WO2022237648A1 - 壳体、终端设备及壳体的制备方法 - Google Patents

壳体、终端设备及壳体的制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022237648A1
WO2022237648A1 PCT/CN2022/091242 CN2022091242W WO2022237648A1 WO 2022237648 A1 WO2022237648 A1 WO 2022237648A1 CN 2022091242 W CN2022091242 W CN 2022091242W WO 2022237648 A1 WO2022237648 A1 WO 2022237648A1
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Prior art keywords
based metal
layer
aluminum
magnesium
metal layer
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PCT/CN2022/091242
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
纪大伟
蔡明�
胡邦红
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP22806614.8A priority Critical patent/EP4326017A4/en
Publication of WO2022237648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022237648A1/zh
Priority to US18/502,254 priority patent/US12558873B2/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02Details
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/017Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy, another layer being formed of an alloy based on a non ferrous metal other than aluminium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/021Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/028Including graded layers in composition or in physical properties, e.g. density, porosity, grain size
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/04Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0614Strips or foils
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/0279Improving the user comfort or ergonomics
    • H04M1/0283Improving the user comfort or ergonomics for providing a decorative aspect, e.g. customization of casings, exchangeable faceplate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02Details
    • H05K5/0217Mechanical details of casings
    • H05K5/0243Mechanical details of casings for decorative purposes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/02Details
    • H05K5/0247Electrical details of casings, e.g. terminals, passages for cables or wiring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K5/00Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
    • H05K5/04Metal casings

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of terminal equipment packaging, in particular to a housing, a terminal equipment and a method for preparing the housing.
  • magnesium alloys In order to improve the decorativeness of magnesium alloys, researchers coated a layer of aluminum alloy on the surface of magnesium alloys to prepare magnesium/aluminum laminated composite panels.
  • brittle phases are easily formed between magnesium and aluminum, resulting in low interface bonding strength, and subsequent shell molding is prone to defects such as delamination and deformation.
  • magnesium alloys exposed on one side are prone to galvanic corrosion with aluminum alloys, and the electrical connection reliability is poor. Therefore, it cannot meet the requirements of the shell for light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, good corrosion resistance and electrical connectivity.
  • the application provides a casing, a terminal device and a method for preparing the casing, so that the casing has light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, and good corrosion resistance. sex and electrical connectivity.
  • the present application provides a casing, which includes a magnesium-based metal substrate, a first aluminum-based metal layer and a second aluminum-based metal layer are respectively arranged on both sides of the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the magnesium-based metal substrate and the first A first transition layer is arranged between the aluminum-based metal layers, an appearance layer is arranged on the surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer away from the first transition layer, and a second transition layer is arranged between the magnesium-based metal substrate and the second aluminum-based metal layer.
  • the surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer away from the second transition layer has an electrical connection layer.
  • the shear peel strength between the first transition layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the shear peel strength between the first transition layer and the first aluminum-based metal layer are greater than the first shear peel strength, and the first shear peel strength
  • the shear peel strength is the shear peel strength between the magnesium-based metal and the aluminum-based metal in the aluminum-magnesium composite material; the shear peel strength between the second transition layer and the magnesium-based metal matrix, and the second transition layer and the second The shear peel strengths of the aluminum-based metal layers are all greater than the first shear peel strength.
  • the casing provided by the present application includes a magnesium-based metal base, a first transition layer, a first aluminum-based metal layer, an appearance layer, a second transition layer, a second aluminum-based metal layer, and an electrical connection layer.
  • a first transition layer is arranged between the magnesium-based metal substrate and the first aluminum-based metal layer, and the first transition layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate The shear peel strength between the first transition layer and the first aluminum-based metal layer is greater than the first shear peel strength.
  • the application scheme can improve the interfacial bonding force between the magnesium-based metal substrate and the first aluminum-based metal layer through the first transition layer, and can avoid the shell being damaged during subsequent molding or use. force stratification problem.
  • a second transition layer is provided between the magnesium-based metal substrate and the second aluminum-based metal layer, the shear peel strength between the second transition layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the strength of the second transition layer and the second aluminum-based metal layer The shear peeling strength is greater than the first shear peeling strength.
  • the solution of the present application can increase the strength of magnesium through the first transition layer.
  • the interfacial bonding force between the base metal matrix and the second aluminum-based metal layer can avoid the problem of stress delamination during the subsequent molding or use of the shell.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer and the second aluminum-based metal layer can provide the casing with high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, and better corrosion resistance.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer can provide an aluminum matrix for the appearance layer, and the appearance layer can provide a high-quality appearance for the casing;
  • the second aluminum-based metal layer can provide an aluminum matrix for the electrical connection layer, and the electrical connection layer can provide the casing with Good electrical connectivity. Therefore, the casing of the present application can realize light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, good corrosion resistance and electrical connectivity.
  • the appearance layer includes any one of an anodic oxidation layer, an electrophoretic layer, and an inkjet printing layer.
  • the appearance layer can meet the high appearance requirements of the shell, and can also improve the corrosion resistance of the shell.
  • the material of the magnesium-based metal matrix is selected from deformable magnesium alloys that can be press-worked, preferably, it can be selected from magnesium-aluminum alloys, magnesium-zinc alloys or magnesium-lithium alloys at least one of the
  • the material of the first transition layer is selected from pure copper, copper alloy, pure titanium, titanium alloy, pure nickel, nickel alloy, pure cobalt, cobalt alloy, pure tantalum, tantalum alloy, pure At least one of zinc, zinc alloy, pure silver, and silver alloy. Since there is a first transition layer between the first aluminum-based metal layer and the magnesium-based metal matrix in the casing, compared with the aluminum-magnesium composite material in which the magnesium-based metal and the aluminum-based metal are directly combined in the prior art, The shear peeling strength of the casing can be improved. For example, the shear peeling strength of the material after the three-layer composite of the first aluminum-based metal layer, the first transition layer and the magnesium-based metal matrix is greater than or equal to 30 MPa.
  • the material of the second transition layer is selected from pure copper, copper alloy, pure titanium, titanium alloy, pure nickel, nickel alloy, pure cobalt, cobalt alloy, pure tantalum, tantalum alloy, pure At least one of zinc, zinc alloy, pure silver, and silver alloy. Since there is a second transition layer between the second aluminum-based metal layer and the magnesium-based metal matrix in the shell, compared with the aluminum-magnesium composite material in which the magnesium-based metal and the aluminum-based metal are directly combined in the prior art, The shear peeling strength of the casing can be improved. For example, the material shear peeling strength after the composite of the second aluminum-based metal layer, the second transition layer and the magnesium-based metal matrix is greater than or equal to 30 MPa.
  • the material of the first transition layer and the material of the second transition layer are the same material. Compared with using different materials for the first transition layer and the second transition layer, using the same material can simplify the process flow.
  • anodizable aluminum-containing metals can be selected, including but not limited to 1-series aluminum alloys, 5-series aluminum alloys, and 6-series aluminum alloys. alloy and at least one of 7-series aluminum alloys. As an example, a 5-series aluminum alloy or a 6-series aluminum alloy is preferable.
  • aluminum-containing metals that can be deformed by plastic processing can be selected, including but not limited to at least one of 1-series aluminum alloys to 8-series aluminum alloys. kind. As an example, a 5-series aluminum alloy or a 6-series aluminum alloy is preferable.
  • the thickness of the casing is T
  • the thickness of the magnesium-based metal substrate is greater than 0.25T and less than or equal to 0.95T
  • T is a positive number.
  • the thickness of the casing is T
  • the sum of the thickness of the first aluminum-based metal layer and the thickness of the second aluminum-based metal layer is greater than or equal to 0.05T and less than or equal to 0.75T.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the first aluminum-based metal layer to the thickness of the second aluminum-based metal layer in the thickness of the shell is 0.05 to 0.75, the shell can be improved as a whole on the basis of meeting the requirement of light weight. body strength.
  • the thickness of the first aluminum-based metal layer is greater than or equal to the thickness of the second aluminum-based metal layer.
  • the thickness of the first aluminum-based metal layer is greater, which can provide a thicker aluminum substrate for the production of the appearance layer, so as to meet the production needs of various high-value appearances. For example, high-gloss C can be produced on the first aluminum-based metal layer corner effect.
  • the thickness of the casing is T, and the thickness of the first transition layer is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2T.
  • the thickness of the casing is T
  • the thickness of the second transition layer is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2T.
  • the appearance layer has a thickness of 5-60 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness when the appearance layer is an anodized layer, the thickness can be between 5-16 ⁇ m. In another embodiment, when the appearance layer is an electrophoretic layer, the thickness can be between 10-60 ⁇ m. In one embodiment, when the appearance layer is an inkjet printing layer, the thickness may be between 10-60 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the electrical connection layer is at least one of a partially machined (CNC) or radium-engraved surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer, copper sheet or conductive foam.
  • the machined (CNC) or radium-engraved surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer is used as an electrical connection layer, which can meet the needs of the electrical connectivity of the shell. The need for higher electrical connectivity of the body.
  • the thickness of the electrical connection layer is 0.05-3 mm. In one embodiment, when the electrical connection layer is a copper layer formed by spot welding copper sheets, the thickness is 0.05 mm or 0.08 mm.
