WO2023029676A1 - 电池的箱体、电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池的箱体、电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023029676A1
WO2023029676A1 PCT/CN2022/099776 CN2022099776W WO2023029676A1 WO 2023029676 A1 WO2023029676 A1 WO 2023029676A1 CN 2022099776 W CN2022099776 W CN 2022099776W WO 2023029676 A1 WO2023029676 A1 WO 2023029676A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
battery
support member
support
state
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/099776
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐晨怡
曾智敏
杨海奇
唐彧
黄小腾
王鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP22862817.8A priority Critical patent/EP4266462A4/en
Publication of WO2023029676A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023029676A1/zh
Priority to US18/352,254 priority patent/US20230361408A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/238—Flexibility or foldability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the battery field, and in particular to a battery box, a battery, an electrical device, and a battery manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a battery box, which can reduce the glue overflow phenomenon of the battery during the assembly process and improve the safety performance of the battery.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a battery box, including a support, the support is used to support the battery cell; and an expansion member, configured to squeeze the support to switch the support from the first state to the second state; wherein, when the support is in the first state, an accommodating space for accommodating an adhesive is formed between the support and the battery cell, and the adhesive is used to bond the support and the battery cell; when the support is in In the second state, at least a part of the expansion member abuts against the support member to compress the support member, and makes the volume of the accommodation space smaller than that of the support member in the first state. Accordingly, the volume of the accommodating space for accommodating the adhesive between the box body and the battery cells can be changed according to requirements.
  • the volume of the accommodating space can be reduced in the second state, the amount of adhesive injected in advance in the first state can also be reduced correspondingly, reducing the possibility of overflowing glue, increasing the safety performance of the battery, and at the same time It can increase the energy density of the battery.
  • the supporting member includes a supporting portion for supporting the battery cell and a receiving cavity for receiving at least part of the expansion member to compress the supporting member.
  • the receiving chamber By arranging the receiving chamber to accommodate at least part of the expansion member, the space occupied by the support member and the expansion member in the case can be reduced, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery.
  • the support member further includes an opening communicating with the storage chamber, at least part of the expansion member enters the storage chamber through the opening. Accordingly, the expansion member can be conveniently accommodated into the storage cavity, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery.
  • the support portion includes a first wall and a second wall oppositely arranged.
  • the first wall and the second wall constitute walls of the receiving cavity, and at least one of the first wall and the second wall is configured to be bonded to the battery cell through an adhesive.
  • At least one of the two opposing walls of the supporting part is bonded to the battery cell by an adhesive, so that the number of supporting parts needed to fix the battery cell can be flexibly adjusted, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery.
  • the support part further includes a deformable wall for connecting the first wall and the second wall.
  • the deformable wall is configured to deform when the first wall and/or the second wall are compressed.
  • a deformable deformable wall is provided between the first wall and the second wall, which can increase the flexibility of the support part and prevent the support part from breaking when being squeezed.
  • At least part of the deformable wall is curved.
  • the whole or part of the deformable wall is arranged in an arc shape, which has the advantages of simple processing and convenient manufacture.
  • the expansion member includes a third wall and a fourth wall oppositely disposed.
  • the third wall is used to abut and press the first wall; and/or the fourth wall is used to abut and press the second wall. Accordingly, the extrusion effect of the expansion member on the support member can be enhanced.
  • the expansion member further includes a connecting wall for connecting the third wall and the fourth wall.
  • the connecting wall is arranged between the opposite third wall and the fourth wall, which can increase the structural strength of the expansion member.
  • the expansion member has a hollow cavity, and the third wall, the fourth wall and the connecting wall jointly enclose to form the hollow cavity.
  • the configuration of the expansion member with a hollow inner cavity can reduce the weight of the expansion member, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery.
  • the minimum distance between the first wall and the second wall is D1
  • the maximum distance between the third wall and the fourth wall is D2, wherein D1 ⁇ D2.
  • the inflatable member includes an air bag configured to inflate to abut against and compress the first wall and/or the second wall after being injected with gas.
  • an air bag configured to inflate to abut against and compress the first wall and/or the second wall after being injected with gas.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a battery, including a battery cell and an embodiment of any case provided in the first aspect of the present application, and the case is used to accommodate the battery cell.
  • the battery manufactured accordingly has the advantages of high energy density and good safety performance.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery provided in the second aspect of the present application, and the battery is used to provide electric energy.
  • the electrical equipment manufactured accordingly has the advantages of long power consumption time and good safety performance of the battery.
  • the fourth aspect of the present application provides a battery manufacturing method, including: providing a battery cell; providing a box, the box includes: a support, the support is used to support the battery cell; and an expansion member, the expansion member is configured In order to press the support member to switch the support member from the first state to the second state; wherein, when the support member is in the first state, an accommodation space for accommodating the adhesive is formed between the support member and the battery cell, and the adhesive The adhesive is used to bond the support and the battery cell; when the support is in the second state, at least part of the expansion member abuts against the support to squeeze the support, and the volume of the accommodation space is in the first state relative to the support. In a state, it becomes smaller; the battery cell is accommodated in the box.
  • the battery manufactured according to the method has the advantages of high energy density and good safety performance.
  • the fifth aspect of the present application provides a battery manufacturing equipment, including: providing a module and an assembly module, providing a module for providing a battery cell and a box body, wherein the box body includes: a support, and the support is used to support the battery cell; and an expansion member, the expansion member is configured to squeeze the support member to switch the support member from the first state to the second state; wherein, when the support member is in the first state, a gap is formed between the support member and the battery cell In the accommodation space containing the adhesive, the adhesive is used to bond the support member and the battery cell; when the support member is in the second state, at least part of the expansion member abuts against the support member to compress the support member, and The volume of the accommodating space becomes smaller than that of the support member in the first state; the assembly module is used for accommodating the battery cells in the case. Batteries fabricated according to this setup have the advantages of high energy density and good safety performance.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a box provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a battery cell and a box in a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a support provided by an embodiment of the present application in a first state
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a support provided by an embodiment of the present application in a second state
  • Fig. 9 is a partial schematic diagram of the connection between a battery cell and a support in a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a support provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an expansion member provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of another expansion member provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic flowchart of step S3 in Fig. 13 of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic block diagram of a device for preparing a battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 30-box body 300-accommodating space, 301-first part, 302-second part;
  • 32-expanding member 32a-third wall, 32b-fourth wall, 32c-connecting wall, 32d-hollow inner cavity, 32e-airbag;
  • connection In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the technical terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixation” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or It can be a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection, it can also be an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relation. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application according to specific situations.
  • the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the second feature "on” or “under” the second feature. Indirect contact through intermediaries.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
  • the battery cells need to be assembled into the box.
  • an adhesive is usually injected between the battery cells and the beams or side walls of the box to achieve the bonding effect.
  • the workers will inject excessive adhesive, resulting in the adhesion between the battery cells and the beams or side walls of the box.
  • the adhesive is squeezed by the battery cell and the box and overflows to the top cover of the battery cell, that is, glue overflow.
