WO2023030337A1 - 电子膨胀阀 - Google Patents

电子膨胀阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023030337A1
WO2023030337A1 PCT/CN2022/115942 CN2022115942W WO2023030337A1 WO 2023030337 A1 WO2023030337 A1 WO 2023030337A1 CN 2022115942 W CN2022115942 W CN 2022115942W WO 2023030337 A1 WO2023030337 A1 WO 2023030337A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
section
electronic expansion
expansion valve
port
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/115942
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贺宇辰
陈勇好
詹少军
张克鹏
楼金强
赵俊
刘乐强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202122116122.5U external-priority patent/CN216158324U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202122112662.6U external-priority patent/CN215763306U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202122113665.1U external-priority patent/CN215806405U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202122116505.2U external-priority patent/CN216158292U/zh
Application filed by Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Priority to EP22863472.1A priority Critical patent/EP4397890A4/en
Priority to JP2024507081A priority patent/JP7773621B2/ja
Priority to KR1020247008692A priority patent/KR102911566B1/ko
Priority to US18/688,768 priority patent/US12480582B2/en
Publication of WO2023030337A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023030337A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/42—Valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members
    • F16K1/38—Valve members of conical shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/54—Arrangements for modifying the way in which the rate of flow varies during the actuation of the valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/029—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/345—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids
    • F25B41/347—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by solenoids with the valve member being opened and closed cyclically, e.g. with pulse width modulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/12—Sound
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/13—Vibrations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of valves, in particular to an electronic expansion valve.
  • the electronic expansion valve As a new type of control element, the electronic expansion valve has become an important part of the intelligent refrigeration system.
  • the electronic expansion valve includes a base, a guide sleeve and a valve needle.
  • the base has a valve cavity, and a valve port is arranged in the valve cavity.
  • the guide sleeve is fixedly matched with the valve seat, and the guide sleeve is set opposite to the valve port.
  • the valve needle partially passes through the guide sleeve and is located in the valve cavity, and the valve needle is used to control the opening and closing of the valve port.
  • the fluid has a certain impact force on the valve needle. Valve needle jitter noise and fluid noise are generated in the valve, which affects the user experience.
  • the present application provides an electronic expansion valve to solve the problem of excessive noise caused by vibration of the valve needle in the electronic expansion valve in the prior art.
  • the application provides an electronic expansion valve, which includes: a valve seat with a valve chamber and a valve port, the valve port is arranged at the end of the valve chamber; a guide sleeve is fixedly arranged on the valve seat, and the guide sleeve is arranged opposite to the valve port , the guide sleeve has a first guide hole, and the first guide hole communicates with the valve chamber; the valve needle is movably arranged in the guide sleeve, and one end of the valve needle passes through the first guide hole and is set corresponding to the valve port.
  • the first guide hole is clearance fit, the valve needle is used to control the opening and closing of the valve port, and the swing range of the valve needle in the first guide hole is between 0.4° and 2.4°.
  • the fluid when the electronic expansion valve is working, the fluid produces a certain impact force on the valve needle. Under the action of the fluid impact force, the valve needle vibrates. There is an included angle, and the included angle between the axis of the valve needle and the axis of the guide sleeve is between 0.2° and 1.2°.
  • the included angle between the axis of the valve needle and the axis of the guide sleeve is greater than 1.2°, on the one hand, the swing range of the valve needle will be too large, and the disturbance to the fluid caused by the shaking of the valve needle will be too large, and eventually Larger fluid noise and jitter noise will be generated; on the other hand, the coaxiality between the valve needle and the guide sleeve will be poor, which is not conducive to the cooperation between the valve needle and the valve port.
  • the included angle between the axis of the valve needle and the axis of the guide sleeve is less than 0.2°, the gap between the side wall of the valve needle and the wall of the first guide hole cannot be guaranteed, and the valve will not
  • the side wall of the needle may be in contact with the hole wall of the first guide hole, causing wear on the valve needle and the guide sleeve, and affecting the service life of the valve needle and the guide sleeve. Therefore, setting the swing range of the valve needle between 0.4° and 2.4° can reduce the vibration noise and fluid noise of the valve needle while ensuring the service life of the valve needle and the guide sleeve.
  • the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle and the hole wall of the first guide hole is between 0.0075mm and 0.05mm.
  • the length of the first guide hole is between 1.5mm and 7mm.
  • the valve needle includes a cylindrical section and a conical section arranged in sequence along the axial direction, the conical section is arranged close to the valve port, the valve needle has a blocked position and a maximum opening position oppositely arranged, when the valve needle moves to the maximum opening position , the conical segments are all located outside the guide sleeve.
  • Such setting can ensure the guiding effect of the guide sleeve on the valve needle, reduce the vibration noise of the valve needle, and also ensure the smoothness of the opening and closing process of the valve opening controlled by the valve needle.
  • the distance between the end surface of the cylindrical section close to the conical section and the end surface of the guide sleeve close to the valve port is less than 1 mm.
  • chamfers are provided on the inner peripheral surfaces of both ends of the first guide hole.
  • the setting of the chamfer can facilitate the assembly of the valve needle and the guide sleeve, and at the same time, can also improve the smoothness of the movement of the valve needle.
  • the guide sleeve is also provided with a second guide hole, the second guide hole is coaxially arranged with the first guide hole, the second guide hole is located at the end of the first guide hole away from the valve cavity, and communicates with the first guide hole , the aperture of the second guide hole is larger than the aperture of the first guide hole,
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a spring sleeve and a spring, the spring sleeve is movably arranged in the second guide hole, and the end of the valve needle away from the valve port is located in the spring sleeve , the spring is located in the spring sleeve, and one end of the spring abuts against the valve needle.
  • the setting of the spring and the spring sleeve can buffer the movement of the valve needle and the shaking of the valve needle, ensure the smoothness of the moving process of the valve needle, and also reduce the shaking noise caused by the shaking of the valve needle.
  • the electronic expansion valve also has an installation cavity, which is communicated with the valve cavity and forms an accommodation cavity, and the installation cavity is arranged opposite to the valve port.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes: a screw, which is movably arranged in the accommodation cavity, and the screw rod One end is located in the installation cavity, and the other end of the screw is located in the valve cavity; the bearing is arranged in the spring sleeve, the bearing includes an inner ring and an outer ring, and the end of the screw rod is installed in the spring sleeve and fixedly connected with the inner ring.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes: a gasket, which is arranged in the spring sleeve, and the gasket is located between the spring and the bearing. One end of the gasket is in contact with the end of the spring away from the valve needle, and the other end of the gasket is in contact with Outer ring abutment.
  • a gasket which is arranged in the spring sleeve, and the gasket is located between the spring and the bearing.
  • One end of the gasket is in contact with the end of the spring away from the valve needle, and the other end of the gasket is in contact with Outer ring abutment.
  • the gap between the gasket and the spring sleeve is a2, and a1 is less than or equal to a2. If a1 is greater than a2, the gap between the valve needle and the guide sleeve is large, so that the coaxiality between the valve needle and the valve port is poor, and the valve needle will vibrate when it moves. Therefore, making a1 less than or equal to a2 can ensure that the coaxiality between the valve needle and the guide sleeve is better, so that the vibration of the valve needle is small and the mechanical noise is small.
  • the gap between the bearing and the spring sleeve is a3, and a1 is less than or equal to a3. If a1 is greater than a3, the gap between the valve needle and the guide sleeve is large, and the coaxiality between the valve needle and the valve port is poor. Therefore, making a1 less than or equal to a3 can ensure that the coaxiality between the valve needle and the guide sleeve is better, and the vibration of the valve needle and the mechanical noise are small.
  • the gap between the spring sleeve and the guide sleeve is a4, and a1 is less than or equal to a4. If a1 is greater than a4, the gap between the valve needle and the guide sleeve is large, so that the coaxiality between the valve needle and the valve port is poor, and the valve needle will vibrate and generate relatively large noise when moving. Therefore, making a1 less than or equal to a4 can ensure that the coaxiality between the valve needle and the guide sleeve is better, so that the vibration of the valve needle is small and the mechanical noise is small.
  • the gap a2 between the washer and the spring sleeve ranges from 0.04mm to 0.15mm.
  • a2 is less than 0.04mm, the friction between the gasket and the spring sleeve is relatively large.
  • a2 is greater than 0.15mm, the coaxiality between the gasket and the spring sleeve is poor, resulting in poor coaxiality between the spring, the valve needle and the valve port.
  • the gap a3 between the bearing and the spring sleeve ranges from 0.04mm to 0.15mm.
  • a3 is less than 0.04mm, the friction between the bearing and the spring sleeve is relatively large.
  • a3 is greater than 0.15mm, the coaxiality between the bearing and the spring sleeve is poor, resulting in poor coaxiality between the screw rod integrated with the bearing and the valve port.
  • the gap a4 between the spring sleeve and the guide sleeve ranges from 0.04mm to 0.15mm.
  • a4 is less than 0.04mm, the friction between the guide sleeve and the spring sleeve is relatively large.
  • a4 is greater than 0.15mm, the coaxiality between the guide sleeve and the valve port is poor, resulting in poor coaxiality between the spring sleeve and the valve port.
  • the guide sleeve includes a main body section and a thin-walled section connected in sequence in the axial direction, the main body section has a first end and a second end oppositely arranged, the thin-walled section is connected to the first end, the end surface of the first end and the thin-walled section
  • the segment is located in the valve cavity, the outer diameter of the thin-walled segment is smaller than the outer diameter of the first end, and the outer diameter of the end of the thin-walled segment close to the main body segment is greater than the outer diameter of the end of the thin-walled segment away from the main body segment;
  • the valve needle is movably arranged in the guide sleeve, the valve needle partially passes through the guide sleeve and is located in the valve chamber, the valve needle is used to control the opening and closing of the valve port, and the thin-walled section can guide the valve needle.
  • the fluid when the fluid flows into the valve cavity, the fluid contacts the valve needle and has a certain impact force on the valve needle and the guide sleeve.
  • the above arrangement can reduce the height difference of the step structure formed between the end of the guide sleeve close to the valve port and the valve needle, thereby reducing the phenomenon of turbulent flow caused by the impact of the fluid on the step structure, and reducing the occurrence of turbulent flow when the electronic expansion valve is working. fluid noise.
  • the difference between the outer diameter of the thin-walled section and the inner diameter of the thin-walled section is between 0.15mm and 1.5mm. Such an arrangement can ensure the structural strength of the thin-walled section.
  • the thin-walled section includes at least one of a tapered section and a straight section.
  • the outer diameter of the thin-walled section gradually increases.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a first connecting pipe, wherein the first connecting pipe is arranged on the valve seat, the first connecting pipe communicates with the valve cavity, and the axis of the first connecting pipe is perpendicular to the axis of the valve needle; wherein, The radius of the first connecting pipe is R, and the distance between the end face of the first end and the axis of the first connecting pipe is between R-0.5mm and R+0.5mm.
  • the distance between the end surface of the first end and the axis of the first connecting pipe is R.
  • the guide sleeve has a first hole section and a second hole section arranged stepwise, the first hole section is located in the main body section, the second hole section is pierced through the end surface of the first end and the thin-walled section, and the second hole section Used to cooperate with the valve needle guide.
  • Such arrangement can ensure the smooth movement of the valve needle and the installation process, and at the same time facilitate the installation of other components that cooperate with the valve needle into the second hole section.
  • the length of the second hole section is between 1.5 mm and 7 mm, and the length of the thin-walled section is less than 6 mm.
  • the guide sleeve is provided with chamfers, and the chamfers are respectively located on the inner peripheral surfaces of the two ends of the second hole segment.
  • the setting of the chamfer can guide the assembly of the valve needle and facilitate the installation of the valve needle.
  • the guide sleeve also includes a fixing protrusion, which is arranged annularly on the outside of the main body section, the fixing protrusion is arranged close to the first end of the main body section, and the fixing protrusion is fixedly connected with the valve seat.
  • a fixing protrusion which is arranged annularly on the outside of the main body section, the fixing protrusion is arranged close to the first end of the main body section, and the fixing protrusion is fixedly connected with the valve seat.
  • valve seat is provided with a first connection port and a second connection port, the first connection port communicates with the valve cavity, and a first transition hole section and a second transition hole section are provided on the valve seat, wherein the first transition hole section
  • the hole section, the valve port and the second transition hole section communicate in sequence, the first transition hole section communicates with the valve cavity, the second transition hole section communicates with the second connection port, and the second transition hole section has a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the valve port and the diameter of the first end is equal to the diameter of the valve port, and the diameter of the second transition hole section gradually increases from the first end to the second end.
  • the first connection port and the second connection port are respectively connected with devices in the use environment, and the fluid flows from the first connection port to the second connection port or from the second connection port to the first connection port.