  • the present application also provides a method for preparing a casing, the method comprising the following steps:
  • the layered composite board is formed to form a formed composite board; wherein the layered composite board includes a magnesium-based metal matrix, the first side of the magnesium-based metal base is covered with a first transition layer, and the first transition layer is far away from the magnesium-based metal matrix.
  • One side of the metal substrate is covered with a first aluminum-based metal layer
  • the second side of the magnesium-based metal substrate is covered with a second transition layer
  • the side of the second transition layer away from the magnesium-based metal substrate is covered with a second aluminum-based metal layer
  • the shear peel strength between the first transition layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the shear peel strength between the first transition layer and the first aluminum-based metal layer are greater than the first shear peel strength, the first shear peel strength
  • the shear peel strength is the shear peel strength between the magnesium-based metal and the aluminum-based metal in the aluminum-magnesium composite material; the shear peel strength between the second transition layer and the magnesium-based metal matrix, and the second transition layer and the second
  • the shear peel strength of the aluminum-based metal layer is greater than the first shear peel strength;
  • the formed composite board is surface-treated to form an appearance layer on the surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer; the formed composite board is processed, An electrical connection layer is formed on the surface of the second aluminum-based
  • the casing obtained by the preparation method of the present application includes a magnesium-based metal base, a first transition layer, a first aluminum-based metal layer, an appearance layer, a second transition layer, a second aluminum-based metal layer, and an electrical connection layer.
  • a first transition layer is arranged between the magnesium-based metal substrate and the first aluminum-based metal layer, and the first transition layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate The shear peel strength between the first transition layer and the first aluminum-based metal layer is greater than the first shear peel strength.
  • the application scheme can improve the interfacial bonding force between the magnesium-based metal substrate and the first aluminum-based metal layer through the first transition layer, and can avoid the shell being damaged during subsequent molding or use.
  • the problem of force delamination makes the shell not easily deformed.
  • a second transition layer is provided between the magnesium-based metal substrate and the second aluminum-based metal layer, the shear peel strength between the second transition layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the strength of the second transition layer and the second aluminum-based metal layer
  • the shear peeling strength is greater than the first shear peeling strength.
  • the solution of the present application can increase the strength of magnesium through the first transition layer.
  • the interfacial bonding force between the base metal matrix and the second aluminum-based metal layer can avoid the problem of stress delamination during subsequent molding or use of the shell, making the shell difficult to deform.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer and the second aluminum-based metal layer can provide the casing with high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength and high rigidity.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer can provide an aluminum matrix for the appearance layer, and the appearance layer can provide a high-quality appearance for the casing;
  • the second aluminum-based metal layer can provide an aluminum matrix for the electrical connection layer, and the electrical connection layer can provide the casing with Good electrical connectivity.
  • the housing of the present application can achieve light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, good corrosion resistance and electrical connectivity.
  • At least one of the rolling process, forging process, extrusion process, and diffusion welding process can be used when preparing the laminated composite plate, and the first aluminum alloy stacked in sequence
  • the base metal layer, the first transition layer, the magnesium-based metal substrate, the second transition layer, and the second aluminum-based metal layer are laminated in layers to form a layered composite board.
  • chemical At least one of plating, electroplating, thermal spraying, ion plating, and diffusion welding forming a first transition layer on one side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer and/or the first side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate, and forming a first transition layer on the second One side surface of the aluminum-based metal layer and/or the second side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate form a second transition layer; the first aluminum-based metal layer, the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the second aluminum-based metal layer are stacked to form a sequential The first aluminum-based metal layer, the first transition layer, the magnesium-based metal substrate, the second transition layer, and the second aluminum-based metal layer are stacked.
  • the first transition layer and the first side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer and/or the first side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate can be There is a higher bonding strength between the second transition layer and one side surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer and/or the second side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • performing surface treatment on the formed composite board to form an appearance layer on the surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer includes: performing anodic oxidation treatment on the formed composite board to form an appearance layer on the surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer.
  • An anodic oxidation layer is formed on the surface of an aluminum-based metal layer.
  • performing surface treatment on the formed composite board to form an appearance layer on the surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer includes: performing electrophoretic treatment or inkjet printing treatment on the formed composite board , so as to form an appearance layer on the surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer.
  • performing electrical connection treatment on the formed composite board to form an electrical connection layer on the surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer includes: performing computer digital control (Computer Digital Control) on the formed composite board numerical control (CNC) process, laser radium engraving process, spot welding copper sheet process, or attaching conductive foam to form an electrical connection layer on the surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer.
  • CNC computer digital control
  • Part of the machining (CNC) or radium engraved surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer is used as an electrical connection layer, which can meet the needs of the electrical connectivity of the housing.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer is spot-welded with copper sheets as an electrical connection layer, which can The need for higher electrical connectivity of the housing is met.
  • the present application provides a terminal device.
  • the terminal device includes the casing in each possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the application or the casing obtained by using the preparation method in each possible implementation manner of the second aspect of the application.
  • the terminal devices in this application include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, notebook computers, tablet computers, and the like.
  • the terminal device of the present application includes the shells of various possible implementations of the present application, the shell has light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, and good durability.
  • the terminal device of the present application also has light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, good corrosion resistance and electrical connectivity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a housing of an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a magnesium-based metal matrix of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a housing according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the first transition layer according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the shell of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearance layer 60 is an anodized layer.
  • the thickness of the appearance layer formed by anodic oxidation may be between 5 ⁇ m and 16 ⁇ m.
  • the forming process in S11 above may include but not limited to at least one of thin plate stamping forming, thick plate forging and CNC forming, and thick plate full CNC forming.
  • one side of the formed composite plate is anodized to form an anodized layer on the surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer.
  • At least one of CNC process, laser radium engraving process, spot welding copper sheet process, or pasting and attaching conductive foam is performed on the formed composite board, so that the second aluminum base
  • An electrical connection layer is formed on the surface of the metal layer.
  • part of the machining (CNC) or radium-engraved surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer is used as the electrical connection layer, which can meet the requirements of the electrical connectivity of the housing, and the first aluminum-based metal layer is spot-welded with copper sheets as the electrical connection layer. , which can meet the higher electrical connectivity requirements of the housing.
  • the layered composite plate can be prepared by the following method: using at least one of the rolling process, forging process, extrusion process, and diffusion welding process, and stacked in the following order: the first An aluminum-based metal layer, a first transition layer, a magnesium-based metal matrix, a second transition layer, and a second aluminum-based metal layer are laminated to form a layered composite board.
  • S111 using at least one of electroless plating, electroplating, thermal spraying, ion plating, and diffusion welding to form a first transition layer on one side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer and/or the first side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • S111 can be implemented in any of the following ways:
  • Mode A1 using at least one of electroless plating, electroplating, thermal spraying, ion plating, and diffusion welding to form a first transition layer on one side of the first aluminum-based metal layer.
  • a first transition layer with a thickness of T3 can be formed on one side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer.
  • a first transition layer with a thickness of T3 can be formed on the first side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • Mode A3 using at least one of electroless plating, electroplating, thermal spraying, ion plating, and diffusion welding to form a first transition layer on one side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer and the first side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate .
  • Way B1 using at least one of electroless plating, electroplating, thermal spraying, ion plating, and diffusion welding to form a second transition layer on one side of the second aluminum-based metal layer.
  • Mode B2 using at least one of electroless plating, electroplating, thermal spraying, ion plating, and diffusion welding to form a second transition layer on the second side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • a second transition layer with a thickness of T5 can be formed on the second side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • Mode B3 using at least one of electroless plating, electroplating, thermal spraying, ion plating, and diffusion welding to form a second transition layer on one side surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer and the second side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • a second transition layer with a thickness of x2 can be formed on one side surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer, and on the second transition layer of the magnesium-based metal substrate
  • a second transition layer with a thickness of y2 is formed on the side, and the sum of x2 and y2 is equal to T5, wherein both x2 and y2 are positive numbers.
  • the application does not limit the size relationship between x2 and y2, and x2 can be greater than y2. It can also be equal to y2 or less than y2.
  • the first transition layer formed in any of the above-mentioned methods A1, A2, and A3 can be used, and the first aluminum-based metal layer and/or The stacking of magnesium-based metal substrates will be described separately below.
  • the first transition layer is formed on one side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer, and the The side on which the first transition layer is formed on the surface is stacked on the first side of the magnesium-based metal base.
  • the first transition layer is formed on the first side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the first aluminum-based metal One side of the first transition layer is stacked on the first side of the magnesium-based metal base.
  • a part of the first transition layer is formed on one side of the first aluminum-based metal layer, Another part of the first transition layer is formed on the first side, and a part of the first transition layer formed on the first aluminum-based metal layer is stacked on the first side of the magnesium-based metal substrate on which the first transition layer is formed.
  • the second transition layer formed in any of the above-mentioned methods B1, B2, and B3 can be used, and the first aluminum-based metal Layers and/or magnesium-based metal substrates are stacked.
  • the related content of stacking and arranging the first aluminum-based metal layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate please refer to the related content of stacking and arranging the first aluminum-based metal layer and the magnesium-based metal substrate, which will not be repeated here.
