WO2022262575A1 - 一种信号传输的方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种信号传输的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022262575A1
WO2022262575A1 PCT/CN2022/096457 CN2022096457W WO2022262575A1 WO 2022262575 A1 WO2022262575 A1 WO 2022262575A1 CN 2022096457 W CN2022096457 W CN 2022096457W WO 2022262575 A1 WO2022262575 A1 WO 2022262575A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
real
reference signals
interference
virtual
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/096457
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄煌
高宽栋
马千里
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to MX2023015456A priority Critical patent/MX2023015456A/es
Priority to EP22824055.2A priority patent/EP4351062A4/en
Publication of WO2022262575A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022262575A1/zh
Priority to US18/541,610 priority patent/US20240113836A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H04L5/0051—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/26—Monitoring; Testing of receivers using historical data, averaging values or statistics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/345—Interference values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/346—Noise values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/347—Path loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2657—Carrier synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2673—Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
    • H04L27/2675—Pilot or known symbols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2697—Multicarrier modulation systems in combination with other modulation techniques
    • H04L27/2698—Multicarrier modulation systems in combination with other modulation techniques double density OFDM/OQAM system, e.g. OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2669—Details of algorithms characterised by the domain of operation
    • H04L27/2672—Frequency domain

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a method and device for signal transmission.
  • the sending end processes the data to be sent, and sends the processed signal to the receiving end through a wireless channel, and the receiving end processes the received signal to obtain the data sent by the sending end.
  • Phase noise will make the performance of the communication system degrade or even fail to work. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a method to deal with phase noise. Estimate and remove.
  • the present application provides a signal transmission method and device for estimating phase noise, improving phase noise estimation accuracy, and reducing overhead.
  • a signal transmission method is provided.
  • the sending end acquires the first signal and sends the first signal.
  • the first signal includes a data signal and M reference signals
  • the first signal may include M1 first virtual reference signals, or the first signal may include M2 first real reference signals, or the first signal may include M1 first virtual reference signals and M2 first real reference signals. reference signal.
  • the data signal can be a complex signal, and the data signal can be separated into a real data signal and a dummy data signal, wherein the real data signal is located at the real signal position, and the dummy data signal is located at the imaginary signal position.
  • the real signal position may be an even-indexed position, and the imaginary signal position may be an odd-indexed position.
  • the real signal position may be a position with an odd index
  • the imaginary signal position may be a position with an even index
  • the first imaginary reference signal located at the position of the real signal, and/or the first real reference signal located at the position of the imaginary signal is used for phase noise estimation, so that the receiving end can estimate the phase noise, and the estimated phase noise noise removal.
  • the method can also improve the phase noise estimation precision and reduce the signal overhead. This method is also applicable to different scenarios such as single-user and multi-user.
  • both the sending end and the receiving end can know the amplitude of the reference signal.
  • the amplitudes of the optional reference signals are fixed, for example, the amplitudes of the M1 first virtual reference signals are a first preset value, and/or the amplitudes of the M2 first real reference signals are a second preset value.
  • the first preset value can be any value
  • the second preset value can be any value
  • the first preset value and the second preset value can be the same or different.
  • the polarity of the reference signal can indicate the positive or negative of the amplitude
  • the transmitting end can adjust the polarity of the reference signal
  • the receiving end can estimate the polarity of the reference signal, so that the receiving end can use the amplitude of the reference signal and the estimated polarity Polarity, phase noise is estimated, where the polarity of the reference signal is related to one or more messages.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of the interference signal received by the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first virtual reference signal is the same as or opposite to the polarity of the interference signal received by the first virtual reference signal
  • the polarity of the first real reference signal is the same as the polarity of the interference signal received by the first real reference signal or the other way around.
  • the interference signal received by the first virtual reference signal may include one or more of the following: a data signal, a first real reference signal and a second virtual reference signal, wherein the second virtual reference signal is located at a virtual signal position.
  • the data signal when there are only M1 first virtual reference signals, the data signal interferes with the first virtual reference signal, and when there are M3 second virtual reference signals and M1 first virtual reference signals, the M3 second virtual reference signals and The data signals respectively interfere with the first virtual reference signal.
  • the real data signal at the position of the real signal among the data signals interferes with the first virtual reference signal.
  • the interference signal received by the first real reference signal may include one or more of the following: a data signal, a first virtual reference signal and a second real reference signal, wherein the second real reference signal is located at the position of the real signal.
  • the data signal has an interference signal to the first real reference signal
  • M4 second real reference signals and M2 first real reference signals the M4 second real reference signals
  • the and data signals respectively interfere with the first real reference signal.
  • the dummy data signal located at the dummy signal position in the data signal interferes with the first real reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of adjacent signals of the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first virtual reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of adjacent first virtual reference signals, and/or the polarity of the first real reference signal is the same as that of adjacent first real reference signals.
  • the data signal includes a real data signal and a virtual data signal, the real data signal is located at the position of the real signal, and the virtual data signal is located at the position of the virtual signal; the polarity of the first virtual reference signal is the same as that of the first virtual reference signal.
  • the polarities of the adjacent dummy data signals are the same or opposite; the polarities of the first real reference signal are the same or opposite to the polarities of the real data signals adjacent to the first real reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is determined by the identifier of the device receiving the first signal.
  • the device receiving the first signal may be a receiving end.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is determined by the identifier of the device sending the first signal.
  • the device that sends the first signal may be a sending end.
  • the transmitting end can also determine the signal value set of each polarity set in multiple polarity sets of the reference signal, and the polarity set includes M reference signals (optional) and M reference signals
  • the polarity of the signal, the signal value set includes at least one of the following: the first signal value of M1 first virtual reference signal superimposed interference signal, the second signal value of M2 first real reference signal superimposed interference signal; In the value set, select the first signal value or the second signal value with the smallest absolute value. If the first maximum value corresponding to the first signal value with the smallest absolute value is selected, determine the first polarity set corresponding to the signal value set to which the first maximum value belongs, and determine the poles of the M reference signals according to the first polarity set sex.
  • the second maximum value corresponding to the second signal value with the smallest absolute value is selected, determine the second polarity set corresponding to the signal value set to which the second maximum value belongs, and determine the poles of the M reference signals according to the second polarity set sex.
  • maximizing the minimum interference signal amplitude value in the interference signal can reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the signal.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • the interference signal superimposed on the first virtual reference signal is the interference signal received by the first virtual reference signal.
  • the interference signal superimposed on the first real reference signal is the interference received by the first real reference signal.
  • the amplitudes of the two dummy data signals adjacent to the M1 first dummy reference signals are the same, but the polarities are opposite, and/or the two real data signals adjacent to the M2 first real reference signals are Same magnitude, opposite polarity.
  • the signal value of the first signal is a fixed value, or greater than a preset signal value.
  • the first signal further includes at least one of the following: M3 second virtual reference signals, M4 second real reference signals, M3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and M4 is an integer greater than or equal to 0 integer.
  • the second imaginary reference signal is located at the position of the imaginary signal, and/or the second real reference signal is located at the position of the real signal.
  • the second virtual reference signal and the second real reference signal are used as redundant reference signals, which can further reduce the PAPR of the signal.
  • the second virtual reference signal is spaced apart from the first virtual reference signal, that is, the first virtual reference signal is inserted between every two virtual reference signals, and the first virtual reference signal is inserted between every two first virtual reference signals. There are two dummy reference signals inserted. And/or the second real reference signal is spaced apart from the first real reference signal, that is, the first real reference signal is inserted between every two real reference signals, and the second real reference signal is inserted between every two first real reference signals. reference signal.
  • the interference signal of the first virtual reference signal includes a first interference signal and a second interference signal
  • the first interference signal is the interference signal of the data signal to the first virtual reference signal
  • the second interference signal is M3 The interference signal of a second virtual reference signal to the first virtual reference signal.
  • the sum (or the magnitude of the sum) of the value of the first interference signal and the value of the second interference signal is a third preset value.
  • the difference (or the magnitude of the difference) between the value of the first interference signal and the value of the second interference signal is a preset value.
  • the interference signal of the first real reference signal includes a third interference signal and a fourth interference signal
  • the third interference signal is the interference signal of the data signal to the first real reference signal
  • the fourth interference signal is M4 The interference signal of the second real reference signal to the first real reference signal.
  • the sum (or the magnitude of the sum) of the value of the third interference signal and the value of the fourth interference signal is a fourth preset value.
  • the difference (or the magnitude of the difference) between the value of the third interference signal and the value of the fourth interference signal is a fourth preset value.
  • the first signal may include M1 first virtual reference signals, and/or if the ID of the device receiving the first signal is even, the first signal may It includes M2 first real reference signals.
  • the sequence formed by M1 first virtual reference signals is orthogonal to the sequence formed by M2 first real reference signals.
  • the first signal may include M1 first virtual reference signals, and/or if the port number sending the first signal is even, the first signal may It includes M2 first real reference signals.
  • a signal transmission method is provided.
  • the receiving end acquires the second signal, processes the second signal, and obtains the third signal.
  • the third signal includes a data signal and M reference signals
  • the receiving end can perform the inverse operation processing corresponding to the generation of the first signal on the second signal, so as to estimate the phase noise.
  • amplitudes of the M1 first virtual reference signals are a first preset value; amplitudes of the M2 first real reference signals are a second preset value.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of the interference signal received by the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of adjacent signals of the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first virtual reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of the adjacent first virtual reference signal
  • the polarity of the first real reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of the adjacent first real reference signal. on the contrary.
  • the data signal includes a real data signal and a virtual data signal, the real data signal is located at the position of the real signal, and the virtual data signal is located at the position of the virtual signal; the polarity of the first virtual reference signal is the same as that of the first virtual reference signal.
  • the polarities of the adjacent dummy data signals are the same or opposite; the polarities of the first real reference signal are the same or opposite to the polarities of the real data signals adjacent to the first real reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is determined by the identifier of the device receiving the third signal.
  • the device receiving the third signal may be a receiving end.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is determined by the identifier of the device sending the third signal.
  • the device that sends the third signal may be a sending end.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is the same as that of the third signal.
  • the amplitudes of the two dummy data signals adjacent to the M1 first dummy reference signals are the same, but the polarities are opposite, and/or the two real data signals adjacent to the M2 first real reference signals are Same magnitude, opposite polarity.
  • the third signal further includes at least one of the following: M3 second virtual reference signals, M4 second real reference signals, M3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and M4 is an integer greater than or equal to 0 integer.
  • the second imaginary reference signal is located at the position of the imaginary signal, and/or the second real reference signal is located at the position of the real signal.
  • the second virtual reference signal is spaced from the first virtual reference signal; the second real reference signal is spaced from the first real reference signal.
  • the interference signal of the first virtual reference signal includes a first interference signal and a second interference signal
  • the first interference signal is the interference signal of the data signal to the first virtual reference signal
  • the second interference signal is M3 The interference signal of a second virtual reference signal to the first virtual reference signal.
  • the sum (or the magnitude of the sum) of the value of the first interference signal and the value of the second interference signal is a third preset value.
  • the difference (or the magnitude of the difference) between the value of the first interference signal and the value of the second interference signal is a preset value.
  • the interference signal of the first real reference signal includes a third interference signal and a fourth interference signal
  • the third interference signal is the interference signal of the data signal to the first real reference signal
  • the fourth interference signal is M4 The interference signal of the second real reference signal to the first real reference signal.
  • the sum (or the magnitude of the sum) of the value of the third interference signal and the value of the fourth interference signal is a fourth preset value.
  • the difference (or the magnitude of the difference) between the value of the third interference signal and the value of the fourth interference signal is a preset value.
  • a communication device in a third aspect, is provided, and the communication device may be the above-mentioned sending end or receiving end, or a chip provided in the sending end or receiving end.
  • the communication device may implement the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the communication device includes a corresponding module, unit, or means (means) for implementing the above method, and the module, unit, or means may be implemented by hardware, software, or by executing corresponding software on hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above functions.
  • a communication device including a transceiver unit.
  • the communication device further includes a processing unit.
  • the communication device may implement the method in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • a communication device including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory, and can be used to execute instructions in the memory, so that the device executes the method in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • the device further includes a memory.
  • the device further includes an interface circuit, and the processor is coupled to the interface circuit.
  • the interface circuit may be a code/data read-write interface circuit, which is used to receive computer-executed instructions (computer-executed instructions are stored in the memory, may be read directly from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit them to the processor , so that the processor executes computer-executed instructions to perform the method of any one of the above aspects.
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system.
  • a communication device including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, and can receive signals through the receiver and transmit signals through the transmitter, so as to execute the method in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • processors there are one or more processors, and one or more memories.
  • the memory can be integrated with the processor, or the memory can be set separately from the processor.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be respectively arranged in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the memory and the configuration of the memory and the processor.
  • a non-transitory memory such as a read-only memory (read only memory, ROM)
  • ROM read only memory
  • the communication device can be a chip, and the processor can be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor can be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processing
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, and may be implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory.
  • the memory may be integrated in the processor, or it may be located outside the processor and exist independently.
  • a processor including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is used to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor executes the method in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a chip
  • the input circuit can be an input pin
  • the output circuit can be an output pin
  • the processing circuit can be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example but not limited to, the receiver
  • the output signal of the output circuit may be, for example but not limited to, output to the transmitter and transmitted by the transmitter
  • the circuit may be the same circuit, which is used as an input circuit and an output circuit respectively at different times.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • a communication device including: a logic circuit and an input-output interface, the input-output interface is used to communicate with a module other than the communication device; the logic circuit is used to run a computer program to execute any of the above aspects. described method.
  • the communication device may be the sending end or receiving end in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect, or a device including the sending end or receiving end, or a device included in the sending end or receiving end, such as a chip.
  • the input/output interface may be a code/data read/write interface circuit, and the input/output interface is used to receive a computer program (the computer program is stored in the memory, may be directly read from the memory, or may pass through other devices) and transmit it to the An input and output interface, so that the input and output interface runs a computer program to perform the method described in any one of the above aspects.
  • the communication device may be a chip.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or an instruction), which, when the computer program is executed, causes the computer to perform the above-mentioned first or second aspect.
  • a computer-readable medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction) when it is run on a computer, so that the computer executes the above-mentioned first aspect or the second aspect method in .
  • a chip system in an eleventh aspect, includes a processor and an interface, configured to support a communication device to implement the functions involved in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the chip system further includes a memory, and the memory is used to store necessary information and data of the aforementioned communication device.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • a functional entity is provided, and the functional entity is used to implement the methods in the first aspect to the second aspect above.
  • a thirteenth aspect provides a communication system, including the sending end and the receiving end of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the technical effect brought about by any one of the design methods from the third aspect to the thirteenth aspect can refer to the technical effect brought about by the above-mentioned first aspect, and will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain processing flow
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a complex signal
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a real data signal and an imaginary data signal
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain processing flow
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a waveform of a real data signal and an imaginary data signal
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a sending end processing flow provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a receiving end processing flow provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a signal phase provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a signal phase provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a signal phase provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application presents various aspects, embodiments or features in terms of a system that can include a number of devices, components, modules and the like. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed in connection with the figures. In addition, combinations of these schemes can also be used.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • a wireless communication system including a sending end and a receiving end.
  • the sending end can modulate the data to be sent to obtain modulation symbols, and generate corresponding waveforms (also called electromagnetic waves) through shaping filters in the time-frequency domain.
  • the transmitter can transmit the waveform into the wireless channel.
  • the receiving end receives the waveform in the wireless channel, and filters it through a matched filter to obtain a demodulated signal.
  • a waveform is a graphical abstraction of the distribution of a signal (also called a wireless signal) in time or frequency, that is to say, the waveform carries the signal.
  • signals may be communicated in different combinations of different symbols.
  • a wireless channel also called a channel, is used to represent the path between the sending end and the receiving end in wireless communication.
  • the sender can be but not limited to ground equipment or satellite.
  • the receiving end can be but not limited to ground equipment or satellite.
  • the sending end can be a terminal device or a network device.
  • the receiving end can be a terminal device or a network device.
  • the sending end can also be used as the receiving end to realize functions such as signal acquisition and processing, and the receiving end can also be used as the sending end to realize functions such as signal generation and transmission, that is,
  • a physical device can be the sender, or it can be the receiver, or both.
  • the frequency band is used for communication between the sending end and the receiving end.
  • a frequency band has multiple channels, for example, a 2.4 GHz (Giga Hertz, GHz) frequency band has 14 channels, and the bandwidth of each channel may be 22 megahertz (megahertz, MHz).
  • Frequency bands include but are not limited to millimeter wave frequency bands and Sub-6GHz.
  • Millimeter wave refers to electromagnetic waves with a wavelength between 1-10 millimeters (mm), and the millimeter wave frequency band is 30GHz-300GHz.
  • Sub-6GHz refers to electromagnetic waves with a frequency band lower than 6GHz. The bandwidth that the millimeter wave frequency band can provide is greater than Sub-6GHz, so the millimeter wave frequency band has the characteristics of large bandwidth and highly integrated antenna array, which can achieve higher throughput.
  • the single-carrier offset quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-OQAM) technology can be selected to generate a waveform with a lower PAPR.
  • SC-OQAM waveform the waveform generated using the SC-OQAM technology will be referred to as an SC-OQAM waveform, or an SC-OQAM signal hereinafter.
  • PAPR is the ratio of the peak power of the signal in one period to the average power of the signal in the period.
  • the signal is a sine wave with continuously changing amplitude in the time domain.
  • the peak power and average power of the amplitude of the signal in one period may be different from the peak power and average power of the amplitude of the signal in other periods, that is to say, the PAPR of one period may be different from the PAPR of other periods.
  • the sending end is equipped with a power amplifier, which amplifies the power of the signal within the set range. If the amplified power exceeds the set range, the signal will be distorted, and the receiving end will not be able to correctly analyze the distorted signal. Therefore, in order to ensure that the peak power of the signal is within the setting range of the power amplifier, the average power of the signal can be reduced, but this will result in lower efficiency of the power amplifier or a smaller equivalent coverage of the signal. In order to meet the coverage requirements of the signal, a technology with a lower PAPR can be selected, such as SC-OQAM technology.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the technology used to generate the signal, and other technologies except SC-OQAM may also use the signal transmission method provided in the present application.
  • SC-OQAM may also use the signal transmission method provided in the present application.
  • other techniques may be techniques capable of generating lower PAPR.
  • phase noise Phase noise (phase noise, PHN), which generates a random phase offset to the signal in the time domain.
  • phase noise phase noise
  • phase noise is simply referred to as phase noise.
  • the phase can indicate the position of the signal, and the phase is generally expressed in angle.
  • cyclic prefix cyclic prefix, CP
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • PTRS phase tracking reference signal
  • the data signal may be encoded data or unencoded data.
  • the data signals may be located at even indexed locations, or may be odd indexed locations.
  • a data signal can be understood as a signal carrying data.
  • the data signal may optionally be a complex signal.
  • the complex signal may include at least one of the following: a real data signal and an imaginary data signal, wherein the real data signal is a real part signal of the data signal, and the imaginary data signal is an imaginary part signal of the data signal.
  • the position where the real data signal is located is the real signal position, that is, the position where the waveform for carrying the real data signal is located is the real signal position.
  • the position of the dummy data signal is the dummy signal position, that is, the position of the waveform for carrying the dummy data signal is the dummy signal position.
  • the position of the real signal is at the position of the even index
  • the position of the imaginary signal is at the position of the odd index.
  • the position of the imaginary signal is at the position of the odd index.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and multiple refers to two or more.
  • the wireless communication system can be a fourth generation (4th generation, 4G) communication system (for example, a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system), a fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) communication system (for example, NR system), and future mobile communication systems, etc.
  • 4G fourth generation
  • 5th generation, 5G fifth generation
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may also be applied to a satellite communication system, where the satellite communication system may be integrated with a wireless communication system.
  • the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application is suitable for communication between network devices and terminal devices.
  • a communication system may include one or more network devices and one or more terminal devices.
  • the communication system may include one network device (eg, network device 100 ), and multiple terminal devices (eg, terminal device 110 and terminal device 111 ).
  • the communication system may include multiple network devices (such as network device 101, network device 102, and network device 103), and a terminal device (such as terminal device 112).
  • the communication system in the embodiment of the present application may also be applicable to communication between network devices, communication between terminal devices, and communication between the Internet of Vehicles, the Internet of Things, and the Industrial Internet.
  • the network device in this embodiment of the present application is a device for connecting a terminal device to a wireless network.
  • the network device may be a node in a radio access network, may also be called a base station, and may also be called a radio access network (radio access network, RAN) node (or device).
  • RAN radio access network
  • the network equipment may include an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or eNodeB, evolved Node B) in an LTE system or an evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A), such as a traditional macro base station eNB and a heterogeneous network scenario or it can also include the next generation node B (next generation node B, gNB) in the 5G NR system, or it can also include the transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), base band unit (base band unit, BBU), base band pool BBU pool, or wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi) access point (access point, AP), etc.; or It can also include the centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) and distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) in the cloud access network (cloud radio access network, CloudRAN) system; or it can include non-terrestrial network (non-terrestrial network (non
  • the terminal device in this embodiment of the present application may be a device for implementing a wireless communication function, such as a terminal or a chip that may be used in the terminal.
  • the terminal may be user equipment (user equipment, UE), access terminal, terminal unit, terminal station, mobile station, mobile station, Remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, wireless communication device, terminal agent or terminal device, etc.
  • An access terminal may be a cellular telephone, a cordless telephone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) telephone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices or wearable devices, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal devices, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal devices, industrial control (industrial Wireless terminals in control, wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, wireless terminals in transportation safety Terminals, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the terminal may be a terminal in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) (such as a vehicle-to-everything device), a terminal in device-to-device (Device to Device) communication, or a machine-to-machine (M2M) Communication terminals, etc.
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • Terminals can be mobile or fixed.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain processing flow of a possible SC-OQAM technology.
