WO2023024585A1 - 一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023024585A1
WO2023024585A1 PCT/CN2022/092491 CN2022092491W WO2023024585A1 WO 2023024585 A1 WO2023024585 A1 WO 2023024585A1 CN 2022092491 W CN2022092491 W CN 2022092491W WO 2023024585 A1 WO2023024585 A1 WO 2023024585A1
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Prior art keywords
subsection
negative electrode
positive electrode
substrate
positive
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PCT/CN2022/092491
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵德宝
陈军
李华
刘继宇
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Taizhou Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
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Taizhou Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to AU2022334031A priority Critical patent/AU2022334031B2/en
Priority to US18/686,527 priority patent/US20240372017A1/en
Priority to EP22859933.8A priority patent/EP4376103A4/en
Publication of WO2023024585A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023024585A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to AU2025223899A priority patent/AU2025223899B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • H10F77/219—Arrangements for electrodes of back-contact photovoltaic cells
    • H10F77/227—Arrangements for electrodes of back-contact photovoltaic cells for emitter wrap-through [EWT] photovoltaic cells, e.g. interdigitated emitter-base back-contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H10F19/908—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells for back-contact photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • H10F77/215—Geometries of grid contacts

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular to a solar battery sheet, a solar battery slice and a photovoltaic module.
  • the back contact (Interdigitated back contact, IBC) solar cell refers to the solar cell with no electrodes on the front of the cell, and the positive and negative electrodes are set on the back of the cell, so that the shielding of the electrode to the cell can be reduced, the short-circuit current of the cell can be increased, and the The energy conversion efficiency of the cell.
  • the back of the entire cell can contain multiple parallel and spaced positive busbar electrodes and negative busbar electrodes.
  • the positive main grid electrode and the negative main grid electrode in the battery sheet are turned on, and then two adjacent half battery sheets are connected to obtain a photovoltaic module.
  • the disclosure provides a solar battery sheet, a solar battery slice, and a photovoltaic module, so as to solve the problem of low production efficiency caused by complicated processes and cumbersome steps in the preparation process of the photovoltaic module in the prior art.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solar battery sheet, and the solar battery sheet includes:
  • the semiconductor substrate includes a first substrate subsection and a second substrate subsection symmetrically arranged along a centerline of the semiconductor substrate;
  • the positive electrode includes a first positive electrode subsection provided in the first substrate subsection, and a second positive electrode subsection provided in the second substrate subsection;
  • the negative electrode includes a first positive electrode subsection provided in the second substrate subsection; a first negative electrode subsection in the first substrate subsection, and a second negative electrode subsection disposed in the second substrate subsection;
  • the first positive electrode subsection and the first negative electrode subsection are arranged in parallel in the first substrate subsection; the second positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection are arranged in the first substrate subsection. Parallel arrangement in the second substrate division;
  • the extension directions of the first positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection coincide, and the first negative electrode subsection and the The extension directions of the second positive electrode subsections coincide.
  • the first positive electrode subsection includes a plurality of first positive electrode connection points for connecting with conductive wires, and first positive electrode connection grid lines connected to adjacent first positive electrode connection points, and the first positive electrode connection grid lines
  • a negative electrode subsection includes a plurality of first negative electrode connection points for connecting with conductive wires, and first negative electrode connection grid lines connected adjacent to the first negative electrode connection points;
  • the second positive electrode subsection includes a plurality of second positive electrode connection points for connecting with conductive wires, and a second positive electrode connection grid line connected to the adjacent second positive electrode connection points, and the second negative electrode subsection
  • the portion includes a plurality of second negative electrode connection points for connecting with conductive wires, and second negative electrode connection grid lines connected to adjacent second negative electrode connection points.
  • the positive electrode further includes a first positive electrode fine grid subsection disposed in the first substrate subsection, and a second positive electrode fine grid subsection disposed in the second substrate subsection;
  • the negative electrode further includes a first negative electrode fine grid subsection arranged in the first substrate subsection, and a second negative electrode fine grid subsection arranged in the second substrate subsection;
  • the first positive electrode fine grid subsection and the first negative electrode fine grid subsection are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, one end of the first positive electrode fine grid subsection is connected to the first positive electrode subsection, and the other end is connected to the first positive electrode subsection.
  • the first negative electrode subsection is separated by a first preset distance, one end of the first negative electrode fine grid subsection is connected to the first negative electrode subsection, and the other end is separated from the first positive electrode subsection by a first preset distance. 2. preset distance;
  • the second positive electrode fine grid subsection and the second negative electrode fine grid subsection are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, one end of the second positive electrode fine grid subsection is connected to the second positive electrode subsection, and the other end is connected to the second positive electrode subsection.
  • the second negative electrode subsection is separated by a third preset distance, one end of the second negative electrode fine grid subsection is connected to the second negative electrode subsection, and the other end is separated from the second positive electrode subsection by a third preset distance. Four preset distances.
  • the solar cell further includes: an insulating layer;
  • the insulating layer is disposed between adjacent first positive connection points, and covers a part of the first negative fine grid subsection between adjacent first positive connection points that is close to the first positive connection grid line ,
  • the insulating layer is disposed between the adjacent second positive connection points, and covers the second negative fine grid subsection between the adjacent second positive connection points and is close to the second positive connection grid line a part of,
  • the insulating layer is disposed between adjacent first negative connection points, and covers the first positive fine grid subsection between adjacent first negative connection points, and is close to the first negative connection grid line a part of,
  • the insulating layer is arranged between the adjacent second negative electrode connection points, and covers the second positive fine grid subsection between the adjacent second negative electrode connection points and is close to the second negative electrode connection grid line a part of.
  • the structure of the first positive connection point, the first negative connection point, the second positive connection point and the second negative connection point is a square structure, and the side length of the square structure is 600 -1500 mm;
  • the width of the first positive connection grid line, the first negative connection grid line, the second positive connection grid line and the second negative connection grid line is 150-400 mm;
  • the width of the first positive electrode fine grid subdivision and the second positive electrode fine grid subdivision is 60-200 mm;
  • the width of the first negative electrode fine grid subdivision and the second negative electrode fine grid subdivision is 20-60 mm.
  • first positive connection point and the second positive connection point include a central portion, and an outer edge portion disposed outside the central portion;
  • the structure of the central part is a square structure, and the side length of the central part is 600-1200 mm;
  • the inner contour of the outer edge part and the outer contour of the central part overlap each other, and the outer contour of the outer edge part and the inner contour are parallel to each other, and the side length of the outer contour of the outer edge part is 800- 1600 mm.
  • the central part is a silver electrode
  • the edge part is an aluminum electrode
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solar cell slice, and the solar cell slice includes: a first slice and a second slice obtained by cutting the above solar cell slice along the center line of the semiconductor substrate;
  • the semiconductor substrate includes a first substrate subsection and a second substrate subsection symmetrically arranged along a centerline of the semiconductor substrate;
  • the first slice includes the first substrate subsection, and a first positive electrode subsection and a first negative electrode subsection disposed in the first substrate subsection, the first positive electrode subsection and the first negative electrode subsection
  • the first negative electrode subsections are arranged in parallel;
  • the second slice includes the second substrate subsection, and a second positive electrode subsection and a second negative electrode subsection disposed in the second substrate subsection, the second positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection.
  • the second negative electrode subsections are arranged in parallel;
  • the extension directions of the first positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection coincide, and the first negative electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection
  • the extension directions of the positive electrode segments coincide.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module, including: a plurality of the above-mentioned solar cell slices and a plurality of conductive wires;
  • One end of one conductive wire is connected to the first positive electrode subsection in the first slice, the other end is connected to the second negative electrode subsection in the adjacent second slice, and one end of the other conductive wire
  • the first negative electrode subsection in the first subsection is connected, and the other end is connected with the second positive electrode subsection in the adjacent second subsection.
  • the photovoltaic module also includes a connection part
  • the connecting portion is disposed between the adjacent first slice and the second slice, the connecting portion extends along the center line of the semiconductor substrate, and connects the adjacent first slice and the second slice. conductive wires for electrical connection.
  • a solar cell sheet, a solar cell slice, and a photovoltaic module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure include: a semiconductor substrate, a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged on the backlight surface of the semiconductor substrate; The first substrate subsection and the second substrate subsection; the positive electrode includes a first positive electrode subsection disposed in the first substrate subsection, and a second positive electrode subsection disposed in the second substrate subsection; The electrodes include a first negative electrode subdivision disposed in the first substrate subdivision, and a second negative electrode subdivision disposed in the second substrate subdivision; the first positive electrode subdivision and the first negative electrode subdivision The first substrate subdivision is arranged in parallel; the second positive electrode subdivision and the second negative electrode subdivision are arranged in parallel in the second substrate subdivision; in the first substrate subdivision and the second substrate subsection, the first positive electrode subsection The extension direction of the first negative electrode subsection coincides with the extension direction of the second positive electrode subsection.