  • the first end of the second transition hole section is connected to the valve port and the diameter of the first end is equal to the diameter of the valve port, and the diameter of the second transition hole section gradually increases from the first end to the second end , set in this way, when the fluid flows from the first connection port to the second connection port or from the second connection port to the first connection port, when the fluid passes through the valve port and the second transition hole section, the diameter of the channel through which the fluid flows Gradually change, without sudden increase or decrease, so that the fluid can flow smoothly, which can reduce the possibility of vortex in the fluid, thereby reducing the noise generated by the electronic expansion valve.
  • the diameter of the end of the first transition hole segment close to the valve port is larger than the diameter of the valve port.
  • valve seat is also provided with a third transition hole section
  • the third transition hole section is located at one end of the first transition hole section away from the valve port, one end of the third transition hole section communicates with the first transition hole section, and the third transition hole section communicates with the first transition hole section.
  • the other end of the transition hole section communicates with the valve chamber, and the diameter of the third transition hole section gradually decreases toward the valve port.
  • the diameter of the third transition hole section gradually decreases toward the valve port, so that when the fluid flows from the first transition hole section to the third transition hole section or from the third transition hole section to the first transition hole section, the fluid flow
  • the diameter of the passing channel changes gradually to buffer the fluid, which reduces the noise of the fluid flow, thereby reducing the noise generated when the electronic expansion valve is working.
  • first transition hole section and the valve port are cylindrical sections
  • second transition hole section and the third transition hole section are conical sections.
  • the second transition hole section is a tapered hole, and the taper angle of the second transition hole section ranges from 30 degrees to 65 degrees. Such setting makes the diameter of the second transition hole section change slowly, further reducing the noise of fluid flow.
  • the sum of the lengths of the first transition hole section and the third transition hole section ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm
  • the length of the valve port ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm
  • the length of the second transition hole section ranges from 0.5mm to 3mm. In this way, the processing of the valve seat is simple and convenient.
  • the diameter of the first transition hole section ranges from 4.5mm to 8mm
  • the diameter of the valve port ranges from 1.3mm to 3.2mm.
  • connection groove is arranged annularly on the outside of the second transition hole section.
  • the connecting groove is used for connecting the second connecting pipe.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of the assembly of the valve seat, guide sleeve and valve needle of the electronic expansion valve provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • Fig. 2 shows a partial enlarged view of place A in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of the guide sleeve provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the cooperation between the guide sleeve and the valve needle in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the electronic expansion valve provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application
  • Figure 6 shows a partial enlarged view at B in Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the electronic expansion valve provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 8 shows a partial enlarged view at C in Figure 7;
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of the guide sleeve provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the size of the guide sleeve provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the guide sleeve and the valve seat provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • Fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of the electronic expansion valve provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic structural view of the valve seat provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 shows a dimensional drawing of the valve seat provided by Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • valve seat 101, valve cavity; 102, valve port;
  • valve needle 31, cylindrical section; 32, conical section;
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic expansion valve, which includes a valve seat 10 , a guide sleeve 20 and a valve needle 30 .
  • valve seat 10 has valve cavity 101 and valve port 102, and valve port 102 is arranged on the end of valve cavity 101;
  • There is a first guide hole 201 the first guide hole 201 communicates with the valve cavity 101;
  • the valve needle 30 is movably arranged in the guide sleeve 20, and one end of the valve needle 30 passes through the first guide hole 201 and is set corresponding to the valve port 102
  • the valve needle 30 is loosely matched with the first guide hole 201, and the valve needle 30 is used to control the opening and closing of the valve port 102.
  • the swing range of the valve needle 30 in the first guide hole 201 is between 0.4° and 2.4°. That is, when the valve needle 30 swings until the distance between the end of the valve needle 30 close to the valve port 102 and the valve port 102 reaches the maximum value, the angle between the axis of the valve needle 30 and the axis of the guide sleeve 20 is twice the angle is the swing amplitude of the valve needle 30.
  • the fluid when the electronic expansion valve is working, the fluid will generate a certain impact force on the valve needle 30, and under the action of the fluid impact force, the valve needle 30 will vibrate.
  • the axis of the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 There is an included angle between the axes of the valve needle 30 and the axis of the guide sleeve 20, and the included angle is between 0.2° and 1.2°.
  • the included angle between the axis of the valve needle 30 and the axis of the guide sleeve 20 is a, and a may specifically be 0.2°, 0.6°, or 1.2°. In this embodiment, a is 1°.
  • the included angle between the axis of the valve needle 30 and the axis of the guide sleeve 20 is greater than 1.2°, on the one hand, the swingable range of the valve needle 30 will be too large, which in turn will cause disturbance to the fluid due to the vibration of the valve needle 30 If it is too large, greater fluid noise and jitter noise will eventually be generated; If the included angle between the axis of the valve needle 30 and the axis of the guide sleeve 20 is less than 0.2°, then the gap between the side wall of the valve needle 30 and the hole wall of the first guide hole 201 cannot be guaranteed.
  • the side wall of the valve needle 30 may contact the wall of the first guide hole 201 , causing wear on the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 , and affecting the service life of the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 . Therefore, setting the swing range of the valve needle 30 between 0.4° and 2.4° can reduce the vibration noise and fluid noise of the valve needle 30 while ensuring the service life of the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 .
  • the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle 30 and the hole wall of the first guide hole 201 is between 0.0075 mm and 0.05 mm.
  • the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle 30 and the first guide hole 201 can be set between 0.01 mm and 0.05 mm, specifically, the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle 30 and the hole wall of the first guide hole 201
  • the gap is a1, and a1 may specifically be 0.01 mm, 0.03 mm, or 0.05 mm. In this embodiment, a1 is 0.04mm.
  • the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle 30 and the hole wall of the first guide hole 201 is less than 0.01mm, it is inconvenient to assemble the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20, and when the valve needle 30 moves relative to the guide sleeve 20, The frictional force between the two is relatively large, resulting in relatively large resistance to the movement of the valve needle 30 , and the mutual wear between the two affects the smoothness of the movement of the valve needle 30 and also affects the life of the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 .
  • the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle 30 and the hole wall of the first guide hole 201 is greater than 0.05mm, the swingable range of the valve needle 30 is too large, and the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is poor, and finally As a result, during the operation of the electronic expansion valve, large fluid noise and jitter noise are generated, which affects the user experience. Therefore, the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle 30 and the hole wall of the first guide hole 201 is set between 0.0075mm and 0.05mm, while the service life of the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 can be guaranteed, the valve can be reduced. Chattering noise and fluid noise of needle 30.
  • the length of the first guide hole 201 is greater than 7 mm, the space occupied by the guide sleeve 20 in the valve chamber 101 may be too large, causing turbulence and fluid noise. Therefore, setting the length of the first guide hole 201 between 1.5mm and 7mm can not only reduce the vibration noise of the electronic expansion valve, but also reduce the fluid noise of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the valve needle 30 includes a cylindrical section 31 and a conical section 32 arranged in sequence along the axial direction, the conical section 32 is arranged close to the valve port 102, and the valve needle 30 has a relatively closed position and a maximum opening. position, when the valve needle 30 moves to the maximum opening position, the conical section 32 is entirely located outside the guide sleeve 20 .
  • the valve needle 30 moves to the maximum opening, it can ensure the guiding effect of the guide sleeve 20 on the valve needle 30 , reduce the vibration amplitude of the valve needle 30 , and reduce fluid noise and vibration noise.
  • the distance between the end of the conical section 32 away from the cylindrical section 31 and the valve port 102 can be ensured, ensuring the smoothness of the valve needle 30 controlling the opening and closing process of the valve port 102 .
  • the distance between the end surface of the cylindrical section 31 close to the conical section 32 and the end surface of the guide sleeve 20 close to the valve port 102 is less than 1mm.
  • Such arrangement can reduce the space of the valve cavity 101 occupied by the valve needle 30 while ensuring the guiding effect of the guide sleeve 20 on the valve needle 30, and reduce the turbulence caused by the valve needle 30 during the operation of the electronic expansion valve, so as to further reduce the Fluid noise. Therefore, through the above arrangement, not only the vibration noise of the valve needle 30 can be reduced, but also the fluid noise can be reduced.
  • the end surface of the cylindrical section 31 close to the conical section 32 is flush with the end surface of the guide sleeve 20 close to the valve port 102 .
  • Such setting can not only ensure the guiding effect of the guide sleeve 20 on the valve needle 30, reduce the vibration noise of the valve needle 30, but also reduce the turbulence phenomenon caused by the valve needle 30 occupying too much space in the valve cavity 101, and reduce fluid noise.
  • both ends of the first guide hole 201 are provided with chamfers on the inner peripheral surfaces.
  • the setting of the chamfer can facilitate the assembly of the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 , and at the same time, can also improve the smoothness of the valve needle 30 in the process of moving.
  • a second guide hole 202 is also provided on the guide sleeve 20, the second guide hole 202 is coaxially arranged with the first guide hole 201, and the second guide hole 202 is located in the first guide hole.
  • 201 is one end away from the valve chamber 101 and communicates with the first guide hole 201.
  • the diameter of the second guide hole 202 is larger than the diameter of the first guide hole 201.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a spring sleeve 41 and a spring 42.
  • the spring sleeve 41 can The valve needle 30 is disposed in the second guide hole 202 movably, the end of the valve needle 30 away from the valve port 102 is located in the spring housing 41 , the spring 42 is located in the spring housing 41 , and one end of the spring 42 contacts the valve needle 30 .
  • the spring 42 acts as a buffer against the movement of the valve needle 30 to ensure the stability of the movement of the valve needle 30.
  • the vibration acts as a buffer to reduce the vibration amplitude of the valve needle 30 , thereby reducing the mechanical noise generated by the vibration of the valve needle 30 .
  • the setting of the spring sleeve 41 can guide the extension or contraction of the spring 42 , ensure the stability of the spring 42 in the stretching process, and further ensure the buffering effect of the spring 42 on the valve needle 30 .
  • the electronic expansion valve also has an installation cavity 60 , which is communicated with the valve cavity 101 and forms a receiving cavity.
  • the installation cavity 60 is opposite to the valve port 102 .
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw 71 and a bearing 80 .
  • the screw rod 71 is movably arranged in the housing cavity, one end of the screw rod 71 is located in the installation cavity 60, and the other end of the screw rod 71 is located in the valve cavity 101;
  • the bearing 80 is arranged in the spring sleeve 41, and the bearing 80 includes an inner ring and an outer ring.
  • the end of the screw rod 71 passes through the spring sleeve 41 and is fixedly connected with the inner ring.
  • a nut sleeve 72 is also provided in the accommodating cavity, and the screw rod 71 is screwed into the nut sleeve 72 , and the screw rod 71 is close to or far from the valve port 102 .
  • the above settings make the arrangement of each component reasonable and compact in structure, and the guide sleeve 20 plays a guiding role in the movement of the bearing 80, ensuring the smoothness of the movement of the bearing 80, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the movement of the screw 71; the screw 71
  • the fixed connection with the inner ring of the bearing 80 can ensure the stability of the rotation process of the screw rod 71 and the straightness of the movement of the screw rod 71 .
  • the electronic expansion valve further includes a gasket 90, which is arranged in the spring sleeve 41, and the gasket 90 is located between the spring 42 and the bearing 80, and one end of the gasket 90 is in contact with the end of the spring 42 away from the valve needle 30. Then, the other end of the spacer 90 abuts against the outer ring of the bearing 80 .
  • the screw rod 71 rotates and approaches the valve port 102, the screw rod 71 moves to drive the bearing 80 to move, and the bearing 80 moves to drive the gasket 90 to move.
  • the spring 42 is compressed, and the valve needle 30 moves close to the valve port 102; when the screw rod 71 rotates And in the process of moving away from the valve port 102, the movement of the screw rod 71 drives the bearing 80 to move.
  • the gasket 90 is always in contact with the bearing 80 until the screw rod 71 stops moving.
  • the arrangement of the spacer 90 can avoid direct contact between the bearing 80 and the spring 42, prevent the interference between the bearing 80 and the spring 42 during the expansion and contraction process, and ensure the uniformity of the force on the spring 42.
  • the stability and smoothness of the movement process of the valve needle 30 are guaranteed, and the mechanical noise and fluid noise generated when the electronic expansion valve is in operation are reduced.
  • Applying the technical solution of the present application can not only reduce the resistance during the movement of the valve needle 30, ensure the smoothness of the movement of the valve needle 30, but also reduce the shaking amplitude of the valve needle 30 when the fluid impacts the valve needle 30, and reduce the 30
  • the mechanical noise and fluid noise generated during shaking enhance the user experience.
  • the gap between the outer wall of the valve needle 30 and the hole wall of the first guide hole 201 is a1, and a1 can also be set between 0.0075 mm and 0.04 mm.
