WO2023029681A1 - 一种废料收集设备 - Google Patents

一种废料收集设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023029681A1
WO2023029681A1 PCT/CN2022/100527 CN2022100527W WO2023029681A1 WO 2023029681 A1 WO2023029681 A1 WO 2023029681A1 CN 2022100527 W CN2022100527 W CN 2022100527W WO 2023029681 A1 WO2023029681 A1 WO 2023029681A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste
box
air pressure
buffer
pressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/100527
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓志勇
禹如初
乔印勇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to ES22862822T priority Critical patent/ES3061526T3/es
Priority to EP22862822.8A priority patent/EP4249140B1/en
Publication of WO2023029681A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023029681A1/zh
Priority to US18/446,493 priority patent/US12037189B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/1405—Compressing means incorporated in, or specially adapted for, refuse receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/32—Compressing or compacting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/0052—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for fluid driven presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/301—Feed means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/32—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
    • B30B9/327—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for briquetting scrap metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/162—Pressing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/167—Sealing means

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of waste collection, and in particular, to a waste collection device.
  • the basic materials of lithium batteries include positive and negative pole pieces. Before the winding process, it is necessary to die-cut the metal pole piece to make it reach the required width. The die-cutting process often brings metal scraps, which are scattered on the workshop floor, affecting the cleanliness of the environment and posing safety hazards , which needs to be cleaned up.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a waste collection device, which can collect metal waste and reduce the frequency of personnel cleaning the waste.
  • a waste collection device includes: a buffer box, a pressing box, and a pressing mechanism; the buffer box is used to receive and buffer the waste generated by the die-cutting equipment; the pressing box is used to receive the waste in the buffer box waste material; the pressing mechanism is used to compress the waste material in the pressing box; wherein, the buffer box is provided with a first blanking port, which is used for the communication between the buffer box and the pressing box; the first blanking port is provided with a first valve , the first valve is used to open or close the first discharge opening to control whether the buffer tank discharges waste.
  • the press mechanism can press the press box Compress the waste material to deform the fluffy metal waste and form a denser metal waste block.
  • the first valve can be closed to close the first discharge port, so as to divide the space between the buffer box and the pressing box. Separated to prevent the waste in the buffer box from continuously pouring into the pressing box during the process of compressing the waste by the pressing mechanism, which will affect the normal operation of the pressing mechanism and reduce the compactness of the metal scrap block.
  • a plurality of through first air holes are provided on the side wall of the buffer box for receiving external airflow so that the waste material falls from the first discharge port.
  • the external device blows air into the buffer tank through the first air hole, so that the waste in the buffer tank falls from the first discharge port into the press box, and the falling of the waste is accelerated. And prevent the waste from being stuck in the buffer box and not falling completely.
  • the section of the buffer box along the horizontal direction decreases gradually from top to bottom, and the first discharge opening is located at the smallest section of the buffer box, so as to reduce waste remaining in the buffer box.
  • the section of the buffer box along the horizontal direction is gradually reduced from top to bottom, which is beneficial for the waste collected in the buffer box to concentrate at the first discharge port under the action of its own gravity, and to be discharged from the first drop.
  • the material port falls, so that the waste material falls more thoroughly, reducing the residue of waste material in the buffer box.
  • the waste material collection device further includes a waste material pipe, which is used to make the waste material generated by the die-cutting device flow into the buffer tank through the waste material pipe.
  • the requirements for the installation position of the waste collection equipment are relatively low, and the installation direction and length of the waste pipe can be used to adapt to the position of the waste collection equipment relative to the die-cutting equipment, so that the installation position and space of the waste collection equipment are limited. Small.
  • the waste collection device further includes an air pressure control device for controlling the air pressure in the buffer tank to be lower than the air pressure at the inlet of the waste pipe, so as to change the speed at which waste flows into the buffer tank through the waste pipe.
  • the waste material flows from the feed port of the waste pipe to the buffer tank through the air pressure difference at both ends of the waste pipe, and the flow rate of the waste material is controlled by controlling the air pressure difference to meet the actual production needs, and the adaptability of the equipment is better. powerful.
  • the air pressure control device is connected to an air pressure tube, the air pressure tube is at least partly located in the buffer box, and the air pressure tube is provided with an air pressure control port, which is used to make the inner cavity of the air pressure tube communicate with the buffer box to control the air pressure in the buffer box.
  • the air pressure control device extracts the gas in the buffer tank through the air pressure control port on the air pressure tube, or blows gas into the buffer tank, and further controls the gas in the buffer tank by controlling the extraction speed or blowing speed of the gas.
  • Air pressure so as to control the speed of the waste material flowing into the buffer box, which is convenient and easy to implement.
  • the portion of the air pressure tube within the buffer tank is located above the interior of the buffer tank to prevent waste from clogging the air pressure control port.
  • the waste material entering the buffer tank falls under the buffer tank under the action of gravity, reducing the accumulation of waste material on the wall of the air pressure pipe, preventing the waste material from approaching the air pressure control port under the action of air pressure, and blocking the air pressure control port.
  • an isolation plate is provided inside the buffer tank for isolating the air pressure control port and the discharge port of the waste pipe, and the two sides of the isolation plate communicate with each other in gas.
  • the isolation plate isolates the waste in the buffer box from the air pressure control port, further preventing the waste from blocking the air pressure control port under the action of air pressure.
  • the press box includes:
  • the blanking chamber is used to receive the waste from the buffer box through the first blanking port
  • a nip chamber for receiving waste material from the blank chamber and defining a compaction area for the waste material
  • a guide for introducing waste from the blanking chamber into the pressing chamber is provided.
  • the waste material falling into the first blanking port is more concentrated, by making the waste material enter the blanking chamber first, and then enter into the pressing chamber through the guide, so that the relatively concentrated waste material discharged from the first blanking port is in the Scattering in the pressing chamber makes the metal waste blocks compressed by the pressing mechanism more uniform in density at different positions, and is not easy to disperse, which facilitates the cleaning and transportation of the waste blocks.
  • a second air hole is provided on the side wall of the pressing chamber far away from the blanking chamber, and the second air hole is connected to an air pressure control device outside the pressing box to make the waste fall into the pressing chamber away from the blanking chamber. side.
  • the waste material under the action of its own gravity, the waste material will be preferentially accumulated on the side of the waste material cavity close to the blanking cavity, which will cause the waste material to be unevenly distributed in the pressure material cavity and reduce the quality of the pressed waste material block.
  • the air pressure control device By making the air flow in the pressing chamber flow in the direction close to the second air hole, the lighter waste materials are driven to move away from the blanking chamber, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of waste materials in the pressing chamber, thereby improving the The quality of the pressed scrap clumps prevents the clumps from falling apart during cleaning, transport, etc.
  • the pressing mechanism includes a pressing plate for compressing the waste in the pressing chamber, and the pressing plate is provided with a third air hole passing through both sides thereof, and the third air hole is used for discharging the gas between the waste when compressing the waste.
  • the gas in the space between the waste materials can be discharged from the third air hole, so that the pressing plate can continue to press the waste materials forward.
  • the side of the pressing plate in contact with the waste has a protruding support block for pressing the waste, and the support block is arranged to avoid the third air hole.
  • the support block is located between the pressing plate and the waste material, preventing the third air hole from being blocked due to too close contact between the waste material during the process of squeezing the waste material.
  • the edges of the blocks are looser to prevent the support blocks from unraveling.
  • the support block is a non-metallic block.
  • the support block is in direct contact with the metal scrap, thereby preventing the metal scrap from directly contacting the pressing plate, and causing scratches and damage to the pressing plate when the pressure is high.
  • the waste collection device further includes a waste box for collecting waste in the press box.
  • the waste blocks that have been compressed in the press box are collected in the waste box, thereby freeing up the space in the press box for the waste materials in the buffer box to fall into.
  • the waste box can be compressed into blocks Due to the high density of waste in the waste block, the same volume of waste can actually hold more waste in the waste box, and the time interval between two adjacent cleanings of the waste box is longer, reducing Increased the frequency of personnel cleaning up waste.
  • a sealing assembly is provided between the bottom wall of the press box and the waste box to prevent the waste from spilling out of the waste box.
  • the sealing assembly includes:
  • the upper sealing plate is connected to the bottom of the press box
  • the lower sealing plate is used to butt against the edge of the opening of the waste bin
  • the sealing cover is connected between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate to realize the sealing between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate.
  • the sealing assembly realizes the sealing between the press box and the waste box, preventing smaller waste particles from falling out from the edge of the opening of the waste box when the waste block falls from the press box into the waste box.
  • the seal assembly also includes:
  • the driving part is used to drive the lower sealing plate to move relative to the upper sealing plate, so that the lower sealing plate can press against or loosen the edge of the opening of the waste bin.
  • the driving part drives the lower sealing plate to loosen the opening of the waste box
  • the waste box can be taken out, and the waste blocks collected in the waste box can be cleaned
  • the waste box can be removed Put it into the original position, and make the driving part drive the lower sealing plate close to the opening edge of the waste material box, and abut on the opening edge of the waste material box, and continue to seal between the pressing material box and the waste material box.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a waste collection device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of plane A-A in FIG. 1 .
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an open state of the first valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer box in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a press box in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a waste bin, a sealing assembly and a second valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of part B in FIG. 2 .
  • multiple means more than two (including two), and similarly, “multiple groups” means more than two (including two).