  • the top cover of the battery cell usually includes functional devices such as an explosion-proof device and an electrical connection device. Adhesives on the top cover will affect the explosion-proof function or charge and discharge performance of the battery cell. At the same time, injecting too much binder will reduce the energy density of the battery. Therefore, how to reduce the glue overflow phenomenon in the battery assembly process has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the volume of the accommodating space for the adhesive changes, and the occurrence of glue overflow is reduced by flexibly adjusting the volume of the accommodating space for the adhesive.
  • components that extrude the beam or the side wall may be provided so that the beam or the side wall moves toward the battery cell to change the volume of the accommodation space for the adhesive, thereby reducing the occurrence of glue overflow.
  • the present application provides a battery box, a battery including the box, and an electrical device using the battery.
  • This case is suitable for any battery, such as battery modules and battery packs, or primary batteries and secondary batteries, such as secondary batteries including NiMH batteries, NiCd batteries, lead-acid (or lead storage) batteries, lithium-ion batteries , Na-ion batteries, polymer batteries, etc.
  • This battery is suitable for a variety of electrical equipment that uses batteries, such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, aerospace Aircraft and spacecraft, etc.; batteries are used to provide electrical energy for the above-mentioned electrical equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the interior of the vehicle 1 is provided with a battery 10 , and the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 10 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 10 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may further include a controller 11 and a motor 12 , the controller 11 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 12 , for example, for starting, navigating, and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.
  • the battery 10 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 10 may include a plurality of battery modules 20 and a case 30 , and the plurality of battery modules 20 are accommodated inside the case 30 .
  • the box body 30 is used for accommodating the battery cells 21 or the battery modules 20 , so as to prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells 21 .
  • the box body 30 may be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single cuboid, cylinder or sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of simple three-dimensional structures such as a cuboid, cylinder or sphere, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the material of the box body 30 can be such as alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, also can be as polymer material such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foamed plastics, or be the composite material such as glass fiber plus epoxy resin, The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the box body 30 may include a first part 301 and a second part 302, the first part 301 and the second part 302 cover each other, the first part 301 and the second part 302 jointly define a Space.
  • the second part 302 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 301 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first part 301 covers the opening side of the second part 302, so that the first part 301 and the second part 302 jointly define a battery.
  • the space of the unit 21 ; the first part 301 and the second part 302 can also be a hollow structure with one side opening, and the opening side of the first part 301 covers the opening side of the second part 302 .
  • the second part 302 of the box 30 may be a hollow box as shown in FIG. 2 , and the battery module 20 or battery cell 21 is directly placed in the cavity of the second part 302 .
  • the second part 302 can also be a structure including crossbeams and longitudinal beams as shown in FIG. 3. The crossbeams and longitudinal beams divide the internal space of the second part 302 into unit spaces. In the unit space, the beam, the longitudinal beam or the side wall of the second part 302 can be used as the support 31 to support the battery cell 21 .
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific structure inside the box body 30, but for the sake of brevity of description, the following embodiments all use the box body including the second part 302 as shown in FIG. 30 as an example.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a battery module 20 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery module 20 may include a plurality of battery cells 21, and the plurality of battery cells 21 may be connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form the battery module 20, and then the plurality of battery modules 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or in combination to form the battery 10.
  • the battery cell 21 may include a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery or a magnesium ion battery, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 21 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells 21 are generally divided into three types according to the way of packaging: cylindrical battery cells 21 , square square battery cells 21 and pouch battery cells 21 , which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application. However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments all take the square-shaped battery cell 21 as an example for illustration.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell 21 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 21 refers to the smallest unit constituting a battery.
  • the battery cell 21 includes other functional components such as an end cover 211 , a casing 212 , a cell assembly 213 , and a liquid bag 214 .
  • the end cap 211 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 212 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 21 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 211 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 212 to fit the housing 212 .
  • the end cap 211 can be made of a material (such as aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap 211 is not easy to deform when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 21 can have a higher Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 211 a may be provided on the end cap 211 .
  • the electrode terminal 211a can be used for electrical connection with the battery cell assembly 213, so as to output or input the electric energy of the battery cell 21.
  • the end cover 211 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 21 reaches a threshold value.
  • the material of the end cap 211 may also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulator can be provided inside the end cover 211 , and the insulator can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 212 from the end cover 211 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber or the like.
  • the casing 212 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 211 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 21 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the cell assembly 213 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the housing 212 and the end cover 211 can be independent components, and an opening can be provided on the housing 212 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 21 can be formed by making the end cover 211 cover the opening at the opening.
  • the end cover 211 and the housing 212 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 211 and the housing 212 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the inside of the housing 212 needs to be encapsulated , then make the end cover 211 cover the housing 212 .
  • the housing 212 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on. Specifically, the shape of the casing 212 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly 213 .
  • the housing 212 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell assembly 213 is a part where the electrochemical reaction occurs in the battery cell 21 .
  • One or more cell assemblies 213 may be contained within the casing 212 .
  • the cell assembly 213 is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and usually a separator is provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitute the main body of the cell assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute the tabs 213a.
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively.
  • the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a are connected to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.
  • the liquid bag 214 is arranged in the casing 212 , the liquid bag 214 contains electrolyte, and is at least corresponding to the side wall of the cell assembly 213 .
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of fixing a battery module 20 composed of a plurality of battery cells 21 in a box 30 and two supports 31 in the box 30 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the support member 31 in the box body 30 may be a beam or a longitudinal beam in the box body 30 , or a side wall of the box body 30 , which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a case 30 for a battery 10 .
  • the case 30 includes a support 31 for supporting the battery cell 21 ; and an expansion member 32 configured to press the support 31 to make the support 31 is switched from the first state to the second state; wherein, when the support member 31 is in the first state, as shown in FIG. shown), the adhesive is used to bond the support member 31 and the battery cell 21; when the support member 31 is in the second state, as shown in FIG. 8, at least part of the expansion member 32 and the support member 31 abut against to compress the supporting member 31, and make the volume of the receiving space 300 smaller than when the supporting member 31 is in the first state.
  • the supporting member 31 is used to support the battery cells 21 placed inside the box body 30 .
  • the support member 31 may be a side wall or a beam or a longitudinal beam connected to the battery cells 21 in the box body 30 .
  • the supporting member 31 may be connected to one end or one side of the battery cell 21 .
  • the material of the support member 31 can be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy and iron alloy, polymer materials such as polycarbonate and polyisocyanurate foam, or composite materials such as glass fiber and epoxy resin.
  • the adhesive is used to bond the battery cells 21 and the support member 31 to fix the battery cells 21 or the battery module 20 .
  • the adhesive can be a fluid, such as glue.
  • the material of the adhesive can include polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, alginic acid, sodium alginate, polyurethane, acrylic, One or more of epoxy acrylic or modified silane.
  • the accommodating space 300 is used for accommodating an adhesive for bonding the battery cell 21 and the support member 31 .
  • the accommodation space 300 is located between the battery cells 21 and the support 31 .
  • the receiving space 300 includes at least one opening for injecting adhesive. The shape and volume of the accommodating space 300 will change as the positional relationship between the battery cells 21 and the supporting member 31 changes.
  • the expansion member 32 is configured to be able to squeeze the support member 31 to switch the support member 31 from the first state to the second state.
  • the material of the expansion part 32 can be such as alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, magnesium alloy, also can be as polymer material such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foamed plastics, rubber, or as glass fiber ring Oxygen composites.