  • the transmitting end modulates the data to obtain a modulated signal, where the modulated signal is a complex signal 310 .
  • the modulation signal includes one or more modulation symbols.
  • a possible waveform of a complex signal is shown in Figure 4.
  • One waveform carries a complex signal, and the two waveforms are orthogonal, that is, the amplitude of one waveform is 0 at the sampling point of the signal carried by the next waveform.
  • the sending end separates the real part and the imaginary part of the complex signal 310 to obtain a real data signal 311 and an imaginary data signal 312.
  • the sending end performs up-sampling processing on the real data signal 311 to obtain a real data signal 313 , and performs up-sampling processing on the imaginary data signal 312 to obtain an imaginary data signal 314 .
  • the sending end doubles the upsampling of the real data signal 311, and the obtained real data signal 313 is [X, 0, X, 0, X, 0, ...], and doubles the upsampling of the imaginary data signal 312,
  • the resulting dummy data signal 314 is [jY, 0, jY, 0, jY, 0, . . . ].
  • the sending end delays (also called offset) the real data signal 313 or the dummy data signal 314 .
  • the sending end delays the dummy data signal 314 to obtain the dummy data signal 315 as [0, jY, 0, jY, 0, jY, . . . ].
  • a data signal 316 is obtained as [X, jY, X, jY, X, jY, . . . ].
  • the transmitting end uses a shaping filter to perform pulse shaping on the combined data signal 316.
  • Pulse shaping can reduce the PAPR of the signal, limit the transmission bandwidth required by the signal, and weaken or remove the interference caused by the signal.
  • the transmitting end performs down-sampling on the pulse-shaped data signal, and the down-sampled signal can be transmitted to the radio frequency module and sent to the receiving end through the antenna.
  • the orthogonal relationship between the complex signals in Figure 4 becomes a partial orthogonal relationship between the real data signal and the imaginary data signal, and the partial orthogonal relationship has partial interference.
  • a possible waveform of the real data signal and the imaginary data signal is shown in FIG. 5 , the waveform shown by the solid line carries the real data signal, and the waveform shown by the dotted line carries the dummy data signal.
  • the amplitude of the waveform carrying the real data signal at the sampling point of the (adjacent) waveform carrying the dummy data signal is non-zero
  • the amplitude of the waveform carrying the dummy data signal at the sampling point of the (adjacent) waveform carrying the real data signal is non-zero
  • the real data signal transmitted at the real signal location generates real interference to the dummy data signal transmitted at the dummy signal location
  • the dummy data signal generates virtual interference to the real data signal.
  • the receiving end when the receiving end receives the real data signal, it can discard the dummy data signal, that is, remove the interference of the dummy data signal on the received real data signal, and when receiving the dummy data signal, it can discard the real data signal, that is, remove the real data signal.
  • the interference of the data signal to the received dummy data signal so that the receiving end can receive and process the data correctly. It can be seen that the peaks of the waveform of the real data signal are superimposed with the non-peaks of the waveform of the virtual data signal, and this processing method of staggering the peaks can reduce the PAPR.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frequency domain processing flow of a possible SC-OQAM technology.
  • the complex signal 310 has N points, and the combined data signal 316 has 2N points, that is, the length of the data signal 316 is twice that of the complex signal 310 .
  • the sending end performs 2N-point discrete Fourier transform (discrete fourier transform, DFT) processing on the data signal 316 .
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the transmitting end uses a filter to perform first filtering processing on the data signal after the DFT processing, to obtain the data signal 317 .
  • the number of points of the data signal 317 may be J, where J is greater than or equal to N, and J is less than or equal to 2N.
  • the second filtering process can be performed on the data signal after DFT or before DFT to generate an interference signal, that is, the real data signal will generate interference at the position of the virtual signal, and the virtual data signal will generate interference at the position of the real signal.
  • the second filtering process may be the same as or different from the first filtering process.
  • the interference signal mentioned below may be generated by performing a second filtering process on the data signal after DFT or before DFT.
  • the data after DFT processing is redundant, so frequency domain filtering can be performed on the redundant signal without performance loss.
  • the transmitting end maps the data signal 317 to J subcarriers.
  • the sending end pads the data signals on the J subcarriers with zeros, performs an M-point inverse fast Fourier transformation (IFFT), and then adds CP and sends it to the receiving end.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transformation
  • the peaks of the real data signal and the peaks of the imaginary data signal are staggered, which can reduce the PAPR.
  • phase noise in the propagation of electromagnetic waves, which makes the performance of the communication system degrade or even fail to work. Therefore, the estimation of the phase noise can be performed, so as to ensure the performance of the communication system.
  • phase noise estimation may be performed based on the low PAPR waveform shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 6 .
  • a reference signal is inserted on the basis of the data signal, as shown in Figure 7, there are real data signals X 1 and X 2 in the position of the real signal, and a dummy data signal jY 1 in the position of the imaginary signal, and a real reference signal is inserted in the position of the real signal
  • dummy reference signals jQ 2 and jQ 4 are inserted at the dummy signal positions.
  • the signal Z I of imaginary signal position (jQ I +INT), jQ I refers to the imaginary data signal or imaginary reference signal of imaginary signal position, and INT refers to real interference signal, for example the real interference signal INT of imaginary data signal jY 1 comprises real data Signals X 1 , X 2 , real reference signals Q 1 and Q 3 , that is to say, the imaginary signal position is interfered by the signal sent by the real signal position.
  • the signal Z Q of the real signal position (Q Q +jINT), Q Q refers to the real data signal or the real reference signal of the real signal position, and jINT refers to the virtual interference signal, such as the virtual interference signal jINT of the real reference signal Q 1 includes virtual data Signal jY 1 , virtual reference signals jQ 2 and jQ 4 , that is to say, the real signal position has interference from the signal sent by the virtual signal position.
  • the receiving end can extract the imaginary part of the received signal at the position of the imaginary signal, and extract the real part of the signal received at the position of the real signal, so that the signal can be received correctly.
  • the signal such as jQ I or Q Q
  • the interference signal such as INT or jINT
  • Z Q (Q Q + jINT)
  • Z Q (Q Q +jINT)*exp(1i* ⁇ )
  • ⁇ is phase noise
  • phase noise may cause part of the energy of INT to become an imaginary number, thus causing Q Q and jINT to intersect and not be orthogonal, affecting reception The correct reception of the terminal signal.
  • Q 1 and Q 3 are used to eliminate the interference of jQ 2 and jQ 4 , do not participate in the phase noise estimation process, and cannot be used to transmit data, and Q 1 and Q 3 are redundant signals. Therefore, the phase noise estimation accuracy of the PTRS designed here is low, and PTRS has additional overhead.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a signal transmission method, which can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 .
  • the first signal sent by the transmitting end includes a data signal and a reference signal, the first virtual reference signal in the reference signal is located at the position of the real signal of the first signal, and/or the first real reference signal in the reference signal is located at the virtual position of the first signal Signal position, the reference signal is used for phase noise estimation, which can improve the accuracy of phase noise estimation and reduce signal overhead.
  • the first signal may be PTRS.
  • the first signal may include a data signal.
  • the data signal may be located at the position of the even index of the first signal, or the data signal may be located at the position of the odd index of the first signal, or not limited to the index of the position, such as the data signal may be located at the odd index of the first signal
  • the position of the index is also at the position of the even index.
  • the first signal may be [ C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , .
  • the data signal may optionally be a complex signal, and the data signal may include a real data signal and/or an imaginary data signal.
  • the real data signal may be located at the position of the real signal of the first signal, and the dummy data signal may be located at the position of the imaginary signal of the first signal.
  • the real signal position may be a position with an even index
  • the imaginary signal position may be a position with an odd index.
  • the position of the real signal may be the position of the odd index
  • the position of the imaginary signal may be the position of the even index (the following description mainly takes this case as an example).
  • the data signal C X+jY, wherein when X is 0, the data signal includes a dummy data signal, when Y is 0, the data signal includes a real data signal, and when X is not 0 and Y is not 0, the data signal includes a real data signal and
  • the imaginary data signal, the first signal can be [X 1 , jY 1 , X 2 , jY 2 , X 3 , jY 3 ,...], the real signal position of the first signal has real data signals X 1 , X 2 and X 3 etc., there are dummy data signals jY 1 , jY 2 and jY 3 etc. on the dummy signal position of the first signal.
  • the real data signal and the imaginary data signal can be The signal is upsampled and delayed more than twice, and there is no limitation here.
  • phase noise estimation is realized by inserting reference signals.
  • the first real reference signal and/or the first virtual reference signal, the second real reference signal and/or the second virtual reference signal, and multiple Users and other possible situations are explained.
  • the first signal includes a first dummy reference signal, and the first dummy reference signal is located at the position of the real signal, that is, the first dummy reference signal is inserted at the position of the real signal.
  • Figure 8 is a possible signal transmission process, which includes:
  • the sending end may generate the first signal itself, or the sending end may obtain the first signal from other devices (the first signal is generated by other devices, and the sending end may receive the first signal sent by other devices).
  • the sending end itself generates the first signal for illustration, and the process of generating the first signal by other devices is similar to that of the sending end, so details are not repeated here.
  • the first signal includes a data signal
  • the M1 first virtual reference signals are located at the real signal positions of the first signal. That is to say, the transmitting end may insert (or set) M1 first virtual reference signals at the real signal position of the first signal.
  • the real signal positions (or indexes of the real signal positions) of the M1 first virtual reference signals may be continuous or discontinuous.
  • the M reference signals may be obtained after processing the data signals.
  • the first signal when the number of the port used by the sending end to send the first signal is odd (or even), the first signal may include M1 first virtual reference signals. In another example, when the identifier of the receiving end (that is, the device that acquires or receives the first signal) is odd (or even), the first signal may include M1 first virtual reference signals. In yet another example, the sending end processes the data signal to determine M1 first virtual reference signals among the M reference signals.
  • the M reference signals include M1 first virtual reference signals.
  • the real signal position of the first signal has the real data signal X 1 , and the first imaginary reference signals jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 and jQ 4 etc.
  • the imaginary signal position of the first signal has the dummy data signal jY 1 , jY 2 , jY 3 and jY 4 etc.
  • the amplitude of the reference signal is known to both the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the amplitude of the reference signal may be a fixed value.
  • the magnitude is an absolute value.
  • amplitudes of the M1 first virtual reference signals are a first preset value, where the first preset value is arbitrary and is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the polarity of the reference signal can indicate whether the amplitude is positive or negative.
  • the sending end may adjust the polarity of the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal can be related to one or more of the following information: the polarity of the interference signal received by the reference signal, the polarity of the adjacent signal of the reference signal, the polarity of the data signal, the polarity of the reference signal, and the identity of the transmitting end , the identifier of the receiving end, the port number of the sending end, the signal value of the reference signal, the signal value of the interference signal, and the signal value of the reference signal plus the interference signal.
  • a signal value may refer to an absolute value of a signal (eg, amplitude), or may refer to a value with positive or negative polarity (eg, amplitude with polarity).
  • the interference signal of the reference signal may include the interference signal of the data signal to the reference signal, and/or the interference signal of other reference signals to the reference signal.
  • first virtual reference signal other reference signals may include the first real reference signal (if any), and/or the second virtual reference signal (if any) at the position of the virtual signal.
  • first real reference signal if any
  • second virtual reference signal if any
  • jINT1 is the virtual interference at the position of jQ1
  • jINT2 is the virtual interference at the location of jQ 2
  • jINT3 is the virtual interference at the location of jQ 3
  • jINT4 is the virtual interference at the location of jQ 4 .
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be the same as or opposite to the polarity of the interference to the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first virtual reference signal may be the same (or opposite) to that of the interference signal of the first virtual reference signal.
  • the transmitting end may determine the polarity of the first virtual reference signal according to the polarity of the data signal that interferes with the first virtual reference signal.
  • the transmitting end may determine the polarity of the first virtual reference signal according to the polarity of the second virtual reference signal that interferes with the first virtual reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal when the signal value of the interference signal received by the reference signal is 0, the polarity of the reference signal may be positive, or may be negative, or may not be specified.
  • adjacent signals of the reference signal may include data signals and/or reference signals.
  • “Adjacency" may include the neighbor before the location of the reference signal (that is, the front neighbor), and/or the neighbor after the location of the reference signal (that is, the rear neighbor). If the index of the signal position is from small to large, the front The index of the location of the adjacent signal is smaller than the index of the location of the reference signal, and the index of the location of the subsequent adjacent signal is smaller than the index of the location of the reference signal.
  • Adjacency may refer to adjacent signal positions in the time domain (not limited to real signal positions or imaginary signal positions), and the index of the position of the adjacent signal and the index of the position of the reference signal may be continuous, for example, jQ 1 in Fig. 9
  • the adjacent signals of can be jY 1 and jY 2 .
  • adjacent may refer to adjacent real signal positions in the time domain, where the index of the adjacent signal position is spaced from the index of the reference signal position by the index of the imaginary signal position, such as the adjacent position of jQ 1 in Figure 9
  • the signal can be X 1 and jQ 2 , or adjacent imaginary signal positions in the time domain.
  • the index of the position of the adjacent signal and the index of the position of the reference signal are separated by the index of the real signal position, such as jY 1 in Figure 9
  • the adjacent signal of can be jY 2 .
  • the adjacent signals of the reference signal may include an adjacency before the position of the reference signal, and/or an adjacency after the position of the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first dummy reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of the adjacent first dummy reference signal.
  • the amplitudes of the two dummy data signals may be the same, and the polarities may be opposite, for example, the two dummy data signals are jD and -jD respectively.
  • the amplitudes of the two real data signals can be the same, and the polarities can be opposite, for example, the two real data signals are D and -D respectively.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the polarity of the data signal
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be the same as or opposite to that of the data signal.
  • the data signal includes a real data signal and a dummy data signal
  • the polarity of the first dummy reference signal may be the same (or opposite) to that of dummy data signals adjacent to the first dummy reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the polarity of the reference signal
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be the same as or opposite to the polarity of the adjacent reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first dummy reference signal is the same (or opposite) to that of the adjacent first dummy reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal when the identity of the receiving end is odd, the polarity of the first virtual reference signal can be positive (or negative), and when the identity of the receiving end is even, the first virtual reference signal The polarity of the reference signal can be negative (or positive).
  • the identifier of the receiving end may be a UE number (ID).
  • M1 first dummy reference signals may be inserted when the identifier of the receiving end is odd (or even).
  • the receiving end refers to a device that receives the first signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the identity of the sending end
  • the identity of the sending end when the identity of the sending end is odd, the polarity of the first virtual reference signal can be positive (or negative), and when the identity of the sending end is even, the first virtual reference signal
  • the polarity of the reference signal can be negative (or positive).
  • the identifier of the receiving end may be UE ID.
  • M1 first dummy reference signals may be inserted when the identifier of the sending end is odd (or even).
  • the sending end refers to a device that sends the first signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal when the port number of the sending end is odd, the polarity of the first virtual reference signal can be positive (or negative), and when the port number of the sending end is even, The polarity of the first dummy reference signal can be negative (or positive).
  • the interference signal superimposed on the reference signal may include one or more of the data signal, the first real reference signal (if any), or the second virtual reference signal at the position of the virtual signal (if any).
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the signal value of the reference signal
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the signal value of the interference signal
  • the power value of the first signal is greater than a set power threshold.
  • the power threshold may be configured by a network device, or stipulated by a protocol, or reported by a terminal device. Or the power threshold may be related to the modulation mode or the modulation coding strategy.
  • magnitude and “polarity” involved in the embodiments of this application can be configured by the network device, or reported by the terminal device, or agreed between the network device and the terminal device, or stipulated in the protocol. No restrictions.
  • the process of generating the first signal at the sending end may be as shown in FIG. 10 , the sending end modulates the data to obtain a modulated signal, the modulated signal includes one or more modulated symbols, and the modulated signal is a negative signal.
  • the sending end separates the real part and the imaginary part of the modulated signal to obtain real data signals and imaginary data signals. Then the sending end performs up-sampling processing and delay on the real data signal or the virtual data signal, and inserts the first virtual reference signal.
  • the sending end performs fast Fourier transformation (fast fourier transformation, FFT) on the processed signal, changes the time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal, and performs filtering processing on the frequency-domain signal (such as the above-mentioned first filtering process and/or the second Two filter processing), and then mapped to the subcarriers used to transmit the frequency domain signal.
  • the sending end performs inverse fast Fourier transformation (IFFT) on the frequency domain signal, then changes the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal, then adds a cyclic prefix to obtain the baseband signal, and finally sends the baseband signal to the radio frequency send it out.
  • the first signal may be a signal obtained by inserting the first dummy reference signal at the transmitting end, or the first signal may be a baseband signal.
  • S802 The sending end sends the first signal, and the receiving end acquires the second signal.
  • the sending end sends the first signal in the channel, and the corresponding receiving end tries to acquire (or receive) the first signal in the channel.
  • the second signal obtained by the receiving end is a received signal in which noise is superimposed after the first signal passes through the channel.
  • the sending end may perform other processing on the first signal, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first signal is a signal obtained by inserting the first dummy reference signal in FIG. 10 above, and the transmitting end may also perform FFT, filter processing, IFFT and other processing on the first signal.
  • S803 The receiving end processes the second signal to obtain a third signal.
  • the process of processing the second signal at the receiving end may be an inverse operation of generating the first signal, so as to estimate the phase noise.
  • the process of processing the second signal at the receiving end can be shown in Figure 11.
  • the receiving end removes the cyclic prefix of the obtained second signal, and then performs FFT to change the time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal, and then performs subcarrier decompression. map.
  • the sending end performs channel removal filtering processing, and then performs IFFT to change the frequency domain signal into a time domain signal, and then performs phase noise estimation.
  • the sending end obtains the third signal after removing phase noise and noise.
  • the third signal may be the above-mentioned first signal, or may include the above-mentioned first signal.
  • the third signal includes a data signal, and may also include M reference signals, where the M reference signals are used for estimating phase noise.
  • the M reference signals include M1 first virtual reference signals, and the M1 first virtual reference signals are located at real signal positions of the third signal.
  • the amplitudes of the reference signals are known at the receiving end, for example, the amplitudes of the M1 first virtual reference signals are a first preset value.
  • the receiving end can estimate the polarity of the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be related to one or more of the following information: the polarity of the interference signal of the reference signal, the polarity of the adjacent signal of the reference signal, the polarity of the data signal, the identity of the transmitting end, the identity of the receiving end, the The port number of the terminal, the signal value of the reference signal, the signal value of the interference signal, the signal value of the interference signal superimposed on the reference signal, and the polarity of the received signal (that is, the third signal).
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be the same as that of the third signal.
  • the receiving end refers to a device that receives the second signal/third signal
  • the sending end refers to a device that receives the second signal/third signal.
  • the receiving end can estimate the phase noise according to the known amplitude of the reference signal and the estimated polarity of the reference signal.
  • ⁇ is phase noise.
  • the above reference signals (such as jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 and jQ 4 ) and interference signals (such as jINT1, jINT2, jINT3 and jINT4) are imaginary part signals, then the phases of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 may be 90 degrees Or -90 degrees, -90 can also be called 270 degrees. Since the phase noise will produce a phase shift, so in this S803, the receiving end can determine the phase deviation caused by the phase noise according to the phase deviation of Z1', Z2', Z3' and Z4' from 90 degrees or -90 degrees. Phase offset, that is, estimated phase noise. Since the receiving end knows the amplitude and the estimated polarity of each first virtual reference signal, the receiving end can estimate and remove possible interference caused by each first virtual reference signal.
  • the receiving end can first estimate the angle of the received signal, that is, estimate the angles of Z1', Z2', Z3' and Z4'.
  • the signal is also less affected by noise and phase noise, and the estimated angle is more accurate.
  • the estimated angle (of the superimposed interference signal of the first virtual reference signal) is about 90 degrees (90 degrees when there is no noise and phase noise)
  • the estimated angle is about 270 degrees (270 degrees when there is no noise and phase noise).
  • the modulation order can be set higher, so that the requirement for the signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high, the power of the noise is relatively low, and the influence on the angle is small (negligible), while the phase noise is far Less than 90 degrees, so it has less effect on the angle.
  • the signal can be estimated according to the angle range of the signal, as shown in Figure 12, if the angle range of the signal is between 0 and 180 degrees, and the polarity of the superimposed interference signal of the first virtual reference signal is positive, then The deviation between the angle of the signal and 90 degrees is the phase noise. If the angle of the signal is in the range of 180 degrees to 360 degrees, and the polarity of the superimposed interference signal of the first virtual reference signal is negative, the angle of the signal is 270 degrees. The deviation is the phase noise.
  • the following method of jointly estimating the phase noise can also be used: add Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 in phase, for example, the polarity of Z1 and Z3 is positive, and the polarity of Z2 and Z4 is negative, and they are added in phase
  • the receiving end can estimate stronger signal energy, and the noise power can be reduced by 4 times, which can further improve the estimation performance and accuracy of phase noise.
  • the first virtual reference signal is sent at the position of the real signal, and all the first virtual reference signals can be used to estimate the phase noise, so the performance accuracy of the phase noise estimation can be improved without additional signal order overhead.
  • the first signal includes a first real reference signal, and the first real reference signal is located at the position of the dummy signal, that is, the first real reference signal is inserted at the position of the dummy signal.
  • the M2 first real reference signals are located at the imaginary signal positions of the first signal. That is to say, the sending end may insert (or set) M2 first real reference signals at the virtual signal position of the first signal.
  • virtual signal positions (or indexes of virtual signal positions) of the M2 first real reference signals may be continuous or discontinuous.
  • the values of M1 and M2 may be the same or different.
  • the M reference signals may be obtained after processing the data signals.
  • the differences between the second embodiment and the first embodiment are mainly described, and for the similarities, please refer to the above first embodiment.
