701 decomposes the first beam 711 to form a first sub-wavelength beam 721 and a first sub-wavelength beam 722.
  • the propagation directions of the first sub-wavelength beam 721 and the first sub-wavelength beam 722 in the wavelength plane ZY are in a separated state.
  • the propagation directions of the first sub-wavelength light beam 721 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 722 in the port plane XY are in a state of coincidence.
  • the grating 701 decomposes the first beam to form multiple first sub-wavelength beams
  • the first dispersive element 402 for decomposing the first beam to form multiple first sub-wavelength beams shown in the first embodiment. The specific process of the wavelength beam will not be described in detail.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a lens group 704 located between the grating 701 and the switching engine 702.
  • a lens group 704 located between the grating 701 and the switching engine 702.
  • the lens group 704 shown in this embodiment is used to combine the multiplex first sub-wavelength light beams (for example, the first sub-wavelength light beam 721 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 722 ) in the wavelength plane ZY and in the port plane XY , the multiple first sub-wavelength beams are incident on the switch engine 702 in parallel directions and perpendicular to the switch engine 702 .
  • the switching engine 702 receives each first sub-wavelength beam (for example, the first sub-wavelength beam 721 and the first sub-wavelength beam 722 ), and the first sub-wavelength can be changed along the wavelength plane ZY and/or the port plane XY
  • the transmission direction of the light beam ensures that different first switching areas of the switching engine 702 can be incident on different first beam combining areas included in the grating 701 .
  • the switching engine 702 changing the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beams please refer to the description of the first switching engine 404 changing the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beams shown in Embodiment 1, and details are not repeated.
  • the first sub-wavelength beams emitted from the switching engine 702 are transmitted to the grating 701 through the lens group 704.
  • the lens group 704 please refer to the description of the fourth lens group 407 shown in the first embodiment.
  • the same lens group 704 shown can realize the functions of the third lens group 405 and the fourth lens group 407 shown in the first embodiment, and the lens group 704 shown in this embodiment can exchange different first exchange areas of the exchange engine 702.
  • the emitted first sub-wavelength beams are transmitted to different first beam combining regions included in the grating 701, and are used to converge the first sub-wavelength beams emitted from the same first exchange region to the first combining region. on the beam area.
  • the description of the first beam combining area included in the grating 701 please refer to the description of the first beam combining area included in the first beam combining member 406 shown in the first embodiment, and details are not repeated.
  • the first beam combining area of the grating 701 receives multiple first sub-wavelength beams from the lens group 704, the first beam combining area is used to combine the multiple first sub-wavelength beams to form second beam.
  • the second beam emitted from the first beam combining area of the grating 701 is taken as an example of the second beam 731 .
  • the grating 701 is used to sequentially enter multiple second light beams into the lens group 803 and the lens group 802, wherein the lens group 803 and the lens group 802 form the first lens group 408 shown in the first embodiment, so that the lens group 803 and the lens group 802 form the first lens group 408 shown in the first embodiment.
  • the lens group 802 can realize the function of the first lens group 408 shown in the first embodiment. For a specific description, please refer to the first embodiment, and details are not repeated. It can be seen that the lens group 803 and the lens group 802 shown in this embodiment are used for condensing the second light beams of each path to the reflection area 901 of the exchange and separation module 700 . As shown in FIG.
  • the exchange and separation module 700 shown in this embodiment includes a reflection area 901 .
  • the reflection area 901 of the exchange and separation module 700 is used for receiving the second light beam and for transmitting the second light beam in a reflective manner. It can be seen that when the second light beam is transmitted to the reflection area 901 , the reflection area 901 can retransmit the second light beam to the optical switching device in a reflective manner to ensure that the second light beam can be transmitted to the grating 701 .
  • FIG. 11 is a structural example diagram of the third embodiment of the optical switching device provided by the present application along the port plane. It can be seen that the multiple second light beams reflected by the reflection area 901 can be condensed to the grating 701 through the lens group 802 and the lens group 803 in sequence. The description of the first lens group 408 will not be described in detail.
  • the grating 701 receives the second light beams from the lens group 802 and the lens group 803 and decomposes them to output multiple second sub-wavelength light beams.
  • grating 701 decomposes second beam 741 to form second sub-wavelength beam 751 and second sub-wavelength beam 752 .
  • the second dispersive element 409 for decomposing the second beam to form multiple second sub-wavelength beams shown in the first embodiment. The specific process of the wavelength beam will not be described in detail.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a lens group 704 located between the grating 701 and the switching engine 702, which is related to the description of the fifth lens group 482 shown in the first embodiment, and details are not repeated. It can be seen that the lens group 704 is used for condensing the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams to the switching engine 702 . After receiving the second sub-wavelength light beam, the switching engine 702 can change the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength light beam along the wavelength plane ZY and/or the port plane XY. In addition, after the switching engine 702 changes the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength beam, the beam exits from the switching engine 702 in a direction perpendicular to the switching engine 702. For details, please refer to the second switching engine 481 shown in the first embodiment. Description, details will not be repeated.
  • the multiplexed second sub-wavelength beams are converged to the grating 701 .
  • the second beam combining area of the grating 701 receives multiple second sub-wavelength beams
  • the second beam combining area is used to combine the multiple second sub-wavelength beams to form a third beam. It can be known that the number of paths of the third beams emitted by the grating 701 shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of the second beam combining areas included in the grating 701 .
  • the third light beam may be the third light beam 761 shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the lens group 803 and the lens group 802 form the seventh lens group 485 shown in the first embodiment, and are used for condensing the third light beam 706 onto the second transmission area included in the exchange and separation module 700 .
  • the exchange and separation module 700 shown in this embodiment includes a second transmission area 903 .
  • the second transmission area 903 of the exchange and separation module 700 receives the third beam, and the second transmission area 902 shown in this embodiment is used to transmit the third beam in a transmission manner. It can be seen that when the third beam is transmitted to the second transmission In the case of the region 903, the second transmission region 903 can transmit the third light beam to the output port array 600 in a transmission manner.
  • the positions of the first transmission area 902 , the reflection area 901 and the second transmission area 903 included in the exchange and separation module 700 shown in this embodiment are different from each other.
  • This embodiment is illustrated by taking the example shown in FIG. 9 as an example. , that is, the first transmission area 902 , the reflection area 901 and the second transmission area 903 are arranged in a single row. In other examples, the first transmission area 902 , the reflection area 901 and the second transmission area 903 can also be arranged in other arrangements.
  • the first transmissive area 902, the reflective area 901 and the second transmissive area 903 are arranged in a single row, or the first transmissive area 902, the reflective area 901 and the second transmissive area 903 are arranged in a staggered manner Wait.
  • the surfaces of the first transmissive area 902 , the reflective area 901 and the second transmissive area 903 have a square structure as an example.
  • the first transmissive area 902 , the reflective area 901 and the second transmissive area 903 can also be respectively It has a triangular structure, a circular structure, a quadrangular structure, etc., which are not specifically limited.
  • the first transmission area 902 may have a transparent structure to ensure that the optical signal can be transmitted through the transmission of the first transmission area 902 .
  • the reflective area 901 may be a reflective film on the surface of the exchange separation module 700 to ensure that the optical signal can be transmitted through the reflection of the reflective film.
  • the transmission direction of at least one sub-wavelength beam of the first beam obtained by the input port can be changed along the port plane XY and along the wavelength plane ZY, and the transmission of the sub-wavelength beam can be realized.
  • the direction along the port plane XY and the deflection along the wavelength plane ZY ensure that the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can realize that the sub-wavelength beams obtained by the input ports located at any positions of the input port array can be switched to the output port array.
  • the included output port at any position realizes the deflection of the sub-wavelength beam along any direction, effectively avoiding the disadvantage of limited input ports and output ports included in the optical switching device.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam can be changed multiple times, the insertion loss of changing the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam is reduced, and the accuracy of exchanging the transmission direction of the beam is improved.
  • only one grating is used to decompose the first beam to form a plurality of first sub-wavelength beams.
  • the process of combining the sub-wavelength beams to form the second beam can also realize the process of decomposing the second beam to form multiple second sub-wavelength beams, and can also realize the multiple second sub-wavelength beams.
  • the role of forming a third beam is also realized.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can realize the deflection of the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength beam and the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength beam only through one switching device, which can improve the utilization of optical devices efficiency, reduce the overall volume of the optical switching device, and improve the space utilization of the optical switching device.
  • the optical switching device described in this embodiment can ensure that the output third beam can be accurately transmitted to the output port array, effectively ensure the separation of the transmission direction of the first beam and the transmission direction of the third beam, so as to improve the beam transmission The accuracy of the deflection of the direction.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical switching device along the wavelength plane.
  • the wavelength plane and the port plane shown in this embodiment please refer to Embodiment 1 for details, and details are not repeated in this embodiment.
  • the difference between the optical switching device shown in this embodiment and the optical switching device shown in the first embodiment is that the first grating 1201 included in the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can simultaneously realize the first grating 1201 shown in the first embodiment.
  • the second grating 1202 included in the optical switching device shown in this embodiment can simultaneously realize the functions of the second dispersing member and the second beam combining member shown in the first embodiment.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment includes an input port array 400.
  • the input port array 400 shown in this embodiment please refer to Embodiment 1, and details are not repeated in this embodiment.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a first switching separation module 1203, and a condensing lens group 1204 is further included between the first switching separation module 1203 and the input port array 400.
  • the condensing lens group 1204 shown in this embodiment include an odd number of lenses.
  • the condensing lens group 1204 is used to condense the multiplex first light beams in the wavelength plane ZY and in the port plane XY to the transmission area included in the first switching and separation module 1203.
  • the converging shown in this embodiment for the specific description of the lens group 1204, reference may be made to the description of the condensing lens group 801 shown in the second embodiment, and details are not repeated.
  • the transmission area included in the first switch separation module 1203 is used to receive the first light beam from the input port array 400 and transmit the first light beam in a transmission manner. It can be seen that when the first light beam is transmitted to the first switch In the case of the transmission area of the separation module 1203, the transmission area can transmit the first light beam in a transmission manner to ensure that the first light beam can be transmitted to the first grating 1201.
  • the first exchange separation module 1203 shown in this embodiment For the description of the transmissive region, please refer to the description of the first transmissive region 902 of the exchange and separation module 700 shown in the second embodiment, and details are not repeated.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a lens group 1205 and a lens group 1206.
  • the lens group 1205 and the lens group 1206 form the second lens group shown in the first embodiment as an example for illustration.
  • the specific description of the second lens group please refer to Embodiment 1 for details, and details are not repeated in this embodiment. It should be clearly stated that an odd number of lenses are included between the input port array 400 and the first grating 1201 in this embodiment to form the second lens group.
  • the second lens group shown in this embodiment is used for condensing the first light beam to the first grating 1201 , and the number of the first light beam is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the transmission of the first light beam to the first grating 1201 reference may be made to the description of the transmission of the first light beam to the grating 701 shown in the second embodiment, and details are not repeated.
  • the first light beam is the first light beam 1211 shown in FIG. 12 as an example.
  • the first light beam 1211 can be any input port included in the input port array. Please refer to the description of the deflection of the first light beam 1211 for the description of the deflecting process of the transmission direction of the other first light beams by the optical switching device for the input first light beam, and details are not repeated.
  • the first grating 1201 decomposes each of the first beams to form multiple first sub-wavelength beams, for example, the first grating 1201 decomposes the first beam 1211 to form the first sub-wavelength beam 1221 and the first sub-wavelength beam 1222 , for the description of the specific process, please refer to the description of the process in which the grating 701 shown in the second embodiment decomposes the first light beam to form multiple first sub-wavelength light beams, and details are not repeated.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes a lens group 1208 located between the first grating 1201 and the first switching engine 1207.
  • a lens group 1208 located between the first grating 1201 and the first switching engine 1207.
  • the lens group 1208 shown in this embodiment please refer to the first embodiment.
  • the description of the third lens group 405 will not be repeated in detail.
  • the lens group 1208 shown in this embodiment is used to combine the multiplex first sub-wavelength light beams (for example, the first sub-wavelength light beam 1221 and the first sub-wavelength light beam 1222 ) in the wavelength plane ZY and in the port plane XY , the multiple first sub-wavelength beams are incident on the first switch engine 1207 in parallel directions and perpendicular to the direction of the first switch engine 1207 .
  • the first switching engine 1207 receives each first sub-wavelength beam (for example, the first sub-wavelength beam 1221 and the first sub-wavelength beam 1222 ), and the first sub-wavelength beam 1221 and the first sub-wavelength beam 1222 can be changed along the wavelength plane ZY and/or the port plane XY.
  • the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beams is to ensure that different first switching areas of the first switching engine 1207 can be incident on different first beam combining areas included in the first grating 1201 .
  • the first switching engine 1207 changing the transmission direction of each first sub-wavelength beam please refer to the description of the first switching engine 1207 changing the transmission direction of each first sub-wavelength beam shown in Embodiment 1, and details are not repeated.
  • the first sub-wavelength beams emitted from the first switching engine 1207 are transmitted to the first grating 1201 through the lens group 1208.
  • the lens group 1208 please refer to the description of the fourth lens group 407 shown in the first embodiment.
  • the same lens group 1208 shown in this embodiment can realize the functions of the third lens group 405 and the fourth lens group 407 shown in the first embodiment, and the lens group 1208 shown in this embodiment can
  • the first sub-light wavelength beams emitted from different first exchange regions are transmitted to different first beam combining regions included in the first grating 1201, and are used to combine the first sub-wavelength beams emitted from the same first exchange region.
  • the sub-wavelength beams are converged on the first beam combining area.
  • first beam combining area included in the first grating 1201 please refer to the description of the first beam combining area included in the first beam combining member 406 shown in the first embodiment, and details are not repeated.
  • the first beam combining area of the first grating 1201 receives multiple first sub-wavelength beams from the lens group 1208, the first beam combining area is used to combine the multiple first sub-wavelength beams to form a second beam.
