WO2022245083A1 - 이차전지용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 - Google Patents
이차전지용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022245083A1 WO2022245083A1 PCT/KR2022/006992 KR2022006992W WO2022245083A1 WO 2022245083 A1 WO2022245083 A1 WO 2022245083A1 KR 2022006992 W KR2022006992 W KR 2022006992W WO 2022245083 A1 WO2022245083 A1 WO 2022245083A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/426—Fluorocarbon polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
- H01M50/461—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes with adhesive layers between electrodes and separators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- It relates to a separator for a secondary battery and a secondary battery including the same.
- lithium batteries In order to meet the miniaturization and high performance of various devices, miniaturization and weight reduction of lithium batteries are becoming important. In addition, the discharge capacity, energy density, and cycle characteristics of lithium batteries are becoming important in order to be applied to fields such as electric vehicles. In order to meet the above usage, a lithium battery having high discharge capacity per unit volume, high energy density, high capacity, and excellent life characteristics and safety is required.
- a separator is disposed between an anode and a cathode to prevent a short circuit.
- An electrode assembly including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is wound to have a jelly roll shape, and the jelly roll is rolled to improve adhesion between the positive electrode/negative electrode and the separator in the electrode assembly.
- One aspect is to provide a separator for a secondary battery having improved adhesion and shape stability.
- Another aspect is to provide a secondary battery having excellent capacity and lifespan characteristics and improved safety, including the above-described separator.
- Separator for secondary batteries is provided .
- a secondary battery including an anode, a cathode, and the above-described separator interposed therebetween is provided.
- the adhesion between the post-separator and the electrode is excellent, so the shape deformation of the battery does not occur.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a separator of a lithium battery according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery according to an embodiment.
- separator 20 porous substrate
- a lithium secondary battery generally places a separator between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and undergoes a heat press process at a constant temperature and pressure.
- a heat press process By this hot press process, the adhesive force between the positive electrode and the separator interface and the negative electrode and separator interface increases to hold the shape of the battery. and high-rate charge and discharge characteristics, as well as being a fundamental cause of deterioration in the safety of the battery, there is a need to improve this.
- the inventors of the present invention include a porous substrate, an inorganic material layer located on at least one surface of the porous substrate, and an adhesive layer located on the inorganic material layer, wherein the adhesive layer includes a fluorine-based resin, a polyacrylic acid compound, and nitrogen.
- the invention on a separator for a secondary battery containing a compound was completed.
- Nitrogen-containing compounds are, for example, polyalkylenimine, melamine, aminomethylpentanol, aminobutanamide, cyclohexeneimine (7-AZA-Bicyclo[4.1.0]Heptane), benzylamine, methylethylpentylamine , triethyleneamine or combinations thereof.
- polyalkylene amine include polyethylene amine and polypropylene imine.
- the adhesive layer according to one embodiment contains a (meth)acrylic polymer and a nitrogen-containing compound at the same time, so it has excellent adhesion to the inorganic material layer and more strongly controls the binding force between the electrode and the separator, so that there is no abnormal behavior such as expansion of the cell during charging and discharging.
- a lithium secondary battery having stable cell performance can be manufactured.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid-based compound is 50,000 to 500,000, for example, 150,000 to 450,000, for example, 300,000 to 450,000.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylic polymer is within the above range, the adhesive strength of the separator is improved.
- polyacrylic acid compound examples include polyacrylic acid, polymethylacrylic acid, polyethylacrylic acid, polybutylacrylic acid, polyhexylacrylic acid, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylic acid, polyaminoacrylic acid, or combinations thereof.
- the secondary battery is, for example, a lithium secondary battery.
- a porous substrate 20 and inorganic material layers 30 positioned on both sides of the porous substrate 20 are disposed.
- the inorganic material layer 30 is positioned on both sides of the porous substrate 20, but the inorganic material layer 30 may be disposed on one side of the porous substrate.
- An adhesive layer 40 is disposed on the inorganic material layer 30 .
- the adhesive layer contains a fluorine-based resin, a polyacrylic acid-based compound, and a nitrogen-containing compound.
- the content of the nitrogen-containing compound in the adhesive layer 40 is 1 to 5 parts by weight or 1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the adhesive layer.
- the content of the nitrogen-containing compound is within the above range, the binding force between the electrode and the separator can be more strongly and effectively controlled.
- the fluorine-based resin serves as a binder to fix the inorganic particles on the porous substrate, and at the same time, adheres well to the porous substrate on one side of the adhesive layer and to the electrode on the other side. Provides excellent adhesion.
- the average particle diameter of the fluorine-based resin as a binder is 100 to 300 nm. When the fluorine-based resin has the above average particle diameter, the adhesion of the adhesive layer to the porous substrate is very excellent. Even when the separator is exposed to high temperatures, the binder can maintain the matrix form of the network structure due to its high heat resistance.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) value of the fluorine-based resin is 50 ° C. or more, and the weight average molecular weight is 200,000 to 3,000,000 g / mol, 200,000 to 2,000,000 g / mol, or 300,000 to 1,200,000 g / mol.
- the weight average molecular weight may be the average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured using gel permeation chromatography.
- the separator may have excellent adhesive strength.
- Fluorine-based resins include, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-trichloroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene a fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-acrylic acid copolymer or a combination thereof.
- the vinylidene fluoride repeating unit may be included in an amount of 90 mol% to 99.5 mol%, 93 mol% to 99 mol%, or 95 mol% to 99 mol%.
- the vinylidene fluoride repeating unit is included in the above range, the vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer can secure excellent adhesion and electrolyte impregnability.