  • a first transition layer is formed on one side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer
  • a part of the second transition layer is formed on one side surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer
  • a part of the second transition layer is formed on the second side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • Another part of the second transition layer is formed on the top, and then, the side of the first aluminum-based metal layer on which the first transition layer is formed is stacked on the first side of the magnesium-based metal base, and then the stacked first aluminum base
  • the metal layer, the first transition layer, the magnesium-based metal substrate, and the magnesium-based metal substrate are stacked on the second aluminum-based metal layer on which a part of the second transition layer is formed.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer, the first transition layer, the magnesium-based metal substrate, the second transition layer, and the second aluminum-based metal layer stacked in sequence may be fixed by means of riveting.
  • the first transition layer and one side surface of the first aluminum-based metal layer and/or the first side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate can be made There is a higher bonding strength between the second transition layer and one side surface of the second aluminum-based metal layer and/or the second side surface of the magnesium-based metal substrate.
  • the manufacturing process of the shell is as follows:
  • pure Cu foil can be selected as the material of transition layer 1 and transition layer 2, and the Cu foil is cut into strips.
  • copper can be understood as pure copper.
  • the Cu foil is stripped and cut to obtain a Cu foil with a thickness of 0.04mm and a size of 0.04mm*250mm*300mm. Its size is the same as that of the magnesium alloy layer (AZ31B), and the shape of the plate is flat and the surface is clean. No grease, dirt and other pollution.
  • S202 as shown in Figure 11, carry out the aluminum alloy layer 2 (5252), the transition layer 2 (copper foil), the magnesium alloy layer (AZ31B), the transition layer 1 (copper foil), and the aluminum alloy layer 1 (5252) in sequence. Stacked in layers.
  • magnesium alloy sheet thickness is 1.2mm, size is 1.2mm*250mm*300mm
  • aluminum alloy sheet thickness is 0.2mm, size is 0.2mm*250mm*300mm
  • Cu foil The thickness is 0.04mm, the size is 0.04mm*250mm*300mm
  • the surface is sanded to remove the oxide layer on the surface, and then ultrasonic cleaning is performed, and then air-dried.
  • the layered composite structure stacked neatly from bottom to top: aluminum alloy layer 2, transition layer 2, magnesium alloy layer, transition layer 1, aluminum alloy layer 1, the overall thickness after stacking is 1.6mm, and then the stacked layer The composite structure is riveted and fixed.
  • the layered stack of aluminum alloy layer 2 (5252), transition layer 2 (copper foil), magnesium alloy layer (AZ31B), transition layer 1 (copper foil), aluminum alloy layer 1 (5252) is heated at a temperature After heating at 380 ⁇ 10°C for 90 ⁇ 10min, and through multiple passes of hot rolling to the target thickness of 0.8mm, the total deformation is 50%.
  • the laminated composite board is cut and punched to form a PC shell shape.
  • an anodized layer may also be formed on the side of the aluminum alloy layer 2 (5252) away from the transition layer 2, whether an anodized layer is formed on the side of the aluminum alloy layer 2 (5252) away from the transition layer 2, and It will not affect the subsequent steps, even if the anodized layer is formed on the side of the aluminum alloy layer 2 (5252) away from the transition layer 2, in S206, the surface of the anodized layer on the side of the aluminum alloy layer 2 (5252) away from the transition layer 2 Processing is performed to form an electrical connection layer.
  • the structure information of the shell obtained by using the preparation method of the present application is shown in Table 2 below.
  • the overall thickness is about 0.8mm, and the overall density is 2.3g/cm. It has a 7-layer structure.
  • the AZ31B magnesium alloy substrate with a thickness of 0.6mm in the middle acts as a weight reducer.
  • the 5252 mm provides a substrate for electrical connections.
  • the appearance decoration and electrical connection reliability are improved, and at the same time, the aluminum alloy on the upper and lower surfaces can isolate the magnesium alloy from direct contact with the outside world, and improve the corrosion resistance of the magnesium matrix.
  • a large number of brittle second phases will be formed between the two metals of the magnesium layer and the aluminum layer without a transition layer, as shown in Figure 12.
  • nickel can be understood as pure nickel.
  • the manufacturing process of the shell is as follows:
  • the thickness of the magnesium alloy layer (AZ80) is 5mm, the size is 5*230*280mm 3 , the shape of the plate is flat, and the surface is clean and free of grease, dirt and other pollution.
  • aluminum alloy sheet thickness 0.6mm, size 0.6*230*280mm 3
  • magnesium alloy sheet thickness 5mm, size 5*230*280mm 3
  • aluminum alloy sheet The thickness is 0.4mm, the size is 0.4*230*280mm 3
  • the Ni sheet is subjected to surface sanding treatment to remove the oxide layer on the surface, then ultrasonic cleaning is performed, and then air-dried.
  • the layered composite structure stacked neatly from bottom to top: aluminum alloy layer 2 (6061), transition layer 2 (Ni), magnesium alloy layer (AZ80), transition layer 1 (Ni), aluminum alloy layer 1 (6013), Stack neatly and tightly from bottom to top, and the overall thickness after stacking is 6mm. Then the stacked layered composite structure is riveted and fixed.
  • the layered stack of aluminum alloy layer 2 (6061), transition layer 2 (Ni), magnesium alloy layer (AZ80), transition layer 1 (Ni), aluminum alloy layer 1 (6013) is heated at a temperature of 350 ⁇ 10 After a heating time of 120 ⁇ 10min within °C, hot pressing molding, molding pressure 100 ⁇ 10MPa, hot pressing time 3 ⁇ 1min.
  • the laminated composite board is cut and punched to form a PC shell.
  • an electrophoretic layer is formed on the side of the aluminum alloy layer 1 (6013) away from the first transition layer.
  • an electrophoretic layer may also be formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy layer 2 (6061) away from the transition layer 2, which does not affect S306, even if the aluminum alloy layer 2 (6061) is far away from the transition layer 2
  • An electrophoretic layer is formed on the surface of the composite plate.
  • the surface of the electrophoretic layer on one side of the aluminum alloy layer 2 of the formed composite plate is processed to form an electrical connection layer.
  • S306 process the surface of one side of the aluminum alloy layer 2 of the formed composite plate, and form an electrical connection layer on the side of the aluminum alloy layer 2 away from the second transition layer: the surface of 6061 made by laser engraving technology, spot welding Copper sheet and attached conductive foam.
  • the structure information of the shell obtained by using the preparation method of the present application is shown in Table 3 below.
  • the overall thickness is about 6.0mm, and the overall density is 2.06g/cm 3 . It has a 7-layer structure.
  • the magnesium alloy layer AZ80 with a thickness of 5mm in the middle acts as a weight reducer.
  • 6061 provides a substrate for electrical connections. Ni is directly electroplated on both sides of the magnesium alloy substrate AZ80, as the intermediate transition layer between AZ80 and aluminum alloy (6013/6061), without the formation of a large amount of brittle second phase, and the composite interface of the magnesium alloy layer-transition layer-aluminum base metal layer is combined The force is increased, and the shear strength is increased from about 15MPa to 50MPa.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer and the second aluminum-based metal layer can provide the casing with high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength and high rigidity.
  • the first aluminum-based metal layer can provide an aluminum matrix for the appearance layer, and the appearance layer can provide a high-quality appearance for the casing;
  • the second aluminum-based metal layer can provide an aluminum matrix for the electrical connection layer, and the electrical connection layer can provide the casing with Good electrical connectivity.
  • the housing of the present application can achieve light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, good corrosion resistance and electrical connectivity.
  • the terminal device of the present application includes the shells of various possible implementations of the present application, the shell has light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, and good durability.