  • the first signal when the port number used by the sending end to send the first signal is even (or odd), the first signal may include M2 first real reference signals. In another example, when the identifier of the receiving end is even (or odd), the first signal may include M2 first real reference signals. In yet another example, the sending end processes the data signal to determine M2 first real reference signals among the M reference signals.
  • the M reference signals include M2 first real reference signals, and the first signals may be [X 1 , jY 1 , X 2 , Q 1 , X 3 , Q 2 , X 4 , Q 3 , X 5 , Q 4 , ...], the real signal positions of the first signal include real data signals X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 and X 5 , etc., and first real reference signals Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 , etc., the first The dummy signal position of a signal has a dummy data signal jY 1 .
  • the amplitude of the reference signal is known to both the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the amplitudes of the M2 first real reference signals are the second preset value, wherein the second preset value is arbitrary, and the first preset value and the second preset value may be the same or different, which are not used in the embodiment of the present application. Do limit.
  • the sending end may adjust the polarity of the first real reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first real reference signal may be related to one or more of the following information: the polarity of the interference signal received by the reference signal, the polarity of the adjacent signal of the reference signal, the polarity of the data signal, the identity of the transmitting end, the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first real reference signal may also be related to the polarity of the received signal.
  • the virtual signal position has signal interference at the real signal position, that is, the signal at the real signal position interferes with the signal at the virtual signal position, that is to say, the signal at the virtual signal position will be interfered by the real signal position.
  • the interference signal of the reference signal may include the interference signal of the data signal to the reference signal, and/or the interference signal of other reference signals to the reference signal.
  • the other reference signals may include the first virtual reference signal (if any), and/or the second real reference signal (if any) at the location of the real signal.
  • the second real reference signal refer to the subsequent embodiments.
  • INT1 is the real interference at the location of Q1
  • INT2 is the actual interference at the position of Q 2
  • INT3 is the real interference at the position of Q 3
  • INT4 is the actual interference at the location of Q 4 .
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the polarity of the interference signal received by the reference signal
  • the polarity of the first real reference signal may be the same as (or opposite to) the polarity of the interference signal of the first real reference signal .
  • the transmitting end may determine the polarity of the first real reference signal according to the polarity of the data signal that interferes with the first real reference signal.
  • the transmitting end may determine the polarity of the first real reference signal according to the polarity of the second real reference signal that interferes with the first real reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal when the signal value of the interference signal received by the reference signal is 0, the polarity of the reference signal may be positive, or may be negative, or may not be specified.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the polarity of adjacent signals of the reference signal, for example, the polarity of the first real reference signal is the same as or opposite to the polarity of the adjacent first real reference signal.
  • the amplitudes of the two real data signals may be the same, and the polarities may be opposite. If there are two dummy data signals adjacent to the first real reference signal, the amplitudes of the two dummy data signals may be the same, and the polarities may be opposite.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the polarity of the data signal
  • the data signal includes a real data signal and a dummy data signal
  • the polarity of the first real data signal may be adjacent to the first real data signal
  • the polarity of the real data signal is the same (or opposite).
  • the polarity of the reference signal is related to the polarity of the reference signal
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be the same as or opposite to the polarity of the adjacent reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first real reference signal is the same as (or opposite to) the polarity of adjacent first real reference signals.
  • the polarity of the reference signal when the identity of the receiving end is odd, the polarity of the first real reference signal can be positive (or negative), and when the identity of the receiving end is even, the first real reference signal The polarity of the reference signal can be negative (or positive).
  • the identifier of the receiving end may be UE ID.
  • M2 first test signals may be inserted when the identifier of the receiving end is even (or odd).
  • the polarity of the reference signal when the identity of the sending end is odd, the polarity of the first real reference signal can be positive (or negative), and when the identity of the sending end is even, the first real reference signal The polarity of the reference signal can be negative (or positive).
  • the identifier of the sender can be UE ID.
  • M2 first real reference signals may be inserted when the identity of the sending end is even (or odd).
  • the polarity of the reference signal when the port number of the sending end is odd, the polarity of the first real reference signal can be positive (or negative), and when the port number of the sending end is even, The polarity of the first real reference signal can be negative (or positive).
  • the interference signal superimposed on the reference signal may include one or more of the data signal, the first virtual reference signal (if any), or the second real reference signal (if any) at the position of the virtual signal.
  • the third signal obtained by processing the received second signal at the receiving end includes a data signal and may also include M reference signals.
  • the M reference signals are used to estimate the phase noise, and the M reference signals include M2 first real reference signals, and the M2 first real reference signals are located at virtual signal positions of the third signal.
  • the receiving end can estimate the phase noise according to the known amplitude of the reference signal and the estimated polarity of the reference signal.
  • ⁇ is phase noise.
  • the above reference signals (such as Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 ) and interference signals (such as INT1, INT2, INT3 and INT4) are all real part signals, then the phases of Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 may be 0 degrees or 180 degrees. Since the phase noise will produce a phase offset, in S803, the receiving end can determine the phase offset due to the phase noise according to the phase deviation between Z1', Z2', Z3' and Z4' and about 0 degrees or 180 degrees. Shift, that is, estimate the phase noise. Since the amplitude and the estimated polarity of each first virtual reference signal are known at the receiving end, the receiving end can estimate and remove possible interference caused by each first real reference signal.
  • the process of estimating phase noise at the receiving end as shown in Figure 13, if the angle of the signal is in the range of -90 degrees to 90 degrees, and the polarity of the first real reference signal superimposed interference signal is positive, then The deviation between the angle of the signal and 0 degrees is the phase noise. If the angle of the signal is in the range of 90 degrees to 270 degrees, and the polarity of the superimposed interference signal of the first real reference signal is negative, the angle of the signal is 180 degrees. The deviation is the phase noise.
  • the first real reference signal is sent at the position of the virtual signal, and all the first real reference signals can be used to estimate the phase noise, so the performance accuracy of the phase noise estimation can be improved without additional signal order overhead.
  • the first signal includes a first virtual reference signal and a first real reference signal, the sum of the number of the first virtual reference signal and the number of the first real reference signal is an even number, the first virtual data signal is located at the position of the real signal, The first real data signal is located at the virtual signal position, that is, the first virtual reference signal is inserted at the real signal position, the first real reference signal is inserted at the virtual signal position, and the number of the inserted first virtual reference signal and the inserted first real reference signal The sum of the numbers of signals is an even number.
  • differences between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiments are mainly described, and for similarities, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • two consecutive first virtual reference signals are inserted at the real signal position, and two consecutive first real reference signals are inserted at the virtual signal position to obtain the first signal [X 1 , Q 1 , jQ 2 ,Q 3 , jQ 4 ,jY 1 ,...]
  • X 1 is real part data (ie real signal data)
  • jY 1 is imaginary part data (ie imaginary signal data).
  • There is signal interference at the position of the virtual signal at the position of the real signal and there is signal interference at the position of the real signal at the position of the virtual signal.
  • j G1 (Q2, Q4) is the virtual interference at the location of Q 1
  • j G2 (imaginary part data) is the virtual interference at the location of Q 2
  • F3 (real part data) is the real interference at the location of Q 3
  • j G3(Q2,Q4) is the virtual interference at the location of Q 3
  • the signal of Z4 [F4(Q1,
  • the third signal obtained by processing the received second signal at the receiving end includes a data signal and may also include M reference signals.
  • M reference signals are used to estimate the phase noise
  • the M reference signals include M1 first virtual reference signals and M2 first real reference signals
  • the M1 first virtual reference signals are located at the real signal position of the third signal
  • the M2 first real reference signals A real reference signal is located at the imaginary signal position of the third signal.
  • the receiving end can estimate the phase noise according to the known amplitude of the reference signal and the estimated polarity of the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be related to the signal value of the interference signal superimposed on the reference signal.
  • the polarities of Q 2 and Q 4 can be set to be the same, and the polarities of Q 1 and Q 3 can be set to be the same, that is, the imaginary part interference signals of Z1 and Z3 can be maximized as much as possible, and the The real part of Z2 and Z4 interfering signals.
  • the receiving end can estimate the magnitude of Z1', Z2', Z3' and Z4', and then determine the magnitude of F (real part data).
  • the polarity of F (real part data) is unknown, but because F (real part data) ) is relatively close to the interference value brought by Q 2 and Q 4 , so the phase noise can be determined according to the range of the amplitude of F (real part data).
  • the transmitting end may determine multiple polarity sets of the reference signals, and the polarity sets include M reference signals (optional) and polarities of the M reference signals.
  • the transmitting end may determine a signal value set of each polarity set in multiple polarity sets of the reference signal, and the signal value set includes signal values of interference signals received by M reference signals, for example, M1 first virtual reference signals received by The first signal value of the interference signal, and the second signal value of the interference signal received by the M2 first real reference signals.
  • the sending end selects the signal value with the smallest absolute value in each set of signal values.
  • the sending end may determine the first maximum value corresponding to the first signal value with the smallest absolute value, and determine the first polarity set corresponding to the signal value set to which the first maximum value belongs , and then determine the polarities of the M reference signals according to the first polarity set, and if the second signal value with the smallest absolute value is selected, the transmitting end can determine the second maximum value corresponding to the second signal value with the smallest absolute value, and determining a second polarity set corresponding to the signal value set to which the second maximum value belongs, and then determining the polarities of the M reference signals according to the second polarity set.
  • the signal value set may include signal values of M reference signals superimposed on interference signals, or signal values of M reference signals, etc., which are not limited here.
  • the imaginary part interferences at Q1 and Q3 corresponding to the sex are [-1j, 2j], [-2j, 3j], [-1j, 4j], [-3j, 1j] respectively, and the imaginary part interference signals of Z1 and Z3
  • the minimum interference signal amplitude value in the medium is maximized as much as possible.
  • the polarities of Q2 and Q4 can be selected to be [+1, -1].
  • F (real part data) is positive; if the range of the angle of Z2' or Z4' is within the range of ⁇ 1, then F (real part data) part data) is negative, where F(real part data)+j G(Q2,Q4) includes F1(real part data)+j G1(Q2,Q4), and/or F3(real part data)+j G3( Q2, Q4), so that the difference between the estimated range of the angle and the phase of (F3 (real part data) + j G3 (Q2, Q4)) is the phase noise, which can improve the estimation performance of the phase noise. It is also applicable when the noise ⁇ is small, which can improve the accuracy of phase noise estimation.
  • the first real reference signal is sent at the virtual signal position, and the first virtual reference signal is sent at the real signal position, and all the reference signals can be used to estimate the phase noise, so the performance and accuracy of the phase noise estimation can be improved, No additional signaling overhead is required.
  • the first signal includes a first virtual reference signal and a first real reference signal, the sum of the number of the first virtual reference signal and the number of the first real reference signal is an odd number, the first virtual data signal is located at the position of the real signal, The first real data signal is located at the virtual signal position, that is, the first virtual reference signal is inserted at the real signal position, the first real reference signal is inserted at the virtual signal position, and the number of the inserted first virtual reference signal and the inserted first real reference signal The sum of the number of signals is an odd number.
  • M1 N or N+1
  • Continuous N or N+1 first dummy reference signals may be inserted at the real signal position
  • N+1 or N continuous first real reference signals may be inserted at the dummy signal position.
  • the first signal is [X 1 , Q 1 , jQ 2 , Q 3 , jQ 4 , Q 5 , X 2 , . . . ], and X 1 and X 2 are real part data.
  • There is signal interference at the position of the virtual signal at the position of the real signal and there is signal interference at the position of the real signal at the position of the virtual signal.
  • the polarities of the real part data X 1 and X 2 can be the same or different. If there is imaginary part data, the polarity of the imaginary part data can be the same or different.
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be related to the signal value of the interference signal superimposed on the reference signal.
  • the polarities of the first virtual reference signals (Q 2 and Q 4 ) at the positions of the real signals can be set to be the same, and the first real reference signals (Q 1 , Q 3 and Q 5 ) of the same polarity.
  • the reference signal may be set to be related to the polarity of the adjacent data signal.
  • the polarity of the reference signal may be related to the identity of the sending end or the identity of the receiving end.
  • the first real reference signal is sent at the virtual signal position, and the first virtual reference signal is sent at the real signal position, all the reference signals can be used to estimate the phase noise, so the performance and accuracy of the phase noise estimation can be improved, No additional signaling overhead is required.
  • the first signal includes a first virtual reference signal and a second virtual reference signal, and/or a first real reference signal and a second real reference signal, and the first virtual reference signal (if any), the second The sum of the numbers of the virtual reference signal (if any), the first real reference signal (if any) and the second real reference signal (if any) is an even number, that is, the first virtual reference is inserted at the position of the real signal signal, inserting a second dummy reference signal at the dummy signal position, and/or inserting the first real reference signal at the dummy reference signal, and inserting the second dummy reference signal at the real signal position.
  • the second virtual reference signal may be spaced from the first virtual reference signal, and the second real reference signal may be spaced from the first real reference signal.
  • the second virtual reference signal and/or the second real reference signal can be used as a redundant reference signal to further reduce PAPR.
  • the interference signal of the first virtual reference signal includes a first interference signal and a second interference signal
  • the first interference signal is an interference signal of a data signal (such as a virtual data signal) on the first virtual reference signal
  • the second interference signal is the interference signal of M3 second virtual reference signals to the first virtual reference signal.
  • the sum of the value of the first interference signal and the value of the second interference signal (or the magnitude of the sum) is a preset value (such as a third preset value), and/or, the value of the first interference signal and the second interference
  • the difference (or the magnitude of the difference) of the values of the signals is a preset value.
  • the interference signal of the first real reference signal includes a third interference signal and a fourth interference signal
  • the third interference signal is an interference signal of a data signal (such as a dummy data signal) to the first real reference signal
  • the fourth interference signal is the interference signal of M4 second real reference signals to the first real reference signal.
  • the sum of the value of the third interference signal and the value of the fourth interference signal (or the magnitude of the sum) is a preset value (such as the fourth preset value), and/or, the value of the third interference signal and the fourth interference
  • the difference (or the magnitude of the difference) of the values of the signals is a preset value.
  • the third preset value and the fourth preset value are arbitrary, and the third preset value and the fourth preset value may be the same or different, which is not limited here.
  • the M reference signals include M1 first virtual reference signals and M3 second virtual reference signals, and/or M2 first real reference signals and M4 second real reference signals.
  • Reference signal, M1 (if any)+M2 (if any)+M3 (if any)+M4 (if any) 2N.
  • M3 is an integer greater than or equal to
  • M4 is an integer greater than or equal to 0.
  • two consecutive first virtual reference signals are inserted at the real signal position
  • two consecutive second virtual reference signals are inserted at the virtual signal position to obtain the first signal [X 1 , jQ 1 , jQ 2 ,jQ 3 ,jQ 4 ,jY 2 ,...].
  • There is signal interference at the position of the virtual signal at the position of the real signal and there is signal interference at the position of the real signal at the position of the virtual signal.
  • the sending end can increase the power (or pilot power) of the first virtual reference signal and the first real reference signal received by the receiving end by designing redundant reference signals, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and further improve the estimation performance of phase noise. Where power is also called energy.
  • the energy of the real part signal or the imaginary part signal at the target reference signal can be maximized, or the amplitude value or part of all signals at the target reference signal can be maximized.
  • the amplitude value of the signal is fixed (or greater than a preset signal threshold).
  • the target reference signal may be a non-redundant reference signal (such as jQ 2 and jQ 4 ), or a signal in which an interference signal is superimposed on a non-redundant signal, or a signal in which an interference signal is superimposed on a reference signal with the smallest energy.
  • the amplitudes of Q 1 and Q 3 are fixed, and the polarities of redundant reference signals and non-redundant reference signals can be set.
  • the polarities of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 can be set to be the same, and the optional polarities of Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 can be set to be the same as those of the data signal, where the data signal can be A data signal that is adjacent (pre-adjacent or rear-adjacent) to a certain reference signal (which may be a redundant reference signal or a non-redundant reference signal).
  • the amplitude value of the first reference signal (which may be one of Q1 or Q3) or the second reference signal (which may be one of Q2 or Q4), such as the amplitude values of Q2 and Q4, may be notified by the base station side, or the network Reported by the side, or agreed between the terminal device and the base station device.
  • the amplitude value of the first reference signal or the second reference signal can also be determined according to the value of the corresponding received signal, for example, if the value of the received signal is greater than a certain threshold, then the amplitude value of the first reference signal or the second reference signal is B1 , less than the threshold is B2.
  • the polarity of the first reference signal or the second reference signal may be determined according to the polarity of the received signal, for example, the polarity of the first reference signal or the second reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of the corresponding received signal.
  • the polarities of Q2 and Q4 are the same as those of Z2 and Z4, which can increase the energy of the signal and improve the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.
  • the polarity of Q2 and Q4 is opposite to the polarity of Z2 and Z4, which can reduce PAPR.
  • the value of the second real reference signal/second imaginary reference signal includes at least one of amplitude, polarity, real part or imaginary part of the second real reference signal/second imaginary reference signal.
  • the amplitude value of the first reference signal (which may be one of Q1 or Q3) or the second reference signal (which may be one of Q2 or Q4), such as the amplitude values of Q2 and Q4, may be notified by the base station side, or the network Reported by the side, or agreed between the terminal device and the base station device.
  • the amplitude value of the first reference signal or the second reference signal can also be determined according to the value of the corresponding received signal, for example, if the value of the received signal is greater than a certain threshold, then the amplitude value of the first reference signal or the second reference signal is B1 , less than the threshold is B2.
  • the polarity of the first reference signal or the second reference signal may be determined according to the polarity of the received signal, for example, the polarity of the first reference signal or the second reference signal is the same as or opposite to that of the corresponding received signal.
  • the polarities of Q2 and Q4 are the same as those of Z2 and Z4, which can increase the energy of the signal and improve the receiving signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.
  • the polarity of Q2 and Q4 is opposite to that of Z2 and Z4, which can reduce PAPR.
  • the polarities of Z2' and Z4' received by the receiving end may be fixed or not, and may be positive or negative.
  • the receiving end may know the polarities of Z2' and Z4', or the receiving end may estimate the polarities of Z2' and Z4'.
  • the polarities of Z2 and Z2' may be the same or different, and Z4 and Z4' may be the same or different.
  • the polarities of Q 2 and Q 4 and (a1*Q 1 +a2*Q 3 +F2 (data disturbance)) and (a1*Q 1 +a2*Q 3 +F4 (data disturbance)) may be the same or opposite.
  • the polarities of Q2 and Q4 and Z2 and Z4 can be the same or opposite.
  • the polarity of the sum of the signal values of the interference signal caused by the redundant reference signal and the interference signal caused by the data signal can be Positive or negative, for example, the value of a1*Q 1 +a2*Q 3 +F2 (data interference) can be -IA1 or +IA1, and the value of a1*Q 1 +a2*Q 3 +F4 (data interference) can be -IA2 or +IA2, the Q 1 and Q 3 obtained for [-IA1,-IA2] are [1,3], the Q 1 and Q 3 obtained by [IA1,-IA2] are [1,2.5], [ Q 1 and Q 3 obtained by -IA1,IA2] are [-1,3], and Q 1 and Q 3 obtained by [IA1,IA2] are [4,1], with the maximum value in the amplitude of Q 1 and Q 3 The minimization of is the goal, and the maximum value of a1*Q 1 +a2*Q 3 +F2 (data interference) can be -IA1 or +I
  • the polarity of the reference signal is opposite to the polarity of a part of the data signal (or a part of the reference signal) that causes interference to the reference signal.
  • the two real data signals adjacent to Q 2 bring interference to Q 2
  • the amplitude of the two real data signals can be set to be the same, but the polarity is opposite, because D and -D
  • the filter coefficients of are of the same amplitude, so the interference at Q2 can cancel each other, and reduce the interference at Q2 , wherein one of the real data signals of the two real data signals can be a redundant signal.
  • the two dummy data signals adjacent to Q 2 bring interference to Q 2
  • the two dummy data signals can be set to have the same amplitude and opposite polarity, because the jD and -jD
  • the filter coefficients have the same amplitude, so the interference at Q2 can cancel each other, reducing the interference at Q2 , and one of the two dummy data signals can be a redundant signal.
  • the two adjacent real data signals of Q2 give Q 2 brings interference
  • the two adjacent real data signals of Q 4 bring interference to Q 4
  • the amplitude of the two adjacent real data signals can be set to be the same, and the polarity is opposite, so that D and -D are in Q 2 and Q
  • the interference at 4 can cancel each other out, and one or two of the three real data signals can be redundant signals.
  • the two dummy data signals adjacent to Q 2 bring interference to Q 2
  • the two dummy data signals adjacent to Q 4 bring interference to Q 4
  • the adjacent dummy data signals can be set to
  • the two dummy data signals have the same amplitude and opposite polarity, so that the interference of jD and -jD at Q2 and Q4 can cancel each other out, and one or two of the three dummy data signals can be redundant Signal.
  • the amplitude and polarity of Q 2 and Q 4 may be configured by the network device, or may be reported by the terminal device, or may be specified by the protocol.
  • the polarity of Q2 and Q4 can be the same as that of the received signal.
  • the energy at the reference signal can be realized.
  • Different pilot numbers may correspond to different pilot arrangement schemes.
  • Figure 19 shows the imaginary pilot arrangement scheme when the number of possible pilots is 2, the first signal of (a) in Figure 19 is [jY 1 , X 1 , jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 , jQ 4 ,jY 2 ,X 2 ,...], the first signal of (b) in Figure 19 is [X 1 ,jY 1 ,jQ 2 ,jQ 1 ,jQ 4 ,jQ 3 ,X 2 ,jY 2 , ...], the first signal of (c) in Figure 19 is [jY 1 , X 1 , jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jY 2 , jQ 4 , jQ 3 , X 2 , jY 3 ,...], as shown in Figure 19
  • the first signal in (d) is [jY 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 1 , X 1 , jY 2 , jQ 4 , jQ 3 , X 2 ,
  • Figure 20 shows the imaginary pilot arrangement scheme when the number of possible pilots is 4,
  • the first signal in (a) in Figure 20 is [jY 1 , X 1 , jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 , jQ 4 , jQ 5 , jQ 6 , jQ 7 , jQ 8 , jY 2 ,...]
