WO2023040769A1 - 半芳香族聚醚酯及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

半芳香族聚醚酯及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2023040769A1
WO2023040769A1 PCT/CN2022/118114 CN2022118114W WO2023040769A1 WO 2023040769 A1 WO2023040769 A1 WO 2023040769A1 CN 2022118114 W CN2022118114 W CN 2022118114W WO 2023040769 A1 WO2023040769 A1 WO 2023040769A1
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acid
component
semi
ester
bis
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French (fr)
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张传辉
陈平绪
叶南飚
欧阳春平
麦开锦
董学腾
曾祥斌
卢昌利
蔡彤旻
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ZHUHAI WANGO CHEMICAL CO Ltd
Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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ZHUHAI WANGO CHEMICAL CO Ltd
Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US18/704,463 priority Critical patent/US20240336730A1/en
Priority to EP22869138.2A priority patent/EP4400529A4/en
Publication of WO2023040769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023040769A1/zh
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/66Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
    • C08G63/668Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/672Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78Preparation processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2230/00Compositions for preparing biodegradable polymers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of biodegradable polyester, in particular to a semi-aromatic polyether ester and its preparation method and application, more specifically to a semi-aromatic poly(1,4-butanediol) content Polyether ester and its preparation method and application.
  • thermoplastic aromatic polyesters which are widely used in industry and daily life, have excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties, are easy to process, and are low in price.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • these aromatic polyesters are difficult to degrade after being used and discarded, and no obvious degradation effect of microorganisms on aromatic polyesters such as PET and PBT has been observed so far.
  • thermoplastic polyester elastomer also known as polyester rubber, is a block linear copolymer containing PBT polyester hard segment (crystalline phase, providing strength) and polyether soft segment (continuous segment).
  • the rigidity, polarity and crystallinity of the hard segment of thermoplastic polyester elastomer make it have outstanding strength and good high temperature resistance, creep resistance, solvent resistance and impact resistance; the low vitrification of soft segment polyether Temperature and saturation make it have excellent low temperature resistance and aging resistance. It combines the excellent elasticity of rubber with the ease of processing of thermoplastics. Compared with other thermoplastic elastomers, thermoplastic polyester elastomers have significant advantages in flexural modulus, flexibility, fatigue resistance, temperature resistance, gasoline and solvent resistance.
  • the amount of soft segment polyether usually added is as high as 20-50wt%, so that the melting point of the polymer is lowered, and the heat resistance is lowered.
  • Example 6 of CN106478930A adds poly(1,4-butanediol) with a molar content of poly(1,4-butanediol) repeating units up to 67 mol% (based on diacid molar content of 100 mol%) to the PBT polymerization system , obtained a thermoplastic PBT-poly(1,4-butanediol) elastomer with good flexibility.
  • this thermoplastic polyester elastomer is clearly not biodegradable.
  • CN1170419A discloses an aliphatic-aromatic polyether ester composition, the molar content of polyethylene glycol repeating units is as high as 217-682 mol% (based on diacid molar content of 100 mol%).
  • the viscosity of the polymerization product is low, and the viscosity of the unextended product is only 60-110ml/g, and even the viscosity of the product after chain extension with hexamethylene diisocyanate is only 112ml/g, and the performance is poor.
  • it adopts a laboratory-scale batch polymerization process (gram level), which is difficult to meet the needs of industrial production.
  • Self-adhesive outer packaging films prevent moisture evaporation during storage in the refrigerator, evaporation of moisture, diffusion of odors or tastes during heating in the microwave oven, or absorption of other odors or contamination of dust during storage. Therefore, self-adhesive outer packaging films are widely used to seal food in homes, restaurants and hotels.
  • the main materials of self-adhesive protective film include PP, PE, PET, PVC, etc. Among them, polyethylene self-adhesive film has the characteristics of softness, good toughness, high elongation, easy bending processing and good adhesion. Occupy a larger market share.
  • CN112538321A discloses a degradable self-adhesive film material, which achieves tackifying effect by adding tackifying resin.
  • the tackifying resin is selected from one, two or more of C5 petroleum resins, C9 petroleum resins, rosin resins, terpene resins and alkylphenolic resins.
  • these tackifying resins are non-degradable, which increases the environmental pressure; on the other hand, the existence of these tackifying resins will lead to the possibility of precipitation when they come into contact with food, thus causing food safety problems.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a kind of semi-aromatic polyether ester, because this semi-aromatic polyether ester has the poly(1,4-butanediol) of specific content, make its formation
  • the film has good self-adhesion and low total migration of polyetherester.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned semi-aromatic polyether ester.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide the use of semi-aromatic polyether ester.
  • the present invention provides a semi-aromatic polyetherester comprising repeat units derived from:
  • the first component A based on the total molar weight of the first component A, comprises:
  • Second component B 1,4-butanediol
  • the third component C poly(1,4-butanediol), has the molecular formula HO-(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -O) n -H, wherein n is an integer from 2 to 200, wherein, based on the The total molar weight of one component A, and the molar content of the repeating unit -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -O- in the third component C is 1.5-5.5 mol%.
  • the molar content of the repeating unit -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -O- in the third component C is controlled to 1.5-5.5 mol%, which can make it
  • the formed film has good self-adhesion and low total migration of polyetherester.
  • the self-adhesiveness of the present invention means that the film can adhere to itself at room temperature, and can also adhere to materials such as glass, ceramics, and metals, so that it can be used for frozen and refrigerated packaging of vegetables, fruits, fish, meat, bread, etc. Fresh packaging.
  • Self-adhesiveness can generally be characterized by shear peel strength, refer to GB 10457-2009 Plastic self-adhesive cling film for food 7.8 Self-adhesive (shear peel strength).
  • the component a1) is selected from oxalic acid, dimethyl oxalate, malonic acid, dimethyl malonate, succinic acid, dimethyl succinate, methylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, glutaric acid Dimethyl glutarate, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) glutarate, bis(3-hydroxypropyl) glutarate, bis(4-hydroxybutyl) glutarate, 2-methylglutaric acid Acid, 3-methylglutaric acid, adipic acid, dimethyl adipate, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) adipate, bis(3-hydroxypropyl) adipate, adipate Bis(4-hydroxybutyl) ester, 3-methyladipic acid, 2,2,5,5-tetramethyladipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, dimethyl azelaic acid Esters, sebacic acid, 1,11-undecanedicarboxylic acid, 1,10-decan
  • ester derivatives formed by the above-mentioned aliphatic dicarboxylic acids also belong to the category of component a1), preferably, the ester derivatives of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are selected from dialkyl esters formed by aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, For example dimethyl, diethyl, di-n-propyl, diisopropyl, di-n-butyl, diisobutyl, di-tert-butyl, di-n-pentyl, diisopentyl or di-n-hexyl.
  • the anhydride derivatives formed from the above aliphatic dicarboxylic acids also belong to the category of component a1).
  • the anhydride derivative of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is selected from adipic anhydride and sebacic anhydride.
  • the aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or their ester derivatives or their anhydride derivatives in the present invention may be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
  • the component a2) is selected from terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate, bis(3-hydroxypropyl terephthalate) ) ester, bis (4-hydroxybutyl) terephthalate, isophthalic acid, dimethyl isophthalate, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) isophthalate, bis ( 3-hydroxypropyl) ester, bis(4-hydroxybutyl) isophthalate, 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 2,6-dimethyl phthalate, 2,7-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid , 2,7-dimethyl phthalate, 3,4'-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, 3,4'-dimethyl diphenyl ether dicarboxylate, 4,4'-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, 4 , 4'-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester,
  • the third component C is poly(1,4-butanediol), the molecular formula is HO-(CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -O) n -H, preferably an integer from 2 to 50, more preferably An integer of 2 to 30 is preferable. Also, based on the total molar amount of the first component A, the molar content of the repeating unit -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -O- in the third component C is preferably 2.0-5.0 mol%.