  • the second beam emitted from the first beam combining area of the first grating 1201 is taken as the second beam 1231 as an example.
  • the first grating 1201 is used to sequentially enter multiple second light beams into the lens group 1206 and the lens group 1205, wherein the lens group 1206 and the lens group 1205 form the first lens group 408 shown in the first embodiment, so that the lens group 1206 and the lens group 1205 can realize the function of the first lens group 408 shown in the first embodiment.
  • the lens group 1206 and the lens group 1205 shown in this embodiment are used for condensing the second light beams of each path to the reflection area of the first switching and separating module 1204 .
  • the reflection area included in the first switching and separation module 1204 shown in this embodiment reference may be made to Embodiment 2, and details are not repeated. It can be known that the reflection area and the transmission area included in the first exchange and separation module 1204 are located at different positions.
  • the reflection area of the first exchange and separation module 1204 is used to receive the second light beam, transmit the second light beam in a reflective manner, and transmit the second light beam to the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module 1101, this embodiment
  • the reflection area of the first exchange and separation module 1204 and the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 face each other, thereby effectively ensuring the reflection area from the first exchange and separation module 1204.
  • the second light beam can be successfully transmitted to the second exchange under the reflection of the reflection area of the first exchange and separation module 1204. on the reflective area of the separation module 1101.
  • This embodiment does not limit the incident angle of the second light beam entering the reflection area of the first exchange and separation module 1204 , as long as the second light beam can be successfully transmitted to the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 .
  • the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 can retransmit the second light beam to the optical exchange device in a reflective manner, so as to ensure the The second light beam can be transmitted onto the second grating 1202 .
  • a condenser lens group is further included between the reflection area of the first exchange and separation module 1204 shown in this embodiment and the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module 1101, and the condenser lens group shown in this embodiment is used to The second light beam in the reflection area of the module 1204 is condensed onto the reflection area of the second switching and separation module 1101 .
  • the multiple second light beams reflected by the reflection area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 can be condensed to the second grating 1202 through the lens group 1102 and the lens group 1103 in sequence.
  • the functions of the lens group 1102 and the lens group 1103 please refer to The description of the first lens group 408 shown in the first embodiment will not be repeated in detail.
  • the second grating 1202 receives the second light beams from the lens group 1102 and the lens group 1103 and decomposes them to output multiple second sub-wavelength light beams.
  • the second grating 1202 decomposes the second beam 1241 to form the second sub-wavelength beam 1251 and the second sub-wavelength beam 1252 .
  • the second dispersing element 409 for decomposing the second beam to form multiple second sub-wavelength beams shown in the first embodiment. The specific process of the two sub-wavelength beams will not be described in detail.
  • the optical switching device shown in this embodiment further includes the lens group 1105 located between the second grating 1202 and the second switching engine 1104. It is related to the description of the fifth lens group 482 shown in the first embodiment, and details are not repeated. It can be seen that the lens group 1105 is used for condensing the multiple second sub-wavelength light beams to the second switching engine 1104 . After receiving the second sub-wavelength beam, the second switching engine 1104 can change the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength beam along the wavelength plane ZY and/or the port plane XY. Moreover, after the second switching engine 1104 changes the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength beam, the beam exits from the second switching engine 1104 in a direction perpendicular to the second switching engine 1104. For details, please refer to the first embodiment. The description of the second switching engine 481 will not be described in detail.
  • the lens group 1105 shown in this embodiment is used to The wavelength light beams converge to the second grating 1202 .
  • the second beam combining area of the second grating 1202 receives multiple second sub-wavelength beams
  • the second beam combining area is used to combine the multiple second sub-wavelength beams to form a third beam.
  • the number of paths of the third beams emitted by the second grating 1202 shown in this embodiment is equal to the number of the second beam combining areas included in the second grating 1202 .
  • the third light beam may be the third light beam 1261 shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the lens group 1103 and the lens group 1102 form the seventh lens group 485 shown in the first embodiment, and are used for condensing the third light beam 1206 onto the transmission area included in the second exchange and separation module 1101 .
  • the transmission area included in the second exchange and separation module 1101 please refer to the description of the transmission area included in the exchange and separation module shown in the second embodiment, and details are not repeated.
  • the transmission area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 receives the third beam
  • the transmission area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 shown in this embodiment is used to transmit the third beam in a transmission manner. It can be seen that in the third When the light beam is transmitted to the transmission area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 , the transmission area of the second exchange and separation module 1101 can transmit the third beam to the output port array 600 in a transmission manner.
  • the process of decomposing the first beam to form a plurality of first sub-wavelength beams by a first grating can also realize the process of decomposing a plurality of first sub-wavelength beams.
  • the process of decomposing the second beam to form a plurality of second sub-wavelength beams can also be realized by a second grating, and the second grating can also realize the process of combining the plurality of second sub-wavelength beams to form a third beam. effect.
  • the utilization rate of the optical device is effectively improved, the overall volume of the optical switching device is reduced, and the space utilization rate of the optical switching device is improved.
  • the second light beam whose transmission direction is changed through the first switching engine shown in this embodiment can be transmitted to the second switching engine through the first switching separation module and the second switching separation module in turn, and then passes through the second switching engine.
  • the transmission direction is deflected, because the first beam is transmitted to the first exchange engine through the first exchange and separation module, and the third beam from the second exchange engine is output through the second exchange and separation module, which can ensure that the output third beam is accurate.
  • the transmission to the output port array effectively ensures the separation of the transmission direction of the first beam and the transmission direction of the third beam, so as to improve the deflection accuracy of the beam transmission direction.
  • This embodiment provides an optical switching method.
  • the optical switching method shown in this embodiment is based on the optical switching device shown in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of steps of the first embodiment of the optical switching method provided by the present application.
  • Step 1301 The optical switching device acquires the first light beam through the input port.
  • Step 1302 The optical switching device receives the first beam from the input port through the first dispersive element, decomposes the first beam into multiple first sub-wavelength beams, and injects the multiple first sub-wavelength beams into the first switch. engine.
  • Step 1303 The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength light beam through the first switching engine so as to be incident on the plurality of first beam combining regions included in the first beam combining member.
  • Step 1304 The optical switching device combines the received first sub-wavelength beams through the first beam combining area to form a second beam, and injects multiple second beams into the first lens group.
  • Step 1305 the optical switching device condenses the multiple second light beams to the second dispersing element through the first lens group.
  • Step 1306 The optical switching device decomposes each second beam into multiple second sub-wavelength beams through the second dispersing element, and injects the multiple second sub-wavelength beams into the second switching engine.
  • Step 1307 The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength light beam through the second switching engine so as to be incident on the plurality of second beam combining regions included in the second beam combining member.
  • the first switching engine and the second switching engine jointly change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam along the wavelength plane and the port plane, the wavelength plane and the port plane are perpendicular to each other, and both the wavelength plane and the port plane are parallel to the transmission direction of the first beam .
  • Step 1308 The optical switching device combines the received second sub-wavelength beams through the second beam combining area to form a third beam, and transmits the third beam to the output port.
  • Step 1309 The optical switching device outputs the third light beam through the output port.
  • This embodiment provides an optical switching method.
  • the optical switching method shown in this embodiment is based on the optical switching device shown in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of steps of the second embodiment of the optical switching method provided by the present application.
  • Step 1401 The optical switching device acquires the first light beam through the input port.
  • Step 1402 The optical switching device receives the first light beam through the first transmission area of the switching separation module, and transmits the first light beam to the first dispersion member in a transmission manner.
  • Step 1403 The optical switching device receives the first beam from the input port through the first dispersive element, decomposes the first beam into multiple first sub-wavelength beams, and injects the multiple first sub-wavelength beams into the first switch. engine.
  • Step 1404 The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength light beam through the first switching engine to be incident on the plurality of first beam combining regions included in the first beam combining member.
  • Step 1405 The optical switching device combines the received first sub-wavelength beams through the first beam combining area to form a second beam.
  • Step 1406 The optical switching device receives the second light beam through the reflection area of the switching separation module, and transmits the second light beam to the first lens group in a reflective manner.
  • Step 1407 The optical switching device converges the multiple second light beams to the second dispersing element through the first lens group.
  • Step 1408 The optical switching device decomposes each second beam into multiple second sub-wavelength beams through the second dispersing element, and injects the multiple second sub-wavelength beams into the second switching engine.
  • Step 1409 The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength light beam through the second switching engine so as to be incident on the plurality of second beam combining regions included in the second beam combining member.
  • the first switching engine and the second switching engine jointly change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam along the wavelength plane and the port plane, the wavelength plane and the port plane are perpendicular to each other, and both the wavelength plane and the port plane are parallel to the transmission direction of the first beam .
  • Step 1410 The optical switching device combines the received second sub-wavelength beams through the second beam combining area to form a third beam.
  • Step 1411 The optical switching device receives the third light beam through the second transmission area of the switching separation module, and transmits the third light beam to the output port in a transmission manner.
  • Step 1412 the optical switching device outputs the third light beam through the output port.
  • This embodiment provides an optical switching method.
  • the optical switching method shown in this embodiment is based on the optical switching device shown in the third embodiment.
  • the optical switching device please refer to the third embodiment. I won't go into details.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart of steps of the third embodiment of the optical switching method provided by the present application.
  • Step 1501 The optical switching device obtains the first light beam through the input port.
  • Step 1502 The optical switching device receives the first light beam through the transmission area of the first switching separation module, and transmits the first light beam to the first dispersion member in a transmission manner.
  • Step 1503 The optical switching device receives the first beam from the input port through the first dispersive element, decomposes the first beam into multiple first sub-wavelength beams, and injects the multiple first sub-wavelength beams into the first switch. engine.
  • Step 1504 The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the first sub-wavelength light beam through the first switching engine so as to be incident on the plurality of first beam combining regions included in the first beam combining member.
  • Step 1505 The optical switching device combines the received first sub-wavelength beams through the first beam combining area to form a second beam.
  • Step 1506 The optical switch device receives the second light beam through the reflection area of the first switch and separation module, and transmits the second light beam to the second switch and separation module in a reflective manner.
  • Step 1507 The optical switching device receives the second light beam through the reflection area of the second switching separation module, and transmits the second light beam to the second dispersing member in a reflective manner.
  • Step 1508 The optical switching device decomposes each second beam into multiple second sub-wavelength beams through the second dispersing element, and injects the multiple second sub-wavelength beams into the second switching engine.
  • Step 1509 The optical switching device changes the transmission direction of the second sub-wavelength light beam through the second switching engine to be incident on the plurality of second beam combining regions included in the second beam combining member.
  • the first switching engine and the second switching engine jointly change the transmission direction of the sub-wavelength beam along the wavelength plane and the port plane, the wavelength plane and the port plane are perpendicular to each other, and both the wavelength plane and the port plane are parallel to the transmission direction of the first beam .
  • Step 1510 The optical switching device combines the received second sub-wavelength beams through the second beam combining area to form a third beam.
  • Step 1511 The optical switching device receives the third light beam through the transmission area of the second switching separation module, and transmits the third light beam to the output port in a transmission manner.
  • Step 1512 The optical switching device outputs the third light beam through the output port.
  • the present application also provides an optical communication system.
  • the following describes the structure of the optical communication system 1600 provided by the present application with reference to FIG. 16 , wherein FIG. 16 is an embodiment structure of the optical communication system provided by the present application. sample graph.
  • the optical communication system 1600 includes a plurality of optical nodes, and the description of the optical nodes can be referred to as shown in FIG. 1a or FIG. 1b, and details are not repeated.
  • the optical communication system 1600 shown in this embodiment includes an optical node 1601 , an optical node 1602 , an optical node 1603 , an optical node 1604 and an optical node 1605 .
  • the description of the number of the included optical nodes is an optional example and not limited.
  • the optical communication system 1600 also includes an optical fiber connected between the two optical nodes. Taking the optical node 1601 and the optical node 1605 as an example, the optical communication system 1600 also includes an optical fiber 1606 connected between the optical node 1601 and the optical node 1605. The embodiment does not limit the connection relationship between the multiple optical nodes included in the optical communication system 1600 .