  • Abutment refers to a state in which two connected parts are supported by force, that is, there is an interaction force between the two connected parts.
  • the first state refers to a state where the expansion member 32 and the support member 31 do not contact each other.
  • the expansion member 32 may not be connected to the support member 31, or the expansion member 32 and the support member 31 may be connected but not abutted.
  • the second state refers to a state in which the expansion member 32 and the supporting member 31 are in contact with each other.
  • the entire expansion member 32 or a part of the expansion member 32 abuts against the support member 31 to press the support member 31, so that the position between the support member 31 and the battery cell 21 changes, thereby enabling the storage
  • the volume of the space 300 in the second state is smaller than that in the first state. The shrinking of the accommodation space 300 will cause the accommodated adhesive to move toward the opening of the accommodation space 300 , and then spread between the support member 31 and the battery cells 21 .
  • the volume of the accommodating space 300 for accommodating the adhesive between the box body 30 and the battery cells 21 can be changed according to requirements. Since the volume of the accommodating space 300 can be reduced in the second state, the amount of adhesive injected in advance in the first state can also be correspondingly reduced, reducing the possibility of glue overflow and increasing the safety performance of the battery 10. At the same time, the energy density of the battery 10 can also be increased.
  • the support member 31 includes a support portion 311 for supporting the battery cell 21 and a storage chamber for accommodating at least part of the expansion member 32 to compress the support member 31 312.
  • the support part 311 refers to the part of the support part 31 specifically used to support the battery cell 21 , and the support part 311 may be a part of the support part 31 connected with the battery cell 21 .
  • the supporting member 31 may be a structure with a hollow cavity, and the hollow cavity is the receiving cavity 312 .
  • the receiving chamber 312 is used for receiving a part or the whole of the extrusion part 32 of the extrusion support part 311 .
  • the section of the storage chamber 312 can be a simple geometric figure such as a rectangle, a circle, or a triangle, or a complex figure formed by combining simple geometric figures such as a rectangle, a circle, and a triangle.
  • the space occupied by the supporting member 31 and the expanding member 32 in the case 30 can be reduced by providing the receiving cavity 312 to accommodate at least part of the expanding member 32 , thereby improving the energy density of the battery 10 .
  • the support member 31 further includes an opening 313 communicating with the storage chamber 312 , and at least part of the expansion member 32 enters the storage chamber 312 through the opening 313 .
  • the supporting member 31 may include one or more openings 313 communicating with the receiving cavity 312 .
  • the shape of the opening 313 may be a simple geometric figure such as a rectangle, a circle, or a triangle, or a complex figure formed by combining simple geometric figures such as a rectangle, a circle, or a triangle.
  • the expansion member 32 can be conveniently stored in the storage cavity 312, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery 10.
  • the support portion 311 includes a first wall 311 a and a second wall 311 b oppositely disposed.
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b constitute the walls of the receiving cavity 312 , and at least one of the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b is configured to be bonded to the battery cell 21 by an adhesive.
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b of the supporting part 311 are disposed opposite to each other.
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b can be located on two opposite sides of the polygon, and the receiving cavity 312 can be a polygonal inner space;
  • the cross-section of the support portion 311 is a triangle
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b can be located on two adjacent sides of the triangle, and the storage cavity 312 can be a triangular inner space;
  • the cross section of the support part 311 is circular
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b may be circular arcs respectively located on two semicircles, and the storage cavity 312 may be a circular inner space.
  • only one wall of the support portion 311 may be bonded to the battery cell 21 through an adhesive, and in this embodiment, the The wall to be bonded is the first wall 311a or the second wall 311b, and the opposite wall is the second wall 311b or the first wall 311a; The walls are all bonded to the battery cell 21 by an adhesive.
  • one of the walls bonded to the battery cell 21 by an adhesive is the first wall 311a, and the opposite wall is the second wall. wall 311b.
  • At least one of the two opposing walls of the support part 311 is bonded to the battery cell 21 by an adhesive, so that the number of support parts 311 required to fix the battery cell 21 can be flexibly adjusted, Therefore, the energy density of the battery 10 is increased.
  • the support part 311 further includes a deformable wall 311c for connecting the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b.
  • the deformable wall 311c is configured to deform when the first wall 311a and/or the second wall 311b are compressed.
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b of the supporting part 311 are arranged oppositely, and the deformable wall 311c is arranged between the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b of the supporting part 311 for connecting the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b .
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b can be located on two opposite sides of the polygon, and the deformable wall 311c can be located on the opposite side where the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b are connected.
  • the cross section of the support part 311 is a triangle
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b can be located on two adjacent sides of the triangle
  • the deformable wall 311c can be located on the third side of the triangle.
  • the cross section of the supporting part 311 is circular
  • the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b can be circular arcs located on two semicircles respectively
  • the deformable wall 311c can be located on any segment of the circle connecting the two circular arcs on the arc.
  • the deformable wall 311c of the second wall 311b also deforms.
  • the material of the deformable wall 311c may include rubber, silica gel, metal and other materials that are easy to deform.
  • At least part of the deformable wall 311c is arc-shaped.
  • the whole or a part of the deformable wall 311c is arranged in an arc shape, for example, a part or the whole of the deformable wall 311c is in a wave shape.
  • the arc portion of the deformable wall 311c gradually expands, the curvature of the arc becomes smaller, and the length of the deformable wall 311c increases accordingly.
  • the whole or part of the deformable wall 311c is arranged in an arc shape, which has the advantages of simple processing and convenient manufacture.
  • the expansion member 32 includes a third wall 32 a and a fourth wall 32 b oppositely arranged.
  • the third wall 32a is used to contact and press the first wall 311a; and/or the fourth wall 32b is used to contact and press the second wall 311b.
  • the third wall 32a of the expansion member 32 is used to abut against and compress the first wall 311a;
  • the fourth wall 32b of the expansion member 32 is used to abut against and compress the second wall 311b;
  • the walls of the portion 311 that are bonded to the battery cell 21 by an adhesive include the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b, the third wall 32a of the expansion member 32 is used to abut against and press the first wall 311a , the fourth wall 32b of the expansion member 32 is used to abut against and press the second wall 311b.
  • the expansion member 32 is provided with a third wall 32a and a fourth wall 32b corresponding to the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b of the support portion 311, which can enhance the force of the expansion member 32 on the support member 31. Squeeze effect.
  • the expansion member 32 further includes a connecting wall 32c for connecting the third wall 32a and the fourth wall 32b.
  • the connecting wall 32c is disposed between the third wall 32a and the fourth wall 32b for connecting the oppositely disposed third wall 32a and the fourth wall 32b.
  • the material of the connecting wall 32c can be alloy materials such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, magnesium alloy, etc., also can be polymer materials such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foam plastics, rubber, or be such as glass fiber plus epoxy Resin composites.
  • the expansion member 32 has a hollow inner cavity 32d.
  • the third wall 32a, the fourth wall 32b and the connecting wall together form a hollow cavity 32d.
  • the hollow inner cavity 32d is located inside the expansion member 32, and the cross section of the hollow inner cavity 32d can be a simple geometric figure such as a rectangle, a circle, or a triangle, or can be a complex combination of simple geometric figures such as a rectangle, a circle, or a triangle. graphics.