  • connection or “connection” of mechanical structures It may refer to a physical connection, for example, a physical connection may be a fixed connection, such as a fixed connection through a fixture, such as a fixed connection through screws, bolts or other fasteners; a physical connection may also be a detachable connection, such as Mutual clamping or clamping connection; the physical connection may also be an integral connection, for example, welding, bonding or integrally formed connection for connection.
  • connection or “connection” of the circuit structure may not only refer to a physical connection, but also an electrical connection or a signal connection, for example, it may be a direct connection, that is, a physical connection, or an indirect connection through at least one intermediate component, As long as the circuit is connected, it can also be the internal connection of two components; besides the signal connection through the circuit, the signal connection can also refer to the signal connection through the media medium, for example, radio waves.
  • the basic unit that constitutes the battery is a battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode assembly, and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that a large current is passed without fusing, the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be PP or PE.
  • Metal waste includes strip-shaped waste and granular waste. Strip-shaped waste takes up a lot of space and needs to be cleaned frequently during the collection process. Granular waste is scattered on the workshop floor, making it difficult to collect thoroughly. This not only affects the environmental cleanliness of the workshop, but also If people trample on them, they may be scratched, which poses a safety hazard.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a waste collection device in the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is A-A in Figure 1
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a waste collection device, which includes a buffer box 1 , a pressing box 7 and a pressing mechanism 8 .
  • the buffer box 1 is used to receive and buffer the waste produced by the die-cutting equipment
  • the press box 7 is used to receive the waste in the buffer box 1
  • the pressing mechanism 8 is used to compress the waste in the press box 7 .
  • the buffer box 1 is provided with a first blanking port 5, and the first blanking port 5 communicates the buffer box 1 with the press box 7; the first blanking port 5 is provided with a first valve 6, and the first valve 6 is used for To open or close the first discharge port 5 to control whether the buffer box 1 discharges waste.
  • the communication between the buffer box 1 and the press box 7 may be directly communicated through the first blanking port 5, for example, the buffer box 1 and the press box 7 have a common side wall, and the first blanking port 5 penetrates the common side wall so that the buffer box 1 is directly connected to the press box 7.
  • the communication between the buffer box 1 and the press box 7 can also be communicated by a transmission member.
  • the transmission member can be a pipeline, a diversion groove, a screw conveying mechanism, etc., and one end of the transmission member is connected to the first blanking port 5, The other end is connected to the press box 7, and the waste material discharged from the first discharge port 5 is conveyed into the press box 7 through the conveying member.
  • the shape of the first discharge opening 5 may be circular, square or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the first valve 6 can be a standard part or a non-standard part of any structure.
  • the first valve 6 is a standard part, such as a butterfly valve, its usage is the same as that of the standard part in the prior art, and the embodiment of the present application will not repeat them. .
  • the first valve 6 When the first valve 6 is a non-standard part, as long as the first valve 6 can flexibly open and close the first discharge port 5, for example, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 3 is the first valve 6 open state Schematic diagram, in some embodiments, the first valve 6 includes a guide rail 61, a baffle plate 62 and a first cylinder 63, the guide rail 61 is located on both sides of the first blanking port 5, the two guide rails 61 are parallel to each other, and the two guide rails 61 are mutually The opposite side is provided with a draw-in groove (not shown in the figure) along the length direction, and the edge of the baffle plate 62 is embedded in the draw-in groove, and the first cylinder 63 is fixed on the side of the first blanking port 5, the first The expansion and contraction direction of the cylinder 63 is substantially parallel to the length direction of the guide rail 61.
  • the end of the piston rod of the first cylinder 63 is connected to the material retaining plate 62.
  • the material retaining plate 62 is driven to move away. Move in the direction of the first blanking port 5, so that the first blanking port 5 is opened to discharge the waste in the buffer box 1; material opening 5, and gradually cover the first blanking opening 5, thereby separating the space between the buffer box 1 and the pressing box 7, so that the buffer box 1 can continue to buffer waste materials.
  • the pressing mechanism 8 can cooperate with the side wall of the pressing box 7 to squeeze the waste material, for example, a certain part of the pressing mechanism 8 is gradually approaching a certain side wall of the pressing box 7, and gradually shrinks in the process The space where the waste material is located, thereby realizing the compression of the waste material.
  • the working principle of the above embodiment is: when the first valve 6 is opened, the metal scrap produced by the die-cutting equipment falls into the buffer box 1 and falls into the press box 7 from the first blanking port 5 of the buffer box 1 , the pressing mechanism 8 can compress the waste in the pressing box 7, deform the fluffy metal scrap and form a metal scrap block with a higher density, and the first valve 6 can be closed during the pressing process, so that the first blanking port 5 is closed to separate the space between the buffer box 1 and the press box 7, preventing the waste in the buffer box 1 from continuously pouring into the press box 7 during the process of compressing the waste by the press mechanism 8, which will affect the
  • the normal operation of the pressing mechanism 8 reduces the compactness of the scrap metal block; after the pressing is completed, the first valve 6 is opened, so that the waste in the buffer box 1 falls into the pressing box 7 for being compressed next time.
  • This solution collects waste materials through the buffer box 1 to prevent the waste materials from being scattered in the workshop and affect the safety of the workshop environment and personnel and equipment; the waste materials are compressed by the pressing mechanism 8, thereby reducing the occupied space of the waste materials and reducing the cleaning frequency of the waste materials; through The first blanking port 5 is set between the buffer tank 1 and the press box 7, and the first valve 6 is set on the first blanking port 5, so that the waste in the buffer tank 1 can pass through the opening of the first valve 6 And directly discharge in the press box 7.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the buffer tank 1.
  • the side wall of the buffer tank 1 is provided with a plurality of through first air holes 11 for receiving external airflow, so that the waste material from The first blanking port 5 falls.
  • the number of the first air hole 11 can be one or more, and the first air hole 11 can be a round hole or a hole of other shapes, as long as it is ensured that the first air hole 11 communicates with the inside and outside of the buffer box 1.
  • the first air hole 11 can be located on the side wall on the opposite side of the first blanking opening 5, or, when there is a dead space in the buffer box 1 that is prone to residual waste, the first air hole 11 can also be located on the opposite side of the dead space or at the position of the dead space. Nearby, so that when the external airflow blows in, the impact of the airflow is used to move the waste material, and it falls from the first discharge opening 5 as thoroughly as possible.
  • the external device blows air into the buffer tank 1 through the first air hole 11, so that the waste in the buffer tank 1 falls from the first discharge port 5 to the press box 7 Inside, accelerate the falling of the waste material, and prevent the waste material from stagnating in the buffer box 1 and falling incompletely.
  • the section of the buffer box 1 along the horizontal direction gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the first discharge opening 5 is located at the smallest section of the buffer box 1 to reduce waste material in the buffer box 1. Residue in cache box 1.
  • the first discharge opening 5 can completely cover the minimum section of the buffer box 1, that is, the buffer box 1 does not have a bottom wall but forms an opening at the bottom, and the size of the opening is equal to the section of the minimum section of the first discharge opening 5 size.
  • the size of the first blanking opening 5 is smaller than the size of the smallest section of the buffer box 1, that is, the buffer box 1 has a bottom wall, and the first blanking opening 5 is opened on the bottom wall of the buffer box 1, but
  • the size of the first discharge opening 5 is smaller than the size of the bottom wall and part of the bottom wall is reserved.
  • the horizontal cross-section of the buffer box 1 gradually decreases from top to bottom, which is beneficial to make the waste in the buffer box 1 gather at the first discharge port 5 under the action of its own gravity, and discharge it from the first discharge port. 5 falls, so that the waste material falls more thoroughly, reducing the residue of waste material in the buffer box 1.
  • the waste material collecting device further includes a waste material pipe 2 , which is used to make the waste generated by the die-cutting equipment flow into the buffer tank 1 through the waste material pipe 2 .
  • the waste pipe 2 can be a metal pipe or a non-metal pipe.
  • the feed end of the waste pipe 2 is connected to the position where the waste is generated, such as the waste port of the die-cutting equipment, the waste port of the laser chamber, the waste port of the slitting knife, etc., and the discharge end Connect to buffer box 1.
  • the height of the feed end of the waste pipe 2 is higher than the height of the discharge end, so that the waste in the waste pipe 2 can flow along the waste pipe 2 into the buffer box 1 at the discharge end under the action of its own gravity , no external force is required to drive the waste flow.
  • the setting of the waste material pipe 2 reduces the requirements for the installation position of the waste material collection equipment. It is enough to adapt the position of the waste material collection equipment relative to the die-cutting equipment through the setting direction and length of the waste material pipe 2, so as to ensure the installation position and space of the waste material collection equipment. Less restrictive.
  • transporting the waste material through the waste material pipe 2 can prevent the waste material from spilling out during the transmission process, which is beneficial to improving the environmental cleanliness of the production site.
  • the waste collection equipment also includes an air pressure control device (not shown in the figure), which is used to control the air pressure in the buffer tank 1 to be less than the air pressure at the inlet of the waste pipe 2, so as to change the flow of waste through the waste pipe 2. Speed of cache bin 1.
  • the air pressure control device can be, for example, a negative pressure blower, a negative pressure pump, etc., and the gas in the buffer tank 1 is extracted by the air pressure control device, so that the air pressure in the buffer tank 1 is less than the air pressure at the feed port of the waste pipe 2, and the air pressure in the buffer tank 1 is passed through the waste pipe 2.
  • the air pressure difference at the end makes the waste flow from the feed port of the waste pipe 2 to the buffer tank 1, and the flow rate of the waste is controlled by controlling the air pressure difference to meet the actual production needs, and the adaptability of the equipment is stronger.