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种光交换装置、光交换方法、光交换节点以及系统，其用于实现光信号在更多传输方向上的交换。该光交换装置包括输入端口，第一色散件，第一交换引擎，第一合束件，第一透镜组，第二色散件，第二合束件，第二交换引擎以及输出端口；其中，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎共同沿波长平面和端口平面改变子波长光束的传输方向，所述波长平面和所述端口平面相互垂直，且所述波长平面和所述端口平面均与第一光束的传输方向平行。

Description

一种光交换装置、光交换方法、光交换节点以及系统
本申请要求于2021年4月30日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号202110485945.7、申请名称为“一种光交换装置、光交换方法、光交换节点以及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光纤通信领域，尤其涉及一种光交换装置、光交换方法、光交换节点以及系统。
背景技术
当前光网络中，可通过光交换节点进行光信号传输方向(或者说传输路径)的交换。该光交换节点可为可重构光分插复用器(reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer，ROADM)或数据中心网络内部的光交换节点。
在目前的光交换节点中，使用多个波长选择开关(wavelength selective switch，WSS)互联来搭建光交换节点，以实现不同的光信号的传输方向的交换。但是，对于单个WSS而言，该WSS通过所包括的多个输入光纤获取输入光信号，该WSS通过所包括的多个输出光纤输出光信号，而且输入光纤和输出光纤均沿目标方向呈一维排列。可见，该WSS仅能够在目标方向实现传输方向的交换。
因光信号仅能够在目标方向上进行传输方向的交换，导致WSS的输出光纤的输出端口的数量受限，使得目前的WSS无法实现光信号在更多传输方向上的交换。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种光交换装置、光交换方法、光交换节点以及系统，其用于实现光信号在更多传输方向上的交换。
本发明实施例第一方面提供了一种光交换装置，所述光交换装置包括输入端口，第一色散件，第一交换引擎，第一合束件，第一透镜组，第二色散件，第二合束件，第二交换引擎以及输出端口；所述输入端口用于获取第一光束；所述第一色散件用于接收来自所述输入端口的所述第一光束，并用于将所述第一光束分解成多路第一子波长光束，所述第一色散件还用于将所述多路第一子波长光束入射至所述第一交换引擎；所述第一交换引擎用于改变所述第一子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第一合束件所包括的多个第一合束区域上；所述第一合束区域用于对已接收的所述第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束，所述第一合束件用于将多路所述第二光束入射至所述第一透镜组；所述第一透镜组用于将多路所述第二光束汇聚至所述第二色散件，所述第一透镜组包括奇数个透镜；所述第二色散件用于将每路所述第二光束分解成多路第二子波长光束，所述第二色散件用于将所述多路第二子波长光束入射至所述第二交换引擎；所述第二交换引擎用于改变所述第二子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第二合束件所包括的多个第二合束区域上，其中，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎共同沿波长平面和端口平面改变子波长光束的传输方向，所 述波长平面和所述端口平面相互垂直，且所述波长平面和所述端口平面均与所述第一光束的传输方向平行；所述第二合束区域用于对已接收的所述第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束，所述第二合束件用于将所述第三光束传输至所述输出端口。
可见，本方面所示的光交换装置，能够沿端口平面XY以及沿波长平面ZY，改变输入端口所获取的第一光束的至少一路子波长光束的传输方向，对子波长光束实现沿端口平面XY以及沿波长平面ZY对传输方向的偏转。保证了本实施例所示的光交换装置能够实现将位于输入端口阵列任意位置处的输入端口所获取的子波长光束，交换至输出端口阵列所包括的任意位置处的输出端口，实现了对子波长光束沿任意方向的偏转，有效地避免了光交换装置所包括的输入端口和输出端口数量受限的弊端。因可通过第一交换引擎和第二交换引擎对子波长光束实现多次传输方向的改变，降低了改变子波长光束的传输方向的插损而且提高了对子波长光束的传输方向进行交换的准确性。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一透镜组所包括的至少一个透镜，用于沿所述波长平面和/或所述端口平面将多路所述第二光束汇聚至所述第二色散件。
可见，本方面所示的第一透镜组能够沿所述波长平面和所述端口平面将多路所述第二光束汇聚至所述第二色散件，以保证第二光束能够成功地传输至第二交换引擎上，以实现对传输方向进行改变的目的。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一色散件、所述第二色散件、所述第一合束件和所述第二合束件为同一光栅，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎为同一交换引擎，所述光交换装置还包括交换分离模块；所述交换分离模块的第一透射区域用于接收所述第一光束，并用于将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；所述交换分离模块的反射区域用于接收所述第二光束，并用于将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第一透镜组；所述交换分离模块的第二透射区域用于接收所述第三光束，并用于将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
可见，本方面所示的光交换装置进行光束传输方向偏转的过程中，仅通过一个光栅实现对第一光束的分解以形成多个第一子波长光束的过程，还能够实现对多个第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束的过程，还能够实现对第二光束进行分解以形成多个第二子波长光束的过程，还能够实现对多个第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束的作用。而且该光交换装置仅通过一个交换装置能够实现对第一子波长光束的传输方向的偏转，还能够实现对第二子波长光束的传输方向的偏转，能够提高光器件的利用率，降低光交换装置整体的体积，以及提高光交换装置的空间利用率。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一色散件和所述第一合束件为同一第一光栅，所述第二色散件和所述第二合束件同一第二光栅，所述光交换装置还包括第一交换分离模块和第二交换分离模块；所述第一交换分离模块的透射区域用于接收所述第一光束，并用于将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；所述第一交换分离模块的反射区域用于接收所述第二光束，并用于将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二交换分离模块；所述第二交换分离模块的反射区域用于接收所述第二光束，并用于将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二色散件；所述第二交换分离模块的透射区域用于接 收所述第三光束，并用于将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
可见，本方面所示的光交换装置进行光束传输方向偏转的过程中，通过一个第一光栅实现对第一光束的分解以形成多个第一子波长光束的过程，还能够实现对多个第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束的过程。通过一个第二光栅实现对第二光束进行分解以形成多个第二子波长光束的过程，该第二光栅还能够实现对多个第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束的作用。有效地提高了光器件的利用率，降低光交换装置整体的体积，以及提高光交换装置的空间利用率。
而且因本方面所示的经由第一交换引擎改变了传输方向的第二光束，能够依次经由第一交换分离模块和第二交换分离模块传输至第二交换引擎上，再通过第二交换引擎进行传输方向的偏转，因第一光束经由第一交换分离模块向第一交换引擎传输，而来自第二交换引擎的第三光束经由第二交换分离模块输出，能够保证输出的第三光束精确地向输出端口阵列传输，有效地保证了第一光束的传输方向和第三光束的传输方向的分离，以提高光束传输方向的偏转的准确性。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述光交换装置所包括的交换分离模块与所述第一透镜组之间的距离等于所述第一透镜组的等效焦距。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述光交换装置包括输入端口阵列和输出端口阵列，所述输入端口阵列分别沿第一方向和第三方向均包括多个所述输入端口，所述输出端口阵列分别沿所述第一方向和所述第三方向均包括多个所述输出端口，所述第一方向和所述第三方向均与所述第一光束的传输方向垂直，且所述第一方向和所述第三方向相互垂直。
可见，本方面所示的输出端口阵列所包括的多个输入端口沿二维方向排列，输出端口阵列所包括的多个输出端口也沿二维方向排列，有效地保证了本方面所示的光交换装置能够实现对子波长光束在更多传输方向上的交换。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述光交换装置沿第一方向包括第一数量的所述输出端口，所述光交换装置沿第三方向包括第二数量的所述输出端口，所述第一方向和所述第三方向均与所述第一光束的传输方向垂直；所述第一合束件沿所述第一方向所包括的所述第一合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第一数量，所述第一合束件沿所述第三方向所包括的所述第一合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第二数量；所述第二合束件沿所述第一方向所包括的所述第二合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第一数量，所述第二合束件沿所述第三方向所包括的所述第二合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第二数量。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述光交换装置包括多个所述输入端口，所述多个输入端口和所述第一色散件之间还包括第二透镜组，所述第二透镜组包括奇数个透镜；所述第二透镜组用于将多路所述第一光束以不同的入射角度，入射至所述第一色散件的第一区域和第二区域处。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一区域和所述第二区域在所述第一色散件上重合。
可见，多路第一光束入射至第一色散件的同一位置处，能够保证第一色散件出射的多 路第一子波长光束，以垂直于所述第一交换引擎的方向入射至所述第一交换引擎，降低了多路第一子波长光束入射至第一交换引擎的带宽的劣化。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一色散件用于将不同的所述第一子波长光束以不同的出射角度出射。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一色散件和所述第一交换引擎之间还包括第三透镜组，所述第三透镜组包括奇数个透镜；所述第三透镜组用于将所述多路第一子波长光束以垂直于所述第一交换引擎的方向入射至所述第一交换引擎。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一交换引擎包括多个第一交换区域，从不同的所述第一交换区域出射的所述第一子波长光束入射不同的所述第一合束区域。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，同一所述第一交换区域接收到的多路所述第一子波长光束的波长均不相同。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，同一所述第一交换区域接收到的多路所述第一子波长光束的波长至少部分相同。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，输入端口和第一色散件之间包括准直透镜组，所述准直透镜组包括一个或多个准直透镜，输入端口位于准直透镜组的前焦点处，该准直透镜组用于对来自输入端口的第一光束进行准直。
可见，来自输入端口的第一光束在自由空间中传输，为避免第一光束在自由空间中传输的过程中过于发散而造成光功率衰减严重，则准直透镜组能够对来自输入端口的第一光束进行准直，有效地减少了第一光束的光功率的衰减。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，第一光束所包括的子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎上的情况下，该第一交换引擎同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎上的情况下，该第二交换引擎沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
该子波长光束λM为任一输出端口所获取的任一第一光束，所包括的任一子波长光束。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，第一光束所包括的子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎上的情况下，该第一交换引擎同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎上的情况下，该第二交换引擎沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，第一光束所包括的在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎上的情况下，该第一交换引擎同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎上的情况下，该第二交换引擎同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，第一光束所包括的子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎上的情况下，该第一交换引擎沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎上的情况下，该第二交换引擎同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，第一光束所包括的子波长光束λM入射至第 一交换引擎上的情况下，该第一交换引擎沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎上的情况下，该第二交换引擎沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，第一光束所包括的子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎上的情况下，该第一交换引擎沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波光束λM入射至第二交换引擎上的情况下，该第二交换引擎沿端口平面XY和波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，第一光束所包括的子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎上的情况下，该第一交换引擎沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波光束λM入射至第二交换引擎上的情况下，该第二交换引擎沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一交换引擎和所述第一合束件之间包括第四透镜组，所述第四透镜组包括奇数个透镜。所述第四透镜组用于将由不同的第一交换区域出射的第一子光波长光束传输至所述第一合束件所包括的不同的所述第一合束区域上，且用于将来自同一第一交换区域出射的所述第一子波长光束会聚至第一合束区域上。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第二色散件和所述第二交换引擎之间还设置第五透镜组，所述第五透镜组包括奇数个透镜。所述第五透镜组用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至第二交换引擎。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第二交换引擎和第二合束件之间包括第六透镜组，所述第六透镜组包括奇数个透镜。所述第六透镜组用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至第二合束件。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第二合束件和输出端口之间还可包括第七透镜组，所述第七透镜组包括奇数个透镜。所述第七透镜组用于将多路第三光束会聚至输出端口上，以将该第三光束从光交换装置中输出。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第二交换引擎包括多个第二交换区域，从不同的所述第二交换区域出射的所述第二子波长光束入射不同的所述第二合束区域。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，同一所述第二交换区域接收到的多路所述第二子波长光束的波长均不相同。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，同一所述第二交换区域接收到的多路所述第二子波长光束的波长至少部分相同。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，交换分离模块的透射区域呈透明结构，以保证光束能够经由透射区域的透射进行传输。