  • two slices can be obtained by cutting the solar battery sheet along the center line, since the first positive electrode portion and the second substrate portion respectively correspond to the two slices
  • the extension directions of the negative electrode subsections are coincident and can be connected to the two ends of the conductive wire respectively; the extension directions of the first negative electrode subsection and the second positive electrode subsection are coincident and can be respectively connected to the two ends of another conductive wire.
  • the two slices can be directly connected in series through conductive wires, without needing to rotate and align one of the slices, thereby simplifying the process steps and improving the production efficiency and yield of photovoltaic modules.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of a solar cell slice in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell slice in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of another solar cell slice in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar battery sheet in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the solar cell may include: a semiconductor substrate 10 , a positive electrode and a negative electrode disposed on the backlight surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 .
  • the semiconductor substrate 10 may include a first substrate subsection 11 and a second substrate subsection 12 arranged symmetrically along the center line AB of the semiconductor substrate 10, and correspondingly, the positive electrode may include a first substrate subsection 11 arranged in the first substrate subsection 11. A positive electrode subsection 21, and a second positive electrode subsection 22 disposed in the second substrate subsection 12; the negative electrode may include a first negative electrode subsection 31 disposed in the first substrate subsection 11, and a set A second negative electrode subsection 32 in the second substrate subsection 12 .
  • the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the first negative electrode subsection 31 are arranged in parallel, and the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the first negative electrode subsection 31 are arranged along the Extend in the direction intersecting with the central line AB, further, the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the first negative electrode subsection 31 may be perpendicular to the central line AB; in the second substrate subsection 12 of the solar battery sheet, the second positive The electrode subsection 22 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 are arranged in parallel, and the second positive electrode subsection 22 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 extend along a direction intersecting the central line AB. Further, the second positive electrode subsection 22 And the second negative electrode subsection 32 may be perpendicular to the central line AB.
  • the first positive electrode subsection 21 located in the first substrate subsection 11 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 located in the second substrate main section 12 The extension directions are coincident and can be respectively connected to the two ends of the conductive lines; the extension directions of the first negative electrode subsection 31 located in the first substrate subsection 11 and the second positive electrode subsection 22 located in the second substrate main part 12 coincide , can be respectively connected with the two ends of another conductive wire.
  • the solar battery sheet can be cut along the central line AB to obtain two battery slices.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the connection of a solar cell slice in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Two cell slices can be obtained by cutting the above solar cell slice along the center line AB using laser non-destructive cutting: the first slice 81 and the second segment 82, the first segment 81 and the second segment 82 obtained by cutting correspond to the first substrate subsection 11 and the second substrate subsection 12 respectively, and the first positive electrode in the first substrate subsection 11
  • the extending directions of the subsection 21 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 in the second substrate subsection 12 are coincident, and the first negative electrode subsection 31 in the first substrate subsection 11 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 in the second substrate subsection 12
  • the extending directions of the positive electrode subsections 31 coincide.
  • a conductive wire (welding ribbon) 90 can be directly arranged between the two battery segments.
  • One end of the conductive wire 90 is connected to the first positive electrode subsection 21 in the first segment 81, and the other One end is connected to the second negative electrode subsection 32 in the second segment 82, thereby conducting the two cell segments.
  • the second segment 82 can also be connected to another first segment 81 obtained by cutting another solar cell sheet through the conductive wire 90 .
  • one end of the conductive wire 90 is connected to the second positive electrode subsection 22 in the second subsection 82, and the other end is connected to the first negative electrode subsection 31 in the other first subsection 81, thereby conducting the two battery slices. Then connect multiple solar cell slices to assemble photovoltaic modules.
  • the battery sheet has a rectangular structure with four chamfers
  • each battery slice has two chamfers
  • one of the battery slices is rotated by 180°
  • the two chamfers of each cell slice in the photovoltaic module are located at the same position and arranged in the same direction, which makes the appearance of the photovoltaic module not beautiful.
  • the overall appearance of the first segment 81 and the second segment 82 connected by the conductive wire 90 is basically the same as the appearance of the solar cell before cutting, and the four chamfers are all located at the solar cell. The four top corners of the cell have a better visual effect.
  • the present disclosure includes: a semiconductor substrate, a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged on the backlight surface of the semiconductor substrate; Two substrate subsections; the positive electrode includes a first positive electrode subsection arranged in the first substrate subsection, and a second positive electrode subsection arranged in the second substrate subsection; the negative electrode includes a first positive electrode subsection arranged in the first substrate subsection The first negative electrode subsection in the section, and the second negative electrode subsection arranged in the second substrate subsection; the first positive electrode subsection and the first negative electrode subsection are arranged in parallel in the first substrate subsection; The second positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection are arranged in parallel in the second substrate subsection; in the first substrate subsection and the second substrate subsection, the first positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection The extending directions coincide, and the extending directions of the first negative electrode subsection and the second positive electrode subsection coincide.
  • two slices can be obtained by cutting the solar battery sheet along the center line, since the first positive electrode portion and the second substrate portion respectively correspond to the two slices
  • the extension directions of the negative electrode subsections are coincident and can be connected to the two ends of the conductive wire respectively; the extension directions of the first negative electrode subsection and the second positive electrode subsection are coincident and can be respectively connected to the two ends of another conductive wire.
  • the two slices can be directly connected in series through conductive wires, without needing to rotate and align one of the slices, thereby simplifying the process steps and improving the production efficiency and yield of photovoltaic modules.
  • the first positive electrode subsection 21 may include a plurality of first positive electrode connection points 211 for connecting with conductive lines, and connect adjacent first positive electrode connection points
  • the first positive electrode of 211 is connected to the gate line 212
  • the first negative electrode subsection 31 may include a plurality of first negative electrode connection points 311 for connecting with conductive lines, and the first negative electrode connection points 311 connected to adjacent first negative electrode connection points 311.
  • the second positive electrode subsection 22 may include a plurality of second positive electrode connection points 221 for connecting with conductive wires, and a second positive electrode connected to adjacent second positive electrode connection points 221.
  • the second negative electrode subsection 32 may include a plurality of second negative electrode connection points 321 for connecting with conductive lines, and a second negative electrode connection grid line 322 connecting adjacent second negative electrode connection points 321 .
  • the first positive connection point 211, the first negative connection point 311, the second positive connection point 221 and the second negative connection point may serve as a pad to be bonded to the ribbon so that the ribbon extends along the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the second negative electrode subsection 32, or along the first negative electrode subsection 31 and the second positive electrode subsection 22 .
  • the positive electrode in the solar cell further includes a first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 arranged in the first substrate subsection 11 , a second positive electrode fine grid subsection arranged in the second substrate subsection 12 24 ;
  • the negative electrode further includes a first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 arranged in the first substrate subsection 11 , and a second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34 arranged in the second substrate subsection 12 .
  • first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 and the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, that is, the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 and the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 are intersected in a finger shape, and One end of the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 is connected to the first positive electrode subsection 21, and the other end is separated from the first negative electrode subsection 31 by a first preset distance.
  • the negative electrode subsection 31 is connected, and the other end is separated from the first positive electrode subsection 21 by a second preset distance; correspondingly, the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 and the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart, That is, the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 and the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 are arranged in a finger-like intersecting manner, and the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 One end of the second negative electrode subsection 34 is connected to the second positive electrode subsection 22, the other end is separated from the second negative electrode subsection 32 by a third preset distance, one end of the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34 is connected to the second negative electrode subsection 32, and the other One end is separated from the second positive electrode subsection 22 by a fourth predetermined distance.
  • the first anode fine grid subsection 23 is distributed on the surface of the first substrate subsection 11, it is used to collect the positive charge generated on the surface of the first substrate subsection 11.
  • carriers, and the collected positively charged carriers are transported and converged to the first positive electrode subsection 21, that is, a current is formed in the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 and the first positive electrode subsection 21 and converging;
  • the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 is also distributed on the surface of the first substrate subsection 11, and is used to collect the negatively charged carriers generated on the surface of the first substrate subsection 11, and the collected negatively charged carriers
  • the carriers are transported and converged to the first negative electrode subsection 31 , that is, currents are formed and converged in the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 and the first negative electrode subsection 31 .
  • the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 is connected to the first positive electrode subsection 21 and is separated from the first negative electrode subsection 31 by a first preset distance, that is, one end of the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 is connected to the first positive electrode subsection 21.
  • the electrode subsection 21 is connected, and the other end is separated from the first negative electrode subsection 31 by a first preset distance, so as to realize disconnection with the first negative electrode subsection 31 and avoid short circuit;
  • the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 Connected to the first negative electrode subsection 31 and separated from the first positive electrode subsection 21 by a second preset distance, that is, one end of the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 is connected to the first negative electrode subsection 31, and the other end is connected to the first negative electrode subsection 31.
  • the second preset distance is separated from the first positive electrode subsection 21 to realize disconnection with the first positive electrode subsection 21 and avoid short circuit.
