WO2022250255A1 - 분리막 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 - Google Patents
분리막 및 이를 포함하는 전기화학소자 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022250255A1 WO2022250255A1 PCT/KR2022/003175 KR2022003175W WO2022250255A1 WO 2022250255 A1 WO2022250255 A1 WO 2022250255A1 KR 2022003175 W KR2022003175 W KR 2022003175W WO 2022250255 A1 WO2022250255 A1 WO 2022250255A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
- H01M4/623—Binders being polymers fluorinated polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/431—Inorganic material
- H01M50/434—Ceramics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator and an electrochemical device including the same, and more particularly, to a separator in which variation in air permeability for each part is minimized inside a battery and an electrochemical device including the same.
- Lithium secondary batteries are widely used as a power source for various electric products that require miniaturization and light weight, such as smartphones, laptops, and tablet PCs. Development of a lithium secondary battery having a large, long lifespan and high stability is required.
- a separator having micropores that separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode to prevent internal short circuits and facilitates the movement of lithium ions during charging and discharging especially thermally induced phase separation
- a separator having micropores that separates the positive electrode and the negative electrode to prevent internal short circuits and facilitates the movement of lithium ions during charging and discharging especially thermally induced phase separation
- polyolefins such as polyethylene
- a separator using polyethylene having a melting point as low as 135° C. may undergo shrinkage and deformation at a high temperature above the melting point due to heat generation of the battery.
- a thermal runaway phenomenon of the battery may cause safety problems such as ignition.
- the above problem is more prominent in a region with a small radius of curvature among separators that are layered together with electrodes and wound or bent inside a cylindrical and/or pouch-type battery.
- the curved area of the separator faces the inside of the battery.
- the density of the heat-resistant layer 210 formed on the surface opposite to the inside of the battery in the curved region is , and the density of the heat resistance layer 220 formed on the other surface decreases compared to that of the flat area.
- the density of the heat-resistant layer provided on one side of the separator in the inside of the battery, in particular, in the curved region increases arbitrarily as described above, the performance of the separator implemented in the curved region, for example, air permeability, ionic conductivity, and resistance There is a problem in that the etc. is significantly lowered than the value measured and evaluated based on the flat area, and the particulate matter provided in the heat-resistant layer is arbitrarily detached due to unnecessary load.
- the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to solve the problem that air permeability, ion conductivity, and resistance are lowered due to a load applied to the heat resistance layer in the curved region of the separator inside the battery. It is to provide a separation membrane and an electrochemical device including the same.
- One aspect of the present invention is a separator comprising a porous substrate and a heat-resistant layer provided on at least one surface of the porous substrate and containing inorganic particles, for air permeability (F1, sec/100ml) in a plane of the separator.
- a separator having a ratio (F2/F1) of air permeability (F2, sec/100ml) on a curved surface having a radius of curvature of 10 mm among the separators of 1.5 or less.
- the porous substrate is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polymethylpentene, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene butyl acrylate, ethylene ethyl acrylate, and combinations or copolymers of two or more thereof may contain one.
- the separator includes a first heat-resistant layer provided on one surface of the porous substrate, and a second heat-resistant layer provided on the other surface of the porous substrate, and the density of the first heat-resistant layer is the first 2 may be less than the density of the heat-resistant layer.
- the first and second heat-resistant layers may face the inside and outside of a battery in which an electrode assembly having electrodes on both sides of the separator is wound or bent according to a predetermined standard, respectively.
- the first heat-resistant layer includes first inorganic particles and a first binder binding at least some of the first inorganic particles at predetermined intervals, and the first binder includes a water-insoluble polymer ,
- the content of the water-insoluble polymer in the first binder may be 40 to 90% by weight, and the density of the first heat-resistant layer may be 1.6 g/m 2 or less.
- the second heat-resistant layer includes second inorganic particles and a second binder that binds at least some of the second inorganic particles at predetermined intervals, the second binder includes a water-soluble polymer, The content of the water-soluble polymer in the second binder may be 70% by weight or more, and the density of the second heat-resistant layer may be 1.7 g/m 2 or more.