基于第一方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述交换分离模块的反射区域为交换分离模块的表面的反射膜，以保证光信号能够经由反射膜的反射进行传输。
本发明实施例第二方面提供了一种光交换的方法，应用于光交换装置，所述光交换装置包括输入端口，第一色散件，第一交换引擎，第一合束件，第一透镜组，第二色散件，第二合束件，第二交换引擎以及输出端口，所述方法包括：通过所述输入端口获取第一光 束；通过所述第一色散件接收来自所述输入端口的所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束分解成多路第一子波长光束，并将所述多路第一子波长光束入射至所述第一交换引擎；通过所述第一交换引擎改变所述第一子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第一合束件所包括的多个第一合束区域上；通过所述第一合束区域对已接收的所述第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束，并将多路所述第二光束入射至所述第一透镜组；通过所述第一透镜组将多路所述第二光束汇聚至所述第二色散件，所述第一透镜组包括奇数个透镜；通过所述第二色散件将每路所述第二光束分解成多路第二子波长光束，并将所述多路第二子波长光束入射至所述第二交换引擎；通过所述第二交换引擎改变所述第二子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第二合束件所包括的多个第二合束区域上，其中，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎共同沿波长平面和端口平面改变子波长光束的传输方向，所述波长平面和所述端口平面相互垂直，且所述波长平面和所述端口平面均与所述第一光束的传输方向平行；通过所述第二合束区域对已接收的所述第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束，并将所述第三光束传输至所述输出端口。
本方面所示的有益效果的说明，请详见第一方面所示，不做赘述。
基于第二方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一色散件、所述第二色散件、所述第一合束件和所述第二合束件为同一光栅，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎为同一交换引擎，所述光交换装置还包括交换分离模块，所述通过所述输入端口获取第一光束之后，所述方法还包括：通过所述交换分离模块的第一透射区域接收所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；通过所述交换分离模块的反射区域接收所述第二光束，并将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第一透镜组；通过所述交换分离模块的第二透射区域接收所述第三光束，并将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
基于第二方面，一种可选地实现方式中，所述第一色散件和所述第一合束件为同一第一光栅，所述第二色散件和所述第二合束件同一第二光栅，所述光交换装置还包括第一交换分离模块和第二交换分离模块，所述通过所述输入端口获取第一光束之后，所述方法还包括：通过所述第一交换分离模块的透射区域接收所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；通过所述第一交换分离模块的反射区域接收所述第二光束，并将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二交换分离模块；通过所述第二交换分离模块的反射区域接收所述第二光束，并将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二色散件；通过所述第二交换分离模块的透射区域接收所述第三光束，并将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
本发明第三方面提供了一种光交换节点，包括多个光交换装置，不同的所述光交换装置之间通过光纤连接，所述光交换装置如上述第一方面所示，不做赘述。
本发明第四方面提供了一种光通信系统，包括多个光交换节点，所述光交换节点如上述第二方面所示。
附图说明
图1a为本申请所提供的光交换节点的一种结构示例图；
图1b为本申请所提供的光交换节点的另一种结构示例图；
图2a为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿波长平面的第一种实施例结构示例图；
图2b为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿端口平面的第一种实施例结构示例图；
图3a为本申请所提供的第一色散件对第一光束进行分解的示例图；
图3b为本申请所提供的第一色散件一种实施例结构示例图；
图4为本申请所提供的输入端口阵列和输出端口阵列的一种实施例结构示例图；
图5为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿波长平面的一种实施例部分结构示例图；
图6为本申请所提供的第一交换引擎的一种实施例结构示例图；
图7为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿波长平面的第二种实施例结构示例图；
图8为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿端口平面的第二种实施例结构示例图；
图9为本申请所提供的交换分离模块的一种实施例结构示例图；
图10为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿波长平面的第三种实施例结构示例图；
图11为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿端口平面的第三种实施例结构示例图；
图12为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿波长平面的第四种实施例结构示例图；
图13为本申请所提供的光交换的方法的第一种实施例步骤流程图；
图14为本申请所提供的光交换的方法的第二种实施例步骤流程图；
图15为本申请所提供的光交换的方法的第三种实施例步骤流程图；
图16为本申请所提供的光通信系统的一种实施例结构示例图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请提供了一种光交换节点，该光交换节点为ROADM或数据中心网络内部的光交换节点，本实施例以光交换节点为ROADM为例进行示例性说明。在其他示例中，该光交换节点还可称之为波长交叉连接器(wavelength crossconnect，WXC)、光交叉连接器(optical crossconnect，0XC)、光交换节点、或波长交换节点等，本申请实施例对此不做具体限制。以下结合图1a所示对本申请所提供的ROADM的结构进行说明，其中，图1a为本申请所提供的光交换节点的一种结构示例图。
图1a所示以ROADM包括输入侧的四个WSS(即WSS110、WSS111、WSS112以及WSS113)，还包括输出侧的四个WSS(即WSS210、WSS211、WSS212以及WSS213)。输入侧的每个WSS为1*4(即一个输入端口，四个输出端口)的WSS，输出侧的每个WSS为4*1(即四个输入端口，一个输出端口)的WSS。输入侧的每个WSS的输出端口，与输出侧的每个WSS的输入端口连接。
本实施例所示的八个WSS位于不同的位置，本实施例对ROADM所包括的WSS的数量以及各WSS所位于的位置不做限定。位于不同位置处的WSS之间用于进行光信号的传输方向的交换，以实现对光信号的灵活调度。
以WSS110为例，WSS110可将光信号传播至该输出侧所包括的任一与WSS110通过光纤连接的WSS，以实现光信号的不同方向的交换，例如，本实施例所示的ROADM中，与该WSS110通过光纤连接有WSS210、WSS211、WSS212以及WSS213，WSS110可将光信号传播至WSS210、WSS211、WSS212以及WSS213中的任一个WSS。
图1a所示的输入侧的多个输入端口可沿一维方向排列，或多个输入端口可沿二维方向进行排列。本实施例所示的输出侧的多个输出端口可沿一维方向进行排列，或多个输出端口可沿二维方向进行排列。
本实施例以ROADM包括多个WSS为例，可选地，该ROADM的结构也可参见图1b所示，其中，图1b为本申请所提供的光交换节点的另一种结构示例图。
该ROADM可以包括一个WSS200，本实施例以WSS200包括多个输入端口和多个输出端口为例，且本实施例对输入端口的数量以及输出端口的数量不做限定。例如，图1b所示，WSS200包括4个输入端口以及4个输出端口。该WSS2200所包括的多个输入端口可沿一维方向排列，或多个输入端口可沿二维方向进行排列。多个输出端口可沿一维方向进行排列，或多个输出端口可沿二维方向进行排列。
以下结合不同的实施例，对本申请所提供的光交换装置的结构进行说明：
实施例一
以下结合图2a和图2b所示对本申请所提供的光交换装置的具体结构进行说明，本实施例以光交换装置为图1a或图1b所示的任一WSS为例。例如，本实施例所示的WSS为图1b所示的WSS200。其中，图2a为该光交换装置沿波长平面的结构示意图，图2b为该光交换装置沿端口平面的结构示意图。
首先，对本实施例所示的波长平面和端口平面的具体位置进行说明：
本实施例所示的波长平面ZY和端口平面XY为相互垂直的平面，其中，所述波长平面ZY为同时沿第二方向Y和第三方向Z的平面，端口平面XY为同时沿第一方向X和第二方向Y的平面，且第一方向X、第二方向Y以及第三方向Z均为相互垂直的方向。经由本实施例所示的光交换装置的输入端口所获取的第一光束的传输方向为上述所示的第二方向Y。其中，本实施例所示的第三方向Z还可称之为波长方向或者色散方向，第一方向X还可称之为交换方向或者端口方向。
以下结合本实施例所示的光交换装置的器件对上述的各方向进行定义：
本实施例所示的光交换装置包括输入端口阵列400，第一色散件402，第一交换引擎404，第一合束件406，第一透镜组408，第二色散件409，第二合束件483，第二交换引擎481以及输出端口阵列600。
定义1
以第一色散件402为参照，结合图3a所示，该第一色散件402用于接收来自输入端口的第一光束301。该第一色散件402用于将第一光束301进行分解以形成多个具有不同波长的第一子波长光束，如形成具有波长λ 1的第一子波长光束，具有波长λ 2的第一子波长光束，依次类推，形成具有波长λ N的第一子波长光束。本示例对N的具体取值不做限定，只 要λ 1、λ 2至λ N互不相同即可。该第一色散件402能够使得具有波长λ 1的第一子波长光束，具有波长λ 2的第一子波长光束以及具有波长λ N的第一子波长光束分别以不同的出射角度从该第一色散件402出射以进行传输。其中，该第一方向X为出射的第一子波长光束散开的方向，亦即该第一色散件402使得多个第一子波长光束获取角色散的方向。第一光束301的传播方向为图3a所示的方向Y，而第三方向Z为与第一方向X和第一光束301的传播方向Y均垂直的方向。
定义2
继续以第一色散件402为参照，结合图3b所示，本示例以第一色散件402为体光栅为例进行示例性说明：在本示例中，该第三方向Z为与光栅刻线303相互平行的方向，而第一方向X为与光栅刻线303相垂直的方向，可见，第三方向Z与第一方向X相垂直。
定义3
本定义以第一交换引擎404为参照，可选地，若该第一交换引擎404为硅基液晶(liquid crystal on silicon，LCOS)芯片，则该第三方向Z为该第一交换引擎404加载相位光栅获取衍射光的方向。还可选地，若该第一交换引擎404为液晶(liquid crystal)阵列芯片或者微机电系统(micro electro mechanical system，MEMS)，则该第三方向Z为偏转光束的传播方向。
以下对本实施例所示的光交换装置所包括的光器件进行逐一的说明：
本实施例所示的光交换装置包括输入端口阵列，本实施例所示的输入端口阵列所包括的多个输入端口可沿N行M列进行排列，其中，N和M的取值均为大于或等于1的正整数。本实施例所示的输入端口阵列的结构可参见图4所示，图4所示的输入端口阵列400包括呈两行两列的方式排列的四个输入端口，如输入端口611、输入端口612、输入端口613以及输入端口614。需明确地是，本实施例对多个输入端口在传输平面XZ内的排列形式不做限定。例如多个输入端口也可在传输平面XZ内随机排列，或整体排列而成圆形、椭圆形等形式排列。其中，传输平面XZ为同时沿第一方向X和第三方向Z的平面，且传输平面XZ分别与波长平面ZY和端口平面XY垂直。
本实施例所示的输入端口可为与光交换装置连接的输入光纤的端口，输入光纤通过该输入端口将第一光束传输至光交换装置中，以进行传输方向的交换。需明确的是，本实施例所示以输入端口阵列由多个输入光纤的输入端口构成为例进行示例性说明，在其他示例中，该输入端口阵列也可为平面光波导(planar lightwave circuit，PLC)，输入端口可为PLC的光波导的端口。
本实施例所示的输入端口用于获取第一光束，并将该第一光束传输至光交换装置。以下对本实施例所示的输入端口获取第一光束的过程进行可选地说明：例如，本实施例所示的光交换装置为图1b所示的WSS200，输入光纤与激光器连接，该输入光纤接收来自激光器的第一光束，输入光纤通过该输入端口将该第一光束向光交换装置传输。又如，该光交换装置通过输入光纤接收来自上一个光交换节点的第一光束，该输入光纤通过该输入端口将该第一光束向光交换装置传输。本实施例对该第一光束的来源不做限定，只要该输入端口能够将该第一光束传输至光交换装置，以进行传输方向的交换即可。
其中，经由输入端口输入的第一光束可以是包含单一波长的光束(即单色光)，也可以是包括多个波长的光束(就彩色光或复色光)，具体在本实施例中不做限定。本实施例以每个输入端口所获取的第一光束为包括多个波长的光束为例进行示例性说明。例如图3a所示的示例，第一光束包括N个波长，即λ 1、λ 2至λ N，本实施例对N的取值不做限定。
继续参见图2a和图2b所示，本实施例所示的光交换装置包括第一色散件402，本实施例所示的第一色散件402为光栅。经由输入端口输入的一路或多路第一光束入射至所述第一色散件402，所述第一色散件402用于对每路所述第一光束进行分解以形成多路第一子波长光束。
本实施例对第一光束的数量不做限定，例如，继续如图4所示，若输入端口阵列包括四个输入端口，则本实施例所示的第一光束的路数为四路。其中，结合图4和图2a所示，沿波长平面ZY，来自输入端口611和来自输入端口614的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态，可知，在图2a中，来自输入端口611和来自输入端口614的第一光束的传输方向处于重合的状态。同样地，来自输入端口612和来自输入端口613的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态，可知，在图2a中，来自输入端口612和来自输入端口613的第一光束的传输方向处于重合的状态。而来自输入端口611和来自输入端口612的第一光束的传输方向处于分离的状态。
继续结合图4和图2b所示，来自输入端口611的第一光束和来自输入端口612的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态，可知，在图2b中，来自输入端口611的第一光束和来自输入端口612的第一光束处于重合的状态。同样地，来自输入端口614的第一光束和来自输入端口613的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态，可知，来自输入端口614的第一光束和来自输入端口613的第一光束的传输方向处于重合的状态。而来自输入端口611的第一光束和来自输入端口614的第一光束的传输方向处于分离的状态。
本实施例以一路第一光束为例进行示例性说明，该第一光束为图2a和图2b所示的第一光束411为例，该第一光束411可为输入端口阵列所包括的任一输入端口所输入的第一光束。光交换装置对其他第一光束的传输方向的偏转的过程的说明，均请参见对该第一光束411的偏转的说明，具体不做赘述。
图2a所示的示例以第一色散件402对第一光束411进行分解以出射第一子波长光束412和第一子波长光束413为例进行示例性说明。图2a所示沿波长平面ZY，第一子波长光束412以及第一子波长光束413通过不同的出射角度从第一色散件402出射。可见，沿波长平面ZY，第一子波长光束412以及第一子波长光束413的传输方向处于分离的状态。
可选地，如图2b所示，沿端口平面XY，第一子波长光束412和第一子波长光束413基于相同的第一出射角度从第一色散件402出射，可见，沿端口平面XY，第一子波长光束412和第一子波长光束413的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态。
可选地，本实施例所示的输入端口和第一色散件402之间包括准直透镜组，该准直透镜组包括一个或多个准直透镜。本实施例所示的各输入端口位于准直透镜组的前焦点处。该准直透镜组用于对来自输入端口的第一光束411进行准直。具体地，来自输入端口的第一光束在自由空间中传输，为避免第一光束在自由空间中传输的过程中过于发散而造成光 功率衰减严重，则本实施例所示的准直透镜组能够对来自输入端口的第一光束进行准直，有效地减少了第一光束的光功率的衰减。
