WO2022252899A1 - 一种显示装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种显示装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022252899A1
WO2022252899A1 PCT/CN2022/090148 CN2022090148W WO2022252899A1 WO 2022252899 A1 WO2022252899 A1 WO 2022252899A1 CN 2022090148 W CN2022090148 W CN 2022090148W WO 2022252899 A1 WO2022252899 A1 WO 2022252899A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
grid
display device
antenna unit
feeder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/090148
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田瑞源
原琳
彭伟博
单威
杨育展
于海
郭亮
张亚飞
徐文结
谢晓东
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Sensor Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Sensor Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd, Beijing BOE Sensor Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to US18/566,940 priority Critical patent/US12519217B2/en
Priority to EP22814946.4A priority patent/EP4333204A4/en
Publication of WO2022252899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022252899A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a display device and an electronic device.
  • 5G fifth generation
  • 5G new radio newradio, NR
  • 4G (4th generation) networks the difference.
  • 5G NR operating in the millimeter wave frequency band can be divided into two categories: (1) fixed services, such as fixed wireless access (fixed wireless access, FWA), customer pre-equipment (Customer Premise Equipment, CPE) and base station etc.; (2) mobile services, such as user equipment such as mobile terminals and cellular terminals.
  • fixed wireless access fixed wireless access
  • CPE Customer Premise Equipment
  • base station etc.
  • mobile services such as user equipment such as mobile terminals and cellular terminals.
  • the mmWave ecosystem needs to run both services simultaneously and seamlessly.
  • the electronic equipment in the mmWave mobile service uses a preset antenna array configuration to reduce the path loss in free space, that is, beamforming, which generates a highly directional electromagnetic beam at a specified direction angle , where the beam is determined by the magnitude and phase of each antenna in the antenna array.
  • beamforming which generates a highly directional electromagnetic beam at a specified direction angle , where the beam is determined by the magnitude and phase of each antenna in the antenna array.
  • the antenna is generally an omnidirectional beam antenna.
  • Such a spherical beam can achieve full coverage and can avoid wireless signal blind spots caused by the movement of electronic devices. .
  • phased array antenna beam steering system is required to achieve rapid steering of the highly directional antenna beam on the spherical surface. Due to the compact structure of electronic devices and the limited use of physical space, current mmWave antennas are mainly planar in shape for easy integration. For electronic devices operating in the millimeter wave frequency band, multiple phased array antennas are required to achieve spherical coverage.
  • the present application provides a display device and electronic equipment, by adding a transparent medium layer to the display device, depositing metal on the transparent medium layer as an antenna radiator, the deposited metal forms a grid and meets the light transmittance requirements .
  • the display device integrates the antenna, the display effect will not be significantly affected due to the optimized optical design.
  • the antenna structure is integrated in the display device, the coverage space of the wireless signal is increased, and the occurrence of signal blind spots is avoided, so that the electronic equipment has a more reliable connection in the millimeter wave frequency band, meeting the needs of communication.
  • a display device including: a cover plate, a display panel, a metal grid, and a transparent medium layer; wherein, the transparent medium layer is arranged between the cover plate and the display panel; the The metal grid is composed of a plurality of grid subunits and is located on the surface of the transparent medium layer; the metal grid includes a first area and a second area, and a gap is formed between the first area and the second area;
  • the first area includes a first antenna unit, the first antenna unit includes a radiating part and a feeding part, one end of the feeding part is electrically connected to the radiating part, and the width of the feeding part is greater than or equal to the The width of the grid subunit.
  • a metal grid is disposed on the transparent medium layer, and a part of the metal grid serves as an antenna structure. Due to the optimized optical design, the metal grid can meet the light transmittance requirements without significantly affecting the display effect. At the same time, since the antenna structure is integrated in the display device, the coverage space of the wireless signal is increased, and the occurrence of signal blind spots is avoided, so that the electronic equipment has a more reliable connection in the millimeter wave frequency band, meeting the needs of communication.
  • the grid subunit is rhombus.
  • the grid subunits may be triangles, squares, rectangles, hexagons, octagons, "middle” shapes, and "Z” shapes, which are not limited in the present application.
  • the width L1 of the feed member satisfies the following formula:
  • L2 is the side length of the grid subunit
  • ⁇ is the included angle in the grid subunit along the current direction on the feeding part.
  • the width of the power feeding component may be greater than or equal to the width of the grid subunit, so as to ensure good electrical signal transmission.
  • the acute angle in the grid subunit is between 45° and 90°.
  • the acute angle ⁇ in the grid subunit can be between 45° and 90°, and correspondingly, the obtuse angle ⁇ can be between 90° and 135°, so as to ensure a good user visual effect and enhance user experience.
  • the width corresponding to the acute angle in the grid subunit is between 250um and 300um.
  • the width corresponding to the obtuse angle in the grid subunit is between 400um and 450um.
  • the width of the grid subunit is less than 500um.
  • the width corresponding to the acute angle of the corresponding grid subunit is between 250um and 300um, and the width corresponding to the obtuse angle is between 400um and 450um , which can avoid excessive moiré and affect user experience.
  • the width (the width corresponding to the acute angle and the obtuse angle) can be less than 500um, so that the impedance of the grid subunits constituting the first antenna unit can be low, so that the first antenna unit can obtain a sufficiently high antenna radiation efficiency.
  • the power feeding component includes at least one grid subunit in a width direction.
  • At least one complete grid sub-unit will not be divided by the gap, which can ensure good electrical signal transmission and ensure the radiation characteristics of the first antenna unit.
  • the width of the gap formed between the first region and the second region is greater than or equal to 6um.
  • the degree to which the first antenna unit 240 in the first area is affected by the grid subunits in the second area can be controlled by adjusting the width of the slot.
  • the radiator component includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a third radiator, and a fourth radiator; the first radiator, the The second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are distributed in a 2 ⁇ 2 array, wherein the first radiator and the third radiator are arranged opposite to each other; the feeding part includes A first feeding line and a second feeding line, one end of the first feeding line is electrically connected to the first radiator and the second radiator, and one end of the second feeding line is connected to the second The radiator is electrically connected to the third radiator.
  • the electrical signal of the first radiator when the first feeder feeds power, the electrical signal of the first radiator is coupled to the fourth radiator through the slot, and the The electrical signal of the second radiator is coupled to the third radiator through the slot; when the second feeder feeds power, the electrical signal of the second radiator is coupled to the first radiator through the slot The electric signal of the third radiator is coupled to the fourth radiator through the slot.
  • the first feeding unit feeds the first radiator and the second radiator through the first feeding line and the first connecting piece
  • the electric signal of the first radiator can be
  • the electrical signal of the second radiator can be coupled to the third radiator through the slot to couple to the fourth radiator, and the first antenna unit generates resonance in the first polarization mode.
  • the electrical signal of the second radiator can be coupled to the first radiator through the gap, and the third radiator
  • the electrical signal can be coupled to the fourth radiator through the slot, and the first antenna unit generates resonance in the second polarization mode.
  • the first polarization mode can be a left-inclined 45-degree polarized antenna
  • the second polarization mode can be a right-inclined 45-degree polarized antenna, which improves the isolation of the two feed channels of the antenna and can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna system.
  • the display device further includes a flexible circuit board FPC; wherein, one end of the FPC is electrically connected to the first feeder and the second feeder , the other end of the FPC is electrically connected to the feed unit of the electronic device; the FPC is provided with a notch structure, and the notch structure includes a groove structure or a C-shaped structure.
  • the notch structure can be used to increase the isolation between the first feeder line and the second feeder line, and improve the radiation performance of the first antenna unit.
  • the first area further includes a second antenna unit; the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit include the first frequency band; The distance between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is greater than half of a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point of the first frequency band.
  • the first area of the metal grid may include a plurality of antenna units, and the number thereof may be adjusted according to actual design requirements, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the first frequency band is 24.25-29.5 GHz, or 37.5-43.5 GHz.
  • the first frequency band may be 24.25-29.5 GHz.
  • it may be other millimeter wave frequency bands, for example, 37.5-43.5 GHz, or it may be a higher frequency band, 50 GHz, 60 GHz, which is not limited in the present application and may be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the width of the metal wires surrounding the grid subunits is less than or equal to 2um.
  • the display device may have optical characteristics of high transparency and low moiré, thereby improving user experience.
  • the thickness of the metal wires surrounding the grid subunits is between 0.7um and 4um.
  • the thickness of the metal wires surrounding the grid subunits is between 0.7 um and 4 um, so that the impedance can be kept low to ensure good radiation performance of the antenna structure.
  • an electronic device in a second aspect, includes the display device described in any one of the above first aspects.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module in the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal grid 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna structure 240 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of pixels on an OLED provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the metal grid bonded on the OLED and the pixel points provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid subunit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the FPC provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is an S-parameter diagram of the antenna array shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 is a graph showing simulation results of the system efficiency of the antenna array shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram of simulation results of realized gains of the antenna array shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an AOD design process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • connection in this application can be understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in the circuit structure through printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) copper foil or wires
  • connection such as physical lines that can transmit electrical signals can also be understood as a coupling connection.
  • Communication connection may refer to electrical signal transmission, including wireless communication connection and wired communication connection.
