WO2023004777A1 - 电池的箱体、电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池的箱体、电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023004777A1
WO2023004777A1 PCT/CN2021/109700 CN2021109700W WO2023004777A1 WO 2023004777 A1 WO2023004777 A1 WO 2023004777A1 CN 2021109700 W CN2021109700 W CN 2021109700W WO 2023004777 A1 WO2023004777 A1 WO 2023004777A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
box
pressure balance
battery
pressure
box body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/109700
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾智敏
杨海奇
唐彧
黄小腾
王鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202180006301.3A priority Critical patent/CN115917856A/zh
Priority to KR1020237005077A priority patent/KR102848029B1/ko
Priority to EP21951367.8A priority patent/EP4181300A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/109700 priority patent/WO2023004777A1/zh
Priority to JP2023512185A priority patent/JP7581488B2/ja
Publication of WO2023004777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023004777A1/zh
Priority to US18/356,237 priority patent/US20230369714A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/0486—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with mechanical actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • F16K31/086—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet the magnet being movable and actuating a second magnet connected to the closing element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery box, a battery, an electrical device, a method and a device for preparing a battery.
  • the present application provides a battery box, a battery, electrical equipment, a method and equipment for preparing the battery, which can enhance the safety of the battery.
  • a battery box is provided, the box is provided with at least two pressure balance mechanisms, the pressure balance mechanisms are used to balance the pressure inside and outside the box, and the at least two pressure balance mechanisms
  • the mechanism connects the ventilation assembly on the outside of the box; wherein, the first ventilation assembly connected to the first pressure balance mechanism in the at least two pressure balance mechanisms is used to open the first pressure balance mechanism to supply air to the box. Gas is input into the body, and the second ventilation assembly connected to the second pressure balance mechanism of the at least two pressure balance mechanisms is used to open the second pressure balance mechanism to discharge the gas in the box.
  • the ventilation component by setting the ventilation component at the balance pressure mechanism of the box, the gas in the box can be actively circulated, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box can be discharged to the outside of the box in time, avoiding air pollution in the box. Condensate is generated inside the body, which can enhance the safety of the battery.
  • the ventilation component is arranged on the pressure balance mechanism, which can be installed based on the existing structure, and the assembly is convenient and fast.
  • the first ventilation assembly is used to connect to the air outlet of the air conditioner
  • the second ventilation assembly is used to connect to the air inlet of the air conditioner, so that the gas in the box enters the air conditioner.
  • the air circulation of the air conditioner is described.
  • the air conditioner in the car is used to circulate the gas inside the case without using additional components.
  • the first pressure balance mechanism and the second pressure balance mechanism are respectively arranged on two opposite walls of the box body.
  • the gas in the box can be fully circulated, and the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box can be discharged out of the box, thereby avoiding condensation
  • the generation of the battery enhances the safety performance of the battery.
  • the ventilation assembly includes: a magnet, used to absorb the valve plate of the pressure balance mechanism; a driving mechanism, connected to the magnet, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the magnet to move away from The direction of the box is moved, so that the magnet attracts the valve plate of the pressure balance mechanism in the direction away from the box to open the pressure balance mechanism; the air flow channel, the air flow channel is in the pressure balance When the mechanism is opened, it communicates with the inside of the box body.
  • the gas in the box can be actively circulated, and the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box can be discharged out of the box, thereby avoiding the generation of condensate and strengthening the battery life. safety performance.
  • the driving mechanism is a rotating driving mechanism, and when the driving mechanism rotates in the first direction, the driving mechanism drives the magnet to move away from the box body, and the driving mechanism When the mechanism rotates in the second direction, the driving mechanism drives the magnet to move in a direction close to the box.
  • the ventilation assembly further includes: a fixing structure, configured to be connected to or disconnected from the pressure balance mechanism along a direction parallel to the valve plate of the pressure balance mechanism.
  • the fixing structure is connected to or separated from the pressure balance mechanism in a direction parallel to the valve plate, so that the valve plate will not be adsorbed during the connection or disconnection process, and at the same time, it is convenient for installation and disassembly.
  • the pressure balance mechanism is provided with a groove corresponding to the fixing structure, and the fixing structure snaps into the groove along a direction parallel to the valve plate of the pressure balance mechanism to connect the pressure balance mechanism.
  • the pressure balance mechanism cooperates with the fixed structure of the ventilation assembly to fix the ventilation assembly, which can be installed and disassembled based on the existing structure, which is more convenient and quicker.
  • the fixing structure is a hollow semi-cylindrical shape adapted to the pressure balance mechanism, so as to snap into the groove in a direction parallel to the valve plate of the pressure balance mechanism .
  • the hollow semi-cylindrical structure in the embodiment of the present application facilitates the installation and disassembly of the ventilation assembly.
  • the driving mechanism moves relative to the fixed structure to drive the magnet to move away from the box to open the The pressure balancing mechanism described above.
  • the above-mentioned driving mechanism drives the magnet to move away from the box, so that the pressure balance mechanism can be opened to actively circulate the gas in the box pair, thereby avoiding the generation of condensate and enhancing the safety performance of the battery.
  • the pressure balancing mechanism is a pressure relief mechanism, and when the pressure relief mechanism is not connected to the ventilation assembly, it is used to activate when the internal pressure of the tank reaches a threshold to release all the internal pressure.
  • the pressure relief mechanism in the embodiment of the present application can actively circulate the gas in the box when the ventilation component is connected, and discharge the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box out of the box, avoiding the generation of condensate; When the components are removed, the original pressure relief function can be restored to ensure the safety performance of the battery.
  • a battery including: a battery cell; and the case of the first aspect, wherein the battery cell is accommodated in the case.
  • an electric device including: the battery in the second aspect, where the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the electric device further includes an air conditioner, an air outlet of the air conditioner is connected to the first ventilation assembly, and an air inlet of the air conditioner is connected to the second ventilation assembly.
  • a method for preparing a battery comprising: providing a battery cell; providing a box body, the box body is provided with at least two pressure balance mechanisms, and the pressure balance mechanism is used to balance the box body Internal and external pressure, the at least two pressure balance mechanisms are connected to the ventilation assembly outside the box; the battery cells are accommodated in the box; wherein, the first pressure of the at least two pressure balance mechanisms The first ventilation assembly connected to the balance mechanism is used to open the first pressure balance mechanism to input gas into the box, and the second ventilation assembly connected to the second pressure balance mechanism of the at least two pressure balance mechanisms is used to To open the second pressure balance mechanism to discharge the gas in the box.
  • a fifth aspect provides a device for preparing a battery, including a module for performing the method of the fourth aspect above.
  • the ventilation component by setting the ventilation component at the balance pressure mechanism of the box, the gas in the box can be actively circulated, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box can be discharged to the outside of the box in time, avoiding Condensate is generated inside the box, which can enhance the safety of the battery.
  • the ventilation component is set on the pressure balance mechanism, which can be installed based on the existing structure, and the assembly is convenient and fast.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the vehicle of an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a top view corresponding to the battery case in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view corresponding to the battery box in Fig. 6 along A-A;
  • Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a pressure balance mechanism applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a partial detailed view corresponding to position C in Figure 7;
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an airflow path inside a box in an implementation example of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a device for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • batteries mentioned in this application may include battery packs and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative plates.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the current collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein the multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel, and the hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connections.
  • a plurality of battery cells can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery. That is to say, multiple battery cells can directly form a battery, or form a battery module first, and then form a battery from the battery module.
  • the battery is further arranged in the electric device to provide electric energy for the electric device.
  • a cooling system can be provided in the battery.
  • the cooling system is used to accommodate the cooling medium to lower the temperature of the battery cells.
  • the cooling system can also be called a cooling component or a cooling plate, etc.
  • the cooling medium can also be called a cooling fluid, and more specifically, it can be called a cooling liquid or a cooling gas.
  • the cooling fluid is circulated for better temperature regulation.
  • the cooling medium may be water, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, or air.
  • the cooling system can also be called a water-cooled plate.
  • the cooling system cools the battery cells in the box, it is also easy to generate condensate in the battery box, causing potential safety hazards and affecting the safety of the battery. Specifically, when the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the battery encounters the cooling system in the battery box, condensate will be generated. If the condensate drips onto the electrical connection area in the battery, it may affect the safety of the battery.