本实施例所示沿第二方向Y，所述光交换装置还包括位于所述输入端口阵列和所述第一色散件402之间的第二透镜组403，所述第二透镜组403包括奇数个透镜。所述第二透镜组403用于将多路所述第一光束411以不同的入射角度，入射至所述第一色散件402。
若本实施例所示的光交换装置包括准直透镜组，该第二透镜组403位于准直透镜组和第一色散件402之间，所述第一色散件402位于该第二透镜组403的等效后焦点处，第一色散件402和该第二透镜组403之间的距离等于该第二透镜组403的等效焦距。
本实施例所示的第二透镜组403包括奇数个透镜，本实施例所示的各路第一光束经由第二透镜组403所包括的奇数个透镜的偶数个焦距的变换，以不同的入射角度，会聚至第一色散件402。例如，图5所示，第二透镜组403包括三个透镜，即沿第二方向Y，所述第二透镜组403包括依次排列的透镜501、透镜502以及透镜503，其中，透镜501的后焦点与透镜502的前焦点重合，透镜502的后焦点与透镜503的前焦点重合，第一色散件402位于透镜503的后焦点处。
可见，图5所示的示例，多路第一光束401经由第二透镜组403所包括的三个透镜的六个焦距的变换，以不同的入射角度，会聚至第一色散件402。该第一色散件402分别对各路第一光束进行分解分离以出射第一子波长光束。
可选地，本实施例所示的所述第二透镜组403满足曲率条件，在第二透镜组403满足该曲率条件的情况下，有效地保证了第二透镜组403沿所述波长平面和所述端口平面均具有对第一光束的会聚功能。其中，该曲率条件为所述第二透镜组403包括至少一个透镜沿所述波长平面具有曲率，所述第二透镜组403还包括至少一个透镜沿所述端口平面具有曲率。
例如，第二透镜组403包括一个或多个透镜仅沿所述波长平面具有曲率，还包括一个或多个透镜仅沿端口平面具有曲率。又如，第二透镜组403包括一个或多个透镜沿所述波长平面和所述端口平面均具有曲率。本实施例对曲率的大小不做限定，只要透镜具有曲率的情况下，能够具有会聚功能即可。
具体地，继续以图2a以及图2b所示为例，以光交换装置经由第二透镜组403会聚后的第一光束411入射至第一色散件402的第一区域，经由第二透镜组403会聚后的第一光束512入射至第一色散件402的第二区域，其中，第一光束411和第一光束512为由不同的两个输入端口所获取的两路不同的第一光束。该第一区域和第二区域在传输平面XZ内完全重合或部分重合，本实施例以第一区域和第二区域在传输平面XZ内完全重合为例。
该光交换装置还包括第一交换引擎404，所述第一交换引擎404用于接收来自第一色散件402的多路第一子波长光束，并对多路第一子波长光束的传输方向进行改变。
以下说明来自第一色散件402的多路第一子波长光束传输至第一交换引擎404的方式进行说明：
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括位于第一色散件402和第一交换引擎404之间的第三透镜组405，所述第三透镜组405包括奇数个透镜。所述第三透镜组405用于将所述多 路第一子波长光束，在波长平面ZY以及在端口平面XY内，多路第一子波长光束以相互平行的方向，垂直于所述第一交换引擎404的方向入射至所述第一交换引擎404。
其中，所述第一色散件402位于该第三透镜组405的等效前焦点的位置处，所述第一交换引擎404位于该第三透镜组405的等效后焦点的位置处。所述第一色散件402和该第三透镜组405之间的距离，以及所述第一交换引擎404和该第三透镜组405之间的距离，均等于所述第三透镜组405的等效焦距。
本实施例所示的第三透镜组405包括奇数个透镜，即本实施例所示的各路第一子波长光束经由第三透镜组405所包括的奇数个透镜的偶数个焦距的变换，以垂直于第一交换引擎404的方向入射第一交换引擎404。
可选地，本实施例所示的第三透镜组405满足曲率条件，对曲率条件的说明，请参见第二透镜组403满足曲率条件的说明，具体不做赘述。
在本实施例所示的多路第一光束入射至第一色散件402的同一位置处，能够保证第一色散件402出射的多路第一子波长光束，以垂直于所述第一交换引擎404的方向入射至所述第一交换引擎404，降低了多路第一子波长光束入射至第一交换引擎404的带宽的劣化。
本实施例以第一交换引擎404为LCOS芯片为例进行示例性说明，经由输入端口获取的各路第一光束，经由第一色散件402色散所形成的多路第一子波长光束能够在第一交换引擎404上产生多个光斑。
本实施例所示的多路第一子波长光束在第一交换引擎404所产生的光斑的排列方式可参见图6所示，如第一交换引擎具有多个第一交换区域601，从不同的第一交换区域601出射的第一子波长光束能够入射至第一合束件406的不同位置处。
本实施例所示的第一交换引擎404所包括的第一交换区域在排列方式与光交换装置所包括的输出端口的排列方式需满足第一排列条件，以保证经由第一交换引擎404改变了传输方向的第一子波长光束，能够经由输出端口输出。
其中，本实施例所示的第一排列条件为，沿所述第一方向X，所述第一交换区域601的数量小于或等于第一数量，且沿第三方向Z，所述第一交换区域601的数量小于或等于第二数量。其中，所述第一数量为沿第一方向X，输出端口阵列所包括的输出端口的数量。所述第二数量为沿第三方向Z，所述输出端口阵列所包括的输出端口的数量。例如，若多个第一交换区域601在第一交换引擎404上呈四行五列的方式进行排列，多个输出端口在输出端口阵列上也呈四行五列的方式进行排列。
例如，第一交换引擎404所包括的同一第一交换区域601接收到的多路第一子波长光束的波长均不相同。可知，位于同一第一交换区域601内的各个光斑的颜色均不相同。如本实施例所示的第一交换区域601接收M路第一子波长光束，且M路第一子波长光束的波长互不相同，如λ1、λ2至λM。
又如，第一交换引擎404所包括的同一第一交换区域601接收到的多路第一子波长光束的波长均相同。可知，位于同一第一交换区域601内的各个光斑的颜色均相同。如本实施例所示的第一交换区域601也接收M路第一子波长光束，且M路第一子波长光束的波长均为λM。
又如，第一交换引擎404所包括的同一第一交换区域601接收到的多路第一子波长光束一部分波长相同，另一部分波长不相同。可知，位于同一第一交换区域内的光斑，一部分光斑的颜色相同，另一部光斑的颜色不同。
本实施例所示的第一交换引擎404用于沿波长平面ZY和/或端口平面XY，改变第一子波长光束的传输方向，以保证不同的第一交换区域601能够入射至第一合束件406所包括的不同的第一合束区域上即可。由图2a和图2b所示可知，本实施例以第一交换引擎404能够同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY，改变第一子波长光束的传输方向为例进行示例性说明。
本实施例所示的第一交换引擎404和第一合束件406之间包括第四透镜组407，所述第四透镜组407包括奇数个透镜。所述第四透镜组407用于将由不同的第一交换区域出射的第一子光波长光束传输至所述第一合束件406所包括的不同的所述第一合束区域上，且用于将来自同一第一交换区域出射的所述第一子波长光束会聚至第一合束区域上。
其中，所述第一交换引擎404位于该第四透镜组407的等效前焦点的位置处，所述第一合束件406位于该第四透镜组407的等效后焦点的位置处。所述第一交换引擎404和该第四透镜组407之间的距离，以及所述第一合束件406和该第四透镜组407之间的距离，均等于所述第四透镜组407的等效焦距。
本实施例所示的第四透镜组407包括奇数个透镜，即本实施例所示的从同一第一交换区域出射的多路第一子波长光束，经由第四透镜组407所包括的奇数个透镜的偶数个焦距的变换，以会聚至对应的第一合束区域上。
可选地，本实施例所示的第四透镜组407满足曲率条件，对曲率条件的说明，请参见第二透镜组403满足曲率条件的说明，具体不做赘述。
该第一合束区域在接收到来自第四透镜组407的多路第一子波长光束的情况下，该第一合束区域用于对该多路第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束。可知，本实施例所示的第一合束件406出射的第二光束的路数，等于第一合束件406所包括的第一合束区域的数量。例如图2a所示，例如，第一合束件406的一个第一合束区域所出射的第二光束为第二光束421和第二光束422。
本实施例所示的第一合束件406所包括的第一合束区域在排列方式与光交换装置所包括的输出端口的排列方式需满足第二排列条件，以保证经由第一合束件406合束后所出射的多路第二光束，能够经由输出端口输出。
其中，本实施例所示的第二排列条件为，沿所述第一方向X，所述第一合束区域的数量小于或等于第一数量，且沿第三方向Z，所述第一合束区域的数量小于或等于第二数量。其中，对第一数量和第二数量的说明，请参见上述所示对第一排列条件的说明，具体不做赘述。例如，若多个第一合束区域在第一合束件406上呈四行五列的方式进行排列，多个输出端口在输出端口阵列上也呈四行五列的方式进行排列。
所述第一合束件406用于将多路所述第二光束入射至第一透镜组408，所述第一透镜组408包括奇数个透镜。所述第一透镜组408用于将多路第二光束会聚至第二色散件409。其中，所述第一合束件406位于该第一透镜组408的等效前焦点的位置处，所述第二色散 件409位于该第一透镜组408的等效后焦点的位置处。所述第一合束件406和该第一透镜组408之间的距离，以及所述第二色散件409和该第一透镜组408之间的距离，均等于所述第一透镜组408的等效焦距。
本实施例所示的第一透镜组408包括奇数个透镜，即本实施例所示的各路第二光束经由第一透镜组408所包括的奇数个透镜的偶数个焦距的变换，以会聚至第二色散件409上。
可选地，本实施例所示的第一透镜组408满足曲率条件，对曲率条件的说明，请参见第二透镜组403满足曲率条件的说明，具体不做赘述。
所述第二色散件409用于对每路第二光束进行分解以出射多路第二子波长光束。例如，如图2a所示，在波长平面ZY内，所述第二色散件409对第二光束421进行分解以获取第二子波长光束441以及第二子波长光束442，且所述第二色散件409在波长平面ZY内沿不同的出射角度出射第二子波长光束441以及第二子波长光束442。可知，在波长平面ZY内，所述第二子波长光束441以及第二子波长光束442的传输方向分离的状态。
如图2b所示，在端口平面XY内，所述第二色散件409对第二光束421进行分解以获取第二子波长光束441以及第二子波长光束442，且所述第二色散件409在端口平面XY内沿相同的出射角度出射第二子波长光束441以及第二子波长光束442。可知，在端口平面XY内，所述第二子波长光束441以及第二子波长光束442的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态。
同样地，如图2a所示，在波长平面ZY内，所述第二色散件409对第二光束422进行分解以获取第二子波长光束443以及第二子波长光束444，且所述第二色散件409在波长平面ZY内沿不同的出射角度出射第二子波长光束443以及第二子波长光束444。可知，在波长平面ZY内，第二子波长光束443以及第二子波长光束444的传输方向分离的状态。
如图2b所示，在端口平面XY内，所述第二色散件409对第二光束422进行分解以获取第二子波长光束443以及第二子波长光束444，且所述第二色散件409在端口平面XY内沿相同的出射角度出射第二子波长光束443以及第二子波长光束444。可知，在端口平面内，所述第二子波长光束443以及第二子波长光束444的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态。
本实施例以第二交换引擎481为LCOS芯片为例进行示例性说明，来自第二色散件409的多路第二子波长光束能够在第二交换引擎481上产生多个光斑，对第二子波长光束在第二交换引擎481上所产生的光斑的说明，请参见上述对第一子波长光束在第一交换引擎上产生光斑的说明，具体不做赘述。
可知，本实施例所示的第二交换引擎481具有多个第二交换区域，从不同的第二交换区域出射的第二子波长光束能够入射至第二合束件483的不同位置处。对第二交换区域的具体说明，请参见上述所示的对第一交换区域的说明，具体不做赘述。如第二交换引擎481具有多个第二交换区域，从不同的第二交换区域出射的第二子波长光束能够入射至第二合束件483的不同位置处。
本实施例所示的第二交换引擎481所包括的第二交换区域在排列方式与光交换装置所包括的输出端口的排列方式需满足第三排列条件，以保证经由第二交换引擎481改变了传输方向的第二子波长光束，能够经由输出端口输出。本实施例所示的第三排列条件为，沿 所述第一方向X，所述第二交换区域的数量小于或等于第一数量，且沿第三方向Z，所述第二交换区域的数量小于或等于第二数量。其中，所述第一数量和所述第二数量的数量，请参见上述对第一排列条件的说明，具体不做赘述。例如，若多个第二交换区域在第一交换引擎上呈四行五列的方式进行排列，多个输出端口在输出端口阵列上也呈四行五列的方式进行排列。
本实施例所示的各第二交换区域接收到的多路第二子波长光束的波长均不相同，或，全部相同，或部分相同，具体说明，请参见上述对第一交换区域所接收到的多路第二子波长光束的波长的说明，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的第二交换引擎481用于沿波长平面ZY和/或端口平面XY，改变第一子波长光束的传输方向。本实施例中，光交换装置通过所包括的第一交换引擎404和第二交换引擎481实现对光束传输方向的交换，为此，请继续参见图4所示，其中，图4为本申请所提供的输入端口阵列和输出端口阵列的一种实施例结构示例图。
图4所示的输入端口阵列400所包括的输入端口所获取的第一光束经由光交换装置的交换后，从输出端口阵列600输出。本实施例所示的输出端口阵列600包括多个输出端口，如输出端口621、622、623以及624，对多个输出端口的排列的说明，请详见上述所示对多个输入端口的排列的说明，具体不做赘述。本实施例以输入端口阵列400所包括的多个输入端口和输出端口阵列600所包括的多个输出端口的排列方式相同为例进行示例性说明，在其他示例中，输入端口阵列400所包括的多个输入端口和输出端口阵列600所包括的多个输出端口的排列方式也可不同，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
以输入端口611所获取的第一光束的一个子波长光束λM为例，若需要将该子波长光束λM经由输出端口阵列的输出端口624进行输出，为此，此示例下的输出端口624相对于输出端口611，需要沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY，均进行了传输方向的偏转，才能保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输入端口611输入，再经由输出端口624输出。
为此，本实施例所示为实现对子波长光束λM，沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY的传输方向的偏转，例如，光交换装置所包括的第一交换引擎和第二交换引擎中，一个交换引擎能够同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，另一个交换引擎可沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY中的至少一个平面改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。本示例可具体参加下述所示的方式1、方式2、方式3、方式4、以及方式6所示。
又如，光交换装置所包括的第一交换引擎和第二交换引擎中，不同的交换引擎沿不同的平面改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。本示例可具体参见下述所示的方式5以及方式7所示。
方式1
在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎404上的情况下，该第一交换引擎404同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎481上的情况下，该第二交换引擎481沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
可见，通过第一交换引擎404和第二交换引擎481，均沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束 λM的传输方向，通过第一交换引擎404沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，以保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输出端口624输出。
方式2
在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎404上的情况下，该第一交换引擎404同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎481上的情况下，该第二交换引擎481沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
可见，通过第一交换引擎404和第二交换引擎481，均沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，仅通过第一交换引擎404沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，以保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输出端口624输出。
方式3
在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎404上的情况下，该第一交换引擎404同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎481上的情况下，该第二交换引擎481同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