  • a wireless communication connection does not require a physical medium and does not belong to a connection relationship that defines a product configuration.
  • connection and “connection” can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship.
  • connection between A and B or the connection between A and B can mean that there are fastening components (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B. etc.), or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to be separated.
  • fastening components such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.
  • the technical solution provided by this application is applicable to electronic equipment using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (blue-tooth, BT) communication technology, global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (wireless Fidelity, WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology and other communication technologies in the future.
  • the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, and the like.
  • the electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, electronic devices in the 5G network or electronic devices in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., this
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an electronic device provided by the present application, and the electronic device is a mobile phone for illustration.
  • the electronic device 10 may include: a glass cover plate (cover glass) 13, a display module (display) 15, a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) 17, a middle frame (housing) 19 and a back cover (rear cover) 21.
  • the glass cover plate 13 can also be replaced by a cover plate of other materials, such as an ultra-thin glass material cover plate, a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate) material cover plate, etc. .
  • the cover glass (CG) 13 can be arranged close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used to protect the display module 15 from dust.
  • the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (liquid crystal display, LCD), a light emitting diode (light emitting diode, LED) display panel or an organic light emitting semiconductor (organic light-emitting diode, OLED) display panel, etc. , this application does not limit it.
  • liquid crystal display panel liquid crystal display, LCD
  • light emitting diode light emitting diode, LED
  • organic light emitting semiconductor organic light-emitting diode, OLED
  • the printed circuit board PCB 17 may use a flame-resistant material (FR-4) dielectric board, or a Rogers (Rogers) dielectric board, or a mixed media board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on.
  • FR-4 is a code name for a flame-resistant material grade
  • Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board.
  • a metal layer can be provided on the side of the printed circuit board PCB17 close to the middle frame 19 , and the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of the PCB17 .
  • the metal layer can be used for grounding the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB17 to prevent electric shock to users or equipment damage.
  • This metal layer can be called PCB floor.
  • the electronic device 10 may also have other floors for grounding, such as a metal middle frame.
  • the electronic device 10 may also include a battery (not shown in the figure).
  • the battery can be arranged in the middle frame 19, and the battery can divide the PCB 17 into a main board and a sub-board, the main board can be arranged between the upper edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery, and the sub-board can be arranged between the lower edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery.
  • the middle frame 19 mainly plays a supporting role of the whole machine.
  • the middle frame 19 may include a frame 11, and the frame 11 may be formed of a conductive material such as metal.
  • the frame 11 can extend around the periphery of the electronic device 10 and the display module 15 , specifically, the frame 11 can surround four sides of the display module 15 to help fix the display module 15 .
  • the frame 11 made of metal material can be directly used as the metal frame of the electronic device 10 to form the appearance of a metal frame, which is suitable for metal industrial design (ID).
  • the outer surface of the frame 11 may also be made of non-metallic material, such as a plastic frame, to form the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for a non-metallic ID.
  • the back cover 21 may be a back cover made of a metal material, or a back cover made of a non-conductive material, such as a non-metal back cover such as a glass back cover or a plastic back cover.
  • FIG. 1 only schematically shows some components included in the electronic device 10 , and the actual shape, actual size and actual configuration of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .
  • millimeter wave With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, millimeter wave has extremely wide bandwidth, and has the advantages of good confidentiality and high transmission quality. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the application of the millimeter wave frequency band.
  • a highly complex phased array antenna beam steering system is required to achieve rapid steering of the highly directional antenna beam on the spherical surface. Due to the compact structure of electronic devices and the limited use of physical space, current antennas are mainly in planar shape for easy integration. For electronic devices operating in the millimeter wave frequency band, multiple phased array antennas are required to achieve spherical coverage.
  • One of the simplest and most direct methods is to distribute and arrange two millimeter-wave antennas on the front and back surfaces of the electronic device (the screen is the front), so as to achieve spherical coverage of electromagnetic waves.
  • the front of the electronic device is likely to be a high-resolution screen, that is, a light-emitting diode or a liquid crystal display module, and metal traces or other conductive layers (metal oxide, etc.) in the module structure can prevent the passage of electromagnetic waves.
  • the antenna arranged on the back of the electronic device can only cover the airspace of the non-display surface, and the airspace of the display surface is affected by the display module, so it is difficult for a signal to propagate to the side of the display module.
  • One of the simplest and most direct methods is to distribute and arrange two millimeter-wave antennas (or two millimeter-wave antenna arrays) on the front and back surfaces of the electronic device (for example, the screen can be defined as the front surface), so as to achieve spherical coverage.
  • the front of the electronic device is likely to be a high-resolution screen, that is, a light-emitting diode or a liquid crystal display module, and the metal traces or other conductive layers (metal oxide, etc.) in the structure of the display module will prevent electromagnetic waves from entering pass.
  • the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna arranged on the back of the electronic device can only cover the airspace of the non-display surface, and the airspace of the display surface is affected by the display module, so it is difficult for the signal to propagate to the side of the display module. Therefore, for electronic devices operating in the mmWave frequency band, the beam coverage is severely limited. In addition, the horizontal or vertical propagation of electromagnetic waves is also interfered by the user's hand, which adds limitations to the application of antennas in the millimeter wave and terahertz bands. To solve these problems, the concept of optical invisible display antenna (antenna on display, AOD) was recently proposed, that is, the planar antenna is integrated into the visible area of the screen. This concept is easy to realize on a glass substrate, but in the actual screen, the influence of structures such as front cover glass, polarizer, and touch layer needs to be considered.
  • AOD optical invisible display antenna
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module (for example, a cross-sectional view of the display module 15 on the XOZ plane in FIG. 1 ), which can be applied to the device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • a display module for example, a cross-sectional view of the display module 15 on the XOZ plane in FIG. 1 .
  • the display module may include a cover plate, a polarizer (POL), a display panel and a backplane.
  • POL polarizer
  • the cover plate, POL, display panel and back plate are stacked in sequence.
  • the POL can be connected to the cover plate and the display panel through an optically clear adhesive (OCA), or the POL can be connected to the cover plate and the display panel through its own adhesive layer (adhesive Mixture) is connected with OLED.
  • OCA optically clear adhesive
  • the backplane can be made of metal, and can be used to prevent electronic components inside the electronic device from interfering with the screen.
  • the display panel may be an OLED display panel, or another type of display panel (for example, a liquid crystal display panel).
  • a touch sensor can be integrated in the OLED, and the OLED can communicate with the touch sensor in the electronic device through a flexible printed circuit (FPC) in the connection area (for example, the upper surface of the display panel in Figure 2).
  • the control chip is electrically connected. It should be understood that in an actual electronic device, the display panel may also need to be electrically connected to other chips, and FIG. 2 is only used as an example, and is not limited thereto.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a display module and electronic equipment.
  • metal is deposited on the transparent medium layer to form a metal grid, and the part of the metal grid is used as the antenna structure. radiator.
  • the metal grid can meet the light transmittance requirements without significantly affecting the display effect and lowering the user experience.
  • the antenna structure is integrated on the display module, the coverage airspace of the wireless signal is increased, and signal blind spots are avoided, so that electronic devices have a more reliable connection in the millimeter wave frequency band to meet the needs of communication.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application, which can be applied to the device shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the display module 100 may include a cover plate 101 , a display panel 104 , a transparent medium layer 110 and a metal grid 120 .
  • the transparent medium layer 110 may be disposed between the cover plate 101 and the display panel 104 .
  • the metal grid 120 can be located on the surface of the transparent metal dielectric layer 110, or can be arranged on the surface of the transparent metal dielectric layer 110 close to the cover plate 101 or the surface close to the display panel 104 according to design requirements, wherein the part of the metal grid 120 can be used as an AOD .
  • the cover plate 101 may be a transparent material for light transmission.
  • the cover plate 101 can be ultra-thin glass, which is used to improve the overall mechanical strength of the display module.
  • the cover plate 101 can also be used for dust prevention.
  • the cover plate 101 may be a glass cover plate.
  • the difference between the display module integrated with AOD shown in FIG. 3 and the display module shown in FIG. can be used as a carrier for metal grids. Due to the addition of the transparent medium layer 110 and the metal grid 120 in the display module 100, while meeting the light transmittance requirements and ensuring the display effect of the display, the coverage airspace of the wireless signal is increased, and the signal blind area is avoided, so that the electronic The device has a more reliable connection in the millimeter wave frequency band to meet the needs of communication.
  • the transparent medium layer 110 can be cycloolefin polymer (cyclo olefin polymer, COP), transparent polyimide film (colorless polyimide, CPI), polyester resin (polyethylene terephthalate, PET) or other have high A medium with transparent properties (transmittance ⁇ 90%), which is not limited in this application.
  • the transparent medium layer 110 may be connected to the cover plate 101 through the OCA102.
  • the medium of the transparent medium layer 110 may have certain mechanical strength and flexibility to meet the requirements of the processing process.
  • the dielectric constant of the medium of the transparent medium layer 110 may be between 2 and 4 to meet the radiation characteristics of the antenna.
  • the metal material constituting the metal grid 120 may be a metal alloy, metal oxide or other conductive material, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the metal grid 120 may cover the surface of the transparent medium layer 110 , and when the user uses it, there will be no visual difference due to the lack of the metal grid 120 in some areas, which can increase user experience.