  • the air pressure control device is connected to the air pressure pipe 3, the air pressure pipe 3 is at least partly located in the buffer box 1, and the air pressure pipe 3 is provided with an air pressure control port 31 for making the air pressure pipe 3.
  • the inner chamber is in gas communication with the buffer tank 1 to control the air pressure in the buffer tank 1.
  • the air pressure tube 3 can be a telescopic tube or a non-telescopic tube.
  • the air pressure control device extends into the buffer box 1 through the air pressure tube 3 to control the air pressure in the buffer box 1.
  • the air pressure control port 31 is located at the point where the air pressure tube 3 extends.
  • the part inside the buffer tank 1 may be located at the end of the air pressure pipe 3 or at any position on the pipe wall of the air pressure pipe 3 .
  • the air pressure control port 31 is arranged on the tube wall of the air pressure tube 3, and runs through the tube wall of the air pressure tube 3.
  • the air pressure control port 31 has a diameter of 10 mm. and the number of air pressure control ports 31 is multiple, and a plurality of air pressure control ports 31 are arranged in an annular array around the pipe wall, and the annular array has one or more circles.
  • the position of each air pressure control port 31 can also be omitted. It is very precise, as long as it is ensured that each air pressure control port 31 can make the inner cavity of the air pressure pipe 3 communicate with the buffer tank 1 in gas.
  • the air pressure control device extracts the gas in the buffer tank 1 through the air pressure control port 31 on the air pressure tube 3, or blows gas into the buffer tank 1, and further controls
  • the air pressure in the buffer box 1 controls the speed at which the waste material flows into the buffer box 1, which is convenient and easy to implement.
  • the tube wall of the air pressure pipe 3 has a relatively large range, there are many locations where the air pressure control ports 31 can be installed, and the air pressure control ports 31 can be dispersedly arranged in multiple positions, so that the air pressure in the entire buffer tank 1 is relatively uniform , to prevent the waste material caused by too high local air pressure from being inhaled continuously, or the waste material caused by too low local air pressure to accumulate locally.
  • the part of the air pressure pipe 3 inside the buffer tank 1 is located above the inside of the buffer tank 1 to prevent waste materials from clogging the air pressure control port 31 .
  • the air pressure pipe 3 controls the air pressure in the buffer tank 1 through the air pressure control port 31 , so that the waste material enters the buffer tank 1 .
  • the waste material that enters the buffer box 1 falls under the buffer box 1 under the action of gravity, reducing the accumulation of waste material on the wall of the air pressure pipe 3, and preventing the waste material from approaching the air pressure control port 31 due to the low air pressure at the air pressure control port 31, and blocking the air pressure Control port 31 .
  • the buffer tank 1 is provided with an isolation plate 4 for isolating the air pressure control port 31 and the discharge port of the waste pipe 2, and the two sides of the isolation plate 4 are in gas communication.
  • the structure of the isolation plate 4 is a plate-shaped object with holes, for example, the isolation plate 4 is a stainless steel plate, and a plurality of holes 41 are provided on the stainless steel plate, and the two sides of the isolation plate 4 are communicated through the holes 41, so that The two sides of the isolation plate 4 are in gas communication.
  • the isolation plate 4 in FIG. 4 has the same structure as the isolation plate 4 in this embodiment.
  • the isolation plate 4 may be a mesh plate, for example, the isolation plate 4 is woven from metal or non-metal, and the isolation plate 4 has dense meshes so that the gas on both sides thereof is the same.
  • the size of the hole 41 or the mesh on the separation plate 4 is smaller than the size of the air pressure control port 31 on the air pressure pipe 3, for example, when the diameter of the air pressure control port 31 on the air pressure pipe 3 is 10 mm, the separation plate The diameter of the hole 41 on 4 is less than 10 millimeters, for example can be 5 millimeters, thereby prevents waste from passing through the hole on the separating plate 4 to reach the air pressure control port 31 on the air pressure pipe 3, and enter the air pressure control port 31 and damage the air pressure control device .
  • the separation plate 4 will block the waste on the side away from the air pressure pipe 3, making it difficult for the waste to approach the air pressure Control port 31, so as to further prevent the waste material from blocking the air pressure control port 31 under the action of air pressure, so that the air pressure control port 31 can continuously control the air pressure in the buffer tank 1.
  • the pressing box 7 includes a blanking chamber 71 , a pressing chamber 72 and a guide 73 .
  • the blanking cavity 71 is used to receive the waste material of the buffer box 1 through the first blanking opening 5, for example, the blanking cavity 71 is facing the first blanking opening 5, and is positioned at the bottom of the first blanking opening 5, and the waste material comes from After the first blanking port 5 falls, it first enters the blanking chamber 71 .
  • the pressing cavity 72 is used to receive the waste material in the blanking cavity 71 and define a compressed area for the waste material.
  • the guide piece 73 is used to guide the waste material from the blanking chamber 71 into the pressing chamber 72 .
  • the density of the compressed waste material block may not be uniform enough, and the waste material in some areas is relatively dense, which is not easy Scatter, but the waste in other areas is relatively loose, and it is easy to scatter during the process of cleaning and handling; in addition, the granular waste will not be tightly squeezed and wrapped in the waste block. It is easy to scatter, causing environmental pollution and causing safety accidents such as personnel and component scratches.
  • the guide 73 is a plate-shaped member located between the blanking chamber 71 and the pressing chamber 72 , and the waste material slides down into the pressing chamber 72 along the plate-shaped member after entering the blanking chamber 71 .
  • the guide 73 is one of the side walls of the press box 7, and the side wall can be set to be inclined.
  • the higher end of the side wall corresponds to the blanking cavity 71, and the lower end of the side wall corresponds to the pressing chamber 71.
  • the relatively concentrated waste discharged from the first blanking port 5 is dispersed in the pressing chamber 72 through the blanking chamber 71 and the guide 73, so that the pieces of metal scrap compressed by the pressing mechanism 8 are in different positions.
  • the density is more uniform, it is not easy to disperse, and it is convenient for the cleaning and transportation of waste blocks.
  • the side wall of the pressing chamber 72 away from the blanking chamber 71 is provided with a second air hole 74, and the second air hole 74 is connected to an air pressure control device outside the pressing box 7 (not shown in the figure). Shown) is used to make the waste material fall to the side of the pressing chamber 72 away from the blanking chamber 71.
  • the control device makes the air flow in the pressing chamber 72 flow in a direction close to the second air hole 74, thereby driving the waste to move away from the blanking chamber 71, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the waste in the pressing chamber 72, thereby It is beneficial to improve the quality of the pressed waste block and prevent the waste block from spreading during cleaning, transportation and the like.
  • the pressing mechanism 8 includes a pressing plate 81 for compressing the waste in the pressing chamber 72, the pressing plate 81 is provided with a third air hole 811 passing through its two sides, the third Air holes 811 are used to discharge gas between the waste materials when the waste materials are compressed.
  • a plurality of third air holes 811 are provided on the pressing plate 81 , and the plurality of third air holes 811 are used to discharge gas between waste materials at different positions.
  • the pressing plate 81 is located in the pressing chamber 72 , and can be driven manually or by a driving element to approach a certain side wall of the pressing chamber 72 .
  • the pressing plate 81 is arranged on the top of the pressing chamber 72, and the pressing box 7
  • a second cylinder 82 is arranged outside of the outside, and the second cylinder 82 is vertically arranged.
  • the piston rod of the second cylinder 82 extends from the top wall of the press box 7 into the press chamber 72, and connects the press plate in the press chamber 72. 81.
  • the bottom wall of the pressing chamber 72 is surrounded by side walls.
  • the edge of the pressing plate 81 Contact with the side wall of the pressing chamber 72 , thereby confining the waste between the pressing plate 81 , the side wall of the pressing chamber 72 and the bottom wall of the pressing chamber 72 .
  • the piston rod of the second cylinder 82 When the piston rod of the second cylinder 82 stretches out, it drives the pressing plate 81 close to the bottom wall of the pressing chamber 72, and gradually reduces the volume of the waste in the pressing chamber 72 during this process, so that the waste is squeezed and deformed, becoming Densification, in the process of the waste materials becoming dense, the gas in the gap between the waste materials needs to be discharged, at this time, the gas between the waste materials can be discharged from the third air hole 811, so that the pressing plate 81 can continue to move to squeeze the waste materials.
  • the side of the pressing plate 81 in contact with the waste has a protruding support block 812 for pressing the waste, and the support block 812 is arranged to avoid the third air hole 811 .
  • the support block 812 is located between the pressing plate 81 and the waste material, preventing the third air hole 811 from being blocked due to too close contact between the waste material during the process of squeezing the waste material, and affecting the discharge of gas between the waste materials.
  • the setting of the support block 812 can strengthen the overall strength of the pressing plate 81, and can prevent the edge of the pressing plate 81 from warping and deforming in a direction away from the waste material so that the edge of the waste block is relatively loose, and prevents the compression-molded waste block from dispersing.
  • support block 812 is a non-metallic block.
  • the support block 812 can be a polyurethane block, a ceramic block or a plastic block, etc., and the shape of the support block 812 can be a bar, a ring, a wave or a column, etc., depending on the distribution position of the third air hole 811, as long as the support block The setting of 812 only needs to avoid the third air hole 811 .
  • the support block 812 is in direct contact with the metal scrap, thereby preventing the metal scrap from directly contacting the pressing plate 81, and preventing the scrap from scratching and deforming the pressing plate 81 under high pressure.