  • the semi-aromatic polyetherester further includes a fourth component D, and the fourth component D contains at least three functional groups, preferably three to six functional groups.
  • the fourth component D contains at least three functional groups, preferably three to six functional groups.
  • the molar content of the fourth component D is 0.01-5.0 mol%, more preferably 0.02-2.0 mol%.
  • the semi-aromatic polyether ester further includes a fifth component E, and the fifth component E is a chain extender.
  • the chain extender is preferably isocyanate, isocyanurate, peroxide, epoxy, oxazoline, oxazine, lactam, carbodiimide or polycarbodiimide containing two or more functional groups. One or more mixtures of imines.
  • the isocyanate containing two or more functional groups may be aromatic isocyanate or aliphatic isocyanate, preferably aromatic diisocyanate or aliphatic diisocyanate.
  • the aromatic diisocyanate is preferably toluene 2,4-diisocyanate, toluene 2,6-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane 2,2'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane 2,4'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane Benzene 4,4'-diisocyanate, naphthalene 1,5-diisocyanate or xylene diisocyanate.
  • the aromatic diisocyanate is diphenylmethane 2,2'-diisocyanate, diphenylmethane 2,4'-diisocyanate or diphenylmethane 4,4'-diisocyanate.
  • the aliphatic diisocyanate is a linear or branched alkylene diisocyanate or cycloalkylene diisocyanate containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms. More preferred are linear or branched alkylene diisocyanates or cycloalkylene diisocyanates having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the aliphatic diisocyanate may be hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or methylene bis(4-isocyanatocyclohexane). Most preferred is hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate.
  • the isocyanate containing 2 or more functional groups may also be tris(4-isocyanato-phenyl)methane with three rings.
  • the isocyanurate containing 2 or more functional groups is an aliphatic isocyanurate derived from an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 12 carbon atoms Diisocyanates or cycloalkylene diisocyanates, such as isophorone diisocyanate or methylene bis(4-isocyanatocyclohexane).
  • the alkylene diisocyanate may be a linear or branched compound. Particular preference is given to isocyanurates based on n-hexamethylene diisocyanate, such as cyclic trimers, pentamers or higher oligomers of hexamethylene 1,6-diisocyanate.
  • the peroxide containing two or more functional groups is selected from benzoyl peroxide, 1,1-bis(tert-butyl peroxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclo Hexane, 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)methylcyclododecane, n-butyl 4,4-bis(butylperoxy)valerate, dicumyl peroxide, benzene peroxide tert-butyl formate, dibutyl peroxide, ⁇ , ⁇ -di(tert-butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy) ) hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hex-3-yne and cumene tert-butylperoxide.
  • benzoyl peroxide 1,1-bis(tert-butyl peroxy)-3,3,
  • the epoxide containing 2 or more functional groups is selected from hydroquinone, diglycidyl ether, resorcinol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether and hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, diglycidyl terephthalate, diglycidyl tetrahydrophthalate, diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, di-phthalate Methyl diglycidyl ester, phenylene diglycidyl ether, ethylene diglycidyl ether, trimethylene diglycidyl ether, tetramethylene diglycidyl ether, hexamethylene di Glycidyl ether, sorbitol diglycidyl ether, polyglycerol polyglycidyl ether, pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether, diglycerol polyglycidyl ether, gly
  • the epoxy containing 2 or more functional groups is also preferably a copolymer based on styrene, acrylate and/or methacrylate and containing epoxy groups, and the epoxy groups are preferably methacrylic acid shrinkage Glycerides.
  • Compounds which have proven advantageous are copolymers in which the proportion of glycidyl methacrylate in the copolymer is higher than 20% by weight, preferably higher than 30% by weight, more preferably higher than 50% by weight.
  • the epoxy equivalent weight in these copolymers is preferably 150 to 3000 g/equivalent, more preferably 200 to 500 g/equivalent.
  • the weight average molecular weight Mw of the copolymer is preferably 2,000 to 25,000, more preferably 3,000 to 8,000.
  • the number average molecular weight Mn of the copolymer is preferably 400 to 6000, more preferably 1000 to 4000.
  • the bisoxazoline is selected from 2,2'-bis(2-oxazoline), bis(2-oxazolinyl)methane, 1,2-bis(2-oxazolinyl)ethane alkane, 1,3-bis(2-oxazolinyl)propane, 1,4-bis(2-oxazolinyl)butane, 2,2'-bis(2-oxazoline), 2,2 '-bis(4-methyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(4,4'-dimethyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(4-ethyl -2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(4,4'-diethyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(4-propyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(4-butyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(4-hexyl-2-oxazoline), 2,2'-bis(4-phenyl-2 -o
  • dioxazine is 2,2'-bis(2-dioxazine), bis(2-dioxazinyl)methane, 1,2-bis(2-dioxazinyl)ethane, 1, 3-bis(2-dioxazinyl)propane, 1,4-bis(2-dioxazinyl)butane, 1,4-bis(2-dioxazinyl)benzene, 1,2-bis( 2-dioxazinyl)benzene or 1,3-bis(2-dioxazinyl)benzene.
  • it is 1,4-bis(2-oxazolinyl)benzene, 1,2-bis(2-oxazolinyl)benzene or 1,3-bis(2-oxazolinyl)benzene.
  • the carbodiimide or polycarbodiimide having two or more functional groups is preferably N, N'-di-2,6-diisopropylphenylcarbodiimide, N, N'- Di-o-tolylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diphenylcarbodiimide, N,N'-dioctyldecylcarbodiimide, N,N'-di-2,6- Dimethylphenylcarbodiimide, N-tolyl-N'-cyclohexylcarbodiimide, N,N'-di-2,6-di-tert-butylphenylcarbodiimide, N- Tolyl-N'-phenylcarbodiimide, N,N'-di-p-nitrophenylcarbodiimide, N,N'-di-p-aminophenylcarbodiimide, N,N' -Di-p-hydroxyphenylcarbodi
  • the content of the fifth component E is 0.01-5.0 mol% based on the total molar weight of the first component A.
  • the viscosity number of the semi-aromatic polyether ester measured in a phenol/o-dichlorobenzene solution with a weight ratio of 1:1 in a constant temperature water bath at 25 ⁇ 0.05°C is 100-350ml/g.
  • the carboxyl content of the semi-aromatic polyether ester is 5-60 mmol/kg, more preferably 10-50 mmol/kg.
  • the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned semi-aromatic polyether ester, and this method comprises the steps:
  • step S2 The esterification product AB obtained in step S1 is subjected to a primary polycondensation reaction under the action of the remaining catalyst, the reaction temperature is 230-270°C, until the reaction product reaches the phenol with a weight ratio of 1:1 specified in GB/T 17931-1999 In o-dichlorobenzene solution, the viscosity measured in a constant temperature water bath at 25 ⁇ 0.05°C is 20-60ml/g;
  • step S3 Transfer the product of the primary polycondensation reaction obtained in step S2 to the final polymerization tank, and continue the polycondensation reaction at a temperature of 220 to 270 ° C until the reaction product reaches the phenol/o
  • the viscosity measured in a constant temperature water bath at 25 ⁇ 0.05°C is 100-250ml/g, and the carboxyl group content in the reaction product is 5-60mmol/kg, and the semi-aromatic polyether ester is obtained.
  • the molar amount of the second component B is generally 1.1-3.0 times that of the first component A.
  • step S1 when preparing the AB esterified product, the catalyst is added in an amount of 0.001-1%, preferably 0.02-0.2%, of the weight of the final semi-aromatic polyether ester. Controlling the amount of catalyst added can make the subsequent processing more stable.
  • the amount of catalyst added in step S1 is usually 50-80wt% of the total amount of catalyst used.