- the crystallinity of the fluorine-based resin may be 35% to 45%, for example, 38% to 45%, or 40% to 45%.
- a separator having adhesive strength containing a fluorine-based resin having such crystallinity exhibits excellent adhesive strength to a substrate.
- the content of the fluorine-based resin according to one embodiment is 92 to 96 parts by weight based on the total weight of the adhesive layer.
- the content of the polyacrylic acid-based compound is 1 to 3 parts by weight based on the total weight of the adhesive layer.
- the separation membrane 10 may exhibit excellent heat resistance, stability and adhesion by including the adhesive layer 30 containing the aforementioned fluorine-based resin, polyacrylic acid-based compound, and nitrogen-containing compound.
- the adhesive layer 40 has a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, 0.01 ⁇ m to 4 ⁇ m, or 0.04 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the adhesive force is within the above range, excellent adhesive force is exhibited. The thickness of the adhesive layer is measured using a film thickness meter.
- the adhesive layer may further include other binders.
- the adhesive layer may further include a (meth)acrylic binder.
- the (meth)acrylic binder is polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polybutylacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, or a combination thereof.
- the mixing weight ratio of the nitrogen-containing compound and the (meth)acrylic binder may be controlled at a weight ratio of 0.01:1 to 1:1, or 0.25:1 to 0.75:1.
- the adhesive layer is, for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene oxide, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butylate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinyl alcohol, cyano At least one selected from the group consisting of ethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl sucrose, pullulan, carboxyl methyl cellulose, and acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer may be further included.
- the adhesive layer 40 of the separator is applied on the inorganic material layer.
- the inorganic particles contained in the inorganic layer are not particularly limited, and inorganic particles commonly used in the art may be used.
- Specific examples of inorganic particles usable in the present invention include Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Ga 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , SnO 2 , boehmite, BaSO 4 , MgO, Mg(OH) 2 , clay, ZnO, CaO, CeO 2 , NiO, GaO, ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , SrTiO 3 and BaTiO 3 and the like. These can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more types. More specifically, Al 2 O 3 (alumina) may be used.
- the size of the inorganic particles is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 2 to 15 ⁇ m, or 3 to 12 ⁇ m.
- size indicates the average particle diameter when the particles are spherical, and indicates the major axis length when the particles are non-spherical.
- Average particle diameter means D50 by volume.
- the average particle diameter is measured using, for example, a measuring device of a laser diffraction method or a dynamic light scattering method.
- the average particle size is measured using, for example, a laser scattering particle size distribution analyzer (e.g., Horiba LA-920), and is the value of the median particle size (D50) when accumulated by 50% from the small particle side in terms of volume. .
- the inorganic particles having the above-described size it is possible to prevent deterioration of dispersibility and coating processability of the inorganic particles in the inorganic layer, and the thickness of the inorganic layer is appropriately adjusted to increase mechanical properties.
- the size of the pores formed in the separator is appropriately controlled to lower the possibility of internal short circuit during charging and discharging of the battery.
- the amount of inorganic particles is 50 to 95 parts by weight, 60 to 95 parts by weight, or 75 to 95 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the dried inorganic material layer.
- the content of the inorganic particles is within the above range, thermal contraction of the separator can be effectively suppressed.
- the inorganic particles are contained within the above range, heat dissipation characteristics of the inorganic particles can be sufficiently exhibited and thermal contraction of the separator can be effectively suppressed.
- the inorganic material layer 30 constituting the separation membrane 10 is a heat-resistant layer, and the adhesion to the substrate is improved without deterioration in shrinkage and breakage characteristics at high temperatures.
- the inorganic material layer 30 has a thickness of 0.01 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, or 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
- the inorganic material layer 30 contains inorganic particles and a crosslinkable binder.
- the cross-linkable binder refers to a material capable of generating a cross-linked structure binder by causing a cross-linking reaction.
- the crosslinkable binder may be selected from monomers, oligomers, polymers, or mixtures thereof having one or more crosslinkable functional groups.
- the monomer, oligomer or polymer having at least one functional group has at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of, for example, an acrylate group, a vinyl group, a hydroxyl group, an epoxy group, an oxane group, an oxetane group, an ester group, and an isocyanate group.
- the functional group is 2 or more, 3 or more. or 4 or more.
- crosslinkable binder examples include alkyl (meth)acrylates such as methyl methacrylate and methyl acrylate; Ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, di(meth)acrylate of polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene copolymer ) bifunctional (meth)acrylates such as acrylate, butanediol di(meth)acrylate, and hexamethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate; Tri(meth)acrylate of trimethylol propane, tri(meth)acrylate of glycerin, tri(meth)acrylate of ethylene oxide adduct of glycerin, tri(meth)acrylate of propylene oxide adduct of glycerin, ethylene oxide of glycerin , trifunctional (meth)acrylates such as tri(meth)acrylate
- Crosslinkable binders include, for example, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, vinylimidazole, vinylmethylacetamide, ethylvinylether, propylvinylether, butylvinylether, pentylvinylether, hexylvinylether , heptyl vinyl ether, octyl vinyl ether, nonyl vinyl ether, decyl vinyl ether, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, ethylhexyl vinyl ether, dodecyl vinyl ether, octadecyl vinyl ether and the like.
- crosslinkable binder examples include biphenol, bisphenol A, methanediol, ethanediol, propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, heptanediol, octanediol, nonanediol, decanediol, and the like.
- Examples of monomers, oligomers or polymers having one or more epoxy groups include diepoxyethane, diepoxypropane, diepoxybutane, diepoxypentane, diepoxyhexane, diepoxyheptane, diepoxyoctane, diepoxynonane, diepoxydodecane.