  • the first signal of (b) in Figure 20 is [X 1 , jY 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 1 , jQ 4 , jQ 3 , jQ 6 , jQ 5 , jQ 8 , jQ 7 ,...].
  • the imaginary number pilot arrangement scheme provided in FIG. 19 or FIG. 20 is also applicable to the real number pilot arrangement scheme, and the real number pilot arrangement scheme is optionally opposite to the imaginary number pilot arrangement scheme.
  • the real reference signal is sent at the position of the virtual signal
  • the virtual reference signal is sent at the position of the real signal at the same time
  • all the reference signals can be used to estimate the phase noise, improve the performance and accuracy of the phase noise estimation, and no additional
  • the signaling overhead can increase the energy of the reference signal.
  • insert imaginary pilots at the real signal position to ensure that the minimum signal energy at the imaginary part of the real pilot position is maximized
  • insert real pilots at the virtual signal position to ensure that the real part of the pilot position at the imaginary pilot position
  • the minimum energy maximization can increase the energy at the reference signal and improve the accuracy of the phase noise estimation performance.
  • the first signal includes a first virtual reference signal and a second virtual reference signal, and/or a first real reference signal and a second real reference signal, and the first virtual reference signal (if any), the second The sum of the numbers of the virtual reference signal (if any), the first real reference signal (if any) and the second real reference signal (if any) is an odd number, that is, the first virtual reference is inserted at the position of the real signal signal, inserting a second dummy reference signal at the dummy signal position, and/or inserting the first real reference signal at the dummy reference signal, and inserting the second dummy reference signal at the real signal position.
  • the M reference signals include M1 first virtual reference signals and M3 second virtual reference signals, and/or M2 first real reference signals and M4 second real reference signals.
  • Reference signal, M1 (if any)+M2 (if any)+M3 (if any)+M4 (if any) 2N+1. It is possible to insert consecutive N or N+1 first virtual reference signals and second real reference signals (if any) at the real signal positions, and insert consecutive N+1 or N first real reference signals at the virtual signal positions and a second virtual reference signal (if any).
  • differences between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiments are mainly described, and for similarities, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the energy at the reference signal can be realized.
  • Different pilot numbers may correspond to different pilot arrangement schemes.
  • Figure 22 shows the imaginary pilot arrangement scheme when the number of possible pilots is 2, the first signal of (a) in Figure 22 is [jY 1 , X 1 , jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 , jQ 4 , jQ 5 ,X 2 ,jY 2 ,...], the first signal of (b) in Figure 22 is [jY 1 ,jQ 2 ,jQ 1 ,X 1 ,jQ 3 ,jQ 4 ,jQ 5 ,X 2 , jY 2 ,...], the first signal of (c) in Figure 22 is [jY 1 ,X 1 ,jQ 1 ,jQ 2 ,jQ 3 ,X 2 ,jQ 5 ,jQ 4 , jY 2 ,...] , the first signal of (d) in Figure 22 is [jY 1 ,X 1 ,jY 2 ,jQ 1 ,jQ 2 ,jQ 3 ,jQ 4 ,jQ 5 jY 3 ,...
  • the imaginary pilot arrangement scheme provided when the number of possible pilots is 4 the first signal of (a) in Figure 23 is [jY 1 , X 1 , jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 , jQ 4 ,jQ 5 ,jQ 6 ,jQ 7 ,jQ 8 ,jQ 9 ,X 2 ,jY 2 ,...]
  • the first signal of (b) in Figure 23 is [X 1 ,jY 1 ,jQ 0 ,jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 , jQ 4 , jQ 5 , jQ 6 , jQ 7 , jQ 8 , jY 2 , X 2 ,...].
  • the imaginary number pilot arrangement scheme provided in FIG. 22 or FIG. 23 is also applicable to the real number pilot arrangement scheme, and the real number pilot arrangement scheme is optionally opposite to the imaginary number pilot arrangement scheme.
  • the real reference signal is sent at the position of the virtual signal
  • the virtual reference signal is sent at the position of the real signal at the same time
  • all the reference signals can be used to estimate the phase noise, improve the performance and accuracy of the phase noise estimation, and no additional
  • the signaling overhead can increase the energy of the reference signal.
  • insert imaginary pilots at the real signal position to ensure that the minimum signal energy at the imaginary part of the real pilot position is maximized
  • insert real pilots at the virtual signal position to ensure that the real part of the pilot position at the imaginary pilot position
  • the minimum energy maximization can increase the energy at the reference signal and improve the accuracy of the phase noise estimation performance.
  • Embodiment 7 is applicable to a multi-user scenario, in which an even number of parameter signals can be inserted (as in the third and fifth embodiments above), or an odd number of parameter signals can be inserted (as in the fourth and sixth embodiments above). It can be understood that the seventh embodiment can be used in combination with the above-mentioned embodiments, or can be used alone.
  • the insertion of an even number of reference signals is used for illustration.
  • the process of inserting an odd number of reference signals is similar to that of inserting an even number of reference signals, and details are not described in this embodiment.
  • the sending end performs the same processing for different users, so that the reference signals of different users can be set at the same virtual signal position or real signal position.
  • the first real reference signal is inserted at the position of the imaginary signal
  • the second real reference signal is inserted at the position of the real signal to obtain the first signal, wherein the second real reference signal is used to ensure that the amplitude of the first real reference signal is fixed , does not interfere with the first real reference signal, and can increase the energy of the first real reference signal, further improving the performance and accuracy of phase noise estimation.
  • A1 and A2 can be configured by the network equipment or reported by the terminal equipment or stipulated by the protocol, etc.
  • the polarities of A1 and A2 can be known or unknown, and the polarity values of A1 and A2 can be opposite, which can be specified by network device configuration or terminal device reports or protocols, or can be derived from the polarity of received signals.
  • the values of A1 and A2 may be greater than a preset threshold, which may be specified by network device configuration or terminal device report or protocol, and which may be related to a modulation mode or a modulation and coding strategy.
  • the polarity of B1 and B2 can be positive or negative.
  • the values of B1 and A1 can be related to user 1's device ID, port number or cell ID, and the network device or terminal device can generate a sequence according to user 1's device ID, port number or cell ID, and determine B1 or A1 according to the value of the sequence. A1.
  • the values of B2 and A2 can be related to user 2's device ID, port number or cell ID number, and the network device or terminal device can generate a sequence according to user 2's device ID, port number or cell ID number, and determine B2 or A2 according to the value of the sequence. A2.
  • the sequence corresponding to user 1 is orthogonal to the sequence corresponding to user 1.
  • the sending end performs different processing for different users, so that the reference signals of different users can be set at different virtual signal positions or real signal positions.
  • the reference signal of user 1 includes the first virtual reference signal (such as jQ 1 , jQ 2 , jQ 3 and jQ 4 ), placed at the position of the real signal
  • the reference signal of user 2 includes The first real reference signal (such as Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 and Q 4 ) is placed at the position of the virtual signal.
  • Embodiment 1 The difference between this embodiment and S801 in Embodiment 1 is that the sending end performs different processing for different users, so that the reference signals of different users can be set as virtual reference signals or real reference signals respectively, and the virtual reference signals can be set in virtual reference signals. Signal position and real signal position, real reference signal can be set in virtual signal position and real signal position.
  • the reference signals of user 1 include the first virtual reference signal (such as jQ 2 and jQ 4 ) and the second virtual reference signal (such as jQ 1 and jQ 3 ), and the first virtual reference signal is set at the position of the real signal , the second virtual reference signal is set at the position of the virtual signal, as shown in Figure 25, the reference signal of user 2 includes the first real reference signal (such as Q 2 and Q 4 ) and the second real reference signal (such as Q 1 and Q 3 ), the first real reference signal is set at the imaginary signal position, and the second real reference signal is set at the real signal position.
  • the reference signal positions of user 1 and user 2 may be the same or different, and the signal positions of user 1 and user 2 may be determined according to user equipment identifiers, or may be allocated by network equipment.
  • the reference signal of user 1 may be odd or even, and the reference signal of user 2 may be odd or even.
  • user 1 has 2N reference signals, among which N first virtual reference signals are placed in real signal positions, and N second virtual reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions.
  • user 2 has 2N reference signals, wherein N first real reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions, and N second real reference signals are placed in real signal positions.
  • Q1 and Q3 of user 1 are redundant reference signals
  • Q2 and Q4 of user 2 in FIG. 25 are redundant reference signals.
  • reference signals of user 1 and user 2 when the reference signals of user 1 and user 2 are both odd, user 1 has 2N+1 reference signals, where N first virtual reference signals are placed at real signal positions, and N+1 second virtual reference signals The reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions, and user 2 has 2N+1 reference signals, wherein N first real reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions, and N+1 second real reference signals are placed in real signal positions.
  • Some reference signals of user 1 and user 2 are at the same position, for example, 2N reference signals are at the same position.
  • the reference signal of user 1 when the reference signal of user 1 is odd and the reference signal of user 2 is even, user 1 has 2N+1 reference signals, wherein N first virtual reference signals are placed in real signal positions, N+1 The second virtual reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions, and user 2 has 2N reference signals, wherein N first real reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions, and N second real reference signals are placed in real signal positions.
  • Some reference signals of user 1 and user 2 are at the same position, for example, 2N reference signals are at the same position.
  • the parameter signal of user 1 when the parameter signal of user 1 is even and the reference signal of user 2 is odd, user 1 has 2N reference signals, among which N first virtual reference signals are placed in real signal positions, and N second virtual reference signals The reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions, and user 2 has 2N+1 reference signals, wherein N first real reference signals are placed in virtual signal positions, and N+1 second real reference signals are placed in real signal positions.
  • Some reference signals of user 1 and user 2 are at the same position, for example, 2N reference signals are at the same position.
  • This embodiment supports multi-port multi-user transmission, can improve signal transmission efficiency, and can improve performance accuracy of phase noise estimation.
  • the methods and/or steps implemented by the sending end can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used for the sending end, and the methods and/or steps implemented by the receiving end can also be implemented by Can be implemented by components available at the receiving end.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application are respectively introduced from the perspective of interaction between the sending end and the receiving end.
  • the sending end and the receiving end may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and realize the above-mentioned functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module . Whether one of the above-mentioned functions is executed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG. 26 is a possible form of expression of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 2600 can be used to implement the functions or steps implemented by the sending end or the receiving end in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device may include a processing unit 2601 and a transceiver unit 2602 .
  • a storage unit may also be included, and the storage unit may be used to store instructions (code or program) and/or data.
  • the processing unit 2601 and the transceiver unit 2602 may be coupled to the storage unit, for example, the processing unit 2601 may read instructions (codes or programs) and/or data in the storage unit to implement corresponding methods.
  • Each of the above units can be set independently, or can be partially or fully integrated.
  • the communication device 2600 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the sending end in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 2601 is configured to acquire the first signal;
  • a transceiver unit 2602 configured to send a first signal
  • the first signal includes a data signal and M reference signals
  • the M1 first virtual reference signals are located at the real signal position of the first signal
  • the M2 first real reference signals are located at the imaginary signal positions of the first signal.
  • the processing unit 2601 is specifically configured to generate the first signal when acquiring the first signal.
  • the communication device 2600 acquires the first signal from the other communication device, and the processing unit 2601 is specifically configured to receive the first signal through the transceiver unit 2602 when acquiring the first signal, that is, the transceiver unit 2602, and It is used for receiving the first signal generated and sent by other communication devices.
  • this other communication device is distinct from the receiving end.
  • amplitudes of the M1 first virtual reference signals are a first preset value; amplitudes of the M2 first real reference signals are a second preset value.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is the same as that of the interference signal received by the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first virtual reference signal is the same as the polarity of the adjacent first virtual reference signal; the polarity of the first real reference signal is the same as the polarity of the adjacent first real reference signal same.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is determined by the identifier of the device receiving the first signal, or by the identifier of the communication apparatus 2600 .
  • the data signal includes a real data signal and a dummy data signal, the real data signal is located at the real signal position, and the dummy data signal is located at the dummy signal position; two dummy data signals adjacent to M1 first dummy reference signals The amplitudes of the two real data signals adjacent to the M2 first real reference signals are the same, but the polarities are opposite.
  • the first signal further includes at least one of the following: M3 second virtual reference signals, M4 second real reference signals, M3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0, M4 is an integer greater than or equal to 0 integer.
  • the second virtual reference signal is spaced from the first virtual reference signal; the second real reference signal is spaced from the first real reference signal.
  • the interference signal of the first virtual reference signal includes a first interference signal and a second interference signal, and the sum value or the amplitude of the value of the first interference signal and the value of the second interference signal is the first Three preset values
  • the first interference signal is the interference signal of the data signal to the first virtual reference signal
  • the second interference signal is the interference signal of M3 second virtual reference signals to the first virtual reference signal
  • the interfering signal includes a third interfering signal and a fourth interfering signal, the sum of the value of the third interfering signal and the fourth interfering signal or the magnitude of the sum is the fourth preset value
  • the third interfering signal is the data signal to the first An interference signal of a real reference signal
  • a fourth interference signal is an interference signal of M4 second real reference signals to the first real reference signal.
  • the communication device 2600 can correspondingly implement the behaviors and functions of the receiving end in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 2602 is configured to acquire the second signal;
  • a processing unit 2601 configured to process the second signal to obtain a third signal
  • the third signal includes a data signal and M reference signals
  • M1 first virtual reference signals are located at the real signal position of the third signal
  • the M2 first real reference signals are located at the imaginary signal positions of the third signal.
  • amplitudes of the M1 first virtual reference signals are a first preset value; amplitudes of the M2 first real reference signals are a second preset value.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is the same as that of the interference signal received by the reference signal.
  • the polarity of the first virtual reference signal is the same as the polarity of the adjacent first virtual reference signal; the polarity of the first real reference signal is the same as the polarity of the adjacent first real reference signal same.
  • the polarity of the reference signal is determined by the identifier of the communication apparatus 2600, or determined by the identifier of the device sending the third signal.
  • the data signal includes a real data signal and a dummy data signal, the real data signal is located at the real signal position, and the dummy data signal is located at the dummy signal position; two dummy data signals adjacent to M1 first dummy reference signals The amplitudes of the two real data signals adjacent to the M2 first real reference signals are the same, but the polarities are opposite.
  • the third signal further includes at least one of the following: M3 second virtual reference signals, M4 second real reference signals, M3 is an integer greater than or equal to 0, M4 is an integer greater than or equal to 0 integer.
  • the second virtual reference signal is spaced from the first virtual reference signal; the second real reference signal is spaced from the first real reference signal.
  • the interference signal of the first virtual reference signal includes a first interference signal and a second interference signal, and the sum value or the amplitude of the value of the first interference signal and the value of the second interference signal is the first Three preset values
  • the first interference signal is the interference signal of the data signal to the first virtual reference signal
  • the second interference signal is the interference signal of M3 second virtual reference signals to the first virtual reference signal
  • the interfering signal includes a third interfering signal and a fourth interfering signal, the sum of the value of the third interfering signal and the fourth interfering signal or the magnitude of the sum is the fourth preset value
  • the third interfering signal is the data signal to the first An interference signal of a real reference signal
  • a fourth interference signal is an interference signal of M4 second real reference signals to the first real reference signal.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application It can be integrated in one processing unit, or physically exist separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated unit can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the integrated unit can be stored in a storage medium as a computer software product, including several instructions to make a computer device (it can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) Execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the processing unit in the embodiment of the present application may be implemented by a processor/processing circuit or a processor/processing circuit-related circuit component
  • the transceiver unit may be implemented by a transceiver/transceiving interface or a transceiver/transceiving interface-related circuit component or a communication interface accomplish.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 2700 .
  • the apparatus 2700 may be used to implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments, and reference may be made to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the Apparatus 2700 includes one or more processors 2701 .
  • the processor 2701 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, terminals, or chips, etc.), execute software programs, and process data of software programs.
  • the communication device may include a transceiver unit for inputting (receiving) and outputting (sending) signals.
  • the transceiver unit may be a transceiver, a radio frequency chip, and the like.
  • the apparatus 2700 includes one or more processors 2701, and the one or more processors 2701 can implement the methods in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • processor 2701 may also implement other functions in addition to implementing the methods in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the processor 2701 may execute instructions, so that the apparatus 2700 executes the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the instructions may be stored in whole or in part in the processor, such as instruction 2703, or may be stored in whole or in part in the memory 2702 coupled to the processor, such as instruction 2704, and the instructions 2703 and 2704 may jointly cause the device 2700 to execute the above method. method described in the example.
  • Instructions 2703 are also referred to as computer programs.
  • the communication device 2700 may also include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the functions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the device 2700 may include one or more memories 2702, on which are stored instructions 2704, which can be executed on the processor, so that the device 2700 executes the methods described in the above method embodiments.
  • data may also be stored in the memory.
  • Instructions and/or data may also be stored in the optional processor.
  • one or more memories 2702 may store the correspondence described in the above embodiments, or related parameters or tables involved in the above embodiments. Processor and memory can be set separately or integrated together.
  • the device 2700 may further include a transceiver 2705 and an antenna 2706 .
  • the processor 2701 may be called a processing unit, and controls the device (terminal or base station).
  • the transceiver 2705 may be called a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver unit, etc., and is used to realize the transceiver function of the device through the antenna 2706 .
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the above-mentioned method embodiments may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other available Program logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • Program logic devices discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the method described in the above-mentioned method embodiment is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which implements the method described in the foregoing method embodiments when the computer program product is executed by a computer.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, and the communication system includes a sending end and a receiving end.
  • the sending end may implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments
  • the receiving end may implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • a computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • a computer can be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • Computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, e.g.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, etc. integrated with one or more available media. Available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg, high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or semiconductor media (eg, SSD), etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a processing device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the method described in the above method embodiment.
  • the above-mentioned processing device may be a chip, and the processor may be implemented by hardware or by software.
  • the processor When implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in the memory, and the memory may be integrated in the processor, or located outside the processor, and exist independently.
  • the processing unit 2601 or the processor 2701 may be one or more logic circuits, transmitting and receiving
  • the unit 2602 or the transceiver 2705 may be an input-output interface, or called a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, or the like.
  • the transceiver 2705 may also be a sending unit and a receiving unit, the sending unit may be an output interface, and the receiving unit may be an input interface, and the sending unit and the receiving unit are integrated into one unit, such as an input and output interface.
  • the communication device shown in FIG. 28 the communication device shown in FIG.
  • the logic circuit 2801 may be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit or a system on chip (SoC) chip, etc.
  • the input and output interface 2802 may be a communication interface, an input and output interface, and the like.
  • the logic circuit and the input/output interface may also be coupled to each other. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific connection manner of the logic circuit and the input/output interface.
  • the logic circuit and the input/output interface may be used to perform the functions or operations performed by the above-mentioned sending end or receiving end.
  • the logic circuit 2801 is used to obtain the first signal.
  • the input and output interface 2802 is used for sending the first signal.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or integrated. to another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • a unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separated, and a component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.