  • the configuration of the expansion member 32 having a hollow inner cavity 32 d can reduce the weight of the expansion member 32 , thereby increasing the energy density of the battery 10 .
  • the expansion member 32 includes an air bag 32e.
  • the airbag 32e is configured to inflate to abut against and press the first wall 311a and/or the second wall 311b after being injected with gas.
  • the airbag 32e can be a part of the expansion part 32, or the entire expansion part 32 can also be the airbag 32e.
  • the shape of the airbag 32e can match with the receiving chamber 312 of the support member 31, or match with the hollow inner cavity 32d of the expansion member 32.
  • the material of the airbag 32e can be materials such as sheepskin, woven cloth or EPDM (Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer, EPDM) environmental protection rubber, which is not easy to leak and damage.
  • the airbag 32e can also be made of high temperature resistant elastic material. Inert gas may be filled in the inner chamber of the airbag 32e.
  • the airbag 32e is in a deflated state before gas is injected, and is in an inflated state after gas is injected.
  • the airbag 32e in an inflated state abuts and presses at least one of the first wall 311a and the second wall 311b of the support part 311 .
  • using the airbag 32 e as a part or the whole of the expansion member 32 can reduce the weight of the expansion member 32 , thereby increasing the energy density of the battery 10 .
  • the present application provides a battery box, and the box 30 includes a support member 31 and an expansion member 32 .
  • the support member 31 includes a support portion 311 , a storage cavity 312 , and an opening 313 communicating with the storage cavity 312 .
  • At least part of the expansion member 32 enters the receiving cavity 312 through the opening 313 to press the support portion 311 .
  • an accommodating space 300 for accommodating an adhesive is formed between the support member 31 and the battery cell 21, and the adhesive is used to bond the support member 31 and the battery cell 21; in the second state, At least part of the expansion member 32 abuts against the support member 31 to compress the support member 31 and make the volume of the accommodation space 300 smaller than when the support member 31 is in the first state.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a battery, which may include a battery cell 21 and an embodiment of any case 30 provided in the first aspect of the present application, and the case 30 is used to accommodate the battery cell 21 .
  • the battery 10 including the battery cells 21 and any case 30 provided in the first aspect of the present application has the advantages of high energy density and good safety performance.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 10 provided in the second aspect of the present application, and the battery 10 is used to provide electric energy.
  • the electrical equipment manufactured accordingly has the advantages of long power consumption time and good safety performance of the battery.
  • the fourth aspect of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery 10, as shown in FIG. 13 , including:
  • a box body 30 is provided.
  • the box body 30 includes: a support member 31 for supporting the battery cell 21; and an expansion member 32 configured to press the support member 31 to make the support member 31 Switching from the first state to the second state; wherein, when the support 31 is in the first state, an accommodating space for accommodating adhesive is formed between the support 31 and the battery cell 21, and the adhesive is used for bonding The support member 31 and the battery cell 21; when the support member 31 is in the second state, at least part of the expansion member 32 abuts against the support member 31 to compress the support member 31, and makes the volume of the accommodation space relative to the support member 31 becomes smaller in the first state;
  • the battery 10 manufactured according to the embodiments of the present application has the advantages of high energy density and good safety performance.
  • S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • the airbag 32e can be a part of the expansion part 32, or the entire expansion part 32 can be an airbag 32e;
  • the battery 10 manufactured according to the embodiments of the present application has the advantage of high energy density.