  • the present application provides a technical solution.
  • a ventilation component at the balance pressure mechanism of the box, the gas in the box can be actively circulated, so that the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box can be discharged to the bottom of the box in time. Externally, condensate is avoided inside the box, thereby enhancing the safety of the battery.
  • the ventilation component is set on the pressure balance mechanism, which can be installed based on the existing structure, and the assembly is convenient and fast.
  • the pressure balance mechanism provided on the above-mentioned battery box can be used to balance the pressure inside and outside the box. For example, when the pressure inside the box is higher than outside the box, the gas inside the box can flow out of the box through the pressure balance mechanism; when the pressure inside the box is lower than outside the box, the gas outside the box can flow through the pressure balance mechanism.
  • the balancing mechanism flows into the interior of the box.
  • the pressure balancing mechanism may be a pressure relief mechanism of the tank, and the pressure relief mechanism is used to activate to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the tank reaches a threshold value.
  • the pressure balance mechanism in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as an explosion-proof valve or a balance valve of the tank, which is not limited in the present application.
  • the battery in addition to the above-mentioned battery cells and cooling components, it may also include a confluence component and other components of the battery.
  • a structure for fixing the battery cells may also be provided in the case.
  • the shape of the box can be determined according to the number of battery cells to be accommodated.
  • the box may be square, with six walls.
  • the bottom wall and the top wall of the box can be integrated with cooling components to cool the battery cells at the bottom and top of the box respectively.
  • a beam is arranged on the side wall of the box, and the beam includes multiple sub-walls, and the multiple sub-walls form a hollow beam structure, that is, the beam has a cavity inside.
  • a cooling component may also be provided in the middle of the box to further enhance the cooling effect.
  • the bus component is used to realize the electrical connection between multiple battery cells, such as parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection.
  • the bus component can realize the electrical connection between the battery cells by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells.
  • the bus member may be fixed to the electrode terminal of the battery cell by welding.
  • the electrical connections made by bus parts may also be referred to as "high voltage connections”.
  • a sensor device may also be provided in the battery, and the sensor device is used for sensing the state of the battery cell, for example, sensing the temperature and state of charge of the battery cell.
  • the electrical connection area in the battery may include the electrical connection area formed by the busbar and/or the electrical connection area in the sensor device.
  • Bus components and sensing devices can be encapsulated in an insulating layer to form a signal transmission assembly.
  • the signal transmission component can be used to transmit the voltage of the battery cell and/or the sensing signal.
  • the signal transmission component does not have an insulating layer at the connection with the electrode terminal of the battery cell, that is, the insulating layer has an opening here, so as to be connected with the electrode terminal of the battery cell.
  • the above-described components in the battery case should not be construed as limiting the embodiment of the present application, that is, the battery case in the embodiment of the present application may include the above-mentioned components, or may not include the above components.
  • batteries such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc.
  • spacecraft include Airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spaceships, etc.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or Extended range cars, etc.
  • a motor 40 , a controller 30 and a battery 10 can be arranged inside the vehicle 1 , and the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 40 .
  • the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom or front or rear of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 , for a circuit system of the vehicle 1 , for example, for starting, navigating and running power requirements of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 may include multiple battery cells.
  • FIG. 2 which is a schematic structural diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application, the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the battery 10 may further include a box body 11 , the inside of which is a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 10 are accommodated in the box body 11 .
  • the box body 11 may include two parts, here referred to as a first part 111 (upper box body) and a second part 112 (lower box body), and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be determined according to the combined shape of a plurality of battery cells 20 , and each of the first part 111 and the second part 112 can have an opening.
  • both the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be hollow cuboids and each has only one face as an open face, the opening of the first part 111 and the opening of the second part 112 are arranged oppositely, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are interlocked Combined to form a box 11 with a closed chamber.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 are combined in parallel, in series or in parallel and placed in the box 11 formed by fastening the first part 111 and the second part 112 .
  • the battery 10 may also include other structures, which will not be repeated here.
  • the battery 10 may also include a confluence part, which is used to realize electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells 20 , such as parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection.
  • the current-combining component can realize the electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals of the battery cells 20 .
  • the bus member may be fixed to the electrode terminal of the battery cell 20 by welding. The electric energy of the plurality of battery cells 20 can be further drawn out through the box body 11 through the conductive mechanism.
  • the conduction means can also belong to the current-collecting part.
  • the number of battery cells 20 can be set to any value.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel to achieve greater capacity or power. Since the number of battery cells 20 included in each battery 10 may be large, for the convenience of installation, the battery cells 20 may be arranged in groups, and each group of battery cells 20 constitutes a battery module. The number of battery cells 20 included in the battery module is not limited and can be set according to requirements.
  • a battery may include a plurality of battery modules, which may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the first part 111 of the box body 11 may be an upper cover without an opening, that is, the first part 111 is a flat upper cover.
  • the upper cover can be integrated with cooling components to cool the battery cells 20 at the top of the box body 11 .
  • the second part 112 of the box body 11 is a cavity with an opening, including a bottom wall and a side wall.
  • the bottom wall may integrate cooling components to cool the battery cells 20 at the bottom of the case 11 .
  • the side wall may be provided with a beam, and the beam includes multiple sub-walls, and the multiple sub-walls form a hollow beam structure, that is, the beam has a cavity inside.
  • a cooling component may also be provided in the middle of the box 11 .
  • a cooling component may also be provided between the upper and lower rows of battery cells 20 to further enhance the cooling effect.
  • the walls of the battery cells 20 inside the case 11 provided with the electrode terminals may be perpendicular to the bottom wall of the case 11 . That is, the battery cells 20 can be placed in a lateral direction (“lay flat”). In this way, in a direction perpendicular to the bottom wall of the box body 11, cooling components can be provided between every two rows of battery cells 20, and correspondingly, cooling components are provided on both sides of each battery cell 20.
  • the side wall with the largest area of each battery cell 20 is connected to a cooling component, so as to achieve maximum cooling of the battery cell 20 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes one or more electrode assemblies 22 , a casing 211 and a cover plate 212 .
  • the housing 211 and the cover plate 212 form the housing or battery compartment 21 .
  • the walls of the casing 211 and the cover plate 212 are both called the walls of the battery cell 20 , wherein for the rectangular parallelepiped battery cell 20 , the walls of the casing 211 include a bottom wall and four side walls.
  • the housing 211 depends on the combined shape of one or more electrode assemblies 22.
  • the housing 211 can be a hollow cuboid or cube or cylinder, and one of the surfaces of the housing 211 has an opening so that one or more electrodes Assembly 22 may be placed within housing 211 .
  • one of the planes of the housing 211 is an open surface, that is, the plane does not have a wall so that the inside and outside of the housing 211 communicate.
  • the casing 211 can be a hollow cylinder, the end surface of the casing 211 is an open surface, that is, the end surface does not have a wall so that the inside and outside of the casing 211 communicate.
  • the cover plate 212 covers the opening and is connected with the casing 211 to form a closed cavity for placing the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the casing 211 is filled with electrolyte, such as electrolytic solution.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include two electrode terminals 214 , and the two electrode terminals 214 may be disposed on the cover plate 212 .
  • the cover plate 212 is usually in the shape of a flat plate, and two electrode terminals 214 are fixed on the flat plate surface of the cover plate 212, and the two electrode terminals 214 are positive electrode terminals 214a and negative electrode terminals 214b respectively.
  • Each electrode terminal 214 is respectively provided with a connecting member 23 , or also referred to as a current collecting member 23 , which is located between the cover plate 212 and the electrode assembly 22 for electrically connecting the electrode assembly 22 and the electrode terminal 214 .
  • each electrode assembly 22 has a first tab 221a and a second tab 222a.
  • the polarities of the first tab 221a and the second tab 222a are opposite.
  • the first tab 221a is a positive tab
  • the second tab 222a is a negative tab.
  • the first tabs 221a of one or more electrode assemblies 22 are connected to one electrode terminal through one connection member 23
  • the second tabs 222a of one or more electrode assemblies 22 are connected to another electrode terminal through another connection member 23 .
  • the positive electrode terminal 214 a is connected to the positive electrode tab through one connection member 23
  • the negative electrode terminal 214 b is connected to the negative electrode tab through the other connection member 23 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 can be set as single or multiple, as shown in FIG. 4 , four independent electrode assemblies 22 are arranged in the battery cell 20 .