  • the second anode fine grid subsection 24 is distributed on the surface of the second substrate subsection 12, it is used to collect positively charged carriers generated on the surface of the second substrate subsection 12. , and the collected positively charged carriers are transported and gathered to the second positive electrode subsection 22, that is, a current is formed and gathered in the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 and the second positive electrode subsection 22;
  • the two negative electrode fine grid subsections 34 are also distributed on the surface of the second substrate subsection 12, and are used to collect the negatively charged carriers generated on the surface of the second substrate subsection 12, and transfer the collected negatively charged carriers to the surface of the second substrate subsection 12.
  • the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 is connected to the second positive electrode subsection 22 and is separated from the second negative electrode subsection 32 by a third predetermined distance, that is, one end of the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 is connected to the second positive electrode subsection 22 .
  • the electrode subsection 22 is connected, and the other end is separated from the second negative electrode subsection 32 by a third preset distance, so as to realize disconnection with the second negative electrode subsection 32 and avoid short circuit; the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34 Connected to the second negative electrode subsection 32 and separated from the second positive electrode subsection 22 by a fourth preset distance, that is, one end of the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34 is connected to the second negative electrode subsection 32, and the other end is connected to the second negative electrode subsection 32. It is separated from the second positive electrode subsection 22 by a fourth preset distance to realize disconnection with the second positive electrode subsection 22 and avoid short circuit.
  • the first preset distance, the second preset distance, the third preset distance and the fourth preset distance may be equal or unequal, the first preset distance, the second preset distance, the third preset distance And the fourth preset distance may be the distance between the positive electrode subsection and the fine grid subsection of opposite polarity when no short circuit occurs.
  • the slight offset of the welding ribbon is It will cause the welding strip to contact with the fine grid subsection of the opposite sex, thereby causing a short circuit.
  • the fine grid subsection 33 is in contact, and then the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 are connected. carriers, causing a short circuit. It can be seen that when using ribbons to interconnect solar cell slices to form photovoltaic modules, the positioning accuracy and operation requirements for ribbon welding are relatively high, resulting in a low yield rate of the prepared photovoltaic modules.
  • the solar cell sheet may also include an insulating layer 50.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of a solar cell slice in an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is arranged between adjacent first positive electrode connection points 211 and covers a part of the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 between adjacent first positive electrode connection points 211 that is close to the first positive electrode connection grid line 212, that is, the insulating layer 50 covers Therefore, the insulating layer 50 can play a role of isolating the first negative fine grid subsection 33 and the first positive connection gate line 212.
  • the insulating layer 50 can be disposed adjacent to the first negative electrode connection point 311, and cover the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 between the adjacent first negative electrode connection points 311 and a part close to the first negative electrode connection grid line 312, that is, the insulating layer 50 covers the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 The part closest to the first negative electrode connection grid line 312, therefore, the insulating layer 50 can play the role of isolating the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 and the first negative electrode connection grid line 312, so that when the solar energy is interconnected by using a ribbon When the battery constitutes
  • the subsections 23 are in contact with each other, so as to avoid conduction between the first negative electrode subsection 31 and the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 . That is, the insulating layer 50 can avoid forming a short circuit between the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33, and between the first negative electrode subsection 31 and the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23, thereby reducing The positioning accuracy and operation requirements during ribbon welding can improve the yield rate of the finally prepared photovoltaic modules.
  • the insulating layer 50 may be disposed between adjacent second positive electrode connection points 221 and cover the second negative electrode fine grid subsection between adjacent second positive electrode connection points 221 34 is close to a part of the second anode connection gate line 222, that is, the insulating layer 50 covers a part of the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34 that is closest to the second anode connection gate line 222.
  • the insulation layer 50 can play a role in isolating the first
  • the function of the two negative electrode fine grid subsections 34 and the second positive electrode connection grid line 222 so that when solar cells are interconnected by solder ribbons to form a photovoltaic module, even if it is arranged at the position corresponding to the second positive electrode subsection 22 and connected to the second positive electrode
  • the welding strip connected to the connection point 221 is offset to a certain extent, and it will not cause the welding strip to contact the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34, thereby avoiding the conduction between the second positive electrode subsection 22 and the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34; or, the insulating layer 50 may be disposed between adjacent second negative electrode connection points 321, and cover the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 between adjacent second negative electrode connection points 321 close to the second negative electrode connection grid line 322 A part, that is, the insulating layer 50 covers the part of the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 that is closest to the second negative electrode connection gate line 322, therefore, the insulating layer 50 can play a role in
  • the insulating layer 50 can avoid forming a short circuit between the second positive electrode subsection 22 and the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34, and between the second negative electrode subsection 32 and the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24, thereby reducing
  • the positioning accuracy and operation requirements during ribbon welding can improve the yield rate of the finally prepared photovoltaic modules.
  • the first positive electrode connection point 211 and the first negative electrode connection point 311 located on the boundary of the solar cell slice can also be set between the boundary of the solar cell slice Insulation layer 50, and because the offset of the conductive wires in the boundary area of the solar cell slice is generally larger, therefore, the insulation provided between the first positive electrode connection point 211 and the first negative electrode connection point 311 and the boundary of the solar cell sheet
  • the dimension (width) of the layer 50 parallel to the center line AB of the semiconductor substrate 10 is greater than that of the insulating layer 50 arranged between the adjacent two first positive connection points 211 and the adjacent two first negative connection points 311 along the direction parallel to the semiconductor substrate 10.
  • the size (width) of the center line AB of the substrate 10 can improve the connection reliability of the conductive lines.
  • the insulating layer 50 located between two adjacent first anode connection points 211, and between the first anode connection point 211 and the boundary of the solar cell segment can simultaneously cover the first anode connection grid line 212, and the first The positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 is close to a part of the first positive electrode connection gate line 212, so that the insulating layer 50 between the adjacent two first positive electrode connection points 211 forms an integral structure; Between, and the insulating layer 50 between the first negative connection point 311 and the boundary of the solar cell segment can cover the first negative connection grid line 312 at the same time, and the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 24 is close to the first negative connection grid line 312, so that the insulating layer 50 between two adjacent first negative connection points 311 forms an integral structure.
  • the dimension (width) of the insulating layer 50 parallel to the centerline AB of the semiconductor substrate 10 is greater than the dimension (width) of the first positive connection point 211 and the first negative connection point 311 parallel to the centerline AB of the semiconductor substrate 10 ( width), which is also greater than the dimension (width) of the conductive line along the center line AB parallel to the semiconductor substrate 10 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of another solar cell slice in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • this cell slice it is located between two adjacent first positive connection points 211, and the first
  • the insulating layer 50 between the positive electrode connection point 211 and the boundary of the solar cell segment only covers a part of the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 close to the first positive electrode connection grid line 212, but does not cover the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 close to A part of the first positive connection grid line 212 and the first positive connection grid line 212, so that the insulating layer 50 constitutes a distributed structure; between two adjacent first negative connection points 311, and the first negative connection point 311 and solar energy
  • the insulating layer 50 between the boundaries of the battery slices only covers a part of the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 close to the first negative electrode connection grid line 312, but does not cover the first negative electrode fine grid subdivision 33 near the first negative electrode connection grid line A part of 312 and the first negative electrode are connected to the gate line 312, so that the insulating layer 50 forms a distributed
  • a plurality of dispersed insulating layers 50 are sequentially arranged along a direction perpendicular to the centerline of the semiconductor substrate 10 .
  • the structures of the first positive connection point 211, the first negative connection point 311, the second positive connection point 221, and the second negative connection point 321 in the solar cell can be a square structure, and the square structure
  • the side length can be 600-1500 mm.
  • the width of the first anode connection grid line 212 , the first cathode connection grid line 312 , the second anode connection grid line 222 and the second cathode connection grid line 322 in the solar battery sheet may be 150-400 mm.
  • the width of the first positive electrode fine grid subsection 23 and the second positive electrode fine grid subsection 24 in the solar battery sheet can be 60-200 millimeters, and the width of the first negative electrode fine grid subsection 33 and the second negative electrode fine grid subsection 34 The width can be 20-60 mm.
  • the first positive connection point 211 may include a central portion 2111, and an outer edge portion 2112 disposed outside the central portion 2111, wherein the structure of the central portion 2111 may be a square structure, and the sides of the central portion 2111
  • the length can be 600-1200 millimeters
  • the outer contour of the outer edge portion 2112 and the inner contour are parallel to each other
  • the side length of the outer contour of the outer edge portion 2112 can be For 800-1600 mm.
  • the second positive connection point 221 may have the same structure as the first positive connection point 211 .
  • the central part 2111 can be a silver electrode prepared by using silver paste
  • the outer edge part 2112 can be an aluminum electrode prepared by using aluminum paste, so that the amount of silver used can be reduced to save costs.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a semiconductor region 70 including a first semiconductor region and a second semiconductor region is formed thereon.
  • the positive electrode in the solar cell is set on the side of the first semiconductor region away from the silicon substrate 60
  • the negative electrode is set on the side of the second semiconductor region away from the silicon substrate 60 .