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Abstract

一种信号传输的方法及装置，用以估计相噪，并且可以提高相噪估计精度，降低信号开销。该方法包括：发送端发送的第一信号包括数据信号和参考信号，参考信号中的第一虚参考信号位于第一信号的实信号位置，和/或参考信号中的第一实参考信号位于第一信号的虚信号位置，参考信号用于相噪估计。

Description

一种信号传输的方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年06月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110680245.3、申请名称为“一种信号传输的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种信号传输的方法及装置。
背景技术
在无线通信过程中，发送端对需要发送的数据进行处理，将处理后得到的信号通过无线信道发送给接收端，接收端对接收到的信号进行处理，可以得到发送端发送的数据。
信号以电磁波的形式在无线信道中传输，而电磁波在传输过程中存在路径损耗，以及存在相位噪声等问题，相位噪声会使得通信系统的性能下降甚至无法工作，因此急需提出一种方法对相位噪声进行估计并去除。
发明内容
本申请提供一种信号传输的方法及装置，用以估计相噪，以及提高相噪估计精度，降低开销。
第一方面，提供一种信号传输的方法。在该方法中，发送端获取第一信号，发送第一信号。第一信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，M个参考信号包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，M为大于0的整数，M1为大于或等于0的整数，M2为大于或等于0的整数；M1个第一虚参考信号位于第一信号的实信号位置；M2个第一实参考信号位于第一信号的虚信号位置。
也就是说，第一信号可以包括M1个第一虚参考信号，或者第一信号可以包括M2个第一实参考信号，或者第一信号可以包括M1个第一虚参考信号和M2个第一实参考信号。
其中数据信号可以为复数信号，数据信号可以分离成实数据信号和虚数据信号，其中实数据信号位于实信号位置，虚数据信号位于虚信号位置。
实信号位置可以为偶数索引的位置，虚信号位置可以为奇数索引的位置。或者实信号位置可以为奇数索引的位置，虚信号位置可以为偶数索引的位置。
在该方法，位于实信号位置的第一虚参考信号，和/或位于虚信号位置的第一实参考信号用于相噪估计，从而使得接收端可以估计出相噪，以及对估计出的相噪进行去除。并且该方法还可以提高相噪估计精度，降低信号开销。该方法还适用于单用户和多用户等不同的场景。
在一种可能的设计中，其中发送端和接收端双方可以已知参考信号的幅度。可选的参考信号的幅度固定，例如M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值，和/或M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。第一预设值可以为任意值，第二预设值可以为任意值，第 一预设值和第二预设值可以相同或不同。
参考信号的极性可以表示幅度的正负，发送端可以对参考信号的极性进行调整，接收端可以对参考信号的极性进行估计，这样接收端可以根据参考信号的幅度和估计出的极性，估计出相噪，其中参考信号的极性与一个或多个信息有关。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性与参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同或相反。例如第一虚参考信号的极性与该第一虚参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同或相反，第一实参考信号的极性与该第一实参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同或相反。
第一虚参考信号受到的干扰信号可以包括以下一种或多种：数据信号，第一实参考信号和第二虚参考信号，其中第二虚参考信号位于虚信号位置。例如在只有M1个第一虚参考信号时，数据信号对第一虚参考信号有干扰，在有M3个第二虚参考信号和M1个第一虚参考信号时，M3个第二虚参考信号和数据信号，分别对第一虚参考信号有干扰。一个可能的示例中，数据信号中位于实信号位置的实数据信号对第一虚参考信号有干扰。
第一实参考信号受到的干扰信号可以包括以下一种或多种：数据信号，第一虚参考信号和第二实参考信号，其中第二实参考信号位于实信号位置。例如在只有M2个第一实参考信号时，数据信号对第一实参考信号有干扰信号，在有M4个第二实参考信号和M2个第一实参考信号时，M4个第二实参考信号和数据信号分别对第一实参考信号有干扰。一个可能的示例中，数据信号中位于虚信号位置的虚数据信号对第一实参考信号有干扰。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性与参考信号的相邻信号的极性相同或相反。例如第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同或相反，和/或第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同。
在一种可能的设计中，数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，实数据信号位于实信号位置，虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；第一虚参考信号的极性与第一虚参考信号相邻的虚数据信号的极性相同或相反；第一实参考信号的极性与第一实参考信号相邻的实数据信号的极性相同或相反。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性由接收第一信号的设备的标识确定。其中接收第一信号的设备可以为接收端。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性由发送第一信号的设备的标识确定。其中发送第一信号的设备可以为发送端。
在一种可能的设计中，发送端还可以在参考信号的多个极性集合中，确定每个极性集合的信号值集合，极性集合包括M个参考信号(可选)及M个参考信号的极性，信号值集合包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号叠加干扰信号的第一信号值、M2个第一实参考信号叠加干扰信号的第二信号值；在每个信号值集合中，选择绝对值最小的第一信号值或第二信号值。如果选择出绝对值最小的第一信号值对应的第一最大值，确定第一最大值所属的信号值集合对应的第一极性集合，根据第一极性集合，确定M个参考信号的极性。如果选择出绝对值最小的第二信号值对应的第二最大值，确定第二最大值所属的信号值集合对应的第二极性集合，根据第二极性集合，确定M个参考信号的极性。在该设计中，将干扰信号中最小干扰信号幅度值尽可能最大化，可以降低信号的峰值平均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)。
在该设计中，第一虚参考信号叠加的干扰信号为第一虚参考信号受到的干扰信号。第一实参考信号叠加的干扰信号为第一实参考信号受到的干扰。
在一种可能的设计中，M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反，和/或M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信号的信号值为固定值，或者大于预设的信号值。
在一种可能的设计中，第一信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、M4个第二实参考信号，M3为大于或等于0的整数，M4为大于或等于0的整数。第二虚参考信号位于虚信号位置，和/或第二实参考信号位于实信号位置。其中第二虚参考信号和第二实参考信号作为冗余参考信号，可以进一步降低信号的PAPR。
在一种可能的设计中，第二虚参考信号与第一虚参考信号间隔排布，即每两个虚参考信号之间插入有第一虚参考信号，每两个第一虚参考信号之间插入有两个虚参考信号。和/或第二实参考信号与第一实参考信号间隔排布，即每两个实参考信号之间插入有第一实参考信号，每两个第一实参考信号之间插入有第二实参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，第一干扰信号为数据信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，第二干扰信号为M3个第二虚参考信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号。
第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的和值(或和值的幅度)为第三预设值。和/或，第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的差值(或差值的幅度)为预设值。
在一种可能的设计中，第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，第三干扰信号为数据信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号，第四干扰信号为M4个第二实参考信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的和值(或和值的幅度)为第四预设值。和/或，第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的差值(或差值的幅度)为第四预设值。
在一种可能的设计中，若接收第一信号的设备标识为奇数，第一信号可以包括M1个第一虚参考信号，和/或若接收第一信号的设备标识为偶数，第一信号可以包括M2个第一实参考信号。
在一种可能的设计中，由M1个第一虚参考信号构成的序列，与由M2个第一实参考信号构成的序列正交。
在一种可能的设计中，若发送第一信号的端口号为奇数，第一信号可以包括M1个第一虚参考信号，和/或若发送第一信号的端口号为偶数，第一信号可以包括M2个第一实参考信号。
第二方面，提供一种信号传输的方法。在该方法中，接收端获取第二信号，对第二信号进行处理，得到第三信号。第三信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，M个参考信号包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，M为大于0的整数，M1为大于或等于0的整数，M2为大于或等于0的整数；M1个第一虚参考信号位于第三信号的实信号位置；M2个第一实参考信号位于第三信号的虚信号位置。接收端可以对第二信号进行与生成第一信号相应的逆操作处理，从而估计出相噪。
在一种可能的设计中，M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值；M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性与参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同或相反。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性与参考信号的相邻信号的极性相同或相反。例如第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同或相反，和/或第一实参考信 号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同或相反。
在一种可能的设计中，数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，实数据信号位于实信号位置，虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；第一虚参考信号的极性与第一虚参考信号相邻的虚数据信号的极性相同或相反；第一实参考信号的极性与第一实参考信号相邻的实数据信号的极性相同或相反。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性由接收第三信号的设备的标识确定。其中接收第三信号的设备可以为接收端。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性由发送第三信号的设备的标识确定。其中发送第三信号的设备可以为发送端。
在一种可能的设计中，参考信号的极性与第三信号的极性相同。
在一种可能的设计中，M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反，和/或M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
在一种可能的设计中，第三信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、M4个第二实参考信号，M3为大于或等于0的整数，M4为大于或等于0的整数。第二虚参考信号位于虚信号位置，和/或第二实参考信号位于实信号位置。
在一种可能的设计中，第二虚参考信号与第一虚参考信号间隔排布；第二实参考信号与第一实参考信号间隔排布。
在一种可能的设计中，第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，第一干扰信号为数据信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，第二干扰信号为M3个第二虚参考信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号。
第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的和值(或和值的幅度)为第三预设值。和/或，第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的差值(或差值的幅度)为预设值。
在一种可能的设计中，第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，第三干扰信号为数据信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号，第四干扰信号为M4个第二实参考信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的和值(或和值的幅度)为第四预设值。和/或，第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的差值(或差值的幅度)为预设值。
第三方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为上述发送端或接收端，或者为设置在发送端或接收端中的芯片。该通信装置可以实现第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
通信装置包括实现上述方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或means可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，包括收发单元。可选的，该通信装置还包括处理单元。该通信装置可以实现第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以使得该装置执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括接口电路，处理器与接口电路耦合。
该接口电路可以为代码/数据读写接口电路，该接口电路用于接收计算机执行指令(计算机执行指令存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该处理器，以使该处理器运行计算机执行指令以执行上述任一方面的方法。
在一些可能的设计中，该通信装置可以为芯片或芯片系统。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
可选地，该处理器为一个或多个，该存储器为一个或多个。
可选地，该存储器可以与该处理器集成在一起，或者该存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
该通信装置可以是一个芯片，该处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第七方面，提供一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该处理器执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置，包括：逻辑电路和输入输出接口，该输入输出接口用于与该通信装置之外的模块通信；该逻辑电路用于运行计算机程序以执行上述任一方面所述的方法。该通信装置可以为上述第一方面或第二方面或第三方面中的发送端或接收端，或者包含上述发送端或接收端的装置，或者上述发送端或接收端中包含的装置，比如芯片。
或者，该输入输出接口可以为代码/数据读写接口电路，该输入输出接口用于接收计算机程序(计算机程序存储在存储器中，可能直接从存储器读取，或可能经过其他器件)并传输至该输入输出接口，以使该输入输出接口运行计算机程序以执行上述任一方面所述的方法。
可选的，该通信装置可以为芯片。
第九方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当该计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
第十方面，提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面中的方法。
第十一方面，提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和接口，用于支持通信装置实现上述第一方面或第二方面中所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器，用于保存前述通信装置的必要的信息和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构 成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十二方面，提供一种功能实体，该功能实体用于实现上述第一方面至第二方面中的方法。
第十三方面，提供一种通信系统，包括上述第一方面或第二方面的发送端和接收端。
其中，第三方面至第十三方面中任一种设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见上述第一方面所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图2为一种通信系统的架构示意图；
图3为一种时域处理流程示意图；
图4为一种复数信号的波形示意图；
图5为一种实数据信号和虚数据信号的波形示意图；
图6为一种频域处理流程示意图；
图7为一种实数据信号和虚数据信号的波形示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种信号传输的过程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种信号的波形示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种发送端处理流程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种接收端处理流程示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种信号相位的示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种信号相位的示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种信号的波形示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种信号相位的示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种信号的波形示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的一种信号的波形示意图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的一种信号示意图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的一种信号示意图；
图20为本申请实施例提供的一种信号示意图；
图21为本申请实施例提供的一种信号的波形示意图；
图22为本申请实施例提供的一种信号示意图；
图23为本申请实施例提供的一种信号示意图；
图24为本申请实施例提供的一种信号的波形示意图；
图25为本申请实施例提供的一种信号的波形示意图；
图26为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图27为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图28为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
本申请将围绕可包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例的”一词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
以下对本申请实施例的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)无线通信系统，包括发送端和接收端。发送端可以对需要发送的数据进行调制，得到调制符号，在时频域上通过成形滤波器产生相应的波形(也称电磁波)。发送端可以将波形发射到无线信道中。接收端在无线信道中接收波形，通过匹配滤波器进行滤波得到解调信号。
波形为信号(也称无线信号)在时间或频率上分布情况的图形抽象，也就是说波形承载有信号。在无线通信中，信号可以是以不同符号的不同组合进行传递。
无线信道，也称信道，用于表示无线通信中发送端和接收端之间的通路。
发送端可以但不限于地面设备或卫星。接收端可以但不限于地面设备或卫星。
发送端可以为终端设备或网络设备。接收端可以为终端设备或网络设备。
可以理解的是，在一些可能的情况下，发送端也可以作为接收端，实现信号的获取、处理等功能，接收端也可以作为发送端，实现信号的生成、发送等功能，也就是说，一个物理设备可以是发送端，或者可以是接收端，或者既是发送端又是接收端。
2)频段，用于发送端和接收端之间的通信。一般的，频段有多个信道，例如2.4吉赫兹(Giga Hertz，GHz)频段有14个信道，每个信道的频宽可以为22兆赫兹(megahertz，MHz)。
频段包括但不限于毫米波频段和Sub-6GHz。毫米波指波长在1-10毫米(mm)之间的电磁波，毫米波频段为30GHz-300GHz。Sub-6GHz指频段低于6GHz的电磁波。毫米波频段能够提供的带宽大于Sub-6GHz，因此毫米波频段具有大带宽，高集成天线阵列等特点，可以实现更高吞吐量。
电磁波在传播中存在路径损耗，传输信号所使用的频段越高，路径损耗越大，因此毫米波频段的路径损耗也更大。因此为了提高信号质量，可以增大信号的发送功率，例如可以选择单载波偏移正交幅度调制(single-carrier offset quadrature amplitude modulation，SC-OQAM)技术，生成一个较低PAPR的波形。为了便于说明，下文将使用SC-OQAM技术生成的波形，称为SC-OQAM波形，或者SC-OQAM信号。
3)PAPR，为一个周期内的信号的峰值功率与该周期内的信号的平均功率的比值。
信号从时域上是幅度不断变化的正弦波。一个周期内信号的幅度的峰值功率和平均功率，与其他周期内信号的幅度的峰值功率和平均功率可能不同，也就是说一个周期的PAPR与其他周期的PAPR可能不同。
发送端设置有功率放大器，功率放大器在设定范围内对信号进行功率放大，如果放大 的功率超过设定范围，会导致信号失真，接收端无法正确解析失真的信号。因此为了保证信号的峰值功率在功率放大器的设定范围内，可以降低信号的平均功率，但这会导致功率放大器的效率变低，或信号的等效覆盖范围变小。为了满足信号的覆盖范围要求，可以选择PAPR较低的技术，如选择SC-OQAM技术。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例对生成信号所使用的技术不做限定，除SC-OQAM外的其它技术也可以使用本申请提供的信号传输的方法。例如其它技术可以为能够生成较低PAPR的技术。
4)相位噪声(phase noise，PHN)，在时域上对信号产生随机的相位偏移。频段越高，相位噪声对信号的影响越大，即相位噪声会导致信号的解调性能越差。在下文中，将相位噪声简称为相噪。在一个周期内，相位可以表示信号所处的位置，相位一般用角度表示。
新空口(new radio，NR)中针对循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)-正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)信号和离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)-扩展(spread，s)-OFDM信号，引入了相位跟踪参考信号(phase tracking reference signal，PTRS)。PTRS可以补偿相噪，改善相噪条件下的信号的解调性能。
5)数据信号，可以是经过编码的数据，或者未经过编码的数据。数据信号可以位于偶数索引的位置，或者可以为奇数索引的位置。数据信号可以理解为承载数据的信号。
在本申请中，数据信号可选的可以为复数信号。例如复数信号可以包括以下至少一个：实数据信号和虚数据信号，其中实数据信号为数据信号的实部信号，虚数据信号为数据信号的虚部信号。
实数据信号所在的位置为实信号位置，即用于承载实数据信号的波形所在的位置为实信号位置。虚数据信号所在的位置为虚信号位置，即用于承载虚数据信号的波形所在的位置为虚信号位置。
例如实信号位置在偶数索引的位置，虚信号位置在奇数索引的位置。又如实信号位置在奇数索引的位置，虚信号位置在奇数索引的位置。
本申请中的“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中所涉及的至少一个指一个或多个，多个是指两个或两个以上。
另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于无线通信系统，例如：无线通信系统可以为第四代(4th generation，4G)通信系统(例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统)，第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统(例如，NR系统)，及未来的移动通信系统等。本申请实施例的技术方案也可以应用于卫星通信系统，其中，卫星通信系统可以与无线通信系统相融合。
本申请实施例提供的通信系统适用于网络设备和终端设备之间的通信。通信系统中可以包括一个或多个网络设备，以及一个或多个终端设备。例如图1所示，通信系统可以包括一个网络设备(如网络设备100)，和多个终端设备(如终端设备110和终端设备111)。又如图2所示，通信系统可以包括多个网络设备(如网络设备101，网络设备102和网络 设备103)，和一个终端设备(如终端设备112)。本申请实施例中的通信系统也可以适用于网络设备和网络设备之间的通信，终端设备和终端设备之间的通信，以及车联网，物联网和工业互联网等的通信。
可选的，本申请实施例中的网络设备，是一种将终端设备接入到无线网络的设备。网络设备可以为无线接入网中的节点，又可以称为基站，还可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点(或设备)。例如，网络设备可以包括LTE系统或演进的LTE系统(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或eNodeB，evolved Node B)，如传统的宏基站eNB和异构网络场景下的微基站eNB；或者也可以包括5G NR系统中的下一代节点B(next generation node B，gNB)，或者还可以包括传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、基带池BBU pool，或无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)接入点(access point，AP)等；再或者还可以包括云接入网(cloud radio access network，CloudRAN)系统中的集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)；又或者可以包括非陆地网络(non-terrestrial network，NTN)中的网络设备，即可以部署于高空平台或者卫星，在NTN中，网络设备可以作为层1(L1)中继(relay)，或者可以作为基站，或者可以作为DU，或者可以作为接入回传一体化(integrated access and backhual，IAB)节点，本申请实施例并不限定。当然，网络设备也可以为核心网中的节点。
可选的，本申请实施例中的终端设备，可以是用于实现无线通信功能的设备，例如终端或者可用于终端中的芯片等。其中，终端可以是5G网络或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、终端单元、终端站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、无线通信设备、终端代理或终端装置等。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备或可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。或者，终端可以是车联网(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)中的终端(例如车联网设备)、设备到设备(Device to Device)通信中的终端、或者机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)通信中的终端等。终端可以是移动的，也可以是固定的。