- the first and second inorganic particles are SiO 2 , AlO(OH), Mg(OH) 2 , Al(OH) 3 , TiO 2 , BaTiO 3 , Li 2 O, LiF, LiOH, Li 3 N, BaO, Na 2 O, Li 2 CO 3 , CaCO 3 , LiAlO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO, SnO, SnO 2 , PbO 2 , ZnO, P 2 O 5 , CuO, MoO, V 2 O 5 , B 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , CeO 2 , Mn 3 O 4 , Sn 2 P 2 O 7 , Sn 2 B 2 O 5 , Sn 2 BPO 6 and combinations of two or more thereof may be the selected one.
- the water-insoluble polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-trichloroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, ethylene Vinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, acrylonitrile-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, alkyl acrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer, acryl-styrene copolymer, acrylic rubber and two of these It may be one selected from the group consisting of the above combinations.
- the water-soluble polymer is polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyimide, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethyl pullulan, cyanoethyl
- One selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, cyanoethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl sucrose, pullulan, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, and combinations of two or more thereof can be selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, cyanoethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl sucrose, pullulan, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, and combinations of two or more thereof.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides an electrochemical device including the separator, preferably a secondary battery, more preferably a lithium secondary battery or a lithium ion battery.
- a separator includes a porous substrate and inorganic particles provided on at least one surface of the porous substrate, and the curvature of the separator with respect to air permeability (F1, sec/100ml) in a plane of the separator. Since the ratio (F2/F1) of air permeability (F2, sec/100ml) on a curved surface with a radius of 10 mm is 1.5 or less, air permeability, ionic conductivity, and resistance due to the load applied to the heat resistance layer in the curved area of the separator inside the battery This degradation problem can be appropriately solved.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a separation membrane according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- One aspect of the present invention is a separator comprising a porous substrate and a heat-resistant layer provided on at least one surface of the porous substrate and containing inorganic particles, for air permeability (F1, sec/100ml) in a plane of the separator.
- a separator having a ratio (F2/F1) of air permeability (F2, sec/100ml) on a curved surface having a radius of curvature of 10 mm among the separators of 1.5 or less.
- the porous substrate may include a plurality of pores having a substantially uniform average size, and such pores may contribute to improving resistance characteristics and ionic conductivity of the separator.
- the separator can be thinned to a required thickness because of its high porosity and high mechanical strength.
- the porosity of the porous substrate may be 30 to 90 vol%, preferably 40 to 80 vol%, and more preferably 40 to 70 vol%.
- porosity means the ratio of the volume occupied by pores to the total volume in any porous article. If the porosity of the porous substrate is less than 30% by volume, air permeability and ion conductivity may be reduced, and if it exceeds 90% by volume, mechanical properties such as tensile strength and puncture strength may be reduced.
- the average size of pores included in the porous substrate may be 10 to 100 nm, preferably 20 to 80 nm, and more preferably 30 to 60 nm.
- the average size of the pores is less than 10 nm, air permeability and ionic conductivity may be reduced, and when the average size is greater than 100 nm, mechanical properties such as tensile strength and puncture strength may be reduced.
- the thickness of the porous substrate may be 5 to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 15 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 12 ⁇ m, in terms of thinning and high energy density of the electrochemical device. If the thickness of the porous substrate is less than 5 ⁇ m, mechanical properties may be deteriorated, and if the thickness is greater than 20 ⁇ m, air permeability and ionic conductivity may be decreased.
- the porous substrate may include a polymer resin having electrical insulation properties, and the polymer resin may include a thermoplastic resin in consideration of shutdown characteristics.
- shutdown characteristics means that when a battery is overheated and its temperature is high, the polymer resin melts and closes the pores of the porous substrate, thereby blocking the movement of ions. From this point of view, the melting point of the polymer resin or the thermoplastic resin may be 200 °C or less.