- diepoxyalkanes such as; glycidyl ethers such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, brominated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, phenol novolac glycidyl ether, and cresol novolac glycidyl ether; glycidyl esters such as hexahydrophthalic acid glycidyl ester and dimer acid glycidyl ester; glycidyl amines such as glycidyl isocyanurate and tetraglycidyl diamino phenylmethane; linear aliphatic epoxides such as epoxidized polybutadiene; and alicyclic epoxides such as 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethylcarboxylate and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethylcarboxylate.
- the crosslinkable binder is 4,4'-diphenylenemethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, naphthylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylenemethane diisocyanate, cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 3 ,3'-dimethylphenylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethyldiphenylenemethane diisocyanate, 4,6'-xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate , 3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, m-xylene diisocyanate, trimethylxylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene Diisocyan
- a compound having a structure represented by Formula 1 below may be used as a crosslinkable binder.
- X 1 to X 3 are each an oxyethylene group
- X 4 is an oxyethylene group or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 1 to R 4 are each independently a (meth)acrylate group, a hydroxyl group, It is any one selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, an ester group, a cyanate group, an isocyanate group, an amino group, a thiol group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a vinyl group, and a heterocyclic group
- a 1 to a 4 are each an integer of 1 to 10
- n 1 to n 3 are each an integer of 0 to 10
- at least one of n 1 to n 4 is an integer of 1 to 10, provided that X 4 is an oxyethylene group, n 4 is an integer of 1 to 10, m is 1, and when X 4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, n 4 is 1 and m is 0.
- the ester group may be represented by -COOR, the amino group may be represented by -NR a R b , wherein R, R a and R b are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Any one selected from the group consisting of an alkynyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkenyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkynyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the heterocyclic group is one selected from the group consisting of a heterocycloalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocycloalkenyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a heterocycloalkynyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and a heteroaryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. It may include a hetero atom selected from N, O, and S. For example, an epoxy group, an oxetane group, etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the compound of Formula 1 include compounds of Formula 2 or 3 below.
- R 5 may be an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- n 5 to n 7 may each be an integer of 1 to 5
- a 5 to a 12 may each be an integer of 1 to 10.
- the compound of Formula 1 may include, for example, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate or ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
- the amount of the crosslinkable binder is 1 to 10 parts by weight or 1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the inorganic material layer. In the above range, heat resistance shrinkage and rupture characteristics are excellent.
- Inorganic particles contained in the inorganic layer may be surface treated to react with the crosslinkable binder.
- the surface of the inorganic particles may be treated with, for example, a functional group capable of reacting with a functional group of the crosslinkable binder.
- a crosslinking reaction occurs due to a reaction between the functional groups of the inorganic particles and the functional groups of the crosslinkable binder, and a crosslinking reaction of the functional groups of the inorganic particles also occurs, thereby improving the bonding strength between the inorganic particles and the crosslinking binder, and improving adhesion to the substrate or coating density.
- the crosslinkable binder has an acrylate functional group
- the surface of the inorganic particles may be treated to have an acrylate functional group.
- the inorganic material layer according to one embodiment may further include a non-crosslinkable binder.
- a non-crosslinkable binder adhesion to a substrate or an electrode and heat resistance may be further improved.
- Non-crosslinkable binders for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) polymers, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene oxide, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butylate , cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethyl pullulan, cyanoethyl polyvinyl alcohol, cyanoethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl sucrose, pullulan, carboxyl methyl cellulose, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer consisting of It may be used alone or in mixtures selected from the group.
- a vinylidene fluoride-based polymer may be used as the non-crosslinkable binder.
- the vinylidene fluoride-based polymer may be, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride, a vinylidene fluoride copolymer, or a mixture thereof.
- the vinylidene fluoride copolymer refers to a polymer containing 5% by weight or less of repeating units other than vinylidene fluoride repeating units.
- Examples of the vinylidene fluoride copolymer include vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.
- the weight ratio of the crosslinked binder to the noncrosslinkable binder may be 8:2 to 2:8, specifically 3:7 to 7:3.
- a separator with improved adhesive strength and heat resistance can be manufactured.
- the thickness of the porous substrate is 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m, 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, or 5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- a separator having an appropriate thickness that is thick enough to prevent a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery but not thick enough to increase the internal resistance of the battery can be manufactured.
- the porosity of the porous substrate included in the separator is 5% to 95%, 30% to 80%, for example, 40% to 60%, and the air permeability is 250 sec/100cc or less, specifically 200 sec/100cc or less, more specifically It may be 150 sec/100cc or less.
- the pore size of the porous substrate in the separator may be 0.01 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, 0.01 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, or 0.01 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- Porous substrates include, but are not limited to, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, polyacetals, polyamides, polyimides, polycarbonates, polyether ether ketones, and polyaryl ether ketones. , Polyetherimide, polyamideimide, polybenzimidazole, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene oxide, cyclic olefin copolymer, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyethylene naphthalate, any one polymer selected from the group consisting of, or two of these It may be a polymer film formed of a mixture of more than one species.
- polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene
- polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate
- polyacetals polyamides
- polyimides polyimides
- polycarbonates polyether ether ketones
- the porous substrate may be a polyolefin-based substrate, and the polyolefin-based substrate may contribute to improving battery safety due to its excellent shutdown function.
- the polyolefin-based substrate may be selected from the group consisting of, for example, a polyethylene single film, a polypropylene single film, a polyethylene/polypropylene double film, a polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene triple film, and a polyethylene/polypropylene/polyethylene triple film.