  • a pressure relief mechanism 213 may also be provided on the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 213 is activated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be various possible pressure relief structures, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism configured to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold; and/or, the pressure relief mechanism 213 may be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell 20 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold value.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural view of a battery case 11 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 shows a top view corresponding to the box body 11 in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 shows a sectional view along A-A corresponding to the box body 11 in FIG. 6 .
  • the box body 11 may include an upper box body 111 , a lower box body 112 , a pressure balance mechanism 113 and a ventilation assembly 114 .
  • At least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 are provided on the box body 11.
  • the pressure balance mechanisms 113 are used to balance the pressure inside and outside the box body 11.
  • At least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 are connected to the ventilation assembly 114 outside the box body 11; wherein,
  • the first ventilation assembly 114a connected to the first pressure balance mechanism 113a of the at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 is used to open the first pressure balance mechanism 113a to input gas into the box body 11, and the at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113
  • the second ventilation component 114b connected to the second pressure balance mechanism 113b is used to open the second pressure balance mechanism 113b to discharge the gas in the box body 11 .
  • the ventilation assembly 114 is connected to the pressure balance mechanism 113, which can be installed based on the existing structure, and the assembly is convenient and fast .
  • the first pressure balance mechanism among the at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 may be 113a
  • the second pressure balance mechanism may be 113b
  • the first ventilation component may be 114a
  • the second pressure balance mechanism may be 114a
  • the second ventilation component can be 114b, or the first pressure balance mechanism can be 113b
  • the second pressure balance mechanism can be 113a
  • the first ventilation component is 114b
  • the second ventilation component is 114a.
  • This application is not limited to this, as long as it makes One of the ventilation components 114 passes gas into the box body 11 through a pressure balance mechanism 113 , and the other ventilation component 114 discharges gas out of the box body 11 through another pressure balance mechanism 113 .
  • the tank 11 in the embodiment of the present application may also include multiple pressure balance mechanisms 113 and corresponding vent assemblies 114, as long as some of the pressure balance mechanisms 113 and vent assemblies 114 are used to input gas into the tank 11, the other A part of the pressure balance mechanism 113 and the ventilation assembly 114 only need to discharge the gas in the box body 11 to the outside of the box body 11 , which is not limited in this application.
  • the gas passed into the box body 11 in the embodiment of the present application may be the gas in an air conditioner (not shown in the figure).
  • the first ventilation assembly 114a is used for connecting the air outlet of the air conditioner
  • the second ventilation assembly 114b is used for connecting the air inlet of the air conditioner, so that the air in the box body 11 enters the airflow of the air conditioner for circulation.
  • the first ventilation component 114a and the second ventilation component 114b can be respectively provided with a first interface 1141a and a second interface 1141b, the first ventilation component 114a is connected to the air conditioner outlet, and the second ventilation component 114b is connected to the air conditioner Taking the air inlet as an example, the first interface 1141a can be used to connect to the air outlet of the air conditioner, so as to input the gas output from the air outlet of the air conditioner into the box body 11, and the second interface 1141b is connected to the air inlet of the air conditioner, so that the box body 11 The gas inside enters the air circulation of the air conditioner.
  • the air-conditioning air is used to actively circulate the gas inside the box 11 , and the high-temperature and high-humidity gas inside the box 11 is discharged to the outside of the box 11 , thereby avoiding the generation of condensate and enhancing the safety performance of the battery 10 .
  • the battery 10 is a battery in a vehicle
  • the inside of the case 11 is circulated by the air conditioner in the car, and no additional components need to be used.
  • the first pressure balance mechanism 113a and the second pressure balance mechanism 113b in the embodiment of the present application are respectively arranged on two opposite walls of the box body 11 .
  • the gas in the box body 11 can be fully circulated, and then the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box body 11 can be discharged out of the box body 11, thereby avoiding the generation of condensate and enhancing the safety performance of the battery 10.
  • first pressure balance mechanism 113a and second pressure balance mechanism 113b may be disposed on two intersecting walls of the box body 11, or may also be disposed on the same wall, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the ventilation assembly 114 in the embodiment of the present application may include a magnet 1142 for absorbing the valve plate 1131 of the pressure balance mechanism 113; a drive mechanism 1143 connected to the magnet 1142, and the drive mechanism 1143 is used to drive the magnet 1142 Move away from the direction of the box body 11, so that the magnet 1142 absorbs the valve plate 1131 of the pressure balance mechanism 113 in a direction away from the box body 11 and opens the pressure balance mechanism 113; The interior of the box body 11 communicates.
  • FIG. 8 shows a partial detailed view corresponding to position C in FIG. 7 .
  • the detailed view includes a pressure balance mechanism 113 and a vent assembly 114 .
  • FIG. 8 corresponds to the parts of the first ventilation assembly 114a and the first pressure balance mechanism 113a in FIG.
  • the balance mechanism is described, that is, all the pressure balance mechanisms and ventilation components in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the specific structure in FIG. 8 .
  • the ventilation assembly 114 includes a magnet 1142 , a driving mechanism 1143 and an airflow channel 1144 .
  • the ventilation assembly 114 may further include other components, such as springs, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the magnet 1142 when the gas inside the box body 11 needs to be discharged, the magnet 1142 can be driven to move away from the box body 11 through the driving mechanism 1143. Since the magnet 1142 is adsorbed to the valve plate 1131, the driving mechanism Driven by 1143, the pressure balance mechanism 113 can be opened, so that the airflow passage 1144 in the ventilation assembly 114 communicates with the airflow passage 1134 in the pressure balance mechanism 113, and at the same time, the interface 1141 on the ventilation assembly 114 can be connected to the air inlet or outlet of the air conditioner.
  • Air port in this way, air-conditioning air can pass through the airflow channel 1144 in the ventilation assembly 114 and enter the inside of the box body 11 through the airflow channel 1134 in the pressure balance mechanism 113 , or be discharged from the inside of the box body 11 .
  • the pressure balance mechanism 113 in the embodiment of the present application may be a pressure relief mechanism, which is used to activate when the internal pressure of the tank 11 reaches a threshold value to release the internal pressure when the ventilation assembly 114 is not connected. .
  • the pressure balance mechanism 113 in the embodiment of the present application When the pressure balance mechanism 113 in the embodiment of the present application is connected to the ventilation assembly 114, it can actively circulate the gas in the box 11, discharge the high-temperature and high-humidity gas in the box 11 out of the box 11, and avoid condensate generation; when the ventilation assembly 114 is not connected, the original pressure relief function can be restored to ensure the safety performance of the battery 10 .
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a pressure balance mechanism applicable in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the pressure balance mechanism 113 may include a valve plate 1131 , a valve cover 1132 , a valve body 1133 and an air flow channel 1134 .
  • valve plate 1131 and the valve cover 1132 can be connected together.
  • the driving mechanism 1143 drives the valve plate 1133
  • the valve cover 1132 can be driven together, so that the pressure balance mechanism 113 can be opened, so that the gas can be ventilated.
  • the assembly 113 enters the interior of the case 11 or is discharged from the interior of the case 11 .
  • valve plate 1131 and the valve cover 1132 can be integrated, or can be set separately, as long as the driving mechanism 1143 can open the pressure balance mechanism 113 when driving the valve plate 1131 .
  • the pressure balance mechanism 113 may further include other components, such as springs, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an air flow path inside a box in an embodiment of the present application.
  • air-conditioning air can enter the gas channel 1144 from the interface 1141 , and enter the inside of the box body 11 through the air channel 1134 in the pressure balance mechanism 113 along the direction indicated by the arrow in the gas channel 1144 in FIG. 10 . .
  • the gas in the box body 11 can also pass through the gas channel 1134 in the pressure balance mechanism 113 on the other side, enter the airflow channel 1144 in the ventilation assembly 114, and then exit the box body 11 and pass through the air inlet of the air conditioner. Enter the gas circulation of the air conditioner. It will be appreciated that in this case the direction of airflow may be opposite to that shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the driving mechanism 1143 in the embodiment of the present application can rotate, so as to drive the magnet 1142 to move away from the box body 11 or close to the box body 11 .
  • the driving mechanism 1143 is a rotating driving mechanism.