- the thermoplastic resin is, for example, one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polymethylpentene, ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene butyl acrylate, ethylene ethyl acrylate, and combinations or copolymers of two or more thereof It may include, preferably, may include at least one of polyethylene and polypropylene, more preferably, may include polyethylene, but is not limited thereto.
- the polyethylene is ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, Mw: 1,000,000 ⁇ 7,000,000 g / mol), high molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE, Mw: 100,000 ⁇ 1,000,000 g / mol), high density polyethylene (HDPE, Mw: 100,000 ⁇ 1,000,000 g / mol), It may be one selected from the group consisting of low-density polyethylene (LDPE, Mw: 10,000-100,000 g/mol), homogeneous linear and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and combinations of two or more thereof.
- UHMWPE ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
- HMWPE high molecular weight polyethylene
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LLDPE homogeneous linear and linear low-density polyethylene
- the polyethylene may be high-density polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight (M w ) of 250,000 to 450,000. If the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene is greater than 450,000, the viscosity may increase and processability may be deteriorated. If the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene is less than 250,000, the viscosity is excessively low, resulting in extremely low dispersibility with pore formers and antioxidants used in manufacturing a porous substrate. In some cases, phase separation or layer separation may occur.
- M w weight average molecular weight
- the porous substrate is subjected to hydrophilization treatment to sufficiently secure wettability of the slurry when coating the slurry to form the heat resistant layer, thereby improving bonding strength between the porous substrate and the heat resistant layer.
- the contact angle for water (H 2 O) of the hydrophilized porous substrate may be 15 ⁇ or less, and the absolute value of the zeta potential measured as a negative value (-) on the surface of the porous substrate is 10 mV or more, preferably , 15 mV or more, more preferably, may be 20 mV or more.
- hydrophilized porous substrate since the hydrophilic functional groups, for example, -SO 3 groups generated on the surface of the surface and the internal pores have hydrophilicity, due to high affinity with the slurry, which is essentially hydrophilic Since it can be easily bonded to the heat-resistant layer and its bonding strength can be strengthened, the durability of the separator can be remarkably improved, and the loss of hydrophilic groups included in the porous substrate and/or inorganic particles of the heat-resistant layer is minimized. Ionic conductivity and heat resistance can be improved.
- the separator may include a heat-resistant layer provided on at least one surface of the porous substrate and containing inorganic particles.
- the heat resistant layer may also include a plurality of pores through which fluid and/or ions may pass.
- the content of the inorganic particles in the heat-resistant layer may be 60 to 99% by weight. If the content of the inorganic particles is less than 60% by weight, the required level of heat resistance cannot be imparted, and if it exceeds 99% by weight, the air permeability, ionic conductivity, and resistance characteristics of the separator may be reduced, and the dispersibility of the inorganic particles may be reduced or slurry Workability and processability may deteriorate during coating.
- the average particle size of the inorganic particles may be greater than the average size of pores included in the porous substrate. When the average particle size of the inorganic particles is less than or equal to the average size of pores included in the porous substrate, the inorganic particles penetrate into the pores of the porous substrate to close the pores, thereby significantly reducing air permeability and ion conductivity of the separator. .
- the average particle size of the inorganic particles may be 100 to 1,000 nm, preferably 200 to 800 nm, and more preferably 400 to 800 nm, but is not limited thereto.
- the heat resistance layer may have a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the heat-resistant layer is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, heat resistance of a required level cannot be imparted, and if the thickness exceeds 5 ⁇ m, the separation membrane becomes thick, which may hinder miniaturization and integration of electrochemical devices.
- the separator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first heat resistant layer 210 provided on one surface of the porous substrate 100 and a second heat resistant layer provided on the other surface of the porous substrate 100. 220, and the density of the first heat resistant layer 210 may be smaller than that of the second heat resistant layer 220.