  • the display module 100 may further include a polarizer POL103, wherein the POL103 may be disposed between the cover plate 101 and the transparent medium layer 110, and connected to the cover plate 101 through the OCA102.
  • POL103 can filter reflected light, increase imaging contrast, effectively improve color saturation, and improve picture clarity.
  • the display module 100 may further include a backplane 105, wherein the backplane 105 may be disposed on the side of the OLED 104 away from the cover 101, so as to prevent the electronic components in the electronic device from interfering with the OLED 104 during operation.
  • the display module 100 can include an FPC107, one end of the FPC107 can be electrically connected to the OLED104 in the connection area 1, and the other end can be electrically connected to the touch chip 106 in the electronic device, so as to realize the connection between the OLED104 and the touch chip 106. signal transmission between them.
  • the display module 100 may include an FPC 108 , one end of the FPC 108 may be electrically connected to the metal grid 120 in the connection area 2 , and the other end may be electrically connected or coupled to the radio frequency chip 130 in the electronic device.
  • the radio frequency chip 130 may serve as a feeding unit to feed electrical signals to the antenna structure in the metal grid 120 .
  • the radio frequency chip 130 can be a chip in the radio frequency front end of the electronic device, or it can also be a device in the radio frequency circuit, for example, it can be a power amplifier (power amplifier, PA), a low noise amplifier (low noise amplifier, LNA ) or surface acoustic wave filter (surface acoustic wave, SAW) and other devices.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the metal grid 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application (for example, the cross-sectional view of the metal grid 120 on the XOY plane in FIG. 3 ).
  • the metal grid 200 includes a first region 210 and a second region 220 .
  • a gap 230 is formed between the first region 210 and the second region 220 , that is, the metal grid 200 is divided into the first region 210 and the second region 220 by the gap 230 .
  • the first area 210 may include a first antenna unit 240 .
  • the metal grid is composed of a plurality of grid subunits 201 , and the plurality of grid subunits 201 may be arranged periodically.
  • the first antenna unit 240 is an antenna unit in the shape of a metal grid.
  • the first antenna unit 240 includes a radiating element 250 and a feeding element 260 , one end of the feeding element 260 is electrically connected to the radiating element 250 .
  • the width of any part of the first antenna unit 240 is greater than or equal to the width of the grid subunit 201. It can be understood that the width of the radiating part 250 or the feeding part 260 is greater than or equal to the width of the grid subunit.
  • the width of the radiating part 250 can be It can be regarded as the distance between two opposite edges of any one of the radiating components 250 , or it can also be considered as the distance of any one of the radiating components 250 along a certain direction (for example, the X direction or the Y direction).
  • the first antenna unit 240 is used as an example for description, and the first antenna unit may also be other types of single-layer planar antennas according to actual applications, for example, a dipole sub-antenna, inverted-F antenna, etc., which are not limited in this application.
  • the grid subunit 201 may be a triangle, a square, a rectangle, a hexagon, an octagon, a "middle" shape, or a "Z" shape, which is not limited in this application.
  • This application only takes the grid sub-unit 201 as a rhombus as an example, as shown in FIG. 4 , which can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs.
  • the width D of the gap 230 formed between the first region 210 and the second region 220 is greater than or equal to 6 um.
  • the degree to which the first antenna unit 240 in the first area 230 is affected by the grid sub-units in the second area 230 can be controlled by adjusting the width of the slot 230 .
  • the feeding unit 260 may be electrically connected to a feeding unit 270 in the electronic device, for feeding the radiation unit 250 .
  • the feeding unit 270 may be a radio frequency channel in a radio frequency chip inside the electronic device.
  • the width L1 of the feeding part 260 may be greater than or equal to the width L3 of the grid subunit 201 to ensure good electrical signal transmission, that is, the width L1 of the feeding part 260 satisfies the following formula :
  • L2 is the side length of the grid subunit
  • ⁇ is the included angle in the grid subunit 201 along the current direction on the feeding part.
  • the current direction on the feeding part can be considered as the main current direction, that is, the direction synthesized by multiple current vectors.
  • the main current direction is the Y direction.
  • ⁇ can be an obtuse angle or an acute angle or a right angle, and the main current direction can be understood as the direction of more than 50% of the current intensity on the feeding part.
  • the feeding part 260 includes at least one grid subunit 201 in the width L1 direction (for example, the X direction), which can be understood as the feeding part 260 includes at least one complete grid subunit 201 in the width L1 direction , at least one complete grid subunit 201 will not be divided by the gap, which can ensure good electrical signal transmission and ensure the radiation characteristics of the first antenna unit 240 relative to the divided grid subunit 201 .
  • the radiator component 250 may include a first radiator 251 , a second radiator 252 , a third radiator 253 and a fourth radiator 254 .
  • the feeding part 260 includes a first feeding line 261 and a second feeding line 262 .
  • the first radiator 251, the second radiator 252, the third radiator 253 and the fourth radiator 254 are distributed in a 2 ⁇ 2 array, wherein the first radiator 251 and the third radiator 253 are arranged opposite to each other along the X direction (non-adjacent), the second radiator 252 and the fourth radiator 254 are disposed opposite to each other along the Y direction.
  • One end of the first feeding line 261 is electrically connected to the first radiator 251 and the second radiator 252 respectively
  • one end of the second feeding line 262 is electrically connected to the second radiator 252 and the third radiator 253 respectively.
  • the first antenna unit 240 may include a first connection part 281 and a second connection part 282 .
  • the first connecting piece 281 and the second connecting piece 282 can be a three-port power divider divided into two, including one input port and two output ports, after the electrical signal is fed into the input port, the two output ports can obtain An electrical signal with the same amplitude and phase, half the amplitude of the fed electrical signal.
  • One end of the first feeding line 261 may be electrically connected to the input port of the first connecting member 281 for feeding electrical signals to the first antenna unit 240 .
  • the two output ports of the first connecting member 281 can be electrically connected to the first radiator 251 and the second radiator 252 respectively, and can transmit electrical signals to the first radiator 251 and the second radiator 252 .
  • One end of the second feeding line 262 can be electrically connected to the input port of the second connecting member 282 for feeding electrical signals to the first antenna unit 240 .
  • the two output ports of the second connecting member 282 can be electrically connected to the second radiator 252 and the third radiator 253 respectively, and can transmit electrical signals to the second radiator 252 and the third radiator 253 .
  • the first feeding unit 271 feeds the first radiator 251 and the second radiator 252 through the first feeding line 261 and the first connecting member 281, and the antenna unit can generate the first radiator 251 and the second radiator 252.
  • One resonance The electrical signal of the first radiator 251 can be coupled to the third radiator 253 through the slot, the electrical signal on the second radiator 252 can be coupled to the fourth radiator 254 through the slot, and the antenna unit can generate a second resonance.
  • the polarization modes of the first resonance and the second resonance are the same, which is the first polarization mode. Since the first antenna unit 240 can generate two resonances when fed by the first feeding unit, its working bandwidth is expanded.
  • the antenna unit may generate a third resonance.
  • the electrical signal of the second radiator 252 can be coupled to the first radiator 251 through the slot
  • the electrical signal of the third radiator 253 can be coupled to the fourth radiator 254 through the slot
  • the antenna unit can generate a fourth resonance.
  • the polarization modes of the third resonance and the fourth resonance are the same, which is the second polarization mode. Since the first antenna unit 240 can generate two resonances when fed by the second feed unit, its working bandwidth is expanded.
  • the first polarization mode may be a left-inclined 45-degree polarized antenna
  • the second polarization mode may be a right-inclined 45-degree polarized antenna, which may be applied to a multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) antenna system.
  • MIMO multiple-in multiple-out
  • the angles formed between the polarization direction and the X coordinate axis are -45° and +45°.
  • the fed-in electrical signal is coupled through the slot, and the corresponding two polarization modes can respectively generate two resonances to improve the performance and frequency bandwidth of the MIMO antenna system.
  • the display module may further include an FPC290.
  • One end of the FPC290 is electrically connected to the feeder (for example, the first feeder 261 or the second feeder 262), and the other end of the FPC is electrically connected to the feeder unit 270 of the electronic device.
  • the signal is fed into a first feed line 261 and a second feed line 262 .
  • the FPC includes a plurality of different current paths, and the electrical signal of the power feeding unit 270 can be fed into the first feeding line 261 and the second feeding line 262 through different current paths.
  • the first feeder 261 can be fed into the electrical signal provided by the first feeder unit
  • the second feeder 262 can be fed into the electrical signal provided by the second feeder unit
  • the first feeder unit and the second feeder unit can be
  • the first feeding unit and the second feeding unit are different radio frequency channels in the same radio frequency chip in the electronic device. In this case, adjustments can be made according to actual needs.