  • the waste material collecting device further includes a waste material box 9 for collecting the waste material in the press box 7 .
  • waste blocks that have been compressed in the press box 7 are collected in the waste box 9, thereby freeing up the space in the press box 7 for the waste materials in the buffer box 1 to fall into.
  • the waste material box 9 can temporarily store the waste material compressed into blocks. Because the waste material density in the waste material block is relatively high, the waste material that can be accommodated in the waste material box 9 of the same volume is actually more. The time interval between two adjacent cleanings is longer, which reduces the frequency of personnel cleaning up waste.
  • the bottom of the press box 7 has a second blanking port 75, and the second blanking port 75 is provided with a second valve 76, and the second valve 76 is used for It is used to control the opening or closing of the second blanking port 75, so as to control whether the second blanking port 75 discharges the waste block formed by pressing.
  • the structure of the second valve 76 can be standard or non-standard.
  • the structure of the second valve 76 is the same as that of the first valve 6 , which will not be repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a sealing strip (not shown) can be provided on the inner edge of the second blanking opening 75, and when the second valve 76 is closed, The sealing strip seals between the second valve 76 and the second discharge port 75 , so that the air pressure control device can control the air pressure in the press box 7 through the second air hole 74 .
  • the waste box 9 is located directly below the second discharge opening 75, and the top of the waste box 9 is provided with an opening so that the waste block can pass through the second discharge opening. 75 directly falls in the waste bin 9 after falling.
  • Waste bin 9 is in use, and waste material band can be sleeved inside, as polybag, nylon bag etc., and the plastic bag shaping device in the prior art can be compounded on the inwall of waste bin 9 or opening, to the waste bag
  • the opening of the waste box 9 is opened to facilitate the falling of the waste block, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the use of the waste box 9 .
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the waste bin 9 assembled with the sealing assembly 10 and the second valve 76
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged structural schematic view of part B in Figure 2
  • the pressing material A sealing assembly 10 is provided between the bottom wall of the box 7 and the waste box 9 to prevent waste from spilling out of the waste box 9 .
  • the sealing assembly 10 includes an upper sealing plate 101 , a lower sealing plate 102 and a sealing cover 103 .
  • the upper sealing plate 101 is connected to the bottom of the press box 7 .
  • the lower sealing plate 102 is used to butt against the edge of the opening of the waste bin 9 .
  • the sealing cover 103 is connected between the upper sealing plate 101 and the lower sealing plate 102 to realize the sealing between the upper sealing plate 101 and the lower sealing plate 102 .
  • An opening is provided on the upper sealing plate 101 corresponding to the second blanking opening 75, and the size of the opening on the upper sealing plate 101 is greater than or equal to the second blanking opening 75, so that the waste materials in the press box 7 can fall smoothly.
  • Openings are also provided on the lower sealing plate 102, and the size of the opening on the lower sealing plate 102 is also greater than or equal to the second blanking opening 75, so that the waste in the press box 7 passes through the second blanking opening 75 and the upper sealing plate. The opening on the 101 can smoothly fall into the waste bin 9 afterwards.
  • the sealing cover 103 is located between the upper sealing plate 101 and the lower sealing plate 102, and is arranged around the opening on the upper sealing plate 101 and the opening on the lower sealing plate 102.
  • the sealing assembly 10 realizes the sealing between the press box 7 and the waste box 9, preventing the waste block from falling into the waste box 9 from the press box 7, and the smaller waste particles are released from the opening of the waste box 9. Edges fall out.
  • the sealing cover 103 can be stretched between the upper sealing plate 101 and the lower sealing plate 102 to adapt to the distance between the upper sealing plate 101 and the lower sealing plate 102 .
  • the sealing cover 103 is an organ cover.
  • the sealing assembly 10 further includes a driving member 104, and the driving member 104 is used to drive the lower sealing plate 102 to move relative to the upper sealing plate 101, so that the lower sealing plate 102 is pressed against or loosens the waste material. Opening edge of box 9.
  • the driving member 104 is fixed on the upper sealing plate 101 and drives the lower sealing plate 102 to move closer to or away from the upper sealing plate 101 .
  • the driver 104 includes a third air cylinder 1041, the cylinder body of the third air cylinder 1041 is fixed on the upper sealing plate 101, the piston rod of the third air cylinder 1041 is connected on the lower sealing plate 102, and when the piston rod of the third air cylinder 1041 stretches out , the lower sealing plate 102 is driven away from the upper sealing plate 101 , and when the piston rod of the third cylinder 1041 is retracted, the lower sealing plate 102 is driven close to the upper sealing plate 101 .
  • the driving member 104 includes a motor and a lead screw
  • the upper sealing plate 101 is connected in rotation with the lead screw
  • the lead screw and the lower sealing plate 102 are connected through a threaded nut structure
  • the electrodes drive the lead screw Rotate, so that the lower sealing plate 102 moves along the axial direction of the lead screw, so as to approach or move away from the upper sealing plate 101 .
  • a guide rod 105 is connected to the lower sealing plate 102, and the guide rod 105 extends to the side where the upper sealing plate 101 is located, and a guide hole 106 is opened on the upper sealing plate 101, and the guide rod 105 passes through the guide hole 106.
  • the outer wall of the guide rod 105 fits the inner wall of the guiding hole 106, so that the lower sealing plate 102 moves in a fixed direction.
  • waste box 9 can be taken out to clean up the waste pieces collected in the waste box 9;
  • drive member 104 drives lower sealing plate 102 near the edge of the opening of waste material box 9, and against the opening edge of waste material box 9, continue to press material box 7 and waste material box 9 to be sealed.
  • the bottom of the lower sealing plate 102 is provided with a buffer component, such as foam, rubber sheet, plastic strip, etc., through which the buffer component directly contacts the top opening of the waste bin 9 to prevent the lower sealing plate 102 from abutting against the waste bin 9 The moment produces a relatively violent collision impact.
  • a buffer component such as foam, rubber sheet, plastic strip, etc.
  • a waste collection device includes a frame 20, a buffer box 1, a pressing box 7, a pressing mechanism 8 and a waste box 9, and the frame 20 is a box-type structure ,
  • the buffer box 1, the pressing box 7, the pressing mechanism 8 and the waste box 9 are all arranged in the frame 20.
  • Buffer box 1 is positioned at the top in frame 20, and the position height of press box 7 is lower than the position height of buffer box 1, and buffer box 1 and pressing mechanism 8 are arranged on the top of press box 7 side by side, and the top of press box 7
  • the inner space is divided into a blanking chamber 71 and a pressing chamber 72.
  • the bottom wall of the blanking chamber 71 is inclined to form a guide 73.
  • the guide 73 goes downward from the side away from the pressing chamber 72 to the side close to the pressing chamber 72. It is arranged obliquely so that the waste material in the blanking chamber 71 enters the pressing chamber 72;
  • the waste material produced by the battery manufacturing equipment flows into the buffer box 1, and flows into the blanking cavity 71 through the first blanking opening 5 at the bottom of the buffer box 1, and finally flows to the pressure chamber 71 along the bottom wall of the blanking cavity 71.
  • Material chamber 72 when the waste material in the pressing chamber 72 reaches a predetermined amount, start the pressing mechanism 8 to press the material, and the primary valve (the first valve 6) is closed simultaneously.
  • the secondary valve the second valve 76, which was always closed before
  • the secondary valve is closed, and the primary valve is opened, repeating the above actions Collect materials until the waste box 9 is full; pull out the waste box 9, and process the waste in the waste box 9.
  • the equipment does not stop production, and the waste produced by the equipment is temporarily stored in the buffer box 1 and the pressing box within 7.
  • a waste block can be divided into multiple pressing moldings.
  • the pressing mechanism 8 Retract after pressing down, and press the existing waste material in the pressing chamber 72 into a smaller waste material block.
  • the volume of the waste material block is small and does not reach the preset volume, so it does not need to be discharged into the waste material box 9
  • the pressing chamber 72 collects waste from the buffer box 1 again.
  • the second valve 76 is opened to discharge the waste block in the pressing chamber 72 into the waste box 9.
  • the interval time of pressing mechanism 8 pressing materials can be set according to the volume of pressing chamber 72, the speed at which waste material enters waste bin 9 or the volume of the waste material in pressing chamber 72, for example, sensor is set in pressing chamber 72, when When the volume of waste material in the pressing chamber 72 accumulates to a certain amount, the pressing mechanism 8 presses the material once; or, calculated according to the time, the pressing mechanism 8 acts once every 30 minutes, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application .
  • the above-described waste collection equipment collects waste through the buffer box 1 to prevent the waste from being scattered in the workshop and affect the safety of the workshop environment and personnel and equipment; the waste is compressed by the pressing mechanism 8, thereby reducing the occupation of waste Space, reduce the frequency of waste cleaning; by setting the first blanking port 5 between the buffer box 1 and the press box 7, and setting the first valve 6 on the first blanking port 5, so that the buffer box 1
  • the waste material can be directly discharged into the press box 7 by opening the first valve 6 .