可见，通过第一交换引擎404和第二交换引擎481，均沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，还能够通过第一交换引擎404和第二交换引擎481，均沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，以保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输出端口624输出。
方式4
在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎404上的情况下，该第一交换引擎404沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎481上的情况下，该第二交换引擎481同时沿波长平面ZY和端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
可见，通过第一交换引擎404和第二交换引擎481，均沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，通过第二交换引擎481沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，以保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输出端口624输出。
方式5
在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎404上的情况下，该第一交换引擎404沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎481上的情况下，该第二交换引擎481沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
可见，通过第一交换引擎404，沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，通过第二交换引擎481沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，以保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输出端口624输出。
方式6
在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎404上的情况下，该第一交换引擎404沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光信号λM入射至第二交换引擎481上的情况下，该第二交换引擎481沿端口平面XY和波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输 方向。
可见，通过第一交换引擎404，沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，通过第二交换引擎481沿端口平面XY和波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，以保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输出端口624输出。
方式7
在子波长光束λM入射至第一交换引擎404上的情况下，该第一交换引擎404沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。在子波长光束λM入射至第二交换引擎481上的情况下，该第二交换引擎481沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向。
可见，通过第一交换引擎404，沿端口平面XY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，通过第二交换引擎481沿波长平面ZY改变子波长光束λM的传输方向，以保证该子波长光束λM能够经由输出端口624输出。
本实施例与任一第一光束的任一子波长光束λM为例进行示例性说明，对光交换装置如何对输入端口所获取的任一第一光束所包括的任一子波长光束进行交换以传输至任一输出端口的过程，不做赘述。需明确的是，上述以光交换装置对子波长光束λM即需要沿端口平面XY改变传输方向，还需要沿波长平面ZY改变传输方向为例，在其他示例中，光交换装置也可对子波长光束λM仅沿端口平面XY改变传输方向，又如，光交换装置也可对子波长光束λM仅沿波长平面ZY改变传输方向。
以下对第二色散件409出射的第二子波长光束如何传输至第二交换引擎481的过程进行说明：
本实施例所示的第二色散件409和第二交换引擎481之间还设置第五透镜组482，所述第五透镜组482包括奇数个透镜。所述第五透镜组482用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至第二交换引擎481。其中，所述第二色散件409位于第五透镜组482的等效前焦点的位置处，所述第二交换引擎481位于该第五透镜组482的等效后焦点的位置处。所述第二色散件409和该第五透镜组482之间的距离，以及所述第二交换引擎481和该第五透镜组482之间的距离，均等于所述第五透镜组482的等效焦距。
本实施例所示的第五透镜组482包括奇数个透镜，即本实施例所示的各路第二子波长光束经由第五透镜组482所包括的奇数个透镜的偶数个焦距的变换，以会聚至第二交换引擎481上。
可选地，本实施例所示的第五透镜组482满足曲率条件，对曲率条件的说明，请参见第二透镜组403满足曲率条件的说明，具体不做赘述。
该第二交换引擎481对第二子波长光束的传输方向进行改变后，以垂直于第二交换引擎481的方向，从第二交换引擎481出射。其中，控制第二子波长光束以垂直于第二交换引擎481的角度出射，能够有效地保证第二子波长光束耦合至输出端口的耦合效率，降低第二子波长光束从输出端口输出的过程中的光功率的损耗。需明确地是，本实施例以第二子波长光束以垂直于第二交换引擎481的角度出射为例进行示例性说明，在其他示例中，该第二子波长光束以可以任意角度从第二交换引擎481出射。
本实施例所示的所述第二交换引擎481和第二合束件483之间包括第六透镜组484， 所述第六透镜组484包括奇数个透镜。所述第六透镜组484用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至第二合束件483。其中，所述第二交换引擎481位于第六透镜组484的等效前焦点的位置处，所述第二合束件483位于该第六透镜组484的等效后焦点的位置处。所述第二交换引擎481和该第六透镜组484之间的距离，以及所述第二合束件483和该第六透镜组484之间的距离，均等于所述第六透镜组484的等效焦距。
本实施例所示的第六透镜组484包括奇数个透镜，即本实施例所示的各路第二子波长光束经由第六透镜组484所包括的奇数个透镜的偶数个焦距的变换，以会聚至第二合束件483上。
可选地，本实施例所示的第六透镜组484满足曲率条件，对曲率条件的说明，请参见第二透镜组403满足曲率条件的说明，具体不做赘述。
所述第二合束件483的第二合束区域在接收到来自第六透镜组484的多路第二子波长光束的情况下，该第二合束区域用于对该多路第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束。可知，本实施例所示的第二合束件483出射的第三光束的路数，等于第二合束件483所包括的第二合束区域的数量。本实施例所示的第二合束件483所包括的第二合束区域在排列方式与光交换装置所包括的输出端口的排列方式需满足第四排列条件，以保证经由第二合束件483合束后所出射的多路第三光束，能够经由输出端口输出。
其中，本实施例所示的第四排列条件为，沿所述第一方向X，所述第二合束区域的数量小于或等于第一数量，且沿第三方向Z，所述第二合束区域的数量小于或等于第二数量。其中，对第一数量和第二数量的说明，请参见上述所示对第一排列条件的说明，具体不做赘述。例如，若多个第二合束区域在第二合束件483上呈四行五列的方式进行排列，多个输出端口在输出端口阵列上也呈四行五列的方式进行排列。
第二合束件483用于将合束后的多路第三光束输出至输出端口阵列600所包括的对应的输出端口。
本实施例所示的所述第二合束件483和输出端口阵列600之间还可包括第七透镜组485，所述第七透镜组485包括奇数个透镜。所述第七透镜组485用于将多路第三光束会聚至输出端口上，以将该第三光束从光交换装置中输出。其中，所述第二合束件483位于第七透镜组485的等效前焦点的位置处，所述输出端口位于该第七透镜组485的等效后焦点的位置处。所述第二合束件483和该输出端口之间的距离，以及所述输出端口和该第七透镜组485之间的距离，均等于所述第七透镜组485的等效焦距。
可选地，本实施例所示的第七透镜组485满足曲率条件，对曲率条件的说明，请参见第二透镜组403满足曲率条件的说明，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的第七透镜组485包括奇数个透镜，即本实施例所示的各路第三光束经由第七透镜组485所包括的奇数个透镜的偶数个焦距的变换，以会聚至对应的输出端口输出。例如，第二合束件483包括两行两列个第二合束区域，输出端口阵列600也包括两行两列个输出端口，则两行两列的第二合束区域输出的四路第三光束，经由第七透镜组485会聚至两行两列的共四个输出端口上，以保证输出端口能够成功地将第三光束从光交换装置中输出。
采用本实施例所示的光交换装置，能够沿端口平面XY以及沿波长平面ZY，改变输入端口所获取的第一光束的至少一路子波长光束的传输方向，能够实现沿端口平面XY以及沿波长平面ZY对传输方向的偏转。保证了本实施例所示的光交换装置能够实现将位于输入端口阵列任意位置处的输入端口所获取的子波长光束，交换至输出端口阵列所包括的任意位置处的输出端口，实现了对子波长光束沿任意方向的偏转，有效地避免了光交换装置所包括的输入端口和输出端口数量受限的弊端。因本实施例所示可对子波长光束多次改变传输方向，降低了改变子波长光束的传输方向的插损而且提高了对光束的传输方向进行交换的准确性。
实施例二
为实现对光交换装置进行光束传输方向偏转的过程中，能够提高光器件的利用率，降低光交换装置整体的体积，以及提高光交换装置的空间利用率，则本实施例所示的光交换装置的结构可参见图7和图8所示。其中，图7为该光交换装置沿波长平面的结构示意图，图8为该光交换装置沿端口平面的结构示意图。本实施例所示的波长平面和端口平面的说明，请详见实施例一所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置和实施例一所示的光交换装置的区别在于：本实施例所示的光交换装置所包括的一个光栅701，能够同时实现实施例一所示的第一色散件、第二色散件、第一合束件和第二合束件的功能。本实施例所示的光交换装置所包括的一个交换引擎702能够同时实现实施例一所示的第一交换引擎和第二交换引擎的功能。
以下对本实施例所示的光交换装置所包括的光器件进行逐一的说明：
本实施例所示的光交换装置包括输入端口阵列400，本实施例所示的输入端口阵列400的具体说明，请参见实施例一所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括交换分离模块700，所述交换分离模块700和输入端口阵列400之间还包括会聚透镜组801。本实施例所示的会聚透镜组801包括奇数个透镜，所述会聚透镜组801用于将所述多路第一光束，在波长平面ZY以及在端口平面XY内，会聚至交换分离模块700所包括的第一透射区域上。
如图9所示，其中，图9为本申请所提供的交换分离模块的一种实施例结构示例图。本实施例所示的交换分离模块700包括第一透射区域902。该交换分离模块700的第一透射区域902接收来自输入端口的第一光束，本实施例所示的第一透射区域902用于以透射的方式传输该第一光束，可见，在第一光束传输至第一透射区域902的情况下，该第一透射区域902能够以透射的方式传输该第一光束，以保证该第一光束能够传输至光栅701。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括透镜组802以及透镜组803，本实施例以透镜组802以及透镜组803形成如实施例一所示的第二透镜组为例进行示例性说明，对第二透镜组的具体说明，请详见实施例一所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。需明确地是，本实施例的输入端口阵列400和光栅701之间包括奇数个透镜以形成所述第二透镜组。
可知，本实施例所示的第二透镜组用于将第一光束会聚至光栅701，本实施例对第一光束的数量不做限定，例如，继续如图4所示，若输入端口阵列包括四个输入端口，则本 实施例所示的第一光束的路数为四路。其中，结合图4和图7所示，沿波长平面ZY，来自输入端口611和来自输入端口614的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态，来自输入端口612和来自输入端口613的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态。来自输入端口611的第一光束和来自输入端口612的第一光束的传输方向分离的状态。
结合图4和图8所示，沿端口平面XY，来自输入端口611的第一光束和来自输入端口612的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态。来自输入端口614的第一光束和来自输入端口613的第一光束的传输方向处于同方向的传输状态。而来自输入端口611的第一光束和来自输入端口614的第一光束的传输方向分离的状态。
以下结合图7、图8以及图10所示对输出端口阵列400所获取的第一光束在光交换装置内的传输过程进行说明，其中，图10所示为第一光束变换为第二光束的过程中的光路传输示意图。
本实施例以一路第一光束为例进行示例性说明，该第一光束为图7、图8以及图10所示的第一光束711，该第一光束711可为输入端口阵列所包括的任一输入端口所输入的第一光束，光交换装置对其他第一光束的传输方向的偏转的过程的说明，均请参见对该第一光束711的偏转的说明，具体不做赘述。
光栅701分别对各路第一光束进行分解以形成多路第一子波长光束，例如，光栅701对第一光束711进行分解以形成第一子波长光束721和第一子波长光束722，该第一子波长光束721和第一子波长光束722在波长平面ZY内的传输方向呈分离状态。该第一子波长光束721和第一子波长光束722在端口平面XY内的传输方向呈重合状态。对光栅701实现对第一光束进行分解以形成多路第一子波长光束的说明，请参见实施例一所示的对第一色散件402对第一光束进行分解以形成多路第一子波长光束的具体过程，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括位于光栅701和交换引擎702之间的透镜组704，本实施例所示的透镜组704的相关说明，可参见实施例一所示的第三透镜组405的说明，具体不做赘述。可见，本实施例所示的透镜组704用于将所述多路第一子波长光束(例如第一子波长光束721和第一子波长光束722)，在波长平面ZY以及在端口平面XY内，多路第一子波长光束以相互平行的方向，垂直于交换引擎702的方向入射至所述交换引擎702。
本实施例在交换引擎702接收到各路第一子波长光束(例如第一子波长光束721和第一子波长光束722)，可沿波长平面ZY和/或端口平面XY，改变第一子波长光束的传输方向，以保证交换引擎702的不同的第一交换区域能够入射至光栅701所包括的不同的第一合束区域上。对交换引擎702改变各路第一子波长光束传输方向的说明，请参见实施例一所示的第一交换引擎404改变各路第一子波长光束传输方向的说明，具体不做赘述。
从交换引擎702出射的各路第一子波长光束经由透镜组704传输至光栅701，该透镜组704的说明请参见实施例一所示的对第四透镜组407的说明，可知，本实施例所示的同一透镜组704能够实现实施例一所示的第三透镜组405和第四透镜组407的功能，本实施例所示的透镜组704能够将由交换引擎702的不同的第一交换区域出射的第一子光波长光束传输至所述光栅701所包括的不同的第一合束区域上，且用于将来自同一第一交换区域出射的所述第一子波长光束会聚至第一合束区域上。
对光栅701所包括的第一合束区域的说明，请参见实施例一所示的第一合束件406所包括的第一合束区域的说明，具体不做赘述。
该光栅701的第一合束区域在接收到来自透镜组704的多路第一子波长光束的情况下，该第一合束区域用于对该多路第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束。例如，本实施例以光栅701的第一合束区域出射的第二光束为第二光束731为例。
该光栅701用于将多路第二光束依次入射至透镜组803和透镜组802，其中，透镜组803和透镜组802形成实施例一所示的第一透镜组408，以使得透镜组803和透镜组802能够实现实施例一所示的第一透镜组408的功能，具体说明，请详见实施例一所示，具体不做赘述。可知，本实施例所示的透镜组803和透镜组802用于将各路第二光束会聚至所述交换分离模块700的反射区域901。其中，如图9所示，本实施例所示的交换分离模块700包括反射区域901，可知，交换分离模块700所包括的反射区域901和第一透射区域902位于不同位置处。该交换分离模块700的反射区域901用于接收第二光束，并用于以反射的方式传输该第二光束。可见，在第二光束传输至反射区域901的情况下，该反射区域901能够以反射的方式重新将该第二光束传输至光交换装置中，以保证该第二光束能够传输至光栅701。
第二光束在光交换装置中的传输方向可参见图7、图8和图11所示，其中，图11为本申请所提供的光交换装置沿端口平面的第三种实施例结构示例图。可知，经由反射区域901反射后的多路第二光束能够依次经由透镜组802和透镜组803会聚至光栅701，对透镜组802和透镜组803的作用的说明，请参见实施例一所示的第一透镜组408的说明，具体不做赘述。