  • the working frequency band of the first antenna unit 240 may include a first frequency band, and the first frequency band may be 24.25-29.5 GHz. Alternatively, it may be other millimeter wave frequency bands, for example, 37.5-43.5 GHz, or it may be a higher frequency band, 50 GHz, 60 GHz, which is not limited in the present application and may be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are structural schematic diagrams in which the display panel provided by the embodiment of the present application is an OLED.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of pixels on the OLED provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the metal grid attached to the OLED and the pixel points provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the pixels in the OLED provided in the embodiment of the present application are arranged in a diamond arrangement, which is only used as an example. It should be understood that the sizes of pixels of different display panels may be different, and the sizes of pixels of different colors on the same display panel may also be different, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application only uses the distance D between pixels as 100 um as an example for introduction. The distance D between pixels can be considered as the straight-line distance between the nearest points on adjacent pixels. The present application does not limit the above content, which can be adjusted according to the actual design.
  • Moiré is a kind of high-frequency interference stripes that appear on the display panel, and it is a kind of high-frequency irregular stripes that make the picture appear colorful.
  • the grid subunits will affect the imaging of the pixels, thereby generating moiré patterns and reducing the user experience. experience.
  • the width of the metal wires surrounding the grid sub-units of the metal grid may be less than or equal to 2um, so as to ensure the light characteristics of high transparency and low moiré, and improve user experience.
  • the thickness of the metal wires surrounding the grid subunits of the metal grid can be between 0.7um and 4um, keeping the impedance low to ensure good radiation characteristics of the antenna structure. It should be understood that the thickness of the metal line can be considered as the grid subunit in the z direction
  • the side length L2 of the grid subunit 201 may be twice (2 ⁇ D) the distance D between the pixels shown in FIG. 6 to ensure that there is no obvious moiré
  • the distance D between pixels is 100um
  • the side length L2 of the grid subunit 201 may be about 200um.
  • the acute angle ⁇ in the grid subunit 201 may be between 45° and 90°, and correspondingly, the obtuse angle ⁇ may be between 90° and 135°, so as to ensure a good user visual effect and enhance user experience.
  • the distance L3 between the metal lines of the grid sub-units surrounding the metal grid can be determined according to the angles in the grid sub-units 201 .
  • the side length L2 of the grid subunit 201 may be 200um
  • the acute angle ⁇ in the grid subunit 201 is 67°.
  • the distance L3 between the metal lines is 184.1um.
  • the width of the grid subunit 201 can also be determined according to the angle in the grid subunit 201.
  • the width L4 of the grid subunit 201 corresponding to the obtuse angle ⁇ can be between Between 400um and 450um, the width L5 of the grid subunit 201 corresponding to the acute angle ⁇ may be between 250um and 300um.
  • the width of the grid subunit 201 (for example, the width L4 of the grid subunit 201 corresponding to the obtuse angle ⁇ and the width L5 of the grid subunit 201 corresponding to the acute angle ⁇ in FIG.
  • the impedance of the mesh subunit 201 of the first antenna unit 240 is relatively low, so that the first antenna unit 240 can obtain a sufficiently high antenna radiation efficiency.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the FPC provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the display module can include an FPC320, one end of the FPC320 can be electrically connected to the first antenna unit 310 in the connection area 301, and the other end can be electrically connected to the radio frequency chip 330 in the electronic device, and the FPC320 It can be used to transmit the electrical signal provided by the radio frequency chip 330 in the electronic device to the first antenna unit 310 .
  • the signal transmission part of FPC320 can adopt the solution of strip line, both sides of the signal transmission line are provided with flexible dielectric layers, and the signal transmission line and the signal transmission line are connected by metal vias at both ends of the signal transmission line.
  • the radio frequency chip 330 or the first antenna unit 310 are electrically connected.
  • the dielectric layer in the FPC320 can use low loss materials, such as polyimide (polyimide, PI), liquid crystal polymer (liquid crystal polymer, LCP) and other materials.
  • low loss materials such as polyimide (polyimide, PI), liquid crystal polymer (liquid crystal polymer, LCP) and other materials.
  • the effective contact area between the FPC 320 and the first antenna unit 310 in the connection area 301 will affect the transmission quality of the electrical signal.
  • a bonding adhesive with higher metal particle content and density can be used, such as anisotropic conductive film (ACF).
  • ACF anisotropic conductive film
  • the optimal diameter and density of the metal particles in the bonding glue, as well as the optimal temperature and pressure for bonding can be obtained through process verification or design requirements, which are not limited in this application.
  • the width of the transmission line for transmitting electrical signals on the FPC can be changed, or a matching circuit can be connected in series on the transmission line to perform impedance transformation to achieve matching with the first antenna unit 310 .
  • a notch unit 321 is arranged on the FPC320, and the notch structure 321 can be used to improve the isolation between the first feeder line and the second feeder line, and improve Radiation performance of the first antenna unit 310 .
  • the notch structure 321 can adopt a slot structure, for example, slots are made on both sides of the transmission lines 322 and 323 connected to the first feeder line and the second feeder line of the first antenna structure 310 in the FPC, and the slots on both sides
  • the metal of the ground is grounded (electrically connected to the metal layer in the electronic device), so as to achieve the purpose of improving the isolation between the first feeder line and the second feeder line.
  • the notch structure 321 may further include a C-shaped structure to further improve the isolation between the first feeder line and the second feeder line.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first area of the metal grid may include a first antenna unit 410 , a second antenna unit 420 , a third antenna unit 430 and a fourth antenna unit 440 .
  • the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit 410, the second antenna unit 420, the third antenna unit 430 and the fourth antenna unit 440 can all include the first frequency band, the first antenna unit 410, the second antenna unit 420, the third antenna unit 430
  • the fourth antenna unit 440 and the fourth antenna unit 440 can form an antenna array to improve the capability of signal transmission in the first frequency band.
  • the distance H between the first antenna unit 410, the second antenna unit 420, the third antenna unit 430 and the fourth antenna unit 440 may be greater than one-half of the first wavelength
  • the first wavelength is a wavelength corresponding to a certain frequency point in the first frequency band.
  • the first wavelength can be understood as the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band, or the wavelength generated by any one of the first antenna unit 410, the second antenna unit 420, the third antenna unit 430, and the fourth antenna unit 440.
  • the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point is not limited in this application.
  • the first area of the metal grid may include a plurality of antenna units, and the number thereof may be adjusted according to actual design requirements, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the first frequency band may be a millimeter wave frequency band, and the first frequency band is 24.25-29.5 GHz.
  • FIG. 11 to 13 are diagrams showing simulation results of the antenna array shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 11 is an S-parameter diagram of the antenna array shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 is a simulation result diagram of the system efficiency (total efficiency) of the antenna array shown in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram of simulation results of realized gains of the antenna array shown in FIG. 10 .
  • each antenna element shown in the antenna array is simultaneously fed by its corresponding two feed units (for example, it can be performed through the same feed port).
  • feed the reflection coefficient (S11) corresponding to each feed unit is less than -10dB
  • the isolation (S21) between each antenna unit is less than -14dB , that is, the resonant frequency band generated by each antenna unit in the antenna array may include the first frequency band.
  • the system efficiencies of the antenna units shown in the antenna array are all greater than -6.5dB, and have good radiation characteristics.
  • the realized gain of the antenna array at each frequency point is greater than 7dBi, and has good radiation characteristics.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an AOD design process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical characteristics of the display and the electrical characteristics of the antenna need to be satisfied at the same time, and the following methods can be used to design the AOD.
  • the optical characteristics it can be judged whether the optical characteristics are satisfied according to the arrangement of pixels in the display panel, the stacked components in the display, the metal grid pattern and the process through the optical characteristic function.
  • the components stacked in the display can be adjusted according to the actual design.
  • the metal grid pattern and process can include parameters such as the shape, size, line width, thickness, etc. of the grid subunits in the metal grid.
  • the light characteristics include whether the transmittance of the display formed by using the above-mentioned components and the generated moiré can meet the needs of users.
  • the electrical characteristics it can be judged through the electrical characteristic function according to the metal grid pattern and process whether the typical square resistance of the metal grid can meet the requirements of the electrical characteristics.
  • the metal grid can be cut to form an antenna pattern, and the first antenna unit can be formed.
  • Corresponding antenna parameters such as isolation, efficiency, bandwidth, etc., can be determined through electromagnetic functions according to the first antenna unit, and it is judged whether the electrical characteristic requirement is met, that is, whether the communication requirement of the electronic device is met.