  • the catalyst may be a tin compound, an antimony compound, a cobalt compound, a lead compound, a zinc compound, an aluminum compound or a titanium compound, more preferably a zinc compound, an aluminum compound or a titanium compound, and most preferably a titanium compound.
  • titanium compounds such as tetrabutyl orthotitanate or tetraisopropyl orthotitanate, over other compounds is that the residues in the product or downstream products are less toxic. This property is especially important in biodegradable polyesters as they go directly into the environment in the form of compostable bags or mulch films.
  • step S2 if necessary, the remaining amount of catalyst can be added in step S2.
  • the reaction temperature is more preferably 240-260°C.
  • step S2 the pressure at the beginning is usually set to 0.1 to 0.5 bar, preferably 0.2 to 0.4 bar, and the pressure at the end of step S2 is usually set to 5 to 200 mbar, more preferably 10 to 100 mbar.
  • step S2 the general reaction time is 1 to 5 hours. Under normal circumstances, after this reaction time, GB/T17931-1999 can produce Prepolyether ester with a viscosity of 20-60ml/g measured in a constant temperature water bath at 25 ⁇ 0.05°C.
  • the carboxyl group content of the prepolyether ester after the reaction in step S2 is generally 10-60 mmol/kg.
  • a passivating agent can be added to the reaction system.
  • Useful passivators are usually phosphorus compounds, including phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid and their esters.
  • a passivating agent is usually added in step S3.
  • the reaction temperature of the continuous polycondensation is preferably 230 to 270°C.
  • the initial pressure is usually controlled to be 0.2 to 5 mbar, more preferably 0.5 to 3 mbar.
  • the reaction time of the continuous polycondensation is preferably 30 to 120 minutes, more preferably 50 to 100 minutes.
  • the preferred carboxyl group content of the semi-aromatic polyether ester after the reaction in step S3 is 10-50 mmol/kg.
  • step S3 the semi-aromatic polyether ester obtained in step S3 is added in the twin-screw extruder, together with the chain extender (based on the total moles of the first component A) in an amount of 0.01-5.0mol% amount), using a residence time of 0.5 to 15 minutes at a reaction temperature of 200 to 270 ° C to obtain a semi-aromatic polyether ester, which is phenol/ortho di In chlorobenzene solution, the viscosity measured in a constant temperature water bath at 25 ⁇ 0.05°C is 150-350ml/g.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned semi-aromatic polyether ester in the preparation of compostable degradation products, and the compostable degradation products may be fibers, films or containers.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned semi-aromatic polyether ester in the preparation of food preservation film.
  • Semi-aromatic polyester can be blended and modified with polylactic acid (PLA) as a material for food preservation film. Since food preservation film is in contact with liquid, it is required to have certain hydrolysis resistance, but considering that it can be degraded requirements, the hydrolysis resistance should not be too high, otherwise the degradation cycle will be too long. According to practical application, use the test of 30-day weight retention rate to evaluate its degradation performance. The 30-day weight retention rate is generally in the range of 50-60%, and within this range, the higher the value, the better.
  • the present invention also provides a molding composition of semi-aromatic polyether ester, which comprises the following components by weight ratio:
  • said additives and/or other polymers may be at least one or more selected from the group consisting of aliphatic polyesters, polycaprolactone, starch, cellulose, polyhydroxyalkanoates and polylactic acid components.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the invention provides a semi-aromatic polyether ester and its preparation method and application.
  • the repeating unit -CH in the third component C poly(1,4-butanediol)
  • the molar content of 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -O- is controlled at 1.5-5.5 mol%, which can make the film formed by it have good self-adhesiveness and low total migration of polyether ester.
  • Fig. 1 is that semi-aromatic polyether ester is dissolved in 0.6ml deuterated chloroform and adopts Bruker company AV 500 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer to measure the 1H NMR spectrum that obtains;
  • Fig. 2 is the hydrogen spectrum of the semiaromatic polyether ester gained in embodiment 5 and the assignment of each key peak;
  • Fig. 3 is the typical hydrogen spectrum of semi-aromatic polyether ester obtained in Example 2 and the assignment of each key peak.
  • poly(1,4-butanediol) in Examples and Comparative Examples was purchased from BASF, 1,4-butanediol, terephthalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, glycerin, tetrabutyl orthotitanate , phosphorous acid and other raw materials are commercially available.
  • polyadipic acid/terephthalic acid obtained by reacting terephthalic acid, adipic acid and 1,4-butanediol butylene glycol ester (PBAT) as an example
  • I 1 and I 1' are the integrated areas of the hydrogen atom peaks on -CH 2 - on the repeating unit of the dimeric (1,4-butanediol) adjacent to terephthalic acid;
  • I 2 and I 2' are the integrated area of the hydrogen atom peak on -CH 2 - on the repeating unit of dimerization (1,4-butanediol) adjacent to adipic acid;
  • IT is the integral area of 4 hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring of the terephthalic acid repeating unit
  • IA is the integrated area of the 4 hydrogen atoms on the 2 -CH 2 - of the adipic acid repeating unit connected to the carbonyl group;
  • the molar content of the repeating unit -CH2CH2CH2CH2 - O- in the third component C poly( 1,4- butanediol) based on the total molar amount of the first component A (diacid) X C It can be calculated by the following formula:
  • I 1 and I 1' are the integrated areas of the hydrogen atom peaks on -CH 2 - linked to the ether bond oxygen atom on the poly(1,4-butanediol) repeating unit adjacent to terephthalic acid;
  • I 2 and I 2' are the integrated areas of the hydrogen atom peaks on -CH 2 - on the poly(1,4-butanediol) repeating unit adjacent to adipic acid, which is connected to the oxygen atom of the ether bond;
  • I 3 is the integrated area of the hydrogen atom peak on -CH 2 -on the poly(1,4-butanediol) repeating unit that is not adjacent to terephthalic acid and adipic acid, which is connected to the ether bond oxygen atom;
  • IT is the integral area of 4 hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring of the terephthalic acid repeating unit
  • I A is the integrated area of the 4 hydrogen atoms on the 2 -CH 2 - of the adipic acid repeating unit connected to the carbonyl group;
  • I 1 and I 1' can also reflect the proportion of repeating units of terephthalic acid
  • I 2 and I 2' can also reflect the proportion of repeating units of adipic acid
  • Formula (6) is based on the total molar weight of the first component A (diacid), when n ⁇ 3, the third component C poly(1,4-butanediol) HO-(CH 2 CH 2 CH
  • the solvent mixture used included 1 part by volume of DMSO, 8 parts by volume of isopropanol, and 7 parts by volume of toluene, with a solvent volume of 100 ml. Take 3-6g of semi-aromatic polyether ester and heat it to 70°C to dissolve all the polymers into a clear solution. During the titration process, keep the solution temperature at 60-70°C to avoid polymer precipitation.
  • the titration solution is tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, avoiding the use of highly toxic tetramethylammonium hydroxide.
  • the blank solvent in order to prevent the mixed solvent from absorbing CO2 in the air and thus affecting the volume of the titration solution consumed by the blank solvent, when testing the volume of the titration solution consumed by the blank solvent, the blank solvent should be heated to 70°C and kept at a constant temperature for 0.5h, and then the blank solvent should be depleted. Titration.
  • the biodegradation experiment of semi-aromatic polyether ester refers to GB/T 19277-2003 test.
  • the compost soil is urban waste compost after aeration and sieving for 56-70 days. , wash and dry the sample and then weigh it. At this time, the weight of the sample is recorded as a 1 .
  • the 30-day weight retention rate a 1 /a 0 ⁇ 100%.
  • the 30-day weight retention rate is generally in the range of 50-60%, and within this range, the higher the value, the better. If the 30-day weight retention rate exceeds 65%, the degradation performance is too poor; if it is lower than 45%, the degradation is too rapid.