光栅701接收到来自透镜组802和透镜组803的第二光束进行分解以出射多路第二子波长光束。例如，光栅701对第二光束741进行分解以形成第二子波长光束751和第二子波长光束752。对光栅701实现对第二光束进行分解以形成多路第二子波长光束的说明，请参见实施例一所示的对第二色散件409对第二光束进行分解以形成多路第二子波长光束的具体过程，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括位于光栅701和交换引擎702之间的透镜组704为实施例一所示的第五透镜组482的相关说明，具体不做赘述。可知，透镜组704用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至交换引擎702。交换引擎702接收到第二子波长光束后，可沿波长平面ZY和/或端口平面XY改变第二子波长光束的传输方向。且该交换引擎702对第二子波长光束的传输方向进行改变后，以垂直于交换引擎702的方向，从交换引擎702出射，具体说明，请参见实施例一所示的第二交换引擎481的说明，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的透镜组704还可参见的相关说明，可参见实施例一所示的第六透镜组484的相关说明，不做赘述，可知，本实施例所示的透镜组704用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至光栅701。光栅701的第二合束区域在接收到多路第二子波长光束的情况下，该第二合束区域用于对该多路第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束。可知，本实施例所示的光栅701出射的第三光束的路数，等于光栅701所包括的第二合束区域的数量。对光栅701进行合束以形成第三光束的说明，请参见实施例一中第二合束件483的说明，具体 不做赘述。例如，该第三光束可为图11所示第三光束761。
该透镜组803和透镜组802形成实施例一所示的第七透镜组485，用于将第三光束706会聚至交换分离模块700所包括的第二透射区域上。如图9所示，本实施例所示的交换分离模块700包括第二透射区域903。该交换分离模块700的第二透射区域903接收第三光束，本实施例所示的第二透射区域902用于以透射的方式传输该第三光束，可见，在第三光束传输至第二透射区域903的情况下，该第二透射区域903能够以透射的方式将该第三光束传输至输出端口阵列600。
可知，本实施例所示的交换分离模块700所包括的第一透射区域902、反射区域901以及第二透射区域903的位置互不相同，本实施例以图9所示为例进行示例性说明，即第一透射区域902、反射区域901以及第二透射区域903呈单列的方式进行排列，在其他示例中，第一透射区域902、反射区域901以及第二透射区域903还可呈其他的排列形式，例如，第一透射区域902、反射区域901以及第二透射区域903呈单行的方式进行排列，又如，第一透射区域902、反射区域901以及第二透射区域903相错的方式进行排列等。本实施例对第一透射区域902、反射区域901以及第二透射区域903的表面呈方形结构为例，在其他示例中，第一透射区域902、反射区域901以及第二透射区域903分别还可呈三角形结构，圆形结构，四边形结构等，具体不做限定。
以本实施例所示的第一透射区域902和反射区域901为例，该第一透射区域902可呈透明结构，以保证光信号能够经由第一透射区域902的透射进行传输。该反射区域901可为交换分离模块700的表面的反射膜，以保证光信号能够经由反射膜的反射进行传输。
可见，采用本实施例所示的光交换装置，能够沿端口平面XY以及沿波长平面ZY，改变输入端口所获取的第一光束的至少一路子波长光束的传输方向，能够实现子波长光束的传输方向沿端口平面XY以及沿波长平面ZY的偏转，保证了本实施例所示的光交换装置能够实现将位于输入端口阵列任意位置处的输入端口所获取的子波长光束，交换至输出端口阵列所包括的任意位置处的输出端口，实现了对子波长光束沿任意方向的偏转，有效地避免了光交换装置所包括的输入端口和输出端口受限的弊端。因本实施例所示可对子波长光束多次改变传输方向，降低了改变子波长光束的传输方向的插损而且提高了对光束的传输方向进行交换的准确性。
而且本实施例所示的光交换装置进行光束传输方向偏转的过程中，仅通过一个光栅实现对第一光束的分解以形成多个第一子波长光束的过程，还能够实现对多个第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束的过程，还能够实现对第二光束进行分解以形成多个第二子波长光束的过程，还能够实现对多个第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束的作用。而且本实施例所示的光交换装置仅通过一个交换装置能够实现对第一子波长光束的传输方向的偏转，还能够实现对第二子波长光束的传输方向的偏转，能够提高光器件的利用率，降低光交换装置整体的体积，以及提高光交换装置的空间利用率。
实施例三
本实施例所述的光交换装置，能够保证输出的第三光束能够精确地向输出端口阵列传 输，有效地保证了第一光束的传输方向和第三光束的传输方向的分离，以提高光束传输方向的偏转的准确性。
本实施例所示的光交换装置的结构可参见图12所示。其中，图12为该光交换装置沿波长平面的结构示意图。本实施例所示的波长平面和端口平面的说明，请详见实施例一所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置和实施例一所示的光交换装置的区别在于：本实施例所示的光交换装置所包括的第一光栅1201，能够同时实现实施例一所示的第一色散件和第一合束件的功能。本实施例所示的光交换装置所包括的第二光栅1202，能够同时实现实施例一所示的第二色散件和第二合束件的功能。
以下对本实施例所示的光交换装置所包括的光器件进行逐一的说明：
本实施例所示的光交换装置包括输入端口阵列400，本实施例所示的输入端口阵列400的具体说明，请参见实施例一所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括第一交换分离模块1203，所述第一交换分离模块1203和输入端口阵列400之间还包括会聚透镜组1204，本实施例所示的会聚透镜组1204包括奇数个透镜。所述会聚透镜组1204用于将所述多路第一光束，在波长平面ZY以及在端口平面XY内，会聚至第一交换分离模块1203所包括的透射区域上，本实施例所示的会聚透镜组1204的具体说明，可参见实施例二所示的会聚透镜组801的说明，具体不做赘述。
所述第一交换分离模块1203所包括的透射区域用于接收自输入端口阵列400的第一光束，并以透射的方式传输该第一光束，可见，在第一光束传输至所述第一交换分离模块1203的透射区域的情况下，该透射区域能够以透射的方式传输该第一光束，以保证该第一光束能够传输至第一光栅1201，本实施例所示的第一交换分离模块1203的透射区域的说明，请参见实施例二所示的交换分离模块700的第一透射区域902的说明，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括透镜组1205以及透镜组1206，本实施例以透镜组1205以及透镜组1206形成如实施例一所示的第二透镜组为例进行示例性说明，对第二透镜组的具体说明，请详见实施例一所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。需明确地是，本实施例的输入端口阵列400和第一光栅1201之间包括奇数个透镜以形成所述第二透镜组。
可知，本实施例所示的第二透镜组用于将第一光束会聚至第一光栅1201，本实施例对第一光束的数量不做限定。第一光束传输至第一光栅1201的具体说明，可参见实施例二所示的第一光束传输至光栅701的说明，具体不做赘述。
本实施例以一路第一光束为例进行示例性说明，该第一光束为图12所示的第一光束1211为例，该第一光束1211可为输入端口阵列所包括的任一输入端口所输入的第一光束，光交换装置对其他第一光束的传输方向的偏转的过程的说明，均请参见对该第一光束1211的偏转的说明，具体不做赘述。
第一光栅1201分别对各路第一光束进行分解以形成多路第一子波长光束，例如，第一光栅1201对第一光束1211进行分解以形成第一子波长光束1221和第一子波长光束1222，具体过程的说明，可参见实施例二所示的光栅701对第一光束进行分解以形成多路第一子波长光束的过程的说明，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括位于第一光栅1201和第一交换引擎1207之间的透镜组1208，本实施例所示的透镜组1208的相关说明，可参见实施例一所示的第三透镜组405的说明，具体不做赘述。可见，本实施例所示的透镜组1208用于将所述多路第一子波长光束(例如第一子波长光束1221和第一子波长光束1222)，在波长平面ZY以及在端口平面XY内，多路第一子波长光束以相互平行的方向，垂直于第一交换引擎1207的方向入射至所述第一交换引擎1207。
本实施例在第一交换引擎1207接收到各路第一子波长光束(例如第一子波长光束1221和第一子波长光束1222)，可沿波长平面ZY和/或端口平面XY，改变第一子波长光束的传输方向，以保证第一交换引擎1207的不同的第一交换区域能够入射至第一光栅1201所包括的不同的第一合束区域上。对第一交换引擎1207改变各路第一子波长光束传输方向的说明，请参见实施例一所示的第一交换引擎1207改变各路第一子波长光束传输方向的说明，具体不做赘述。
从第一交换引擎1207出射的各路第一子波长光束经由透镜组1208传输至第一光栅1201，该透镜组1208的说明请参见实施例一所示的对第四透镜组407的说明，可知，本实施例所示的同一透镜组1208能够实现实施例一所示的第三透镜组405和第四透镜组407的功能，本实施例所示的透镜组1208能够将由第一交换引擎1207的不同的第一交换区域出射的第一子光波长光束传输至所述第一光栅1201所包括的不同的第一合束区域上，且用于将来自同一第一交换区域出射的所述第一子波长光束会聚至第一合束区域上。
对第一光栅1201所包括的第一合束区域的说明，请参见实施例一所示的第一合束件406所包括的第一合束区域的说明，具体不做赘述。
该第一光栅1201的第一合束区域在接收到来自透镜组1208的多路第一子波长光束的情况下，该第一合束区域用于对该多路第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束。例如，本实施例以第一光栅1201的第一合束区域出射的第二光束为第二光束1231为例。
该第一光栅1201用于将多路第二光束依次入射至透镜组1206和透镜组1205，其中，透镜组1206和透镜组1205形成实施例一所示的第一透镜组408，以使得透镜组1206和透镜组1205能够实现实施例一所示的第一透镜组408的功能，具体说明，请详见实施例一所示，具体不做赘述。可知，本实施例所示的透镜组1206和透镜组1205用于将各路第二光束会聚至所述第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域。
其中，本实施例所示的第一交换分离模块1204所包括的反射区域的具体说明，可参见实施例二所示，具体不做赘述。可知，第一交换分离模块1204所包括的反射区域和透射区域位于不同位置处。该第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域用于接收第二光束，并用于以反射的方式传输该第二光束，并将该第二光束传输至第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域，本实施例所示的第二交换分离模块1101所包括的反射区域的具体说明，可参见实施例二所示的反射区域的说明，具体不做赘述。
可见，在ZY波长平面ZY内，所述第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域和第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域彼此面对，从而有效地保证了来自第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域的第二光束，入射至所述第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域上的情况下，第二光束能够 在所述第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域的反射作用下，成功地传输至第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域上。本实施例对第二光束入射所述第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域的入射角度不做限定，只要该第二光束能够成功地传输至第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域上即可。
在第二光束传输至第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域的情况下，该第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域能够以反射的方式重新将该第二光束传输至光交换装置中，以保证该第二光束能够传输至第二光栅1202上。
本实施例所示的第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域和第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域之间还包括会聚透镜组，本实施例所示的会聚透镜组用于将来自第一交换分离模块1204的反射区域的第二光束，会聚至第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域上。
经由第二交换分离模块1101的反射区域反射后的多路第二光束能够依次经由透镜组1102和透镜组1103会聚至第二光栅1202，对透镜组1102和透镜组1103的作用的说明，请参见实施例一所示的第一透镜组408的说明，具体不做赘述。
第二光栅1202接收到来自透镜组1102和透镜组1103的第二光束进行分解以出射多路第二子波长光束。例如，第二光栅1202对第二光束1241进行分解以形成第二子波长光束1251和第二子波长光束1252。对第二光栅1202实现对第二光束进行分解以形成多路第二子波长光束的说明，请参见实施例一所示的对第二色散件409对第二光束进行分解以形成多路第二子波长光束的具体过程，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的光交换装置还包括位于第二光栅1202和第二交换引擎1104之间的透镜组1105为实施例一所示的第五透镜组482的相关说明，具体不做赘述。可知，透镜组1105用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至第二交换引擎1104。第二交换引擎1104接收到第二子波长光束后，可沿波长平面ZY和/或端口平面XY改变第二子波长光束的传输方向。且该第二交换引擎1104对第二子波长光束的传输方向进行改变后，以垂直于第二交换引擎1104的方向，从第二交换引擎1104出射，具体说明，请参见实施例一所示的第二交换引擎481的说明，具体不做赘述。
本实施例所示的透镜组1105还可参见实施例一所示的第六透镜组484的相关说明，不做赘述，可知，本实施例所示的透镜组1105用于将多路第二子波长光束会聚至第二光栅1202。第二光栅1202的第二合束区域在接收到多路第二子波长光束的情况下，该第二合束区域用于对该多路第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束。可知，本实施例所示的第二光栅1202出射的第三光束的路数，等于第二光栅1202所包括的第二合束区域的数量。对第二光栅1202进行合束以形成第三光束的说明，请参见实施例一中第二合束件483的说明，具体不做赘述。例如，该第三光束可为图12所示第三光束1261。
该透镜组1103和透镜组1102形成实施例一所示的第七透镜组485，用于将第三光束1206会聚至第二交换分离模块1101所包括的透射区域上。第二交换分离模块1101所包括的透射区域的说明，请参见实施例二所示的交换分离模块所包括的透射区域的说明，具体不做赘述。具体地，该第二交换分离模块1101的透射区域接收第三光束，本实施例所示的第二交换分离模块1101的透射区域用于以透射的方式传输该第三光束，可见，在第三光束 传输至第二交换分离模块1101的透射区域的情况下，该第二交换分离模块1101的透射区域能够以透射的方式将该第三光束传输至输出端口阵列600。
可见，本实施例所示的光交换装置进行光束传输方向偏转的过程中，通过一个第一光栅实现对第一光束的分解以形成多个第一子波长光束的过程，还能够实现对多个第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束的过程。还能够通过一个第二光栅实现对第二光束进行分解以形成多个第二子波长光束的过程，该第二光栅还能够实现对多个第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束的作用。有效地提高了光器件的利用率，降低光交换装置整体的体积，以及提高光交换装置的空间利用率。
而且因本实施例所示的经由第一交换引擎改变了传输方向的第二光束，能够依次经由第一交换分离模块和第二交换分离模块传输至第二交换引擎上，再通过第二交换引擎进行传输方向的偏转，因第一光束经由第一交换分离模块向第一交换引擎传输，而来自第二交换引擎的第三光束经由第二交换分离模块输出，能够保证输出的第三光束精确地向输出端口阵列传输，有效地保证了第一光束的传输方向和第三光束的传输方向的分离，以提高光束传输方向的偏转的准确性。
实施例四
本实施例提供一种光交换的方法，本实施例所示的光交换的方法基于实施例一所示的光交换装置，对所述光交换装置的具体结构请参见实施例一所示，具体不做赘述。
以下结合图13所示对本实施例所示的光交换的方法的执行过程进行示例性说明，其中，图13为本申请所提供的光交换的方法的第一种实施例步骤流程图。
步骤1301、光交换装置通过输入端口获取第一光束。
步骤1302、光交换装置通过第一色散件接收来自输入端口的第一光束，并将第一光束分解成多路第一子波长光束，并将多路第一子波长光束入射至第一交换引擎。
步骤1303、光交换装置通过第一交换引擎改变第一子波长光束的传输方向以入射至第一合束件所包括的多个第一合束区域上。