  • the structure of the FPC connected to it can be determined according to different antenna units, for example, the notch structure on the FPC and the bonding process of the connection area between the FPC and the metal grid.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical or other forms.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种显示装置和电子设备，通过在显示装置中增加一层透明介质层，在透明介质层上沉积金属形成金属网格，由金属网格的部分作为天线结构的辐射体。显示装置集成天线后，由于经过光学设计优化，金属网格可以满足透光率要求，不会明显影响显示效果。同时由于在显示装置中集成了天线结构，增加的无线信号的覆盖空域，避免了出现信号盲区，使得电子设备在毫米波频段具有更加可靠的连接，满足通信的需求。

Description

一种显示装置及电子设备
本申请要求于2021年6月3日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110619322.4、申请名称为“一种显示装置及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信领域，尤其涉及显示装置及一种电子设备。
背景技术
随着无线通信技术的快速发展，第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统大规模开发，而利用商用无线毫米波频谱是5G新空口(newradio，NR)与4G(4th generation)网络的关键区别。
基于无线信道，工作在毫米波频段的5G NR可以分为两类：(1)固定服务，比如固定无线接入(fixed wireless access，FWA)、客户前置设备(Customer Premise Equipment，CPE)和基站等；(2)移动服务，比如移动终端和蜂窝终端等用户设备。毫米波生态系统需要同时且无缝运行两种服务。
与毫米波固定服务中CPE和基站类似，毫米波移动服务中的电子设备采用预设的天线阵列配置来减少自由空间的路径损耗，即波束赋形，在指定方向角度产生高指向性的电磁波束，其中所述波束由天线阵列中每一个天线的幅度与相位确定。这与工作在6GHz以下的电子设备采用的天线不同，工作在6GHz以下的电子设备中，天线一般为全向波束天线，这样的球形波束能够实现全覆盖，可以避免电子设备移动造成的无线信号盲区。但是，对于工作在毫米波频段的电子设备而言，要实现高指向天线波束在球面上的快速转向，需要高度复杂的相控阵天线波束控制系统。由于电子设备结构紧凑，物理空间使用受限，因此当前的毫米波天线主要是平面形状，以便于集成。而对于工作在毫米波频段的电子设备而言，需要多个相控阵天线才能实现球形覆盖。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种显示装置和电子设备，通过在显示装置中增加一层透明介质层，在所述透明介质层上沉积金属作为天线辐射体，沉积的金属形成网格且满足透光率要求。显示装置集成天线后，由于经过光学设计优化，不会明显影响显示效果。同时由于在显示装置中集成了天线结构，增加了无线信号的覆盖空域，避免了出现信号盲区，使得电子设备在毫米波频段具有更加可靠的连接，满足通信的需求。
第一方面，提供了一种显示装置，包括：盖板，显示面板，金属网格和透明介质层；其中，所述透明介质层设置在所述盖板和所述显示面板之间；所述金属网格由多个网格子单元组成，位于所述透明介质层表面；所述金属网格包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一 区域和所述第二区域之间形成缝隙；所述第一区域包括第一天线单元，所述第一天线单元包括辐射部件和馈电部件，所述馈电部件的一端与所述辐射部件电连接，所述馈电部件的宽度大于或等于所述网格子单元的宽度。
根据本申请实施例，在透明介质层上设置有金属网格，由金属网格的部分作为天线结构。由于经过光学设计优化，金属网格可以满足透光率要求，不会明显影响显示效果。同时由于在显示装置中集成了天线结构，增加的无线信号的覆盖空域，避免了出现信号盲区，使得电子设备在毫米波频段具有更加可靠的连接，满足通信的需求。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述网格子单元为菱形。
根据本申请实施例，网格子单元可以是三角形，正方形，长方形，六边形，八边形，“中”字形，“Z”字形，本申请对此并不做限制。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述馈电部件的宽度L1满足以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2022090148-appb-000001
其中，L2为所述网格子单元的边长，θ为所述网格子单元中沿所述馈电部件上电流方向的夹角。根据本申请实施例，馈电部件的宽度可以大于或等于网格子单元的宽度，以保证良好的电信号传输。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述网格子单元中的锐角的角度介于45°至90°之间。
根据本申请实施例，网格子单元中的锐角α可以介于45°至90°之间，对应的，钝角β可以介于90°至135°之间，以保证良好的用户视觉效果，增强用户体验。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述网格子单元中锐角对应的宽度介于250um和300um之间。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述网格子单元中钝角对应的宽度介于400um和450um之间。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述网格子单元的宽度小于500um。
根据本申请实施例，当显示面板中的像素点之间的距离为100um时，对应的网格子单元的锐角对应的宽度介于250um和300um之间，钝角对应的宽度介于400um和450um之间，可以避免产生过强的摩尔纹，影响用户体验。同时，宽度(锐角和钝角对应的宽度)可以小于500um，这样可以使组成第一天线单元的网格子单元的阻抗较低，以便第一天线单元获得足够高的天线辐射效率。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述馈电部件在宽度方向上包括至少一个所述网格子单元。
根据本申请实施例，至少一个完整的网格子单元不会被缝隙分切，这样可以保证良好的电信号传输，保证第一天线单元的辐射特性。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一区域和所述第二区域之间形成缝隙的宽度大于或等于6um。
根据本申请实施例，可以通过调整缝隙的宽度，控制第一区域中的第一天线单元240受第二区域的网格子单元的影响程度。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述辐射体部件包括第一辐射体，第二辐射体，第三辐射体和第四辐射体；所述第一辐射体，所述第二辐射体，所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体呈2×2阵列分布，其中，所述第一辐射体和所述第三辐射体相对设置；所述馈电部件包括第一馈电线和第二馈电线，所述第一馈电线的一端分别与所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体电连接，所述第二馈电线的一端分别与所述第二辐射体和所述第三辐射体电连接。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一馈电线馈电时，所述第一辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第四辐射体，所述第二辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第三辐射体；所述第二馈电线馈电时，所述第二辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第一辐射体，所述第三辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第四辐射体。
根据本申请实施例，对于第一天线单元来说，第一馈电单元通过第一馈电线和第一连接件为第一辐射体和第二辐射体馈电，第一辐射体的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第四辐射体，第二辐射体的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第三辐射体，第一天线单元产生第一极化方式的谐振。第二馈电单元通过第二馈电线和第二连接件为第二辐射体和第三辐射体馈电时，第二辐射体的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第一辐射体，第三辐射体的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第四辐射体，第一天线单元产生第二极化方式的谐振。第一极化方式可以为左倾45度极化天线，第二极化方式可以为右倾45度极化天线，提升天线两条馈电通道的隔离度，可以应用于多入多出天线系统。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述显示装置还包括柔性电路板FPC；其中，所述FPC的一端与所述第一馈电线和所述第二馈电线电连接，所述FPC的另一端与所述电子设备的馈电单元电连接；所述FPC上设置有陷波结构，所述陷波结构包括槽型结构或C型结构。
根据本申请实施例，陷波结构可以用于提升第一馈电线和第二馈电线之间的隔离度，提升第一天线单元的辐射性能。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一区域还包括第二天线单元；所述第一天线单元和所述第二天线单元的工作频段包括第一频段；第一天线单元和所述第二天线单元之间的距离大于二分之一个第一波长，所述第一波长为所述第一频段中心频点对应的波长。
根据本申请实施例，金属网格的第一区域中可以包括多个天线单元，其数量可以根据实际的设计需求进行调整，本申请对此并不做限制。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一频段为24.25-29.5GHz，或，37.5-43.5GHz。
根据本申请实施例，第一频段可以为24.25-29.5GHz。或者，也可以是其他毫米波频段，例如，37.5-43.5GHz，或者，也可以是更高的频段，50GHz，60GHz，本申请对此并不做限制，可以根据实际的需求进行调整。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，围成所述网格子单元的金属线的宽度小于或等于2um。
根据本申请实施例，显示装置可以具备高透明低摩尔纹的光特性，提升用户体验。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，围成所述网格子单元的金属线的厚度 介于0.7um和4um之间。
根据本申请实施例，围成所述网格子单元的金属线的厚度介于0.7um和4um之间，这样可以保持阻抗较低，以保证天线结构具有良好的辐射性能。