  • the first semiconductor region may be a P-type semiconductor region formed by a P-type diffusion region formed on the backlight surface of the silicon substrate 60
  • the second semiconductor region may be an N-type semiconductor region formed by an N-type diffusion region formed on the backlight surface of the silicon substrate 60
  • the positive electrode of the solar cell is arranged on the P-type semiconductor region on the backlight surface of the semiconductor substrate 10
  • the negative electrode is arranged on the N-type semiconductor region on the backlight surface of the semiconductor substrate 10 .
  • the first semiconductor region can be continuously arranged on the silicon substrate 60 corresponding to the first anode connection point 211 and the second anode connection point 221, so that the adjacent first anode connection point 211 passes through the second anode connection point.
  • An anode connection gate line 212, and the adjacent second anode connection point 221 are connected through the second anode connection gate line 222;
  • the second semiconductor region can be connected to the first cathode connection point 311 and the second cathode connection point 321 on the silicon substrate 60
  • Corresponding regions are arranged continuously, so that the adjacent first negative connection points 311 are connected by the first negative connection grid lines 312 , and the adjacent second negative connection points 321 are connected by the second negative connection grid lines 322 .
  • the first semiconductor region located at the border of the silicon substrate 60 and the second semiconductor region may be disposed discontinuously.
  • the insulating layer 50 disposed between two adjacent first negative electrode connection points 311 may be spaced from the first negative electrode connection point 311 by a certain distance. Referring to FIG. The insulating layer 50 between the first negative electrode connection points 311 can also be connected with the first negative electrode connection points 311, that is, the insulating layer 50 completely fills the area between the first negative electrode connection points 311, thereby completely avoiding the Conductive lines 90 are in contact with fine grid electrodes of opposite polarity.
  • the present disclosure includes: a semiconductor substrate, a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged on the backlight surface of the semiconductor substrate; Two substrate subsections; the positive electrode includes a first positive electrode subsection arranged in the first substrate subsection, and a second positive electrode subsection arranged in the second substrate subsection; the negative electrode includes a first positive electrode subsection arranged in the first substrate subsection The first negative electrode subsection in the section, and the second negative electrode subsection arranged in the second substrate subsection; the first positive electrode subsection and the first negative electrode subsection are arranged in parallel in the first substrate subsection; The second positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection are arranged in parallel in the second substrate subsection; in the first substrate subsection and the second substrate subsection, the first positive electrode subsection and the second negative electrode subsection The extending directions coincide, and the extending directions of the first negative electrode subsection and the second positive electrode subsection coincide.
  • two slices can be obtained by cutting the solar cell sheet along the center line, since the first positive electrode portion and the second substrate portion respectively correspond to the two slices
  • the extension directions of the negative electrode subsections are coincident and can be respectively connected to the two ends of the conductive wire; the extension directions of the first negative electrode subsection and the second positive electrode subsection are coincident and can be respectively connected to the two ends of another conductive wire.
  • the two segments can be directly connected in series through conductive wires, without needing to rotate and align one of the segments, thereby simplifying the process steps and improving the production efficiency and yield of photovoltaic modules.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a solar cell slice, including a first slice and a second slice obtained by cutting the solar cell slice along the center line of the semiconductor substrate.
  • the semiconductor substrate 10 includes a first substrate subsection 11 and a second substrate subsection 12 symmetrically arranged along the center line AB of the semiconductor substrate 10 .
  • the above-mentioned solar cells can be cut along the center line AB by laser non-destructive cutting to obtain two cell segments: the first segment 81 and the second segment 82, and the first segment 81 and the second segment obtained by cutting 82 corresponds to the first substrate subsection 11 and the second substrate subsection 12, respectively.
  • the first slice 81 includes the first substrate subsection 11, and the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the first negative electrode subsection 31 arranged in the first substrate subsection 11, the first positive electrode subsection 21 and the first negative electrode subsection 31.
  • the first negative electrode subsection 31 is arranged in parallel;
  • the second slice 82 includes the second substrate subsection 12, and the second positive electrode subsection 22 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 arranged in the second substrate subsection 12, The second positive electrode subsection 22 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 are arranged in parallel.
  • the extending direction of the first positive electrode subsection 21 located in the first subsection 81 and the second negative electrode subsection 32 located in the second subsection 82 are coincident, and can be respectively connected to the two ends of the conductive wire 90.
  • the extension directions of the first negative electrode subsection 31 in the first segment 81 and the second positive electrode subsection 22 in the second subsection 82 are coincident, and can be respectively connected to two ends of another conductive wire 90 .
  • a conductive wire (welding ribbon) 90 can be directly arranged between the two battery slices, and one end of the conductive wire 90 is connected to the first slice in the first slice 81
  • One positive electrode subsection 21 is connected, and the other end is connected with the second negative electrode subsection 32 in the second subsection 82, so as to conduct the two battery subsections.
  • the second segment 82 can also be connected to another first segment 81 obtained by cutting another solar cell sheet through the conductive wire 90 .
  • one end of the conductive wire 90 is connected to the second positive electrode subsection 22 in the second subsection 82, and the other end is connected to the first negative electrode subsection 31 in the other first subsection 81, thereby conducting the two battery slices. Then connect multiple solar cell slices to assemble photovoltaic modules.
  • the cut solar cell slice is significantly smaller than the size of the solar cell sheet, so the current generated by each cell slice is smaller than that of the entire solar cell slice, and the cut solar cell slice is preferably The slice is half the size of an undivided solar cell slice, so that the power loss caused by the series resistance of the conductive wire connection can be reduced to a quarter of the original.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned solar cell slices and a plurality of conductive wires.
  • the first slice 81 and the second slice 82 in a plurality of solar cell slices are arranged at intervals, and one end of a conductive wire 90 is connected to the first positive electrode subsection 21 of 81 in the first slice, and the other end is Connect the second negative electrode subsection 32 in the adjacent second sub-sheet 82, one end of another conductive line 90 is connected to the first negative electrode sub-section 31 in the first sub-sheet 81, and the other end is connected to the adjacent second sub-section 81.
  • the second positive electrode subsection 22 in the slice 82 conducts the two battery slices, and further collects the current generated and collected in the solar cell slices.
  • the photovoltaic module may further include a connection part 100, which is arranged between the adjacent first segment 81 and the second segment 82, extends along the center line of the semiconductor substrate, and connects the adjacent first segment 81 and the second segment 82.
  • the conductive lines 90 of one segment 81 and the second segment 82 are electrically connected.
  • connection material 100 may be made of the same material as the conductive wire 90 , for example, a metal material mainly containing copper, such as a tinned copper solder strip, is used.
  • the connecting material 100 electrically connects the plurality of conductive wires 90 connecting the first segment 81 and the second segment 82, which provides an additional current path. Flowing to adjacent cell slices through these nearby channels reduces the current mismatch and improves the output of the module.
  • the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, and of course also by hardware, but in many cases the former is better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk, CD) contains several instructions to enable a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a terminal which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.