  • the fifth aspect of the present application provides a battery manufacturing equipment 40, as shown in FIG. : a support member 31, the support member 31 is used to support the battery cell 21; and an expansion member 32, the expansion member 32 is configured to squeeze the support member 31 so that the support member 31 is switched from the first state to the second state; wherein , when the support member 31 is in the first state, an accommodating space for accommodating the adhesive is formed between the support member 31 and the battery cell 21, and the adhesive is used to bond the support member 31 and the battery cell 21; When the member 31 is in the second state, at least part of the expansion member 32 abuts against the support member 31 to squeeze the support member 31, and makes the volume of the accommodating space smaller when the relative support member 31 is in the first state; the assembly module 42 is used The battery cells 21 are accommodated in the case 30 .
  • the battery 10 manufactured according to the embodiments of the present application has the advantages of high energy density and good safety performance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种电池的箱体、电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法和设备。其中，电池的箱体包括支撑件和挤胀件。通过挤胀件对支撑件的挤压实现支撑件与电池单体之间用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间的容积变化。由于容纳空间的容积可以变化，因此可以在容纳空间较大时方便地注入适量粘接剂，注入粘接剂后再减少容纳空间的容积以使粘接剂在容纳空间中铺展开来。根据上述箱体，电池在装配时可以减少注胶量，从而减少了溢胶的可能性，增加电池的安全性能，同时也能够提高电池的能量密度。

Description

电池的箱体、电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法和设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年8月31日提交的名称为“电池的箱体、电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法和设备”的中国专利申请202111016048.8的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，特别涉及一种电池的箱体、电池、用电设备及电池的制造方法和制造设备。
背景技术
在现有的电池制造工艺中，电池单体通过粘接剂固定在箱体内，往往会出现溢胶现象。溢胶会影响电池在使用过程中的安全性能，同时也会降低电池的能量密度。因此，如何减少电池在装配过程中的溢胶现象就成为亟待解决的一项问题。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请第一方面提供一种电池的箱体，可以减少电池在装配过程中的溢胶现象，提高电池的安全性能。
本申请第一方面提供一种电池的箱体，包括支撑件，支撑件用于支撑电池单体；以及挤胀件，被配置为挤压支撑件以使支撑件由第一状态切换至第二状态；其中，在支撑件处于第一状态时，支撑件与电池单体之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，粘接剂用于粘接支撑件与电池单体；在支撑件处于第二状态时，挤胀件的至少部分与支撑件相抵接以挤压支撑件，并使容纳空间的容积相对支撑件处于第一状态时变小。据此，箱体与电池单体之间容纳粘接剂的容纳 空间的容积可以根据需求进行变化。由于容纳空间的容积在第二状态下可以变小，因此预先在第一状态下所注入的粘接剂的量也可以相应减少，减少了溢胶的可能性，增加电池的安全性能，同时也能够提高电池的能量密度。
可选地，支撑件包括用于支撑电池单体的支撑部和用于收纳挤胀件的至少部分以挤压支撑件的收纳腔。通过设置收纳腔来收纳挤胀件的至少部分，可以减少支撑件和挤胀件在箱体中占用的空间，从而提高电池的能量密度。
可选地，支撑件还包括与收纳腔连通的开口，挤胀件的至少部分经开口进入收纳腔。据此，可以方便将挤胀件收纳入收纳腔中，从而降低电池的装配难度。
可选地，支撑部包括相对设置的第一壁和第二壁。其中，第一壁和第二壁构成收纳腔的壁，且第一壁与第二壁的至少一者被配置为通过粘接剂与电池单体粘接。支撑部的相对设置的两个壁的至少一者通过粘接剂与电池单体粘接，可以灵活调整固定电池单体而需要的支撑部的数量，从而提高电池的能量密度。
可选地，支撑部还包括用于连接第一壁和第二壁的可变形壁。可变形壁被配置为在第一壁和/或第二壁受到挤压时发生变形。在第一壁和第二壁之间设置可以变形的可变形壁，可以增加支撑部的柔性，避免支撑部在受到挤压时发生断裂。
可选地，可变形壁的至少部分呈弧形。可变形壁的整体或者一部分设置为弧形，具有加工简单、方便制造的优点。
可选地，挤胀件包括相对设置的第三壁和第四壁。第三壁用于抵接并挤压第一壁；和/或第四壁用于抵接并挤压所述第二壁。据此，可以增强挤胀件对于支撑件的挤压效果。
可选地，挤胀件还包括用于连接第三壁和第四壁的连接壁。在相对设置的第三壁和第四壁之间设置连接壁，可以增加挤胀件的结构强度。
可选地，挤胀件具有中空内腔，第三壁、第四壁和连接壁共同围合形成中空内腔。挤胀件设置为具有中空内腔的结构可以减轻挤胀件的重量，从而提高电池的能量密度。
可选地，在支撑件处于第一状态时，第一壁与第二壁之间的最小距离为D1，第三壁与第四壁之间的最大距离为D2，其中，D1<D2。如此可以实现用挤胀件 挤压支撑部以使支撑件切换至第二状态。
可选地，挤胀件包括气囊，气囊被配置为在通入气体后膨胀以抵接并挤压第一壁和/或第二壁。采用气囊作为挤胀件的一部分或整体，可以减轻挤胀件的重量，从而提高电池的能量密度。
本申请第二方面提供一种电池，包括电池单体和本申请第一方面所提供的任一箱体的实施例，箱体用于容纳电池单体。据此所制造的电池具有能量密度高、安全性能好的优点。
本申请第三方面提供一种用电设备，包括本申请第二方面所提供的电池，电池用于提供电能。据此所制造的用电设备具有用电时间长、电池安全性能好的优点。
本申请第四方面提供一种电池的制造方法，包括：提供电池单体；提供箱体，箱体包括：支撑件，支撑件用于支撑电池单体；以及挤胀件，挤胀件被配置为挤压支撑件以使支撑件由第一状态切换至第二状态；其中，在支撑件处于第一状态时，支撑件与电池单体之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，粘接剂用于粘接支撑件与电池单体；在支撑件处于第二状态时，挤胀件的至少部分与支撑件相抵接以挤压支撑件，并使容纳空间的容积相对支撑件处于第一状态时变小；将所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体。根据该方法所制造的电池具有能量密度高、安全性能好的优点。
本申请第五方面提供一种电池的制造设备，包括：提供模块和装配模块，提供模块用于提供电池单体和箱体，其中箱体包括：支撑件，支撑件用于支撑电池单体；以及挤胀件，挤胀件被配置为挤压支撑件以使支撑件由第一状态切换至第二状态；其中，在支撑件处于第一状态时，支撑件与电池单体之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，粘接剂用于粘接支撑件与电池单体；在支撑件处于第二状态时，挤胀件的至少部分与支撑件相抵接以挤压支撑件，并使容纳空间的容积相对支撑件处于第一状态时变小；装配模块用于将电池单体容纳于箱体。根据该设置所制造的电池具有能量密度高、安全性能好的优点。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电池包的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例提供的一种箱体的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池模块的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例提供的一种电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图6是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池内电池单体与箱体的连接示意图；
图7是本申请一实施例提供的支撑件处以第一状态的示意图；
图8是本申请一实施例提供的支撑件处以第二状态的示意图；
图9是本申请一实施例提供的一种电池内电池单体与支撑件连接的局部示意图；
图10是本申请一实施例提供的一种支撑部的结构示意图；
图11是本申请一实施例提供的一种挤胀件的结构示意图；
图12是本申请一实施例提供的另一种挤胀件的结构示意图；
图13为本申请一个实施例的制备电池的方法的示意性流程图；
图14为本申请图13中步骤S3的示意性流程图；
图15为本申请一个实施例的制备电池的装置的示意性框图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
1-车辆，10-电池，11-控制器，12-马达；
20-电池模块，21-电池单体，端盖-211，电极端子211a，壳体212，电芯组件213，极耳213a，液囊214；
30-箱体，300-容纳空间，301-第一部分，302-第二部分；
31-支撑件，311-支撑部，311a-第一壁，311b-第二壁，311c-可变形壁，312-收纳腔，313-开口；
32-挤胀件，32a-第三壁，32b-第四壁，32c-连接壁，32d-中空内腔，32e-气囊；
40-制造设备，41-提供模块，42-装配模块。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
需要注意的是，除非另有说明，本申请实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请实施例所属领域技术人员所理解的通常意义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