- density refers to the weight per unit area of the first or second heat-resistant layer along the area direction, and is referred to as "area density” and its unit is g/m 2 .
- heat-resistant layers 210 and 220 having symmetrical composition, thickness, density, etc. are formed on both sides of the porous substrate 100 as in the prior art
- the heat-resistant layer formed on one side facing the inside of the battery in the curved region of the separator ( 210) is subjected to a larger load than that of the heat-resistant layer 220 formed on the other surface, so the density of the heat-resistant layer 210 formed on one surface opposite to the inside of the battery increases in the curved area compared to the flat area, and The density of the heat resistance layer 220 formed on the other surface is reduced compared to that of the flat area.
- the density of the heat-resistant layer provided on one side of the separator in the inside of the battery, in particular, in the curved region increases arbitrarily as described above, the performance of the separator implemented in the curved region, for example, air permeability, ionic conductivity, and resistance There is a problem in that the etc. is significantly lowered than the value measured and evaluated based on the flat area, and the particulate matter provided in the heat-resistant layer is arbitrarily detached due to unnecessary load.
- the first and second heat-resistant layers 210 and 220 provided on both sides of the porous substrate 100 are wound according to a predetermined standard, or an electrode assembly provided with electrodes on both sides of the separator, respectively. It can face the inside and outside of the bent battery. That is, in the electrode assembly and/or a battery including the same, the first heat-resistant layer 210 faces the inside of the electrode assembly and/or the battery including the same, and the second heat-resistant layer 220 is the electrode assembly and/or the battery including the same. It faces the outside of the battery containing it.
- the density of the first heat-resistant layer 210 may be smaller than the density of the second heat-resistant layer 220, the first heat-resistant layer 210 generated in the curved area by assembling an electrode assembly and/or a battery including the same And the difference in density between the second heat-resistant layers 210 and 220 may be alleviated.
- the first heat-resistant layer 210 faces the inside of the battery, so its radius of curvature is smaller than that of the second heat-resistant layer 220, and the first heat-resistant layer ( 210) and the porous substrate 100, the density of the first heat-resistant layer 210, designed to have a lower density than that of the second heat-resistant layer 220, increases as the area of the interface between the porous substrate 100 decreases.
- the second heat-resistant layer 220 faces the outside of the battery, its radius of curvature is greater than that of the first heat-resistant layer 210, and the interface between the second heat-resistant layer 220 and the porous substrate 100 As the area of is increased, the density of the second heat resistant layer 220, which is designed to have a higher density than the first heat resistant layer 210, decreases.
- the density of the first heat-resistant layer 210 designed to have a lower density than that of the second heat-resistant layer 220 increases, and the second heat-resistant layer 210 designed to have a higher density than the first heat-resistant layer 210.
- the density of the layer 220 decreases, the densities of the first and second heat-resistant layers 210 and 220 converge to an arbitrary intervening value so that the density difference can be alleviated, and thus the winding and/or bending
- a problem in which air permeability, ionic conductivity, and resistance decrease due to a load applied to the first heat-resistant layer 210 in the curved area of the separator can be appropriately solved.
- the air permeability (F1, sec/100ml) on a plane of the separator on a curved surface having a radius of curvature of 10 mm may be 1.5 or less, preferably 1.0 to 1.3, more preferably 1.0 to 1.2, and advantageously 1.0 to 1.1. If the ratio (F2/F1) is greater than 1.5, air permeability, ionic conductivity, resistance, etc., in the curved region of the electrode assembly and/or the battery including the same are significantly lowered compared to the flat region, and thus the electrochemical characteristics of the battery may be deteriorated. .
- curved surface refers to a surface having a predetermined radius of curvature, a line bent at a predetermined angle, and its periphery, which is generated by winding and/or bending an electrode assembly including an electrode-separator-electrode.
- plane refers to a region of the separator excluding the curved surface.
- the air permeability (F1, sec/100ml) on a flat surface of the separator may be measured using a device such as a Gurley meter while the specimen is fixed on a flat surface, and the air permeability (F2) on a curved surface having a radius of curvature of 10 mm among the separators.