  • the first guide hole 201 of the guide sleeve 20 guides the valve needle 30 so that the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 maintain a good coaxiality. If a1 is less than 0.0075mm, the gap between the valve needle 30 and the first guide hole 201 If the valve needle 30 is too small, the friction between the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 will be relatively large, resulting in increased resistance to the movement of the valve needle 30, and there is also the possibility of pinning due to too small a gap.
  • a1 is greater than 0.04mm, the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the first guide hole 201 is poor, resulting in a poor coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102, and then the valve needle 30 is in motion. It is prone to problems of large jitter, mechanical or fluid noise. Therefore, setting the range of a1 between 0.0075mm and 0.04mm can ensure that the movement resistance of the valve needle 30 is small, the vibration of the valve needle 30 is small, and the mechanical or fluid noise of the electronic expansion valve is small. Specifically, the range of a1 may be 0.0075mm, 0.025mm or 0.04mm.
  • the gap a1 between the outer circumference of the valve needle 30 and the inner wall of the first guide hole 201 of the guide sleeve 20 ranges from 0.0075 mm to 0.04 mm. Setting the range of a1 between 0.0075mm and 0.04mm can ensure the coaxiality of the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102, so that the movement resistance of the valve needle 30 is small, the vibration of the valve needle 30 is small, and the mechanical Or fluid noise is small.
  • the gap between the gasket 90 and the spring sleeve 41 is a2, and a1 is less than or equal to a2. If a1 is greater than a2, the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the second guide hole 202 is poor, so that the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is poor, and the valve needle 30 will vibrate and make a lot of noise when moving . Therefore, making a1 less than or equal to a2 can ensure that the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is better, so that the valve needle 30 moves with less vibration and less mechanical noise.
  • the gap between the bearing 80 and the spring sleeve 41 is a3, and a1 is less than or equal to a3. If a1 is greater than a3, the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the second guide hole 202 is poor, so that the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is poor, and the valve needle 30 will vibrate and make a lot of noise when moving . Therefore, making a1 less than or equal to a3 can ensure that the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is better, so that the valve needle 30 has less vibration and less mechanical noise.
  • the gap between the spring sleeve 41 and the guide sleeve 20 is a4, and a1 is less than or equal to a4. If a1 is greater than a4, the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the second guide hole 202 is poor, so that the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is poor, and the valve needle 30 will vibrate and produce Loud mechanical noise and fluid noise. Therefore, making a1 less than or equal to a4 can ensure that the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is better, so that the valve needle 30 has less vibration and less mechanical noise.
  • the gap a2 between the washer 90 and the spring sleeve 41 ranges from 0.04mm to 0.15mm.
  • a2 is less than 0.04 mm, the friction force between the gasket 90 and the spring sleeve 41 is relatively large, resulting in high mechanical noise, and the movement resistance of the gasket 90 is large.
  • the coaxiality between the gasket 90 and the spring sleeve 41 is poor, so that the coaxiality between the gasket 90 and the valve port 102 is poor, which in turn causes the spring 42, the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102
  • the coaxiality of the valves is poor, so that the valve needle 30 vibrates greatly when the valve needle moves, the mechanical noise is large, and the fluid noise is large.
  • the gap a2 between the gasket 90 and the spring sleeve 41 may be 0.04mm, 0.1mm or 0.15mm.
  • the gap a3 between the bearing 80 and the spring sleeve 41 ranges from 0.04 mm to 0.15 mm.
  • a3 is less than 0.04
  • the frictional force between the bearing 80 and the spring sleeve 41 is relatively large, so that the movement resistance of the bearing 80 is large, resulting in a slower response of the valve needle 30 and greater noise.
  • the coaxiality between the bearing 80 and the spring sleeve 41 is poor, so that the coaxiality between the screw rod 71 integrated with the bearing and the valve port 102 is poor, which in turn causes the gasket 90, the spring 42 and the valve
  • the coaxiality between the needle 30 and the valve port 102 is poor, so that when the valve needle moves, the valve needle 30 vibrates greatly, the mechanical noise is large, and the fluid noise is large.
  • the gap a3 between the bearing 80 and the spring sleeve 41 can be 0.04mm, 0.1mm or 0.15mm.
  • the gap a4 between the spring sleeve 41 and the guide sleeve 20 ranges from 0.04 mm to 0.15 mm.
  • a4 is less than 0.04 mm, the friction force between the guide sleeve 20 and the spring sleeve 41 is relatively large, which makes the movement resistance of the spring sleeve 41 large, resulting in a slow response of the valve needle 30 .
  • a4 is greater than 0.15mm, the coaxiality between the guide sleeve 20 and the spring sleeve 41 is poor, resulting in a poor coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102, and the vibration of the valve needle 30 is large when the valve needle moves.
  • the mechanical noise is loud, and the fluid noise is loud.
  • the gap a4 between the spring sleeve 41 and the guide sleeve 20 may be 0.04mm, 0.1mm or 0.15mm.
  • the gap a1 between the outer circumference of the valve needle 30 and the inner wall of the second guide hole 202 of the guide sleeve 20 ranges from 0.0075mm to 0.04mm, which can ensure the coaxiality of the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102, The movement resistance of the valve needle 30 is small, the vibration of the valve needle 30 is small, and the mechanical or fluid noise of the electronic expansion valve is small.
  • the gap between the gasket 90 and the spring sleeve 41 is a2, and a1 is less than or equal to a2; the gap between the bearing 80 and the spring sleeve 41 is a3, and a1 is less than or equal to a3; The gap is a4, a1 is less than or equal to a4; such setting can ensure that the coaxiality between the valve needle 30 and the valve port 102 is better, so that the valve needle 30 has less vibration and less mechanical noise.
  • the guide sleeve 20 includes a main body section 21 and a thin-walled section 22 sequentially connected in the axial direction, and the main body section 21 has a first end 203 and a second Two ends 204, the thin-walled section 22 is connected with the first end 203, the end face of the first end 203 and the thin-walled section 22 are located in the valve cavity 101, the outer diameter of the thin-walled section 22 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first end 203, and thin The outer diameter of the end of the wall segment 22 close to the main body segment 21 is greater than the outer diameter of the end of the thin wall segment 22 away from the main body segment 21 .
  • the valve needle 30 is movably arranged in the guide sleeve 20.
  • the valve needle 30 partially passes through the guide sleeve 20 and is located in the valve chamber 101.
  • the valve needle 30 is used to control the opening and closing of the valve port 102.
  • the thin-walled section 22 can control the valve Needle 30 guides.
  • the fluid when the fluid flows into the valve cavity 101 , the fluid contacts the valve needle 30 and has a certain impact force on the valve needle 30 and the guide sleeve 20 .
  • the above arrangement can reduce the height difference of the step structure formed between the end of the guide sleeve 20 close to the valve port 102 and the valve needle 30, thereby reducing the phenomenon of turbulent flow caused by the impact of the fluid on the step structure, and reducing the pressure of the electronic expansion valve. Fluid noise during operation. and.
  • the setting of the thin-walled section 22 can strengthen the guiding effect of the guide sleeve 20 on the valve needle 30, further reduce the shaking range of the valve needle 30, and reduce the mechanical noise caused by the shaking of the valve needle 30 when the electronic expansion valve is in operation.
  • the difference between the outer diameter of the thin-walled section 22 and the inner diameter of the thin-walled section 22 is between 0.15mm and 1.5mm. If the difference between the outer diameter of the thin-walled section 22 and the inner diameter of the thin-walled section 22 is less than 0.15mm, the structural strength of the thin-walled section 22 is low, and under the long-term impact of the fluid, the thin-walled section 22 is prone to damage and loses Guiding effect on the valve needle 30; if the difference between the outer diameter of the thin-walled section 22 and the inner diameter of the thin-walled section 22 is greater than 1.5 mm, on the one hand, the height difference between the thin-walled section 22 and the valve needle 30 forming a stepped structure is too large, On the other hand, the space of the valve cavity 101 occupied by the thin-walled section 22 is also too large, which causes fluid disturbances and further increases the fluid noise generated when the electronic expansion valve is in operation.
  • the difference between the outer diameter of the thin-walled section 22 and the inner diameter of the thin-walled section 22 is set between 0.15mm and 1.5mm, which can not only ensure the strength of the thin-walled section 22 but also reduce the electron density. Mechanical noise and fluid noise generated when the expansion valve works.
  • the difference between the outer diameter of the thin-walled section 22 and the inner diameter of the thin-walled section 22 can be set to 0.15mm, 1mm or 1.5mm.
  • the thin-walled section 22 includes at least one of a tapered section and a straight section.
  • Such setting can make the guide sleeve 20 suitable for electronic expansion valves of different structures, and improve the adaptability of the guide sleeve 20 .
  • the thin-walled section 22 can be set as a single straight section. Such setting can facilitate the processing and molding of the guide sleeve 20 .
  • the thin-walled section 22 can also be set as a single tapered section to minimize the impact on the fluid; the thin-walled section 22 can also be set as a combination of a straight line section and a tapered section.
  • the outer diameter of the thin-walled section 22 gradually increases.
  • the thin-walled section 22 can be set as a stepped section, and the thin-walled section 22 can also be set as a conical section and a stepped section connected to each other.
  • the thin-walled section 22 is a tapered section, the inner diameter of the thin-walled section 22 is D1, the outer diameter of the end of the thin-walled section 22 away from the main body section 21 is D2, and the thin-walled section 22 is close to the main body section 21.
  • the outer diameter of one end is D3.
  • the difference between D2 and D1 is 0.15 mm, and the difference between D3 and D1 is 1.5 mm.
  • Such setting can not only ensure the structural strength of the thin-walled section 22 , but also reduce the fluid noise generated by the height difference of the step structure formed between the end of the thin-walled section 22 away from the main body section 21 and the valve needle 30 .
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a first connecting pipe 11, the first connecting pipe 11 is arranged on the valve seat 10, the first connecting pipe 11 communicates with the valve cavity 101, and the first connecting pipe 11
  • the axis is perpendicular to the axis of the valve needle 30 .
  • the radius of the first connecting pipe 11 is R
  • the distance between the end surface of the first end 203 and the axis of the first connecting pipe 11 is between R-0.5mm and R+0.5mm.
  • the distance between the end surface of the first end 203 and the axis of the first connecting pipe 11 is greater than R+0.5mm, the distance between the end of the thin-walled section 22 away from the main body section 21 and the valve port 102 is relatively large, and a valve needle may appear.
  • the phenomenon of large vibration amplitude may cause mechanical noise when the electronic expansion valve is working; If the space occupied by the valve cavity 101 is too large, flow turbulence may occur, which will cause fluid noise when the electronic expansion valve is working. Therefore, the above arrangement can not only reduce the mechanical noise caused by the shaking of the valve needle 30 when the electronic expansion valve is in operation, but also reduce the fluid noise when the electronic expansion valve is in operation.
  • the distance between the end surface of the first end 203 and the axis of the first connecting pipe 11 is R.
  • Such setting makes all the thin-walled sections 22 located in the valve cavity 101 and bears the impact force from the fluid, so as to ensure the stability of the valve needle 30 .
  • the fluid can be prevented from directly impacting the first end 203 , thereby reducing the turbulence and fluid noise generated by the fluid.
  • the guide sleeve 20 has a first hole section 205 and a second hole section 206 arranged in steps, the first hole section 205 is located in the main body section 21, and the second hole section 206 is penetrated at the first end In the end surface of 203 and the thin-walled section 22 , the second hole section 206 is used to cooperate with and guide the valve needle 30 .
  • the aperture diameter of the first hole section 205 is larger than the aperture diameter of the second hole section 206.
  • Such setting can ensure the smooth movement of the valve needle 30 and the installation process, and also facilitate the installation of other valves in the second hole section 206. Needle 30 fits.
  • the length of the second hole section 206 is between 1.5 mm and 7 mm, and the length of the thin-walled section 22 is less than 6 mm.
  • the length of the thin-walled section 22 is L1
  • the length of the second hole section 206 is L2.
  • the length of the second hole segment 206 may be 1.5mm, 4mm or 7mm.
  • the length of the thin-walled section 22 may be 1 mm, 3 mm or 6 mm. In this embodiment, L1 is 5mm, and L2 is 6mm.
  • Such setting can not only ensure the matching length between the guide sleeve 20 and the valve needle 30, but also reduce the space of the valve chamber 101 occupied by the guide sleeve 20, thereby reducing the mechanical noise and vibration of the valve needle when the electronic expansion valve is working as a whole. Fluid noise.
  • the guide sleeve 20 is provided with chamfers, and the chamfers are respectively located on the inner peripheral surfaces of the two ends of the second hole segment 206 .
  • the setting of the chamfer can guide the assembly of the valve needle 30 and facilitate the installation of the valve needle 30 .
  • the guide sleeve 20 also includes a fixing protrusion 23, the fixing protrusion 23 is annularly arranged on the outside of the main body section 21, the fixing protrusion 23 is arranged near the first end 203 of the main body section 21, the fixing protrusion 23 is fixedly connected with the valve seat 10.