  • the terminal device of the present application also has light weight, high appearance, high wear resistance, high reliability, high strength, high rigidity, good corrosion resistance and electrical connectivity.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种壳体、终端设备及壳体的制备方法。该壳体包括镁基金属基体,该镁基金属基体两侧分别设置有第一铝基金属层和第二铝基金属层,镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层之间设置有第一过渡层,第一铝基金属层远离第一过渡层的一侧表面具有外观层,镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层之间设置有第二过渡层,第二铝基金属层远离第二过渡层的一侧表面具有电连接层。其中第一过渡层可提高镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层之间的界面结合力,第二过渡层可提高镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层之间的界面结合力。该壳体具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。

Description

壳体、终端设备及壳体的制备方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年05月08日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110502253.9、申请名称为“壳体、终端设备及壳体的制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及终端设备封装领域,具体涉及一种壳体、终端设备及壳体的制备方法。
背景技术
随着终端产品轻薄化的趋势发展,开发轻质复合金属壳体具有重要的现实意义和应用价值。镁合金是最轻的金属结构材料(镁的密度为1.8g/cm3),应用于终端产品减重效果明显。但由于镁合金特性,无法直接像铝合金一样做阳极氧化外观装饰,目前镁合金表面处理基本是喷漆,这种表面处理方式具有外观质感差、耐划伤性较差、易腐蚀、可靠性差、电连接性差、强度低、刚性差等缺陷,而铝合金由于阳极氧化而具有外观配色丰富并具有金属质感、冰凉的触感、可靠性高、耐磨、抗腐蚀等优点,从而被广泛应用于各种终端设备的壳体中。
为了提高镁合金的装饰性,研究人员在镁合金表面包覆一层铝合金,制备成镁/铝层状复合板。但是镁、铝之间易形成脆性相,导致界面结合强度低,后续壳体成型容易出现分层、变形等缺陷,而且单面暴露的镁合金容易与铝合金发生电偶腐蚀,电连接可靠性差等问题,因此,不能满足壳体对重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性要求。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种壳体、终端设备及壳体的制备方法,以使壳体在具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
第一方面,本申请提供一种壳体,包括镁基金属基体,该镁基金属基体的两侧分别设置有第一铝基金属层和第二铝基金属层,镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层之间设置有第一过渡层,第一铝基金属层远离第一过渡层的一侧表面设置有外观层,镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层之间设置有第二过渡层,第二铝基金属层远离第二过渡层的一侧表面具有电连接层。
其中,第一过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,所述第一剪切剥离强度为铝镁复合材料中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属间的剪切剥离强度;第二过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度。
本申请提供的壳体,包括镁基金属基体、第一过渡层、第一铝基金属层、外观层、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层、以及电连接层。其中,由于镁基金属基体的密度低,可使得 壳体具有重量轻的效果,镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层之间设置有第一过渡层,第一过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层可以提高镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层之间的界面结合力,可以避免壳体后续成型或使用等过程中受力分层问题。镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层之间设置有第二过渡层,第二过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层可以提高镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层复合的界面结合力,可以避免壳体后续成型或使用等过程中受力分层问题。第一铝基金属层和第二铝基金属层可以为壳体提供高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、较好的耐腐蚀性。此外,第一铝基金属层可以为外观层提供铝基体,外观层可为壳体提供高颜值,第二铝基金属层可以为电连接层提供铝基体,电连接层可为壳体提供良好的电连接性。由此,本申请的壳体,能够实现具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,外观层包括阳极氧化层、电泳层、喷墨打印层中的任一种。外观层可满足壳体的高颜值需求,还可以提高壳体的耐腐蚀性。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,镁基金属基体的材料选自可压力加工的变形镁合金,优选的,可选自镁-铝系合金、镁-锌系合金或镁-锂系合金中的至少一种。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,第一过渡层的材料选自纯铜、铜合金、纯钛、钛合金、纯镍、镍合金、纯钴、钴合金、纯钽、钽合金、纯锌、锌合金、纯银、银合金中的至少一种。由于壳体中的第一铝基金属层与镁基金属基体之间有第一过渡层,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,可以提高壳体的剪切剥离强度,示例的,第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层与镁基金属基体三层复合后的材料剪切剥离强度大于或等于30MPa。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,第二过渡层的材料选自纯铜、铜合金、纯钛、钛合金、纯镍、镍合金、纯钴、钴合金、纯钽、钽合金、纯锌、锌合金、纯银、银合金中的至少一种。由于壳体中的第二铝基金属层与镁基金属基体之间有第二过渡层,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,可以提高壳体的剪切剥离强度,示例的,第二铝基金属层、第二过渡层与镁基金属基体三层复合后的材料剪切剥离强度大于或等于30MPa。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,第一过渡层的材料与第二过渡层的材料为同一材料。相比较于第一过渡层与第二过渡层使用不同材料,采用同一种材料可以简化工艺流程。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,在选择第一铝基金属层的材料时,可以选择可阳极氧化的含铝金属,包括但不限于1系铝合金、5系铝合金、6系铝合金和7系铝合金中的至少一种。作为一种示例,优选5系铝合金或6系铝合金。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,在选择第二铝基金属层的材料时,可以选择可塑性加工变形的含铝金属,包括但不限于1系铝合金至8系铝合金中的至少一种。作为一种示例,优选5系铝合金或6系铝合金。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,壳体的厚度为T,镁基金属基体的厚度大于0.25T且小于或等于0.95T,T为正数。当镁基金属基体在壳体的厚度所占的比例为0.25至0.95, 可以平衡减重、强度和成本,使壳体满足不同的场景需求。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,壳体的厚度为T,第一铝基金属层的厚度与第二铝基金属层的厚度之和大于或等于0.05T且小于或等于0.75T。当第一铝基金属层的厚度与第二铝基金属层的厚度之和在壳体的厚度所占的比例为0.05至0.75,可以在满足重量轻的需求的基础上,从整体上提高壳体的强度。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,第一铝基金属层的厚度大于或等于第二铝基金属层的厚度。第一铝基金属层的厚度更大,可以为制作外观层提供厚度更大的铝基体,从而满足各种高颜值外观的制作需求,例如,可以在第一铝基金属层上制作高光C角的效果。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,壳体的厚度为T,第一过渡层的厚度大于0且小于或等于0.2T。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,壳体的厚度为T,第二过渡层的厚度大于0且小于或等于0.2T。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,外观层的厚度为5~60μm。
在一种实施例中,外观层为阳极氧化层时的厚度可以为5-16μm之间,在另一种实施例中,外观层为电泳层时的厚度可以为10-60μm之间,在又一种实施例中,外观层为喷墨打印层时的厚度可以为10-60μm之间。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,电连接层的材料为第一铝基金属层的部分机加工(CNC)或者镭雕表面、铜片或导电泡棉中的至少一种。第一铝基金属层的机加工(CNC)或者镭雕表面作为电连接层,可以满足壳体的电连接性的需求,第一铝基金属层点焊铜片用作电连接,可以满足壳体的更高的电连接性的需求。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,电连接层的厚度为0.05~3mm。在一种实施例中,电连接层为点焊铜片形成的铜层时的厚度为0.05mm或者0.08mm。
第二方面,本申请还提供一种壳体的制备方法,该制备方法包括以下步骤:
对层状复合板进行成型加工,形成成型后的复合板;其中,层状复合板包括镁基金属基体,镁基金属基体的第一侧面覆有第一过渡层,第一过渡层远离镁基金属基体的一侧覆有第一铝基金属层,镁基金属基体的第二侧面覆有第二过渡层,第二过渡层远离镁基金属基体的一侧覆有第二铝基金属层,其中,第一过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层之间的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,第一剪切剥离强度为铝镁复合材料中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属间的剪切剥离强度;第二过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度;对成型后的复合板进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层;对成型后的复合板进行加工,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层。