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Abstract

本公开提供的一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件，包括：半导体基板、设置在半导体基板背光面上的正电极和负电极；半导体基板包括沿中心线对称设置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部。本公开中，将太阳能电池片沿中心线切割得到两个分片，由于两个分片分别对应的第一基板分部和第二基板分部中，第一正电极分部和第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与导电线的两端连接，第一负电极分部和第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与另一导电线的两端连接，因此两个分片在切割之后可以通过导电线直接进行串联连接，不需要将其中的一个分片进行旋转及对准操作，从而简化了工艺操作步骤，提高了光伏组件的生产效率和成品率。

Description

一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件
本申请要求在2021年8月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为202122018861.0、发明名称为“一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及光伏技术领域，特别是涉及一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件。
背景技术
背接触(Interdigitated back contact，IBC)太阳能电池是指电池片正面无电极，正负电极均设置在电池片背面的太阳能电池，从而可以减少电极对电池片的遮挡，增加电池片的短路电流，提高电池片的能量转化效率。
现有的背接触太阳能电池片中，整片的电池片背面可以包含多条平行、间隔分布的正极主栅电极和负极主栅电极，在将多个电池片组装得到光伏组件的过程中，需要将整片的电池片沿垂直于正极主栅电极和负极主栅电极的方向切割成半片电池片，再将其中一个半片电池片旋转180度，并对相邻两个半片电池片进行对准操作，使得相邻两个半片电池片中，一个半片电池片中的正极主栅电极与另一个半片电池片中的负极主栅电极的延伸方向重合，从而可以利用焊带将相邻的两个半片电池片中的正极主栅电极和负极主栅电极导通，进而连接相邻两个半片电池片得到光伏组件。
但是，在现有技术中，在利用焊带连接相邻两个半片电池片时，需要将其中一个半片电池片旋转180度，同时，需要对相邻两个半片电池片中对应的正极主栅电极和负极主栅电极进行对准操作，导致光伏组件的制备过程工艺复杂、步骤繁琐，从而降低了其生产效率。
概述
本公开提供一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件，以解决现 有技术中光伏组件的制备过程工艺复杂、步骤繁琐导致的生产效率较低的问题。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种太阳能电池片，所述太阳能电池片包括：
半导体基板、设置在所述半导体基板背光面上的正电极和负电极；
所述半导体基板包括沿所述半导体基板的中心线对称设置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部；
所述正电极包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一正电极分部，以及设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二正电极分部；所述负电极包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一负电极分部，以及设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二负电极分部；
所述第一正电极分部和所述第一负电极分部在所述第一基板分部中平行设置；所述第二正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部在所述第二基板分部中平行设置；
所述第一基板分部和所述第二基板分部中，所述第一正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，所述第一负电极分部和所述第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。
可选地，所述第一正电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第一正极连接点，以及连接相邻所述第一正极连接点的第一正极连接栅线，所述第一负电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第一负极连接点，以及连接相邻所述第一负极连接点的第一负极连接栅线；
所述第二正电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第二正极连接点，以及连接相邻所述第二正极连接点的第二正极连接栅线，所述第二负电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第二负极连接点，以及连接相邻所述第二负极连接点的第二负极连接栅线。
可选地，所述正电极还包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一正极细栅分部、设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二正极细栅分部；所述负电极还包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一负极细栅分部、设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二负极细栅分部；
所述第一正极细栅分部和所述第一负极细栅分部相互平行且间隔设置，所述第一正极细栅分部的一端与所述第一正电极分部连接、另一端与所述第一负电极分部间隔第一预设距离，所述第一负极细栅分部的一端与所述第一负电极分部连接、另一端与所述第一正电极分部间隔第二预设距离；
所述第二正极细栅分部和所述第二负极细栅分部相互平行且间隔设置，所述第二正极细栅分部的一端与所述第二正电极分部连接、另一端与所述第二负电极分部间隔第三预设距离，所述第二负极细栅分部的一端与所述第二负电极分部连接、另一端与所述第二正电极分部间隔第四预设距离。
可选地，所述太阳能电池片还包括：绝缘层；
所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第一正极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第一正极连接点之间的第一负极细栅分部靠近所述第一正极连接栅线的一部分，
或，所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第二正极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第二正极连接点之间的第二负极细栅分部靠近所述第二正极连接栅线的一部分，
或，所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第一负极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第一负极连接点之间的第一正极细栅分部靠近所述第一负极连接栅线的一部分，
或，所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第二负极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第二负极连接点之间的第二正极细栅分部靠近所述第二负极连接栅线的一部分。
可选地，所述第一正极连接点、所述第一负极连接点、所述第二正极连接点和所述第二负极连接点的结构为正方形结构，所述正方形结构的边长为600-1500毫米；
所述第一正极连接栅线、所述第一负极连接栅线、所述第二正极连接栅线和所述第二负极连接栅线的宽度为150-400毫米；
所述第一正极细栅分部和所述第二正极细栅分部的宽度为60-200毫米；
所述第一负极细栅分部和所述第二负极细栅分部的宽度为20-60毫米。
可选地，所述第一正极连接点和所述第二正极连接点包括中心部，以及设置在所述中心部外侧的外缘部；
所述中心部的结构为正方形结构，所述中心部的边长为600-1200毫米；
所述外缘部的内轮廓与所述中心部的外轮廓相互重叠，且所述外缘部的外轮廓与所述内轮廓相互平行，所述外缘部的外轮廓的边长为800-1600毫米。
可选地，所述中心部为银电极，所述边缘部为铝电极。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供了一种太阳能电池分片，所述太阳能电池分片包括：将上述太阳能电池片沿半导体基板的中心线切割后得到的第一分片和第二分片；
所述半导体基板包括沿所述半导体基板的中心线对称设置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部；
所述第一分片包括所述第一基板分部，以及设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一正电极分部和第一负电极分部，所述第一正电极分部和所述第一负电极分部平行设置；
所述第二分片包括所述第二基板分部，以及设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二正电极分部和第二负电极分部，所述第二正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部平行设置；
所述第一分片和所述第二分片中，所述第一正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，所述第一负电极分部和所述第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。
第三方面，本公开实施例提供了一种光伏组件，包括：多个上述太阳能电池分片和多条导电线；
多个太阳能电池分片中的第一分片和第二分片间隔设置；
一条所述导电线的一端连接所述第一分片中的第一正电极分部，另一端连接相邻的第二分片中的第二负电极分部，另一条所述导电线的一端连接所述第一分片中的第一负电极分部，另一端连接相邻的第二分片中的第二正电极分部。
可选地，所述光伏组件还包括连接部；
所述连接部设置在相邻的第一分片和第二分片之间，所述连接部沿半导体基板的中心线延伸，且与连接所述相邻的第一分片和第二分片的导电线电 连接。
本公开实施例提供的一种太阳能电池片、太阳能电池分片及光伏组件，包括：半导体基板、设置在半导体基板背光面上的正电极和负电极；半导体基板包括沿半导体基板的中心线对称设置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部；正电极包括设置在第一基板分部中的第一正电极分部，以及设置在第二基板分部中的第二正电极分部；负电极包括设置在第一基板分部中的第一负电极分部，以及设置在第二基板分部中的第二负电极分部；第一正电极分部和第一负电极分部在第一基板分部中平行设置；第二正电极分部和第二负电极分部在第二基板分部中平行设置；第一基板分部和第二基板分部中，第一正电极分部和第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，第一负电极分部和第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。本公开中，可以通过将太阳能电池片沿中心线切割得到两个分片，由于两个分片分别对应的第一基板分部和第二基板分部中，第一正电极分部和第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与导电线的两端连接，第一负电极分部和第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与另一导电线的两端连接，因此两个分片在切割之后可以通过导电线直接进行串联连接，不需要将其中的一个分片进行旋转及对准操作，从而简化了工艺操作步骤，提高了光伏组件的生产效率和成品率。