  • the diameter of the screw is 55 mm
  • the aspect ratio is 30:1
  • the screw speed is set at 30 r/min for extrusion
  • the melt temperature is 145°C.
  • the inflation ratio is 3.5.
  • the film specification is 550 mm in width and 50 ⁇ m in thickness.
  • the total migration amount should meet the requirement that the total migration amount should not exceed 10 mg/dm 2 according to the GB 4806.7-2016 national food safety standard for food contact plastic materials and products.
  • Comparative Example 3 the content of terephthalic acid was too high, and the degradation performance of the resin was poor; in Comparative Example 4, the content of terephthalic acid was too low, and the resin degraded too quickly.
  • the total migration of the semi-aromatic polyether ester of Example 2 after blown film was tested was 2.5 mg/dm 2 .
  • the shear peel strength of the self-adhesive modified material was 0.59 N/cm 2 and the total migration was 16 mg/dm 2 in a test after blown film.
  • Comparative Example 5 uses the traditional method of adding tackifying resin to improve self-adhesiveness. Although its shear peel strength is high, the total migration amount exceeds the total amount stipulated in GB 4806.7-2016 National Food Safety Standard Food Contact Plastic Materials and Products. The migration amount does not exceed the requirement of 10mg/ dm2 ;
  • Example 9 uses poly(1,4-butylene glycol) copolymerized semi-aromatic polyether ester, the total migration amount is very low, and meets the food contact requirements.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种半芳香族聚醚酯及其制备方法和应用,所述半芳香族聚醚酯包括衍生自下述组分的重复单元:第一组分A,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,包括:a1)35至65mol%,优选40-60mol%的至少一种脂肪族二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物,a2)35至65mol%,优选40-60mol%的至少一种芳香族二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物,第二组分B,1,4-丁二醇,第三组分C,聚(1,4-丁二醇),分子式为HO-(CH2CH2CH2CH2-O)n-H,其中n为2至200的整数,其中,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,第三组分C中重复单元-CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-的摩尔含量为1.5-5.5mol%

Description

半芳香族聚醚酯及其制备方法和应用 技术领域
本发明属于可生物降解聚酯技术领域,具体涉及一种半芳香族聚醚酯及其制备方法和应用,更具体涉及一种具有特定聚(1,4-丁二醇)含量的半芳香族聚醚酯及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
目前广泛应用于工业及日常生活中的热塑性芳香族聚酯有着优良的热稳定性能和力学性能,便于加工,价格低廉。例如,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚对苯二甲酸1,4-丁二醇酯(PBT),已广泛应用于纤维、膜和容器的制造中。然而,这些芳香族聚酯在使用废弃后难以降解,至今也没有观察到微生物对芳香族聚酯如PET、PBT有任何明显的降解作用。为了兼顾芳香族聚酯的优良性能,20世纪80年代以来,本领域技术人员致力于合成脂肪-芳香族共聚酯的研究,即在脂肪族聚酯中引入芳香链段,既保证了该共聚酯具有芳香族聚酯的优良性能,又保证了该共聚酯的可生物降解性。
热塑性聚酯弹性体(TPEE)又称聚酯橡胶,是一类含有PBT聚酯硬段(结晶相,提供强度)和聚醚软段(连续段)的嵌段线型共聚物。热塑性聚酯弹性体硬段的刚性、极性和结晶性使其具有突出的强度和较好的耐高温性、耐蠕变性、抗溶剂性及抗冲性;软段聚醚的低玻璃化温度和饱和性使其具有优良的耐低温性和抗老化性。它兼具橡胶优良的弹性和热塑性塑料的易加工性。与其他热塑性弹性体相比,热塑性聚酯弹性体的弯曲模量、柔韧疲劳性、耐温性、耐汽油和溶剂性等性能有显著的优势。但为了实现上述效果,通常软段聚醚的添加量高达20-50wt%以上,使得聚合物熔点降低,耐热性下降。例如,CN106478930A的实施例6添加聚(1,4-丁二醇)重复单元摩尔含量最高达67mol%(基于二酸摩尔含量100mol%)的聚(1,4-丁二醇)至PBT聚合体系,得到了柔韧性能好的热塑性PBT-聚(1,4-丁二醇)弹性体。但由于缺少脂肪族二酸,这种热塑性聚酯弹性体显然不具备生物降解性能。
CN1170419A公开了脂族-芳香族聚醚酯组合物,其添加聚乙二醇重复单元的摩尔含量高达217-682mol%(基于二酸摩尔含量100mol%)。另外,其聚合产物粘数偏低,未扩链产品粘数仅为60-110ml/g,甚至在使用六亚甲基二异氰酸酯扩链后产品粘数仅为112ml/g,性能较差。并且,其采用实验室规模的间歇聚合工艺(克级),难以满足工业化生产需求。
自粘性外包装薄膜能够防止食品在冰箱中储存期间水分的蒸发,在微波炉中加热期间水分的蒸发、气味或味道的扩散,或在储存当中吸收其它气味或沾染灰尘。因此,自粘性外包装薄膜大量应 用于家庭、餐馆和酒店中密封食品。自粘型保护膜的主要材质包括PP、PE、PET、PVC等,其中聚乙烯自粘膜具有柔软、韧性好、伸长率大、易于弯折加工和贴附性好等特点,在保护膜中占有较大市场份额。现全球每年自粘型保护膜用量约几百万吨,但包括PE在内的市场上所有现存的自粘型保护膜均是不可降解的高分子材料,相比于普通塑料,塑料保护膜的材质更薄,形状不固定,很少会重复使用,难以做到循环利用。塑料保护膜的大量使用以及缺乏后续处理,导致保护膜的浪费和污染日益严重,保护膜已经在扮演着环境杀手的角色。
CN112538321A公开了一种可降解自粘膜材料,其通过添加增粘树脂实现增粘效果。所述的增粘树脂选自C5石油树脂、C9石油树脂、松香树脂、萜烯树脂和烷基酚醛树脂中的一种、两种或更多种。一方面,这些增粘树脂不可降解,增加了环境压力,另一方面,这些增粘树脂的存在会导致同食品接触时析出的可能,从而造成食品安全问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种半芳香族聚醚酯,该半芳香族聚醚酯因其具有特定含量的聚(1,4-丁二醇),使得其形成的薄膜具有良好的自粘性和低的聚醚酯总迁移量。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述半芳香族聚醚酯的制备方法。
本发明的再一个目的在于提供半芳香族聚醚酯的用途。
本发明的上述目的通过如下技术方案予以实现:
一方面,本发明提供一种半芳香族聚醚酯,其包括衍生自下述组分的重复单元:
第一组分A,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,包括:
a1)35至65mol%,优选40-60mol%的至少一种脂肪族二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物,
a2)35至65mol%,优选40-60mol%的至少一种芳香族二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物,
第二组分B,1,4-丁二醇,
第三组分C,聚(1,4-丁二醇),分子式为HO-(CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O) n-H,其中n为2至200的整数,其中,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,第三组分C中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量为1.5-5.5mol%。
本发明中,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,将第三组分C中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量控制为1.5-5.5mol%,可使得其形成的薄膜具有良好的自粘性和低的聚醚酯总迁移量。
本发明所述的自粘性是指该薄膜在室温下能自身黏附,同时也可与玻璃、陶瓷、金属等材料黏附,从而用于蔬菜、水果、鱼、肉、面包等食品冷冻、冷藏包装的保鲜包装。自粘性一般可使用剪切剥离强度表征,参考GB 10457-2009食品用塑料自粘保鲜膜7.8自粘性(剪切剥离强度)。
本发明中,所述组分a1)选自草酸、草酸二甲酯、丙二酸、丙二酸二甲酯、琥珀酸、琥珀酸二甲酯、甲基琥珀酸、戊二酸、戊二酸二甲酯、戊二酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、戊二酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、戊二酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、2-甲基戊二酸、3-甲基戊二酸、己二酸、己二酸二甲酯、己二酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、己二酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、己二酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、3-甲基己二酸、2,2,5,5-四甲基己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、壬二酸二甲酯、癸二酸、1,11-十一烷二羧酸、1,10-癸烷二羧酸、十一烷二酸、1,12-十二烷二羧酸、十六烷二酸、二十烷二酸、二十四烷二酸、二聚酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或多种,优选选自琥珀酸、己二酸、癸二酸、1,12-十二烷二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或多种,更优选为己二酸、癸二酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或两种,最优选为己二酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物。