- the polyolefin-based resin may include a non-olefin resin in addition to the olefin resin, or may include a copolymer of an olefin and a non-olefin monomer.
- a method for manufacturing a separation membrane according to an embodiment may be any method that can be used in the art.
- it may be prepared by preparing a slurry containing organic particles, a first binder, and optionally inorganic particles, coating it on a porous substrate, drying it, and rolling it.
- a method of applying the slurry is not particularly limited and any method that can be used in the art is possible.
- it may be formed by a method such as printing, compression, press-fitting, roller coating, blade coating, bristling coating, dipping coating, spray coating, or streamline coating.
- pretreatment such as sulfonating treatment, grafting treatment, corona discharge treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, plasma treatment, or spatter etching treatment may be optionally performed to improve adhesion with the adhesive layer.
- the separator according to one embodiment may have an average transfer rate of 30% or more, 40 to 60%, or 45 to 55% of the positive electrode active material to the separator after charging and discharging of Equation 1 below.
- a 0 is the total area of both sides of the separator, and A 1 is placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and 95 ° C to 105 ° C, for 1 to 5 seconds, 1 to 5 kgf / cm 2
- the first power After compressing, injecting an electrolyte into the compressed anode/separator/cathode structure, and secondarily compressing at 95° C. to 105° C. for 25 to 40 seconds with a force of 10 to 200 kgf/cm 2 , charging, discharging, and charging It is the sum of the areas of the positive electrode active material transferred to the separator when performed sequentially.
- the area of the cathode active material may be measured using a known image analyzer.
- the charging, discharging and charging conditions are as follows.
- the transfer rate of the positive electrode active material to the separator is 30% or more, which minimizes the change in the shape of the battery due to the decrease in electrode adhesion in an environment where the battery expands and contracts repeatedly as charging and discharging are repeated, resulting in uneven distance between electrodes. It is possible to minimize an increase in internal resistance or degradation of battery performance caused by the increase.
- the transfer rate is specifically 40% or more, 40% or more, 45% or more, for example, 45 to 55%.
- the adhesive force with the porous substrate is 0.5 N/mm or more, 0.7 N/mm or more, 0.8 N/mm or more, specifically 0.8 to 0.99 N/mm, for example, 0.81/mm to It may be 0.93 N/mm.
- the adhesive strength between the adhesive layer and the porous substrate is excellent, so that the performance of the battery can be maintained for a long period of time.
- a method for measuring the adhesive force of the substrate is not particularly limited, and a method commonly used in the technical field of the present invention may be used.
- a non-limiting example of a method for measuring the adhesive strength of the separator to the substrate is as follows: According to Korean Industrial Standard KS-A-01107 (Test Method for Adhesive Tape and Adhesive Sheet), the separator is cut to a width of 25 mm and a length of 250 mm, , Tape (nitto 31B) is attached to each side to make a specimen, and then the specimen is compressed by reciprocating once at a speed of 300 mm/min using a compression roller with a load of 2 kg.
- Korean Industrial Standard KS-A-01107 Test Method for Adhesive Tape and Adhesive Sheet
- the specimen After 30 minutes of compression, the specimen is turned over 180° and about 25 mm is removed, and then the separator and the tape attached to one side of the separator are placed on the upper clip of a tensile strength tester (Instron Series 1X/s Automated materials Tester-3343, Instron). fix it After fixing the tape attached to the other side of the separator to the lower clip, pulling at a tensile speed of 60 mm/min, the pressure when the porous adhesive layer is peeled off from the porous substrate is measured to obtain the adhesive strength of the substrate.
- a tensile strength tester Instron Series 1X/s Automated materials Tester-3343, Instron
- the separator may have an anode adhesive force of 0.5 gf/5mm or more and a cathode adhesive force of 0.1 gf/5mm or more.
- the positive electrode adhesive strength may be 0.8 gf/5mm or more
- the negative electrode adhesive strength may be 0.2 gf/5mm or more.
- an anode Located between the anode and the cathode, a separator according to one embodiment; And it provides a secondary battery comprising an electrolyte.
- the secondary battery may be, for example, a lithium secondary battery such as a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
- a lithium secondary battery such as a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
- the method for manufacturing the secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a method commonly used in the technical field of the present invention may be used.
- An inorganic material layer is provided on top of the porous substrate.
- a coating method for forming the inorganic material layer, a coating method, lamination, coextrusion, or the like may be used.
- Non-limiting examples of the coating method include, but are not limited to, roll coating, spin coating, dip coating, flow coating, and spray coating.
- the inorganic material layer may be cured by providing a composition for forming an inorganic material layer on a porous substrate and then applying light or heat thereto.
- Photocuring may be specifically, ultraviolet curing or far infrared curing, and may be, for example, ultraviolet curing.
- Photocuring may include irradiating the porous heat-resistant layer with a light amount of, for example, 500 mJ/cm 2 to 3000 mJ/cm 2 , specifically, 500 mJ/cm 2 to 2000 mJ/cm 2 . Irradiation time may be 1 minute to 15 hours.
- a homogeneous cured density may be obtained through subsequent heat treatment, which may be performed at a temperature of about 50° C.
- thermal curing it may include curing at about 40 ° C to 120 ° C, 50 ° C to 100 ° C, or 60 to 90 ° C for 1 hour to 36 hours, specifically, about 5 hours to 24 hours.
- the composition for forming the inorganic layer may include a polymerization initiator for crosslinking the material for forming the crosslinking binder and/or the crosslinking binder and the surface-treated inorganic particles.