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  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

一种废料收集设备，其包括缓存箱（1）、压料箱（7）和压料机构（8），缓存箱用于接收并缓存模切设备产生的废料，压料箱用于承接缓存箱内的废料，压料机构用于压缩压料箱内的废料，其中，缓存箱设有第一落料口（5），用于缓存箱与压料箱的连通；第一落料口处设有第一阀门（6），第一阀门用于开启或关闭第一落料口以控制缓存箱是否排出废料。该设备能够对金属废料进行收集，并减少人员对废料的清理频次。

Description

一种废料收集设备
交叉引用
本申请引用于2021年09月01日递交的名称为“一种废料收集设备”的第202111019555.7号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及废料收集的技术领域，尤其涉及一种废料收集设备。
背景技术
随着现代社会的发展，以及能源和环境问题的日益突出，新能源汽车的普及度也越来越高，锂电池被广泛应用于混合动力汽车和电动汽车领域。
锂电池的基本材料包括正极极片和负极极片。在卷绕工序之前，需要对金属极片进行模切工序，使之达到需要的宽度，模切工序往往随之带来金属废料，金属废料散落在车间地面，影响环境整洁度，并且存在安全隐患，需要对其进行清理。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种废料收集设备，其能够对金属废料进行收集，并减少人员对废料的清理频次。
本申请实施例提供的一种废料收集设备包括：缓存箱、压料箱和压料机构；缓存箱，用于接收并缓存模切设备产生的废料；压料箱，用于承接缓存箱内的废料；压料机构，用于压缩压料箱内的废料；其中，缓存箱设有第一落料口，用于缓存箱与压料箱的连通；第一落料口处设有第一阀门，第一阀门用于开启或关闭第一落料口以控制缓存箱是否排出废料。
通过上述方案，在第一阀门打开的情况下，模切设备产生的金属废料先落到缓存箱内，再通过第一落料口落入压料箱内，压料机构可以对压料箱内的废料进行压缩，使蓬松的金属废料变形并形成密度较大的金属废料块，压料过程中可以关闭第一阀门，使得第一落料口闭合，以将缓存箱和压料箱的空间分隔开，防止在压料机构压缩废料的过程中，缓存箱内的废料源源不断地涌入到压料箱内，影响压料机构的正常作业，并降低金属废料块的密实度。压料完成后，重新打开第一阀门，使废料从缓存箱落入压料箱，用于 在下一次压料过程中被压缩。本方案通过缓存箱收集废料，防止废料散布在车间而影响车间环境及人员和设备的安全；通过压料机构对废料进行压缩，从而降低废料的占用空间，降低对废料的清理频次；通过在缓存箱和压料箱之间设置第一落料口，并在第一落料口上设置第一阀门，从而使得缓存箱内的废料能够通过第一阀门的打开而直接排出到压料箱内。
在一些实施例中，缓存箱的侧壁上设有多个贯通的第一气孔，用于接收外部气流，以使废料从第一落料口下落。
通过上述方案，在第一阀门开启的情况下，外部设备通过第一气孔向缓存箱内吹气，使得缓存箱内的废料从第一落料口落到压料箱内，加速废料的下落，并且防止废料滞留在缓存箱内，下落不彻底的情况发生。
在一些实施例中，缓存箱沿水平方向的截面从上到下逐渐减小，第一落料口位于缓存箱的最小截面处，以减少废料在缓存箱内的残留。
通过上述方案，缓存箱沿水平方向的截面从上到下逐渐减小的设置，有利于收集在缓存箱内的废料在自身重力的作用下在第一落料口处集中，并从第一落料口下落，从而使废料下落的更加彻底，减小废料在缓存箱内的残留。
在一些实施例中，废料收集设备还包括废料管，用于使模切设备产生的废料经废料管流入缓存箱。
通过上述方案，对废料收集设备的安装位置要求较低，通过废料管的设置方向和长度来适应废料收集设备相对模切设备的位置即可，从而对废料收集设备的安装位置和空间的限制较小。
在一些实施例中，废料收集设备还包括气压控制装置，用于控制缓存箱内的气压小于废料管的进料口的气压，以改变废料经废料管流入缓存箱的速度。
通过上述方案，通过废料管两端的气压差来使废料从废料管的进料口流到缓存箱内，通过控制气压差的大小来控制废料的流速，以适应实际生产需求，设备的适应性更强。
在一些实施例中，气压控制装置连接气压管，气压管至少部分位于缓存箱内，且气压管设有气压控制口，用于使气压管内腔与缓存箱气体连通以控制缓存箱内的气压。
通过上述方案，气压控制装置通过气压管上的气压控制口来抽取缓存箱内的气体，或者向缓存箱内鼓入气体，并通过控制气体的抽取速度或者鼓入速度，进一步控制缓存箱内的气压，从而控制废料流入缓存箱内的速度，方便且易实施。
在一些实施例中，气压管位于缓存箱内的部分位于缓存箱内部上方，以防止废料堵塞气压控制口。
通过上述方案，进入缓存箱内的废料在重力作用下落在缓存箱下方，减少废料在气压管壁上的堆积，防止废料在气压的作用下靠近气压控制口，并堵塞气压控制口。
在一些实施例中，缓存箱内设有隔离板，用于隔离气压控制口和废料管的出料口，隔离板两侧气体相通。
通过上述方案，隔离板将缓存箱内的废料和气压控制口隔离开，进一步防止废料在气压的作用下堵塞气压控制口。
在一些实施例中，压料箱包括:
落料腔，用于通过第一落料口接收缓存箱的废料；
压料腔；用于接收落料腔的废料并限定出废料的压缩区域；和
引导件，用于将落料腔的废料引入压料腔。
通过上述方案，第一落料口落入的废料较为集中，通过使废料先进入落料腔，再通过引导件进入到压料腔内，从而将第一落料口排出的较为集中的废料在压料腔内分散开，使得压料机构压缩出的金属废料块在不同位置的密度更加均匀，不容易散开，方便废料块的清理和运输。
在一些实施例中，压料腔远离落料腔的侧壁上设有第二气孔，第二气孔于压料箱外部连接气压控制装置，用于使废料落到压料腔远离落料腔一侧。
通过上述方案，废料在自身重力作用下，会优先堆积在废料腔靠近落料腔的一侧，这会导致废料在压料腔内分布不均，降低压制成型的废料块的质量，气压控制装置通过使压料腔内的气流向靠近第二气孔的方向上流动，从而带动较轻的废料向远离落料腔的方向上移动，有利于废料在压料腔内的均匀分布，从而有利于提高压制成型的废料块的质量，防止废料块在清理、运输等过程中散开。
在一些实施例中，压料机构包括压板，用于压缩压料腔内的废料，压板设有贯通其两侧的第三气孔，第三气孔用于在压缩废料时排出废料之间的气体。
通过上述方案，在压缩过程中，废料之间的空隙中的气体可以从第三气孔排出，使得压板得以继续向前挤压废料。
在一些实施例中，压板与废料接触的一侧具有凸出的支撑块，用于挤压废料，支撑块避开第三气孔设置。
通过上述方案，支撑块位于压板与废料之间，防止在挤压废料的过程中，第三气孔与废料之间接触过于紧密而被堵塞，同时，支撑块的设置可以防止压板边缘变形而使废料块边缘处较为松散，防止支撑块散开。
在一些实施例中，支撑块为非金属块。
通过上述方案，支撑块与金属废料直接接触，从而防止金属废料与压板直接接触，并在压强较大的情况下使压板产生划痕和发生损伤变形。
在一些实施例中，废料收集设备还包括废料箱，用于收集压料箱内的废料。
通过上述方案，在压料箱内压缩完成的废料块被收集在废料箱内，从而腾出压料箱内的空间，用于缓存箱内的废料落入，此外，废料箱可对压缩成块的废料进行暂存，由于废料块中的废料密度较大，因此，同样容积的废料箱内实质可容纳的废料更多，对废料箱的相邻两次清理之间的时间间隔更久，降低了人员对废料的清理频次。
在一些实施例中，压料箱的底壁与废料箱之间设有密封组件，用于防止废料撒出废料箱，密封组件包括：
上密封板，连接于压料箱底部；
下密封板，用于抵紧废料箱的开口边缘；
密封罩，连接于上密封板与下密封板之间，以实现上密封板与下密封板之间的密封。
通过上述方案，密封组件实现了压料箱与废料箱之间的密封，防止废料块从压料箱落入废料箱的过程中，较小的废料颗粒从废料箱的开口边缘掉出。
在一些实施例中，密封组件还包括：
驱动件，用于驱动下密封板相对上密封板运动，以使下密封板抵紧或松开废料箱的开口边缘。
通过上述方案，当驱动件驱动下密封板松开废料箱的开口时，可将废料箱取出，对废料箱内收集的废料块进行清理；当废料箱内的废料被清理完毕时，将废料箱放入原位，并使驱动件带动下密封板靠近废料箱的开口边缘，并抵在废料箱的开口边缘上，继续对压料箱和废料箱之间进行密封。
上述说明仅是本申请实施例技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请实施例的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请实施例的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例一种废料收集设备的整体结构示意图。
图2为图1中A-A面的剖视示意图。
图3为本申请一实施例第一阀门打开状态下的示意图。
图4为本申请一实施例中缓存箱的结构示意图。
图5为本申请一实施例中压料箱的结构示意图。
图6为本申请一实施例中压料机构的结构示意图。
图7为本申请一实施例废料箱与密封组件及第二阀门组装的结构示意图。