  • the driving mechanism 1143 drives the magnet 1142 to move away from the box body 11.
  • the driving mechanism 1143 drives The magnet 1142 moves toward the box body 11 .
  • first direction in this application may be, for example, counterclockwise or clockwise, and correspondingly, the second direction may be clockwise or counterclockwise, or the first direction and the second direction Other directions may also be used, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the driving mechanism 1143 may be provided with threads in a manner to realize the rotation of the driving mechanism 1143 in different directions, and the specific manner of arranging the threads is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the drive mechanism 1143 can also be lifted directly away from the box body 11, so that the magnet 1142 can drive the valve plate 1131, thereby opening the pressure balance mechanism 113.
  • the specific implementation method will not be discussed in this embodiment of the present application. limited.
  • the ventilation assembly 114 in the embodiment of the present application further includes a fixing structure, such as a fixing structure 1145 in FIG. 8 , through which the ventilation assembly 114 can be fixed on the pressure balance mechanism 113 .
  • the ventilation assembly 114 further includes: a fixing structure 1145 for connecting or disconnecting the pressure balancing mechanism 113 along a direction parallel to the valve plate 1131 of the pressure balancing mechanism 113 .
  • the fixing structure 1145 is connected to or separated from the pressure balance mechanism 113 along a direction parallel to the valve plate 1131, so that the valve plate 1131 will not be absorbed during the connection or disconnection process, and at the same time, it is convenient for installation and disassembly.
  • the pressure balance mechanism 113 in the embodiment of the present application can be provided with a groove, such as the groove 1135 in Figure 8 and Figure 9, through the groove 1135 to cooperate with the above-mentioned fixing structure 1145 to fix the ventilation assembly 114.
  • the pressure balance mechanism 113 is provided with a groove 1135 corresponding to the fixing structure 1145 , and the fixing structure 1145 snaps into the groove 1135 along a direction parallel to the valve plate 1131 of the pressure balance mechanism 113 to connect the pressure balance mechanism 113 .
  • the ventilation assembly 114 in the embodiment of the present application can be fixed on the pressure balance mechanism 113 through the fixing structure 1145 to realize the above-mentioned gas circulation. function, and there is no need to circulate the gas in the box 11, the ventilation assembly 114 can be disassembled from the pressure balance mechanism 113. It can be known from the description of the previous embodiment that the ventilation assembly in the embodiment of the present application After 114 falls off from the pressure balance mechanism 113, it will not affect the normal use of the pressure balance mechanism 113 at all, and the pressure balance mechanism 113 can still release the internal pressure when the internal pressure of the box body 11 reaches a threshold value.
  • a gasket can be further provided at the groove 1135 to further enhance the connection.
  • the fixing structure 1145 may have a hollow semi-cylindrical structure, specifically, the fixing structure 1145 is a hollow structure adapted to the pressure balance mechanism 113 The semi-cylindrical shape can be snapped into the groove 1135 along the direction parallel to the valve plate 1131 of the pressure balance mechanism 113 .
  • the fixing structure 1145 By setting the hollow semi-cylindrical fixing structure 1145, it can be ensured that the fixing structure 1145 is easily matched with the groove 1135 on the pressure balance mechanism 113, so as to facilitate installation and disassembly.
  • the fixing structure 1145 in the embodiment of the present application may also have other shapes, such as a hollow semi-cuboid shape, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the drive mechanism 1143 moves relative to the fixed structure 1145 to drive the magnet 1142 to move away from the box body 11 to open the pressure balance mechanism 113 .
  • the ventilation assembly 114 can be fixed to the pressure balance mechanism 113 through the fixing structure 1145, and the fixing structure 1145 remains still during the movement of the driving mechanism 1143, so that the driving mechanism 1143 can be far away from the box body 11, thereby driving the valve plate 1131 , open the pressure balance mechanism 113 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery 10 , the battery 10 may include a battery cell 20 , and the box body 11 in the foregoing embodiments, wherein the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the box body 11 .
  • the battery cell 20 may be the battery cell 20 described in the foregoing embodiments, for example, the battery cell 20 may be the battery cell 20 in FIG. 4 .
  • the battery 10 may also include a bus component for realizing the electrical connection of a plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the battery 10 may also include sensing devices for sensing the status of the battery cells 20 .
  • the walls of the battery cells 20 provided with the electrode terminals may be perpendicular to the bottom wall of the case 11 . That is, the battery cells 20 can be placed in a lateral direction (“lay flat”).
  • the side wall of the battery cell 20 with the largest area is connected to a cooling component, so as to achieve maximum cooling of the battery cell 20 .
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electric device.
  • the electric device may include the battery 10 in the foregoing embodiments, and the battery 10 is used to provide electric energy to the electric device.
  • the electrical equipment further includes an air conditioner, an air outlet of the air conditioner is connected to the first ventilation assembly 114a, and an air inlet of the air conditioner is connected to the second ventilation assembly 114b.
  • the battery box 11 , the battery 10 and the electrical equipment of the embodiment of the present application are described above, and the method and device for preparing the battery of the embodiment of the present application will be described below, and the parts not described in detail can be referred to the foregoing embodiments.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic flowchart of a method 300 for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11 , the method 300 may include the following steps.
  • the box body 11 is provided with at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113, the pressure balance mechanism 113 is used to balance the pressure inside and outside the box body 11, and at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 are connected to the ventilation assembly outside the box body 11 114.
  • the first ventilation assembly 114a connected to the first pressure balance mechanism 113a in the at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 is used to open the first pressure balance mechanism 113a to input gas into the box body 11, and the at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113
  • the second vent assembly 114b connected to the second pressure balance mechanism 113b in the second pressure balance mechanism 113b is used to open the second pressure balance mechanism 113b to discharge the gas in the box body 11 .
  • Fig. 12 shows a schematic block diagram of a device 400 for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 400 for preparing a battery may include: a providing module 410 and an installing module 420 .
  • the providing module 410 is used to: provide the battery cell 20 and the box body 11, the box body 11 is provided with at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113, the pressure balance mechanism 113 is used to balance the pressure inside and outside the box body 11, at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 is connected to the ventilation assembly 114 outside the box body 11 .
  • the installation module 420 is used for accommodating the battery cells 20 in the box body 11 .