- the polymerization initiator acts as a curing agent that generates free radicals by heating or light, and may be appropriately selected according to the type of the functional group of the inorganic particle and the material for generating the crosslinked structure binder.
- the initiator may be a thermal polymerization initiator such as a peroxide, azo, amine, imidazole, or isocyanate, or a photopolymerization initiator such as an onium salt or an organometallic salt.
- a secondary battery according to another embodiment includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and the above-described separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the secondary battery is, for example, a lithium secondary battery.
- a secondary battery includes an electrode assembly including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and the above-described separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the electrode assembly may have a jelly roll shape. Since the lithium battery includes the above-described separator, adhesion between the electrodes (anode and cathode) and the separator increases, and thus, volume change during charging and discharging of the lithium battery can be suppressed. Accordingly, deterioration of the lithium battery accompanying the change in volume of the lithium secondary battery may be suppressed, and lifespan characteristics of the lithium battery may be improved.
- a lithium secondary battery may be manufactured, for example, by the following method.
- an anode active material composition in which an anode active material, a conductive material, a binder, and a solvent are mixed is prepared.
- the negative electrode active material composition is directly coated on a metal current collector to manufacture a negative electrode plate.
- the negative active material composition may be cast on a separate support, and then a film separated from the support may be laminated on a metal current collector to manufacture a negative electrode plate.
- the negative electrode is not limited to the forms listed above and may have forms other than the above forms.
- the negative electrode active material includes a carbon-based material.
- the carbon-based material may be crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon or mixtures thereof.
- the crystalline carbon may be amorphous, plate-like, flake-like, natural graphite, artificial graphite, graphene, carbon black, fullerene soot, or a combination thereof.
- Natural graphite is naturally occurring graphite, and includes flake graphite, high crystalline graphite, microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline (amorphous) graphite, and the like.
- Artificial graphite is artificially synthesized graphite, which is made by heating amorphous carbon to a high temperature, and includes primary or electrographite, secondary graphite, graphite fiber, and the like.
- Expanded graphite Inflates vertical layers of molecular structure by intercalating chemicals such as acids or alkalis between graphite layers and heating them.
- Graphene includes a single layer or multiple monolayers of graphite.
- Carbon black is a crystalline material with a smaller regularity than graphite, and when carbon black is heated at about 3,000° C.
- Fullerene soot is a carbon mixture containing at least 3% by weight of fullerene, which is a polyhedral bundle-shaped compound composed of 60 or more carbon atoms.
- the crystalline carbon may have a spherical, plate-like, fibrous, tubular or powdery form.
- the amorphous carbon may be soft carbon (low temperature calcined carbon) or hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, polymer carbide, or a combination thereof.
- the negative electrode active material may further include a non-carbon-based material.
- the anode active material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal capable of forming an alloy with lithium, an alloy of a metal capable of forming an alloy with lithium, and an oxide of a metal capable of forming an alloy with lithium. can do.
- the metal alloyable with lithium is Si, Sn, Al, Ge, Pb, Bi, Sb Si-Y alloy (where Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a Group 13-16 element, a transition metal, a rare earth element, or It is a combination of these elements, but not Si), a Sn-Y alloy (where Y is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a Group 13 to 16 element, a transition metal, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof, but not Sn), and the like. .
- Element Y is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db, Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Tc, Re, Bh, Fe, Pb , Ru, Os, Hs, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn, In, Ge, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se, Te , Po, or a combination thereof.
- the transition metal oxide may be lithium titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, or lithium vanadium oxide.
- the non-transition metal oxide may be SnO 2 , SiO x (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), or the like.
- the anode active material is Si, Sn, Pb, Ge, Al, SiOx (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2), SnOy (0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2), Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , TiO 2 , LiTiO 3 , Li 2 It may be one or more selected from the group consisting of Ti 3 O 7 , but is not necessarily limited thereto, and any material used in the art as a non-carbon-based negative electrode active material is possible.
- the anode active material may be a mixture of the above-described carbon-based material and a non-carbon-based material or a composite containing the above-described carbon-based material and a non-carbon-based material.
- the conductive material include acetylene black, Ketjen black, and natural graphite. , artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon fiber, metal powders such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver, metal fibers, etc. may be used, and conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used
- One or more types may be mixed and used, but it is not limited thereto, and any material that can be used as a conductive material in the art may be used.
- the above-described crystalline carbon-based material may be added as a conductive material.
- vinylidene fluoride/hexafluoropropylene copolymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene, styrene butadiene rubber-based polymer, or a combination thereof may be used.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- polyacrylonitrile polymethyl methacrylate
- polytetrafluoroethylene polytetrafluoroethylene
- styrene butadiene rubber-based polymer a combination thereof
- any material that can be used as a binder in the art may be used.
- N-methylpyrrolidone, acetone, or water may be used as the solvent, but it is not limited thereto, and any solvent that can be used in the art may be used.
- the contents of the negative electrode active material, conductive material, binder, and solvent are at levels commonly used in lithium batteries. At least one of the conductive material, the binder, and the solvent may be omitted depending on the use and configuration of the lithium battery.
- the binder used in manufacturing the negative electrode may be the same as the coating composition included in the adhesive layer of the separator.
- a cathode active material composition in which a cathode active material, a conductive material, a binder, and a solvent are mixed is prepared.
- the cathode active material composition is directly coated on a metal current collector and dried to prepare a cathode plate.
- the positive electrode active material composition may be cast on a separate support, and then the film separated from the support may be laminated on a metal current collector to manufacture a positive electrode plate.
- the cathode active material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, lithium iron phosphate, and lithium manganese oxide, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and in the art Any available cathode active material may be used.