第二方面，提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括上述第一方面中任一项所述的显示装置。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的电子设备的示意图。
图2是现有技术中的一种显示模组的结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种显示模组100的结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的金属网格200的结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的第一天线结构240的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的OLED上像素点的排布示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的金属网格贴合在OLED上与像素点的相对位置示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的网格子单元的结构示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的FPC的结构示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的天线阵列的结构示意图。
图11是图10所示的天线阵列的S参数图。
图12是图10所示的天线阵列的系统效率的仿真结果图。
图13是图10所示的天线阵列的实现增益的仿真结果图。
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种AOD的设计流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
应理解，在本申请中“电连接”可理解为元器件物理接触并电导通；也可理解为线路构造中不同元器件之间通过印制电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)铜箔或导线等可传输电信号的实体线路进行连接的形式，也可以理解为耦合连接。“通信连接”可以指电信号传输，包括无线通信连接和有线通信连接。无线通信连接不需要实体媒介，且不属于对产品构造进行限定的连接关系。“连接”、“相连”均可以指一种机械连接关系或物理连接关系，例如A与B连接或A与B相连可以指，A与B之间存在紧固的构件(如螺钉、螺栓、铆钉等)，或者A与B相互接触且A与B难以被分离。
本申请提供的技术方案适用于采用以下一种或多种通信技术的电子设备：蓝牙(blue-tooth，BT)通信技术、全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)通信技术、无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)通信技术、全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)通信技术、宽频码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)通信技术、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)通信技术、5G通信技术以及未来其他通信技术等。本申请实施例中的电子设备可以是手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、智能手环、智能手表、智能头盔、智能眼镜等。电子设备还可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop， WLL)站、个人数字助手(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备，5G网络中的电子设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的电子设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。图1示例性示出了本申请提供的电子设备，以电子设备为手机进行说明。
如图1所示，电子设备10可以包括：玻璃盖板(cover glass)13、显示模组(display)15、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)17、中框(housing)19和后盖(rear cover)21。应理解，在一些实施例中，玻璃盖板13也可以被替换为其他材料的盖板，例如超薄玻璃材料盖板，PET(Polyethylene terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)材料盖板等。
其中，玻璃盖板(cover glass，CG)13可以紧贴显示模组15设置，可主要用于对显示模组15起到保护防尘作用。
在一个实施例中，显示模组15可以包括液晶显示面板(liquid crystal display，LCD)，发光二极管(light emitting diode，LED)显示面板或者有机发光半导体(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)显示面板等，本申请对此并不做限制。
其中，印刷电路板PCB17可以采用耐燃材料(FR-4)介质板，也可以采用罗杰斯(Rogers)介质板，也可以采用Rogers和FR-4的混合介质板，等等。这里，FR-4是一种耐燃材料等级的代号，Rogers介质板是一种高频板。印刷电路板PCB17靠近中框19的一侧可以设置一金属层，该金属层可以通过在PCB17的表面蚀刻金属形成。该金属层可用于印刷电路板PCB17上承载的电子元件接地，以防止用户触电或设备损坏。该金属层可以称为PCB地板。不限于PCB地板外，电子设备10还可以具有其他用来接地的地板，可例如金属中框。
其中，电子设备10还可以包括电池(图中未示出)。电池可以设置于中框19内，电池可以将PCB17分为主板和子板，主板可以设置于中框19和电池的上边沿之间，子板可以设置于中框19和电池的下边沿之间。
其中，中框19主要起整机的支撑作用。中框19可以包括边框11，边框11可以由金属等传导性材料形成。边框11可以绕电子设备10和显示模组15的外围延伸，边框11具体可以包围显示模组15的四个侧边，帮助固定显示模组15。在一种实现方式中，金属材料制成的边框11可以直接用作电子设备10的金属边框，形成金属边框的外观，适用于金属工业设计(industrial design，ID)。在另一种实现方式中，边框11的外表面还可以为非金属材料，例如塑料边框，形成非金属边框的外观，适用于非金属ID。
其中，后盖21可以是金属材料制成的后盖，也可以是非导电材料制成的后盖，如玻璃后盖、塑料后盖等非金属后盖。
图1仅示意性的示出了电子设备10包括的一些部件，这些部件的实际形状、实际大小和实际构造不受图1限定。
随着无线通信技术的快速发展，毫米波具有极宽的带宽，并且具有保密性好，传输质量高等优点。因此，对于毫米波频段的应用越来越收到关注。但是，对于工作在毫米波频段的电子设备而言，要实现高指向天线波束在球面上的快速转向，需要高度复杂的相控阵天线波束控制系统。由于电子设备结构紧凑，物理空间使用受限，当前的天线主要是平面形状以便于集成。而对于工作在毫米波频段的电子设备而言，需要多个相控阵天线才能实 现球形覆盖。一种最简单直接的方法是在电子设备的正反表面(屏幕为正面)上分布布置两个毫米波天线，从而实现电磁波的球形覆盖。然而，实际上，电子设备的正面很可能是高分辨率屏幕，即发光二极管或液晶显示模组，模组结构中的金属走线或其他导电层(金属氧化物等)能够阻止电磁波的通过。布局在电子设备的反面的天线仅能够覆盖非显示面的空域，而显示面的空域受到显示模组的影响，很难有信号能够传播到显示模组一侧。一种最简单直接的方法是在电子设备的正反表面(例如，可以将屏幕定义为正面)上分布布置两个毫米波天线(或者两个毫米波天线阵列)，从而实现球形覆盖。然而，实际上，电子设备的正面很可能是高分辨率屏幕，即发光二极管或液晶显示模组，而显示模组结构中的金属走线或其他导电层(金属氧化物等)会阻止电磁波的通过。布局在电子设备的反面的天线发射的电磁波仅能够覆盖非显示面的空域，而显示面的空域受到显示模组的影响，很难有信号能够传播到显示模组一侧。因此，对于工作在毫米波频段的电子设备，波束覆盖严重受到限制。此外，电磁波的横向或纵向传播还受到用户手部的干扰，这给毫米波和太赫兹波段的天线应用增加了限制。为解决这些问题，最近提出了光学不可见显示天线(antenna on display，AOD)的概念，即在将平面天线集成到屏幕的可视区域。该概念很容易在玻璃基板上实现，然而在实际的屏幕中还需要考虑前盖板玻璃、偏光片、触控层等结构的影响。
图2是一种显示模组的结构示意图(例如，图1中显示模组15在XOZ面的剖面图)，可以应用于图1所示的设备中。
如图2所示，显示模组可以包括盖板，偏光片(polarizer，POL)，显示面板和背板(backplane)。
其中，盖板，POL，显示面板和背板依次层叠设置，POL可以通过光学透明粘合剂(optically clear adhesive，OCA)与盖板和显示面板连接，或者POL可以通过自带的胶层(粘合剂)与OLED连接。背板可以是金属材质，可以用于防止电子设备内部的电子元件对屏幕的干扰。显示面板可以为OLED显示面板，也可以是其他类型的显示面板(例如，液晶显示面板)。以显示面板为OLED为例，OLED中可以集成触控传感器，OLED可以在连接区域(例如，图2中显示面板的上表面)通过柔性电路板(flexible printed circuit，FPC)与电子设备内的触控芯片电连接。应理解，在实际的电子设备中，显示面板可能还需要与其他芯片电连接，图2仅作为举例使用，对此并不做限制。
本申请实施例提供了一种显示模组和电子设备，通过在显示模组中增加一层透明介质层，在透明介质层上沉积金属形成金属网格，由金属网格的部分作为天线结构的辐射体。显示模组集成天线后，由于经过光学设计优化，金属网格可以满足透光率要求，不会明显影响显示效果，不会较低用户体验。同时由于在显示模组上集成了天线结构，增加了无线信号的覆盖空域，避免出现信号盲区，使得电子设备在毫米波频段具有更加可靠的连接，满足通信的需求。
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种显示模组100的结构示意图，可以应用于图1所示的设备中。
如图3所示，为本申请实施例提供的显示模组的结构示意图，显示模组100可以包括盖板101，显示面板104，透明介质层110和金属网格120。
其中，透明介质层110可以设置在盖板101和显示面板104之间。金属网格120可以 位于透明金属介质层110表面，也可以根据设计需求设置在透明金属介质层110靠近盖板101的表面或靠近显示面板104的表面，其中金属网格120中的部分可以作为AOD。
在一个实施例中，盖板101可以是透明材料，用于透光。在一些实施例中，盖板101可以为超薄玻璃，用于提升显示模组整体的机械强度。或者，在一些实施例中，盖板101也可以用于防尘。更近一步地，盖板101可以是玻璃盖板。
应理解，图3所示的集成有AOD的显示模组与图2所示的显示模组的区别在于，在其基础上增加了透明介质层110和金属网格120，其中，透明介质层110可以作为金属网格的载体。由于显示模组100中增加了透明介质层110和金属网格120，可以在满足透光率要求，保证显示器的显示效果的同时，增加的无线信号的覆盖空域，避免了出现信号盲区，使得电子设备在毫米波频段具有更加可靠的连接，满足通信的需求。