下面对SC-OQAM技术进行说明。
图3为一种可能的SC-OQAM技术的时域处理流程示意图。
在S301中，发送端对数据进行调制得到调制信号，该调制信号为复数信号310。其中调制信号包括一个或多个调制符号。
一种可能的复数信号的波形如图4所示，一个波形承载一个复数信号，两个波形之间正交，即一个波形在下一个波形承载信号的采样处的幅度为0。
在S302中，发送端对复数信号310进行实部和虚部的分离，得到实数据信号311和 虚数据信号312。
在S303中，发送端对实数据信号311进行上采样处理，得到实数据信号313，对虚数据信号312进行上采样处理，得到虚数据信号314。
例如发送端对实数据信号311进行两倍的上采样，得到的实数据信号313为[X,0,X,0,X,0,…]，对虚数据信号312进行两倍的上采样，得到的虚数据信号314为[jY,0,jY,0,jY,0,…]。
在S304中，发送端对实数据信号313或虚数据信号314进行延时(也称偏移)。
例如发送端对虚数据信号314进行一个延时，得到虚数据信号315为[0,jY,0,jY,0,jY,…]。
实数据信号313和虚数据信号315合并之后得到数据信号316为[X,jY,X,jY,X,jY,…]。
在S305中，发送端使用成形滤波器对合并后得到的数据信号316进行脉冲赋形。
脉冲赋形可以降低信号的PAPR，对信号所需的传输带宽进行限制，减弱或去除信号带来的干扰。
在S306中，发送端对脉冲赋形后的数据信号进行下采样，下采样后的信号可以传输到射频模块，通过天线发送给接收端。
对复数信号进行实部和虚部分离后，图4中的复数信号之间的正交关系变为实数据信号和虚数据信号的部分正交关系，部分正交关系存在部分干扰。一种可能的实数据信号和虚数据信号的波形如图5所示，实线所示的波形承载实数据信号，虚线所示的波形承载虚数据信号。承载实数据信号的波形之间是正交关系。承载实数据信号的波形和承载虚数据信号的波形之间是非正交关系，且存在干扰。即承载实数据信号的波形在承载虚数据信号的(相邻)波形的采样处的幅度非0，承载虚数据信号的波形在承载实数据信号的(相邻)波形的采样处的幅度非0。在实信号位置发送的实数据信号对虚信号位置发送的虚数据信号产生实干扰，以及虚数据信号对实数据信号产生虚干扰。这样，接收端在接收实数据信号时，可以把虚数据信号丢掉，即去除虚数据信号对接收的实数据信号的干扰，以及在接收虚数据信号时，可以把实数据信号丢掉，即去掉实数据信号对接收的虚数据信号的干扰，因此接收端可以正确接收并处理数据。可见，实数据信号的波形的波峰叠加有虚数据信号的波形的非波峰，这种错开波峰的处理方式可以降低PAPR。
图6为一种可能的SC-OQAM技术的频域处理流程示意图。
S601-S604的过程参见上述S301-S304。
复数信号310为N点，合并后得到的数据信号316为2N点，即数据信号316的长度为复数信号310的2倍。
在S605中，发送端对数据信号316进行2N点的离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)处理。
可选的，在S606中，发送端使用滤波器对DFT处理之后的数据信号进行第一滤波处理，得到数据信号317。例如数据信号317的点数可以为J，J大于或等于N，且J小于或等于2N。值得说明的是，可以对DFT之后或DFT之前的数据信号进行第二滤波处理，产生干扰信号，即实数据信号会在虚信号位置产生干扰，虚数据信号会在实信号位置产生干扰。第二滤波处理与第一滤波处理可以相同，也可以不相同。下文涉及的干扰信号可以是由对DFT之后或DFT之前的数据信号进行第二滤波处理产生。
由于S605中DFT的点数是复数信号310的点数的两倍，因此DFT处理之后的数据是冗余的，因此可以对该冗余的信号进行频域滤波，不会造成性能损失。
在S607中，发送端将数据信号317映射到J个子载波上。
在S608中，发送端对J个子载波上的数据信号补零，做M点的快速傅里叶反变换(inverse fast fourier transformation，IFFT)，然后添加CP发送给接收端。
这里对复数信号进行实部和虚部分离后，实数据信号的波峰和虚数据信号的波峰错开处理，可以降低PAPR。
电磁波在传播中还可能存在相噪等问题，使得通信系统的性能下降甚至无法工作。因此可以进行相噪的估计，从而保证通信系统的性能。
一种可能的方式中，可以基于图3或图6所示的低PAPR波形的基础上，进行相噪的估计。例如在数据信号的基础上插入参考信号，如图7所示，实信号位置有实数据信号X 1和X 2，虚信号位置有虚数据信号jY 1，并在实信号位置插入了实参考信号Q 1和Q 3，在虚信号位置插入了虚参考信号jQ 2和jQ 4。
虚信号位置的信号Z I＝(jQ I+INT)，jQ I指虚信号位置的虚数据信号或虚参考信号，INT指实干扰信号，例如虚数据信号jY 1的实干扰信号INT包括实数据信号X 1，X 2，实参考信号Q 1和Q 3，也就是说虚信号位置有实信号位置发送的信号的干扰。
实信号位置的信号Z Q＝(Q Q+jINT)，Q Q指实信号位置的实数据信号或实参考信号，jINT指虚干扰信号，例如实参考信号Q 1的虚干扰信号jINT包括虚数据信号jY 1，虚参考信号jQ 2和jQ 4，也就是说实信号位置有虚信号位置发送的信号的干扰。
接收端可以对接收到虚信号位置的信号提取虚部，对接收到的实信号位置的信号提取实部，可以正确接收到信号。但是由于相噪会导致信号(如jQ I或Q Q)和干扰信号(如INT或jINT)之间不再正交，例如信号Z Q＝(Q Q+jINT)，受相噪影响，变为Z Q＝(Q Q+jINT)*exp(1i*Θ)，其中Θ为相噪，相噪可能导致INT的一部分能量变为虚数，从而导致Q Q和jINT有交叉而不正交，影响接收端信号的正确接收。
例如可以设计Q 1和Q 3的值，使得jQ 2和jQ 4受到的干扰为0，这样jQ 2的虚信号位置处的信号Z＝jQ2*exp(1i*Θ)，jQ 4的虚信号位置处的信号Z＝jQ4*exp(1i*Θ)，由于jQ 2和jQ 4为已知的参考信号，因此可以估计出相噪Θ，从而降低干扰信号对数据的干扰。这里Q 1和Q 3用来消除jQ 2和jQ 4的干扰，不参与相噪的估计过程，也不能用来传输数据，Q 1和Q 3为冗余信号。因此这里设计的PTRS的相噪估计精度低，PTRS有额外开销。
基于此，本申请实施例还提供一种信号传输的方法，可以应用于图1或图2所示的通信系统中。发送端发送的第一信号包括数据信号和参考信号，参考信号中的第一虚参考信号位于第一信号的实信号位置，和/或参考信号中的第一实参考信号位于第一信号的虚信号位置，参考信号用于相噪估计，可以提高相噪估计精度，降低信号开销。其中第一信号可以为PTRS。
其中第一信号可以包括数据信号。示例的，数据信号可以位于第一信号的偶数索引的位置，或者数据信号可以位于第一信号的奇数索引的位置，或者不局限于位置的索引，如数据信号可以既可以位于第一信号的奇数索引的位置也位于偶数索引的位置。例如第一信号可以为[C 1,C 2,C 3,…]，即第一信号的每个位置上有数据信号C 1、C 2和C 3等。又一示例的，数据信号可选的为复数信号，该数据信号可以包括实数据信号和/或虚数据信号。实数据信号可以位于第一信号的实信号位置，虚数据信号可以位于第一信号的虚信号位置。其 中实信号位置可以为偶数索引的位置，虚信号位置为奇数索引的位置。或者实信号位置可以为奇数索引的位置，虚信号位置为偶数索引的位置(下文主要以这种情况为例进行说明)。例如数据信号C＝X+jY，其中X为0时，数据信号包括虚数据信号，Y为0时，数据信号包括实数据信号，X非0且Y非0时，数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，第一信号可以为[X 1,jY 1,X 2,jY 2,X 3,jY 3,…]，第一信号的实信号位置上有实数据信号X 1、X 2和X 3等，第一信号的虚信号位置上有虚数据信号jY 1、jY 2和jY 3等。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中主要以对实数据信号和虚数据信号进行两倍上采样以及延时为例，对于插入更多数量的参考信号的情况，可以对实数据信号和虚数据信号进行两倍以上的上采样及延时，此处不做限制。
本申请实施例中通过插入参考信号实现相噪的估计，下面分别以插入第一实参考信号和/或第一虚参考信号，插入第二实参考信号和/或第二虚参考信号，以及多用户等多种可能的情况进行说明。
实施例一，第一信号包括第一虚参考信号，第一虚参考信号位于实信号位置，即在实信号位置插入第一虚参考信号。图8为一种可能的信号传输过程，该过程包括：
S801：发送端获取第一信号。
在该S801中，发送端自身可以生成第一信号，或者发送端可以从其他设备中获取到第一信号(第一信号由其他设备生成，发送端可以接收其他设备发送的第一信号)。在本申请实施例中主要以发送端自身生成第一信号进行说明，其他设备生成第一信号的过程与发送端生成第一信号的过程相似，不做赘述。
第一信号包括数据信号，第一信号还可以包括M个参考信号，该M个参考信号用于估计相噪，M为大于0的整数，即M＝1，2，3，……。在该实施例中，M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号，M＝M1，M为大于0的整数。M1个第一虚参考信号位于第一信号的实信号位置。也就是说，发送端可以在第一信号的实信号位置插入(或设置)M1个第一虚参考信号。可选的，M1个第一虚参考信号的实信号位置(或实信号位置的索引)可以连续或不连续。可选的，M个参考信号可以对数据信号进行处理后得到。
在一个示例中，当发送端用于发送第一信号的端口号为奇数(或偶数)时，第一信号可以包括M1个第一虚参考信号。另一个示例中，当接收端(即获取或接收第一信号的设备)的标识为奇数(或偶数)时，第一信号可以包括M1个第一虚参考信号。又一个示例中，发送端对数据信号进行处理，确定M个参考信号中的M1个第一虚参考信号。
例如M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号，如图9所示，第一信号可以为[X 1,jY 1,jQ 1,jY 2,jQ 2,jY 3,jQ 3,jY 4,jQ 4,…]，第一信号的实信号位置有实数据信号X 1，以及第一虚参考信号jQ 1、jQ 2、jQ 3和jQ 4等，第一信号的虚信号位置有虚数据信号jY 1、jY 2、jY 3和jY 4等。
发送端和接收端双方已知参考信号的幅度。可选的，参考信号的幅度可以为固定值。一般的，幅度为绝对值。例如M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值，其中第一预设值任意，在本申请实施例中不做限制。
参考信号的极性可以表示幅度的正负。可选的，发送端可以对参考信号的极性进行调整。参考信号的极性可以与以下一个或多个信息有关：参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性， 参考信号的相邻信号的极性，数据信号的极性，参考信号的极性，发送端的标识，接收端的标识，发送端的端口号，参考信号的信号值，干扰信号的信号值，参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值。在本申请实施例中，除特别说明外，信号值可以指信号的绝对值(例如幅度)，或者可以指带有正负极性的值(例如带有极性的幅度)。
其中实信号位置存在虚信号位置处的信号干扰，即实信号位置上的信号对虚信号位置上的信号有干扰，也就是说虚信号位置处的信号会受到实信号位置的干扰，例如图9中虚数据信号jY 1、jY 2、jY 3和jY 4对第一虚参考信号jQ 1有干扰。可选的，参考信号的干扰信号可以包括数据信号对参考信号的干扰信号，和/或其他参考信号对参考信号的干扰信号。对于第一虚参考信号来说，其他参考信号可以包括第一实参考信号(如果有的话)，和/或虚信号位置上的第二虚参考信号(如果有的话)。关于第一实参考信号和第二虚参考信号的描述可以参见后续实施例。在图9所示的第一信号中，jQ 1所在位置处的信号为Z1＝j(Q 1+INT1)，jINT1为jQ 1所在位置处的虚干扰，jQ 2所在位置处的信号为Z2＝j(Q 2+INT2)，jINT2为jQ 2所在位置处的虚干扰，jQ 3所在位置处的信号为Z3＝j(Q 3+INT3)，jINT3为jQ 3所在位置处的虚干扰，jQ 4所在位置处的信号为Z4＝j(Q 4+INT4)，jINT4为jQ 4所在位置处的虚干扰。
在参考信号的极性与参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性有关的情况下，参考信号的极性可以与参考信号受到的干扰的极性相同或相反。例如，第一虚参考信号的极性可以与该第一虚参考信号的干扰信号的极性相同(或相反)。在一个示例中，发送端可以根据对第一虚参考信号有干扰的数据信号的极性，确定第一虚参考信号的极性。又一个示例中，发送端可以根据对第一虚参考信号有干扰的第二虚参考信号的极性，确定第一虚参考信号的极性。又一个示例中，参考信号受到的干扰信号的信号值为0时，参考信号的极性可以为正，或者可以为负，或者可以不做规定。
在参考信号的极性与参考信号的相邻信号的极性有关的情况下，参考信号的极性可以与参考信号的相邻信号的极性相同或相反。可选的，参考信号的相邻信号可以包括数据信号和/或参考信号。“相邻”可以包括参考信号所在位置之前的相邻(即前相邻)，和/或参考信号所在位置之后的相邻(即后相邻)，如果信号位置的索引从小到大，则前相邻的信号所在位置的索引小于参考信号所在位置的索引，后相邻的信号所在位置的索引小于参考信号所在位置的索引。“相邻”可以指在时域上相邻的信号位置(不限于实信号位置还是虚信号位置)，相邻信号所在位置的索引与参考信号所在位置的索引可以连续，例如图9中jQ 1的相邻信号可以为jY 1和jY 2。或者“相邻”可以指在时域上相邻的实信号位置，相邻信号所在位置的索引与参考信号所在位置的索引间隔有虚信号位置的索引，例如图9中的jQ 1的相邻信号可以为X 1和jQ 2，或者在时域上相邻的虚信号位置，相邻信号所在位置的索引与参考信号所在位置的索引间隔有实信号位置的索引，例如图9中的jY 1的相邻信号可以为jY 2。其中参考信号的相邻信号可以包括在参考信号的位置之前的相邻，和/或在参考信号的位置之后的相邻。例如，第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同，或相反。
可选的，如果第一虚参考信号相邻有两个虚数据信号，该两个虚数据信号的幅度可以相同，极性可以相反，例如该两个虚数据信号分别为jD和-jD。如果第一虚参考信号相邻有两个实数据信号，该两个实数据信号的幅度可以相同，极性可以相反，例如该两个实数据信号分别为D和-D。
在参考信号的极性与数据信号的极性有关的情况下，参考信号的极性可以与数据信号的极性相同或相反。一个示例中，数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，第一虚参考信号的极性可以与第一虚参考信号相邻的虚数据信号的极性相同(或相反)。
在参考信号的极性与参考信号的极性有关的情况下，参考信号的极性可以与相邻的参考信号的极性相同或相反。一个示例中，第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同(或相反)。
在参考信号的极性与接收端的标识有关的情况下，在接收端的标识为奇数时，第一虚参考信号的极性可以为正(或负)，在接收端的标识为偶数时，第一虚参考信号的极性可以为负(或正)。可选的，接收端的标识可以为UE编号(ID)。可选的，可以在接收端的标识为奇数(或偶数)时，插入M1个第一虚参考信号。对于发送端来说，接收端指接收该第一信号的设备。
在参考信号的极性与发送端的标识有关的情况下，在发送端的标识为奇数时，第一虚参考信号的极性可以为正(或负)，在发送端的标识为偶数时，第一虚参考信号的极性可以为负(或正)。可选的，接收端的标识可以为UE ID。可选的，可以在发送端的标识为奇数(或偶数)时，插入M1个第一虚参考信号。对于发送端来说，发送端指发送该第一信号的设备。
在参考信号的极性与发送端的端口号有关的情况下，在发送端的端口号为奇数时，第一虚参考信号的极性可以为正(或负)，在发送端的端口号为偶数时，第一虚参考信号的极性可以为负(或正)。
参考信号的极性与参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值有关的情况可以参见后续实施例。其中参考信号叠加的干扰信号可以包括数据信号，第一实参考信号(如果有的话)，或虚信号位置上的第二虚参考信号(如果有的话)中的一种或多种。
对于参考信号的极性与参考信号的信号值有关的情况，和参考信号的极性与干扰信号的信号值有关的情况，可以参见该参考信号的极性与参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值有关的情况。
可选的，第一信号的功率值大于设定的功率阈值。该功率阈值可以由网络设备配置，或者协议规定，或者终端设备上报。或者该功率阈值可以与调制模式或调制编码策略有关。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中涉及到的“幅度”，“极性”均可以由网络设备配置，或者由终端设备上报，或者网络设备和终端设备约定，或者协议规定，本申请实施例不做限制。
在该S801中，发送端生成第一信号的过程可以如图10所示，发送端对数据进行调制得到调制信号，该调制信号包括一个或多个调制符号，该调制信号为负数信号。发送端对调制信号进行实部和虚部分离，得到实数据信号和虚数据信号。然后发送端对实数据信号或虚数据信号进行上采样处理和延时，以及插入第一虚参考信号。然后发送端对处理后的信号进行快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transformation，FFT)，将时域信号变为频域信号，对频域信号进行滤波处理(例如上述第一滤波处理和/或第二滤波处理)，然后映射到用于发送该频域信号的子载波上。发送端对频域信号进行快速傅里叶反变换(inverse fast Fourier transformation，IFFT)，再将频域信号变到时域信号，然后加上循环前缀，得到基带信号，最后将基带信号送到射频发送出去。第一信号可以为发送端插入第一虚参考信号后得到的信号，或者第一信号可以为基带信号。
S802：发送端发送第一信号，接收端获取第二信号。
在该S802中，发送端在信道中发送第一信号，对应的接收端在信道中尝试获取(或接收)第一信号。但是由于信噪和噪声等干扰，接收端获取到的第二信号为第一信号经过信道后叠加噪声的接收信号。
可选的，发送端在发送第一信号之前，还可以对第一信号做其他处理，本申请实施例中不做限制。例如第一信号为上述图10中插入第一虚参考信号后得到的信号，发送端还可以对第一信号进行FFT、滤波处理、IFFT等处理。
S803：接收端对第二信号进行处理，得到第三信号。
其中接收端对第二信号进行处理的过程可以为与生成第一信号的逆操作处理，从而估计出相噪。
接收端对第二信号进行处理的过程可以如图11所示，接收端去除获取到的第二信号的循环前缀，然后进行FFT，将时域信号变为频域信号，然后进行子载波的解映射。发送端进行去除信道滤波处理，再进行IFFT，将频域信号变为时域信号，然后进行相噪估计。发送端在去除相噪和噪声后得到第三信号。
第三信号可以为上述第一信号，或者可以包括上述第一信号。其中第三信号包括数据信号，还可以包括M个参考信号，该M个参考信号用于估计相噪。M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号，M1个第一虚参考信号位于第三信号的实信号位置。
接收端已知参考信号的幅度，例如M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值。接收端可以估计出参考信号的极性。例如参考信号的极性可以与以下一个或多个信息有关：参考信号的干扰信号的极性，参考信号的相邻信号的极性，数据信号的极性，发送端的标识，接收端的标识，发送端的端口号，参考信号的信号值，干扰信号的信号值，参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值，接收信号(即第三信号)的极性。例如参考信号的极性可以与第三信号的极性相同。对于接收端来说，接收端指接收该第二信号/第三信号的设备，发送端指接收该第二信号/第三信号的设备。
因此接收端根据已知的参考信号的幅度和估计出的参考信号的极性，从而可以估计出相噪。
还以上述图9为例，考虑到相噪和噪声的影响，在接收端接收到第二信号中，jQ 1所在位置处的信号为Z1’＝j(Q 1+INT1)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，jQ 2所在位置处的信号为Z2’＝j(Q 2+INT2)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，jQ 3所在位置处的信号为Z3’＝j(Q 3+INT3)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，jQ 4所在位置处的信号为Z4’＝j(Q 4+INT4)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，Θ为相噪。
上述参考信号(如jQ 1、jQ 2、jQ 3和jQ 4)和干扰信号(如jINT1、jINT2、jINT3和jINT4)均为虚部信号，则Z1，Z2，Z3和Z4的相位可能为90度或-90度，-90也可以称为270度。由于相噪会产生相位偏移，因此在该S803中，接收端可以根据Z1’，Z2’，Z3’和Z4’与90度或-90度的相位偏差，就可以确定出由于相噪产生的相位偏移，即估计出相噪。由于接收端已知各第一虚参考信号的幅度和估计出来的极性，因此接收端可以估计并去除各第一虚参考信号可能带来的干扰。
具体而言，在估计相噪的过程中，接收端可以对接收到的信号先估计角度，即估计Z1’，Z2’，Z3’和Z4’的角度。当噪声和相噪影响较小时，信号受噪声和相噪的影响也较小，估计出的角度比较准确。当第一虚参考信号叠加干扰信号的极性为正时，估计出的(第一虚参考信号叠加干扰信号的)角度为90度左右(在没有噪声和相噪时为90度)，当第一虚 参考信号叠加干扰信号的极性为负时，估计出的角度为270度左右(在没有噪声和相噪时为270度)。对于估计相噪的情况下，可以将调制阶数设置的较高，这样对信噪比的要求也比较高，噪声的功率比较低，对角度影响较小(可以忽略不计)，而相噪远小于90度，因此对角度的影响也较小。这样可以根据信号的角度所在范围就可以将信号估计出来，如图12所示，如果信号的角度所在范围为0到180度之间，第一虚参考信号叠加干扰信号的极性为正，则信号的角度与90度的偏差即为相噪，如果信号的角度所在的范围为180度到360度之间，第一虚参考信号叠加干扰信号的极性为负，则信号的角度与270度的偏差即为相噪。
可选的，也可以采用下述联合估计相噪的方式：将Z1，Z2，Z3和Z4同相相加，例如Z1和Z3的极性为正，Z2和Z4的极性为负，同相相加为Z1-Z2+Z3-Z4，接收端可以估计到更强的信号能量，并且噪声的功率可以降低4倍，可以进一步提高相噪的估计性能和准确性。
在该实施例一中，在实信号位置发送第一虚参考信号，所有的第一虚参考信号都可以用于估计相噪，因此可以提高相噪估计的性能的准确性，不需要额外的信令开销。
实施例二，第一信号包括第一实参考信号，第一实参考信号位于虚信号位置，即在虚信号位置插入第一实参考信号。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，M个参考信号包括M2个第一实参考信号，M＝M2，M为大于0的整数。M2个第一实参考信号位于第一信号的虚信号位置。也就是说，发送端可以在第一信号的虚信号位置插入(或设置)M2个第一实参考信号。可选的，M2个第一实参考信号的虚信号位置(或虚信号位置的索引)可以连续或不连续。其中M1和M2的取值可以相同，或者可以不同。可选的，M个参考信号可以对数据信号进行处理后得到。在该实施例中，主要针对该实施例二与实施例一的区别之处进行说明，相似之处请参见上述实施例一。
在一个示例中，当发送端用于发送第一信号的端口号为偶数(或奇数)时，第一信号可以包括M2个第一实参考信号。另一个示例中，当接收端的标识为偶数(或奇数)时，第一信号可以包括M2个第一实参考信号。又一个示例中，发送端对数据信号进行处理，确定M个参考信号中的M2个第一实参考信号。
例如M个参考信号包括M2个第一实参考信号，第一信号可以为[X 1,jY 1,X 2,Q 1,X 3,Q 2,X 4,Q 3,X 5,Q 4,…]，第一信号的实信号位置有实数据信号X 1、X 2、X 3、X 4和X 5等，以及第一实参考信号Q 1、Q 2、Q 3和Q 4等，第一信号的虚信号位置有虚数据信号jY 1。
发送端和接收端双方已知参考信号的幅度。例如M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值，其中第二预设值任意，第一预设值和第二预设值可以相同，或者可以不同，在本申请实施例中不做限制。
可选的，发送端可以对第一实参考信号的极性进行调整。第一实参考信号的极性可以与以下一个或多个信息有关：参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性，参考信号的相邻信号的极性，数据信号的极性，发送端的标识，参考信号的极性，接收端的标识，发送端的端口号，参考信号的信号值，干扰信号的信号值，参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值。可选的，对于接收端来说，第一实参考信号的极性还可以与接收信号的极性有关。
其中虚信号位置存在实信号位置处的信号干扰，即实信号位置上的信号对虚信号位置上的信号有干扰，也就是说虚信号位置处的信号会受到实信号位置的干扰。可选的，参考信号的干扰信号可以包括数据信号对参考信号的干扰信号，和/或其他参考信号对参考信号的干扰信号。对于第一实参考信号来说，其他参考信号可以包括第一虚参考信号(如果有的话)，和/或实信号位置上的第二实参考信号(如果有的话)。关于第二实参考信号的描述可以参见后续实施例。在发送端的第一信号中，Q 1所在位置处的信号为Z1＝(Q 1+INT1)，INT1为Q 1所在位置处的实干扰，Q 2所在位置处的信号为Z2＝(Q 2+INT2)，INT2为Q 2所在位置处的实干扰，Q 3所在位置处的信号为Z3＝(Q 1+INT3)，INT3为Q 3所在位置处的实干扰，Q 4所在位置处的信号为Z4＝(Q 4+INT4)，INT4为Q 4所在位置处的实干扰。
在参考信号的极性与参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性有关的情况下，例如，第一实参考信号的极性可以与该第一实参考信号的干扰信号的极性相同(或相反)。在一个示例中，发送端可以根据对第一实参考信号有干扰的数据信号的极性，确定第一实参考信号的极性。又一个示例中，发送端可以根据对第一实参考信号有干扰的第二实参考信号的极性，确定第一实参考信号的极性。又一个示例中，参考信号受到的干扰信号的信号值为0时，参考信号的极性可以为正，或者可以为负，或者可以不做规定。
在参考信号的极性与参考信号的相邻信号的极性有关的情况下，例如第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同或相反。
可选的，如果第一实参考信号相邻有两个实数据信号，该两个实数据信号的幅度可以相同，极性可以相反。如果第一实参考信号相邻有两个虚数据信号，该两个虚数据信号的幅度可以相同，极性可以相反。
在参考信号的极性与数据信号的极性有关的情况下，在一个示例中，数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，第一实数据信号的极性可以与第一实数据信号相邻的实数据信号的极性相同(或相反)。
在参考信号的极性与参考信号的极性有关的情况下，参考信号的极性可以与相邻的参考信号的极性相同或相反。一个示例中，第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同(或相反)。
在参考信号的极性与接收端的标识有关的情况下，在接收端的标识为奇数时，第一实参考信号的极性可以为正(或负)，在接收端的标识为偶数时，第一实参考信号的极性可以为负(或正)。可选的，接收端的标识可以为UE ID。可选的，可以在接收端的标识为偶数(或奇数)时，插入M2个第一实考信号。
在参考信号的极性与发送端的标识有关的情况下，在发送端的标识为奇数时，第一实参考信号的极性可以为正(或负)，在发送端的标识为偶数时，第一实参考信号的极性可以为负(或正)。可选的，发送端的标识可以为UE ID。可选的，可以在发送端的标识为偶数(或奇数)时，插入M2个第一实参考信号。
在参考信号的极性与发送端的端口号有关的情况下，在发送端的端口号为奇数时，第一实参考信号的极性可以为正(或负)，在发送端的端口号为偶数时，第一实参考信号的极性可以为负(或正)。
参考信号的极性与参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值有关的情况可以参见后续实施例。其中参考信号叠加的干扰信号可以包括数据信号，第一虚参考信号(如果有的话)，或虚信号位置上的第二实参考信号(如果有的话)中的一种或多种。
该实施例与实施例一的S803的区别在于，对于接收端来说，接收端对接收到的第二信号进行处理得到的第三信号中，包括数据信号，还可以包括M个参考信号，该M个参考信号用于估计相噪，M个参考信号包括M2个第一实参考信号，M2个第一实参考信号位于第三信号的虚信号位置。
接收端根据已知的参考信号的幅度和估计出来的参考信号的极性，可以估计出相噪。
还以上述为例，考虑到相噪和噪声的影响，在接收端接收到的第二信号中，Q 1所在位置处的信号为Z1’＝(Q 1+INT1)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，Q 2所在位置处的信号为Z2’＝(Q 2+INT2)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，Q 3所在位置处的信号为Z3’＝(Q 3+INT3)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，Q 4所在位置处的信号为Z4’＝(Q 4+INT4)*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，Θ为相噪。