- Li a A 1-b B b D 2 (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, and 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5); Li a E 1-b B b O 2-c D c (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); LiE 2-b B b O 4-c D c (wherein 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05); Li a Ni 1-bc Co b B c D ⁇ (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05, 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2); Li a Ni 1-bc Co b B c O 2- ⁇ F ⁇ (wherein 0.90 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.8, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05, 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2)
- A is Ni, Co, Mn, or a combination thereof
- B is Al, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, a rare earth element, or a combination thereof
- D is O, F, S, P, or a combination thereof
- E is Co, Mn, or a combination thereof
- F is F, S, P, or a combination thereof
- G is Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Mg, La, Ce, Sr, V, or combinations thereof
- Q is Ti, Mo, Mn, or a combination thereof
- I is Cr, V, Fe, Sc, Y, or a combination thereof
- J is V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, or combinations thereof.
- the coating layer may include a coating element compound of an oxide, a hydroxide, an oxyhydroxide of a coating element, an oxycarbonate of a coating element, or a hydroxycarbonate of a coating element.
- Compounds constituting these coating layers may be amorphous or crystalline.
- the coating element included in the coating layer Mg, Al, Co, K, Na, Ca, Si, Ti, V, Sn, Ge, Ga, B, As, Zr, or mixtures thereof may be used.
- any coating method may be used as long as the compound can be coated in a method (eg, spray coating, dipping method, etc.) that does not adversely affect the physical properties of the positive electrode active material by using these elements. Since it is a content that can be well understood by those skilled in the art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the same conductive material, binder, and solvent as in the case of the anode active material composition may be used. Meanwhile, it is also possible to form pores in the electrode plate by further adding a plasticizer to the cathode active material composition and/or the anode active material composition.
- the contents of the positive electrode active material, conductive material, general binder, and solvent are at levels commonly used in lithium batteries. Depending on the use and configuration of the lithium battery, one or more of the conductive material, general binder, and solvent may be omitted.
- the binder used in manufacturing the anode may be the same as the composition of the adhesive layer included in the adhesive layer of the separator.
- the above-described separator is disposed between the anode and the cathode.
- the separator disposed between the anode and the cathode is a porous substrate as described above; and an adhesive layer disposed on both sides of the porous substrate, wherein the adhesive layer includes the above-described coating composition for a separator.
- a separator may be prepared separately and disposed between the anode and the cathode.
- the separator is formed by winding an electrode assembly including a positive electrode/separator/negative electrode into a jelly roll form, then accommodating the jelly roll in a battery case or pouch, and thermally softening the jelly roll under pressure while being accommodated in the battery case or pouch. It can be prepared by undergoing a formation step of pre-charging, hot rolling the filled jelly roll, cold rolling the filled jelly roll, and charging and discharging the filled jelly roll under pressure.
- the electrolyte may be in a liquid or gel state.
- the electrolyte may be an organic electrolyte.
- the electrolyte may be solid.
- it may be boron oxide, lithium oxynitride, etc., but is not limited thereto, and any solid electrolyte that can be used in the art can be used.
- the solid electrolyte may be formed on the negative electrode by a method such as sputtering.
- an organic electrolyte solution may be prepared.
- the organic electrolyte may be prepared by dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent.
- organic solvent that can be used as an organic solvent in the art may be used.
- Any lithium salt can be used as long as it can be used as a lithium salt in the art.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a lithium battery according to an embodiment.
- the lithium secondary battery 100 includes an electrode assembly 160 and an electrode wound between a positive electrode 140 and a negative electrode 150 with a separator 110 according to an exemplary embodiment interposed therebetween. It includes a case 170 in which the assembly 160 is built.
- the electrode assembly 160 may have, for example, a jelly roll shape formed by winding the positive electrode 140 and the negative electrode 150 with the separator 110 interposed therebetween.
- the anode 140, the cathode 150, and the separator 110 are impregnated with an electrolyte solution (not shown).
- the lithium secondary battery may be a lithium ion battery.
- the lithium battery may be a lithium polymer battery.
- Lithium secondary batteries are suitable for electric vehicles (EVs) because they have excellent high-rate characteristics and lifespan characteristics.
- EVs electric vehicles
- hybrid vehicles such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs).
- a multifunctional urethane acrylic polymer (Miwon Specialty Chemical Co., SC2152) having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of about 20,000 was dissolved in acetone at 30% by weight and stirred at 25 ° C. for 1 hour using a stirrer to obtain a first polymer solution was manufactured.
- a second polymer solution was prepared by stirring at 25 ° C. for 1 hour to make 30% by weight of a dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate binder (Sanopco co., Ltd, DPHA) having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 600.
- a dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate binder (Sanopco co., Ltd, DPHA) having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 600.
- the first polymer solution and the second polymer solution were mixed so that the first polymer and the second polymer had a weight ratio of 7:3, and the alumina content was 95 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the inorganic material layer. Then, the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 2 hours using a power mixer to prepare a composition for forming an inorganic material layer.
- the above-prepared composition for forming an inorganic layer was coated on the cross-section of a polyethylene monolayer substrate film having a thickness of 9 ⁇ m by a gravure coating method, and then dried for 10 seconds under conditions of a drying temperature of 60 ° C and a wind speed of 15 m / sec.
- a separator having an inorganic material layer having a coating thickness of 2 ⁇ m was prepared on one side of a polyethylene single membrane base film by performing a heat curing treatment at 80 ° C for 10 hr.