  • the valve seat 10 is provided with a mounting hole 103, the mounting hole 103 communicates with the valve cavity 101 and is opposite to the valve port 102, the fixing protrusion 23 is matched with the mounting hole 103, and the fixing protrusion 23 is embedded in the mounting hole 103 and The valve seat 10 is fixedly fitted.
  • the cooperation between the fixing protrusion 23 and the mounting hole 103 can ensure the contact area between the guide sleeve 20 and the valve seat 10 , thereby ensuring the stability of the assembly of the guide sleeve 20 and the valve seat 10 .
  • the setting of the thin-walled section 22 can not only reduce the space of the valve chamber 101 occupied by the guide sleeve 20, but also reduce the height difference of the stepped structure formed between the guide sleeve 20 and the valve needle 30, Furthermore, the turbulence phenomenon caused by the disturbance of the fluid by the guide sleeve 20 can be reduced, and the noise generated when the electronic expansion valve is in operation can be reduced.
  • the valve seat 10 is provided with a first connection port 104 and a second connection port 105, and the first connection port 104 communicates with the valve chamber 101,
  • the valve seat 10 is also provided with a first transition hole section 106 and a second transition hole section 107, wherein the first transition hole section 106, the valve port 102 and the second transition hole section 107 are connected in sequence, and the first transition hole section 106 It communicates with the valve cavity 101, and the second transition hole section 107 communicates with the second connection port 105.
  • the second transition hole section 107 has a third end and a fourth end oppositely arranged, the third end is connected with the valve port 102 and the third end
  • the diameter is equal to the diameter of the valve port 102, and the diameter of the second transition hole section 107 gradually increases from the third end to the fourth end.
  • the first connection port 104 and the second connection port 105 are respectively connected to devices in the use environment, and the fluid flows from the first connection port 104 to the second connection port 105 or from the second connection port 105 to the first connection port 104.
  • the third end of the second transition hole section 107 is connected to the valve port 102 and the diameter of the third end is equal to the diameter of the valve port 102, and the diameter of the second transition hole section 107 is from the third end to the fourth end.
  • the direction gradually becomes larger, so that when the fluid flows from the first connection port 104 to the second connection port 105 or from the second connection port 105 to the first connection port 104, the fluid passes through the valve port 102 and the second transition hole section 107, the diameter of the channel through which the fluid flows gradually changes without sudden increase or decrease, so that the fluid can flow smoothly, which can reduce the possibility of the fluid vortex, thereby reducing the size of the electronic expansion valve. the noise produced.
  • the diameter of the end of the first transition hole section 106 close to the valve port 102 is larger than the diameter of the valve port 102 .
  • valve seat 10 is also provided with a third transition hole segment 108, the third transition hole segment 108 is located at the end of the first transition hole segment 106 away from the valve port 102, and one end of the third transition hole segment 108 is connected to the first transition hole segment.
  • the hole section 106 communicates, and the other end of the third transition hole section 108 communicates with the valve cavity 101 , and the diameter of the third transition hole section 108 gradually decreases toward the valve port 102 .
  • the diameter of the third transition hole section 108 gradually decreases toward the valve port 102, so the fluid flows from the first transition hole section 106 to the third transition hole section 108 or from the third transition hole section 108 to the first transition hole In section 106, the diameter of the passage through which the fluid flows gradually changes, so that no eddies are generated when the fluid flows, so that the noise generated by the fluid flow is small, thereby reducing the noise of the electronic expansion valve.
  • first transition hole section 106 and the valve port 102 are cylindrical sections
  • second transition hole section 107 and the third transition hole section 108 are conical sections. Setting the first transition hole section 106 and the valve port 102 as cylindrical sections makes the processing technology of the valve seat 10 simple.
  • the second transition hole section 107 and the third transition hole section 108 are set as conical sections, so that the diameters of the second transition hole section 107 and the third transition hole section 108 gradually change slowly, thereby further reducing the fluid flow through the second transition hole. Noise generated when section 107 and third transition hole section 108.
  • the second transition hole section 107 is a tapered hole, and the taper angle of the second transition hole section 107 ranges from 30 degrees to 65 degrees. Such setting makes the diameter of the second transition hole section 107 change slowly, further reducing the noise of fluid flow.
  • the sum of the lengths of the first transition hole section 106 and the third transition hole section 108 ranges from 0.5 mm to 2 mm. If the length sum of the first transition hole section 106 and the third transition hole section 108 is less than 0.5 mm, the second transition hole section One transition hole section 106 and the third transition hole section 108 can not preserve more fluid, thereby can not make the gas in the fluid overflow to a large extent; If the length sum of the first transition hole section 106 and the third transition hole section 108 is greater than 2mm, the overall size of the valve seat 10 is larger; therefore, the range of the length sum of the first transition hole section 106 and the third transition hole section 108 is set to 0.5mm to 2mm, so that the processing technology of the valve seat 10 is simple and at the same time ensures The overall size of the valve seat 10 is relatively small. As shown in FIG. 14 , the length of the first transition hole section 106 is d1, the length of the third transition hole section 108 is d2, and the sum of d1 and
  • the length range of the valve port 102 is set to 0.5mm to 2mm.
  • the length of the valve port 102 is less than 0.5mm, the contact area between the valve needle and the valve port 102 is small when the valve needle blocks the valve port 102, resulting in poor sealing effect;
  • the length of the port 102 is greater than 2 mm, the overall size of the valve seat 10 is larger; therefore, the length range of the valve port 102 is set to 0.5 mm to 2 mm, which not only ensures the sealing performance of the electronic expansion valve, but also makes the overall size of the valve seat 10 Smaller size.
  • the length of the valve port 102 is d3, which can be 0.5mm, 1mm or 2mm.
  • the length range of the second transition hole section 107 is set to 0.5mm to 3mm, if the length of the second transition hole section 107 is less than 0.5mm, the diameter of the end of the second transition hole section 107 away from the valve port 102 is smaller, and the second transition The end of the hole section 107 away from the valve port 102 is connected to the second connecting pipe 12 and has a large diameter difference from the second connecting pipe 12, resulting in a relatively large fluid flow noise; if the length of the second transition hole section 107 is greater than 3mm, Then the overall size of the valve seat 10 is larger; therefore, the length range of the second transition hole section 107 is set to 0.5 mm to 3 mm, which not only reduces the noise of the fluid but also ensures that the overall size of the valve seat 10 is smaller. As shown in FIG. 14 , the length of the second transition hole section 107 is d4, and d4 may be 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm or 3mm.
  • the diameter of the first transition hole section 106 ranges from 4.5 mm to 8 mm. If the diameter of the first transition hole section 106 is less than 4.5 mm, the liquid fluid stays in the first transition hole section 106 for a short time, so that the gas in the fluid cannot overflow to a large extent, if the first transition hole section 106 If the diameter is greater than 8mm, the structural size of the valve seat 10 will be larger, so that the volume of the electronic expansion valve will be larger. Therefore, the diameter range of the first transition hole section 106 is set from 4.5mm to 8mm, which can ensure that the gas in the fluid is relatively small. The overflow to a large extent also allows the structural dimensions of the valve seat 10 to be reduced.
  • the diameter of the valve port 102 ranges from 1.3mm to 3.2mm. If the diameter of the valve port 102 is less than 1.3mm, the flow rate of the fluid is relatively slow. If the diameter of the valve port 102 is greater than 3.2mm, the difference between the diameters of the valve port 102 and the first transition hole section 106 is small, and the fluid flows through the first transition hole. Section 106 stays for a short time, so that the gas in the fluid cannot overflow to a large extent. Therefore, the diameter range of the valve port 102 is set to 1.3mm to 3.2mm, which can ensure the flow rate of the fluid and make the gas in the fluid Gas escapes to a greater extent. As shown in FIG. 14 , the diameter of the first transition hole section 106 is l1. l1 can be 4.5mm, 6mm or 8mm. The diameter of the valve port 102 is l2, and l2 can be 1.3mm, 2mm or 3.2mm.
  • connection groove 109 is used to connect the second connecting pipe 12, which can facilitate the connection of the second connecting pipe 12 and the valve seat 10, and provides a connecting space for the connection of the two, so as to ensure the stability of the connection between the two.
  • the electronic expansion valve using the valve seat 10 described in the above technical solution has the advantages of low noise and simple processing technology.
  • the third end of the second transition hole section 107 is connected to the valve port 102 and the diameter of the third end is equal to the diameter of the valve port 102, and the diameter of the second transition hole section 107 gradually increases from the third end to the fourth end. become larger, so that when the fluid flows from the first connection port 104 to the second connection port 105 or from the second connection port 105 to the first connection port 104, when the fluid passes through the valve port 102 and the second transition hole section 107 , the diameter of the channel through which the fluid flows changes gradually, without sudden increase or decrease, so that the fluid can flow smoothly, which can reduce the possibility of the fluid vortex, thereby reducing the electronic expansion valve.
  • the diameter of the end near the valve port 102 of the first transition hole section 106 is greater than the diameter of the valve port 102, when the fluid flows from the first connection port 104 to the second connection port 105, the liquid will flow in the first transition hole section 106 Stop, the gas doped in the liquid fluid will overflow into the valve cavity, so that more liquid fluid can pass through the valve port, and the noise when the fluid flows through the valve port is reduced;
  • the valve seat 10 is also provided with a third transition The hole section 108, the third transition hole section 108 is located at the end of the first transition hole section 106 away from the valve port 102, the diameter of the third transition hole section 108 gradually decreases in the direction towards the valve port 102, so that the fluid from the first transition
  • the hole section 106 flows to the third transition hole section 108 or flows from the third transition hole section 108 to the first transition hole section 106, the diameter of the channel through which the fluid flows changes gradually, so that no vortex is generated when the fluid flows, so that The fluid flow generates little noise
  • orientation words such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom” etc. indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description. In the absence of a contrary statement, these orientation words do not indicate or imply the device or element referred to It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present application; the orientation words “inner and outer” refer to the inner and outer relative to the outline of each component itself.
  • spatially relative terms may be used here, such as “on !, “over !, “on the surface of !, “above”, etc., to describe the The spatial positional relationship between one device or feature shown and other devices or features. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, devices described as “above” or “above” other devices or configurations would then be oriented “beneath” or “above” the other devices or configurations. under other devices or configurations”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” can encompass both an orientation of “above” and “beneath”. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptions used herein interpreted accordingly.