在一个实施例中，透明介质层110可以是环烯烃聚合物(cyclo olefin polymer，COP),透明聚酰亚胺薄膜(colorless polyimide，CPI)，涤纶树脂(polyethylene terephthalate，PET)或是其他具有高透明特性(透过率≥90％)的介质，本申请对此并不做限制。透明介质层110可以通过OCA102与盖板101连接。透明介质层110的介质可以具有一定的机械强度和柔韧性，以满足加工过程的需要。透明介质层110的介质的介电常数可以介于2和4之间，以满足天线的辐射特性。
在一个实施例中，构成金属网格120的金属材料可以是金属合金，金属氧化物或其他导电材料，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一个实施例中，金属网格120可以覆盖透明介质层110的表面，当用户使用时不会由于有些区域没有设置金属网格120而产生视觉区别，这样可以增加用户体验。
在一个实施例中，显示模组100还可以包括偏光片POL103，其中所述POL103可以设置于盖板101和透明介质层110之间，并通过OCA102与盖板101连接。POL103可以过滤反射光线，增加成像反差，可以有效提高色彩的饱和度，并提高画面的清晰度。
在一个实施例中，显示模组100还可以包括背板105，其中所述背板105可以设置在OLED104远离盖板101一侧，用于防止电子设备内的电子元件工作时对OLED104产生干扰。
在一个实施例中，显示模组100可以包括FPC107，FPC107的一端可以在连接区域1与OLED104电连接，另一端与电子设备内的触控芯片106电连接，以实现OLED104与触控芯片106之间的信号传输。
在一个实施例中，显示模组100可以包括FPC108，FPC108的一端可以在连接区域2与金属网格120电连接，另一端与电子设备内的射频芯片130电连接或耦合连接。其中，射频芯片130可以作为馈电单元为金属网格120中的天线结构馈入电信号。应理解，射频芯片130可以是电子设备内射频前端中的芯片，或者，也可以是射频电路中的器件，例如，可以是功率放大器(power amplifier，PA)，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)或声表面波滤波器(surface acoustic wave，SAW)等器件。
图4是本申请实施例提供的金属网格200的结构示意图(例如，图3中金属网格120在XOY面的剖面图)。
如图4所示，金属网格200包括第一区域210和第二区域220。
其中，第一区域210和第二区域220之间形成缝隙230，即由缝隙230将金属网格200 分为第一区域210和第二区域220。第一区域210可以包括第一天线单元240。
如图5所示，金属网格由多个网格子单元201组成，多个网格子单元201可以呈周期性排布，第一天线单元240为金属网格状的一个天线单元。第一天线单元240包括辐射部件250和馈电部件260，馈电部件260的一端与辐射部件250电连接。第一天线单元240任意一处的宽度均大于或等于网格子单元201的宽度，可以理解为辐射部件250或馈电部件260的宽度大于或等于网格子单元的宽度，辐射部件250的宽度可以是认为是辐射部件250中任意一个部件的相对的两条边沿之间的距离，或者，也可以认为是辐射部件250中任意一个部件沿某一方向(例如，X方向或Y方向)的距离。
应理解，本申请实施例中以第一天线单元240为贴片(patch)天线为例进行说明，第一天线单元根据实际的应用，也可以是其他类型的单层平面天线，例如，偶极子天线，倒F天线等，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一个实施例中，网格子单元201可以是三角形，正方形，长方形，六边形，八边形，“中”字形，“Z”字形，本申请对此并不做限制，为介绍的简洁，本申请仅以网格子单元201为菱形进行举例，如图4所示，可以根据实际的设计或生产需要进行调整。
在一个实施例中，如图4所示，第一区域210和第二区域220之间形成缝隙230的宽度D大于或等于6um。可以通过调整缝隙230的宽度，控制第一区域230中的第一天线单元240受第二区域230的网格子单元的影响程度。
在一个实施例中，如图5所示，馈电部件260可以与电子设备内的馈电单元270电连接，用于为辐射部件250馈电。应理解，馈电单元270可以是电子设备内部的射频芯片中的一条射频通道。
在一个实施例中，如图5所示，馈电部件260的宽度L1可以大于或等于网格子单元201的宽度L3，以保证良好的电信号传输，即馈电部件260的宽度L1满足以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2022090148-appb-000002
其中，L2为网格子单元的边长，θ为网格子单元201中沿馈电部件上电流方向的夹角。馈电部件上电流方向可以认为是主要电流方向，即由多个电流矢量合成的方向，例如，电流沿网格子单元201的边沿传输时，其主要电流方向为Y方向。θ可以是钝角也可以是锐角或者直角，主要电流方向可以理解为馈电部件上超过50％的电流强度的方向。
在一个实施例中，馈电部件260在宽度L1方向(例如，X方向)上包括至少一个网格子单元201，可以理解为馈电部件260在宽度L1方向上包括至少一个完整的网格子单元201，至少一个完整的网格子单元201不会被缝隙分切，相对于被切分的网格子单元201来说，这样可以保证良好的电信号传输，保证第一天线单元240的辐射特性。
在一个实施例中，辐射体部件250可以包括第一辐射体251，第二辐射体252，第三辐射体253和第四辐射体254。馈电部件260包括第一馈电线261和第二馈电线262。其中，第一辐射体251，第二辐射体252，第三辐射体253和第四辐射体254呈2×2阵列分布，其中，第一辐射体251和第三辐射体253沿X方向相对设置(不相邻)，第二辐射体252和第四辐射体254沿Y方向相对设置。第一馈电线261的一端分别与第一辐射体251和第二辐射体252电连接，第二馈电线262的一端分别与第二辐射体252和第三辐射体253电连接。
在一个实施例中，第一天线单元240可以包括第一连接件281和第二连接件282。其中，第一连接件281和第二连接件282可以为三端口的一分二的功分器，包括一个输入端口和两个输出端口，电信号馈入输入端口后，两个输出端口可以获得幅值与相位相同的电信号，其幅值为馈入的电信号的一半。第一馈电线261的一端可以与第一连接件281的输入端口电连接，用于为第一天线单元240馈入电信号。第一连接件281的两个输出端口可以分别与第一辐射体251和第二辐射体252电连接，可以将电信号传输至第一辐射体251和第二辐射体252。第二馈电线262的一端可以与第二连接件282的输入端口电连接，用于为第一天线单元240馈入电信号。第二连接件282的两个输出端口可以分别与第二辐射体252和第三辐射体253电连接，可以将电信号传输至第二辐射体252和第三辐射体253。
应理解，对于第一天线单元240来说，第一馈电单元271通过第一馈电线261和第一连接件281为第一辐射体251和第二辐射体252馈电，天线单元可以产生第一谐振。第一辐射体251的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第三辐射体253，第二辐射体252上的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第四辐射体254，天线单元可以产生第二谐振。在这种情况下，第一谐振和第二谐振的极化方式相同，为第一极化方式。由于第一天线单元240在第一馈电单元馈电时可以产生两个谐振，因此其工作带宽得到拓展。
对应的，第二馈电单元272通过第二馈电线262和第二连接件282为第二辐射体252和第三辐射体253馈电时，天线单元可以产生第三谐振。第二辐射体252的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第一辐射体251，第三辐射体253上的电信号可以通过缝隙耦合到第四辐射体254，天线单元可以产生第四谐振。在这种情况下，第三谐振和第四谐振的极化方式相同，为第二极化方式。由于第一天线单元240在第二馈电单元馈电时可以产生两个谐振，因此其工作带宽得到拓展。
其中，第一极化方式可以为左倾45度极化天线，第二极化方式可以为右倾45度极化天线，可以应用于多入多出(multiple-in multiple-out，MIMO)天线系统。应理解，对于左倾45度极化和右倾45度极化来说，可以认为是其极化方向与X坐标轴所呈角度为-45°和+45°。在第一天线单元240中，馈入的电信号通过缝隙产生耦合，对应的两个极化方式都可以分别产生两个谐振，提升MIMO天线系统的性能和频率带宽。
在一个实施例中，显示模组还可以包括FPC290。FPC290的一端与馈电线(例如，第一馈电线261或者第二馈电线262)电连接，FPC的另一端与电子设备的馈电单元270电连接，FPC290用于将馈电单元270提供的电信号馈入第一馈电线261和第二馈电线262。应理解，FPC中包括多条不同的电流通路，馈电单元270的电信号可以通过不同的电流通路馈入第一馈电线261和第二馈电线262。例如，第一馈电线261可以馈入第一馈电单元提供的电信号，第二馈电线262可以馈入第二馈电单元提供的电信号，第一馈电单元和第二馈电单元可以为发射单元，第一馈电单元和第二馈电单元为电子设备内同一射频芯片中的不同射频通道。在这种情况下，可以根据实际的需求进行调整。
在一个实施例中，第一天线单元240的工作频段可以包括第一频段，第一频段可以为24.25-29.5GHz。或者，也可以是其他毫米波频段，例如，37.5-43.5GHz，或者，也可以是更高的频段，50GHz，60GHz，本申请对此并不做限制，可以根据实际的需求进行调整。
图6和图7是本申请实施例提供的显示面板为OLED的结构示意图。其中，图6是本申请实施例提供的OLED上像素点的排布示意图。图7是本申请实施例提供的金属网格贴 合在OLED上与像素点的相对位置示意图。
如图6所示，本申请实施例所提供的OLED中的像素点采用钻石排列的方式，仅作为举例使用。应理解，不同显示面板的像素点的大小可能不同，同一个显示面板上的不同颜色的像素点的大小也可能不同，本申请对此并不做限制。同时，为介绍的简洁，本申请实施例仅以像素点之间的距离D为100um为例进行介绍。像素点之间的距离D可以认为是相邻像素点上距离最近的点之间的直线距离。本申请对上述内容并不限制，可以根据实际的设计进行调整。
如图7所示，为金属网格贴合在OLED上与像素点之间的相对位置。应理解，由于显示器制备过程中，由于显示器中各个部件的贴合精度远大于2um，为保证用户在使用电子设备时，避免受到显示器中因为增加的金属网格所带来的摩尔纹的影响，不降低用户的使用体验。因此，对于金属网格来说，要在保证天线结构的电特性的同时，保证高透明低摩尔纹的光特性。
用户使用电子设备的时候，显示屏会出现摩尔纹现象，影响用户体验。摩尔纹是一种在显示面板上，出现的高频干扰的条纹，是一种会使图片出现彩色的高频率不规则的条纹。当显示面板的像素点之间的距离D与设置在其上方的网格子单元的边长，宽度等不匹配时，网格子单元就会对像素点的成像产生影响，从而产生摩尔纹，降低用户体验。
在一个实施例中，围成金属网格的网格子单元的金属线的宽度可以小于或等于2um，以保证高透明低摩尔纹的光特性，提升用户体验。
在一个实施例中，围成金属网格的网格子单元的金属线的厚度可以介于0.7um和4um之间，保持阻抗较低，以保证天线结构良好的辐射特性。应理解，金属线的厚度可以认为是网格子单元在z方向
在一个实施例中，如图8所示，网格子单元201的边长L2可以为图6所示的像素点之间的距离D多一倍(2×D)，以保证无明显的摩尔纹，例如，像素点之间的距离D为100um，网格子单元201的边长L2可以约为200um。