- PVdF-HFP polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- RC-10278 Arkema Co., weight average molecular weight 45,0000 g / mol
- a stirrer A solution containing PVdF-HFP microparticles having an average particle diameter of 100 nm was prepared by stirring at 25 ° C. for 30 min using IK Company R010), and polyacrylic acid (PAA) (AQC, sumittomo) and a nitrogen-containing compound were prepared.
- PAA polyacrylic acid
- JET-1971, BYK was added in the ratio shown in Table 1 to prepare a composition for forming an adhesive layer.
- the composition for forming the adhesive layer was coated on the upper portion of the inorganic material layer of the separator using the gravure coating method, and then dried for 10 seconds under conditions of a drying temperature of 70 ° C and a wind speed of 15 m / sec to obtain 0.7 g /
- a separator was prepared by forming an adhesive layer of m2 (cross-section) to a thickness of 1.0 ⁇ m.
- a separator was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition of the composition for forming an adhesive layer was changed as shown in Table 1 below.
- a negative electrode was prepared according to the following procedure.
- a positive electrode was prepared according to the following procedure.
- LiCoO 2 97% by weight of LiCoO 2 , 1.5% by weight of carbon black powder as a conductive material, and 1.5% by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) were mixed and added to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solvent, followed by 30% mixing using a mechanical stirrer. After stirring for a minute, a slurry of the positive electrode active material was prepared. The slurry was applied on a 20 ⁇ m thick aluminum current collector using a doctor blade, dried for 0.5 hours in a hot air dryer at 100 ° C, dried again for 4 hours in a vacuum and 120 ° C, and rolled. An anode was prepared.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- An electrode assembly jelly roll was prepared by interposing the separator obtained in Example 1 between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared above, and then winding the separator. After inserting the jelly roll into the pouch and injecting the electrolyte solution, the pouch was vacuum-sealed.
- LiPF 6 1.3M LiPF 6 was dissolved in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), and diethyl carbonate (DEC) at a volume ratio of 3:5:2.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- a lithium battery was prepared by performing a press at a temperature of 80° C. for 3 minutes while applying a pressure of 11.7 kgf/cm 2 to the jelly roll inserted into the pouch.
- a lithium battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Production Example 1, except that the separator of Examples 2-5 was used instead of the separator of Example 1.
- a lithium battery was manufactured in the same manner as in Production Example 1, except that the separator of Comparative Examples 1-4 was used instead of the separator of Example 1.
- the adhesive strength (bending strength) between the active material layer of the positive electrode and the separator was measured using a 3-point bending method in each lithium battery.
- the pouch cell that had undergone the 0.1C charge/discharge step was pressed at a speed of 5 mm/min using a jig, and the MAX value (N, MPa) from zero-point to 5 mm bending was measured.
- the evaluation conditions of the 3-point bending (INSTRON) method are as follows.
- the lifetime is evaluated according to Equation 1 below.
- Lifespan (500 discharge capacity / 1 discharge capacity) X 100
- Evaluation Example 3 Transfer rate of electrode active material before and after charging and discharging
- LCO (LiCoO 2 ) as a positive electrode active material was coated on aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m to a thickness of 94 ⁇ m, dried, and rolled to prepare a positive electrode having a total thickness of 114 ⁇ m.
- negative electrode active materials natural graphite and artificial graphite (1:1) were coated on copper foil having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to a thickness of 120 ⁇ m, dried, and rolled to prepare a negative electrode having a total thickness of 130 ⁇ m.
- As an electrolyte 1.3M LiPF 6 mixed with an EC/EMC/DEC organic solvent at a volume ratio of 3:5:2 was used.
- the separator (area of both sides: A 0 ) prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and wound into a jelly roll-type electrode assembly.
- the electrode assembly was first compressed at 100°C for 3 seconds under a pressure of 3 kgf/cm 2 , placed in an aluminum-coated pouch, and two adjacent corners were sealed at a temperature of 143°C, and then 6.5 g of the electrolyte was added, followed by 3 minutes.
- the battery was sealed so that no air remained in the battery using a degassing machine.
- the prepared battery was aged at 25° C. for 12 hours, and subjected to secondary compression at 100° C. for 30 seconds under a pressure of 30 kgf/cm 2 .
- the transfer rate (%) of the positive electrode active material to the separator was calculated by dividing the electronic area (A 1 ) by the total area (A 0 ) of the separator and multiplying by 100.
- the lithium batteries of Manufacturing Examples 1 to 5 have significantly improved lifespan characteristics compared to the lithium batteries of Comparative Manufacturing Examples 1 to 4.
- the lithium battery of Comparative Example 2 had excellent heat exposure characteristics, but as shown in Table 1, the adhesion ratio was less than 0.05, resulting in poor cell assembly processability and lifespan characteristics.
- the assembly processability was excellent and the thermal exposure characteristics were deteriorated, and the separator of Comparative Example 3 had poor assembly processability and thermal exposure characteristics.