同时,上述脂肪族二羧酸形成的酯衍生物也属于组分a1)的范畴,优选地,所述脂肪族二羧酸的酯衍生物选自脂肪族二羧酸形成的二烷基酯,例如二甲酯、二乙酯、二正丙酯、二异丙酯、二正丁酯、二异丁酯、二叔丁酯、二正戊酯、二异戊酯或二正己酯。
同时,上述脂肪族二羧酸形成的酸酐衍生物也属于组分a1)的范畴。优选地,所述脂肪族二羧酸的酸酐衍生物选自己二酸酐、癸二酸酐。
本发明中所述脂肪族二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物可以单独使用或以两种或更多种的混合物形式使用。
本发明中,所述组分a2)选自对苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸二甲酯、对苯二甲酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、对苯二甲酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、对苯二甲酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、间苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、间苯二甲酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、间苯二甲酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、间苯二甲酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、2,6-萘二羧酸、2,6-苯二甲酸二甲酯、2,7-萘二羧酸、2,7-苯二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-二苯醚二羧酸、3,4′二苯醚二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-二苯醚二羧酸、4,4′-二苯醚二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-苯硫醚二羧酸、3, 4′-苯硫醚二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-二苯硫醚二羧酸、4,4′-苯硫醚二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-二苯砜二羧酸、3,4′-二苯砜二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-二苯砜二羧酸、4,4′-二苯砜二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-苯甲酮二羧酸、3,4’-苯甲酮二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-苯甲酮二羧酸、4,4′-苯甲酮二甲酸二甲酯、1,4-萘二羧酸、1,4-萘二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-亚甲基双(苯甲酸)、4,4′-亚甲基双(苯甲酸二甲酯)或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或多种,优选为对苯二甲酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物。
本发明中,所述第三组分C聚(1,4-丁二醇),分子式为HO-(CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O) n-H,优选2至50的整数,更优选2至30的整数。并且,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,第三组分C中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量优选2.0-5.0mol%。
在一个示例性的实施方案中,所述半芳香族聚醚酯还包括第四组分D,所述第四组分D含有至少三个官能团,优选含有三至六个官能团。优选选自:酒石酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、三羟甲基丙烷、三羟甲基乙烷、季戊四醇、聚醚三醇、甘油、1,3,5-苯三酸、1,2,4-苯三酸、1,2,4-苯三酸酐、1,2,4,5-苯四酸和苯均四酸二酐中的一种或多种,更优选为三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇或甘油。
优选地,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,所述第四组分D的摩尔含量为0.01-5.0mol%,进一步优选为0.02-2.0mol%。
在一个示例性的实施方案中,所述半芳香族聚醚酯还包括第五组分E,所述第五组分E为扩链剂。所述扩链剂优选为含有2个或2个以上官能团的异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯、过氧化物、环氧化物、噁唑啉、噁嗪、内酰胺、碳二亚胺或聚碳二亚胺中的一种或几种混合。
所述含有2个或2个以上官能团的异氰酸酯可以是芳香族异氰酸酯或脂肪族异氰酸酯,优选为芳香族二异氰酸酯或脂肪族二异氰酸酯。优选地,所述芳香族二异氰酸酯优选为甲苯2,4-二异氰酸酯、甲苯2,6-二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷2,2’-二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷2,4’-二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷4,4’-二异氰酸酯、萘1,5-二异氰酸酯或二甲苯二异氰酸酯。
更优选地,所述芳香族二异氰酸酯为二苯甲烷2,2’-二异氰酸酯、二苯甲烷2,4’-二异氰酸酯或二苯甲烷4,4’-二异氰酸酯。
优选地,所述脂肪族二异氰酸酯为含2至20个碳原子的直链或支链的亚烷基二异氰酸酯或亚环烷基二异氰酸酯。更优选为含3至12个碳原子的直链或支链的亚烷基二异氰酸酯或亚环烷基二异氰酸酯。所述脂肪族二异氰酸酯可以是六亚甲基1,6-二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或亚甲基二(4-异氰酸根合环己烷)。最优选为六亚甲基1,6-二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯。
所述含有2个或2个以上官能团的异氰酸酯还可以是带有三个环的三(4-异氰酸根合-苯基)甲烷。
优选地,所述含有2个或2个以上官能团的异氰脲酸酯为脂肪族异氰脲酸酯,其源自具有2至20个碳原子、优选3至12个碳原子的亚烷基二异氰酸酯或亚环烷基二异氰酸酯,如异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或亚甲基二(4-异氰酸根合环己烷)。所述亚烷基二异氰酸酯可以为直链或支链的化合物。尤其优选基于n-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯如六亚甲基1,6-二异氰酸酯的环状三聚体、五聚体或更高的低聚物的异氰脲酸酯。
优选地,所述含有2个或2个以上官能团的过氧化物选自苯甲酰过氧化物、1,1-二(叔丁基过氧基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、1,1-二(叔丁基过氧基)甲基环十二烷、4,4-二(丁基过氧基)戊酸正丁酯、过氧化二枯基、过氧苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化二丁基、α,α-二(叔丁基过氧基)二异丙基苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧基)己烷、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧基)己-3-炔和叔丁基过氧化枯烯。
优选地,所述含有2个或2个以上官能团的环氧化物选自氢醌、二缩水甘油基醚、间苯二酚二缩水甘油基醚、1,6-己二醇二缩水甘油基醚和氢化双酚A二缩水甘油基醚、对苯二甲酸二缩水甘油基酯、四氢邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油基酯、六氢邻苯二甲酸二缩水甘油基酯、邻苯二甲酸二甲基二缩水甘油基酯、亚苯基二缩水甘油基醚、亚乙基二缩水甘油基醚、三亚甲基二缩水甘油基醚、四亚甲基二缩水甘油基醚、六亚甲基二缩水甘油基醚、山梨糖醇二缩水甘油基醚、聚甘油聚缩水甘油基醚、季戊四醇聚缩水甘油基醚、二甘油聚缩水甘油基醚、甘油聚缩水甘油基醚、三羟甲基丙烷聚缩水甘油基醚、间苯二酚二缩水甘油基醚、新戊二醇二缩水甘油基醚、乙二醇二缩水甘油基醚、二甘醇二缩水甘油基醚、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油基醚、丙二醇二缩水甘油基醚、双丙甘醇二缩水甘油基醚、聚丙二醇二缩水甘油基醚和聚1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油基醚。
所述含有2个或2个以上官能团的环氧化物还优选为基于苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯和/或甲基丙烯酸酯并包含环氧基的共聚物,所述环氧基优选为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯。已证明有利的化合物为共聚物中甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的比例高于20重量%、优选高于30重量%、更优选高于50重量%的共聚物。这些共聚物中环氧当量重量优选为150至3000g/当量,更优选为200至500g/当量。共聚物的重均分子量Mw优选为2000至25000,更优选为3000至8000。共聚物的数均分子量Mn优选为400至6000,更优选为1000至4000。多分散性指数(Q=Mw/Mn)优选为1.5至5。