利用本申请的制备方法得到的壳体,包括镁基金属基体、第一过渡层、第一铝基金属层、外观层、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层、以及电连接层。其中,由于镁基金属基体的密度低,可使得壳体具有重量轻的效果,镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层之间设置有第一过渡层,第一过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层可以提高镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层之间的界面结合力,可以避免壳体后续成型或使用等过程中受力分层问题,使得壳体不易变形。镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层之间设置有第二过渡层,第二过渡层 与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层可以提高镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层复合的界面结合力,可以避免壳体后续成型或使用等过程中受力分层问题,使得壳体不易变形。第一铝基金属层和第二铝基金属层可以为壳体提供高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性。此外,第一铝基金属层可以为外观层提供铝基体,外观层可为壳体提供高颜值,第二铝基金属层可以为电连接层提供铝基体,电连接层可为壳体提供良好的电连接性。由此,本申请的壳体,能够实现在具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,在具体制备层状复合板时,可采用轧制工艺、锻压工艺、挤压工艺、扩散焊工艺中的至少一种,对按顺序堆叠的第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层进行层状复合,形成层状复合板。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,在制备按顺序堆叠的第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层时,可采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第一侧面形成第一过渡层,以及在第二铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第二侧面形成第二过渡层;堆叠设置第一铝基金属层、镁基金属基体、以及第二铝基金属层,形成按顺序堆叠的第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层。通过上述化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,可以使得第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第一侧面之间具有较高的结合强度,也可以使得第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第二侧面之间具有较高的结合强度。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,对成型后的复合板进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层,包括:对成型后的复合板进行阳极氧化处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成阳极氧化层。通过上述阳极氧化处理,可使得壳体的外观满足高颜值需求,还可以提高壳体的耐腐蚀性。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,对成型后的复合板进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层,包括:对成型后的复合板进行电泳处理或喷墨打印处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层。
在本申请一种可能的实现方式中,对成型后的复合板进行电连接处理,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层,包括:对成型后的复合板进行计算机数字化控制(Computer numerical control,CNC)工艺、激光镭雕工艺、点焊铜片工艺、或贴敷附导电泡棉中的至少一种,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层。第一铝基金属层的部分机加工(CNC)或者镭雕表面作为电连接层,可以满足壳体的电连接性的需求,第一铝基金属层点焊铜片用作电连接层,可以满足壳体的更高的电连接性的需求。
第三方面,本申请提供一种终端设备,该终端设备包括本申请第一方面各可能实施方式中的壳体或利用本申请第二方面各可能实施方式的制备方法得到的壳体。
本申请的终端设备包括但不限于手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑等。
本申请的终端设备,由于包括本申请各可能实施方式的壳体,因此,在壳体在具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性的情 况下,本申请的终端设备也具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
附图说明
图1为本申请一种实施例的壳体的结构示意图;
图2为本申请一种实施例的镁基金属基体的结构示意图;
图3为本申请一种实施例的笔记本电脑壳体的示意图;
图4为本申请一种实施例的壳体的制备方法流程图;
图5为本申请一种实施例的层状复合板的制备方法流程图;
图6为本申请一种实施例的第一过渡层的制备工艺流程图;
图7为本申请一种实施例的第一过渡层的制备工艺流程图;
图8为本申请一种实施例的第一过渡层的制备工艺流程图;
图9为本申请一种实施例的层状复合材料堆叠过程工艺流程图;
图10为本申请一种实施例的壳体的制备工艺流程图;
图11为本申请一种实施例的层状堆叠的复合材料示意图;
图12为现有技术中的无过渡层镁铝层示意图;
图13A为本申请一种实施例的铜与镁基金属基体结合的示意图;
图13B为本申请一种实施例的铜与铝基金属层结合的示意图;
图14为本申请一种实施例的壳体的制备工艺流程图;
图15为本申请一种实施例的层状堆叠的复合材料示意图。
附图标记:
10-镁基金属基体;10a-第一侧面;10b-第二侧面;20-第一过渡层;30-第一铝基金属层;40-第二过渡层;50-第二铝基金属层;60-外观层;70-电连接层;701-第二铝基金属层50的新鲜表面;701a-部分表面;701b-部分表面;702-导电层。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
以下实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施例的目的,而并非旨在作为对本申请的限制。如在本申请的说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样,单数表达形式“一个”、“一种”、“所述”、“上述”、“该”和“这一”旨在也包括例如“一个或多个”这种表达形式,除非其上下文中明确地有相反指示。
在本说明书中描述的参考“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”等意味着在本申请的一个或多个实施例中包括结合该实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特点。由此,在本说明书中的不同之处出现的语句“在一个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在其他一些实施例中”、“在另外一些实施例中”等不是必然都参考相同的实施例,而是意味着“一个或多个但不是所有的实施例”,除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”及它们的变形都意味着“包括但不限于”,除非是以其他方式另外特别强调。
现有的终端设备的壳体,例如,手机后盖,电脑后盖,手机中框等,可采用镁合金以 达到减重效果。以下列举几种典型镁合金笔记本电脑外壳轻薄本的尺寸、厚度、重量、外观等参数,请参见下表1。
表1典型镁合金外壳笔记本电脑轻薄本的参数
品牌 产品 尺寸/寸 厚度/mm 重量/g 外观
华为 Matebook X 13 13.6 1000 喷漆
NEC LaVie Z 13 14.9 875 喷漆
Acer Swift 5 14 14.9 970 喷漆
LG LG Gram 14Z950 14 13.4 980 喷漆
如上表1所列出的终端产品的参数,采用镁合金外壳的轻薄本的重量较轻,镁合金外壳的表面处理基本是采用喷漆。
镁合金外壳的外观质感、耐磨性、可靠性、电连接、强度和刚性等方面明显低于现有常用铝合金外壳。为了提高镁合金的装饰性,在镁合金表面包覆一层铝合金,制备成镁/铝层状复合板。但是镁铝两金属之间易形成脆性相,导致界面结合强度降低,后续壳体成型容易出现分层等缺陷,镁铝两层复合结构容易因镁铝收缩率不同而造成的内应力和变形问题。此外,单面暴露的镁合金容易与铝合金发生电偶腐蚀,电连接可靠性差。因此,并不能使镁/铝基层状复合材料的壳体具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
为解决上述技术问题,本申请实施例提供一种壳体。示例的,该壳体可作为终端设备的壳体、后盖板等,包括但不限于作为手机后盖、笔记本电脑壳体、平板电脑壳体。
图1为本申请一种实施例的壳体的结构示意图。如图1所示,该壳体包括镁基金属基体10、第一过渡层20、第一铝基金属层30、第二过渡层40、第二铝基金属层50。其中,镁基金属基体10可使得壳体具有重量轻的效果。
图2为本申请一种实施例的镁基金属基体10的结构示意图,如图2所示,在本申请一种实施例中,镁基金属基体10分为第一侧面10a和第二侧面10b。需要说明的是,利用该壳体组装成终端设备后,根据壳体在终端设备中的装配位置,镁基金属基体10的第一侧面10a朝向终端设备的外观面,而镁基金属基体10的第二侧面10b朝向终端设备的内部。其中,终端设备的外观面为使用者从终端设备的外部直接观察到的表面。
继续参照图1和图2,镁基金属基体10的第一侧面10a覆有第一过渡层20,第一过渡层20远离镁基金属基体10的一侧覆有第一铝基金属层30。第一铝基金属层30在电子零部件的对立面,与外部环境接触,为终端设备的外观面,为产品提供装饰。镁基金属基体10的第二侧面10b覆有第二过渡层40,第二过渡层40远离镁基金属基体10的一侧覆有第二铝基金属层50,第二铝基金属层50靠近电子零部件的表面,主要为终端设备提供固定、支撑和电连接点。其中,第一过渡层20与镁基金属基体10之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层20与第一铝基金属层30的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层20可以提高镁基金属基体10与第一铝基金属层30之间的界面结合力,第二过渡层40与镁基金属基体10之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层40与第二铝基金属层50的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第二过渡层40可以提高镁基金属基体10与第二铝基金属层50之间的界面结合力,从而可以提高镁铝复合结构的剪切剥离强度, 使得壳体不易变形。第一铝基金属层30和第二铝基金属层50可以为壳体提供高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、较好的耐腐蚀性。