附图简述
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对本公开实施例的描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池片的结构示意图；
图2示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池分片的连接示意图；
图3示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池分片的结构示意图；
图4示出了本公开实施例中的另一种太阳能电池分片的结构示意图；
图5示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池片的截面示意图。
详细描述
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
参照图1，图1示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池片的结构示意图，太阳能电池片可以包括：半导体基板10、设置在半导体基板10背光面上的正电极和负电极。
其中，半导体基板10可以包括沿半导体基板10的中心线AB对称设置的第一基板分部11和第二基板分部12，相应地，正电极可以包括设置在第一基板分部11中的第一正电极分部21，以及设置在第二基板分部12中的第二正电极分部22；负电极可以包括设置在第一基板分部11中的第一负电极分部31，以及设置在第二基板分部12中的第二负电极分部32。
具体的，在太阳能电池片的第一基板分部11中，第一正电极分部21和第一负电极分部31平行设置，第一正电极分部21和第一负电极分部31沿与中心线AB相交的方向延伸，进一步的，第一正电极分部21和第一负电极分部31可以与中心线AB垂直；在太阳能电池片的第二基板分部12中，第二正电极分部22和第二负电极分部32平行设置，第二正电极分部22和第二负电极分部32沿与中心线AB相交的方向延伸，进一步的，第二正电极分部22和第二负电极分部32可以与中心线AB垂直。同时，第一基板分部11和第二基板分部12中，位于第一基板分部11中的第一正电极分部21和位于第二基板本部12中的第二负电极分部32的延伸方向重合，可以分别与导电线的两端连接；位于第一基板分部11中的第一负电极分部31和位于第二基板本部12中的第二正电极分部22的延伸方向重合，可以分别与另一导电线的两端连接。
在本公开实施例中，可以将上述太阳能电池片沿中心线AB切割得到两个电池分片。
参照图2，图2示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池分片的连接示 意图，将上述太阳能电池片沿中心线AB采用激光无损切割可以得到两个电池分片：第一分片81和第二分片82，切割得到的第一分片81和第二分片82分别对应第一基板分部11和第二基板分部12，第一基板分部11中的第一正电极分部21和第二基板分部12中的第二负电极分部32的延伸方向重合，第一基板分部11中的第一负电极分部31和第二基板分部12中的第二正电极分部31的延伸方向重合。
因此，在切割之后，无需将其中一个电池分片进行180度旋转和对准操作，而是在将太阳能电池片切割之后，不改变两个电池分片的位置，即不需要将其中的一个分片进行旋转及对准操作，可以直接在两个电池分片之间设置导电线(焊带)90，导电线90的一端与第一分片81中的第一正电极分部21连接，另一端与第二分片82中的第二负电极分部32连接，从而导通两个电池分片。
相应地，第二分片82同样也可以通过导电线90连接另外一个太阳能电池片切割后得到的另一个第一分片81。具体的，导电线90的一端与第二分片82中的第二正电极分部22连接，另一端与另一个第一分片81中的第一负电极分部31连接，从而导通两个电池分片。进而连接多个太阳能电池分片，组装得到光伏组件。
此外，当电池片为带有四个倒角的矩形结构时，若将电池片切割得到两个电池分片时，每个电池分片具有两个倒角，且将其中一个电池分片旋转180度组装成光伏组件之后，光伏组件中每个电池分片中的两个倒角均位于同一位置，朝向同一方向排列，使得光伏组件的外观不够美观。参照图2，在本公开实施例中，通过导电线90连接的第一分片81和第二分片82的整体外观，与切割前太阳能电池片的外观基本一致，四个倒角均位于太阳能电池片的四个顶角位置，从而具有更好的视觉效果。
综上所述，在本公开实施例中，包括：半导体基板、设置在半导体基板背光面上的正电极和负电极；半导体基板包括沿半导体基板的中心线对称设置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部；正电极包括设置在第一基板分部中的第一正电极分部，以及设置在第二基板分部中的第二正电极分部；负电极包括 设置在第一基板分部中的第一负电极分部，以及设置在第二基板分部中的第二负电极分部；第一正电极分部和第一负电极分部在第一基板分部中平行设置；第二正电极分部和第二负电极分部在第二基板分部中平行设置；第一基板分部和第二基板分部中，第一正电极分部和第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，第一负电极分部和第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。本公开中，可以通过将太阳能电池片沿中心线切割得到两个分片，由于两个分片分别对应的第一基板分部和第二基板分部中，第一正电极分部和第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与导电线的两端连接，第一负电极分部和第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与另一导电线的两端连接，因此两个分片在切割之后可以通过导电线直接进行串联连接，不需要将其中的一个分片进行旋转及对准操作，从而简化了工艺操作步骤，提高了光伏组件的生产效率和成品率。
可选地，参照图1，第一基板分部11中，第一正电极分部21可以包括多个用于与导电线连接的第一正极连接点211，以及连接相邻第一正极连接点211的第一正极连接栅线212，第一负电极分部31可以包括多个用于与导电线连接的第一负极连接点311，以及连接相邻第一负极连接点311的第一负极连接栅线312；
相应地，第二基板分部12中，第二正电极分部22可以包括多个用于与导电线连接的第二正极连接点221，以及连接相邻第二正极连接点221的第二正极连接栅线222，第二负电极分部32可以包括多个用于与导电线连接的第二负极连接点321，以及连接相邻第二负极连接点321的第二负极连接栅线322。
具体的，在利用导电线(焊带)连接太阳能电池片切割后得到的太阳能电池分片时，第一正极连接点211、第一负极连接点311、第二正极连接点221和第二负极连接点321可以作为焊盘与焊带进行焊接，使得焊带沿第一正电极分部21和第二负电极分部32，或沿第一负电极分部31和第二正电极分部22延伸。
可选地，参照图1，太阳能电池中正电极还包括设置在第一基板分部11中的第一正极细栅分部23、设置在第二基板分部12中的第二正极细栅分部 24；负电极还包括设置在第一基板分部11中的第一负极细栅分部33、设置在第二基板分部12中的第二负极细栅分部34。
其中，第一正极细栅分部23和第一负极细栅分部33相互平行且间隔设置，即第一正极细栅分部23和第一负极细栅分部33呈指状交叉设置，且第一正极细栅分部23的一端与第一正电极分部21连接、另一端与第一负电极分部31间隔第一预设距离，第一负极细栅分部33的一端与第一负电极分部31连接、另一端与第一正电极分部21间隔第二预设距离；相应地，第二正极细栅分部24和第二负极细栅分部34相互平行且间隔设置，即第一正极细栅分部23和第一负极细栅分部33第二正极细栅分部24和第二负极细栅分部34呈指状交叉设置，且第二正极细栅分部24的一端与第二正电极分部22连接、另一端与第二负电极分部32间隔第三预设距离，第二负极细栅分部34的一端与第二负电极分部32连接、另一端与第二正电极分部22间隔第四预设距离。
在本公开实施例中，在第一基板分部11中，由于第一正极细栅分部23分布于第一基板分部11表面，用于收集第一基板分部11表面产生的带正电的载流子，并将收集到的带正电的载流子传输并汇聚至第一正电极分部21，即在第一正极细栅分部23和第一正电极分部21中形成电流并汇聚；第一负极细栅分部33也分布于第一基板分部11表面，用于收集第一基板分部11表面产生的带负电的载流子，并将收集到的带负电的载流子传输并汇聚至第一负电极分部31，即在第一负极细栅分部33和第一负电极分部31中形成电流并汇聚。因此，第一正极细栅分部23与第一正电极分部21连接、与第一负电极分部31间隔第一预设距离，即第一正极细栅分部23的一端与第一正电极分部21连接，另一端与第一负电极分部31间隔第一预设距离，实现与第一负电极分部31之间的断开，避免产生短路；第一负极细栅分部33与第一负电极分部31连接、与第一正电极分部21之间间隔第二预设距离，即第一负极细栅分部33的一端与第一负电极分部31连接，另一端与第一正电极分部21间隔第二预设距离，实现与第一正电极分部21之间的断开，避免产生短路。
相应地，在第二基板分部12中，由于第二正极细栅分部24分布于第二基板分部12表面，用于收集第二基板分部12表面产生的带正电的载流子，并将收集到的带正电的载流子传输并汇聚至第二正电极分部22，即在第二正极细栅分部24和第二正电极分部22中形成电流并汇聚；第二负极细栅分部34也分布于第二基板分部12表面，用于收集第二基板分部12表面产生的带负电的载流子，并将收集到的带负电的载流子传输并汇聚至第二负电极分部32，即在第二负极细栅分部34和第二负电极分部32中形成电流并汇聚。因此，第二正极细栅分部24与第二正电极分部22连接、与第二负电极分部32间隔第三预设距离，即第二正极细栅分部24的一端与第二正电极分部22连接，另一端与第二负电极分部32间隔第三预设距离，实现与第二负电极分部32之间的断开，避免产生短路；第二负极细栅分部34与第二负电极分部32连接、与第二正电极分部22之间间隔第四预设距离，即第二负极细栅分部34的一端与第二负电极分部32连接，另一端与第二正电极分部22间隔第四预设距离，实现与第二正电极分部22之间的断开，避免产生短路。
其中，第一预设距离、第二预设距离、第三预设距离和第四预设距离可以相等，也可以不相等，第一预设距离、第二预设距离、第三预设距离和第四预设距离，可以为正电极分部与极性相反的细栅分部之间不发生短路时的间距。
具体的，当用焊带连接第一正电极分部21和第二负电极分部32，或第一负电极分部31和第二正电极分部22时，焊带的稍微偏移，就会导致焊带与异性的细栅分部接触，从而造成短路，例如，当用焊带连接第一正电极分部21时，若焊带位置发生偏移，则会导致焊带与第一负极细栅分部33接触，进而导通第一正电极分部21与第一负极细栅分部33，由于第一正电极分部21与第一负极细栅分部33中存在极性相反的载流子，从而造成短路。由此可知，在利用焊带互连太阳能电池分片构成光伏组件时，对焊带焊接的定位精度要求和操作要求较高，从而导致制备得到的光伏组件的良品率偏低。