此外，技术术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在现有的电池制造工艺中，需要将电池单体装配入箱体。为了将电池单体固定在箱体中，往往会在电池单体与箱体的梁或侧壁之间注入粘接剂以实现粘接效果。但是在注入粘接剂的过程中，为了保证箱体与电池单体之间的连接强度，工人会注入过量的粘接剂，导致电池单体与箱体的梁或侧壁之间注入的粘接剂被电池单体与箱体挤压溢出到电池单体的顶盖之上，即溢胶现象。电池单体的顶盖通常包括有防爆装置和电连接装置等功能装置，顶盖上沾有粘接剂后会影响电池单体的防爆功能或充放电性能。同时，注入过多的粘接剂会降低电池的能量密度。因此，如何减少电池装配过程中的溢胶现象就成为亟待解决的一项问题。
申请人在研究中发现，将箱体与电池单体相连接的梁或侧壁的至少一部分设置为可相对电池单体移动的结构，可以实现电池单体与梁或侧壁之间容纳粘接剂的容纳空间的容积发生变化，通过灵活调整容纳粘接剂的容纳空间的容积来减少溢胶现象的发生。具体地，可以设置挤压梁或侧壁的部件，以使梁或侧壁向电池单体移动来实现容纳粘接剂的容纳空间的容积的变化，从而减少溢胶现象的发生。
本申请提供一种电池的箱体，以及包括这种箱体的电池和使用该电池的用电设备。这种箱体适用于任何电池，例如电池模块和电池包，或者一次电池和二次电池，例如，二次电池包括镍氢电池、镍镉电池、铅酸(或铅蓄)电池、锂离子电池、钠离子电池、聚合物电池等。这种电池适用于各种使用电池的用电设备，例如手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动玩具、电动工具、电动车辆、船舶和航天器等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等；电池用于为上述用电设备提供电能。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的电池和用电设备，还可以适用于所有包括箱体的电池以及使用电池的用电设备， 但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1的结构示意图。车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部设置有电池10，电池10可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源。车辆1还可以包括控制器11和马达12，控制器11用来控制电池10为马达12供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池10不仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池10可以包括多个电池单体21，电池单体21是指组成电池模块或电池包的最小单元。多个电池单体21可经由电极端子而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。本申请中所提到的电池包括电池模块或电池包。其中，多个电池单体21之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池10也可以称为电池包。本申请的实施例中多个电池单体21可以直接组成电池包，也可以先组成电池模块20，电池模块20再组成电池包。
图2示出了本申请一实施例的电池10的结构示意图。图2中，电池10可以包括多个电池模块20和箱体30，多个电池模块20容纳于箱体30内部。箱体30用于容纳电池单体21或电池模块20，以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体21的充电或放电。箱体30可以是单独的长方体或者圆柱体或球体等简单立体结构，也可以是由长方体或者圆柱体或球体等简单立体结构组合而成的复杂立体结构，本申请实施例对此并不限定。箱体30的材质可以是如铝合金、铁合金等合金材料，也可以是如聚碳酸酯、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料等高分子材料，或者是如玻璃纤维加环氧树脂的复合材料，本申请实施例对此也并不限定。
在一些实施例中，箱体30可以包括第一部分301和第二部分302，第一部分301与第二部分302相互盖合，第一部分301和第二部分302共同限定出用于容纳电池单体21的空间。第二部分302可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部 分301可以为板状结构，第一部分301盖合于第二部分302的开口侧，以使第一部分301与第二部分302共同限定出容纳电池单体21的空间；第一部分301和第二部分302也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分301的开口侧盖合于第二部分302的开口侧。
箱体30的第二部分302可以是如图2所示的中空箱体，电池模块20或电池单体21直接放置于第二部分302的空腔之中。第二部分302也可以是如图3所示的内部包含横梁、纵梁等结构，横梁、纵梁将第二部分302内部空间分割为一个个单元空间，电池模块20或电池单体21放置于单元空间之中，横梁、纵梁或第二部分302的侧壁可作为支撑件31支撑电池单体21。
本申请实施例对箱体30内部的具体结构也并不作限定，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以包括如图3所示的包含横梁、纵梁等结构的第二部分302的箱体30为例进行说明。
图4示出了本申请一实施例的电池模块20的结构示意图。图4中，电池模块20可以包括多个电池单体21，多个电池单体21可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块20，多个电池模块20再串联或并联或混联组成电池10。本申请中，电池单体21可以包括锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体21可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体21一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体21、方体方形电池单体21和软包电池单体21，本申请实施例对此也不限定。但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以方体方形电池单体21为例进行说明。
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体21的分解结构示意图。电池单体21是指组成电池的最小单元。如图5，电池单体21包括有端盖211、壳体212、电芯组件213以及液囊214等其他的功能性部件。
端盖211是指盖合于壳体212的开口处以将电池单体21的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖211的形状可以与壳体212的形状相适应以配合壳体212。可选地，端盖211可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖211在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体21能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖211上可以设置有如电极端子211a等的功能性部件。电极端子211a可以用于与电芯组件213电连接，以 用于输出或输入电池单体21的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖211上还可以设置有用于在电池单体21的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖211的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖211的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体212内的电连接部件与端盖211，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体212是用于配合端盖211以形成电池单体21的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电芯组件213、电解液以及其他部件。壳体212和端盖211可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体212上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖211盖合开口以形成电池单体21的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖211和壳体212一体化，具体地，端盖211和壳体212可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体212的内部时，再使端盖211盖合壳体212。壳体212可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体212的形状可以根据电芯组件213的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体212的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电芯组件213是电池单体21中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体212内可以包含一个或更多个电芯组件213。电芯组件213主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电芯组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳213a。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳23a连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
液囊214布置于壳体212内，液囊214盛放有电解液，并至少与电芯组件213的侧壁对应设置。
图6示出了本申请一实施例的箱体30中多个电池单体21所组成的电池模块20与箱体30中的两个支撑件31相固定的示意图。箱体30中的支撑件31可以为箱体30内的横梁或纵梁，或者箱体30的侧壁，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