  • the first ventilation assembly 114a connected to the first pressure balance mechanism 113a in the at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113 is used to open the first pressure balance mechanism 113a to input gas into the box body 11, and the at least two pressure balance mechanisms 113
  • the second vent assembly 114b connected to the second pressure balance mechanism 113b in the second pressure balance mechanism 113b is used to open the second pressure balance mechanism 113b to discharge the gas in the box body 11 .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池的箱体(11)、电池(10)、用电设备、制备电池的方法(300)和设备(400)。箱体(11)上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构(113)，压力平衡机构(113)用于平衡箱体(11)内外的压力，至少两个压力平衡机构(113)在箱体(11)外侧连接通气组件(114)；其中，至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第一压力平衡机构(113a)连接的第一通气组件(114a)用于打开第一压力平衡机构(113a)，以向箱体(11)内输入气体，至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第二压力平衡机构(113b)连接的第二通气组件(114b)用于打开第二压力平衡机构(113b)，以将箱体(11)内的气体排出。本申请实施例的技术方案，能够增强电池(10)的安全性。

Description

电池的箱体、电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池的箱体、电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备。
背景技术
随着环境污染的日益加剧，新能源产业越来越受到人们的关注。在新能源产业中，电池技术是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术的发展中，安全问题是一个不可忽视的问题。如果电池的安全问题不能保证，那该电池就无法使用。
电池在高温高湿环境中，容易在电池的箱体内产生冷凝液，造成安全隐患，影响电池的安全性。因此，如何增强电池的安全性，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电池的箱体、电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备，能够增强电池的安全性。
第一方面，提供了一种电池的箱体，所述箱体上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构，所述压力平衡机构用于平衡所述箱体内外的压力，所述至少两个压力平衡机构在所述箱体外侧连接通气组件；其中，所述至少两个压力平衡机构中的第一压力平衡机构连接的第一通气组件用于打开所述第一压力平衡机构，以向所述箱体内输入气体，所述至少两个压力平衡机构中的第二压力平衡机构连接的第二通气组件用于打开所述第二压力平衡机构，以将所述箱体内的气体排出。
在本申请实施例中，通过在箱体的平衡压力机构处设置通气组件，可以主动对 箱体内的气体进行循环，使得箱体内的高温高湿气体可以及时排出到箱体的外部，避免在箱体内部产生冷凝液，从而能够增强电池的安全性，同时，将通气组件设置在压力平衡机构上，可以基于已有的结构进行安装，装配便捷迅速。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一通气组件用于连接空调的出气口，所述第二通气组件用于连接所述空调的进气口，以使所述箱体内的气体进入所述空调的气流循环。
通过利用空调气对电池的箱体内部进行循环，将箱体内部的高温高湿气体排出到箱体的外部，从而避免冷凝液的生成，增强电池的安全性能。当该电池是车辆中的电池时，利用汽车内的空调对箱体内部气体进行循环，不需要使用额外的组件。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一压力平衡机构和所述第二压力平衡机构分别设置于所述箱体的相对的两个壁上。
通过将第一压力平衡机构和第二压力平衡机构分别设置在相对的壁上，可以对箱体内的气体进行充分的循环后，将箱体内的高温高湿气体排出箱体，从而避免了冷凝液的产生，增强了电池的安全性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通气组件包括：磁铁，用于吸附所述压力平衡机构的阀片；带动机构，连接于所述磁铁，所述带动机构用于带动所述磁铁向远离所述箱体的方向移动，以使所述磁铁向远离所述箱体的方向吸附所述压力平衡机构的阀片而打开所述压力平衡机构；气流通道，所述气流通道在所述压力平衡机构打开时与所述箱体内部连通。
本申请实施例中，通过带动机构带动阀片打开压力平衡机构，可以主动对箱体内的气体进行循环流通，将箱体内的高温高湿气体排出箱体，从而避免冷凝液的产生，增强了电池的安全性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述带动机构为旋转带动机构，所述带动机构向第一方向旋转时，所述带动机构带动所述磁铁向远离所述箱体的方向移动，所述带动机构向第二方向旋转时，所述带动机构带动所述磁铁向靠近所述箱体的方向移动。通过旋转带动机构，可以主动控制对箱体内部气体的循环流通，操作简单便捷。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通气组件还包括：固定结构，用于沿平行 于所述压力平衡机构的阀片的方向连接或脱离所述压力平衡机构。
本申请实施例中，固定结构沿平行于阀片的方向连接或脱离压力平衡机构，这样在连接或脱离过程中阀片不会被吸附，同时还方便安装拆卸。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述压力平衡机构上设置有与所述固定结构对应的凹槽，所述固定结构沿平行于所述压力平衡机构的阀片的方向卡入所述凹槽以连接所述压力平衡机构。
本申请实施例中，通过压力平衡机构与通气组件的固定结构相互配合，从而固定通气组件，可以基于现有结构的基础上进行安装拆卸，更加方便快捷。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述固定结构为与所述压力平衡机构适配的中空的半圆柱型，以能够沿平行于所述压力平衡机构的阀片的方向卡入所述凹槽。本申请实施例中的中空的半圆柱型结构，便于通气组件的安装和拆卸。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述固定结构连接所述压力平衡机构时，所述带动机构相对于所述固定结构移动，以带动所述磁铁向远离所述箱体的方向移动而打开所述压力平衡机构。通过上述带动机构带动磁铁向远离箱体的方向移动，从而可以打开压力平衡机构，主动对箱体对的气体进行循环流通，从而避免冷凝液的产生，增强电池的安全性能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述压力平衡机构为泄压机构，所述泄压机构不连接所述通气组件时用于在所述箱体的内部压力达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力。
本申请实施例中的泄压机构，在连接通气组件时，可以主动对箱体内的气体进行循环流通，将箱体内的高温高湿气体排出箱体，避免了冷凝液的生成；当不连接通气组件时，可以恢复原有的泄压功能，保障电池的安全性能。
第二方面，提供了一种电池，包括：电池单体；以及第一方面的箱体，其中，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内。
第三方面，提供了一种用电设备，包括：第二方面的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述用电设备还包括空调，所述空调的出气口 连接于所述第一通气组件，所述空调的进气口连接于所述第二通气组件。
第四方面，提供了一种制备电池的方法，包括：提供电池单体；提供箱体，所述箱体上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构，所述压力平衡机构用于平衡所述箱体内外的压力，所述至少两个压力平衡机构在所述箱体外侧连接通气组件；将所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体内；其中，所述至少两个压力平衡机构中的第一压力平衡机构连接的第一通气组件用于打开所述第一压力平衡机构，以向所述箱体内输入气体，所述至少两个压力平衡机构中的第二压力平衡机构连接的第二通气组件用于打开所述第二压力平衡机构，以将所述箱体内的气体排出。
第五方面，提供了一种制备电池的设备，包括执行上述第四方面的方法的模块。
本申请实施例的技术方案，通过在箱体的平衡压力机构处设置通气组件，可以主动对箱体内的气体进行循环，使得箱体内的高温高湿气体可以及时排出到箱体的外部，避免在箱体内部产生冷凝液，从而能够增强电池的安全性，同时，将通气组件设置在压力平衡机构上，可以基于已有的结构进行安装，装配便捷迅速。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例的车辆的示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例的电池的示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例的电池的示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例的电池单体的示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例的电池的箱体的示意图；
图6是对应于图5中的电池箱体的俯视图；
图7是对应于图6中的电池箱体沿A-A的剖面图；
图8是本申请实施例适用的一种压力平衡机构的结构示意图；
图9是对应于图7中的位置C的局部细节图；
图10是本申请实施示例中的一种箱体内部的气流路径的示意图；
图11是本申请一实施例的制备电池的方法的示意性流程图；
图12是本申请一实施例的制备电池的设备的示意性框图；