可选地，太阳能电池片还可以包括绝缘层50，参照图3，图3示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池分片的结构示意图，在该电池分片中，绝缘 层50可以设置在相邻第一正极连接点211之间，且覆盖相邻第一正极连接点211之间的第一负极细栅分部33靠近第一正极连接栅线212的一部分，即绝缘层50覆盖了第一负极细栅分部33中与第一正极连接栅线212最邻近的一部分，因此，绝缘层50可起到隔离第一负极细栅分部33和第一正极连接栅线212的作用，从而在利用焊带互连太阳能电池构成光伏组件时，即使设置在第一正电极分部21对应的位置、与第一正极连接点211连接的焊带发生一定程度的偏移，也不会导致焊带与第一负极细栅分部33接触，进而避免导通第一正电极分部21与第一负极细栅分部33；或，绝缘层50可以设置在相邻第一负极连接点311之间，且覆盖相邻第一负极连接点311之间的第一正极细栅分部23靠近第一负极连接栅线312的一部分，即绝缘层50覆盖了第一正极细栅分部23中与第一负极连接栅线312最邻近的一部分，因此，绝缘层50可起到隔离第一正极细栅分部23和第一负极连接栅线312的作用，从而在利用焊带互连太阳能电池构成光伏组件时，即使设置在第一负电极分部31对应的位置、与第一负极连接点311连接的焊带发生一定程度的偏移，也不会导致焊带与第一正极细栅分部23接触，进而避免导通第一负电极分部31与第一正极细栅分部23。即绝缘层50可以避免第一正电极分部21与第一负极细栅分部33之间，第一负电极分部31与第一正极细栅分部23之间以及形成短路，从而可以降低焊带焊接时的定位精度和操作要求，提高最终制备得到的光伏组件的良品率。
在与图3对应的另一电池分片中，绝缘层50可以设置在相邻第二正极连接点221之间，且覆盖相邻第二正极连接点221之间的第二负极细栅分部34靠近第二正极连接栅线222的一部分，即绝缘层50覆盖了第二负极细栅分部34中与第二正极连接栅线222最邻近的一部分，因此，绝缘层50可起到隔离第二负极细栅分部34和第二正极连接栅线222的作用，从而在利用焊带互连太阳能电池构成光伏组件时，即使设置在第二正电极分部22对应的位置、与第二正极连接点221连接的焊带发生一定程度的偏移，也不会导致焊带与第二负极细栅分部34接触，进而避免导通第二正电极分部22与第二负极细栅分部34；或，绝缘层50可以设置在相邻第二负极连接点321之间，且覆盖相邻第二负极连接点321之间的第二正极细栅分部24靠近第二 负极连接栅线322的一部分，即绝缘层50覆盖了第二正极细栅分部24中与第二负极连接栅线322最邻近的一部分，因此，绝缘层50可起到隔离第二正极细栅分部24和第二负极连接栅线322的作用，从而在利用焊带互连太阳能电池构成光伏组件时，即使设置在第二负电极分部32对应的位置、与第二负极连接点321连接的焊带发生一定程度的偏移，也不会导致焊带与第二正极细栅分部24接触，进而避免导通第二负电极分部32与第二正极细栅分部24。即绝缘层50可以避免第二正电极分部22与第二负极细栅分部34之间，第二负电极分部32与第二正极细栅分部24之间以及形成短路，从而可以降低焊带焊接时的定位精度和操作要求，提高最终制备得到的光伏组件的良品率。
在本公开实施例中，参照图3，在该电池分片中，位于太阳能电池分片边界的第一正极连接点211和第一负极连接点311与太阳能电池分片的边界之间也可以设置绝缘层50，且由于导电线在太阳能电池分片的边界区域的偏移量一般更大，因此，第一正极连接点211和第一负极连接点311与太阳能电池片的边界之间设置的绝缘层50沿平行于半导体基板10中心线AB的尺寸(宽度)，大于相邻两个第一正极连接点211和相邻两个第一负极连接点311之间设置的绝缘层50沿平行于半导体基板10中心线AB的尺寸(宽度)，从而可以提高导电线的连接可靠性。
此外，位于相邻两个第一正极连接点211之间，以及第一正极连接点211与太阳能电池分片的边界之间的绝缘层50可以同时覆盖第一正极连接栅线212，以及第一正极细栅分部23靠近第一正极连接栅线212的一部分，使得相邻两个第一正极连接点211之间的绝缘层50构成整体式结构；位于相邻两个第一负极连接点311之间，以及第一负极连接点311与太阳能电池分片的边界之间的绝缘层50可以同时覆盖第一负极连接栅线312，以及第一负极细栅分部24靠近第一负极连接栅线312的一部分，使得相邻两个第一负极连接点311之间的绝缘层50构成整体式结构。
在本公开实施例中，绝缘层50沿平行于半导体基板10中心线AB的尺寸(宽度)大于第一正极连接点211和第一负极连接点311沿平行于半导体基板10中心线AB的尺寸(宽度)，也大于导电线沿平行于半导体基板10 中心线AB的尺寸(宽度)。
参照图4，图4示出了本公开实施例中的另一种太阳能电池分片的结构示意图，在该电池分片中，位于相邻两个第一正极连接点211之间，以及第一正极连接点211与太阳能电池分片的边界之间的绝缘层50仅覆盖第一负极细栅分部33靠近第一正极连接栅线212的一部分，而不覆盖第一正极细栅分部23靠近第一正极连接栅线212的一部分以及第一正极连接栅线212，使得绝缘层50构成分散式结构；位于相邻两个第一负极连接点311之间，以及第一负极连接点311与太阳能电池分片的边界之间的绝缘层50仅覆盖第一正极细栅分部23靠近第一负极连接栅线312的一部分，而不覆盖第一负极细栅分部33靠近第一负极连接栅线312的一部分以及第一负极连接栅线312，使得绝缘层50构成分散式结构。从而可以节省制备绝缘层50的绝缘材料的用量，降低成本，多个分散式的绝缘层50沿垂直于半导体基板10中心线的方向依次排布。
可选地，参照图1，太阳能电池片中的第一正极连接点211、第一负极连接点311、第二正极连接点221和第二负极连接点321的结构可以为正方形结构，且正方形结构的边长可以为600-1500毫米。
太阳能电池片中的第一正极连接栅线212、第一负极连接栅线312、第二正极连接栅线222和第二负极连接栅线322的宽度可以为150-400毫米。
太阳能电池片中的第一正极细栅分部23和第二正极细栅分部24的宽度可以为60-200毫米，述第一负极细栅分部33和第二负极细栅分部34的宽度可以为20-60毫米。
可选地，参照图3，第一正极连接点211可以包括中心部2111，以及设置在中心部2111外侧的外缘部2112，其中，中心部2111的结构可以为正方形结构，中心部2111的边长可以为600-1200毫米，外缘部2112的内轮廓与中心部2111的外轮廓相互重叠，且外缘部2112的外轮廓与内轮廓相互平行，外缘部2112的外轮廓的边长可以为800-1600毫米。
相应地，第二正极连接点221可以与第一正极连接点211具有相同的结构。
可选地，中心部2111可以为采用银浆制备得到的银电极，外缘部2112 可以为采用铝浆制备得到的铝电极，从而可以降低银的用量，以节省成本。
可选地，图5示出了本公开实施例中的一种太阳能电池片的截面示意图，参照图5，太阳能电池片中的半导体基板10可以包括硅基底60，以及设置在硅基底60背光面上包含第一半导体区域和第二半导体区域的半导体区域70。
具体的，太阳能电池片中的正电极设置在第一半导体区域远离硅基底60的一面，负电极设置在第二半导体区域远离硅基底60的一面。
其中，第一半导体区域可以为硅基底60背光面形成的P型扩散区域构成的P型半导体区域，第二半导体区域可以为硅基底60背光面形成的N型扩散区域构成的N型半导体区域，即太阳能电池片中的正电极设置在半导体基板10背光面中的P型半导体区域上，负电极设置在半导体基板10背光面中的N型半导体区域上。
在本公开实施例中，第一半导体区域可以在硅基底60上与第一正极连接点211和第二正极连接点221对应的区域连续设置，以供相邻的第一正极连接点211通过第一正极连接栅线212、相邻的第二正极连接点221通过第二正极连接栅线222连接；第二半导体区域可以在硅基底60上与第一负极连接点311和第二负极连接点321对应的区域连续设置，以供相邻的第一负极连接点311通过第一负极连接栅线312、相邻的第二负极连接点321通过第二负极连接栅线322连接。而由于位于硅基底60边界部位的正极连接点之间可以无需利用正极连接栅线连接，负极连接点之间可以无需利用负极连接栅线连接，因此，位于硅基底60边界部位的第一半导体区域和第二半导体区域可以是非连续设置的。
此外，参照图3和图4，设置在相邻两个第一负极连接点311之间的绝缘层50可以与第一负极连接点311之间间隔一定距离，参照图5，设置在相邻两个第一负极连接点311之间的绝缘层50也可以与第一负极连接点311连接，即绝缘层50完全填充第一负极连接点311之间的区域，从而完全避免位于绝缘层50上方的导电线90与极性相反的细栅电极接触。
综上所述，在本公开实施例中，包括：半导体基板、设置在半导体基板背光面上的正电极和负电极；半导体基板包括沿半导体基板的中心线对称设 置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部；正电极包括设置在第一基板分部中的第一正电极分部，以及设置在第二基板分部中的第二正电极分部；负电极包括设置在第一基板分部中的第一负电极分部，以及设置在第二基板分部中的第二负电极分部；第一正电极分部和第一负电极分部在第一基板分部中平行设置；第二正电极分部和第二负电极分部在第二基板分部中平行设置；第一基板分部和第二基板分部中，第一正电极分部和第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，第一负电极分部和第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。本公开中，可以通过将太阳能电池片沿中心线切割得到两个分片，由于两个分片分别对应的第一基板分部和第二基板分部中，第一正电极分部和第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与导电线的两端连接，第一负电极分部和第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合，可以分别与另一导电线的两端连接，因此两个分片在切割之后可以通过导电线直接进行串联连接，不需要将其中的一个分片进行旋转及对准操作，从而简化了工艺操作步骤，提高了光伏组件的生产效率和成品率。
本公开实施例还提供了一种太阳能电池分片，包括上述太阳能电池片沿半导体基板的中心线切割后得到的第一分片和第二分片。
其中，参照图1，半导体基板10包括沿半导体基板10的中心线AB对称设置的第一基板分部11和第二基板分部12。
参照图2，将上述太阳能电池片沿中心线AB采用激光无损切割可以得到两个电池分片：第一分片81和第二分片82，切割得到的第一分片81和第二分片82分别对应第一基板分部11和第二基板分部12。
其中，第一分片81包括第一基板分部11，以及设置在第一基板分部11中的第一正电极分部21和第一负电极分部31，第一正电极分部21和第一负电极分部31平行设置；第二分片82包括第二基板分部12，以及设置在第二基板分部12中的第二正电极分部22和第二负电极分部32，第二正电极分部22和第二负电极分部32平行设置。
同时，位于第一分片81中的第一正电极分部21和位于第二分片82中的第二负电极分部32的延伸方向重合，可以分别与导电线90的两端连接，位于第一分片81中的第一负电极分部31和位于第二分片82中的第二正电 极分部22的延伸方向重合，可以分别与另一导电线90的两端连接。从而在将太阳能电池片进行切割得到第一分片81和第二分片82之后，无需将其中一个电池分片进行180度旋转和对准操作，而是可以不改变两个电池分片的位置，即不需要将其中的一个分片进行旋转及对准操作，可以直接在两个电池分片之间设置导电线(焊带)90，导电线90的一端与第一分片81中的第一正电极分部21连接，另一端与第二分片82中的第二负电极分部32连接，从而导通两个电池分片。
相应地，第二分片82同样也可以通过导电线90连接另外一个太阳能电池片切割后得到的另一个第一分片81。具体的，导电线90的一端与第二分片82中的第二正电极分部22连接，另一端与另一个第一分片81中的第一负电极分部31连接，从而导通两个电池分片。进而连接多个太阳能电池分片，组装得到光伏组件。