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Abstract

一种电子膨胀阀，其包括：阀座(10)，具有阀腔(101)和阀口(102)，阀口(102)设置在阀腔(101)的端部；导向套(20)，固定设置在阀座(10)上，导向套(20)与阀口(102)相对设置，导向套(20)具有第一导向孔(201)，第一导向孔(201)与阀腔(101)连通；阀针(30)，可移动地设置在导向套(20)内，阀针(30)的一端由第一导向孔(201)穿出并对应阀口(102)设置，阀针(30)与第一导向孔(201)间隙配合，阀针(30)用于控制阀口(102)的开启以及闭合，阀针(30)在第一导向孔(201)内的摆动幅度在0.4°至2.4°之间。该电子膨胀阀可以解决现有技术中电子膨胀阀因阀针抖动而引起的噪音过大的问题。

Description

电子膨胀阀
本申请要求于2021年09月02日提交至中国国家知识产权局，申请号为202122116505.2、发明名称为“电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权；本申请要求于2021年09月02日提交至国家知识产权局，申请号为202122112662.6、发明名称为“电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权；本申请要求于2021年09月02日提交至国家知识产权局，申请号为202122116122.5、发明名称为“电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权；本申请要求于2021年09月02日提交至国家知识产权局，申请号为202122113665.1、发明名称为“阀座及具有其的电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及阀门技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电子膨胀阀。
背景技术
电子膨胀阀作为一种新型的控制元件，已成为制冷系统智能化的重要组成部分。电子膨胀阀包括底座、导向套和阀针，底座具有阀腔，阀腔内设置有阀口，导向套与阀座固定配合，且导向套与阀口相对设置，阀针可移动地设置在导向套内，阀针部分穿过导向套并位于阀腔内，阀针用于控制阀口的开启以及闭合。但是现有的电子膨胀阀在工作的过程中，流体对阀针具有一定的冲击力，阀针在该冲击力的作用下会发生抖动并对流体产生扰动，最终导致电子膨胀阀在工作的过程中产生阀针抖动噪音和流体噪音，影响用户的使用体验。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电子膨胀阀，以解决现有技术中的电子膨胀阀因阀针抖动而引起的噪音过大的问题。
本申请提供了一种电子膨胀阀，其包括：阀座，具有阀腔和阀口，阀口设置在阀腔的端部；导向套，固定设置在阀座上，导向套与阀口相对设置，导向套具有第一导向孔，第一导向孔与阀腔连通；阀针，可移动地设置在导向套内，阀针的一端由第一导向孔穿出并对应阀口设置，阀针与第一导向孔间隙配合，阀针用于控制阀口的开启以及闭合，阀针在第一导向孔内的摆动幅度在0.4°至2.4°之间。
应用本申请的技术方案，当电子膨胀阀工作时，流体对阀针产生一定的冲击力，在流体冲击力的作用下，阀针发生抖动，此时阀针的轴线与导向套的轴线之间具有夹角，且阀针的轴线与导向套的轴线之间的夹角在0.2°至1.2°之间。若阀针的轴线与导向套的轴线之间的夹角大于1.2°，一方面，将导致阀针的可摆动的范围过大，进而使得由于阀针抖动而对流体造成的扰动过大，最终产生较大的流体噪音和抖动噪音；另一方面，会使得阀针与导向套之间的同轴度较差，不利于阀针与阀口配合。若阀针的轴线与导向套的轴线之间的夹角小于0.2°，则无法保证阀针的侧壁与第一导向孔的孔壁之间的间隙，在阀针反复的移动过程中， 阀针的侧壁可能与第一导向孔的孔壁接触，造成对阀针以及导向套的磨损，影响阀针以及导向套的使用寿命。因此，将阀针的摆动幅度设置在0.4°至2.4°之间，在保证阀针以及导向套的使用寿命的同时，降低阀针的抖动噪音和流体噪音。
进一步地，阀针的外侧壁与第一导向孔的孔壁之间的间隙在0.0075mm至0.05mm之间。如此设置，能够保证阀针与导向套的同轴度，进而能够保证阀针与导向套的使用寿命，也能够降低电子膨胀阀的抖动噪音和流体噪音。
进一步地，第一导向孔的长度在1.5mm至7mm之间。如此设置，既能够降低电子膨胀阀的抖动噪音，也能够降低电子膨胀阀的流体噪音。
进一步地，阀针包括沿轴线方向依次设置的圆柱段和圆锥段，圆锥段靠近阀口设置，阀针具有相对设置的封堵位置和最大开度位置，当阀针移动至最大开度位置时，圆锥段全部位于导向套的外侧。如此设置，能够保证导向套对阀针的导向效果，降低阀针的抖动噪音，也能够保证阀针控制阀口的开启以及闭合过程的顺畅性。
进一步地，当阀针移动至最大开度位置时，圆柱段的靠近圆锥段的端面与导向套的靠近阀口的一端的端面之间的间距小于1mm。通过上述设置，既能够降低阀针的抖动噪音，也能降低流体噪音。
进一步地，当阀针移动至最大开度位置时，圆柱段的靠近圆锥段的端面与导向套的靠近阀口的端面齐平。如此设置，既能够保证导向套对阀针的导向效果，降低阀针的抖动噪音，也能够降低由于阀针占据阀腔空间过大而引起的扰流现象，降低流体噪音。
进一步地，第一导向孔的两端的内周面上均设置有倒角。倒角的设置，能够方便阀针与导向套的装配，同时，也能够提升阀针移动过程中的顺畅性。
进一步地，导向套上还设置有第二导向孔，第二导向孔与第一导向孔同轴设置，第二导向孔位于第一导向孔的远离阀腔的一端，且与第一导向孔连通，第二导向孔的孔径大于第一导向孔的孔径，电子膨胀阀还包括弹簧套和弹簧，弹簧套可移动地设置在第二导向孔内，阀针的远离阀口的一端位于弹簧套内，弹簧位于弹簧套内，且弹簧的一端与阀针抵接。弹簧和弹簧套的设置，能够对阀针的移动以及阀针的抖动起到缓冲的作用，保证阀针移动过程的顺畅性，也能够降低阀针抖动产生的抖动噪音。
进一步地，电子膨胀阀还具有安装腔，安装腔与阀腔连通设置并形成容纳腔，安装腔与阀口相对设置，电子膨胀阀还包括：螺杆，可移动地设置在容纳腔内，螺杆的一端位于安装腔内，螺杆的另一端位于阀腔内；轴承，设置在弹簧套内，轴承包括内圈和外圈，螺杆的端部穿设在弹簧套内并与内圈固定连接。
进一步地，电子膨胀阀还包括：垫片，设置在弹簧套内，垫片位于弹簧和轴承之间，垫片的一端与弹簧的远离阀针的一端抵接，垫片的另一端与轴承的外圈抵接。如此设置，能够保证阀针移动过程的顺畅性，降低电子膨胀阀工作时产生的流体噪音和机械噪音。
进一步地，垫片与弹簧套之间的间隙为a2，a1小于或等于a2。若a1大于a2，阀针与导向套之间的间隙较大，从而使阀针与阀口的同轴度较差，阀针移动时会出现抖动。因此，使a1小于或等于a2，可保证阀针与导向套的同轴度较好，使阀针抖动小、机械噪音小。
进一步地，轴承与弹簧套之间的间隙为a3，a1小于或等于a3。若a1大于a3，阀针与导向套之间的间隙较大，进而使阀针与阀口的同轴度较差。因此，使a1小于或等于a3，可保证阀针与导向套的同轴度较好，使阀针抖动小、机械噪音小。
进一步地，弹簧套与导向套之间的间隙为a4，a1小于或等于a4。若a1大于a4，阀针与导向套之间的间隙较大，从而使阀针与阀口的同轴度较差，阀针移动时会抖动且会产生较大的噪音。因此，使a1小于或等于a4，可保证阀针与导向套的同轴度较好，使阀针抖动小、机械噪音小。
进一步地，垫片与弹簧套之间的间隙a2的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。a2小于0.04mm时，垫片与弹簧套之间的摩擦力较大。a2大于0.15mm时，垫片与弹簧套的同轴度较差，从而导致弹簧、阀针与阀口的同轴度较差。
进一步地，轴承与弹簧套之间的间隙a3的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。a3小于0.04mm时，轴承与弹簧套之间的摩擦力较大。a3大于0.15mm时，轴承与弹簧套的同轴度较差，从而导致与轴承一体的螺杆与阀口的同轴度较差。
进一步地，弹簧套与导向套之间的间隙a4的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。a4小于0.04mm时，导向套与弹簧套之间的摩擦力较大。a4大于0.15mm时，导向套与阀口的同轴度较差，从而导致弹簧套与阀口的同轴度较差。
进一步地，导向套包括沿轴向依次连接的主体段和薄壁段，主体段具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，薄壁段与第一端连接，第一端的端面以及薄壁段位于阀腔内，薄壁段的外径小于第一端的外径，并且，薄壁段的靠近主体段的一端的外径大于薄壁段的远离主体段的一端的外径；阀针，可移动地设置在导向套内，阀针部分穿过导向套并位于阀腔内，阀针用于控制阀口的开启以及闭合，薄壁段能够对阀针进行导向。
通过采用本申请提供的技术方案，当流体流入到阀腔时，流体接触到阀针并对阀针以及导向套有一定的冲击力。上述设置，能够减小导向套的靠近阀口的一端与阀针之间形成的台阶结构的高度差，进而能够减少流体冲击到该台阶结构而产生的湍流的现象，减少电子膨胀阀工作时产生的流体噪音。
进一步地，薄壁段的外径与薄壁段的内径之间的差值在0.15mm至1.5mm之间。如此设置，能够保证薄壁段的结构强度。
进一步地，沿薄壁段至主体段的方向，薄壁段至少包括锥形段和直线段中的一种。如此设置，能够使得导向套适用于不同结构的电子膨胀阀，提高导向套的适应性。
进一步地，沿薄壁段至主体段的方向，薄壁段的外径逐渐增加。如此设置，能够减少流体因薄壁段的外周面突变而产生的流体噪音的情况。
进一步地，电子膨胀阀还包括第一连接管，其中第一连接管设置在阀座上，第一连接管与阀腔连通，且第一连接管的轴线与阀针的轴线相垂直；其中，第一连接管的半径为R，第一端的端面与第一连接管的轴线之间的间距在R-0.5mm至R+0.5mm之间。将第一端的端面与第一连接管的轴线之间的间距设置在R-0.5mm至R+0.5mm之间，能够减少导向套占据的阀腔的空间，保证阀腔中流体的可流动的空间，以减少由于流体的可流动的空间过小而产生湍流的现象，进而能够减少电子膨胀阀工作过程中产生的流体噪音。
进一步地，第一端的端面与第一连接管的轴线之间的间距为R。如此设置，既能够保证导向套对阀针的导向效果，也能够减少导向套占据的阀腔的空间。进而既能够减少由于阀针抖动产生的机械噪音，也能够减少阀腔的供流体流动的空间过小而产生的流体噪音。
进一步地，导向套具有阶梯设置的第一孔段和第二孔段，第一孔段位于主体段内，第二孔段穿设在第一端的端面和薄壁段内，第二孔段用于与阀针配合导向。如此设置，能够保证阀针移动以及安装过程的顺畅性，同时也方便向第二孔段内安装其他的与阀针配合的部件。
进一步地，第二孔段的长度在1.5mm至7mm之间，薄壁段的长度小于6mm。如此设置，既能够保证导向套与阀针的配合长度，也能够减少导向套占据的阀腔的空间，进而能够从整体上减少电子膨胀阀工作时的阀针抖动的机械噪音和流体噪音。
进一步地，导向套上设置有倒角，倒角分别位于第二孔段的两端的内周面上。倒角的设置，能够对阀针的装配起到导向的作用，方便阀针的安装。
进一步地，导向套还包括固定凸起，固定凸起环形设置在主体段的外侧，固定凸起靠近主体段的第一端设置，固定凸起与阀座固定连接。如此设置，能够保证导向套与阀座之间的接触面积，进而能够保证导向套与阀座装配的稳定性。
进一步地，阀座上设置有第一连接口和第二连接口，第一连接口与阀腔连通，阀座上还设置有第一过渡孔段和第二过渡孔段，其中，第一过渡孔段、阀口以及第二过渡孔段顺次连通，第一过渡孔段与阀腔连通，第二过渡孔段与第二连接口连通，第二过渡孔段具有相对设置的第一端和第二端，第一端与阀口相连且第一端的直径等于阀口的直径，第二过渡孔段的直径由第一端至第二端的方向逐渐变大。第一连接口和第二连接口分别与使用环境中的设备连接，流体从第一连接口流至第二连接口或从第二连接口流至第一连接口。
应用本申请的技术方案，第二过渡孔段的第一端与阀口相连且第一端的直径等于阀口直径，第二过渡孔段的直径由第一端至第二端的方向逐渐变大，如此设置，当流体从第一连接口流至第二连接口或从第二连接口流至第一连接口时，流体经过阀口和第二过渡孔段时，流体流经的通道的直径逐渐变化，不会出现突然增大或减小的情况，使流体能够平缓流动，这样能够减少流体产生漩涡的可能性，从而能够减小电子膨胀阀由此产生的噪音。
进一步地，第一过渡孔段的靠近阀口的一端的直径大于阀口的直径。如此设置，当流体从第一连接口流至第二连接口时，液体会在第一过渡孔段停留，液体流体里掺杂的气体会溢出至阀腔内，从而能够使更多液态流体通过阀口，使流体流经阀口时的噪音减小。
进一步地，阀座上还设置有第三过渡孔段，第三过渡孔段位于第一过渡孔段的远离阀口的一端，第三过渡孔段的一端与第一过渡孔段连通，第三过渡孔段的另一端与阀腔连通，第三过渡孔段的直径沿朝向阀口的方向逐渐变小。第三过渡孔段的直径沿朝向阀口的方向逐渐变小，这样流体从第一过渡孔段流至第三过渡孔段或从第三过渡孔段流至第一过渡孔段时，流体流经的通道的直径逐渐变化，以对流体进行缓冲，减小了流体流动的噪声小，进而减小了电子膨胀阀工作时产生的噪音。
进一步地，第一过渡孔段和阀口均为圆柱段，第二过渡孔段和第三过渡孔段为圆锥段。如此设置，简化了阀座的加工工艺。圆锥段的直径逐渐缓慢变化，从而使流体流经的通道的直径逐渐变化，避免产生较大漩涡，进而使流体流动产生的噪声较小。
进一步地，第二过渡孔段为锥形孔，第二过渡孔段的锥角范围为30度至65度。如此设置，使第二过渡孔段的直径变化较缓慢，进一步减小了流体流动的噪声。
进一步地，第一过渡孔段和第三过渡孔段的长度之和范围为0.5mm至2mm，阀口的长度范围为0.5mm至2mm，第二过渡孔段的长度范围为0.5mm至3mm。这样，阀座的加工简单方便。