本申请第一方面提供一种电池10的箱体30。如图7至图8所示，箱体30包括支撑件31，支撑件31用于支撑电池单体21；以及挤胀件32，挤胀件32被配置为挤压支撑件31以使支撑件31由第一状态切换至第二状态；其中，在支撑件31处于第一状态时，如图7所示，支撑件31与电池单体21之间形成用于容纳粘接剂(附图未示出)的容纳空间300，粘接剂用于粘接支撑件31与电池单体21；在支撑件31处于第二状态时，如图8所示，挤胀件32的至少部分与支撑件31相抵接以挤压支撑件31，并使容纳空间300的容积相对支撑件31处于第一状态时变小。
支撑件31用于支撑放置于箱体30内部的电池单体21。支撑件31可以为箱体30中与电池单体21相连接的侧壁或者横梁、纵梁。支撑件31可以与电池单体21的一端或一侧面相连接。支撑件31的材质可以是如铝合金、铁合金等合金材料，也可以是如聚碳酸酯、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料等高分子材料，或者是如玻璃纤维加环氧树脂的复合材料。
粘接剂用于粘接电池单体21和支撑件31，以固定电池单体21或电池模块20。粘接剂可以为流体，如胶水。粘接剂的材质可以包括聚偏氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、羧甲基纤维素钠、丁苯橡胶、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸钠、海藻酸、海藻酸钠、聚氨酯、丙烯酸、环氧丙烯酸或改性硅烷中的一种或多种。
容纳空间300用于容纳粘接电池单体21和支撑件31的粘接剂。容纳空间300位于电池单体21和支撑件31之间。容纳空间300包括至少一处开口，用于注入粘接剂。容纳空间300的形状和容积会随着电池单体21与支撑件31的位置关系的变化而变化。
挤胀件32被配置为能够挤压支撑件31，以使支撑件31由第一状态切换至第二状态。挤胀件32的材质可以是如铝合金、铁合金、镁合金等合金材料，也可以是如聚碳酸酯、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料、橡胶等高分子材料，或者是如玻璃纤维加环氧树脂的复合材料。
抵接是指相连接的两部件之间用力对撑，即相连接的两部件之间存在相互作用力的一种状态。
第一状态是指挤胀件32与支撑件31之间不相抵接的一种状态。在第一状态下，挤胀件32与支撑件31之间可以不连接，或者挤胀件32与支撑件31之 间可以连接但不抵接。在第一状态下，支撑件31与电池单体21之间具有用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间300，可以向容纳空间300中注入粘接剂。
第二状态是指挤胀件32与支撑件31之间相抵接的一种状态。在第二状态下，挤胀件32整体或者挤胀件32的一部分与支撑件31相抵接从而挤压支撑件31，使得支撑件31与电池单体21之间的位置发生变化，进而使容纳空间300在第二状态下的容积相对第一状态时变小。容纳空间300变小会使所容纳的粘接剂朝着容纳空间300的开口方向移动，进而铺展在支撑件31与电池单体21之间。
根据本申请的实施例，箱体30与电池单体21之间容纳粘接剂的容纳空间300的容积可以根据需求进行变化。由于容纳空间300的容积在第二状态下可以变小，因此预先在第一状态下所注入的粘接剂的量也可以相应减少，减少了溢胶的可能性，增加电池10的安全性能，同时也能够提高电池10的能量密度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图9所示，支撑件31包括用于支撑电池单体21的支撑部311和用于收纳挤胀件32的至少部分以挤压支撑件31的收纳腔312。
支撑部311是指支撑件31中具体用于支撑电池单体21的部分，支撑部311可以是支撑件31中与电池单体21相连接的部分。
支撑件31可以是一个具有中空腔体的结构，该中空腔体即为收纳腔312。收纳腔312用于收纳挤压支撑部311的挤胀件32的一部分或整体。收纳腔312的截面可以是矩形、圆形、三角形等简单几何图形，也可以是由矩形、圆形、三角形等简单几何图形组合而成的复杂图形。
根据本申请的实施例，通过设置收纳腔312来收纳挤胀件32的至少部分，可以减少支撑件31和挤胀件32在箱体30中占用的空间，从而提高电池10的能量密度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图9所示，支撑件31还包括与收纳腔312连通的开口313，挤胀件32的至少部分经开口313进入收纳腔312。
支撑件31可以包括一个或多个与收纳腔312连通的开口313。开口313的形状可以是矩形、圆形、三角形等简单几何图形，也可以是由矩形、圆形、三角形等简单几何图形组合而成的复杂图形。
根据本申请的实施例，通过设置与收纳腔312连通的开口313，可以方便将 挤胀件32收纳入收纳腔312中，从而降低电池10的装配难度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图10所示，支撑部311包括相对设置的第一壁311a和第二壁311b。其中，第一壁311a和第二壁311b构成收纳腔312的壁，且第一壁311a与第二壁311b的至少一者被配置为通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接。
支撑部311的第一壁311a和第二壁311b相对设置。例如，当支撑部311的截面为多边形时，第一壁311a和第二壁311b可以位于多边形相对的两条边上，收纳腔312可以是多边形的内部空间；当支撑部311的截面为三角形时，第一壁311a和第二壁311b可以位于三角形相邻的两条边上，收纳腔312可以是三角形的内部空间；当支撑部311的截面为圆形时，第一壁311a和第二壁311b可以是分别位于两条半圆上的圆弧，收纳腔312可以是圆形的内部空间。
可选地，在本申请的一些实施例中，可以仅有支撑部311的一个壁通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接，在该实施例中，与通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接的壁为第一壁311a或第二壁311b，与之相对的一个壁为第二壁311b或第一壁311a；在本申请的一些实施例中，支撑部311的相对设置的两个壁都通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接，在该实施例中，通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接的其中一个壁为第一壁311a，与之相对的一个壁为第二壁311b。
根据本申请的实施例，支撑部311的相对设置的两个壁的至少一者通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接，可以灵活调整固定电池单体21而需要的支撑部311的数量，从而提高电池10的能量密度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图10所示，支撑部311还包括用于连接第一壁311a和第二壁311b的可变形壁311c。可变形壁311c被配置为在第一壁311a和/或第二壁311b受到挤压时发生变形。
支撑部311的第一壁311a和第二壁311b相对设置，可变形壁311c设置在支撑部311的第一壁311a和第二壁311b之间，用于连接第一壁311a和第二壁311b。例如，当支撑部311的截面为多边形时，第一壁311a和第二壁311b可以位于多边形相对的两条边上，可变形壁311c可以位于连接第一壁311a和第二壁311b所在的相对两边的任意一条或多条边上；当支撑部311的截面为三角形时，第一壁311a和第二壁311b可以位于三角形相邻的两条边上，可变形壁311c 可以位于三角形的第三条边；当支撑部311的截面为圆形时，第一壁311a和第二壁311b可以是分别位于两条半圆上的圆弧，可变形壁311c可以位于连接两条圆弧的任意一段圆弧上。
在第一壁311a或第二壁311b中的一者受到挤压时发生变形时，或第一壁311a和第二壁311b两者都受到挤压时发生变形时，连接第一壁311a和第二壁311b的可变形壁311c也会发生变形。可变形壁311c的材质可以包括橡胶、硅胶、金属等具有易于变形的材料。
根据本申请的实施例，在第一壁311a和第二壁311b之间设置可以变形的可变形壁311c，可以增加支撑部311的柔性，避免支撑部311在受到挤压时发生断裂。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图10所示，可变形壁311c的至少部分呈弧形。
可变形壁311c的整体或者一部分设置为弧形，例如，可变形壁311c的一部分或整体呈现为波浪状。在第一壁311a和/或所述第二壁311b受到挤压时，可变形壁311c的弧形部分逐渐展开，弧形的曲率变小，可变形壁311c的长度也因此增加。
根据本申请的实施例，可变形壁311c的整体或者一部分设置为弧形，具有加工简单、方便制造的优点。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图11所示，挤胀件32包括相对设置的第三壁32a和第四壁32b。第三壁32a用于抵接并挤压第一壁311a；和/或第四壁32b用于抵接并挤压所述第二壁311b。
在支撑部311中通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接的壁仅包括第一壁311a的情形下，挤胀件32的第三壁32a用于抵接并挤压第一壁311a；在支撑部311中通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接的壁仅包括第二壁311b的情形下，挤胀件32的第四壁32b用于抵接并挤压第二壁311b；在支撑部311中通过粘接剂与电池单体21粘接的壁包括第一壁311a和第二壁311b的情形下，挤胀件32的第三壁32a用于抵接并挤压第一壁311a，挤胀件32的第四壁32b用于抵接并挤压第二壁311b。
根据本申请的实施例，挤胀件32设置与支撑部311的第一壁311a、第二壁 311b相对应的第三壁32a、第四壁32b，可以增强挤胀件32对于支撑件31的挤压效果。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图11所示，挤胀件32还包括用于连接第三壁32a和第四壁32b的连接壁32c。
连接壁32c设置在第三壁32a和第四壁32b之间，用于连接相对设置的第三壁32a和第四壁32b。连接壁32c的材质可以是如铝合金、铁合金、镁合金等合金材料，也可以是如聚碳酸酯、聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料、橡胶等高分子材料，或者是如玻璃纤维加环氧树脂的复合材料。