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池 单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为聚丙烯(PP)或聚乙烯(PE)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
为了满足不同的电力需求，电池可以包括多个电池单体，其中，多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。可选地，多个电池单体可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池。也就是说，多个电池单体可以直接组成电池，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池。电池再进一步设置于用电设备中，为用电设备提供电能。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
对于电池单体来说，主要的安全风险来自于充电和放电过程，同时还有适宜的温度设计。为了控制电池单体处于适宜的温度，可以在电池内设置冷却系统。冷却系统用于容纳冷却介质以给电池单体降低温度。冷却系统也可以称为冷却部件或冷 却板等，冷却介质也可以称为冷却流体，更具体的，可以称为冷却液或冷却气体。冷却流体是循环流动的，以达到更好的温度调节的效果。可选地，冷却介质可以为水、水和乙二醇的混合液或者空气等。在冷却介质为水时，冷却系统也可以称为水冷板。
冷却系统对箱体内的电池单体进行冷却的同时，也容易在电池的箱体内产生冷凝液，造成安全隐患，影响电池的安全性。具体而言，电池内高温高湿的气体在遇到电池的箱体内的冷却系统时，会产生冷凝液，该冷凝液若滴到电池内的电连接区域，则可能会影响电池的安全性。
鉴于此，本申请提供了一种技术方案，通过在箱体的平衡压力机构处设置通气组件，可以主动对箱体内的气体进行循环，使得箱体内的高温高湿气体可以及时排出到箱体的外部，避免在箱体内部产生冷凝液，从而能够增强电池的安全性，同时，将通气组件设置在压力平衡机构上，可以基于已有的结构进行安装，装配便捷迅速。
上述电池的箱体上设置的压力平衡机构，可以用于平衡箱体内外的压力。例如，当箱体内的压力高于箱体外时，箱体内部的气体可以通过压力平衡机构流到箱体外；当箱体内的压力低于箱体外时，箱体外部的气体可以通过压力平衡机构流入箱体内部。可选地，压力平衡机构可以为箱体的泄压机构，泄压机构用于在箱体的内部压力达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力。
应理解，本申请实施例中的压力平衡机构也可以称作箱体的防爆阀或者平衡阀等，本申请对此不作限定。
在电池的箱体中，除了上文提到的电池单体以及冷却部件外，还可以包括汇流部件以及电池的其他部件。在一些实施例中，箱体中还可以设置用于固定电池单体的结构。箱体的形状可以根据所容纳的多个电池单体而定。在一些实施例中，箱体可以为方形，具有六个壁。可选地，箱体的底壁和顶壁可以集成冷却部件，以分别在箱体的底部和顶部对电池单体进行冷却。箱体的侧壁设置梁，梁包括多个子壁，多个子壁形成中空的梁结构，即梁内部具有腔体。可选地，除了箱体的底部和顶部外，在箱体的中部也可以设置冷却部件，以进一步增强冷却效果。
汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体之间的电连接，例如并联或串联或混联。汇流部件可通过连接电池单体的电极端子实现电池单体之间的电连接。在一些实施例中，汇流部件可通过焊接固定于电池单体的电极端子。汇流部件形成的电连接也可称 为“高压连接”。
除了汇流部件外，电池内还可以设置传感器件，传感器件用于感测电池单体的状态，例如感测电池单体的温度、荷电状态等。在本申请实施例中，电池内的电连接区域可以包括汇流部件形成的电连接区域和/或传感器件中的电连接区域。
汇流部件和传感器件可以封装在绝缘层中，形成信号传输组件。相应地，信号传输组件可用于传输电池单体的电压和/或传感信号。信号传输组件在与电池单体的电极端子的连接处没有绝缘层，即，在此处绝缘层具有开孔，从而与电池单体的电极端子连接。
应理解，以上描述的电池的箱体中的各个部件不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定，也就是说，本申请实施例的用于电池的箱体可以包括上述的部件，也可以不包括上述的部件。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案均适用于各种使用电池的设备，例如，手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动玩具、电动工具、电动车辆、船舶和航天器等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的设备，还可以适用于所有使用电池的设备，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明。
例如，如图1所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种车辆1的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置马达40，控制器30以及电池10，控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池10可以包括多个电池单体。例如，如图2所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种电池10的结构示意图，电池10可以包括多个电池单体20。电池10还可以包括箱体11，箱体11内部为中空结构，多个电池单体10容纳于箱体11内。如图2所示，箱体11可以包括两部分，这里分别称为第一部分111 (上箱体)和第二部分112(下箱体)，第一部分111和第二部分112扣合在一起。第一部分111和第二部分112的形状可以根据多个电池单体20组合的形状而定，第一部分111和第二部分112可以均具有一个开口。例如，第一部分111和第二部分112均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，第一部分111的开口和第二部分112的开口相对设置，并且第一部分111和第二部分112相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体11。多个电池单体20相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一部分111和第二部分112扣合后形成的箱体11内。
可选地，电池10还可以包括其他结构，在此不再一一赘述。例如，该电池10还可以包括汇流部件，汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接，例如并联或串联或混联。具体地，汇流部件可通过连接电池单体20的电极端子实现电池单体20之间的电连接。进一步地，汇流部件可通过焊接固定于电池单体20的电极端子。多个电池单体20的电能可进一步通过导电机构穿过箱体11而引出。可选地，导电机构也可属于汇流部件。
根据不同的电力需求，电池单体20的数量可以设置为任意数值。多个电池单体20可通过串联、并联或混联的方式连接以实现较大的容量或功率。由于每个电池10中包括的电池单体20的数量可能较多，为了便于安装，可以将电池单体20分组设置，每组电池单体20组成电池模块。电池模块中包括的电池单体20的数量不限，可以根据需求设置。电池可以包括多个电池模块，这些电池模块可通过串联、并联或混联的方式进行连接。
可选地，如图3所示，箱体11的第一部分111可以为没有开口的上盖，即，第一部分111为平板状上盖。该上盖可以集成冷却部件，以在箱体11的顶部对电池单体20进行冷却。箱体11的第二部分112为具有开口的腔体，包括底壁和侧壁。底壁可以集成冷却部件，以在箱体11的底部对电池单体20进行冷却。侧壁可以设置梁，梁包括多个子壁，多个子壁形成中空的梁结构，即梁内部具有腔体。
可选地，除了箱体11的底部和顶部外，在箱体11的中部也可以设置冷却部件。例如，在上下两列电池单体20之间也可以设置冷却部件，以进一步增强冷却效果。
可选地，箱体11内的电池单体20的设置有电极端子的壁可以垂直于箱体11的底壁。也就是说，电池单体20可以横向(“平躺”)放置。这样，在垂直于箱体 11的底壁的方向上，每两列电池单体20之间都可以设置冷却部件，相应地，每个电池单体20的两侧都设置有冷却部件。可选地，每个电池单体20的面积最大的侧壁连接冷却部件，从而实现对电池单体20的较大限度的冷却。
如图4所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种电池单体20的结构示意图，电池单体20包括一个或多个电极组件22、壳体211和盖板212。壳体211和盖板212形成外壳或电池盒21。壳体211的壁以及盖板212均称为电池单体20的壁，其中对于长方体型电池单体20，壳体211的壁包括底壁和四个侧壁。壳体211根据一个或多个电极组件22组合后的形状而定，例如，壳体211可以为中空的长方体或正方体或圆柱体，且壳体211的其中一个面具有开口以便一个或多个电极组件22可以放置于壳体211内。例如，当壳体211为中空的长方体或正方体时，壳体211的其中一个平面为开口面，即该平面不具有壁体而使得壳体211内外相通。当壳体211可以为中空的圆柱体时，壳体211的端面为开口面，即该端面不具有壁体而使得壳体211内外相通。盖板212覆盖开口并且与壳体211连接，以形成放置电极组件22的封闭的腔体。壳体211内填充有电解质，例如电解液。
该电池单体20还可以包括两个电极端子214，两个电极端子214可以设置在盖板212上。盖板212通常是平板形状，两个电极端子214固定在盖板212的平板面上，两个电极端子214分别为正电极端子214a和负电极端子214b。每个电极端子214各对应设置一个连接构件23，或者也可以称为集流构件23，其位于盖板212与电极组件22之间，用于将电极组件22和电极端子214实现电连接。
如图4所示，每个电极组件22具有第一极耳221a和第二极耳222a。第一极耳221a和第二极耳222a的极性相反。例如，当第一极耳221a为正极极耳时，第二极耳222a为负极极耳。一个或多个电极组件22的第一极耳221a通过一个连接构件23与一个电极端子连接，一个或多个电极组件22的第二极耳222a通过另一个连接构件23与另一个电极端子连接。例如，正电极端子214a通过一个连接构件23与正极极耳连接，负电极端子214b通过另一个连接构件23与负极极耳连接。
在该电池单体20中，根据实际使用需求，电极组件22可设置为单个，或多个，如图4所示，电池单体20内设置有4个独立的电极组件22。
电池单体20上还可设置泄压机构213。泄压机构213用于电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度。
泄压机构213可以为各种可能的泄压结构，本申请实施例对此并不限定。例如，泄压机构213可以为温敏泄压机构，温敏泄压机构被配置为在设有泄压机构213的电池单体20的内部温度达到阈值时能够熔化；和/或，泄压机构213可以为压敏泄压机构，压敏泄压机构被配置为在设有泄压机构213的电池单体20的内部气压达到阈值时能够破裂。