图8为图2中B部分的放大结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1、缓存箱；11、第一气孔；2、废料管；3、气压管；31、气压控制口；4、隔离板；41、孔洞；5、第一落料口；6、第一阀门；61、导轨；62、挡料板；63、第一气缸；7、压料箱；71、落料腔；72、压料腔；73、引导件；74、第二气孔；75、第二落料口；76、第二阀门；8、压料机构；81、压板；811、第三气孔；812、支撑块；82、第二气缸；9、废料箱；10、密封组件；101、上密封板；102、下密封板；103、密封罩；104、驱动件；1041、第三气缸；105、导向杆；106、导向孔；20、机架。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖而不排除其它的内容。单词“一”或“一个”并不排除存在多个。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语“实施例”并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的废料收集设备的具体结构进行限定。例如，在本申请的描述中，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序，可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，机械结构的“相连”或“连接”可以是指物理上的连接，例如，物理上的连接可以是固定连接，例如通过固定件固定连接，例如通过螺丝、螺栓或其它固定件固定连接；物理上的连接也可以是可拆卸连接，例如相互卡接或卡合连接；物理上的连接也可以是一体地连接，例如，焊接、粘接或一体成型形成连接进行连接。电路结构的“相连”或“连接”除了可以是指物理上的连接，还可以是指电连接或信号连接，例如，可以是直接相连，即物理连接，也可以通过中间至少一个元件间接相连，只要达到电路相通即可，还可以是两个元件内部的连通；信号连接除了可以通过电路进行信号连接外，也可以是指通过媒体介质进行信号连接，例如，无线电波。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
构成电池的基本单元为电池单体，电池单体包括外壳、电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物 质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP或PE等。
在电池单体的制造过程中，正极集流体或负极集流体的原材料往往尺寸较大，需要按照电池单体的规格将其切割成需要的形状和大小，切割工序往往随之带来金属废料，金属废料包括条状废料和颗粒状废料，条状废料占用空间大，收集过程中需要进行频繁清理，颗粒状废料散落在车间地面，彻底收集较为困难，不仅影响车间的环境整洁度，而且一旦有人员踩踏经过，就可能划伤人员，存在安全隐患。
为了解决相关技术中存在的废料收集困难和人员频繁清理的问题，如图1和图2所示，图1为本申请实施例一种废料收集设备的整体结构示意图，图2为图1中A-A面的剖视示意图，本申请实施例提供了一种废料收集设备，其包括缓存箱1、压料箱7和压料机构8。缓存箱1用于接收并缓存模切设备产生的废料；压料箱7用于承接缓存箱1内的废料；压料机构8用于压缩压料箱7内的废料。
其中，缓存箱1设有第一落料口5，第一落料口5使缓存箱1与压料箱7连通；第一落料口5处设有第一阀门6，第一阀门6用于开启或关闭第一落料口5以控制缓存箱1是否排出废料。
在上述实施例中，缓存箱1与压料箱7之间的连通可以是通过第一落料口5直接连通，例如，缓存箱1与压料箱7具有公共侧壁，第一落料口5贯通该公共侧壁而使缓存箱1与压料箱7直接相连。
缓存箱1与压料箱7之间的连通也可以是通过传送件连通，例如，传送件可以是管道、导流槽、螺旋输送机构等等，传送件的一端连接第一落料口5，另一端连通至压料箱7内，从第一落料口5排出的废料经传送件传送到压料箱7内。
第一落料口5的形状可以是圆形、方形或者其它形状，本申请实施例不做限定。
第一阀门6的结构可以是任意结构的标准件或非标准件，当第一阀门6为标准件时，例如蝶阀，其与现有技术中标准件的用法相同，本申请实施例不再赘述。当第一阀门 6为非标准件时，只要第一阀门6能够灵活地打开和关闭第一落料口5即可，例如，如图3所示，图3为第一阀门6打开状态下的示意图，在一些实施例中，第一阀门6包括导轨61、挡料板62和第一气缸63，导轨61位于第一落料口5两侧，两个导轨61互相平行，两个导轨61相互正对的一侧沿长度方向设置有卡槽(图中未示出)，挡料板62边缘嵌设在卡槽内，第一气缸63固定于第一落料口5的侧方，第一气缸63的伸缩方向与导轨61的长度方向基本平行，第一气缸63的活塞杆端部连接在挡料板62上，当第一气缸63的活塞杆伸出时，带动挡料板62向远离第一落料口5的方向上移动，从而使第一落料口5打开以排出缓存箱1内的废料；当第一气缸63的活塞杆缩回时，带动挡料板62靠近第一落料口5，并逐渐遮挡第一落料口5，从而隔开缓存箱1与压料箱7的空间，使缓存箱1得以继续缓存废料。
压料机构8可以与压料箱7的侧壁配合而对废料进行挤压，例如，压料机构8的某个部分逐渐靠近压料箱7的某一侧壁，并在此过程中逐渐缩小废料所在的空间，从而实现对废料的压缩。
上述实施例的作用原理是：在第一阀门6打开的状态下，模切设备产生的金属废料落到缓存箱1内并从缓存箱1的第一落料口5落入压料箱7内，压料机构8可以对压料箱7内的废料进行压缩，使蓬松的金属废料变形并形成密度较大的金属废料块，压料过程中可以关闭第一阀门6，使得第一落料口5闭合，以将缓存箱1和压料箱7的空间分隔开，防止在压料机构8压缩废料的过程中，缓存箱1内的废料源源不断地涌入到压料箱7内，影响压料机构8的正常作业并降低金属废料块的密实度；压料完成之后再打开第一阀门6，使得缓存箱1内的废料落到压料箱7内，用于下一次被压缩。
该方案通过缓存箱1收集废料，防止废料散布在车间而影响车间环境及人员和设备的安全；通过压料机构8对废料进行压缩，从而降低废料的占用空间，降低对废料的清理频次；通过在缓存箱1和压料箱7之间设置第一落料口5，并在第一落料口5上设置第一阀门6，从而使得缓存箱1内的废料能够通过第一阀门6的打开而直接排出到压料箱7内。
如图4所示，图4为缓存箱1的结构示意图，在一些实施例中，缓存箱1的侧壁上设有多个贯通的第一气孔11，用于接收外部气流，以使废料从第一落料口5下落。
第一气孔11的数量可以是一个也可以是多个，第一气孔11可以是圆孔也可以是其他形状的孔，只要确保第一气孔11将缓存箱1内外连通即可，示例性的，第一气孔11可以位于第一落料口5对侧的侧壁上，或者，当缓存箱1内存在容易残留废料的死角时， 第一气孔11也可以位于该死角的对侧或者死角所在位置附近，从而在外部气流鼓入时，利用气流的冲击使废料移动，并尽可能彻底的从第一落料口5下落。
上述实施例中，在第一阀门6开启的情况下，外部设备通过第一气孔11向缓存箱1内吹气，使得缓存箱1内的废料从第一落料口5落到压料箱7内，加速废料的下落，并且防止废料滞留在缓存箱1内而下落不彻底的情况发生。
如图2和图4所示，在一些实施例中，缓存箱1沿水平方向的截面从上到下逐渐减小，第一落料口5位于缓存箱1的最小截面处，以减少废料在缓存箱1内的残留。
在一些实施例中，第一落料口5可以完全覆盖缓存箱1的最小截面，即缓存箱1不具有底壁而在底部形成开口，开口的大小等于第一落料口5最小截面的截面大小。
在另外一些实施例中，第一落料口5的尺寸小于缓存箱1的最小截面的尺寸，即缓存箱1具有底壁，第一落料口5开设在缓存箱1的底壁上，但第一落料口5的尺寸小于底壁的尺寸而保留了部分底壁。
缓存箱1沿水平方向的截面从上到下逐渐减小的设置，有利于使得缓存箱1内的废料在自身重力的作用下在第一落料口5处集中，并从第一落料口5下落，从而使废料下落的更加彻底，减小废料在缓存箱1内的残留。
如图2和图4所示，在一些实施例中，废料收集设备还包括废料管2，用于使模切设备产生的废料经废料管2流入缓存箱1。
废料管2可以是金属管道也可以是非金属管道，废料管2的进料端连接在产生废料的位置，如模切设备的废料口、激光室废料口、分条刀废料口等，出料端连接至缓存箱1内。示例性的，废料管2的进料端的高度高于出料端的高度，这样的设置使得废料管2内的废料可以在自身重力的作用下沿着废料管2流到出料端的缓存箱1内，无需外力驱动废料流动。
废料管2的设置降低了对废料收集设备的安装位置要求，通过废料管2的设置方向和长度来适应废料收集设备相对模切设备的位置即可，从而对废料收集设备的安装位置和空间的限制较小。
此外，通过废料管2传输废料，能够防止废料在传输过程中撒出，有利于提高生产场地的环境整洁度。
在一些实施例中，废料收集设备还包括气压控制装置(图中未示出)，用于控制缓存箱1内的气压小于废料管2的进料口的气压，以改变废料经废料管2流入缓存箱1的速度。
气压控制装置例如可以是负压风机、负压泵等，通过气压控制装置抽取缓存箱1内的气体，使得缓存箱1内的气压小于废料管2的进料口的气压，通过废料管2两端的气压差来使废料从废料管2的进料口流到缓存箱1内，通过控制气压差的大小来控制废料的流速，以适应实际生产需求，设备的适应性更强。
如图2、图4所示，在一些实施例中，气压控制装置连接气压管3，气压管3至少部分位于缓存箱1内，且气压管3设有气压控制口31，用于使气压管3内腔与缓存箱1气体连通以控制缓存箱1内的气压。
气压管3可以是伸缩管，也可以是非伸缩管，气压控制装置通过气压管3伸入到缓存箱1内来控制缓存箱1内的气压，其中，气压控制口31位于气压管3伸入到缓存箱1内的部分，其可以位于气压管3的端部，也可以位于气压管3的管壁上的任意位置。
例如，如图4所示，在一些实施例中，气压控制口31设置在气压管3的管壁上，并贯穿气压管3的管壁，示例性的，气压控制口31为直径为10毫米的圆孔，并且气压控制口31的数量有多个，多个气压控制口31环绕管壁呈环形阵列设置，环形阵列有一圈或多圈，当然，每个气压控制口31的位置也可以不必十分精确，只要确保每个气压控制口31均能够使气压管3内腔与缓存箱1气体连通即可。