在一个实施例中，网格子单元201中的锐角α可以介于45°至90°之间，对应的，钝角β可以介于90°至135°之间，以保证良好的用户视觉效果，增强用户体验。可以根据网格子单元201中的角度确定围成金属网格的网格子单元的金属线之间的距离L3。例如，网格子单元201的边长L2可以为200um，网格子单元201中的锐角α为67°，此时，金属线之间的距离L3为184.1um。对应的，也可以根据网格子单元201中的角度确定网格子单元201的宽度，以网格子单元201的边长L2可以为200um为例，钝角β对应的网格子单元201的宽度L4可以介于400um和450um之间，锐角α对应的网格子单元201的宽度L5可以介于250um和300um之间。
在一个实施例中，网格子单元201的宽度(例如，图8中钝角β对应的网格子单元201的宽度L4和锐角α对应的网格子单元201的宽度L5)可以小于500um，这样可以使组成第一天线单元240的网格子单元201的阻抗较低，以便第一天线单元240获得足够高的天线辐射效率。
图9是本申请实施例提供的FPC的结构示意图。
如图9中的(a)所示，显示模组可以包括FPC320，FPC320的一端可以在连接区域301与第一天线单元310电连接，另一端可以与电子设备中的射频芯片330电连接，FPC320 可以用于将电子设备中射频芯片330提供的电信号传输至第一天线单元310。
在一个实施例中，为了减少电磁干扰，FPC320的信号传输部分可以采用带状线的方案，信号传输线的两侧均设置有柔性介质层，在信号传输线的两端通过金属过孔将信号传输线与射频芯片330或第一天线单元310电连接。
在一个实施例中，为了减小介质损耗，FPC320中的介质层可以应使用具有低损耗的材料，例如聚酰亚胺(polyimide，PI)，液晶聚合物(liquid crystal polymer，LCP)等材料。
在一个实施例中，由于FPC320中传输的电信号为高频信号，FPC320与第一天线单元310在连接区域301的有效接触区域面积会影响电信号的传输质量。为增加在连接区域301的有效接触面积，可以使用具有较高的金属粒子含量和密度的绑定胶，例如异方性导电胶膜(anisotropic conductive film，ACF)。此外，绑定胶中的金属粒子的最佳直径和密度，以及绑定的最佳温度和压力可以通过工艺验证或设计需求得到，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一个实施例中，可以改变FPC上传输电信号的传输线的宽度，或者，也可以在传输线上串入匹配电路，进行阻抗变换以实现与第一天线单元310的匹配。
在一个实施例中，如图9中的(b)所示，FPC320上设置有陷波单元321，陷波结构321可以用于提升第一馈电线和第二馈电线之间的隔离度，提升第一天线单元310的辐射性能。例如，陷波结构321可以采用槽型结构，例如，在FPC中与第一天线结构310的第一馈电线和第二馈电线连接的传输线322和323的两侧开槽，并将槽两侧的金属接地(与电子设备内的金属层电连接)，以实现提升第一馈电线和第二馈电线之间的隔离度的目的。
在一个实施例中，如图9中的(b)所示，陷波结构321中还可以包括C型结构，以进一步提升第一馈电线和第二馈电线之间的隔离度。
图10是本申请实施例提供的天线阵列的结构示意图。
如图10所示，金属网格的第一区域可以包括第一天线单元410，第二天线单元420，第三天线单元430和第四天线单元440。第一天线单元410、第二天线单元420、第三天线单元430和第四天线单元440的工作频段均可以包括第一频段，第一天线单元410、第二天线单元420、第三天线单元430和第四天线单元440可以组成天线阵列，以提升在第一频段上信号传输的能力。为保证天线单元间具有良好的隔离度，第一天线单元410，第二天线单元420，第三天线单元430和第四天线单元440之间的距离H可以大于二分之一个第一波长，第一波长为第一频段中某一频点对应的波长。其中，第一波长可以理解为第一频段的中心频率对应的波长，或者，第一天线单元410、第二天线单元420、第三天线单元430和第四天线单元440中任意一个天线单元产生的谐振点对应的波长，本申请对此并不做限制。
应理解，金属网格的第一区域中可以包括多个天线单元，其数量可以根据实际的设计需求进行调整，本申请对此并不做限制。
在一个实施例中，第一频段可以为毫米波频段，第一频段为24.25-29.5GHz。
图11至图13是图10所示的天线阵列的仿真结果图。其中，图11是图10所示的天线阵列的S参数图。图12是图10所示的天线阵列的系统效率(total efficiency)的仿真结果图。图13是图10所示的天线阵列的实现增益的仿真结果图。
如图11所示，在第一频段(24.25-29.5GHz)内，天线阵列中的所示每个天线单元在其对应的两个馈电单元同时馈电(例如，可以通过同一馈电口进行馈电)时，每个馈电单元对应的反射系数(S11)均小于-10dB，各个天线单元之间(例如，天线单元410和天线单元420之间)的隔离度(S21)均小于-14dB，即天线阵列中每个天线单元所产生的谐振频段，都可以包括第一频段。
如图12所示，在第一频段(24.25-29.5GHz)内，天线阵列中的所示天线单元的系统效率均大于-6.5dB，有良好的辐射特性。
如图13所示，在第一频段(24.25-29.5GHz)内，天线阵列在各个频点的实现增益均大于7dBi，有良好的辐射特性。
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种AOD的设计流程示意图。
如图14所示，对于AOD来说，需要同时满足显示器的光特性及天线的电特性，可以采用以下的方法进行AOD的设计。
对于光特性来说，可以根据显示面板中像素点的排布，显示器中堆叠的部件及金属网格图案和工艺通过光特性函数判断是否满足光特性。其中，显示器中堆叠的部件可以根据实际的设计进行调整。金属网格图案和工艺可以包括金属网格中网格子单元的形状，大小，线宽，厚度等参数。光特性包括采用上述的部件形成的显示器的透光率和产生的摩尔纹是否可以满足用户需求。
对于电特性来说，可以根据金属网格图案和工艺通过电特性函数判断，该金属网格的典型方阻是否可以满足电特性的要求。同时，可以在金属网格上切割形成天线图案，可以形成第一天线单元。可以根据该第一天线单元通过电磁函数确定对应的天线参数，例如，隔离，效率，带宽等，判断是否满足电特性要求，即是否满足电子设备的通信需求。更进一步地，在确定天线图案后，可以根据不同的天线单元确定与其连接的FPC的结构，例如，FPC上的陷波结构及FPC与金属网格连接区域的绑定工艺。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性或其它的形式。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：盖板，显示面板，金属网格和透明介质层；
    其中，所述透明介质层设置在所述盖板和所述显示面板之间；
    所述金属网格由多个网格子单元组成，位于所述透明介质层表面；
    所述金属网格包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域和所述第二区域之间形成缝隙；
    所述第一区域包括第一天线单元，所述第一天线单元包括辐射部件和馈电部件，所述馈电部件的一端与所述辐射部件电连接，所述馈电部件的宽度大于或等于所述网格子单元的宽度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述网格子单元为菱形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述馈电部件的宽度L1满足以下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2022090148-appb-100001
    其中，L2为所述网格子单元的边长，θ为所述网格子单元中沿所述馈电部件上电流方向的夹角。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述网格子单元中的锐角的角度介于45°至90°之间。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述网格子单元中锐角对应的宽度介于250um和300um之间。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述网格子单元中钝角对应的宽度介于400um和450um之间。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述网格子单元的宽度小于500um。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述馈电部件在宽度方向上包括至少一个所述网格子单元。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一区域和所述第二区域之间形成缝隙的宽度大于或等于6um。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述辐射体部件包括第一辐射体，第二辐射体，第三辐射体和第四辐射体；
    所述第一辐射体，所述第二辐射体，所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体呈2×2阵列分布，其中，所述第一辐射体和所述第三辐射体相对设置；
    所述馈电部件包括第一馈电线和第二馈电线，所述第一馈电线的一端分别与所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体电连接，所述第二馈电线的一端分别与所述第二辐射体和所述第三辐射体电连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一馈电线馈电时，所述第一辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第四辐射体，所述第二辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第三辐射体；
    所述第二馈电线馈电时，所述第二辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第一辐射体，所述第三辐射体的电信号通过所述缝隙耦合到所述第四辐射体。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置还包括柔性电路板FPC；
    其中，所述FPC的一端与所述第一馈电线和所述第二馈电线电连接，所述FPC的另一端与所述电子设备的馈电单元电连接；
    所述FPC上设置有陷波结构，所述陷波结构包括槽型结构或C型结构。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一区域还包括第二天线单元；
    所述第一天线单元和所述第二天线单元的工作频段包括第一频段；
    第一天线单元和所述第二天线单元之间的距离大于二分之一个第一波长，所述第一波长为所述第一频段中心频点对应的波长。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一频段为24.25-29.5GHz，或，37.5-43.5GHz。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，围成所述网格子单元的金属线的宽度小于或等于2um。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，围成所述网格子单元的金属线的厚度介于0.7um和4um之间。
  17. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括权利要求1至16中任一项所述的显示装置。
PCT/CN2022/090148 2021-06-03 2022-04-29 一种显示装置及电子设备 Ceased WO2022252899A1 (zh)

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