图5示出了本申请一个实施例的电池的箱体11的结构示意图。图6示出了对应于图5中的箱体11的俯视图，图7示出了对应于图6中的箱体11沿A-A的剖面图。如图5至图7中所示，箱体11可以包括上箱体111、下箱体112、压力平衡机构113和通气组件114。
具体地，箱体11上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构113，压力平衡机构113用于平衡箱体11内外的压力，至少两个压力平衡机构113在箱体11外侧连接通气组件114；其中，至少两个压力平衡机构113中的第一压力平衡机构113a连接的第一通气组件114a用于打开第一压力平衡机构113a，以向箱体11内输入气体，至少两个压力平衡机构113中的第二压力平衡机构113b连接的第二通气组件114b用于打开第二压力平衡机构113b，以将箱体11内的气体排出。
通过在箱体11的至少两个压力平衡机构113上连接通气组件114,通过通气组件114向箱体11内部输入气体,可以主动控制箱体11内部的气体流通,并且可以将箱体11内的气体排出到箱体11的外部,从而可以防止冷凝液的生成,增强了电池10的安全性能，同时，将通气组件114连接于压力平衡机构113上，可以基于现有结构进行安装，装配便捷迅速。
可选地，如图5至图7所示，上述至少两个压力平衡机构113中的第一压力平衡机构可以为113a，第二压力平衡机构可以为113b，第一通气组件可以为114a，第二通气组件可以为114b，或者，第一压力平衡机构可以为113b，第二压力平衡机构可以为113a，第一通气组件为114b，第二通气组件为114a，本申请对此不作限定，只要使得其中一个通气组件114通过一个压力平衡机构113向箱体11通入气体，另一个通气组件114通过另一个压力平衡机构113将气体排出箱体11即可。
可选地，本申请实施例中的箱体11也可以包括多个压力平衡机构113和相应的通气组件114，只要其中一部分压力平衡机构113和通气组件114用于向箱体11输入气体，另一部分压力平衡机构113和通气组件114将箱体11内的气体排出到箱体11 外部即可，本申请对此不作限定。
作为一种实现方式，本申请实施例中通入箱体11的气体可以是空调(图中未示出)中的气体。
具体地，第一通气组件114a用于连接空调的出气口，第二通气组件114b用于连接空调的进气口，以使箱体11内的气体进入空调的气流循环。
如图6所示，第一通气组件114a和第二通气组件114b上可以分别设置有第一接口1141a和第二接口1141b，以第一通气组件114a连接空调出气口，第二通气组件114b连接空调进气口为例，第一接口1141a可以用于连接到空调的出气口，以将空调的出气口中输出的气体输入箱体11，第二接口1141b连接到空调的进气口，以使得箱体11内部的气体进入空调的气流循环。
通过利用空调气主动对箱体11内部的气体进行循环，将箱体11内部的高温高湿气体排出到箱体11的外部，从而避免冷凝液的生成，增强电池10的安全性能。当该电池10是车辆中的电池时，利用汽车内的空调对箱体11内部进行循环，不需要使用额外的组件。
作为一种实现方式，本申请实施例中的第一压力平衡机构113a和第二压力平衡机构113b分别设置于箱体11的相对的两个壁上。
通过将第一压力平衡机构113a和第二压力平衡机构113b分别设置在相对的壁上，可以对箱体11内的气体进行充分的循环后，将箱体11内的高温高湿气体排出箱体11，从而避免了冷凝液的产生，增强了电池10的安全性能。
可选的，上述第一压力平衡机构113a和第二压力平衡机构113b可以设置在箱体11相交的两个壁上，或者也可以设置在同一个壁上，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
作为一种实现方式，本申请实施例中的通气组件114可以包括磁铁1142，用于吸附压力平衡机构113的阀片1131；带动机构1143，连接于磁铁1142，带动机构1143用于带动磁铁1142向远离箱体11的方向移动，以使磁铁1142向远离箱体11的方向吸附压力平衡机构113的阀片1131而打开压力平衡机构113；气流通道1144，气流通道1144在压力平衡机构113打开时与箱体11内部连通。
具体地，图8示出了对应于图7中的位置C的局部细节图。如图8所示，该细节图中包括压力平衡机构113和通气组件114。
应理解，图8中示出的细节虽然对应于图7中的第一通气组件114a和第一压力平衡机构113a的部分，但是为了描述简洁，图8中不针对其中的一组通气组件和压力平衡机构进行描述，即本申请实施例中的所有的压力平衡机构和通气组件都可以适用于图8中的具体结构。
如图8所示，该通气组件114包括磁铁1142、带动机构1143以及气流通道1144。
可选地，该通气组件114中还可以包括其他部件，例如弹簧等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
具体地，在需要将箱体11内部的气体排出时，可以通过带动机构1143带动磁铁1142向远离箱体11的方向移动，由于磁铁1142是吸附到阀片1131上的，因此，随着带动机构1143的带动，压力平衡机构113可以被打开，使得通气组件114中的气流通道1144和压力平衡机构113中的气流通道1134连通，同时，通气组件114上的接口1141可以连接空调进气口或者出气口，如此，空调气可以通过通气组件114中的气流通道1144经过压力平衡机构113中的气流通道1134进入到箱体11的内部，或者从箱体11内部排出。
作为一种实现方式，本申请实施例中的压力平衡机构113可以为泄压机构，泄压机构不连接通气组件114时用于在箱体11的内部压力达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力。
本申请实施例中的压力平衡机构113在连接通气组件114时，可以实现主动对箱体11内的气体的循环流通，将箱体11内的高温高湿气体排出箱体11，避免了冷凝液的生成；当不连接通气组件114时，可以恢复原有的泄压功能，保障电池10的安全性能。
图9示出了本申请实施例中可以适用的一种压力平衡机构的结构示意图。
如图9所示，该压力平衡机构113可以包括阀片1131、阀盖1132、阀体1133和气流通道1134。
其中，该阀片1131和阀盖1132可以是连接在一起的，如此，在带动机构1143带动阀片1133时，可以将阀盖1132一起带动，从而可以打开压力平衡机构113，使得气体可以通过通气组件113进入箱体11内部，或者从箱体11内部排出。
可选地，该阀片1131和阀盖1132可以是一体的，或者，也可以分开设置，只要带动机构1143在带动阀片1131时，能够将压力平衡机构113打开即可。
可选地，压力平衡机构113中还可以包括其他部件，如弹簧等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
图10示出了本申请实施例中的一种箱体内部气流路径的示意图。如图10所示，空调气可以从接口1141进入气体流道1144，沿图10中的气体流道1144中的箭头所示的方向，经过压力平衡机构113中的气流通道1134进入箱体11内部。
相似的，箱体11中的气体也可以通过另一侧的压力平衡机构113中的气体流道1134，进入通气组件114中的气流通道1144内，然后排出箱体11，通过空调的进气口进入空调的气体循环。应理解，这种情况下，气流方向可以与图10中示出的气流方向相反。
作为一种实现方式，本申请实施例中的带动机构1143可以旋转，从而可以带动磁铁1142向远离箱体11或者靠近箱体11的方向移动。
具体地，带动机构1143为旋转带动机构，带动机构1143向第一方向旋转时，带动机构1143带动磁铁1142向远离箱体11的方向移动，带动机构1143向第二方向旋转时，带动机构1143带动磁铁1142向靠近箱体11的方向移动。
可选地，本申请中的第一方向可以为，例如，逆时针方向或者顺时针方向，相对应的，第二方向可以为顺时针方向或者逆时针方向，或者，第一方向和第二方向也可以为其他方向，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，可以在带动机构1143中通过设置螺纹的方式，实现带动机构1143向不同方向的旋转，具体设置螺纹的方式本申请实施例不作限定。
或者，可选地，带动机构1143也可以直接向远离箱体11的方向被提起，以使得磁铁1142可以带动阀片1131，从而打开压力平衡机构113，具体实现方式，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
作为一种实现方式，本申请实施例中的通气组件114还包括固定结构，如图8中的固定结构1145，通过固定结构1145可以将通气组件114固定在压力平衡机构113上。
具体地，通气组件114还包括：固定结构1145，用于沿平行于压力平衡机构 113的阀片1131的方向连接或脱离压力平衡机构113。
固定结构1145沿平行于阀片1131的方向连接或脱离压力平衡机构113，这样在连接或脱离过程中阀片1131不会被吸附，同时还方便安装拆卸。
作为一种实现方式，本申请实施例中的压力平衡机构113上可以设置有凹槽，如图8和图9中的凹槽1135，通过凹槽1135以与上述固定结构1145配合，固定通气组件114。
具体地，压力平衡机构113上设置有与固定结构1145对应的凹槽1135，固定结构1145沿平行于压力平衡机构113的阀片1131的方向卡入凹槽1135以连接压力平衡机构113。
通过凹槽1135和固定结构1145配合，通气组件114的安装和拆卸十分便捷。
应理解，当需要对箱体11内的气体进行循环，排出内部高温高湿气体时，本申请实施例中的通气组件114可以通过固定结构1145固定于压力平衡机构113上，实现上述气体循环流通功能，而不需要对箱体11内的气体进行循环流通时，可以将通气组件114从压力平衡机构113上拆卸下来，通过前面实施例的描述中可以得知，本申请实施例中的通气组件114从压力平衡机构113脱落之后，完全不会影响压力平衡机构113的正常使用，压力平衡机构113仍然可以在箱体11内部压力达到阈值时，泄放内部压力。
可选地，可以进一步在凹槽1135处设置垫圈，进一步增强连接性。
作为一种实现方式，为了便于通气组件114在压力平衡机构113上的安装和拆卸，该固定结构1145可以具有中空的半圆柱结构，具体地，固定结构1145为与压力平衡机构113适配的中空的半圆柱型，以能够沿平行于压力平衡机构113的阀片1131的方向卡入凹槽1135。
通过设置中空的半圆柱型的固定结构1145，可以确保固定结构1145容易与压力平衡机构113上的凹槽1135配合，从而方便进行安装和拆卸。
可选地，本申请实施例中的固定结构1145也可以具有其他形状，如中空的半长方体等形状，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
作为一种实现方式，固定结构1145连接压力平衡机构113时，带动机构 1143相对于固定结构1145移动，以带动磁铁1142向远离箱体11的方向移动而打开压力平衡机构113。
应理解，通气组件114可以通过固定结构1145固定到压力平衡机构113上，在带动机构1143移动的过程中，固定结构1145保持不动，使得带动机构1143可以远离箱体11，从而带动阀片1131，打开压力平衡机构113。