通过上述方案，气压控制装置通过气压管3上的气压控制口31来抽取缓存箱1内的气体，或者向缓存箱1内鼓入气体，并通过控制气体的抽取速度或者鼓入速度，进一步控制缓存箱1内的气压，从而控制废料流入缓存箱1内的速度，方便且易实施。
此外，由于气压管3的管壁范围较大，因此气压控制口31的可设置位置较多，可以将气压控制口31在多个位置上分散设置，从而使整个缓存箱1内的气压相对均匀，防止局部气压过高引起的废料不能持续吸入，或者局部气压过低导致的废料在局部堆积。
在一些实施例中，气压管3位于缓存箱1内的部分位于缓存箱1内部上方，以防止废料堵塞气压控制口31。
通过上述方案，气压管3通过气压控制口31控制缓存箱1内的气压，使废料进入缓存箱1内。进入缓存箱1内的废料在重力作用下落在缓存箱1下方，减少废料在气压管3壁上的堆积，防止废料由于气压控制口31处的气压较低而靠近气压控制口31，并堵塞气压控制口31。
如图2、图4所示，在一些实施例中，缓存箱1内设有隔离板4，用于隔离气压控制口31和废料管2的出料口,隔离板4两侧气体相通。
在一些实施例中，隔离板4的结构是带有孔洞的板状物件，例如，隔离板4为不锈钢板，不锈钢板上开设有多个孔洞41，通过孔洞41连通隔离板4两侧，使得隔离板4两侧气体相通。图4中的隔离板4与此实施例中的隔离板4的结构相同。
在另一些实施例中，隔离板4可以是网状板，例如，隔离板4由金属或非金属编织而成，隔离板4具有致密的网孔，以使其两侧气体相同。
示例性的，隔离板4上的孔洞41或网孔的尺寸小于气压管3上的气压控制口31的尺寸，例如，当气压管3上的气压控制口31的直径为10毫米时，隔离板4上的孔洞41的直径小于10毫米，例如可以是5毫米，从而防止废料穿过隔离板4上的孔洞到达气压管3上的气压控制口31，并进入气压控制口31而损坏气压控制装置。
通过上述方案，当缓存箱1内较轻的颗粒状废料在气压的作用下向气压控制口31的方向运动时，隔离板4将废料挡在远离气压管3的一侧，使得废料难以靠近气压控制口31，从而进一步防止废料在气压的作用下堵塞气压控制口31，使得气压控制口31可以源源不断地控制缓存箱1内的气压。
如图2、图3和图5所示，在一些实施例中，压料箱7包括落料腔71、压料腔72和引导件73。其中，落料腔71用于通过第一落料口5接收缓存箱1的废料，例如，落料腔71正对第一落料口5，并位于第一落料口5的下方，废料从第一落料口5落下之后首先进入落料腔71。压料腔72用于接收落料腔71的废料并限定出废料的压缩区域。引导件73用于将落料腔71的废料引入压料腔72。
由于废料从第一落料口5落下时较为集中，此时如果直接使压料机构8对其进行压缩，则可能导致压缩后的废料块的密度不够均匀，部分区域的废料较为密实，不容易散开，但另外部分区域的废料较为松散，在清理和搬运的过程中容易散开；此外，颗粒状的废料也不会被紧密的挤压包裹在废料块内，在清理和搬运的过程中容易散落，造成环境的污染和引发人员和部件划伤等安全事故。
因此，需要使从第一落料口5落下的废料首先落在落料腔71内，然后通过引导件73进入到压料腔72内，在这个过程中使较为集中的废料分散开，便于对其进行压缩。
在一些实施例中，引导件73是位于落料腔71与压料腔72之间的板状构件，废料进入落料腔71之后沿着板状构件滑落到压料腔72内。
在另一些实施例中，引导件73是压料箱7的其中一个侧壁，该侧壁可以设置成倾斜的，侧壁较高的一端对应落料腔71，侧壁较低的一端对应压料腔72。
通过上述方案，从第一落料口5排出的较为集中的废料通过落料腔71和引导件73而在压料腔72内分散开，使得压料机构8压缩出的金属废料块在不同位置的密度更加均匀，不容易散开，方便废料块的清理和运输。
如图3所示，在一些实施例中，压料腔72远离落料腔71的侧壁上设有第二气孔74，第二气孔74于压料箱7外部连接气压控制装置(图中未示出)，用于使废料落到压料腔72远离落料腔71一侧。
由于废料在自身重力作用下，会优先堆积在压料腔72靠近落料腔71的一侧，这会导致废料在压料腔72内分布不均，降低压制成型的废料块的密实性，气压控制装置通过使压料腔72内的气流向靠近第二气孔74的方向上流动，从而带动废料向远离落料腔71的方向上移动，有利于废料在压料腔72内的均匀分布，从而有利于提高压制成型的废料块的质量，防止废料块在清理、运输等过程中散开。
如图2和图6所示，在一些实施例中，压料机构8包括压板81，用于压缩压料腔72内的废料，压板81设有贯通其两侧的第三气孔811，第三气孔811用于在压缩废料时排出废料之间的气体。
在一些实施例中，第三气孔811在压板81上设置有多个，多个第三气孔811用于在不同的位置处，排出废料之间的气体。
在一些实施例中，压板81位于压料腔72内，并可由人为或通过驱动件带动以靠近压料腔72的某一侧壁。
例如，如图2所示，在一实施例中，考虑到废料在自身重力作用下会落在压料腔72的底部，因此，将压板81设置在压料腔72的顶部，压料箱7的外部设置有第二气缸82，第二气缸82竖直设置，第二气缸82的活塞杆从压料箱7的顶壁伸入到压料腔72内，并在压料腔72内连接压板81。
如图2所示，在一些实施例中，为了使压制出的废料块更加规则以便于运输，压料腔72的底壁四周围设有侧壁，在压缩废料的过程中，压板81的边缘与压料腔72的侧壁接触，从而将废料限定在压板81、压料腔72的侧壁和压料腔72的底壁之间。
当第二气缸82的活塞杆伸出时，带动压板81靠近压料腔72的底壁，并在此过程中逐渐缩小压料腔72内的废料的体积，使得废料被挤压变形，变得密实，在废料变得密实的过程中，废料之间的空隙中的气体需要排出，此时，废料之间的气体可以从第三气孔811排出，使得压板81得以继续移动以挤压废料。
如图6所示，在一些实施例中，压板81与废料接触的一侧具有凸出的支撑块812，用于挤压废料，支撑块812避开第三气孔811设置。
通过上述方案，支撑块812位于压板81与废料之间，防止在挤压废料的过程中，第三气孔811与废料之间接触过于紧密而被堵塞，影响废料之间的气体的排出，同时，支撑块812的设置可以加强压板81的整体强度，可以防止压板81边缘向远离废料的方向上翘起变形而使废料块边缘处较为松散，防止压缩成型的废料块散开。
在一些实施例中，支撑块812为非金属块。
示例性的，支撑块812可以是聚氨酯块、陶瓷块或塑料块等，支撑块812的形状可以是条形、环形、波浪形或柱状等，取决于第三气孔811的分布位置，只要支撑块812的设置能够避开第三气孔811即可。
通过上述方案，支撑块812与金属废料直接接触，从而防止金属废料与压板81直接接触，并防止废料在压强较大的情况下使压板81产生划痕和发生损伤变形。
如图2、图7所示，在一些实施例中，废料收集设备还包括废料箱9，废料箱9用于收集压料箱7内的废料。
在压料箱7内压缩完成的废料块被收集在废料箱9内，从而腾出压料箱7内的空间，用于缓存箱1内的废料落入。此外，废料箱9可对压缩成块的废料进行暂存，由于废料块中的废料密度较大，因此，同样容积的废料箱9内实际上可容纳的废料更多，对废料箱9的相邻两次清理之间的时间间隔更久，降低了人员对废料的清理频次。
如图2、图7和图8所示，在一些实施例中，压料箱7的底部具有第二落料口75，第二落料口75设有第二阀门76，第二阀门76用于控制第二落料口75的开启或关闭，以便于控制第二落料口75是否排出压制成型的废料块。第二阀门76的结构可以是标准件也可以是非标准件。
如图7所示，在一些实施例中，第二阀门76的结构与第一阀门6的结构相同，本申请实施例不再赘述。
需要注意的是，为了实现压料箱7与废料箱9之间的密封，第二落料口75的内侧边缘可以设置密封胶条(图中未示出)，当第二阀门76关闭时，密封胶条使第二阀门76与第二落料口75之间实现密封，以便于气压控制装置通过第二气孔74控制压料箱7内的气压。
如图2河图8所示，在一些实施例中，废料箱9设于第二落料口75的正下方，且废料箱9的顶部设置有开口，以便于废料块从第二落料口75掉落以后直接落在废料箱9内。
废料箱9在使用时，可以在内部套设废料带，如塑料袋，尼龙袋等，并可将现有技术中的塑料袋整形装置复合在废料箱9的内壁或者开口处，以将废料袋的开口撑开，便于废料块落入，本申请实施例对于废料箱9的使用不做限制。
如图7、图8所示，图7为废料箱9与密封组件10及第二阀门76组装的结构示意图，图8为图2中B部分的放大结构示意图，在一些实施例中，压料箱7的底壁与废料箱9之间设有密封组件10，用于防止废料撒出废料箱9，密封组件10包括上密封板101、下密封板102和密封罩103。
上密封板101连接于压料箱7底部。下密封板102用于抵紧废料箱9的开口边缘。密封罩103连接于上密封板101与下密封板102之间，以实现上密封板101与下密封板102之间的密封。
上密封板101上对应第二落料口75的位置处设有开口，上密封板101上的开口尺寸大于或等于第二落料口75，以使压料箱7内的废料顺利落下。
下密封板102上同样开设有开口，下密封板102上的开口的尺寸同样大于或等于第二落料口75，以使压料箱7内的废料经第二落料口75和上密封板101上的开口之后能够顺利落入废料箱9内。
密封罩103位于上密封板101与下密封板102之间，并且环绕上密封板101上的开口和下密封板102上的开口设置，当废料从第二落料口75掉落，并经过上密封板101上的开口和下密封板102上的开口掉入废料箱9的过程中，不会有废料从上密封板101和下密封板102之间掉出。
通过上述方案，密封组件10实现了压料箱7与废料箱9之间的密封，防止废料块从压料箱7落入废料箱9的过程中，较小的废料颗粒从废料箱9的开口边缘掉出。