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Abstract
Description
| 구분 | 실시예1 | 실시예2 | 실시예3 | 실시예4 | 실시예5 | 비교예1 | 비교예2 | 비교예3 | 비교예4 | |
| 접 착 층 조 성 물 |
PVdF-HFP | 96 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 92 |
| 아크릴 바인더 |
- | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | - | - | - | 4 | |
| PAA | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | - | 8 | - | - | |
| PVA | - | - | - | - | 8 | - | 8 | - | ||
| 아민 화합물 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | - | - | 8 | - | |
| 구분 | 실시예1 (제작예1) |
실시예2 (제작예2) |
실시예3 (제작예3) |
실시예4 (제작예4) |
실시예5 (제작예5) |
비교예1 (비교 제작예1) |
비교예2 (비교 제작예2) |
비교예3 (비교 제작예3) |
비교예4 (비교 제작예4) |
| 벤딩 강도 (N) |
241 | 256 | 246 | 264 | 261 | 120 | 135 | 87 | 190 |
| 수명 (%) |
93 | 91 | 91 | 90 | 91 | 75 | 78 | 45 | 69 |
| 충방전후 양극 활물질 전사율 | 52 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 3 |
| 기재 결착력 | 0.93 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.3 |
Claims (16)
- 다공성 기재, 상기 다공성 기재의 적어도 일면에 위치하는 무기물층 및 상기 무기물층 상에 위치된 접착층을 포함하며,상기 접착층은 불소계 수지, 폴리아크릴산계 화합물 및 질소 함유 화합물을 포함하는 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 질소 함유 화합물은 폴리알킬렌이민, 멜라민, 아미노메틸펜탄올, 아미노부탄아마이드(aminobutanamide), 사이클로헥센이민(7-AZA-Bicyclo[4.1.0]Heptane), 벤질아민, 메틸에틸펜틸아민, 트리에틸렌아민 또는 그 조합인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 질소 함유 화합물의 함량은 접착층 총중량 100 중량부를 기준으로 하여 1 내지 5 중량부인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 불소계 수지는 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드, 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드-헥사플루오로프로필렌 공중합체, 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드-트리클로로에틸렌 공중합체, 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드-클로로트리플루오로에틸렌 공중합체, 또는 그 조합인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 폴리아크릴산계 화합물은 폴리아크릴산, 폴리메틸아크릴산, 폴리에틸아크릴산, 폴리부틸아크릴산, 폴리헥실아크릴산, 폴리하이드록시에틸메타크릴산, 폴리아미노아크릴산 또는 그 조합인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 접착층은 (메타)아크릴계 바인더를 더 포함하는 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 (메타)아크릴계 바인더는 폴리아크릴레이트, 폴리메타크릴레이트, 폴리부틸아크릴레이트, 폴리아크릴로니트릴 또는 그 조합인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 질소 함유 화합물과 (메타)아크릴계 바인더의 혼합중량비는 0.01:1 내지 1:1 중량비인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 무기물층은 무기물 입자와, 가교성 바인더를 포함하며,상기 무기물 입자는 Al2O3, SiO2, B2O3, Ga2O3, TiO2, SnO2, 뵈마이트, BaSO4, MgO, Mg(OH)2, 클레이(clay), ZnO, CaO, CeO2, NiO, GaO, ZrO2, Y2O3, SrTiO3, BaTiO3, 또는 이들의 조합인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 가교성 바인더는 아크릴레이트기, 비닐기, 히드록시기, 에폭시기, 옥산기, 옥세탄기, 에스테르기 및 이소시아네이트기로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 관능기를 1개 이상 갖는 모노머, 올리고머 또는 폴리머인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 무기물층은 비가교성 바인더를 더 포함하며,상기 비가교성 바인더는 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드(PVdF)계 폴리머, 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트, 폴리아크릴로니트릴, 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리비닐아세테이트, 폴리에틸렌옥사이드, 셀룰로오스 아세테이트, 셀룰로오스 아세테이트 부틸레이트, 셀룰로오스 아세테이트 프로피오네이트, 시아노에틸풀루란, 시아노에틸폴리비닐알콜, 시아노에틸셀룰로오스, 시아노에틸수크로오스, 풀루란, 카르복실 메틸 셀룰로오스, 및 아크릴로니트릴-부타디엔-스티렌 공중합체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 단독 또는 이들의 혼합물인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 불소계 수지의 함량은 접착층 총중량 100 중량부를 기준으로 하여 92 내지 96 중량부인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 폴리아크릴산계 화합물의 함량은 접착층 총중량을 기준으로 하여 1 내지 3 중량부인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 무기물 입자의 함량은 무기물층 총중량 100 중량부를 기준으로 하여 50 내지 95 중량부인 이차전지용 분리막.
- 양극, 음극 및 이들 사이에 개재되며 제1항 내지 제14항 중 어느 한 항의 분리막을 포함하는 이차전지.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 이차전지에서 충방전후 양극 활물질의 분리막으로의 전사율은 30% 이상인 이차전지.
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| US18/013,090 US20230361427A1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-05-16 | Separator for secondary battery and secondary battery comprising same |
| CN202280034201.6A CN117296196A (zh) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-05-16 | 用于二次电池的隔膜和包括该隔膜的二次电池 |
| EP22804938.3A EP4343950A4 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2022-05-16 | SEPARATOR FOR SECONDARY BATTERY AND SECONDARY BATTERY INCLUDING IT |
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| KR1020210063616A KR20220155838A (ko) | 2021-05-17 | 2021-05-17 | 이차전지용 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
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| KR102885717B1 (ko) * | 2022-12-16 | 2025-11-14 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 전극 조립체 및 이를 포함하는 이차 전지 |
| US20250392001A1 (en) * | 2024-06-20 | 2025-12-25 | Lg Energy Solution, Ltd. | Electrochemical device separator, manufacturing method thereof, and electrochemical device including the same |
| WO2026043945A1 (en) * | 2024-08-22 | 2026-02-26 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Ceramic coated separator and adhesive |
| KR20260044164A (ko) * | 2024-09-25 | 2026-04-01 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 유기 고분자 접착층을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 복합 분리막 및 이를 구비하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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| EP4343950A4 (en) | 2025-10-29 |
| CN117296196A (zh) | 2023-12-26 |
| US20230361427A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
| EP4343950A1 (en) | 2024-03-27 |
| KR20220155838A (ko) | 2022-11-24 |
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