进一步地，第一过渡孔段的直径范围为4.5mm至8mm，阀口的直径范围为1.3mm至3.2mm。如此设置，液体流体在第一过渡孔段流至阀口时，液态流体在第一过渡孔段停留的时间较长，从而使液体流体中的较多的气体溢出，降低了流体流动的噪声。
进一步地，第二连接口的靠近阀口的端面具有连接槽，连接槽环形设置在第二过渡孔段的外侧。连接槽用于连接第二连接管。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了本申请实施例一提供的电子膨胀阀的阀座、导向套与阀针装配的结构示意图；
图2示出了图1中A处的局部放大图；
图3示出了本申请实施例一提供的导向套的结构示意图；
图4示出了图1中导向套和阀针配合的结构示意图；
图5示出了本申请实施例一提供的电子膨胀阀的结构示意图；
图6示出了图5中B处的局部放大图；
图7示出了本申请实施例二提供的电子膨胀阀的结构示意图；
图8示出了图7中C处的局部放大图；
图9示出了本申请实施例二提供的导向套的结构示意图；
图10示出了本申请实施例二提供的导向套的尺寸示意图；
图11示出了本申请实施例二提供的导向套与阀座配合的结构示意图；
图12示出了本申请实施例三提供的电子膨胀阀的结构示意图；
图13示出了本申请实施例三提供的阀座的结构示意图；
图14示出了本申请实施例三提供的阀座的尺寸图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、阀座；101、阀腔；102、阀口；
103、安装孔；104、第一连接口；105、第二连接口；
106、第一过渡孔段；107、第二过渡孔段；108、第三过渡孔段；109、连接槽；
11、第一连接管；12、第二连接管；
20、导向套；201、第一导向孔；202、第二导向孔；
203、第一端；204、第二端；205、第一孔段；206、第二孔段；
21、主体段；22、薄壁段；23、固定凸起；
30、阀针；31、圆柱段；32、圆锥段；
41、弹簧套；42、弹簧；
60、安装腔；
71、螺杆；72、螺母套；
80、轴承；
90、垫片。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何 限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1至图4所示，本申请实施例提供一种电子膨胀阀，其包括阀座10、导向套20和阀针30。其中，阀座10具有阀腔101和阀口102，阀口102设置在阀腔101的端部；导向套20固定设置在阀座10上，导向套20与阀口102相对设置，导向套20具有第一导向孔201，第一导向孔201与阀腔101连通；阀针30可移动地设置在导向套20内，阀针30的一端由第一导向孔201穿出并对应阀口102设置，阀针30与第一导向孔201间隙配合，阀针30用于控制阀口102的开启以及闭合，阀针30在第一导向孔201内的摆动幅度在0.4°至2.4°之间。即当阀针30摆动至阀针30的靠近阀口102的一端与阀口102之间的距离达到最大值时，阀针30的轴线与导向套20的轴线之间的夹角角度的二倍为阀针30的摆动幅度。
应用本申请的技术方案，当电子膨胀阀工作时，流体对阀针30产生一定的冲击力，在流体冲击力的作用下，阀针30发生抖动，此时阀针30的轴线与导向套20的轴线之间具有夹角，且阀针30的轴线与导向套20的轴线之间的夹角在0.2°至1.2°之间。具体地，如图4所示，阀针30的轴线与导向套20的轴线之间的夹角为a，且a具体可为0.2°、0.6°1.2°。本实施例中，a为1°。若阀针30的轴线与导向套20的轴线之间的夹角大于1.2°，一方面，将导致阀针30的可摆动的范围过大，进而使得由于阀针30抖动而对流体造成的扰动过大，最终产生较大的流体噪音和抖动噪音；另一方面，会使得阀针30与导向套20之间的同轴度较差，不利于阀针30与阀口102配合。若阀针30的轴线与导向套20的轴线之间的夹角小于0.2°，则无法保证阀针30的侧壁与第一导向孔201的孔壁之间的间隙，在阀针30反复的移动过程中，阀针30的侧壁可能与第一导向孔201的孔壁接触，造成对阀针30以及导向套20的磨损，影响阀针30以及导向套20的使用寿命。因此，将阀针30的摆动幅度设置在0.4°至2.4°之间，在保证阀针30以及导向套20的使用寿命的同时，降低阀针30的抖动噪音和流体噪音。
进一步地，阀针30的外侧壁与第一导向孔201的孔壁之间的间隙在0.0075mm至0.05mm之间。其中，可将阀针的外侧壁与第一导向孔201之间的间隙设置在0.01mm至0.05mm之间，具体地，阀针30的外侧壁与第一导向孔201的孔壁之间的间隙为a1，a1具体可为0.01mm、0.03mm、0.05mm。本实施例中，a1为0.04mm。若阀针30的外侧壁与第一导向孔201的孔壁之间的间隙小于0.01mm，则不方便阀针30与导向套20之间的装配，且阀针30相对导向套20移动时，两者之间的摩擦力较大，导致阀针30运动的阻力较大，二者之间相互磨损，影响阀针30移动的顺畅性，同时也影响阀针30和导向套20的寿命。若阀针30的外侧壁与第一导向孔201的孔壁之间的间隙大于0.05mm，阀针30的可摆动范围过大，进而阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较差，最终导致电子膨胀阀工作的过程中，产生较大的流体噪音和抖动噪音，影响用户的体验。因此，将阀针30的外侧壁和第一导向孔201的孔壁之间的间隙设置在0.0075mm至0.05mm之间，在能够保证阀针30与导向套20的使用寿命的同时，降低阀针30的抖动噪音和流体噪音。
进一步地，将第一导向孔201的长度设置在1.5mm至7mm之间。具体地，如图2所示，第一导向孔201的长度为D，D具体可以为1.5mm、4mm、7mm。本实施例中，第一导向孔 201的长度为D＝6mm。若第一导向孔201的长度小于1.5mm，则导向套20对阀针30的导向效果差，导致阀针30的抖动幅度大，产生较大的流体噪音和抖动噪音。若第一导向孔201的长度大于7mm，则有可能导致导向套20占据阀腔101的空间过大，引起扰流的现象，产生流体噪音。因此，将第一导向孔201的长度设置在1.5mm至7mm之间，既能降低电子膨胀阀的抖动噪音也能够降低电子膨胀阀的流体噪音。
如图1和图4所示，阀针30包括沿轴线方向依次设置的圆柱段31和圆锥段32，圆锥段32靠近阀口102设置，阀针30具有相对设置的封堵位置和最大开度位置，当阀针30移动至最大开度位置时，圆锥段32全部位于导向套20的外侧。如此设置，在阀针30移动至最大开度时，能够保证导向套20对阀针30的导向效果，减少阀针30抖动的幅度，降低流体噪音和抖动噪音。同时，能够保证圆锥段32的远离圆柱段31的一端与阀口102之间的间距，保证阀针30控制阀口102开启以及闭合过程的顺畅性。
进一步地，当阀针30移动至最大开度位置时，圆柱段31的靠近圆锥段32的端面与导向套20的靠近阀口102的一端的端面之间的间距小于1mm。如此设置，能够在保证导向套20对阀针30的导向作用的同时，减少阀针30占据的阀腔101的空间，减少电子膨胀阀工作过程中，阀针30造成的扰流，以进一步降低流体噪音。因此，通过上述设置，既能够降低阀针30的抖动噪音，也能降低流体噪音。
具体地，当阀针30移动至最大开度位置时，圆柱段31的靠近圆锥段32的端面与导向套20的靠近阀口102的端面齐平。如此设置，既能够保证导向套20对阀针30的导向效果，降低阀针30的抖动噪音，也能够降低由于阀针30占据阀腔101空间过大而引起的扰流现象，降低流体噪音。
其中，第一导向孔201的两端的内周面上均设置有倒角。倒角的设置，能够方便阀针30与导向套20的装配，同时，也能够提升阀针30移动过程中的顺畅性。
如图3、图5和图6所示，导向套20上还设置有第二导向孔202，第二导向孔202与第一导向孔201同轴设置，第二导向孔202位于第一导向孔201的远离阀腔101的一端，且与第一导向孔201连通，第二导向孔202的孔径大于第一导向孔201的孔径，电子膨胀阀还包括弹簧套41和弹簧42，弹簧套41可移动地设置在第二导向孔202内，阀针30的远离阀口102的一端位于弹簧套41内，弹簧42位于弹簧套41内，且弹簧42的一端与阀针30抵接。阀针30移动的过程中，弹簧42对阀针30的移动起到缓冲的作用，保证阀针30移动过程的平稳性，且在流体冲击阀针30的过程中，弹簧42对阀针30的抖动起到缓冲的作用，降低阀针30的抖动幅度，进而降低阀针30抖动产生的机械噪音。弹簧套41的设置，能够对弹簧42的伸长或收缩起到导向的作用，保证弹簧42伸缩过程的稳定性，进而保证弹簧42对阀针30的缓冲效果。
进一步地，电子膨胀阀还具有安装腔60，安装腔60与阀腔101连通设置并形成容纳腔，安装腔60与阀口102相对设置，电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆71和轴承80。其中，螺杆71可移动地设置在容纳腔内，螺杆71的一端位于安装腔60内，螺杆71的另一端位于阀腔101内；轴 承80设置在弹簧套41内，轴承80包括内圈和外圈，螺杆71的端部穿设在弹簧套41内并与内圈固定连接。本实施例中，容纳腔内还设置有螺母套72，螺杆71螺纹连接在螺母套72中，螺杆71靠近或远离阀口102。上述设置使得各个部件的排布方式合理，结构紧凑，且导向套20对轴承80的移动起到导向作用，保证轴承80移动过程的平稳性，进而能够保证螺杆71移动过程的平稳性；螺杆71与轴承80的内圈固定连接，能够保证螺杆71转动过程的平稳性，保证螺杆71运动的直线度。
进一步地，电子膨胀阀还包括垫片90，垫片90设置在弹簧套41内，垫片90位于弹簧42和轴承80之间，垫片90的一端与弹簧42的远离阀针30的一端抵接，垫片90的另一端与轴承80的外圈抵接。当螺杆71转动且靠近阀口102的过程中，螺杆71移动带动轴承80移动，轴承80移动驱动垫片90移动，此时弹簧42被压缩，阀针30靠近阀口102移动；当螺杆71转动且远离阀口102的过程中，螺杆71移动带动轴承80移动，此时在弹簧42弹力的作用下，垫片90始终与轴承80抵接，直至螺杆71停止移动。垫片90的设置，能够避免轴承80与弹簧42直接接触，避免轴承80在转动过程中以及弹簧42在伸缩过程中，二者互相之间发生干涉，且能够保证弹簧42受力的均匀性，保证阀针30移动过程的平稳性以及顺畅性，降低电子膨胀阀工作时产生的机械噪音和流体噪音。
应用本申请的技术方案，既能够减小阀针30移动过程中的阻力，保证阀针30移动过程中的顺畅性，也能够减少流体冲击阀针30时阀针30的抖动幅度，降低阀针30抖动时产生的机械噪音和流体噪音，提升用户的体验感。
如图5和图6所示，具体地，阀针30的外侧壁与第一导向孔201的孔壁之间的间隙为a1，a1也可设置在0.0075mm至0.04mm之间。导向套20的第一导向孔201对阀针30进行导向，使得阀针30与阀口102保持良好的同轴度，若a1小于0.0075mm，阀针30和第一导向孔201之间的间隙过小，阀针30相对导向套20移动时两者之间的摩擦较大，从而导致阀针30运动的阻力增大，也存在因间隙过小导致发卡的可能。若a1大于0.04mm，阀针30与第一导向孔201之间的同轴度较差，从而导致阀针30与阀口102之间的同轴度较差，进而使阀针30在运动时易出现抖动大、机械或流体噪声大的问题。因此，将a1的范围设置为0.0075mm至0.04mm之间，能够保证阀针30的运动阻力小、阀针30的抖动较小、电子膨胀阀的机械或流体噪声小。具体地，a1的范围可以为0.0075mm、0.025mm或0.04mm。
应用本申请的技术方案，阀针30的外周和导向套20的第一导向孔201的内壁之间的间隙a1的范围为0.0075mm至0.04mm。将a1的范围设置为0.0075mm至0.04mm之间，能够保证阀针30和阀口102的同轴度，使阀针30的运动阻力小、阀针30的抖动较小、电子膨胀阀的机械或流体噪声小。
垫片90与弹簧套41之间的间隙为a2，a1小于或等于a2。若a1大于a2，阀针30与第二导向孔202之间的同轴度较差，从而使阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较差，阀针30移动时会出现抖动且噪音大。因此，使a1小于或等于a2，可保证阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较好，使阀针30移动时抖动小、机械噪音小。
具体地，轴承80与弹簧套41之间的间隙为a3，a1小于或等于a3。若a1大于a3，阀针30与第二导向孔202之间的同轴度较差，从而使阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较差，阀针30移动时会出现抖动且噪音大。因此，使a1小于或等于a3，可保证阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较好，使阀针30抖动小、机械噪音小。
具体地，弹簧套41与导向套20之间的间隙为a4，a1小于或等于a4。若a1大于a4，阀针30与第二导向孔202之间的同轴度较差，从而使阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较差，阀针30移动时会出现抖动且会产生较大的机械噪音和流体噪音。因此，使a1小于或等于a4，可保证阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较好，使阀针30抖动小、机械噪音小。
具体地，垫片90与弹簧套41之间的间隙a2的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。a2小于0.04mm时，垫片90与弹簧套41之间的摩擦力较大，造成机械噪音大，且垫片90的运动阻力大。a2大于0.15mm时，垫片90与弹簧套41之间的同轴度较差，从而使垫片90与阀口102的同轴度较差，进而导致弹簧42、阀针30与阀口102的同轴度均较差，使阀针运动时阀针30的抖动大、机械噪音大、流体噪音大。具体地，垫片90与弹簧套41之间的间隙a2可以为0.04mm、0.1mm或0.15mm。