继续参照图1所示,本申请实施例的壳体,除了可包括上述镁基金属基体10、第一过渡层20、第一铝基金属层30、第二过渡层40、第二铝基金属层50之外,还可以包括外观层60,第一铝基金属层30还可以为外观层60提供铝基体,外观层60可覆盖在第一铝基金属层30远离第一过渡层20的一侧表面,外观层60可为壳体提供高颜值。
在本申请的一种实施例中,外观层60可以为电泳层或喷墨打印层,该电泳层或喷墨打印层可以提高壳体外观的颜值。另外,在本申请的一种实施例中,喷墨打印或电泳工艺形成的外观层60的厚度可在10~60μm之间。
在本申请的另一种实施例中,外观层60为阳极氧化层。另外,在本申请的一种实施例中,阳极氧化形成的外观层的厚度可在5~16μm之间。
在一个示例中,以壳体为如图3所示的笔记本电脑的盖板为例,如图3中(A)图所示的盖板外观面有阳极氧化层,不仅可以具有金属质感,还可以有多种颜色,例如,外观面为粉色,本申请对于外观面的具体颜色不作限定。外观面还可以设计logo,例如为H,本申请对logo的样式、形状和尺寸也不作限制。如图3中(B)图所示为盖板侧边,如图3中(C)图所示为盖板内侧表面,即第二铝基金属层50远离镁基金属基体10的一侧。
该阳极氧化层可满足壳体的高颜值需求,还可以作为防腐层,当将其用作终端设备的外壳时,阳极氧化层可防止外界水气的腐蚀,从而可以对镁基金属基体10和第一铝基金属层30进行防护,提高壳体的耐腐蚀性。
进一步,壳体还可以包括电连接层70,第二铝基金属层50可以为电连接层70提供铝基体,在第二铝基金属层50远离第二过渡层40的一侧表面具有电连接层70,示例的,如图1所示,电连接层70可以包括第二铝基金属层50的新鲜表面701和/或覆盖在第二铝基金属层50表面上的导电层702。电连接层70可为壳体提供良好的电连接性。
在本申请的一种实施例中,电连接层70的材料为第一铝基金属层30的部分新鲜表面、铜片或导电泡棉中的至少一种。当第一铝基金属层30的部分表面作为电连接层70,例如,如图3中(C)图所示的盖板内侧(即第二铝基金属层50远离第二过渡层40的一侧)的部分表面进行CNC工艺或激光镭雕工艺处理,形成部分表面701a和部分表面701b。当电连接层70的材料选自铜片或导电泡棉,可在第二铝基金属层50远离第二过渡层40的一侧的部分表面上采用点焊铜片工艺进行处理或贴敷导电泡棉,形成导电层702,导电层702可以满足壳体的更高的电连接性的需求。另外,在本申请的一种实施例中,电连接层70的厚度可为0.05~3mm。示例的,点焊铜片厚度通常小于或等于1mm,例如,点焊铜片的铜片厚度通常为0.05~0.08mm,贴敷导电泡棉的厚度较大,0.08~3mm。
采用CNC工艺或激光镭雕工艺一般是将第二铝基金属层50表面去除一层,其中,采用CNC工艺去除的一层厚度为0.1-1mm,采用镭雕工艺去除的一层厚度约为0.05mm。
在具体实施中,若对电连接层70的导电性要求比较低,例如用于接地,电连接层70的材料可选择第一铝基金属层30的部分表面。若对电连接层70的导电性要求比较高,电连接层70的材料可选择铜片或导电泡棉。
在本申请的一种实施例中,镁基金属基体10为壳体提供轻质镁基体材料,可为壳体减重,在选择镁基金属基体10的材料时,可以选择可压力加工的变形镁合金,包括但不限于镁-铝系合金、镁-锌系合金或镁-锂系合金中的至少一种。
作为示例性说明,镁-铝镁合金例如型号可以为AZ31B、AZ61、AZ80、AZ91D等,镁-锌系镁合金例如型号可以为ZM21等。
在本申请的一种实施例中,以壳体的厚度为T为例,镁基金属基体10的厚度T4大于0.25T且小于或等于0.95T,T为正数。当镁基金属基体10在壳体的厚度所占的比例为0.25至0.95,可以平衡减重、强度和成本,使壳体满足不同的场景需求。
在本申请的一种实施例中,第一铝基金属层30为外观层60提供铝基体,在选择第一铝基金属层30的材料时,可以选择可阳极氧化的含铝金属,包括但不限于1系铝合金至7系铝合金中的至少一种。
可选的,第一铝基金属层30的材料选自5系铝合金或6系铝合金中的至少一种。作为示例性说明,5系铝合金例如型号可以为5252、5052等,6系铝合金例如型号可以为6013。
在本申请的一种实施例中,第二铝基金属层50为电连接层70提供铝基体,可以避免直接在镁基金属基体上进行电连接发生电偶腐蚀。在选择第二铝基金属层50的材料时,可以选择可塑性加工变形的含铝金属,包括但不限于1系铝合金至8系铝合金中的至少一种。可选的,第二铝基金属层50的材料选自5系铝合金或6系铝合金中的至少一种。
在本申请的一种实施例中,以壳体的厚度为T为例,第一铝基金属层30的厚度T2与第二铝基金属层50的厚度T6之和大于或等于0.05T且小于或等于0.75T。当第一铝基金属层30的厚度与第二铝基金属层50的厚度之和在壳体的厚度所占的比例为0.05至0.75,可以在满足重量轻的需求的基础上,从整体上提高壳体的强度。
在本申请的一种实施例中,第一铝基金属层30的厚度T2大于或等于第二铝基金属层50的厚度T6。第一铝基金属层30的厚度T2更大,可以为制作外观层60提供厚度更大的铝基体,从而满足各种高颜值外观的制作需求,例如,可以在第一铝基金属层30上制作高光C角的效果。
应理解,在本申请的其它一些实施例中,第一铝基金属层30的厚度T2也可以小于第二铝基金属层50的厚度T6。
在本申请的一种实施例中,在选择第一过渡层20的材料时,可以选择能够提高镁铝复合结构界面结合力的材料,包括但不限于纯铜、铜合金、纯钛、钛合金、纯镍、镍合金、纯钴、钴合金、纯钽、钽合金、纯锌、锌合金、纯银、银合金中的至少一种。作为示例性说明,铜合金例如型号可以为T1、T2、TP1、TP2、TU1、TU2,钛合金例如型号可以为TA1、TA2,镍合金例如型号可以为N2、N4、N5、N6、N7、N8,钴合金例如型号可以为L-605、HA-188,钽合金例如型号可以为Ta10W、Ta2.5W、Ta-40Nb锌合金例如型号可以为ZZnAl4Cu1Mg、ZZnAl4Cu3,银合金例如型号可以为AgCe0.5、AgCu5、AgCu4NiRe。
由于壳体中的第一铝基金属层30与镁基金属基体10之间有第一过渡层20,例如,铝合金与镁合金直接复合得到的层状复合结构的剪切剥离强度一般不超过20MPa,而本申请实施例中,第一铝基金属层30、第一过渡层20与镁基金属基体10复合后的剪切剥离强度大于或等于30MPa,可以提高壳体的剪切剥离强度。在本申请的一种实施例中,第一过渡层20的厚度T3大于0且小于或等于0.2T。
在本申请的一种实施例中,在选择第二过渡层40的材料时,可以选择能够提高镁铝复合结构结合力的材料,包括但不限于纯铜、铜合金、纯钛、钛合金、纯镍、镍合金、纯钴、钴合金、纯钽、钽合金、纯锌、锌合金、纯银、银合金中的至少一种。
作为示例性说明,铜合金例如型号可以为T1、T2、TP1、TP2、TU1、TU2,钛合金例 如型号可以为TA1、TA2,镍合金例如型号可以为N2、N4、N5、N6、N7、N8,钴合金例如型号可以为L-605、HA-188,钽合金例如型号可以为Ta10W、Ta2.5W、Ta-40Nb,锌合金例如型号可以为ZZnAl4Cu1Mg、ZZnAl4Cu3,银合金例如型号可以为AgCe0.5、AgCu5、AgCu4NiRe。
由于壳体中的第二铝基金属层50与镁基金属基体10之间设置有第二过渡层40,可以提高壳体的剪切剥离强度,示例的,第二铝基金属层50、第二过渡层40与镁基金属基体10复合后的剪切剥离强度大于或等于30MPa。在本申请的一种实施例中,第二过渡层40的厚度T5大于0且小于或等于0.2T。
在本申请的一种实施例中,第一过渡层20的材料与第二过渡层40的材料可以选择不同的材料,也可以选择同一材料。相比较于第一过渡层20与第二过渡层40使用不同材料,采用同一种材料可以简化工艺流程。
由此,本申请的壳体,镁基金属基体10可使得壳体具有重量轻的效果,第一过渡层20覆于镁基金属基体10的第一侧面,第一过渡层20远离镁基金属基体10的一侧覆有第一铝基金属层30,第一过渡层20与镁基金属基体10之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层20与第一铝基金属层30的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层可以提高镁基金属基体10与第一铝基金属层30之间的界面结合力,使得壳体不易变形。镁基金属基体10的第二侧面覆有第二过渡层40,第二过渡层40远离镁基金属基体10的一侧覆有第二铝基金属层50,第二过渡层40与镁基金属基体10之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层40与第二铝基金属层50的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第二过渡层40可以提高镁基金属基体10与第二铝基金属层50复合的界面结合力,使得壳体不易变形。第一铝基金属层30和第二铝基金属层50可以为壳体提供高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、较好的耐腐蚀性。此外,第一铝基金属层30可以为外观层60提供铝基体,外观层60可为壳体提供高颜值,第二铝基金属层50可以为电连接层70提供铝基体,电连接层70可为壳体提供良好的电连接性。由此,本申请的壳体,能够实现在具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
基于同样的技术构思,本申请实施例还提供一种壳体的制备方法,如图4所示,该制备方法包括以下步骤:
S11,对层状复合板进行成型加工,形成成型后的复合板。其中,层状复合板包括镁基金属基体,镁基金属基体的第一侧面设置有第一过渡层,第一过渡层远离镁基金属基体的一侧设置有第一铝基金属层,镁基金属基体的第二侧面设置有第二过渡层,第二过渡层远离镁基金属基体的一侧设置有第二铝基金属层。
其中,第一过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层之间的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,第一剪切剥离强度为铝镁复合材料中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属间的剪切剥离强度;第二过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度。
作为示例说明,上述S11中的成型加工可以包括但不限于薄板冲压成型,厚板锻压与CNC成型,厚板全CNC成型至少一种。
S12,对成型后的复合板进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层。
在一种可能的实现方式中,对成型后的复合板的第一铝基金属层一侧进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层。
在本申请的一种实施例中,对成型后的复合板一侧进行阳极氧化处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成阳极氧化层。通过上述阳极氧化处理,可使得壳体的外观满足高颜值需求,还可以提高壳体的耐腐蚀性。
在本申请的另一种实施例中,对成型后的复合板进行电泳处理或喷墨打印处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层。
S13,对成型后的复合板的第二铝基金属层一侧进行加工,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层。
在本申请的一种实施例中,对成型后的复合板进行CNC工艺、激光镭雕工艺、点焊铜片工艺、或贴敷附导电泡棉中的至少一种,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层。其中,第一铝基金属层的部分机加工(CNC)或者镭雕表面作为电连接层,可以满足壳体的电连接性的需求,第一铝基金属层点焊铜片用作电连接层,可以满足壳体的更高的电连接性的需求。