上述参考信号(如Q 1、Q 2、Q 3和Q 4)和干扰信号(如INT1、INT2、INT3和INT4)均为实部信号，则Z1，Z2，Z3和Z4的相位可能为0度或180度。由于相噪会产生相位偏移，因此在S803中接收端可以根据Z1’，Z2’，Z3’和Z4’与0度或180度左右的相位偏差，就可以确定出由于相噪产生的相位偏移，即估计出相噪。由于接收端已知各第一虚参考信号的幅度和估计出来的极性，因此接收端可以估计并去除各第一实参考信号可能带来的干扰。
具体而言，在接收端估计相噪的过程，如图13所示，如果信号的角度所在范围为-90度到90度之间，第一实参考信号叠加干扰信号的极性为正，则信号的角度与0度的偏差即为相噪，如果信号的角度所在的范围为90度到270度之间，第一实参考信号叠加干扰信号的极性为负，则信号的角度与180度的偏差即为相噪。
在该实施例二中，在虚信号位置发送第一实参考信号，所有的第一实参考信号都可以用于估计相噪，因此可以提高相噪估计的性能的准确性，不需要额外的信令开销。
实施例三，第一信号包括第一虚参考信号和第一实参考信号，第一虚参考信号的数量与第一实参考信号的数量之和为偶数，第一虚数据信号位于实信号位置，第一实数据信号位于虚信号位置，即在实信号位置插入第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入第一实参考信号，且插入的第一虚参考信号的数量和插入的第一实参考信号的数量之和为偶数。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号和M2个第一实参考信号，例如M＝2N(即插入偶数个参考信号)，M1＝N，M2＝N，N为正整数。在该实施例中，主要针对该实施例与上述各实施例的区别之处进行说明，相似之处请参见上述各实施例。
例如，图14所示，在实信号位置插入连续的2个第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入连续的2个第一实参考信号，得到第一信号[X 1,Q 1,jQ 2,Q 3,jQ 4,jY 1,…]，X 1为实部数据(即实信号数据)，jY 1为虚部数据(即虚信号数据)。实信号位置存在虚信号位置处的信号干扰，虚信号位置存在实信号位置处的信号干扰。
在发送端的第一信号中，Q 1所在位置处的信号为Z1＝[Q1+F1(实部数据)+j G1(Q2,Q4)]，F1(实部数据)为Q 1所在位置处的实干扰，j G1(Q2,Q4)为Q 1所在位置处的虚干扰；jQ 2所在位置处的信号为Z2＝[F2(Q1,Q3)+j Q2+j G2(虚部数据)]，F2(Q1,Q3)为Q 2所在位置处的实干扰，j G2(虚部数据)为Q 2所在位置处的虚干扰；Q 3所在位置处的信号为Z3＝[Q3+F3(实部数据)+j G3(Q2,Q4)]，F3(实部数据)为Q 3所在位置处的实干扰，j G3(Q2,Q4)为Q 3所在位置处的虚干扰；jQ 4所在位置处的信号为Z4＝[F4(Q1,Q3)+j Q4+j G4(虚部数据)]，F4(Q1,Q3) 为Q 4所在位置处的实干扰，j G4(虚部数据)为Q 4所在位置处的虚干扰。
该实施例与实施例一的S803的区别在于，对于接收端来说，接收端对接收到的第二信号进行处理得到的第三信号中，包括数据信号，还可以包括M个参考信号，该M个参考信号用于估计相噪，M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号和M2个第一实参考信号，M1个第一虚参考信号位于第三信号的实信号位置，M2个第一实参考信号位于第三信号的虚信号位置。
接收端根据已知的参考信号的幅度和估计出来的参考信号的极性，可以估计出相噪。
还以上述为例，考虑到相噪和噪声的影响，在接收端接收到的第二信号中，Q 1所在位置处的信号为Z1’＝[Q1+F1(实部数据)+j G1(Q2,Q4)]*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，jQ 2所在位置处的信号为Z2’＝[F2(Q1,Q3)+j Q2+j G2(虚部数据)]*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，Q 3所在位置处的信号为Z3’＝[Q3+F3(实部数据)+j G3(Q2,Q4)]*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，jQ 4所在位置处的信号为Z4’＝[F4(Q1,Q3)+j Q4+j G4(虚部数据)]*exp(1i*Θ)+噪声，Θ为相噪。
可能的方式一中，参考信号的极性可以与参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值有关。
可能的方式二中，可以设置Q 2和Q 4的极性相同，以及Q 1和Q 3的极性相同，也就是说，尽可能最大化Z1和Z3的虚部干扰信号，尽可能最大化Z2和Z4的实部干扰信号。接收端可以估计出Z1’，Z2’，Z3’和Z4’的幅度，进而确定F(实部数据)的幅度，这时F(实部数据)的极性未知，但由于F(实部数据)的幅度与Q 2和Q 4带来的干扰值比较接近，因此可以根据F(实部数据)的幅度所在的范围确定相噪。
在该方式二中，发送端可以确定参考信号的多个极性集合，极性集合包括M个参考信号(可选)及M个参考信号的极性。发送端可以在参考信号的多个极性集合中，确定每个极性集合的信号值集合，信号值集合包括M个参考信号受到的干扰信号的信号值，如M1个第一虚参考信号受到的干扰信号的第一信号值，和M2个第一实参考信号受到的干扰信号的第二信号值。发送端在每个信号值集合中，选择绝对值最小的信号值。如果选择出绝对值最小的第一信号值，发送端可以确定绝对值最小的第一信号值对应的第一最大值，以及确定该第一最大值所属的信号值集合对应的第一极性集合，然后根据该第一极性集合，确定M个参考信号的极性，如果选择出绝对值最小的第二信号值，发送端可以确定绝对值最小的第二信号值对应的第二最大值，以及确定第二最大值所属的信号值集合对应的第二极性集合，然后根据第二极性集合，确定M个参考信号的极性。在其他可能的实现方式中，信号值集合可以包括M个参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值，或者M个参考信号的信号值等等，在此不做限制。例如Q2和Q4的极性有四种情况，分别为[+1,+1]，[+1,-1]，[-1,+1]和[-1,-1]，这四种极性对应的Q1和Q3处的虚部干扰分别为[-1j,2j]，[-2j,3j]，[-1j,4j]，[-3j,1j]，将Z1和Z3的虚部干扰信号中最小干扰信号幅度值尽可能最大化，作为极性选取的准则，可选取到Q2和Q4的极性为[+1,-1]。如图15所示，如果Z1’或Z3’的角度所在范围为θ2所在范围，则F(实部数据)为正，如果Z2’或Z4’的角度所在范围为θ1所在范围，则F(实部数据)为负，其中F(实部数据)+j G(Q2,Q4)包括F1(实部数据)+j G1(Q2,Q4)，和/或F3(实部数据)+j G3(Q2,Q4)，这样将估计出来的角度所在范围与(F3(实部数据)+j G3(Q2,Q4))的相位的差值即为相噪，可以提高相噪的估计性能，在相噪Θ很小时也适用，可以提高相噪估计的准确性。
在实施例中，在虚信号位置发送第一实参考信号，在实信号位置发送第一虚参考信号， 所有的参考信号可以用于估计相噪，因此可以提高相噪估计的性能和准确性，不需要额外的信令开销。
实施例四，第一信号包括第一虚参考信号和第一实参考信号，第一虚参考信号的数量与第一实参考信号的数量之和为奇数，第一虚数据信号位于实信号位置，第一实数据信号位于虚信号位置，即在实信号位置插入第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入第一实参考信号，且插入的第一虚参考信号的数量和插入的第一实参考信号的数量之和为奇数。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号和M2个第一实参考信号，例如M＝2N+1(即插入奇数个参考信号)，M1＝N或N+1，M2＝N＝1或N。可以在实信号位置插入连续的N或N+1个第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入连续的N+1或N个第一实参考信号。在该实施例中，主要针对该实施例与上述各实施例的区别之处进行说明，相似之处请参见上述各实施例。
例如，图16所示，第一信号为[X 1,Q 1,jQ 2,Q 3,jQ 4,Q 5,X 2,…]，X 1和X 2为实部数据。实信号位置存在虚信号位置处的信号干扰，虚信号位置存在实信号位置处的信号干扰。可选的，实部数据X 1和X 2的极性可以相同或不同。如果有虚部数据，虚部数据的极性可以相同或不同。
一种可能的方式中，参考信号的极性可以与参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号值有关。另一种可能的方式中，可以设置实信号位置处的第一虚参考信号(Q 2和Q 4)的极性相同，虚信号位置处的第一实参考信号(Q 1，Q 3和Q 5)的极性相同。又一种可能的方式中，可以设置参考信号与相邻的数据信号的极性有关。又一种可能的方式中，参考信号的极性可以与发送端的标识或接收端的标识有关。
该实施例中发送端和接收端的处理过程可以参见上述实施例三中发送端和接收端的处理过程。
在实施例中，在虚信号位置发送第一实参考信号，在实信号位置发送第一虚参考信号，所有的参考信号可以用于估计相噪，因此可以提高相噪估计的性能和准确性，不需要额外的信令开销。
实施例五，第一信号包括第一虚参考信号和第二虚参考信号，和/或第一实参考信号和第二实参考信号，且第一虚参考信号(如果有的话)，第二虚参考信号(如果有的话)，第一实参考信号(如果有的话)和第二实参考信号(如果有的话)的数量之和为偶数，即在实信号位置插入第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入第二虚参考信号，和/或在虚参考信号插入第一实参考信号，在实信号位置插入第二虚参考信号。第二虚参考信号可以与第一虚参考信号间隔排布，第二实参考信号可以与第一实参考信号间隔排布。第二虚参考信号和/或第二实参考信号可以作为冗余参考信号进一步降低PAPR。
可选的，第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，第一干扰信号为数据信号(如虚数据信号)对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，第二干扰信号为M3个第二虚参考信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号。第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的和值(或和值的幅度)为预设值(如第三预设值)，和/或，第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的差值(或差值的幅度)为预设值。
可选的，第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，第三干扰信 号为数据信号(如虚数据信号)对第一实参考信号的干扰信号，第四干扰信号为M4个第二实参考信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号。第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的和值(或和值的幅度)为预设值(如第四预设值)，和/或，第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的差值(或差值的幅度)为预设值。其中第三预设值和第四预设值任意，第三预设值和第四预设值可以相同或不同，在此不做限制。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号和M3个第二虚参考信号，和/或M2个第一实参考信号和M4个第二实参考信号，M1(如果有的话)+M2(如果有的话)+M3(如果有的话)+M4(如果有的话)＝2N。M3为大于或等于0的整数，M4为大于或等于0的整数，在该实施例中，主要针对该实施例与上述各实施例的区别之处进行说明，相似之处请参见上述各实施例。
例如，图17所示，在实信号位置插入连续的2个第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入连续的2个第二虚参考信号，得到第一信号[X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jY 2,…]。实信号位置存在虚信号位置处的信号干扰，虚信号位置存在实信号位置处的信号干扰。
在发送端的第一信号中，jQ 2所在位置处的信号为Z2＝j(Q 2+a1*Q 1+a2*Q 3+F2(数据干扰))，jQ 4所在位置处的信号为Z4＝j(Q 4+a1*Q 1+a2*Q 3+F4(数据干扰))，其中Q 1和Q 3为第二虚参考信号(也称冗余参考信号)。发送端可以通过设计冗余参考信号，提高接收端接收到的第一虚参考信号和第一实参考信号的功率(或导频的功率)，提高信噪比，进一步提高相噪的估计性能。其中功率也称能量。
一种可能的方式中，可以通过设置Q 1和Q 3的值，使目标参考信号处的实部信号或虚部信号的能量最大化，或使目标参考信号处的全部信号的幅度值或部分信号的幅度值固定(或大于预设的信号阈值)。其中目标参考信号可以为非冗余参考信号(如jQ 2和jQ 4)，或者非冗余信号叠加干扰信号的信号，或者可以为能量最小的参考信号叠加干扰信号的信号。
另一种可能的方式中，Q 1和Q 3的幅度固定，可以设置冗余参考信号和非冗余参考信号的极性。例如可以设置Q 1，Q 2，Q 3和Q 4的极性相同，可选的Q 1，Q 2，Q 3和Q 4的极性与数据信号的极性相同，这里的数据信号可以为与某个参考信号(可以为冗余参考信号或非冗余参考信号)相邻(前相邻或后相邻)的数据信号。
又一种可能的方式中，可以设置Q 1，Q 2，Q 3和Q 4的幅度和极性，使Z2＝A1，Z4＝A2，A1和A2可以为固定幅度值(或大于预设的幅度值)，即通过设计冗余参考信号使干扰信号的幅度值固定，或者使第二实参考信号/第二虚参考信号的幅度与数据干扰的幅度的和值(或差值)为固定值。第一参考信号(可以为Q1或Q3中的一个)或第二参考信号(可以为Q2或Q4中的一个)的幅度值，例如Q2和Q4的幅度值，可以是基站侧通知的，或者网络侧上报的，或者终端设备与基站设备之间约定的。第一参考信号或第二参考信号的幅度值，也可以根据相对应的接收信号的值确定，例如接收信号的值大于一定的阈值，则第一参考信号或第二参考信号的幅度值为B1，小于该阈值则为B2。第一参考信号或第二参考信号的极性可以根据接收信号的极性确定，例如第一参考信号或第二参考信号的极性与所对应的接收信号的极性相同或者相反。例如Q2和Q4的极性与Z2和Z4的极性相同，可以增加信号的能量，提高信号的接收信噪比。又如Q2和Q4的极性与Z2和Z4的极性，相反可以降低PAPR。
又一种可能的方式中，可以设置Q 1，Q 2，Q 3和Q 4的幅度和极性，使Z2＝A1，Z4＝A2，A1和A2可以为固定值(或大于预设值)，即通过设计冗余参考信号使干扰信号的值固定， 或者使第二实参考信号/第二虚参考信号的值与数据干扰的值的和值(或差值)为固定值。第二实参考信号/第二虚参考信号的值包含第二实参考信号/第二虚参考信号的幅度，极性，实部或虚部中的至少一项。第一参考信号(可以为Q1或Q3中的一个)或第二参考信号(可以为Q2或Q4中的一个)的幅度值，例如Q2和Q4的幅度值，可以是基站侧通知的，或者网络侧上报的，或者终端设备与基站设备之间约定的。第一参考信号或第二参考信号的幅度值，也可以根据相对应的接收信号的值确定，例如接收信号的值大于一定的阈值，则第一参考信号或第二参考信号的幅度值为B1，小于该阈值则为B2。第一参考信号或第二参考信号的极性可以根据接收信号的极性确定，例如第一参考信号或第二参考信号的极性与所对应的接收信号的极性相同或者相反。例如Q2和Q4的极性与Z2和Z4的极性相同，可以增加信号的能量，提高信号的接收信噪比。又如Q2和Q4的极性与Z2和Z4的极性相反，可以降低PAPR。
接收端接收到的Z2’和Z4’的极性可以固定或不固定，可以为正或负。接收端可以已知Z2’和Z4’的极性，或者接收端可以估计Z2’和Z4’的极性。Z2和Z2’的极性可以相同或不同，Z4和Z4’可以相同或不同。Q 2和Q 4与(a1*Q 1+a2*Q 3+F2(数据干扰))和(a1*Q 1+a2*Q 3+F4(数据干扰))的极性可以相同或相反。Q 2和Q 4与Z2和Z4的极性可以相同或相反。该实施例与实施例一的S803的区别在于，发送端一种可能的处理过程如下：冗余参考信号带来的干扰信号与数据信号带来的干扰信号的信号值之和的极性可以为正或负，例如a1*Q 1+a2*Q 3+F2(数据干扰)的值可以为-IA1或者为+IA1，a1*Q 1+a2*Q 3+F4(数据干扰)的值可以为-IA2或者为+IA2，对于[-IA1,-IA2]得到的Q 1和Q 3为[1,3]，[IA1,-IA2]得到的Q 1和Q 3为[1,2.5]，[-IA1,IA2]得到的Q 1和Q 3为[-1,3]，[IA1,IA2]得到的Q 1和Q 3为[4,1]，以Q 1和Q 3的幅度中最大值的最小化为目标，确定Q 1和Q 3的幅度中最大值为4，该最大值的最小化的值为1，可以在[1,3]和[1,2.5]中选择最小的一组幅度即[1,2.5]。
又一种可能的方式中，参考信号的极性与给该参考信号带来干扰的部分数据信号(或部分参考信号)的极性相反。如图18中的(a)所示，Q 2相邻的两个实数据信号给Q 2带来干扰，可以设置该两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反，由于D和-D处的滤波器系数为相同的幅度，因此在Q 2处的干扰可以相互抵消，降低Q 2处的干扰，其中两个实数据信号的其中一个实数据信号可以为冗余信号。在图18中的(b)中，Q 2相邻的两个虚数据信号给Q 2带来干扰，可以设置该两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反，由于jD和-jD处的滤波器系数为相同的幅度，因此在Q 2处的干扰可以相互抵消，降低Q 2处的干扰，其中两个虚数据信号的其中一个虚数据信号可以为冗余信号。相似的，对于多个参考信号来说，给Q 2带来干扰的实数据信号为两个以上时，如图18中的(c)所示，Q 2相邻的两个实数据信号给Q 2带来干扰，Q 4相邻的两个实数据信号给Q 4带来干扰，可以设置相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反，这样D和-D在Q 2和Q 4处的干扰可以相互抵消，其中三个实数据信号的其中一个或两个实数据信号可以为冗余信号。如图18中的(d)所示，Q 2相邻的两个虚数据信号给Q 2带来干扰，Q 4相邻的两个虚数据信号给Q 4带来干扰，可以设置相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反，这样jD和-jD在Q 2和Q 4处的干扰可以相互抵消，其中三个虚数据信号的其中一个或两个虚数据信号可以为冗余信号。这里Q 2和Q 4的幅度和极性可以是网络设备配置的，或者可以是终端设备上报的，或者可以是协议规定的。Q 2和Q 4的极性可以与接收信号的极性相同。
在这种情况下，通过设计导频排布方案，可以实现参考信号处的能量。其中不同的导频数量可以对应不同的导频排布方案。
如图19为提供的可能的导频数目为2时的虚数导频排布方案，图19中的(a)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jY 2,X 2,…]，如图19中的(b)的第一信号为[X 1,jY 1,jQ 2,jQ 1,jQ 4,jQ 3,X 2,jY 2,…]，如图19中的(c)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jY 2,jQ 4,jQ 3,X 2,jY 3,…]，如图19中的(d)的第一信号为[jY 1,jQ 2,jQ 1,X 1,jY 2,jQ 4,jQ 3,X 2,jY 3,…]。
如图20为提供的可能的导频数目为4时的虚数导频排布方案，图20中的(a)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jQ 5,jQ 6,jQ 7,jQ 8,jY 2,…]，如图20中的(b)的第一信号为[X 1,jY 1,jQ 2,jQ 1,jQ 4,jQ 3,jQ 6,jQ 5,jQ 8,jQ 7,…]。
可以理解，图19或图20提供虚数导频排布方案也适用实数导频排布方案，实数导频排布方案可选的与虚数导频排布方案相反。
在该实施例中，在虚信号位置发送实参考信号，同时在实信号位置发送虚参考信号，所有的参考信号可以用于估计相噪，提高相噪估计的性能和准确性，不需要额外的信令开销，可以提高参考信号的能量。以及在实信号位置插入虚数导频，保证实部导频位置的虚部导频处最小的信号能量最大化，在虚信号位置插入实数导频，保证虚部导频位置的实部导频处最小的能量最大化，可以提高参考信号处的能量，提高相噪的估计性能的准确性。
实施例六，第一信号包括第一虚参考信号和第二虚参考信号，和/或第一实参考信号和第二实参考信号，且第一虚参考信号(如果有的话)，第二虚参考信号(如果有的话)，第一实参考信号(如果有的话)和第二实参考信号(如果有的话)的数量之和为奇数，即在实信号位置插入第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入第二虚参考信号，和/或在虚参考信号插入第一实参考信号，在实信号位置插入第二虚参考信号。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，M个参考信号包括M1个第一虚参考信号和M3个第二虚参考信号，和/或M2个第一实参考信号和M4个第二实参考信号，M1(如果有的话)+M2(如果有的话)+M3(如果有的话)+M4(如果有的话)＝2N+1。可以在实信号位置插入连续的N或N+1个第一虚参考信号和第二实参考信号(如果有的话)，在虚信号位置插入连续的N+1或N个第一实参考信号和第二虚参考信号(如果有的话)。在该实施例中，主要针对该实施例与上述各实施例的区别之处进行说明，相似之处请参见上述各实施例。
例如，图21所示，在实信号位置插入连续的2个第一虚参考信号，在虚信号位置插入连续的3个第二虚参考信号，得到第一信号[jY 1,X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jQ 5,X 2,jY 2,…]，X 1和X 2为实部数据，jY 1和jY 2为虚部数据。实信号位置存在虚信号位置处的信号干扰，虚信号位置存在实信号位置处的信号干扰。
该实施例中发送端和接收端的处理过程可以参见上述实施例五中发送端和接收端的处理过程。
在这种情况下，通过设计导频排布方案，可以实现参考信号处的能量。其中不同的导频数量可以对应不同的导频排布方案。
如图22为提供的可能的导频数目为2时的虚数导频排布方案，图22中的(a)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jQ 5,X 2,jY 2,…]，图22中的(b)的第一信号为[jY 1,jQ 2,jQ 1,X 1,jQ 3,jQ 4,jQ 5,X 2,jY 2,…]，图22中的(c)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,X 2,jQ 5,jQ 4, jY 2,…]，图22中的(d)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jY 2,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jQ 5jY 3,…]，图22中的(e)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jQ 2,jQ 1,jQ 4,jQ 3,jY 2,jQ 5,jY 3,…]，图22中的(f)的第一信号为[jQ 1,X 1,jQ 3,jQ 2,jY 1,jQ 4,jQ 5,X 2,jY 2,…]。
如图23为提供的可能的导频数目为4时的虚数导频排布方案，图23中的(a)的第一信号为[jY 1,X 1,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jQ 5,jQ 6,jQ 7,jQ 8,jQ 9,X 2,jY 2,…]，图23中的(b)的第一信号为[X 1,jY 1,jQ 0,jQ 1,jQ 2,jQ 3,jQ 4,jQ 5,jQ 6,jQ 7,jQ 8,jY 2,X 2,…]。
可以理解，图22或图23提供虚数导频排布方案也适用实数导频排布方案，实数导频排布方案可选的与虚数导频排布方案相反。
在该实施例中，在虚信号位置发送实参考信号，同时在实信号位置发送虚参考信号，所有的参考信号可以用于估计相噪，提高相噪估计的性能和准确性，不需要额外的信令开销，可以提高参考信号的能量。以及在实信号位置插入虚数导频，保证实部导频位置的虚部导频处最小的信号能量最大化，在虚信号位置插入实数导频，保证虚部导频位置的实部导频处最小的能量最大化，可以提高参考信号处的能量，提高相噪的估计性能的准确性。
实施例七，适用于多用户的场景，在该场景中可以插入偶数个参数信号(如上述实施例三和五)，或者可以插入奇数个参数信号(如上述实施例四和六)。可以理解，该实施例七与上述各实施例之间可以结合使用，或者可以单独使用。
在该实施例中以插入偶数个参考信号进行说明，插入奇数个参考信号与插入偶数个参考信号的处理过程相似，在该实施例中不做赘述。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，发送端针对不同的用户，进行相同的处理，使得不同用户的参考信号可以设置在相同的虚信号位置或实信号位置。例如图17所示，在虚信号位置插入第一实参考信号，在实信号位置插入第二实参考信号，得到第一信号，其中第二实参考信号用于保证第一实参考信号的幅度固定，不对第一实参考信号产生干扰，并且可以提高第一实参考信号的能量，进一步提高相噪估计性能和准确性。
该实施例与实施例一的S803的区别在于，考虑到相噪和噪声的影响，在用户1接收到的第二信号中，Q 2所在位置处的信号为Z12＝j(Q 12+a1*Q 11+a1*Q 13+其它)*exp(1i*Θ1)+噪声，Q 4所在位置处的信号为Z14＝j(Q 14+a1*Q 13+a1*Q 12+其它)*exp(1i*Θ1)+噪声，在用户2接收到的第二信号中，Q 2所在位置处的信号为Z22＝j(Q 22+a1*Q 21+a1*Q 23+其它)*exp(1i*Θ2)+噪声，Q 4所在位置处的信号为Z24＝j(Q 24+a1*Q 23+a1*Q 22+其它)*exp(1i*Θ2)+噪声。
如果Q 12+a1*Q 11+a1*Q 13+其它＝A1，Q 14+a1*Q 13+a1*Q 12+其它＝A1，Q 22+a1*Q 21+a1*Q 23+其它＝A2，Q 24+a1*Q 23+a1*Q 22+其它＝-A2。其中A1和A2的值可以由网络设备配置或终端设备上报或协议规定等，A1和A2的值(包含幅度值和极性值)可以相同(例如A1＝A2＝A)。A1和A2的极性可以已知也可以未知，A1和A2的极性值可以相反，可以由网络设备配置或终端设备上报或协议规定，或者也可以根据接收信号的极性推导得到。A1和A2的值可以大于预设的阈值，该阈值可以由网络设备配置或终端设备上报或协议规定，该阈值可以与调制模式或调制编码策略有关。
Q 12和Q 14的值可以相同(例如Q 12＝Q 14＝B1)或不同，极性可以与A1相同或不同。Q 22和Q 24的值可以相同(例如Q 22＝Q 24＝B2)或不同，极性可以与A2相同或不同。B1和B2的极性可以为正或负。B1和A1的值可以与用户1的设备标识，端口号或小区标识号 有关，网络设备或终端设备可以根据用户1的设备标识，端口号或小区标识号生成序列，根据序列的值确定B1或A1。B2和A2的值可以与用户2的设备标识，端口号或小区标识号有关,网络设备或终端设备可以根据用户2的设备标识，端口号或小区标识号生成序列，根据序列的值确定B2或A2。可选的，用户1对应的序列和用户对应的序列正交。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，发送端针对不同的用户，进行不同的处理，使得不同用户的参考信号可以设置在不同的虚信号位置或实信号位置。例如图24所示，用户1的参考信号包括第一虚参考信号(如jQ 1、jQ 2、jQ 3和jQ 4)，放置在实信号位置，如图24所示，用户2的参考信号包括第一实参考信号(如Q 1、Q 2、Q 3和Q 4)，放置在虚信号位置。第一虚参考信号和第一实参考信号的极性可以参见上述实施例，此处不做赘述。
该实施例与实施例一的S801的区别在于，发送端针对不同的用户，进行不同的处理，使得不同用户的参考信号可以分别设置为虚参考信号或实参考信号，虚参考信号可以设置在虚信号位置和实信号位置，实参考信号可以设置在虚信号位置和实信号位置。例如图25所示，用户1的参考信号包括第一虚参考信号(如jQ 2和jQ 4)和第二虚参考信号(如jQ 1和jQ 3)，第一虚参考信号设置在实信号位置，第二虚参考信号设置在虚信号位置，如图25所示，用户2的参考信号包括第一实参考信号(如Q 2和Q 4)和第二实参考信号(如Q 1和Q 3)，第一实参考信号设置在虚信号位置，第二实参考信号设置在实信号位置。用户1和用户2的参考信号放置的信号位置可以相同或不同，用户1和用户2的参考信号放置的信号位置可以根据用户的设备标识确定，或者可以由网络设备分配。
用户1的参考信号可以为奇数，可以为偶数，用户2的参考信号可以为奇数，可以为偶数。
示例的，当用户1和用户2的参考信号均为偶数时，用户1有2N个参考信号，其中N个第一虚参考信号放置在实信号位置，N个第二虚参考信号放置在虚信号位置，用户2有2N个参考信号，其中N个第一实参考信号放置在虚信号位置，N个第二实参考信号放置在实信号位置。还以图25为例，用户1的Q 1和Q 3为冗余参考信号，图25中用户2的Q 2和Q 4为冗余参考信号。
另一示例的，当用户1和用户2的参考信号均为奇数时，用户1有2N+1个参考信号，其中N个第一虚参考信号放置在实信号位置，N+1个第二虚参考信号放置在虚信号位置，用户2有2N+1个参考信号，其中N个第一实参考信号放置在虚信号位置，N+1个第二实参考信号放置在实信号位置。用户1和用户2的部分参考信号所在的位置相同，例如2N个参考信号的位置相同。
又一示例的，当用户1的参考信号为奇数，用户2的参考信号为偶数时，用户1有2N+1个参考信号，其中N个第一虚参考信号放置在实信号位置，N+1个第二虚参考信号放置在虚信号位置，用户2有2N个参考信号，其中N个第一实参考信号放置在虚信号位置，N个第二实参考信号放置在实信号位置。用户1和用户2的部分参考信号所在的位置相同，例如2N个参考信号的位置相同。
又一示例的，当用户1的参数信号为偶数，用户2的参考信号为奇数时，用户1有2N个参考信号，其中N个第一虚参考信号放置在实信号位置，N个第二虚参考信号放置在虚信号位置，用户2有2N+1个参考信号，其中N个第一实参考信号放置在虚信号位置，N+1 个第二实参考信号放置在实信号位置。用户1和用户2的部分参考信号所在的位置相同，例如2N个参考信号的位置相同。