本申请一个实施例提供了一种电池10，该电池10可以包括电池单体20，以及前述各实施例中的箱体11，其中，所述电池单体20容纳于所述箱体11内。
电池单体20可以为前述各实施例描述的电池单体20，例如，电池单体20可以为图4中的电池单体20。
电池10还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体20的电连接。电池10还可以包括传感器件，用于感测电池单体20的状态。
可选地，电池单体20的设置有电极端子的壁可以垂直于箱体11的底壁。也就是说，电池单体20可以横向(“平躺”)放置。可选地，电池单体20的面积最大的侧壁连接冷却部件，从而实现对电池单体20的较大限度的冷却。
关于电池10中各部件的具体描述可以参见前述各实施例，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请一个实施例还提供了一种用电设备，该用电设备可以包括前述各实施例中的电池10，该电池10用于向该用电设备提供电能。
作为一种实现方式，该用电设备还包括空调，空调的出气口连接于第一通气组件114a，空调的进气口连接于第二通气组件114b。
上文描述了本申请实施例的电池的箱体11、电池10和用电设备，下面将描述本申请实施例的制备电池的方法和设备，其中未详细描述的部分可参见前述各实施例。
图11示出了本申请一个实施例的制备电池的方法300的示意性流程图。如图11所示，该方法300可以包括如下步骤。
310，提供电池单体20。
320，提供箱体11，箱体11上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构113，压力平衡机构113用于平衡箱体11内外的压力，至少两个压力平衡机构113在箱体11外侧连 接通气组件114。
330，将电池单体20容纳于箱体11内。
其中，至少两个压力平衡机构113中的第一压力平衡机构113a连接的第一通气组件114a用于打开第一压力平衡机构113a，以向箱体11内输入气体，至少两个压力平衡机构113中的第二压力平衡机构113b连接的第二通气组件114b用于打开第二压力平衡机构113b，以将箱体11内的气体排出。
图12示出了本申请一个实施例的制备电池的设备400的示意性框图。如图12所示，制备电池的设备400可以包括：提供模块410和安装模块420。
提供模块410用于：提供电池单体20以及箱体11，箱体11上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构113，压力平衡机构113用于平衡箱体11内外的压力，至少两个压力平衡机构113在箱体11外侧连接通气组件114。
安装模块420用于将电池单体20容纳于箱体11内。
其中，至少两个压力平衡机构113中的第一压力平衡机构113a连接的第一通气组件114a用于打开第一压力平衡机构113a，以向箱体11内输入气体，至少两个压力平衡机构113中的第二压力平衡机构113b连接的第二通气组件114b用于打开第二压力平衡机构113b，以将箱体11内的气体排出。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述箱体(11)上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构(113)，所述压力平衡机构(113)用于平衡所述箱体(11)内外的压力，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)在所述箱体(11)外侧连接通气组件(114)；
    其中，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第一压力平衡机构(113a)连接的第一通气组件(114a)用于打开所述第一压力平衡机构(113a)，以向所述箱体(11)内输入气体，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第二压力平衡机构(113b)连接的第二通气组件(114b)用于打开所述第二压力平衡机构(113b)，以将所述箱体(11)内的气体排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述第一通气组件(114)用于连接空调的出气口，所述第二通气组件(114b)用于连接所述空调的进气口，以使所述箱体(11)内的气体进入所述空调的气流循环。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述第一压力平衡机构(113a)和所述第二压力平衡机构(113b)分别设置于所述箱体(11)的相对的两个壁上。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述通气组件(114)包括：
    磁铁(1142)，用于吸附所述压力平衡机构(113)的阀片(1131)；
    带动机构(1143)，连接于所述磁铁(1142)，所述带动机构(1143)用于带动所述磁铁(1142)向远离所述箱体(11)的方向移动，以使所述磁铁(1142)向远离所述箱体(11)的方向吸附所述压力平衡机构的阀片(1131)而打开所述压力平衡机构(113)；
    气流通道(1144)，所述气流通道(1144)在所述压力平衡机构(113)打开时与所述箱体(11)内部连通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述带动机构(1143)为旋转带动机构，所述带动机构(1143)向第一方向旋转时，所述带动机构(1143)带动 所述磁铁(1142)向远离所述箱体(11)的方向移动，所述带动机构(1143)向第二方向旋转时，所述带动机构(1143)带动所述磁铁(1142)向靠近所述箱体(11)的方向移动。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述通气组件(114)还包括：
    固定结构(1145)，用于沿平行于所述压力平衡机构(113)的阀片(1131)的方向连接或脱离所述压力平衡机构(113)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述压力平衡机构(113)上设置有与所述固定结构(1145)对应的凹槽(1135)，所述固定结构(1145)沿平行于所述压力平衡机构(113)的阀片(1131)的方向卡入所述凹槽(1135)以连接所述压力平衡机构(113)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述固定结构(1145)为与所述压力平衡机构(113)适配的中空的半圆柱型，以能够沿平行于所述压力平衡机构(113)的阀片(1131)的方向卡入所述凹槽(1135)。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述固定结构(1145)连接所述压力平衡机构(113)时，所述带动机构(1143)相对于所述固定结构(1145)移动，以带动所述磁铁(1142)向远离所述箱体(11)的方向移动而打开所述压力平衡机构(113)。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的箱体(11)，其特征在于，所述压力平衡机构(113)为泄压机构，所述泄压机构不连接所述通气组件(114)时用于在所述箱体(11)的内部压力达到阈值时致动以泄放所述内部压力。
  11. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    电池单体；以及
    根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的箱体(11)，其中，所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体(11)内。
  12. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括：根据权利要求11所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的用电设备，其特征在于，所述用电设备还包括空调，所述空调的出气口连接于所述第一通气组件(114a)，所述空调的进气口连接于所述第二通气组件(114b)。
  14. 一种制备电池的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供(310)电池单体(20)；
    提供(320)箱体(11)，所述箱体(11)上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构(113)，所述压力平衡机构(113)用于平衡所述箱体(11)内外的压力，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)在所述箱体(11)外侧连接通气组件(114)；
    将所述电池单体(20)容纳(330)于所述箱体(11)内；
    其中，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第一压力平衡机构(113a)连接的第一通气组件(114a)用于打开所述第一压力平衡机构(113a)，以向所述箱体(11)内输入气体，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第二压力平衡机构(113b)连接的第二通气组件(114b)(114)用于打开所述第二压力平衡机构(113b)，以将所述箱体(11)内的气体排出。
  15. 一种制备电池的设备，其特征在于，包括：
    提供模块(410)，用于提供电池单体(20)以及箱体(11)，
    所述箱体(11)上设置有至少两个压力平衡机构(113)，所述压力平衡机构用于平衡所述箱体(11)内外的压力，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)在所述箱体(11)外侧连接通气组件(114)；
    安装模块(420)，用于将所述电池单体(20)容纳(330)于所述箱体(11)内；
    其中，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第一压力平衡机构(113a)连接的第一通气组件(114a)用于打开所述第一压力平衡机构(113a)，以向所述箱体(11)内输入气体，所述至少两个压力平衡机构(113)中的第二压力平衡机构(113b)连接的第二通气组件(114b)(114)用于打开所述第二压力平衡机构(113b)，以将所述箱体(11)内的气体排出。
PCT/CN2021/109700 2021-07-30 2021-07-30 电池的箱体、电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备 Ceased WO2023004777A1 (zh)

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