在本公开实施例中，切割后的太阳能电池分片相对于太阳能电池片的尺寸显著较小，所以每个电池分片产生的电流比整个太阳能电池片中的小，优选切割后的太阳能电池分片为未分割的太阳能电池片尺寸的一半，使得导电线连接的串联电阻引起的功率损失可减少到原来的四分之一。
本公开实施例还提供了一种光伏组件，包括多个上述太阳能电池分片和多条导电线。
参照图2，多个太阳能电池分片中的第一分片81和第二分片82间隔设置，一条导电线90的一端连接第一分片中81的第一正电极分部21，另一端连接相邻的第二分片82中的第二负电极分部32，另一条导电线90的一端连接第一分片81中的第一负电极分部31，另一端连接相邻的第二分片82中的第二正电极分部22，从而导通两个电池分片，将太阳能电池分片中产生并汇聚的电流进行进一步的汇集。
可选地，光伏组件还可以包括连接部100，连接部100设置在相邻的第一分片81和第二分片82之间，沿半导体基板的中心线延伸，且与连接相邻的第一分片81和第二分片82的导电线90电连接。
在本公开实施例中，连接材料100可以与导电线90具有相同的材料，例如都使用含有铜为主的金属材料，例如镀锡铜焊带。连接材料100将连接 第一分片81和第二分片82的多个导电线90电连接，这提供了额外的电流通道，在导电线90的部分区域存在虚焊或被遮挡时，电流可以通过这些就近的通道流动到相邻电池分片，降低了电流失配，提高了组件的输出。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，空调器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本公开的实施例进行了描述，但是本公开并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的启示下，在不脱离本公开宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，这些均属于本公开的保护之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片包括：
    半导体基板、设置在所述半导体基板背光面上的正电极和负电极；
    所述半导体基板包括沿所述半导体基板的中心线对称设置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部；
    所述正电极包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一正电极分部，以及设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二正电极分部；所述负电极包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一负电极分部，以及设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二负电极分部；
    所述第一正电极分部和所述第一负电极分部在所述第一基板分部中平行设置；所述第二正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部在所述第二基板分部中平行设置；
    所述第一基板分部和所述第二基板分部中，所述第一正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，所述第一负电极分部和所述第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，
    将所述太阳能电池片沿中心线采用激光无损切割可以得到两个电池分片：第一分片和第二分片；
    切割得到的所述第一分片和所述第二分片分别对应所述第一基板分部和所述第二基板分部，所述第一基板分部中的所述第一正电极分部和所述第二基板分部中的所述第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，所述第一基板分部中的所述第一负电极分部和所述第二基板分部中的所述第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，
    所述第一正电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第一正极连接点，以及连接相邻所述第一正极连接点的第一正极连接栅线，所述第一负电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第一负极连接点，以及连接相邻所述第一负极连接点的第一负极连接栅线；
    所述第二正电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第二正极连接点，以 及连接相邻所述第二正极连接点的第二正极连接栅线，所述第二负电极分部包括多个用于与导电线连接的第二负极连接点，以及连接相邻所述第二负极连接点的第二负极连接栅线。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述正电极还包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一正极细栅分部、设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二正极细栅分部；所述负电极还包括设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一负极细栅分部、设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二负极细栅分部；
    所述第一正极细栅分部和所述第一负极细栅分部相互平行且间隔设置，所述第一正极细栅分部的一端与所述第一正电极分部连接、另一端与所述第一负电极分部间隔第一预设距离，所述第一负极细栅分部的一端与所述第一负电极分部连接、另一端与所述第一正电极分部间隔第二预设距离；
    所述第二正极细栅分部和所述第二负极细栅分部相互平行且间隔设置，所述第二正极细栅分部的一端与所述第二正电极分部连接、另一端与所述第二负电极分部间隔第三预设距离，所述第二负极细栅分部的一端与所述第二负电极分部连接、另一端与所述第二正电极分部间隔第四预设距离。
  5. 根据权利要求4的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片还包括：绝缘层；
    所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第一正极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第一正极连接点之间的第一负极细栅分部靠近所述第一正极连接栅线的一部分，
    或，所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第二正极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第二正极连接点之间的第二负极细栅分部靠近所述第二正极连接栅线的一部分，
    或，所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第一负极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第一负极连接点之间的第一正极细栅分部靠近所述第一负极连接栅线的一部分，
    或，所述绝缘层设置在相邻所述第二负极连接点之间，且覆盖相邻所述第二负极连接点之间的第二正极细栅分部靠近所述第二负极连接栅线的一部分。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述第一正极连接点、所述第一负极连接点、所述第二正极连接点和所述第二负极连接点的结构为正方形结构，所述正方形结构的边长为600-1500毫米；
    所述第一正极连接栅线、所述第一负极连接栅线、所述第二正极连接栅线和所述第二负极连接栅线的宽度为150-400毫米；
    所述第一正极细栅分部和所述第二正极细栅分部的宽度为60-200毫米；
    所述第一负极细栅分部和所述第二负极细栅分部的宽度为20-60毫米。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池分片边界的所述第一正极连接点和所述第一负极连接与所述太阳能电池分片的边界之间也可以设置绝缘层，所述绝缘层沿平行于所述半导体基板的中心线的尺寸，大于相邻两个所述第一正极连接点和相邻两个所述第一负极连接点之间设置的绝缘层沿平行于所述半导体基板中心线的尺寸。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述第一正极连接点和所述第二正极连接点包括中心部，以及设置在所述中心部外侧的外缘部；
    所述中心部的结构为正方形结构，所述中心部的边长为600-1200毫米；
    所述外缘部的内轮廓与所述中心部的外轮廓相互重叠，且所述外缘部的外轮廓与所述内轮廓相互平行，所述外缘部的外轮廓的边长为800-1600毫米。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，所述中心部为银电极，所述边缘部为铝电极。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述太阳能电池片中的所述半导体基板可以包括硅基底，以及设置在所述硅基底背光面上包含第一半导体区域和第二半导体区域的半导体区域。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的太阳能电池片，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一半导体区域可以在所述硅基底上与所述第一正极连接点和所述第二正极连接点对应的区域连续设置；
    所述二半导体区域可以在所述硅基底上与所述第一负极连接点和所述 第二负极连接点对应的区域连续设置。
  12. 一种太阳能电池分片，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池分片包括：将权利要求1-11任一项所述的太阳能电池片沿半导体基板的中心线切割后得到的第一分片和第二分片；
    所述半导体基板包括沿所述半导体基板的中心线对称设置的第一基板分部和第二基板分部；
    所述第一分片包括所述第一基板分部，以及设置在所述第一基板分部中的第一正电极分部和第一负电极分部，所述第一正电极分部和所述第一负电极分部平行设置；
    所述第二分片包括所述第二基板分部，以及设置在所述第二基板分部中的第二正电极分部和第二负电极分部，所述第二正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部平行设置；
    所述第一分片和所述第二分片中，所述第一正电极分部和所述第二负电极分部的延伸方向重合，所述第一负电极分部和所述第二正电极分部的延伸方向重合。
  13. 一种光伏组件，其特征在于，包括多个权利要求8所述的太阳能电池分片和多条导电线；
    多个太阳能电池分片中的第一分片和第二分片间隔设置；
    一条所述导电线的一端连接所述第一分片中的第一正电极分部，另一端连接相邻的第二分片中的第二负电极分部，另一条所述导电线的一端连接所述第一分片中的第一负电极分部，另一端连接相邻的第二分片中的第二正电极分部。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的光伏组件，其特征在于，所述光伏组件还包括连接部；
    所述连接部设置在相邻的第一分片和第二分片之间，所述连接部沿半导体基板的中心线延伸，且与连接所述相邻的第一分片和第二分片的导电线电连接。
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