该实施例支持多端口多用户传输，可以提高信号发送效率，并且可以提高相噪估计的性能的准确性。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
可以理解的是，以上各个实施例中，由发送端实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于发送端的部件(例如芯片或者电路)实现，由接收端实现的方法和/或步骤，也可以由可用于接收端的部件实现。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从发送端和接收端之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，发送端和接收端可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
下面结合附图介绍本申请实施例中用来实现上述方法的通信装置。因此，上文中的内容均可以用于后续实施例中，重复的内容不再赘述。
[根据细则91更正 21.06.2022]　
图26为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的一种可能的表现形式，该通信装置2600可用于实现上述方法实施例中由发送端或接收端实现的功能或者步骤。该通信装置可以包括处理单元2601和收发单元2602。可选的，还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以用于存储指令(代码或者程序)和/或数据。处理单元2601和收发单元2602可以与该存储单元耦合，例如，处理单元2601可以读取存储单元中的指令(代码或者程序)和/或数据，以实现相应的方法。上述各个单元可以独立设置，也可以部分或者全部集成。
在一些可能的实施方式中，通信装置2600能够对应实现上述方法实施例中发送端的行为和功能。例如，处理单元2601，用于获取第一信号；
收发单元2602，用于发送第一信号；
第一信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，M个参考信号包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，M为大于0的整数，M1为大于或等于0的整数，M2为大于或等于0的整数；
M1个第一虚参考信号位于第一信号的实信号位置；
M2个第一实参考信号位于第一信号的虚信号位置。
如果通信装置2600生成第一信号，处理单元2601在获取第一信号时，具体用于生成第一信号。
如果其他通信装置生成第一信号，通信装置2600从其他通信装置中获取第一信号，处理单元2601在获取第一信号时，具体用于通过收发单元2602接收第一信号，即收发单元2602，还用于接收其他通信装置生成并发送的第一信号。通常情况下，该其他通信装置与接收端不同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值；M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。
在一些可能的实施方式中，参考信号的极性与参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同；第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，参考信号的极性由接收第一信号的设备的标识确定，或者由通信装置2600的标识确定。
在一些可能的实施方式中，数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，实数据信号位于实信号位置，虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反；M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、M4个第二实参考信号，M3为大于或等于0的整数，M4为大于或等于0的整数。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第二虚参考信号与第一虚参考信号间隔排布；第二实参考信号与第一实参考信号间隔排布。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第三预设值，第一干扰信号为数据信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，第二干扰信号为M3个第二虚参考信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号；第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第四预设值，第三干扰信号为数据信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号，第四干扰信号为M4个第二实参考信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
在一些可能的实施方式中，通信装置2600能够对应实现上述方法实施例中接收端的行为和功能。例如，收发单元2602，用于获取第二信号；
处理单元2601，用于对第二信号进行处理，得到第三信号；
第三信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，M个参考信号包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，M为大于0的整数，M1为大于或等于0的整数，M2为大于或等于0的整数；
M1个第一虚参考信号位于第三信号的实信号位置；
M2个第一实参考信号位于第三信号的虚信号位置。
在一些可能的实施方式中，M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值；M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。
在一些可能的实施方式中，参考信号的极性与参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同；第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同。
在一些可能的实施方式中，参考信号的极性由通信装置2600的标识确定，或者由发送第三信号的设备的标识确定。
在一些可能的实施方式中，数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，实数据信号位于实信号位置，虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反；M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第三信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、 M4个第二实参考信号，M3为大于或等于0的整数，M4为大于或等于0的整数。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第二虚参考信号与第一虚参考信号间隔排布；第二实参考信号与第一实参考信号间隔排布。
在一些可能的实施方式中，第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，第一干扰信号的值与第二干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第三预设值，第一干扰信号为数据信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，第二干扰信号为M3个第二虚参考信号对第一虚参考信号的干扰信号；第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，第三干扰信号的值与第四干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第四预设值，第三干扰信号为数据信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号，第四干扰信号为M4个第二实参考信号对第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，该集成的单元可以作为计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。
[根据细则91更正 21.06.2022]　
应理解，本申请实施例中的处理单元可以由处理器/处理电路或处理器/处理电路相关电路组件实现，收发单元可以由收发器/收发接口或收发器/收发接口相关电路组件或者通信接口实现。
如图27所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置2700的结构示意图。装置2700可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
装置2700包括一个或多个处理器2701。处理器2701可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器、或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、终端、或芯片等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。通信装置可以包括收发单元，用以实现信号的输入(接收)和输出(发送)。例如，收发单元可以为收发器，射频芯片等。
装置2700包括一个或多个处理器2701，一个或多个处理器2701可实现上述所示的实施例中的方法。
可选的，处理器2701除了实现上述所示的实施例的方法，还可以实现其他功能。
可选的，一种设计中，处理器2701可以执行指令，使得装置2700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令可以全部或部分存储在处理器内，如指令2703，也可以全部或部分存储在与处理器耦合的存储器2702中，如指令2704，也可以通过指令2703和2704共同使得装置2700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令2703也称为计算机程序。
在又一种可能的设计中，通信装置2700也可以包括电路，电路可以实现前述方法实施例中的功能。
在又一种可能的设计中装置2700中可以包括一个或多个存储器2702，其上存有指令 2704，指令可在处理器上被运行，使得装置2700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，存储器中还可以存储有数据。可选的处理器中也可以存储指令和/或数据。例如，一个或多个存储器2702可以存储上述实施例中所描述的对应关系，或者上述实施例中所涉及的相关的参数或表格等。处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
在又一种可能的设计中，装置2700还可以包括收发器2705以及天线2706。处理器2701可以称为处理单元，对装置(终端或者基站)进行控制。收发器2705可以称为收发机、收发电路、或者收发单元等，用于通过天线2706实现装置的收发功能。
应注意，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现上述方法实施例描述的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述方法实施例描述的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，通信系统包括发送端和接收端。发送端可以实现上述方法实施例描述的方法，接收端可以实现上述方法实施例描述的方法。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照 本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，SSD)等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和接口；处理器，用于执行上述方法实施例描述的方法。
应理解，上述处理装置可以是一个芯片，处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，改存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于处理器之外，独立存在。
在一种可能的设计中，当上述通信装置是芯片，如发送端中的芯片时，或者，如接收端中的芯片时，处理单元2601或者处理器2701可以是一个或多个逻辑电路，收发单元2602或者收发器2705可以是输入输出接口，又或者称为通信接口，或者接口电路，或接口等等。或者收发器2705还可以是发送单元和接收单元，发送单元可以是输出接口，接收单元可以是输入接口，该发送单元和接收单元集成于一个单元，例如输入输出接口。如图28所示，图28所示的通信装置包括逻辑电路2801和输入输出接口2802。即上述处理单元2601或者处理器2701可以用逻辑电路2801实现，收发单元2602或者收发器2705可以用输入输出接口2802实现。其中，该逻辑电路2801可以为芯片、处理电路、集成电路或片上系统(system on chip，SoC)芯片等，输入输出接口2802可以为通信接口、输入输出接口等。本申请实施例中，逻辑电路和输入输出接口还可以相互耦合。对于逻辑电路和输入输出接口的具体连接方式，本申请实施例不作限定。
在本申请的一些实施例中，该逻辑电路和输入输出接口可用于执行上述发送端或接收端执行的功能或操作等。
示例性地，逻辑电路2801用于获取第一信号。
输入输出接口2802用于发送第一信号。
发送端或接收端执行的功能或操作可以参照前述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通 过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本申请可以用硬件实现，或固件实现，或它们的组合方式来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将上述功能存储在计算机可读介质中或作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
总之，以上仅为本申请技术方案的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种信号传输的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    发送端获取第一信号；
    所述发送端发送所述第一信号；
    所述第一信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，所述M个参考信号包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，所述M为大于0的整数，所述M1为大于或等于0的整数，所述M2为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号位于所述第一信号的实信号位置；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号位于所述第一信号的虚信号位置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述参考信号的极性与所述参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同；
    所述第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述参考信号的极性由接收所述第一信号的设备的标识确定，或者由所述发送端的标识确定。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，所述实数据信号位于实信号位置，所述虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、M4个第二实参考信号，所述M3为大于或等于0的整数，所述M4为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，所述第一干扰信号的值与所述第二干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第三预设值，所述第一干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，所述第二干扰信号为所述M3个第二虚参考信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号；
    所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，所述第三干扰信号的值与所述第四干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第四预设值，所述第三干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号，所述第四干扰信号为所述M4个第二实参考信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二虚参考信号与所述第一虚参考信号间隔排布；
    所述第二实参考信号与所述第一实参考信号间隔排布。
  9. 一种信号传输的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收端获取第二信号；
    所述接收端对所述第二信号进行处理，得到第三信号；
    所述第三信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，所述M个参考信号包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，所述M为大于0的整数，所述M1为大于或等于0的整数，所述M2为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号位于所述第三信号的实信号位置；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号位于所述第三信号的虚信号位置。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述参考信号的极性与所述参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同。
  12. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同；
    所述第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同。
  13. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述参考信号的极性由所述接收端的标识确定，或者由发送所述第三信号的设备的标识确定。
  14. 如权利要求9-13任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，所述实数据信号位于实信号位置，所述虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
  15. 如权利要求9-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、M4个第二实参考信号，所述M3为大于或等于0的整数，所述M4为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，所述第一干扰信号的值与所述第二干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第三预设值，所述第一干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，所述第二干扰信号为所述M3个第二虚参考信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号；
    所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，所述第三干扰信号的值与所述第四干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第四预设值，所述第三干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号，所述第四干扰信号为所述M4个第二实参考信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二虚参考信号与所述第一虚参考信号间隔排布；
    所述第二实参考信号与所述第一实参考信号间隔排布。
  17. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于获取第一信号；
    收发单元，用于发送所述第一信号；
    所述第一信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，所述M个参考信号包括以下至少一种： M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，所述M为大于0的整数，所述M1为大于或等于0的整数，所述M2为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号位于所述第一信号的实信号位置；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号位于所述第一信号的虚信号位置。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。
  19. 如权利要求17或18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述参考信号的极性与所述参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同。
  20. 如权利要求17或18所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同；
    所述第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同。
  21. 如权利要求17或18所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述参考信号的极性由接收所述第一信号的设备的标识确定，或者由所述通信装置的标识确定。
  22. 如权利要求17-21任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，所述实数据信号位于实信号位置，所述虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
  23. 如权利要求17-22任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、M4个第二实参考信号，所述M3为大于或等于0的整数，所述M4为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，所述第一干扰信号的值与所述第二干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第三预设值，所述第一干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，所述第二干扰信号为所述M3个第二虚参考信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号；
    所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，所述第三干扰信号的值与所述第四干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第四预设值，所述第三干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号，所述第四干扰信号为所述M4个第二实参考信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二虚参考信号与所述第一虚参考信号间隔排布；
    所述第二实参考信号与所述第一实参考信号间隔排布。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于获取第二信号；
    处理单元，用于对所述第二信号进行处理，得到第三信号；
    所述第三信号包含数据信号和M个参考信号，所述M个参考信号包括以下至少一种：M1个第一虚参考信号、M2个第一实参考信号，其中M＝M1+M2，所述M为大于0的整数，所述M1为大于或等于0的整数，所述M2为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号位于所述第三信号的实信号位置；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号位于所述第三信号的虚信号位置。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述M1个第一虚参考信号的幅度为第一预设值；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号的幅度为第二预设值。
  27. 如权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述参考信号的极性与所述参考信号受到的干扰信号的极性相同。
  28. 如权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一虚参考信号的极性与相邻的第一虚参考信号的极性相同；
    所述第一实参考信号的极性与相邻的第一实参考信号的极性相同。
  29. 如权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述参考信号的极性由所述通信装置的标识确定，或者由发送所述第三信号的设备的标识确定。
  30. 如权利要求25-29任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述数据信号包括实数据信号和虚数据信号，所述实数据信号位于实信号位置，所述虚数据信号位于虚信号位置；
    所述M1个第一虚参考信号相邻的两个虚数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反；
    所述M2个第一实参考信号相邻的两个实数据信号的幅度相同，极性相反。
  31. 如权利要求25-30任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第三信号还包含以下至少一种：M3个第二虚参考信号、M4个第二实参考信号，所述M3为大于或等于0的整数，所述M4为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号包括第一干扰信号和第二干扰信号，所述第一干扰信号的值与所述第二干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第三预设值，所述第一干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号，所述第二干扰信号为所述M3个第二虚参考信号对所述第一虚参考信号的干扰信号；
    所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号包括第三干扰信号和第四干扰信号，所述第三干扰信号的值与所述第四干扰信号的值的和值或和值的幅度为第四预设值，所述第三干扰信号为所述数据信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号，所述第四干扰信号为所述M4个第二实参考信号对所述第一实参考信号的干扰信号。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二虚参考信号与所述第一虚参考信号间隔排布；
    所述第二实参考信号与所述第一实参考信号间隔排布。
  33. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器与所述存储器耦合；
    存储器存储有计算机程序；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求9-16中任一项所述的方法。
  34. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括逻辑电路和输入输出接口；
    所述输入输出接口，用于与所述通信装置之外的模块通信；
    所述逻辑电路用于执行计算机程序，以使所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，或以使所述通信装置执行如权利要求9-16中任一项所述的方法。
  35. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法被执行，或者使得如权利要求9-16中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  36. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法被执行，或者使得如权利要求9-16中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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