- sec / 100 ml can be measured using the same device in a state where the specimen is wound on a cylinder with a diameter of 20 mm in the MD direction, left for a certain time, and then fixed on a flat surface immediately after unwinding. .
- the first heat-resistant layer 210 includes first inorganic particles and a first binder that binds at least some of the first inorganic particles at predetermined intervals, the first binder includes a water-insoluble polymer, and
- the content of the water-insoluble polymer in one binder is 40 to 90% by weight, preferably 60 to 90% by weight, more preferably 80 to 90% by weight, and the density of the first heat-resistant layer 210 is 1.6g. / m 2 or less, preferably, 1.0 to 1.5 g/m 2 , more preferably, 1.2 to 1.4 g/m 2 .
- the second heat-resistant layer 220 includes second inorganic particles and a second binder that binds at least some of the second inorganic particles at predetermined intervals, the second binder includes a water-soluble polymer, and the second The content of the water-soluble polymer in the binder is 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more, and the density of the second heat-resistant layer 220 is 1.7g/m 2 or more. , preferably, 1.8 to 2.0 g/m 2 , more preferably, 1.85 to 1.95 g/m 2 .
- the density difference between the first and second heat-resistant layers 210 and 220 is 0.2 g/m 2 or more, preferably 0.3 g/m 2 or more, more preferably 0.5 g/m 2 or more, advantageously. Is, 0.6 g / m 2 or more may be.
- water-insoluble polymer refers to a polymer having a property of dispersing and floating in the form of fine particles in water without dissolving in water, and is referred to as latex, emulsion, and the like.
- the water-insoluble polymer may have the form of the aforementioned fine particles in the first heat-resistant layer 210, and may form and maintain pores together with the first inorganic particles.
- the average particle size of the water-insoluble polymer may be 50 to 300 nm.
- the average particle size of the water-insoluble polymer is less than 50 nm, air permeability and ionic conductivity of the separator may decrease, and if it exceeds 300 nm, the surface area of the heat-resistant layer may decrease, resulting in deterioration in adhesiveness and resistance characteristics.
- water-soluble polymer refers to a polymer having properties that are dissolved in water and are not observed as particles.
- the water-soluble polymer may be melted and fused in the second heat-resistant layer 220 to bind the second inorganic particles to each other and to bind the second inorganic particles to the porous substrate 100 .
- the remainder of the first binder may include a water-soluble polymer, and the remainder of the second binder may include a water-insoluble polymer.
- the water-insoluble polymer is, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-trichloroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, ethylene vinyl Acetate, polyvinyl butyral, acrylonitrile-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, alkyl acrylate-acrylonitrile copolymer, acryl-styrene copolymer, acrylic rubber and two or more of these It may be one selected from the group consisting of combinations, but is not limited thereto.
- the water-soluble polymer is, for example, dreung, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl acetate, polyimide, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethyl pullulan, cyanoethyl poly It may be one selected from the group consisting of vinyl alcohol, cyanoethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl sucrose, pullulan, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, and a combination of two or more thereof have.
- the first and second inorganic particles are SiO 2 , AlO(OH), Mg(OH) 2 , Al(OH) 3 , TiO 2 , BaTiO 3 , Li 2 O, LiF, LiOH, Li 3 N, BaO, Na 2 O, Li 2 CO 3 , CaCO 3 , LiAlO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , SiO, SnO, SnO 2 , PbO 2 , ZnO, P 2 O 5 , CuO, MoO, V 2 O 5 , B 2 It may be one selected from the group consisting of O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , CeO 2 , Mn 3 O 4 , Sn 2 P 2 O 7 , Sn 2 B 2 O 5 , Sn 2 BPO 6 , and a combination of two or more thereof;
- the first inorganic particle may be rectangular parallelepiped AlO(OH)
- the second inorganic particle may be spherical Al 2 O 3 , but is not limited thereto.