根据本申请的实施例，在相对设置的第三壁32a和第四壁32b之间设置连接壁32c，可以增加挤胀件32的结构强度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图11所示，挤胀件32具有中空内腔32d。第三壁32a、第四壁32b和连接壁共同围合形成中空内腔32d。
中空内腔32d位于挤胀件32的内部，中空内腔32d的截面可以是矩形、圆形、三角形等简单几何图形，也可以是由矩形、圆形、三角形等简单几何图形组合而成的复杂图形。
根据本申请的实施例，挤胀件32设置为具有中空内腔32d的结构可以减轻挤胀件32的重量，从而提高电池10的能量密度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图10至图11所示，在支撑件31处于第一状态时，第一壁311a与第二壁311b之间的最小距离为D1，第三壁32a与第四壁32b之间的最大距离为D2，其中，D1<D2。
根据本申请的实施例，在支撑件31处于第一状态时，支撑部311的第一壁311a与第二壁311b之间的最小距离小于挤胀部的第三壁32a与第四壁32b之间的最大距离，如此可以实现用挤胀件31挤压支撑部311以使支撑件31切换至第二状态。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图12所示，挤胀件32包括气囊32e。所述气囊32e被配置为在通入气体后膨胀以抵接并挤压第一壁311a和/或第二壁311b。
气囊32e可以是挤胀件32的一部分，或者挤胀件32整体也可以为气囊32e。气囊32e的形状可以与支撑件31的收纳腔312相匹配，或者与挤胀件32的中 空内腔32d相匹配。气囊32e的材质可以为羊皮、织布或者EPDM(Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer，三元乙丙橡胶)环保橡胶之类的材料，不易漏气破损。气囊32e也可以由耐高温的弹性材质所制作而成。在气囊32e的内腔之中可以填充惰性气体。气囊32e在通入气体前处于干瘪状态，在通入气体后处于膨胀状态。处于膨胀状态下的气囊32e抵接并挤压支撑部311的第一壁311a和第二壁311b中的至少一者。
根据本申请的实施例，采用气囊32e作为挤胀件32的一部分或整体，可以减轻挤胀件32的重量，从而提高电池10的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图6至图9，本申请提供了一种电池的箱体，箱体30内包括支撑件31和挤胀件32。其中，支撑件31包括支撑部311，收纳腔312，以及与收纳腔312连通的开口313。挤胀件32的至少部分经开口313进入收纳腔312以挤压支撑部311。在第一状态下，支撑件31与电池单体21之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间300，粘接剂用于粘接支撑件31与电池单体21；在第二状态时，挤胀件32的至少部分与支撑件31相抵接以挤压支撑件31，并使容纳空间300的容积相对支撑件31处于第一状态时变小。
本申请第二方面提供一种电池，可以包括电池单体21和本申请第一方面所提供的任一箱体30的实施例，箱体30用于容纳电池单体21。根据本申请的实施例，包括电池单体21和本申请第一方面所提供的任一箱体30的电池10具有能量密度高、安全性能好的优点。
本申请第三方面提供一种用电设备，包括本申请第二方面所提供的电池10，电池10用于提供电能。据此所制造的用电设备具有用电时间长、电池安全性能好的优点。
本申请第四方面提供一种电池10的制造方法，如图13所示，包括：
S1、提供电池单体21；
S2、提供箱体30，箱体30包括：支撑件31，支撑件31用于支撑电池单体21；以及挤胀件32，挤胀件32被配置为挤压支撑件31以使支撑件31由第一状态切换至第二状态；其中，在支撑件31处于第一状态时，支撑件31与电池单体21之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，粘接剂用于粘接支撑件31与电池单体21；在支撑件31处于第二状态时，挤胀件32的至少部分与支撑件31相抵 接以挤压支撑件31，并使容纳空间的容积相对支撑件31处于第一状态时变小；
S3、将电池单体21容纳于箱体30。
根据本申请的实施例所制造的电池10具有能量密度高、安全性能好的优点。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图14所示，S3具体包括以下步骤：
S31、提供气囊32e；气囊32e可以是挤胀件32的一部分，或者挤胀件32整体可以为气囊32e；
S32、将气囊32e收纳于支撑部311的收纳腔312中，或者将气囊32e收纳于挤胀件32的中空内腔32d中；
S33、向气囊32e中通入气体，使气囊32e膨胀从而抵接并挤压支撑部311。
根据本申请的实施例所制造的电池10具有能量密度高的优点。
本申请第五方面提供一种电池的制造设备40，如图15所示，包括：提供模块41和装配模块42，提供模块41用于提供电池单体21和箱体30，其中箱体30包括：支撑件31，支撑件31用于支撑电池单体21；以及挤胀件32，挤胀件32被配置为挤压支撑件31以使支撑件31由第一状态切换至第二状态；其中，在支撑件31处于第一状态时，支撑件31与电池单体21之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，粘接剂用于粘接支撑件31与电池单体21；在支撑件31处于第二状态时，挤胀件32的至少部分与支撑件31相抵接以挤压支撑件31，并使容纳空间的容积相对支撑件31处于第一状态时变小；装配模块42用于将电池单体21容纳于箱体30。
根据本申请的实施例所制造的电池10具有能量密度高、安全性能好的优点。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池的箱体，其特征在于，包括：
    支撑件，用于支撑电池单体；
    挤胀件，被配置为挤压所述支撑件以使所述支撑件由第一状态切换至第二状态；
    其中，在所述支撑件处于所述第一状态时，所述支撑件与所述电池单体之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，所述粘接剂用于粘接所述支撑件与所述电池单体；
    在所述支撑件处于所述第二状态时，所述挤胀件的至少部分与所述支撑件相抵接以挤压所述支撑件，并使所述容纳空间的容积相对所述支撑件处于所述第一状态时变小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述支撑件包括：
    支撑部，用于支撑所述电池单体；
    收纳腔，用于收纳所述挤胀件的至少部分以挤压所述支撑部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述支撑件还包括与所述收纳腔连通的开口，所述挤胀件的至少部分经所述开口进入所述收纳腔。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述支撑部包括：
    相对设置的第一壁和第二壁，所述第一壁和所述第二壁构成所述收纳腔的壁，且所述第一壁与所述第二壁中的至少一者被配置为通过所述粘接剂与所述电池单体粘接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述支撑部还包括可变形壁，用于连接所述第一壁和所述第二壁，所述可变形壁被配置为在所述第一壁和/或所述第二壁受到挤压时发生变形。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述可变形壁的至少部分呈弧形。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的箱体，其特征在于其中，所述挤胀件包括相对设置的第三壁和第四壁，所述第三壁用于抵接并挤压所述第一壁；和/或，
    所述第四壁用于抵接并挤压所述第二壁。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述挤胀件还包括连接壁，用于连接所述第三壁和所述第四壁。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述挤胀件包括中空内腔，所述第三壁、所述第四壁和所述连接壁共同围合形成所述中空内腔。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的箱体，其特征在于，在所述支撑件处于所述第一状态时，所述第一壁与所述第二壁之间的最小距离为D1，所述第三壁与所述第四壁之间的最大距离为D2，其中，D1<D2。
  11. 根据权利要求4-10任一项所述的箱体，其特征在于，所述挤胀件包括气囊，所述气囊被配置为在通入气体后膨胀以抵接并挤压所述第一壁和/或所述第二壁。
  12. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括：
    电池单体；
    如权利要求1-11任一项所述的箱体，所述箱体用于容纳所述电池单体。
  13. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求12所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  14. 一种如权利要求12所述的电池的制造方法，其特征在于，包括：
    提供电池单体；
    提供箱体，所述箱体包括：
    支撑件，用于支撑所述电池单体；
    挤胀件，所述挤胀件被配置为挤压所述支撑件以使所述支撑件由第一状态切换至第二状态；
    在所述支撑件处于所述第一状态时，所述支撑件与所述电池单体之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，所述粘接剂用于粘接所述支撑件与所述电池单体；
    在所述支撑件处于所述第二状态时，所述挤胀件的至少部分与所述支撑件相抵接以挤压所述支撑件，并使所述容纳空间的容积相对所述支撑件处于所述第一状态时变小；
    将所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体。
  15. 一种电池的制造设备，其特征在于，包括：
    提供模块，用于提供电池单体和箱体，所述箱体包括：
    支撑件，用于支撑所述电池单体；
    挤胀件，所述挤胀件被配置为挤压所述支撑件以使所述支撑件由第一状态切换至第二状态；
    在所述支撑件处于所述第一状态时，所述支撑件与所述电池单体之间形成用于容纳粘接剂的容纳空间，所述粘接剂用于粘接所述支撑件与所述电池单体；
    在所述支撑件处于所述第二状态时，所述挤胀件的至少部分与所述支撑件相抵接以挤压所述支撑件，并使所述容纳空间的容积相对所述支撑件处于所述第一状态时变小；
    装配模块，用于将所述电池单体容纳于所述箱体。
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