在本申请的一种实施例中,层状复合板可采用如下方法进行制备:采用轧制工艺、锻压工艺、挤压工艺、扩散焊工艺中的至少一种,对按以下顺序堆叠的:第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层进行层状复合,形成层状复合板。
在本申请的一种实施例中,如图5所示,制备层状复合板的过程如下:
S111,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第一侧面形成第一过渡层。
示例的,在S111之前,可以先对第一铝基金属层、镁基金属基体、以及过渡金属片材进行处理,例如,进行表面砂纸打磨处理,去除表层的氧化物层,进行超声波清洗后风干。
其中,S111可以通过以下任一种方式实现:
方式A1,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面形成第一过渡层。
示例性的,以需要制备的壳体中第一过渡层的厚度为T3,可以在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面形成厚度为T3的第一过渡层。
方式A2,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在镁基金属基体的第一侧面形成第一过渡层。
示例性的,以需要制备的壳体中第一过渡层的厚度为T3,可以在镁基金属基体的第一侧面形成厚度为T3的第一过渡层。
方式A3,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面、以及镁基金属基体的第一侧面上形成第一过渡层。
示例性的,以需要制备的壳体中第一过渡层的厚度为T3,可以在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面形成厚度为x1的第一过渡层,在镁基金属基体的第一侧面上形成厚度为y1的第一过渡层,x1与y1之和等于T3,其中,x1与y1均为正数,本申请对x1与y1之间的大小关系不做限制,x1可以大于y1,也可以等于y1,也可以小于y1。
S112,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在第二铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第二侧面形成第二过渡层。
其中,S112可以通过以下任一种方式实现:
方式B1,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在第二铝基金属层的一侧表面形成第二过渡层。
示例性的,以需要制备的壳体中第二过渡层的厚度为T5,可以在第二铝基金属层的一侧表面形成厚度为T5的第二过渡层。
方式B2,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在镁基金属基体的第二侧面形成第二过渡层。
示例性的,以需要制备的壳体中第二过渡层的厚度为T5,可以在镁基金属基体的第二侧面形成厚度为T5的第二过渡层。
方式B3,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在第二铝基金属层的一侧表面、以及镁基金属基体的第二侧面形成第二过渡层。
示例性的,以需要制备的壳体中第二过渡层的厚度为T5,可以在第二铝基金属层的一侧表面形成厚度为x2的第二过渡层,在镁基金属基体的第二侧面上形成厚度为y2的第二过渡层,x2与y2之和等于T5,其中,x2与y2均为正数,本申请对x2与y2之间的大小关系不做限制,x2可以大于y2,也可以等于y2,也可以小于y2。
S113,堆叠设置第一铝基金属层、镁基金属基体、以及第二铝基金属层,形成按顺序堆叠的第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层。
在堆叠设置第一铝基金属层与镁基金属基体时,可以采用上述方式A1、方式A2、方式A3中的任一种方式形成的第一过渡层,与第一铝基金属层和/或镁基金属基体堆叠,以下分别进行说明。
在一个示例中,以采用上述方式A1形成的第一过渡层为例,如图6所示,在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面形成第一过渡层,将第一铝基金属层的表面形成有第一过渡层的一侧堆叠在镁基金属基体的第一侧面上。
在另一个示例中,以采用上述方式A2形成的第一过渡层为例,如图7所示,在镁基金属基体的第一侧面形成第一过渡层,将第一铝基金属层形成有第一过渡层的一侧堆叠在镁基金属基体的第一侧面上。
在又一个示例中,以采用上述方式A3形成的第一过渡层为例,如图8所示,在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面形成一部分第一过渡层,在镁基金属基体的第一侧面形成另一部分第一过渡层,将第一铝基金属层形成有一部分第一过渡层堆叠在镁基金属基体形成有第一过渡层的第一侧面上。
基于同一构思,在堆叠设置镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层时,可以采用上述方式B1、方式B2、方式B3中的任一种方式形成的第二过渡层,与第一铝基金属层和/或镁基金属基体堆叠,具体实现方式可参见堆叠设置第一铝基金属层与镁基金属基体的相关内容,此处不再赘述。
以堆叠设置镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层采用上述方式A1形成第一过渡层,堆叠设置镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层采用上述方式B3形成第二过渡层为例,示例性说明S113的堆叠过程:
如图9所示,在第一铝基金属层的一侧表面形成第一过渡层,在第二铝基金属层的一 侧表面形成一部分第二过渡层,在镁基金属基体的第二侧面上形成另一部分第二过渡层,然后,将第一铝基金属层的表面形成有第一过渡层的一侧堆叠在镁基金属基体的第一侧面上,然后将堆叠设置的第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、以及镁基金属基体,堆叠在形成有一部分第二过渡层的第二铝基金属层。为了达到固定的效果,可以采用铆接固定的方式固定上述按顺序堆叠的第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层。
通过采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,可以使得第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第一侧面之间具有较高的结合强度,也可以使得第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或镁基金属基体的第二侧面之间具有较高的结合强度。
S114,采用轧制工艺、锻压工艺、挤压工艺、扩散焊工艺中的至少一种,对按顺序堆叠的第一铝基金属层、第一过渡层、镁基金属基体、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层进行层状复合,形成层状复合板。
下面将结合不同实施例对本申请的壳体的制备过程进行说明。
实施例一
在本申请的一种实施例中,如图10所示,以制备厚度为0.8mm的壳体为例,壳体的制备工艺过程如下:
S201,预制过渡层1和过渡层2:过渡层1的材料和过渡层2的材料可选择纯Cu箔片,对Cu箔片进行分条裁剪。以下实施例中,铜可理解为纯铜。
作为示例性说明,对Cu箔片分条、剪切获得厚度为0.04mm,尺寸为0.04mm*250mm*300mm的Cu箔片,其尺寸与镁合金层(AZ31B)相同,板形平整,表面干净无脂类、脏污等污染。
S202,如图11所示,按顺序对铝合金层2(5252)、过渡层2(铜箔)、镁合金层(AZ31B)、过渡层1(铜箔)、铝合金层1(5252)进行层状堆叠。
作为示例性说明,对镁合金片材(厚度为1.2mm,尺寸为1.2mm*250mm*300mm)、铝合金片材(厚度为0.2mm,尺寸为0.2mm*250mm*300mm)以及Cu箔片(厚度为0.04mm,尺寸为0.04mm*250mm*300mm)进行表面砂纸打磨处理,去除表层的氧化物层,然后进行超声波清洗,之后风干。
其次,按照层状复合结构从下至上堆叠整齐:铝合金层2、过渡层2、镁合金层、过渡层1、铝合金层1,堆叠后的整体厚度1.6mm,然后对堆叠后的层状复合结构进行铆接固定。
S203,采用轧制工艺对层状堆叠的铝合金层2(5252)、过渡层2(铜箔)、镁合金层(AZ31B)、过渡层1(铜箔)、铝合金层1(5252)进行层状复合,形成层状复合板。
作为示例性说明,层状堆叠的铝合金层2(5252)、过渡层2(铜箔)、镁合金层(AZ31B)、过渡层1(铜箔)、铝合金层1(5252)在加热温度380±10℃内经过加热时间90±10min,并经过多道次热轧至目标厚度0.8mm,总变形量50%。
S204,对层状复合板进行成型加工,形成成型后的复合板。
作为示例性说明,层状复合板经过裁切后冲压,成型为PC壳体形状。
S205,对成型后的复合板进行表面处理,在铝合金层1(5252)远离过渡层1的一侧 形成阳极氧化层。
应理解,在S205中,只要保证对成型后的复合板进行阳极氧化处理时,在铝合金层1(5252)远离过渡层1的一侧形成阳极氧化层即可,在对成型后的复合板进行阳极氧化处理时,在铝合金层2(5252)远离过渡层2的一侧也可能形成阳极氧化层,在铝合金层2(5252)远离过渡层2的一侧是否形成阳极氧化层,并不会影响后续步骤,即使在铝合金层2(5252)远离过渡层2的一侧形成了阳极氧化层,在S206中对铝合金层2(5252)远离过渡层2一侧的阳极氧化层表面进行加工,形成电连接层即可。
S206,对成型后的复合板铝合金层2(5252)的一侧进行加工,在铝合金层2远离过渡层2的一侧形成电连接层:采用激光镭雕工艺制作的5252的表面和点焊铜片。
利用本申请的制备方法得到的壳体,其壳体结构信息如下表2所示。整体厚度约0.8mm,综合密度2.3g/cm,其7层结构,中间厚度为0.6mm厚的AZ31B镁合金基体起减重作用,表面0.1mm的5252起到阳极氧化基底作用,底层厚度为0.1mm的5252为电连接提供基底。外观装饰和电连接可靠性提高,同时上下表面的铝合金起到隔绝镁合金直接与外界接触,提高镁基体的耐腐蚀性能。现有技术中,无过渡层的镁层-铝层两金属间会生成如图12所示大量脆性第二相,而本申请实施例一制备的壳体,铜作为AZ31B和5252的中间过渡层,无大量脆性第二相生成,如图13A所示,铜与AZ31B镁合金之间无大量第二相生成,如图13B所示,铜与5252铝合金之间也无大量第二相生成,镁-铜-铝三相复合的界面结合力提高,剪切强度由15MPa左右提高到40MPa。
表2金属壳体结构信息
Figure PCTCN2022091242-appb-000001
实施例二
在本申请的一种实施例中,如图14所示,以制备厚度为6.0mm的壳体,镁基金属基体为镁合金AZ80为例,以下实施例中,镍可理解为纯镍。壳体的制备工艺过程如下:
S301,预制过渡层1和过渡层2:过渡层1的材料和过渡层2的材料可选择镍(Ni),通过电镀的方式在镁合金层(AZ80)的正反两面镀上一层0.05mm的Ni层。此处,正反两面为第一侧面和第二侧面。若正面为第一侧面,则反面为第二侧面;若反面为第一侧面,则正面为第二侧面。
作为示例性说明,镁合金层(AZ80)厚度为5mm,尺寸为5*230*280mm 3,板形平整,表面干净无脂类、脏污等污染。
S302,如图15所示,按顺序对铝合金层2(6061)、过渡层2(Ni)、镁合金层(AZ80)、过渡层1(Ni)、铝合金层1(6013)进行层状堆叠。
作为示例性说明,对铝合金片材(厚度为0.6mm,尺寸为0.6*230*280mm 3)、镁合金片材(厚度为5mm,尺寸为5*230*280mm 3)、铝合金片材(厚度为0.4mm,尺寸为 0.4*230*280mm 3)以及Ni片材进行表面砂纸打磨处理,去除表层的氧化物层,然后进行超声波清洗,之后风干。
按照复合壳体结构:
其次,按照层状复合结构从下至上堆叠整齐:铝合金层2(6061)、过渡层2(Ni)、镁合金层(AZ80)、过渡层1(Ni)、铝合金层1(6013),从下至上堆叠整齐、严实,堆叠后的整体厚度6mm。然后对堆叠后的层状复合结构进行铆接固定。
S303,采用热压成型工艺对层状堆叠的铝合金层2(6061)、过渡层2(Ni)、镁合金层(AZ80)、过渡层1(Ni)、铝合金层1(6013)进行层状复合,形成层状复合板。
作为示例性说明,层状堆叠的铝合金层2(6061)、过渡层2(Ni)、镁合金层(AZ80)、过渡层1(Ni)、铝合金层1(6013)加热温度350±10℃内经过加热时间120±10min,热压成型,成型压力100±10MPa,热压时间3±1min。
S304,对层状复合板进行CNC成型加工,形成成型后的复合板。
作为示例性说明,层状复合板经过裁切后冲压,成型为PC壳体。
S305,对成型后的复合板进行电泳,在铝合金层1(6013)远离第一过渡层的一侧形成电泳层。
此处,与上述S205类似,S305中只要保证对成型后的复合板进行电泳,在铝合金层1(6013)远离第一过渡层的一侧形成电泳层即可。而对成型后的复合板进行电泳时,也可能在铝合金层2(6061)远离过渡层2的表面形成电泳层,这也不影响S306,即使在铝合金层2(6061)远离过渡层2的表面形成了电泳层,在S306中,对成型后的复合板的铝合金层2的一侧电泳层表面进行加工,形成电连接层即可。
S306,对成型后的复合板的铝合金层2一侧表面进行加工,在铝合金层2远离第二过渡层的一侧形成电连接层:采用激光镭雕工艺制作的6061的表面、点焊铜片和贴附导电泡棉。
利用本申请的制备方法得到的壳体,其壳体结构信息如下表3所示。整体厚度约6.0mm,综合密度2.06g/cm 3,其7层结构,中间的厚度为5mm的镁合金层AZ80起减重作用,表面0.6mm的6013起到电泳基底作用,底层和0.4mm的6061为电连接提供基底。Ni通过在镁合金基材AZ80两面直接电镀上去,作为AZ80和铝合金(6013/6061)的中间过渡层,无大量脆性第二相生成,镁合金层-过渡层-铝基金属层复合界面结合力提高,剪切强度由15MPa左右提高到50MPa。
表3金属壳体结构信息
Figure PCTCN2022091242-appb-000002
基于上述任一实施例,利用本申请的制备方法得到的壳体,包括镁基金属基体、第一 过渡层、第一铝基金属层、外观层、第二过渡层、第二铝基金属层、以及电连接层。其与现有的铝合金壳体、现有的镁合金壳体相比较的结果如下表4所示。
表4本申请的制备方法得到的壳体与现有的壳体的比较结果
Figure PCTCN2022091242-appb-000003
其中,镁基金属基体可使得壳体具有重量轻的效果,第一过渡层覆于镁基金属基体的第一侧面,第一过渡层远离镁基金属基体的一侧覆有第一铝基金属层,第一过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的结合力、以及第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度、以及第一过渡层与第一铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层,可以提高镁基金属基体与第一铝基金属层复合的结合力,使得壳体不易变形。镁基金属基体的第二侧面覆有第二过渡层,第二过渡层远离镁基金属基体的一侧覆有第二铝基金属层,第二过渡层与镁基金属基体之间的剪切剥离强度、以及第二过渡层与第二铝基金属层的剪切剥离强度均大于第一剪切剥离强度,相较于现有技术中镁基金属与铝基金属两金属直接结合的铝镁复合材料来说,本申请方案通过第一过渡层可以提高镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层复合的界面结合力,使得壳体不易变形。第一铝基金属层和第二铝基金属层可以为壳体提供高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性。此外,第一铝基金属层可以为外观层提供铝基体,外观层可为壳体提供高颜值,第二铝基金属层可以为电连接层提供铝基体,电连接层可为壳体提供良好的电连接性。由此,本申请的壳体,能够实现在具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
基于同样的技术构思,本申请实施例还提供一种终端设备,该终端设备例如可以为手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑或显示屏等。该终端设备包括上述实施例中各可能实施方式中的壳体或利用本申请上述实施例中的制备方法得到的壳体。
本申请的终端设备,由于包括本申请各可能实施方式的壳体,因此,在壳体在具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性的情况下,本申请的终端设备也具有重量轻、高颜值、高耐磨性、高可靠性、高强度、高刚性、良好的耐腐蚀性和电连接性。
以上,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本 技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种壳体,其特征在于,包括镁基金属基体,所述镁基金属基体的两侧分别设置有第一铝基金属层和第二铝基金属层,所述镁基金属基体与所述第一铝基金属层之间设置有第一过渡层,所述第一铝基金属层远离所述第一过渡层的一侧表面设置有外观层,所述镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层之间设置有第二过渡层,所述第二铝基金属层远离所述第二过渡层的一侧表面具有电连接层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述外观层包括阳极氧化层、电泳层、喷墨打印层中的任一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的壳体,其特征在于,镁基金属基体的材料选自可压力加工的变形镁合金。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述第一过渡层的材料选自纯铜、铜合金、纯钛、钛合金、纯镍、镍合金、纯钴、钴合金、纯钽、钽合金、纯锌、锌合金、纯银、银合金中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述第二过渡层的材料选自纯铜、铜合金、纯钛、钛合金、纯镍、镍合金、纯钴、钴合金、纯钽、钽合金、纯锌、锌合金、纯银、银合金中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述第一过渡层的材料与所述第二过渡层的材料为同一材料。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述第一铝基金属层的材料选自1系铝合金、5系铝合金、6系铝合金和7系铝合金中的至少一种。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述第二铝基金属层的材料选自1系铝合金至8系铝合金中的至少一种。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述壳体的厚度为T,所述镁基金属基体的厚度大于0.25T且小于或等于0.95T,所述T为正数。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述壳体的厚度为T,所述第一铝基金属层的厚度与所述第二铝基金属层的厚度之和大于或等于0.05T且小于或等于0.75T。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述第一铝基金属层的厚度大于或等于所述第二铝基金属层的厚度。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述壳体的厚度为T,所述第一过渡层的厚度大于0且小于或等于0.2T。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述壳体的厚度为T,所述第二过渡层的厚度大于0且小于或等于0.2T。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述外观层的厚度为5~60μm。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述电连接层的材料为所述第一铝基金属层的部分计算机数字化控制CNC加工或镭雕表面、铜片或导电泡棉中的至少一种。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的壳体,其特征在于,所述电连接层的厚度为0.05~3mm。
  17. 一种壳体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    对层状复合板进行成型加工,形成成型后的复合板;其中,所述层状复合板包括镁基金属基体,所述镁基金属基体的两侧分别设置有第一铝基金属层和第二铝基金属层,所述镁基金属基体与所述第一铝基金属层之间设置有第一过渡层,所述镁基金属基体与第二铝基金属层之间设置有第二过渡层;
    对所述成型后的复合板进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层;
    对所述成型后的复合板进行加工,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的制备方法,其特征在于,采用轧制工艺、锻压工艺、挤压工艺、扩散焊工艺中的至少一种,对按顺序堆叠的所述第一铝基金属层、所述第一过渡层、所述镁基金属基体、所述第二过渡层、所述第二铝基金属层进行层状复合,形成所述层状复合板。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的制备方法,其特征在于,采用化学镀、电镀、热喷涂、离子镀、扩散焊中的至少一种,在所述第一铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或所述镁基金属基体的第一侧面形成第一过渡层,以及在所述第二铝基金属层的一侧表面和/或所述镁基金属基体的第二侧面形成第二过渡层;堆叠设置所述第一铝基金属层、所述镁基金属基体、以及所述第二铝基金属层,形成按顺序堆叠的所述第一铝基金属层、所述第一过渡层、所述镁基金属基体、所述第二过渡层、所述第二铝基金属层。
  20. 根据权利要求17-19任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述对所述成型后的复合板进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层,包括:
    对所述成型后的复合板进行阳极氧化处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成阳极氧化层。
  21. 根据权利要求17-19任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述对所述成型后的复合板进行表面处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层,包括:
    对所述成型后的复合板进行电泳处理或喷墨打印处理,以在第一铝基金属层表面形成外观层。
  22. 根据权利要求17-21任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述对所述成型后的复合板进行加工,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层,包括:
    对所述成型后的复合板进行计算机数字化控制CNC加工、激光镭雕、点焊铜片、或贴敷附导电泡棉中的至少一种,以在第二铝基金属层表面形成电连接层。
  23. 一种终端设备,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-16任一项所述的壳体或利用权利要求17-22任一项所述的制备方法得到的壳体。
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