- alumina 92 parts by weight of alumina, 2 parts by weight of water-soluble acrylic copolymer, 5 parts by weight of carboxymethylcellulose salt (CMC), 0.5 parts by weight of surfactant, and 0.5 parts by weight of dispersant ((NaPO 3 ) 6 ) were dispersed in water to obtain a solid content of 20 parts by weight. % by weight, and a high-density slurry having a density of 1.8 g/m 3 was prepared.
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose salt
- dispersant (NaPO 3 ) 6 )
- alumina 7 parts by weight of carboxymethylcellulose salt (CMC), 0.5 parts by weight of a surfactant, and 0.5 parts by weight of a dispersant ((NaPO 3 ) 6 ) were dispersed in water to have a solid content of 20% by weight and a density of 1.92g.
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose salt
- a surfactant 0.5 parts by weight of a surfactant
- a dispersant (NaPO 3 ) 6 )
- Alumina 92 parts by weight, acryl-acrylonitrile copolymer 2 parts by weight, carboxymethylcellulose salt (CMC) 5 parts by weight, surfactant 0.5 parts by weight, dispersing agent ((NaPO 3 ) 6 ) 0.5 parts by weight was dispersed in water to obtain solid content
- a high-density slurry having a content of 20% by weight and a density of 1.74 g/m 3 was prepared.
- the low-density and/or high-density slurry obtained in Preparation Example was bar-coated on both sides of a polyethylene porous substrate (air permeability: 110 sec/100ml) having a thickness of 9 ⁇ m, and then dried to obtain a thickness of 2 on both sides of the porous substrate, respectively.
- Separator specimens including a heat-resistant layer of ⁇ m were prepared.
- Table 1 below shows slurries used to form coating layers on both surfaces of the separator specimen, that is, on the outer and inner surfaces.
- the "outer surface” of the separator refers to the surface facing the inside of the battery when the electrode structure including the separator is wound and/or bent during battery assembly, and is the opposite surface of the "outer surface” of the separator to the outer surface of the battery. means the opposite side.
- Example 1 Preparation Example 1-1 Preparation Example 2-1
- Example 2 Preparation Example 1-1 Preparation Example 2-2
- Example 3 Preparation Example 1-1 Preparation Example 2-3
- Example 4 Preparation Example 1-1 Preparation Example 2-4
- Example 5 Preparation Example 1-1 Preparation Example 2-5
- Example 6 Preparation Example 1-2 Preparation Example 2-1
- Example 7 Preparation Example 1-2 Preparation Example 2-2
- Example 8 Preparation Example 1-2 Preparation Example 2-3
- Example 9 Preparation Example 1-2 Preparation Example 2-4
- Example 10 Preparation Example 1-2 Preparation Example 2-5
- Example 11 Preparation Example 1-3 Preparation Example 2-1
- Example 12 Preparation Example 1-3 Preparation Example 2-2
- Example 13 Preparation Example 1-3 Preparation Example 2-3
- Example 14 Preparation Example 1-3 Preparation Example 2-4
- Example 15 Preparation Example 1-3 Preparation Example 2-5 Comparative Example 1 Preparation Example 1-1 Preparation Example 1-1 Comparative Example
- Test methods for each of the physical properties measured in the present invention are as follows. If there is no separate mention about the temperature, it was measured at room temperature (25 °C).
- l 3 is the longitudinal length of the specimen before shrinkage
- l 4 is the longitudinal length of the specimen after shrinkage.