所述具有2个或2个以上官能团的噁唑啉、噁嗪优选为二噁唑啉或二噁嗪,其桥连部分为单键,(CH2)z-亚烷基,其中z=2、3或4,如亚甲基、乙-1,2-二基、丙-1,3-二基、丙-1,2-二基或亚苯基。具体地,所述二噁唑啉选自2,2’-二(2-噁唑啉)、二(2-噁唑啉基)甲烷、1,2-二(2-噁唑啉基)乙烷、1,3-二(2-噁唑啉基)丙烷、1,4-二(2-噁唑啉基)丁烷、2,2’-二(2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4,4′-二甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4-乙基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4,4’-二乙基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4-丙基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4-丁基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2′-二(4-己基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4-苯基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2′-二(4-环己基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-二(4-苯甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-对-亚苯基二(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-对-亚苯基二(4,4’-二甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-间-亚苯基二(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-间-亚苯基二(4,4’-二甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-六亚甲基二(2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-八亚甲基二(2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-十亚甲基二(2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-亚乙基二(4-甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-四亚甲基二(4,4′-二甲基-2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-9,9’-二苯氧基乙烷二(2-噁唑啉)、2,2’-亚环己基二(2-噁唑啉)和2,2’-二亚苯基(2-噁唑啉)。
具体地,二噁嗪为2,2′-二(2-二噁嗪)、二(2-二噁嗪基)甲烷、1,2-二(2-二噁嗪基)乙烷、1,3-二(2-二噁嗪基)丙烷、1,4-二(2-二噁嗪基)丁烷、1,4-二(2-二噁嗪基)苯、1,2-二(2-二噁嗪基)苯或1,3-二(2-二噁嗪基)苯。
更优选为1,4-二(2-噁唑啉基)苯、1,2-二(2-噁唑啉基)苯或1,3-二(2-噁唑啉基)苯。
所述具有2个或2个以上官能团的碳二亚胺或聚碳二亚胺优选为N,N′-二-2,6-二异丙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-邻-甲苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二辛基癸基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2,6-二甲基苯基碳二亚胺、N-甲苯基-N′-环己基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2,6-二-叔丁基苯基碳二 亚胺、N-甲苯基-N′-苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-对硝基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-对氨基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-对羟基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二环己基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-对甲苯基碳二亚胺、对-亚苯基双二-邻甲苯基碳二亚胺、对-亚苯基双二环己基碳二亚胺、六亚甲基双二环己基碳二亚胺、4,4′-二环己基甲烷碳二亚胺、亚乙基双二苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-苯甲基-碳二亚胺、N-十八烷基-N′-苯基碳二亚胺、N-苄基-N′-苯基碳二亚胺、N-十八烷基-N′-甲苯基碳二亚胺、N-环己基-N′-甲苯基碳二亚胺、N-苯基-N′-甲苯基碳二亚胺、N-苄基-N′-甲苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-邻乙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-对-乙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-邻异丙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-对异丙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-邻异丁基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-对异丁基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2,6-二乙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2-乙基-6-异丙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2-异丁基-6-异丙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2,4,6-三甲基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2,4,6-三异丙基苯基碳二亚胺、N,N′-二-2,4,6-三异丁基苯基碳二亚胺、二异丙基碳二亚胺、二甲基碳二亚胺、二异丁基碳二亚胺、二辛基碳二亚胺、叔-丁基异丙基碳二亚胺、二-β-萘基碳二亚胺或二-叔-丁基碳二亚胺。
优选地,所述第五组分E的含量为基于第一组分A的总摩尔量的0.01~5.0mol%。
优选地,所述半芳香族聚醚酯根据GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数为100-350ml/g。
优选地,所述半芳香族聚醚酯羧基含量为5-60mmol/kg,进一步优选为10-50mmol/kg。
另一方面,本发明还提供一种上述半芳香族聚醚酯的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
S1:将第一组分A、第二组分B、第三组分C和部分催化剂(如有必要,第四组分D也一起加入)混合后,于酯化反应器中加热到150-280℃酯化反应1-2h,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将步骤S1中得到的酯化产物AB在剩余催化剂作用下进行初级缩聚反应,反应温度为230-270℃,直至反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数为20-60ml/g;
S3:将步骤S2所得初级缩聚反应的产物转移至终聚釜内,在220至270℃温度下连续缩聚反应至反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数100-250ml/g,且所述反应产物中羧基含量为5~60mmol/kg,即得半芳香族聚醚酯。
优选地,在步骤S1中,第二组分B的摩尔用量通常为第一组分A的1.1-3.0倍。
优选地,在步骤S1中,在制备AB酯化产物时,催化剂的添加量为最终半芳香族聚醚酯重量的0.001~1%,优选为0.02~0.2%。控制催化剂的加入量,可以使后续加工过程更稳定。步骤S1中催化剂的加入量通常为催化剂总用量的50-80wt%。
进一步优选地,所述催化剂可以是锡化合物、锑化合物、钴化合物、铅化合物、锌化合物、铝化合物或钛化合物,更优选为锌化合物、铝化合物或钛化合物,最优选为钛化合物。钛化合物例如原钛酸四丁基酯或原钛酸四异丙基酯,相对于其他化合物的优势是残留在产品或下游产品中的残留量的毒性小。这种性质在可生物降解聚酯中尤为重要,因为它们会以堆肥袋或覆盖膜的形式直接进入环境中。
在步骤S2中,如果有必要,可以把剩余量的催化剂在步骤S2中加入。在步骤S2中,反应温度更优选为240~260℃。
在步骤S2中,开始时的压力通常设定为0.1至0.5bar,优选为0.2至0.4bar,步骤S2结束时的压力通常设定为5至200mbar,更优选为10至100mbar。
在步骤S2中,一般反应的时间为1~5h,在通常情况下,经历该反应时间后可以生产出GB/T17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数为20-60ml/g的预聚醚酯。而经历步骤S2反应后的预聚醚酯的羧基含量一般在10-60mmol/kg。
步骤S3的连续缩聚反应中,如果需要,可以将一种钝化剂加入反应体系。可用的钝化剂通常为磷的化合物,包括磷酸、亚磷酸及其酯类。当体系中使用了高活性的钛催化剂时,通常会在步骤S3中加入钝化剂。
在步骤S3中,连续缩聚的反应温度优选为230至270℃。在步骤S3中,开始时的压力通常控制为0.2至5mbar,更优选为0.5至3mbar。连续缩聚的反应时间优选为30至120分钟,更优选为50至100分钟。而经历步骤S3反应后的半芳香族聚醚酯优选羧基含量为10-50mmol/kg。
如有必要,在步骤S3结束后,将步骤S3所得半芳香族聚醚酯加入双螺杆挤出机中,连同用量为0.01-5.0mol%的扩链剂(基于第一组分A的总摩尔量),于200至270℃的反应温度下使用0.5至15分钟的停留时间,得到半芳香族聚醚酯,其根据GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数150-350ml/g。
再一方面,本发明还提供上述半芳香族聚醚酯在制备可堆肥降解产品中的应用,所述可堆肥降解产品可以是纤维、薄膜或容器等。
本发明还提供了上述半芳香族聚醚酯在制备食品保鲜膜中的应用。半芳香族聚酯可以同聚乳酸(PLA)等共混改性后作为食品保鲜膜的制作材料,由于食品保鲜膜同液体接触,这就要求其具有一定的耐水解性能,但考虑到可降解的要求,耐水解性能又不能太高,否则降解周期太久。根据实际应用,使用30天重量保持率这一测试评估其降解性能,30天重量保持率一般为50-60%范围内较佳,并且在此范围内,数值越高越好。30天重量保持率超过65%,降解性能过差;低于45%,降解过于迅速,上述半芳香族聚醚酯应用于食品保鲜膜的制备中,具有合适的降解性能,并且聚醚酯的总迁移量满足GB4806.7-2016食品安全国家标准食品接触用塑料材料及制品规定的总迁移量不超过10mg/dm 2的要求,具有较低的聚醚酯迁移量,并且满足根据GB10457-2009规定的食品用塑料自粘保鲜膜剪切剥离强度不小于0.5N/cm 2的要求,具有较好的自粘性能。又一方面,本发明还提供一种半芳香族聚醚酯的模塑组合物,按重量比计,包括如下组分:
5-95wt%的上述的半芳香族聚醚酯;
5-95wt%的添加剂和/或其它聚合物;
0-70wt%的增强材料和/或填料。
作为一种具体选择,所述添加剂和/或其它聚合物可以是,至少一种或多种选自脂肪族聚酯、聚己内酯、淀粉、纤维素、聚羟基链烷酸酯和聚乳酸的组分。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明提供一种半芳香族聚醚酯及其制备方法和应用,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,将第三组分C聚(1,4-丁二醇)中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量控制为1.5-5.5mol%,可使得其形成的薄膜具有良好的自粘性和低的聚醚酯总迁移量。
附图说明
图1为半芳香族聚醚酯溶于0.6ml氘代氯仿中采用Bruker公司AV 500核磁共振波谱仪测定得到的1H NMR图谱;
图2为实施例5所得的半芳香族聚醚酯的氢谱及各关键峰归属;
图3为实施例2所得半芳香族聚醚酯的典型氢谱及各关键峰归属。
具体实施方式
如无特殊说明,本发明所用原料、试剂及溶剂,均为商业购买,且未经任何处理。下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式并不受下述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
另外,关于本说明书中“份”、“%”,除非特别说明,分别表示“质量份”、“质量%”。
实施例和对比例中聚(1,4-丁二醇)均购自BASF,1,4-丁二醇、对苯二甲酸、己二酸、癸二酸、甘油、原钛酸四丁酯、亚磷酸等其他原料均为市售。
测试方法:
半芳香族聚醚酯中聚(1,4-丁二醇)含量的测试(以对苯二甲酸、己二酸和1,4-丁二醇反应得到的聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)为例):
取20mg半芳香族聚醚酯样品溶于0.6ml氘代氯仿中,然后采用Bruker公司AV 500核磁共振波谱仪在室温下测定 1H NMR,标定氯仿溶剂峰7.26ppm。
参考文献:Chen,X.;Chen,W.;Zhu,G.;Huang,F.;Zhang,J.,Synthesis,1H-NMR characterization, and biodegradation behavior of aliphatic–aromatic random copolyester.J.Appl.Polym.Sci.2007,104(4):2643-2649可知,对苯二甲酸重复单元中苯环上4个氢原子出现在8.10ppm附近;己二酸重复单元中与羰基相邻两个CH 2单元的4个氢原子出现在2.33ppm附近。如图1所示。这样,二酸组分的摩尔含量可通过8.10ppm和2.33ppm这两处峰的积分面积(I T和I A)表示:
PBAT中对苯二甲酸摩尔含量=I T/(I T+I A)×100%
PBAT中己二酸摩尔含量=I A/(I T+I A)×100%
聚(1,4-丁二醇),HO-(CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O) n-H,当n取不同值时,在核磁氢谱上的表现不同,分情况讨论:
①当体系中仅含有n=2的二聚(1,4-丁二醇)时
参考文献:Miles,W.H.;Ruddy,D.A.;Tinorgah,S.;Geisler,R.L.,Acylative Dimerization of Tetrahydrofuran Catalyzed by Rare‐Earth Triflates.Synth.Commun.2004,34(10):1871-1880,二聚(1,4-丁二醇)同苯甲酸和乙酸的产物 1H NMR化学位移(标于结构式对应碳原子上,单位ppm)如下图所示:
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000001
参考上述1a和1d物质的 1H NMR化学位移可知,二聚(1,4-丁二醇)同己二酸(类似1a)和对苯二甲酸(类似1d)共聚产物中同醚键氧原子相连CH 2单元的氢原子出现在3.40和3.48ppm附近。当使用二聚(1,4-丁二醇)作为共聚单体时,实施例5所得半芳香族聚酯的氢谱及各关键峰归属如图2所示:
由图2可计算,基于第一组分A(二酸)的总摩尔量,第三组分C中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量X C为:
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000002
其中,
I 1和I 1'为与对苯二甲酸相邻的二聚(1,4-丁二醇)重复单元上同醚键氧原子相连的-CH 2-上氢原子峰的积分面积;
I 2和I 2'为与己二酸相邻的二聚(1,4-丁二醇)重复单元上同醚键氧原子相连的-CH 2-上氢原子峰的积分面积;
I T为对苯二甲酸重复单元苯环上4个氢原子积分面积;
IA为己二酸重复单元同羰基相连的2个-CH 2-上4个氢原子积分面积;
②当体系中含有n≥3的聚(1,4-丁二醇)时
参考文献:Park,Y.H.;Cho,C.G.,Synthesis and characterization of poly[(butylene succinate)-co-(butylene terephthalate)]-b-poly(tetramethylene glycol)segmented block copolymer.J.Appl.Polym.Sci.2001,79(11):2067-2075可知,当聚(1,4-丁二醇)中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-个数大于等于3时,同氧相连两个CH 2单元的4个氢原子出现在3.4ppm附近,为单峰。当使用分子量为2000的聚(1,4-丁二醇)(n≈28)时,实施例2所得半芳香族聚醚酯的典型氢谱及各关键峰归属如图3所示:
基于第一组分A(二酸)的总摩尔量,第三组分C聚(1,4-丁二醇)中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量X C可由下述公式计算:
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000003
其中,
I 1和I 1'为与对苯二甲酸相邻的聚(1,4-丁二醇)重复单元上同醚键氧原子相连的-CH 2-上氢原子峰的积分面积;
I 2和I 2'为与己二酸相邻的聚(1,4-丁二醇)重复单元上同醚键氧原子相连的-CH 2-上氢原子峰的积分面积;
I 3为不与对苯二甲酸和己二酸相邻的聚(1,4-丁二醇)重复单元上同醚键氧原子相连的-CH 2-上氢原子峰的积分面积;
I T为对苯二甲酸重复单元苯环上4个氢原子积分面积;
I A为己二酸重复单元同羰基相连的2个-CH 2-上4个氢原子积分面积;
但是,2、2'和3三个峰出现了重叠,必须将重叠峰中2和2'的峰面积与3峰的面积独立计算出来才能使用公式(2)计算X C
考虑到,I 1和I 1'亦可反映对苯二甲酸重复单元的比例,I 2和I 2'亦可反映己二酸重复单元的比例,我们得到如下关系:
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000004
简化公式(3)后,得到:
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000005
另有,
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000006
将公式(4)和(5)代入公式(2),得到:
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000007
公式(6)即为基于第一组分A(二酸)的总摩尔量,当n≥3时,第三组分C聚(1,4-丁二醇)HO-(CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O) n-H中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量X C的计算公式。
半芳香族聚醚酯的粘数:
根据GB/T 17931-1999规定,在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定,样品浓度为5mg/ml。
羧基含量:
首先根据1998年10月的DIN EN 12634确定酸值AN(mg KOH/g),然后羧基含量(mmol/kg)=(AN/56)×10 3。所用的溶剂混合物包括1体积份的DMSO,8体积份的异丙醇,和7体积份的甲苯,溶剂体积为100ml。取半芳香族聚醚酯3-6g加热到70℃以使所有聚合物全部溶解为澄清溶液,滴定过程中保持溶液温度60-70℃以避免聚合物析出。滴定液选用四丁基氢氧化铵,避免使用高毒性的四甲基氢氧化铵。同时,为避免混合溶剂吸收空气中CO 2从而对空白溶剂消耗滴定液的体积造成影响,测试空白溶剂消耗滴定液体积时应将空白溶剂加热到70℃后恒温0.5h,然后再进行空白溶剂的滴定。
30天重量保持率:
半芳香族聚醚酯的生物降解实验参照GB/T 19277——2003测试。首先将半芳香族聚醚酯试样压制成0.10mm厚的薄膜,再裁剪成1.2cm×2.0cm的样片,此时样品重量记为a 0。然后将样片埋入堆肥土中并放入恒温箱中,堆肥土是经过56~70天曝气并过筛后的城市垃圾堆肥,实验温度恒定在(58±2)℃,30天后取出堆肥样片,将样片洗净烘干后称重,此时样品重量记为a 1。则30天重量保持率=a 1/a 0×100%。30天重量保持率越高,表明材料越难降解,30天重量保持率越低,表明材料降解速度越快。根据实际应用,使用30天重量保持率这一测试评估其降解性能,30天重量保持率一般为50-60%范围内较佳,并且在此范围内,数值越高越好。30天重量保持率超过65%,降解性能过差;低于45%,降解过于迅速。吹膜样品制备:
将半芳香族聚醚酯原材料于85℃温度下烘干4小时,投入吹膜机吹膜。螺杆直径55mm,长径比30:1,挤出设定螺杆转速30r/min,熔体温度分别为145℃。吹胀比3.5。薄膜规格为宽度550mm,厚度50μm。
剪切剥离强度:
使用上述50μm吹膜样品,参考GB 10457-2009食品用塑料自粘保鲜膜7.8自粘性(剪切剥离强度)部分进行测试。根据实际应用,需满足根据GB10457-2009规定的食品用塑料自粘保鲜膜剪切剥离强度不小于0.5N/cm 2的要求。
聚醚酯总迁移量:
使用上述50μm吹膜样品,裁剪成10cm*10cm膜片。参考GB 31604.1-2015食品安全国家标准食品接触材料及制品迁移试验通则5.2总迁移试验条件进行测试,选用迁移试验条件:100℃,2h;食品模拟物为10%体积分数乙醇水溶液200ml,然后使用该膜片进行总迁移试验。
将迁移实验结束后的浸泡液分多次置于预先在100℃干燥箱中干燥至恒重的50mL玻璃蒸发皿中,蒸至浸泡液无明显液体,然后再置于100℃干燥箱中干燥2h,在干燥器中冷却0.5h后称量。玻璃蒸发皿的增重记为b mg,由于膜片有两面,其总表面积为2dm 2,则总迁移量为0.5b mg/dm 2,每次做2个平行试验,取平均值。根据实际应用,总迁移量应满足根据GB 4806.7-2016食品安全国家标准食品接触用塑料材料及制品规定的总迁移量不超过10mg/dm 2的要求。
实施例1