在一些实施例中，密封罩103可以在上密封板101和下密封板102之间伸缩，以适应上密封板101与下密封板102之间的距离。例如，密封罩103为风琴罩。
如图7所示，在一些实施例中，密封组件10还包括驱动件104，驱动件104用于驱动下密封板102相对上密封板101运动，以使下密封板102抵紧或松开废料箱9的开口边缘。
在一些实施例中，驱动件104固定于上密封板101上，并带动下密封板102靠近或远离上密封板101运动。
例如，驱动件104包括第三气缸1041，第三气缸1041的缸体固定在上密封板101上，第三气缸1041的活塞杆连接在下密封板102上，第三气缸1041的活塞杆伸出时，带动下密封板102远离上密封板101，第三气缸1041的活塞杆缩回时，带动下密封板102靠近上密封板101。
或者，在另外的实施例中，驱动件104包括电机和丝杠，上密封板101与丝杠之间转动连接，丝杠与下密封板102之间通过螺纹螺母的结构连接，电极带动丝杠转动，从而使得下密封板102沿着丝杠的轴向移动，从而靠近或远离上密封板101。
在一些实施例中，下密封板102上连接有导向杆105，导向杆105向上密封板101所在侧延伸，上密封板101上开设有导向孔106，导向杆105贯穿导向孔106，当驱动件104带动下密封板102靠近或远离上密封板101时，导向杆105的外壁与导向孔106的内壁相贴合，以使下密封板102沿固定方向移动。
通过上述方案，当驱动件104驱动下密封板102松开废料箱9的开口时，可将废料箱9取出，对废料箱9内收集的废料块进行清理；当废料箱9内的废料被清理完毕时，将废料箱9放入原位，并使驱动件104带动下密封板102靠近废料箱9的开口边缘，并抵在废料箱9的开口边缘上，继续对压料箱7和废料箱9之间进行密封。
在一些实施例中，下密封板102的底部设置有缓冲部件，例如泡棉、橡胶片，塑胶条等，通过缓冲部件直接接触废料箱9的顶部开口，防止下密封板102抵住废料箱9的瞬间产生较为猛烈地碰撞冲击。
如图1和图2所示，在一些实施例中，一种废料收集设备包括机架20、缓存箱1、压料箱7、压料机构8和废料箱9，机架20为箱式结构，缓存箱1、压料箱7、压料机构8和废料箱9均设置于机架20内。缓存箱1位于机架20内的上方，压料箱7的位置高度低于缓存箱1的位置高度，缓存箱1和压料机构8并排设置于压料箱7的上方，压料箱7的内部空间分为落料腔71和压料腔72，落料腔71的底壁倾斜设置以形成引导件73，引导件73从远离压料腔72一侧到靠近压料腔72一侧向下倾斜设置，以便于落料腔71内的废料进入压料腔72；落料腔71上方对应缓存箱1，压料腔72的上方对应压料机构8，压料腔72下方对应废料箱9。
在使用过程中，电池制造设备产生的废料流到缓存箱1，并通过缓存箱1底部的第一落料口5流入到落料腔71内，最后沿着落料腔71的底壁流到压料腔72，待压料腔 72内的废料达到预定量时，启动压料机构8压料，同时一级阀门(第一阀门6)关闭。压料完成后，打开二级阀门(第二阀门76，之前一直处于关闭状态)，使压缩后的结实的废料块落在废料箱9里；二级阀门关闭，一级阀门打开，重复以上动作进行收料，直到废料箱9装满；拉出废料箱9，对废料箱9内的废料进行处理，此过程中，设备不停机生产，设备产生的废料暂时储存在缓存箱1和压料箱7内。
需要注意的是，在上述过程中，根据废料块的预设体积，一个废料块可分多次压制成型，例如，当压料腔72内松散的废料第一次达到预定量时，压料机构8下压后收回，将压料腔72内已有的废料压制成体积较小的废料块，此时废料块的体积较小，未到达预设体积，不需要将其排出到废料箱9内；压料腔72再次从缓存箱1内收集废料，废料到达一定量后，在原有的废料块的上方再叠加一些松散的废料，将其一起进行压缩；将上述动作反复多次，直到最终成型的废料块的体积达到预设体积后，再打开第二阀门76，将压料腔72内的废料块排到废料箱9内。
压料机构8压料的间隔时间可以根据压料腔72的容积、废料进入废料箱9的速度或者压料腔72内的废料的体积进行设置，例如，在压料腔72内设置传感器，当压料腔72内的废料的体积堆积到一定量的时候，压料机构8压料一次；或者，按照时间计算，每间隔30分钟，压料机构8动作一次，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
综上所述，上述描述的废料收集设备通过缓存箱1收集废料，防止废料散布在车间而影响车间环境及人员和设备的安全；通过压料机构8对废料进行压缩，从而减小废料的占用空间，降低对废料的清理频次；通过在缓存箱1和压料箱7之间设置第一落料口5，并在第一落料口5上设置第一阀门6，从而使得缓存箱1内的废料能够通过第一阀门6的打开而直接排出到压料箱7内。
本领域的技术人员能够理解，尽管在此的一些实施例包括其它实施例中所包括的某些特征，但是不同实施例的特征的组合意味着处于本申请的范围之内并且形成不同的实施例。例如，在权利要求书中，所要求保护的实施例的任意之一都可以以任意的组合方式来使用。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种废料收集设备，其中，包括：
    缓存箱，用于接收并缓存模切设备产生的废料；
    压料箱，用于承接所述缓存箱内的废料；
    压料机构，用于压缩所述压料箱内的废料；
    其中，所述缓存箱设有第一落料口，用于所述缓存箱与所述压料箱的连通；所述第一落料口处设有第一阀门，所述第一阀门用于开启或关闭所述第一落料口以控制所述缓存箱是否排出所述废料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述缓存箱的侧壁上设有多个贯通的第一气孔，用于接收外部气流，以使所述废料从所述第一落料口下落。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述缓存箱沿水平方向的截面从上到下逐渐减小，所述第一落料口位于所述缓存箱的最小截面处，以减少所述废料在所述缓存箱内的残留。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述废料收集设备还包括废料管，用于使所述模切设备产生的所述废料经所述废料管流入所述缓存箱。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述废料收集设备还包括气压控制装置，用于控制所述缓存箱内的气压小于所述废料管的进料口的气压，以改变所述废料经所述废料管流入所述缓存箱的速度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述气压控制装置连接气压管，所述气压管至少部分位于所述缓存箱内，且所述气压管设有气压控制口，用于使所述气压管内腔与所述缓存箱气体连通以控制所述缓存箱内的气压。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述气压管位于所述缓存箱内的部分位于所述缓存箱内部上方，以防止所述废料堵塞所述气压控制口。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述缓存箱内设有隔离板，用于隔离所述气压控制口和所述废料管的出料口，所述隔离板两侧气体相通。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述压料箱包括:
    落料腔，用于通过所述第一落料口接收所述缓存箱的所述废料；
    压料腔，用于接收所述落料腔的所述废料并限定出废料的压缩区域；和
    引导件，用于将所述落料腔的所述废料引入所述压料腔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述压料腔远离所述落料腔的侧壁 上设有第二气孔，所述第二气孔于所述压料箱外部连接所述气压控制装置，用于使所述废料落到所述压料腔远离所述落料腔一侧。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述压料机构包括压板，用于压缩所述压料腔内的所述废料，所述压板设有贯通其两侧的第三气孔，所述第三气孔用于在压缩所述废料时排出所述废料之间的气体。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述压板与所述废料接触的一侧具有凸出的支撑块，用于挤压所述废料，所述支撑块避开所述第三气孔设置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述支撑块为非金属块。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述废料收集设备还包括废料箱，用于收集所述压料箱内的所述废料。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述压料箱的底壁与所述废料箱之间设有密封组件，用于防止所述废料撒出所述废料箱，所述密封组件包括：
    上密封板，连接于所述压料箱底部；
    下密封板，用于抵紧所述废料箱的所述开口边缘；
    密封罩，连接于所述上密封板与所述下密封板之间，以实现所述上密封板与所述下密封板之间的密封。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的废料收集设备，其中，所述密封组件还包括：
    驱动件，用于驱动所述下密封板相对所述上密封板运动，以使所述下密封板抵紧或松开所述废料箱的所述开口边缘。
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