- Example 1 147 154 1.05 2.9
- Example 2 151 171 1.13 2.3
- Example 3 154 186 1.21 2.2
- Example 4 155 200 1.29 2.1
- Example 5 161 233 1.45 2
- Example 6 156 158 1.01 2.2
- Example 7 159 164 1.03 2.1
- Example 8 160 166 1.04 2
- Example 9 163 178 1.09 2
- Example 10 165 219 1.33 2
- Example 11 141 165 1.17 2.9
- Example 12 143 179 1.25 2.9
- Example 13 146 200 1.37 2.3
- Example 14 151 213 1.41 2.2
- Example 15 153 228 1.49 2.1 Comparative Example 1 156 267 1.71 1.9 Comparative Example 2 148 240 1.62 4.2 Comparative Example 3 150 281 1.87 2.3 Comparative Example 4 173 349 2.02 1.8
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Abstract
Description
| 구분 | 분리막 외면 | 분리막 내면 |
| 실시예 1 | 제조예 1-1 | 제조예 2-1 |
| 실시예 2 | 제조예 1-1 | 제조예 2-2 |
| 실시예 3 | 제조예 1-1 | 제조예 2-3 |
| 실시예 4 | 제조예 1-1 | 제조예 2-4 |
| 실시예 5 | 제조예 1-1 | 제조예 2-5 |
| 실시예 6 | 제조예 1-2 | 제조예 2-1 |
| 실시예 7 | 제조예 1-2 | 제조예 2-2 |
| 실시예 8 | 제조예 1-2 | 제조예 2-3 |
| 실시예 9 | 제조예 1-2 | 제조예 2-4 |
| 실시예 10 | 제조예 1-2 | 제조예 2-5 |
| 실시예 11 | 제조예 1-3 | 제조예 2-1 |
| 실시예 12 | 제조예 1-3 | 제조예 2-2 |
| 실시예 13 | 제조예 1-3 | 제조예 2-3 |
| 실시예 14 | 제조예 1-3 | 제조예 2-4 |
| 실시예 15 | 제조예 1-3 | 제조예 2-5 |
| 비교예 1 | 제조예 1-1 | 제조예 1-1 |
| 비교예 2 | 제조예 2-2 | 제조예 2-2 |
| 비교예 3 | 제조예 2-2 | 제조예 1-1 |
| 비교예 4 | 제조예 1-2 | 제조예 1-2 |
| 구분 | F1 | F2 | F2/F1 | 열수축률 |
| 실시예 1 | 147 | 154 | 1.05 | 2.9 |
| 실시예 2 | 151 | 171 | 1.13 | 2.3 |
| 실시예 3 | 154 | 186 | 1.21 | 2.2 |
| 실시예 4 | 155 | 200 | 1.29 | 2.1 |
| 실시예 5 | 161 | 233 | 1.45 | 2 |
| 실시예 6 | 156 | 158 | 1.01 | 2.2 |
| 실시예 7 | 159 | 164 | 1.03 | 2.1 |
| 실시예 8 | 160 | 166 | 1.04 | 2 |
| 실시예 9 | 163 | 178 | 1.09 | 2 |
| 실시예 10 | 165 | 219 | 1.33 | 2 |
| 실시예 11 | 141 | 165 | 1.17 | 2.9 |
| 실시예 12 | 143 | 179 | 1.25 | 2.9 |
| 실시예 13 | 146 | 200 | 1.37 | 2.3 |
| 실시예 14 | 151 | 213 | 1.41 | 2.2 |
| 실시예 15 | 153 | 228 | 1.49 | 2.1 |
| 비교예 1 | 156 | 267 | 1.71 | 1.9 |
| 비교예 2 | 148 | 240 | 1.62 | 4.2 |
| 비교예 3 | 150 | 281 | 1.87 | 2.3 |
| 비교예 4 | 173 | 349 | 2.02 | 1.8 |
Claims (10)
- 다공성 기재, 및 상기 다공성 기재의 적어도 일면에 구비되고 무기 입자를 포함하는 내열층을 포함하는 분리막에 있어서,상기 분리막 중 평면에서의 통기도(F1, sec/100ml)에 대한, 상기 분리막 중 곡률 반경이 10mm인 곡면에서의 통기도(F2, sec/100ml)의 비(F2/F1)가 1.5 이하인,분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 다공성 기재는 폴리에틸렌, 폴리프로필렌, 폴리부틸렌, 폴리메틸펜텐, 에틸렌비닐아세테이트, 에틸렌부틸아크릴레이트, 에틸렌에틸아크릴레이트 및 이들 중 2 이상의 조합 또는 공중합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나를 포함하는,분리막.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 분리막은,상기 다공성 기재의 일면에 구비된 제1 내열층, 및 상기 다공성 기재의 타면에 구비된 제2 내열층을 포함하고,상기 제1 내열층의 밀도는 상기 제2 내열층의 밀도보다 작은,분리막.