具体地，轴承80与弹簧套41之间的间隙a3的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。a3小于0.04时，轴承80与弹簧套41之间的摩擦力较大，使轴承80的运动阻力大，从而导致阀针30的响应较慢，且会产生较大的噪音。a3大于0.15mm时，轴承80与弹簧套41之间的同轴度较差，从而使与轴承一体的螺杆71与阀口102的同轴度较差，进而导致垫片90、弹簧42和阀针30与阀口102的同轴度均较差，使阀针运动时阀针30的抖动大、机械噪音大、流体噪音大。具体地，轴承80与弹簧套41之间的间隙a3可以为0.04mm、0.1mm或0.15mm。
具体地，弹簧套41与导向套20之间的间隙a4的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。a4小于0.04mm时，导向套20与弹簧套41之间的摩擦力较大，使弹簧套41的运动阻力大，从而导致阀针30的响应较慢。a4大于0.15mm时，导向套20与弹簧套41之间的同轴度较差，从而导致阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较差，使阀针运动时阀针30的抖动大、机械噪音大、流体噪音大。具体地，弹簧套41与导向套20之间的间隙a4可以为0.04mm、0.1mm或0.15mm。
本技术方案中，阀针30的外周和导向套20的第二导向孔202的内壁之间的间隙a1的范围为0.0075mm至0.04mm，能够保证阀针30和阀口102的同轴度，使阀针30的运动阻力小、阀针30的抖动较小、电子膨胀阀的机械或流体噪声小。此外，垫片90与弹簧套41之间的间隙为a2，a1小于或等于a2；轴承80与弹簧套41之间的间隙为a3，a1小于或等于a3；弹簧套41与导向套20之间的间隙为a4，a1小于或等于a4；如此设置，可保证阀针30与阀口102的同轴度较好，使阀针30抖动小、机械噪音小。
如图7至图11所示，在本申请的实施例二中，导向套20包括沿轴向依次连接的主体段21和薄壁段22，主体段21具有相对设置的第一端203和第二端204，薄壁段22与第一端203连接，第一端203的端面以及薄壁段22位于阀腔101内，薄壁段22的外径小于第一端203的外径，且薄壁段22的靠近主体段21的一端的外径大于薄壁段22的远离主体段21的一端 的外径。阀针30可移动地设置在导向套20内，阀针30部分穿过导向套20并位于阀腔101内，阀针30用于控制阀口102的开启以及闭合，薄壁段22能够对阀针30进行导向。
通过采用本申请提供的技术方案，当流体流入到阀腔101时，流体接触到阀针30并对阀针30以及导向套20有一定的冲击力。上述设置，能够减小导向套20的靠近阀口102的一端与阀针30之间形成的台阶结构的高度差，进而能够减少流体冲击到该台阶结构而产生的湍流的现象，减少电子膨胀阀工作时产生的流体噪音。并且。薄壁段22的设置，能够加强导向套20对阀针30的导向效果，进一步降低阀针30的抖动幅度，减少电子膨胀阀工作时阀针30抖动的机械噪音。
优选地，薄壁段22的外径与薄壁段22的内径之间的差值在0.15mm至1.5mm之间。若薄壁段22的外径与薄壁段22的内径的差值小于0.15mm，薄壁段22的结构强度低，在流体的长时间的冲击作用下，薄壁段22容易发生损坏，失去对阀针30的导向作用；若薄壁段22的外径与薄壁段22的内径的差值大于1.5mm，一方面，薄壁段22与阀针30形成台阶结构的高度差过大，另一方面，薄壁段22占据的阀腔101的空间也过大，由此导致流体发生扰动，进而增加电子膨胀阀工作时产生的流体噪音。因此本实施例中，将薄壁段22的外径与薄壁段22的内径之间的差值设置在0.15mm至1.5mm之间，这样既能够保证薄壁段22的强度也能够降低电子膨胀阀工作时产生的机械噪音和流体噪音。具体地，薄壁段22的外径与薄壁段22的内径之间的差值可以设置为0.15mm、1mm或者1.5mm。
进一步地，沿薄壁段22至主体段21的方向，薄壁段22至少包括锥形段和直线段的一种。如此设置，能够使得导向套20适用于不同结构的电子膨胀阀，提高导向套20的适应性。
其中，可将薄壁段22设置成单一的直线段。如此设置，能够方便导向套20的加工成型。也可将薄壁段22设置成单一的锥形段，以尽可能减少对流体的影响；也可将薄壁段22设置为直线段和锥形段组合的形式。
如图9和图10所示，沿薄壁段22至主体段21的方向，薄壁段22的外径逐渐增加。其中，可将薄壁段22设置为阶梯段，也可将薄壁段22段设置为相互连接的锥形段和阶梯段。本实施例中，薄壁段22为一段锥形段，薄壁段22的内径为D1，薄壁段22的远离主体段21的一端的外径为D2，薄壁段22的靠近主体段21的一端的外径为D3。D2与D1之间的差值为0.15mm，D3与D1之间的差值为1.5mm。如此设置，既能够保证薄壁段22的结构强度，也能够减小薄壁段22的远离主体段21的一端与阀针30之间形成的台阶结构的高度差而产生的流体噪音。
如图7和图8所示，电子膨胀阀还包括第一连接管11，第一连接管11设置在阀座10上，第一连接管11与阀腔101连通，且第一连接管11的轴线与阀针30的轴线相垂直。其中，第一连接管11的半径为R，第一端203的端面与第一连接管11的轴线之间的间距在R-0.5mm至R+0.5mm之间。当第一端203的端面与第一连接管11的轴线之间的间距大于R+0.5mm时，薄壁段22的远离主体段21的一端距离阀口102的间距较大，可能出现阀针30抖动幅度较大的现象，进而可能导致电子膨胀阀工作时产生机械噪音；当第一端203的端面与第一连接管 11的轴线之间的间距小于R-0.5mm时，薄壁段22的占据阀腔101的空间过大，可能出现扰流的现象，进而导致电子膨胀阀工作时产生流体噪音。因此上述设置，既能够减少电子膨胀阀工作时的阀针30抖动的机械噪音，也能够减少电子膨胀阀工作时的流体噪音。
具体地，第一端203的端面与第一连接管11的轴线之间的间距为R。如此设置，使得全部的薄壁段22均位于阀腔101内，并承受来自于流体的冲击力，保证阀针30的稳定性。同时，在流体由第一连接管11进入阀腔101时，可以避免流体直接冲击至第一端203上，进而减少由此对流体产生的扰动以及流体噪音。
如图9和图11所示，导向套20具有阶梯设置的第一孔段205和第二孔段206，第一孔段205位于主体段21内，第二孔段206穿设在第一端203的端面和薄壁段22内，第二孔段206用于与阀针30配合导向。具体地，第一孔段205的孔径大于第二孔段206的孔径，如此设置，能够保证阀针30移动以及安装过程的顺畅性，同时也方便向第二孔段206内安装其他的与阀针30配合的部件。
进一步地，第二孔段206的长度在1.5mm至7mm之间，薄壁段22的长度小于6mm。其中，薄壁段22的长度为L1，第二孔段206的长度为L2。第二孔段206的长度可以为1.5mm、4mm或7mm。薄壁段22的长度可以为1mm、3mm或6mm。本实施例中，L1为5mm，L2为6mm。如此设置，既能够保证导向套20与阀针30的配合长度，也能够减少导向套20占据的阀腔101的空间，进而能够从整体上减少电子膨胀阀工作时的阀针抖动的机械噪音和流体噪音。
进一步地，导向套20上设置有倒角，倒角分别位于第二孔段206的两端的内周面上。倒角的设置，能够对阀针30的装配起到导向的作用，方便阀针30的安装。
如图9和图11所示，导向套20还包括固定凸起23，固定凸起23环形设置在主体段21的外侧，固定凸起23靠近主体段21的第一端203设置，固定凸起23与阀座10固定连接。具体地，阀座10上开设有安装孔103，安装孔103与阀腔101连通且与阀口102相对设置，固定凸起23与安装孔103配合，固定凸起23嵌入到安装孔103内与阀座10固定配合。固定凸起23和安装孔103的配合，能够保证导向套20与阀座10之间的接触面积，进而能够保证导向套20与阀座10装配的稳定性。
通过本申请提供的技术方案，薄壁段22的设置，既能够减少导向套20占据的阀腔101的空间，也能够减少导向套20与阀针30之间的形成的台阶结构的高度差，进而能够减少由于导向套20对流体产生扰动而引起的湍流现象，降低电子膨胀阀工作时产生的噪音。
如图12至图14所示，本申请实施例三提供的电子膨胀阀中，阀座10上设置有第一连接口104和第二连接口105，第一连接口104与阀腔101连通，阀座10上还设置有第一过渡孔段106和第二过渡孔段107，其中，第一过渡孔段106、阀口102以及第二过渡孔段107顺次连通，第一过渡孔段106与阀腔101连通，第二过渡孔段107与第二连接口105连通，第二过渡孔段107具有相对设置的第三端和第四端，第三端与阀口102相连且第三端的直径等于阀口102的直径，第二过渡孔段107的直径由第三端至第四端的方向逐渐变大。第一连接口104和第二连接口105分 别与使用环境中的设备连接，流体从第一连接口104流至第二连接口105或从第二连接口105流至第一连接口104。
应用本申请的技术方案，第二过渡孔段107的第三端与阀口102相连且第三端的直径等于阀口102的直径，第二过渡孔段107的直径由第三端至第四端的方向逐渐变大，如此设置，当流体从第一连接口104流至第二连接口105或从第二连接口105流至第一连接口104时，流体经过阀口102和第二过渡孔段107时，流体流经的通道的直径逐渐变化，不会出现突然增大或减小的情况，使流体能够平缓流动，这样能够减少流体产生漩涡的可能性，从而能够减小电子膨胀阀由此产生的噪音。
在本实施例中，第一过渡孔段106的靠近阀口102的一端的直径大于阀口102的直径。如此设置，当流体从第一连接口104流至第二连接口105时，液体会在第一过渡孔段106停留，液态流体里掺杂的气体会溢至阀腔内，从而能够使流体流经阀口102时的噪音减小。
具体地，阀座10上还设置有第三过渡孔段108，第三过渡孔段108位于第一过渡孔段106的远离阀口102的一端，第三过渡孔段108的一端与第一过渡孔段106连通，第三过渡孔段108的另一端与阀腔101连通，第三过渡孔段108的直径沿朝向阀口102的方向逐渐变小。第三过渡孔段108的直径沿朝向阀口102的方向逐渐变小，所以流体从第一过渡孔段106流至第三过渡孔段108或从第三过渡孔段108流至第一过渡孔段106时，流体流经的通道的直径逐渐变化，所以流体流动时不会产生漩涡，从而使流体流动产生的噪声小，进而减小了电子膨胀阀的噪音。
具体地，第一过渡孔段106和阀口102均为圆柱段，第二过渡孔段107和第三过渡孔段108为圆锥段。将第一过渡孔段106和阀口102设置为圆柱段，使阀座10的加工工艺简单。将第二过渡孔段107和第三过渡孔段108设置为圆锥段，使第二过渡孔段107和第三过渡孔段108的直径逐渐缓慢变化，从而进一步降低了流体流经第二过渡孔段107和第三过渡孔段108时产生的噪音。
在本实施例中，第二过渡孔段107为锥形孔，第二过渡孔段107的锥角范围为30度至65度。如此设置，使第二过渡孔段107的直径变化较慢，进一步减小了流体流动的噪声。
具体地，第一过渡孔段106和第三过渡孔段108的长度和的范围为0.5mm至2mm，若第一过渡孔段106和第三过渡孔段108的长度和小于0.5mm，则第一过渡孔段106和第三过渡孔段108不能保存较多的流体，从而不能使流体中的气体较大程度地溢出；若第一过渡孔段106和第三过渡孔段108的长度和大于2mm，则阀座10的整体尺寸较大；因此，将第一过渡孔段106和第三过渡孔段108的长度和的范围设置为0.5mm至2mm，使阀座10的加工工艺简单同时保证了阀座10的整体尺寸较小。如图14所示，第一过渡孔段106的长度为d1，第三过渡孔段108的长度为d2，d1与d2的和可为0.5mm、1mm或2mm。
将阀口102的长度范围设置为0.5mm至2mm，阀口102的长度小于0.5mm时，阀针封堵阀口102时阀针与阀口102的接触面积小从而导致密封效果不好；阀口102的长度大于2mm时，则阀座10的整体尺寸较大；所以将阀口102的长度范围设置为0.5mm至2mm，即保证了电子膨胀阀的密封性，又使阀座10的整体尺寸较小。如图14所示，阀口102的长度为d3，d3可为0.5mm、 1mm或2mm。
将第二过渡孔段107的长度范围设置为0.5mm至3mm，若第二过渡孔段107的长度小于0.5mm，第二过渡孔段107远离阀口102的一端的直径较小，第二过渡孔段107远离阀口102的一端与第二连接管12连接且与第二连接管12的直径相差较大，从而导致流体流动的噪声较大；若第二过渡孔段107的长度大于3mm，则造成阀座10的整体尺寸较大；因此，将第二过渡孔段107的长度范围设置为0.5mm至3mm，即降低了流体的噪声又保证阀座10的整体尺寸较小。如图14所示，第二过渡孔段107的长度为d4，d4可为0.5mm、1mm、2mm或3mm。
具体地，第一过渡孔段106的直径范围为4.5mm至8mm。若第一过渡孔段106的直径小于4.5mm，则液态流体在第一过渡孔段106停留的时间较短，从而使流体中的气体不能较大程度地溢出，若第一过渡孔段106的直径大于8mm，则阀座10的结构尺寸较大，从而使电子膨胀阀的体积较大，因此，第一过渡孔段106的直径范围设置为4.5mm至8mm，即可以保证流体中的气体较大程度地溢出，又能够使阀座10的结构尺寸较小。阀口102的直径范围为1.3mm至3.2mm。若阀口102的直径小于1.3mm，则流体的流速较慢，如果阀口102的直径大于3.2mm，则阀口102与第一过渡孔段106的直径相差较小，流体在第一过渡孔段106停留的时间较短，从而使流体中的气体不能较大程度地溢出，因此，阀口102的直径范围设置为1.3mm至3.2mm，即可以保证流体的流速，又能够使流体中的气体较大程度地溢出。如图14所示，第一过渡孔段106的直径为l1。l1可以为4.5mm、6mm或8mm。阀口102的直径为l2，l2可以为1.3mm、2mm或3.2mm。