步骤1304、光交换装置通过第一合束区域对已接收的第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束，并将多路第二光束入射至第一透镜组。
步骤1305、光交换装置通过第一透镜组将多路第二光束汇聚至第二色散件。
步骤1306、光交换装置通过第二色散件将每路第二光束分解成多路第二子波长光束，并将多路第二子波长光束入射至第二交换引擎。
步骤1307、光交换装置通过第二交换引擎改变第二子波长光束的传输方向以入射至第二合束件所包括的多个第二合束区域上。
其中，第一交换引擎和第二交换引擎沿波长平面和端口平面，共同改变子波长光束的传输方向，波长平面和端口平面相互垂直，且波长平面和端口平面均与第一光束的传输方向平行。
步骤1308、光交换装置通过第二合束区域对已接收的第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束，并将第三光束传输至输出端口。
步骤1309、光交换装置通过输出端口输出第三光束。
本实施例所述的光交换装置实现光交换的方法的过程中，各个光器件的具体说明以及有益效果的说明，请详见实施例一所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
实施例五
本实施例提供一种光交换的方法，本实施例所示的光交换的方法基于实施例二所示的光交换装置，对所述光交换装置的具体结构请参见实施例二所示，具体不做赘述。
以下结合图14所示对本实施例所示的光交换的方法的执行过程进行示例性说明，其中，图14为本申请所提供的光交换的方法的第二种实施例步骤流程图。
步骤1401、光交换装置通过输入端口获取第一光束。
步骤1402、光交换装置通过交换分离模块的第一透射区域接收所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件。
步骤1403、光交换装置通过第一色散件接收来自输入端口的第一光束，并将第一光束分解成多路第一子波长光束，并将多路第一子波长光束入射至第一交换引擎。
步骤1404、光交换装置通过第一交换引擎改变第一子波长光束的传输方向以入射至第一合束件所包括的多个第一合束区域上。
步骤1405、光交换装置通过第一合束区域对已接收的第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束。
步骤1406、光交换装置通过交换分离模块的反射区域接收第二光束，并将第二光束以反射的方式传输至第一透镜组。
步骤1407、光交换装置通过第一透镜组将多路第二光束汇聚至第二色散件。
步骤1408、光交换装置通过第二色散件将每路第二光束分解成多路第二子波长光束，并将多路第二子波长光束入射至第二交换引擎。
步骤1409、光交换装置通过第二交换引擎改变第二子波长光束的传输方向以入射至第二合束件所包括的多个第二合束区域上。
其中，第一交换引擎和第二交换引擎沿波长平面和端口平面，共同改变子波长光束的传输方向，波长平面和端口平面相互垂直，且波长平面和端口平面均与第一光束的传输方向平行。
步骤1410、光交换装置通过第二合束区域对已接收的第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束。
步骤1411、光交换装置通过交换分离模块的第二透射区域接收第三光束，并将第三光束以透射的方式传输至输出端口。
步骤1412、光交换装置通过输出端口输出第三光束。
本实施例所述的光交换装置实现光交换的方法的过程中，各个光器件的具体说明以及有益效果的说明，请详见实施例二所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
实施例六
本实施例提供一种光交换的方法，本实施例所示的光交换的方法基于实施例三所示的光交换装置，对所述光交换装置的具体结构请参见实施例三所示，具体不做赘述。
以下结合图15所示对本实施例所示的光交换的方法的执行过程进行示例性说明，其中，图15为本申请所提供的光交换的方法的第三种实施例步骤流程图。
步骤1501、光交换装置通过输入端口获取第一光束。
步骤1502、光交换装置通过第一交换分离模块的透射区域接收所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至第一色散件。
步骤1503、光交换装置通过第一色散件接收来自输入端口的第一光束，并将第一光束分解成多路第一子波长光束，并将多路第一子波长光束入射至第一交换引擎。
步骤1504、光交换装置通过第一交换引擎改变第一子波长光束的传输方向以入射至第一合束件所包括的多个第一合束区域上。
步骤1505、光交换装置通过第一合束区域对已接收的第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束。
步骤1506、光交换装置通过第一交换分离模块的反射区域接收所述第二光束，并将第二光束以反射的方式传输至第二交换分离模块。
步骤1507、光交换装置通过第二交换分离模块的反射区域接收第二光束，并将第二光束以反射的方式传输至第二色散件。
步骤1508、光交换装置通过第二色散件将每路第二光束分解成多路第二子波长光束，并将多路第二子波长光束入射至第二交换引擎。
步骤1509、光交换装置通过第二交换引擎改变第二子波长光束的传输方向以入射至第二合束件所包括的多个第二合束区域上。
其中，第一交换引擎和第二交换引擎沿波长平面和端口平面，共同改变子波长光束的传输方向，波长平面和端口平面相互垂直，且波长平面和端口平面均与第一光束的传输方向平行。
步骤1510、光交换装置通过第二合束区域对已接收的第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束。
步骤1511、光交换装置通过第二交换分离模块的透射区域接收第三光束，并将第三光束以透射的方式传输至输出端口。
步骤1512、光交换装置通过输出端口输出第三光束。
本实施例所述的光交换装置实现光交换的方法的过程中，各个光器件的具体说明以及有益效果的说明，请详见实施例二所示，具体在本实施例中不做赘述。
实施例七
本申请还提供了一种光通信系统，以下结合图16所示对本申请所提供的光通信系统1600的结构进行说明，其中，图16为本申请所提供的光通信系统的一种实施例结构示例图。
该光通信系统1600包括多个光节点，该光节点的说明可参见图1a或图1b所示，具体 不做赘述。
如图16所示，本实施例所示的光通信系统1600包括光节点1601、光节点1602、光节点1603、光节点1604以及光节点1605，需明确的是，本实施例对光通信系统1600所包括的光节点的数量的说明为可选地示例，不做限定。
该光通信系统1600还包括连接在两个光节点之间的光纤，以光节点1601和光节点1605为例，该光通信系统1600还包括连接在光节点1601和光节点1605之间的光纤1606，本实施例对光通信系统1600所包括的多个光节点之间的连接关系不做限定。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置包括输入端口，第一色散件，第一交换引擎，第一合束件，第一透镜组，第二色散件，第二合束件，第二交换引擎以及输出端口；
    所述输入端口用于获取第一光束；
    所述第一色散件用于接收来自所述输入端口的所述第一光束，并用于将所述第一光束分解成多路第一子波长光束，所述第一色散件还用于将所述多路第一子波长光束入射至所述第一交换引擎；
    所述第一交换引擎用于改变所述第一子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第一合束件所包括的多个第一合束区域上；
    所述第一合束区域用于对已接收的所述第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束，所述第一合束件用于将多路所述第二光束入射至所述第一透镜组；
    所述第一透镜组用于将多路所述第二光束汇聚至所述第二色散件，所述第一透镜组包括奇数个透镜；
    所述第二色散件用于将每路所述第二光束分解成多路第二子波长光束，所述第二色散件用于将所述多路第二子波长光束入射至所述第二交换引擎；
    所述第二交换引擎用于改变所述第二子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第二合束件所包括的多个第二合束区域上，其中，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎共同沿波长平面和端口平面改变子波长光束的传输方向，所述波长平面和所述端口平面相互垂直，且所述波长平面和所述端口平面均与所述第一光束的传输方向平行；
    所述第二合束区域用于对已接收的所述第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束，所述第二合束件用于将所述第三光束传输至所述输出端口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一透镜组所包括的至少一个透镜，用于沿所述波长平面和/或所述端口平面将多路所述第二光束汇聚至所述第二色散件。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一色散件、所述第二色散件、所述第一合束件和所述第二合束件为同一光栅，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎为同一交换引擎，所述光交换装置还包括交换分离模块；
    所述交换分离模块的第一透射区域用于接收所述第一光束，并用于将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；
    所述交换分离模块的反射区域用于接收所述第二光束，并用于将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第一透镜组；
    所述交换分离模块的第二透射区域用于接收所述第三光束，并用于将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一色散件和所述第一合束件为同一第一光栅，所述第二色散件和所述第二合束件同一第二光栅，所述光交换装置还包括第一交换分离模块和第二交换分离模块；
    所述第一交换分离模块的透射区域用于接收所述第一光束，并用于将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；
    所述第一交换分离模块的反射区域用于接收所述第二光束，并用于将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二交换分离模块；
    所述第二交换分离模块的反射区域用于接收所述第二光束，并用于将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二色散件；
    所述第二交换分离模块的透射区域用于接收所述第三光束，并用于将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置所包括的交换分离模块与所述第一透镜组之间的距离等于所述第一透镜组的等效焦距。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置包括输入端口阵列和输出端口阵列，所述输入端口阵列分别沿第一方向和第三方向均包括多个所述输入端口，所述输出端口阵列分别沿所述第一方向和所述第三方向均包括多个所述输出端口，所述第一方向和所述第三方向均与所述第一光束的传输方向垂直，且所述第一方向和所述第三方向相互垂直。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置沿第一方向包括第一数量的所述输出端口，所述光交换装置沿第三方向包括第二数量的所述输出端口，所述第一方向和所述第三方向均与所述第一光束的传输方向垂直；
    所述第一合束件沿所述第一方向所包括的所述第一合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第一数量，所述第一合束件沿所述第三方向所包括的所述第一合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第二数量；
    所述第二合束件沿所述第一方向所包括的所述第二合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第一数量，所述第二合束件沿所述第三方向所包括的所述第二合束区域的数量小于或等于所述第二数量。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述光交换装置包括多个所述输入端口，所述多个输入端口和所述第一色散件之间还包括第二透镜组，所述第二透镜组包括奇数个透镜；
    所述第二透镜组用于将多路所述第一光束以不同的入射角度，入射至所述第一色散件的第一区域和第二区域处。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一区域和所述第二区域在所述第一色散件上重合。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一色散件用于将不同的所述第一子波长光束以不同的出射角度出射。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一色散件和所述第一交换引擎之间还包括第三透镜组，所述第三透镜组包括奇数个透镜；
    所述第三透镜组用于将所述多路第一子波长光束以垂直于所述第一交换引擎的方向入射至所述第一交换引擎。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，所述第一交换引擎包括多个第一交换区域，从不同的所述第一交换区域出射的所述第一子波长光束入射不同的所述第一合束区域。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，同一所述第一交换区域接收到的多路所述第一子波长光束的波长均不相同。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的光交换装置，其特征在于，同一所述第一交换区域接收到的多路所述第一子波长光束的波长至少部分相同。
  15. 一种光交换的方法，其特征在于，应用于光交换装置，所述光交换装置包括输入端口，第一色散件，第一交换引擎，第一合束件，第一透镜组，第二色散件，第二合束件，第二交换引擎以及输出端口，所述方法包括：
    通过所述输入端口获取第一光束；
    通过所述第一色散件接收来自所述输入端口的所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束分解成多路第一子波长光束，并将所述多路第一子波长光束入射至所述第一交换引擎；
    通过所述第一交换引擎改变所述第一子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第一合束件所包括的多个第一合束区域上；
    通过所述第一合束区域对已接收的所述第一子波长光束进行合束以形成第二光束，并将多路所述第二光束入射至所述第一透镜组；
    通过所述第一透镜组将多路所述第二光束汇聚至所述第二色散件，所述第一透镜组包括奇数个透镜；
    通过所述第二色散件将每路所述第二光束分解成多路第二子波长光束，并将所述多路第二子波长光束入射至所述第二交换引擎；
    通过所述第二交换引擎改变所述第二子波长光束的传输方向以入射至所述第二合束件所包括的多个第二合束区域上，其中，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎共同沿波长 平面和端口平面改变子波长光束的传输方向，所述波长平面和所述端口平面相互垂直，且所述波长平面和所述端口平面均与所述第一光束的传输方向平行；
    通过所述第二合束区域对已接收的所述第二子波长光束进行合束以形成第三光束，并将所述第三光束传输至所述输出端口。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一色散件、所述第二色散件、所述第一合束件和所述第二合束件为同一光栅，所述第一交换引擎和所述第二交换引擎为同一交换引擎，所述光交换装置还包括交换分离模块，所述通过所述输入端口获取第一光束之后，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述交换分离模块的第一透射区域接收所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；
    通过所述交换分离模块的反射区域接收所述第二光束，并将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第一透镜组；
    通过所述交换分离模块的第二透射区域接收所述第三光束，并将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一色散件和所述第一合束件为同一第一光栅，所述第二色散件和所述第二合束件同一第二光栅，所述光交换装置还包括第一交换分离模块和第二交换分离模块，所述通过所述输入端口获取第一光束之后，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述第一交换分离模块的透射区域接收所述第一光束，并将所述第一光束以透射的方式传输至所述第一色散件；
    通过所述第一交换分离模块的反射区域接收所述第二光束，并将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二交换分离模块；
    通过所述第二交换分离模块的反射区域接收所述第二光束，并将所述第二光束以反射的方式传输至所述第二色散件；
    通过所述第二交换分离模块的透射区域接收所述第三光束，并将所述第三光束以透射的方式传输至所述输出端口。
  18. 一种光交换节点，其特征在于，包括多个光交换装置，不同的所述光交换装置之间通过光纤连接，所述光交换装置如权利要求1至14任一项所示。
  19. 一种光通信系统，其特征在于，包括多个如权利要求18所述的光交换节点。
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