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 제1 및 제2 내열층은, 각각,상기 분리막의 양면에 전극이 구비된 전극조립체가 기설정된 규격에 따라 권취되거나 절곡된 전지의 내부 및 외부와 대향하는,분리막.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제1 내열층은 제1 무기 입자 및 상기 제1 무기 입자 중 적어도 일부를 기설정된 간격으로 결착시키는 제1 바인더를 포함하고,상기 제1 바인더는 비수용성 고분자를 포함하고,상기 제1 바인더 중 비수용성 고분자의 함량은 40~90중량%이고,상기 제1 내열층의 밀도는 1.6g/m2 이하인,분리막.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제2 내열층은 제2 무기 입자 및 상기 제2 무기 입자 중 적어도 일부를 기설정된 간격으로 결착시키는 제2 바인더를 포함하고,상기 제2 바인더는 수용성 고분자를 포함하고,상기 제2 바인더 중 상기 수용성 고분자의 함량은 70중량% 이상이고,상기 제2 내열층의 밀도는 1.7g/m2 이상인,분리막.
- 제5항 또는 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 및 제2 무기 입자는, 각각, SiO2, AlO(OH), Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3, TiO2, BaTiO3, Li2O, LiF, LiOH, Li3N, BaO, Na2O, Li2CO3, CaCO3, LiAlO2, Al2O3, SiO, SnO, SnO2, PbO2, ZnO, P2O5, CuO, MoO, V2O5, B2O3, Si3N4, CeO2, Mn3O4, Sn2P2O7, Sn2B2O5, Sn2BPO6 및 이들 중 2 이상의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나인,분리막.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 비수용성 고분자는 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드, 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드-헥사플루오로프로필렌, 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드-트리클로로에틸렌, 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트, 폴리아크릴로니트릴, 에틸렌비닐아세테이트, 폴리비닐부티랄, 아크릴로니트릴-아크릴산 공중합체, 에틸렌-아크릴산 공중합체, 스티렌-부타디엔 공중합체, 알킬아크릴레이트-아크릴로니트릴 공중합체, 아크릴-스티렌 공중합체, 아크릴계 고무 및 이들 중 2 이상의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나인,분리막.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 수용성 고분자는 폴리아크릴산, 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리비닐아세테이트, 폴리이미드, 셀룰오로스아세테이트, 셀룰로오스아세테이트부티레이트, 셀룰로오스아세테이트프로피오네이트, 시아노에틸풀루란, 시아노에틸폴리비닐알코올, 시아노에틸셀룰오로스, 하이드록시에틸셀룰로오스, 시아노에틸수크로오스, 풀루란, 카르복시메틸셀룰로오스, 폴리비닐알코올, 폴리에틸렌옥사이드, 폴리에틸렌글리콜 및 이들 중 2 이상의 조합으로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나인,분리막.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 분리막을 포함하는,전기화학소자.
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| EP22811450.0A EP4277006A4 (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2022-03-07 | SEPARATE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE INCLUDING IT |
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| KR20230140442A (ko) | 2023-10-06 |
| CN116830375A (zh) | 2023-09-29 |
| KR102665112B1 (ko) | 2024-05-14 |
| EP4277006A4 (en) | 2025-11-12 |
| KR102582948B1 (ko) | 2023-09-27 |
| EP4277006A1 (en) | 2023-11-15 |
| KR20220161591A (ko) | 2022-12-07 |
| JP7717821B2 (ja) | 2025-08-04 |
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