具体地，第二连接口105的靠近阀口102的端面具有连接槽109，连接槽109环形设置在第二过渡孔段107的外侧。利用连接槽109来连接第二连接管12，这样能够方便连接第二连接管12与阀座10连接，并且为二者连接提供了连接空间，保证二者的连接稳定性。
采用上述技术方案描述的阀座10的电子膨胀阀具有噪音小、加工工艺简单的优点。
本技术方案中，第二过渡孔段107的第三端与阀口102相连且第三端的直径等于阀口102的直径，第二过渡孔段107的直径由第三端至第四端的方向逐渐变大，如此设置，当流体从第一连接口104流至第二连接口105或从第二连接口105流至第一连接口104时，流体经过阀口102和第二过渡孔段107时，流体流经的通道的直径逐渐变化，不会出现突然增大或减小的情况，使流体能够平缓流动，这样能够减少流体产生漩涡的可能性，从而能够减小电子膨胀阀由此产生的噪音；第一过渡孔段106的靠近阀口102的一端的直径大于阀口102的直径，当流体从第一连接口104流至第二连接口105时，液体会在第一过渡孔段106停留，液态流体里掺杂的气体会溢至阀腔内，从而能够使更多液态流体通过阀口，并使流体流经阀口时的噪音减小；阀座10上还设置有第三过渡孔段108，第三过渡孔段108位于第一过渡孔段106的远离阀口102的一端，第三过渡孔段108的直径沿朝向阀口102的方向逐渐变小，这样流体从第一过渡孔段106流至第三过渡孔段108或从第三过渡孔段108流至第一过渡孔段106时，流体流经的通道的直径逐渐变化，所以流体流动时不会产生漩涡，从而使流体流动产生的噪声小，进而减小了电子膨胀阀的噪音。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
此外，需要说明的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述电子膨胀阀包括：
    阀座(10)，具有阀腔(101)和阀口(102)，所述阀口(102)设置在所述阀腔(101)的端部；
    导向套(20)，固定设置在所述阀座(10)上，所述导向套(20)与所述阀口(102)相对设置，所述导向套(20)具有第一导向孔(201)，所述第一导向孔(201)与所述阀腔(101)连通；
    阀针(30)，可移动地设置在所述导向套(20)内，所述阀针(30)的一端由所述第一导向孔(201)穿出并对应所述阀口(102)设置，所述阀针(30)与所述第一导向孔(201)间隙配合，所述阀针(30)用于控制所述阀口(102)的开启以及闭合，所述阀针(30)在所述第一导向孔(201)内的摆动幅度在0.4°至2.4°之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀针(30)的外侧壁与所述第一导向孔(201)的孔壁之间的间隙在0.0075mm至0.05mm之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第一导向孔(201)的长度在1.5mm至7mm之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀针(30)包括沿轴线方向依次设置的圆柱段(31)和圆锥段(32)，所述圆锥段(32)靠近所述阀口(102)设置，所述阀针(30)具有相对设置的封堵位置和最大开度位置，当所述阀针(30)移动至所述最大开度位置时，所述圆锥段(32)全部位于所述导向套(20)的外侧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，当所述阀针(30)移动至所述最大开度位置时，所述圆柱段(31)的靠近所述圆锥段(32)的端面与所述导向套(20)的靠近所述阀口(102)的一端的端面之间的间距小于1mm。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，当所述阀针(30)移动至所述最大开度位置时，所述圆柱段(31)的靠近所述圆锥段(32)的端面与所述导向套(20)的靠近所述阀口(102)的端面齐平。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第一导向孔(201)的两端的内周面上均设置有倒角。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述导向套(20)上还设置有第二导向孔(202)，所述第二导向孔(202)与所述第一导向孔(201)同轴设置，所述第二导向孔(202)位于所述第一导向孔(201)的远离所述阀腔(101)的一端，且与所述第一导向孔(201)连通，所述第二导向孔(202)的孔径大于所述第一导向孔(201)的孔径，所述电子膨胀阀还包括弹簧套(41)和弹簧(42)，所述弹簧套(41)可移动地设置在所述第二导向孔(202)内，所述阀针(30)的远离所述阀口(102)的一端位于所述弹簧 套(41)内，所述弹簧(42)位于所述弹簧套(41)内，且所述弹簧(42)的一端与所述阀针(30)抵接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述电子膨胀阀还具有安装腔(60)，所述安装腔(60)与所述阀腔(101)连通设置并形成容纳腔，所述安装腔(60)与所述阀口(102)相对设置，所述电子膨胀阀还包括：
    螺杆(71)，可移动地设置在所述容纳腔内，所述螺杆(71)的一端位于所述安装腔(60)内，所述螺杆(71)的另一端位于所述阀腔(101)内；
    轴承(80)，设置在所述弹簧套(41)内，所述轴承(80)包括内圈和外圈，所述螺杆(71)的端部穿设在所述弹簧套(41)内并与所述内圈固定连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀针(30)的外侧壁与所述第一导向孔(201)的孔壁之间的间隙为a1，所述轴承(80)与所述弹簧套(41)之间的间隙为a3，a1小于或等于a3。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述弹簧套(41)与所述导向套(20)之间的间隙为a4，a1小于或等于a4。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述电子膨胀阀还包括垫片(90)，所述垫片(90)设置在所述弹簧套(41)内，所述垫片(90)位于所述弹簧(42)和所述轴承(80)之间，所述垫片(90)的一端与所述弹簧(42)的远离所述阀针(30)的一端抵接，所述垫片(90)的另一端与所述轴承(80)的外圈抵接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述垫片(90)与所述弹簧套(41)之间的间隙为a2，a1小于或等于a2。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述垫片(90)与所述弹簧套(41)之间的间隙a2的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述轴承(80)与所述弹簧套(41)之间的间隙a3的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述弹簧套(41)与所述导向套(20)之间的间隙a4的范围为0.04mm至0.15mm。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述导向套(20)包括沿轴向依次连接的主体段(21)和薄壁段(22)，所述主体段(21)具有相对设置的第一端(203)和第二端(204)，所述薄壁段(22)与所述第一端(203)连接，所述第一端(203)的端面以及所述薄壁段(22)位于所述阀腔(101)内，所述薄壁段(22)的外径小于所述第一端(203)的外径，所述薄壁段(22)的靠近所述主体段(21)的一端的外径大于所述薄壁段(22)的远离所述主体段(21)的一端的外径；所述阀针(30)部分穿过所述导 向套(20)并位于所述阀腔(101)内，所述薄壁段(22)能够对所述阀针(30)进行导向。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述薄壁段(22)的外径与所述薄壁段(22)的内径之间的差值在0.15mm至1.5mm之间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，沿所述薄壁段(22)至所述主体段(21)的方向，所述薄壁段(22)至少包括锥形段和直线段中的一种。
  20. 根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，沿所述薄壁段(22)至所述主体段(21)的方向，所述薄壁段(22)的外径逐渐增加。
  21. 根据权利要求17所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述电子膨胀阀还包括：
    第一连接管(11)，设置在所述阀座(10)上，所述第一连接管(11)与所述阀腔(101)连通，且所述第一连接管(11)的轴线与所述阀针(30)的轴线相垂直；
    其中，所述第一连接管(11)的半径为R，所述第一端(203)的端面与所述第一连接管(11)的轴线之间的间距在R-0.5mm至R+0.5mm之间。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第一端(203)的端面与所述第一连接管(11)的轴线之间的间距为R。
  23. 根据权利要求17所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述导向套(20)具有阶梯设置的第一孔段(205)和第二孔段(206)，所述第一孔段(205)位于所述主体段(21)内，所述第二孔段(206)穿设在所述第一端(203)的端面和所述薄壁段(22)内，所述第二孔段(206)用于与所述阀针(30)配合导向。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第二孔段(206)的长度在1.5mm至7mm之间，所述薄壁段(22)的长度小于6mm。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述导向套(20)上设置有倒角，所述倒角分别位于所述第二孔段(206)的两端的内周面上。
  26. 根据权利要求17所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述导向套(20)还包括固定凸起(23)，所述固定凸起(23)环形设置在所述主体段(21)的外侧，所述固定凸起(23)靠近所述主体段(21)的第一端(203)设置，所述固定凸起(23)与所述阀座(10)固定连接。
  27. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座(10)上设置有第一连接口(104)和第二连接口(105)，所述第一连接口(104)与所述阀腔(101)连通，所述阀座(10)上还设置有第一过渡孔段(106)和第二过渡孔段(107)，其中，第一过渡孔段(106)、阀口(102)以及第二过渡孔段(107)顺次连通，所述第一过渡孔段(106)与所述阀腔(101)连通，所述第二过渡孔段(107)与所述第二连接口(105)连通，所述第二过渡孔段(107)具有相对设置的第三端和第四端，所述第三端与所述阀口(102) 相连且所述第三端的直径等于所述阀口(102)的直径，所述第二过渡孔段(107)的直径由第三端至第四端的方向逐渐变大。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第一过渡孔段(106)的靠近所述阀口(102)的一端的直径大于所述阀口(102)的直径。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座(10)上还设置有第三过渡孔段(108)，所述第三过渡孔段(108)位于所述第一过渡孔段(106)的远离所述阀口(102)的一端，所述第三过渡孔段(108)的一端与所述第一过渡孔段(106)连通，所述第三过渡孔段(108)的另一端与所述阀腔(101)连通，所述第三过渡孔段(108)的直径沿朝向所述阀口(102)的方向逐渐变小。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第一过渡孔段(106)和所述阀口(102)均为圆柱段，所述第二过渡孔段(107)和所述第三过渡孔段(108)为圆锥段。
  31. 根据权利要求27所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第二过渡孔段(107)为锥形孔，所述第二过渡孔段(107)的锥角范围为30度至65度。
  32. 根据权利要求27所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第一过渡孔段(106)和第三过渡孔段(108)的长度之和的范围为0.5mm至2mm，所述阀口(102)的长度范围为0.5mm至2mm，所述第二过渡孔段(107)的长度范围为0.5mm至3mm。
  33. 根据权利要求27所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第一过渡孔段(106)的直径范围为4.5mm至8mm，所述阀口(102)的直径范围为1.3mm至3.2mm。
  34. 根据权利要求27所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述第二连接口(105)的靠近所述阀口(102)的端面具有连接槽(109)，所述连接槽(109)环形设置在所述第二过渡孔段(107)的外侧。
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