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、437kg/h己二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、4.1kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、1.15kg/h甘油和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数24ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
实施例2
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、437kg/h己二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、10.8kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、1.15kg/h甘油和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于第一酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数27ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
实施例3
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、437kg/h己二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、17.5kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、1.15kg/h甘油和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数26ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去。然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
实施例4
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、437kg/h己二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、10.9kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量1000g/mol)、1.15kg/h甘油和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数29ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
实施例5
参考文献(Alexander,K.;Schniepp,L.E.,4,4'-Dichlorodibutyl Ether and its Derivatives from Tetrahydrofuran.J.Am.Chem.Soc.1948,70(5):1839-1842.)合成了二聚(1,4-丁二醇)HO-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-OH。
在高纯氮气保护下,将对苯二甲酸2.36kg、己二酸2.36kg、1,4-丁二醇4.38kg、二聚(1,4-丁二醇)65g,甘油6.2g、钛酸正丁酯4.2g投入反应釜中,升温至220~240℃恒温120min。然后向其中投入亚磷酸1.25g。在30~60分钟内将反应釜内压力降低至50Pa以下,于220~260℃反应60-120min。停止搅拌,向反应釜内充入高纯氮气,将树脂从反应釜中压出、水冷造粒,即得到半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
实施例6
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、605kg/h癸二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、10.8kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、1.15kg/h甘油和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数27ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
实施例7
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、437kg/h己二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、10.8kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数30ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
实施例8
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、325kg/h己二酸、595kg/h1,4-丁二醇、9.32kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、0.994kg/h甘油和0.446kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.243kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数24ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.20kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终半芳香族聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
对比例1
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、437kg/h己二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、1.15kg/h甘油和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数26ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
对比例2
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、437kg/h己二酸、690kg/h1,4-丁二醇、24kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、1.15kg/h甘油和0.506kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.276kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数24ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.23kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
对比例3
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、165kg/h己二酸、460kg/h1,4-丁二醇、7.22kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、0.77kg/h甘油和0.337kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.184kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数26ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.153kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
对比例4
S1:将437kg/h对苯二甲酸、897kg/h己二酸、1077kg/h1,4-丁二醇、16.85kg/h聚(1,4-丁二醇)(BASF,分子量2000g/mol)、1.791kg/h甘油和0.796kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯于酯化反应器进行常温物理混合,然后将该混合物于240℃和0.45bar进行酯化反应60-120分钟,得到酯化产物AB;
S2:将酯化产物AB通过一个静态混合器后进入一个立式搅拌全混合反应器中,加热至260℃,开始时压力0.3bar;在该反应器中加入0.434kg/h原钛酸四丁基酯,反应时间60-120分钟,压力降至100mbar,大部分过量的1,4-丁二醇被蒸馏除去。此时反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数25ml/g;
S3:往反应混合物中加入0.36kg/h亚磷酸,同时将反应混合物转移至一个终聚反应釜内,于260℃的温度和1mbar的压力下再缩聚80-100分钟,剩余的过量1,4-丁二醇和其它副产物被蒸馏除去,然后,用一个水下造粒机造粒,然后干燥得到最终聚醚酯产物。性能结果见表1。
Figure PCTCN2022118114-appb-000008
对比例1尽管未加入聚(1,4-丁二醇),但由于副反应的存在,所得产物中仍然发现0.61mol%的二聚(1,4-丁二醇)重复单元的存在。但由于含量较低,对剪切剥离强度影响有限,使得其剪切剥离强度较低,低于GB 10457-2009规定的食品用塑料自粘保鲜膜剪切剥离强度不小于0.5N/cm 2的要求。
从实施例1至实施例5、对比例1和对比例2可以看出,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,第三组分C中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量为1.5-5.5mol%时,剪切剥离强度满足GB 10457-2009规定的食品用塑料自粘保鲜膜剪切剥离强度不小于0.5N/cm 2的要求,且具有合适的降解性能;实施例6中癸二酸作为脂肪族二酸,降解速率有所加快(30天重量保持率下降);实施例7没有甘油,使得其粘数和30天重量保持率都有所下降;实施例8对苯二甲酸含量偏高,30天重量保持率有所上升。
对比例3对苯二甲酸含量过高,树脂降解性能较差;对比例4对苯二甲酸含量过低,树脂降解过于迅速。
实施例9
使用实施例2的半芳香族聚醚酯吹膜后测试其总迁移量,为2.5mg/dm 2
对比例5
将对比例1的半芳香族聚醚酯90份、C5石油树脂10份、抗氧剂1010(0.1份)和抗氧剂168(0.2份)加入高速混合机中搅拌充分混合,混合均匀后再将其转移至双螺杆挤出机中进行熔融挤出造粒得到自粘改性料,自粘改性料挤出造粒时螺杆温度为180~210℃,螺杆转速为350rpm。
使用该自粘改性料吹膜后测试其剪切剥离强度为0.59N/cm 2,总迁移量为16mg/dm 2
对比例5使用传统的添加增粘树脂以改善自粘性的手段,尽管其剪切剥离强度较高,但总迁移量超过了GB 4806.7-2016食品安全国家标准食品接触用塑料材料及制品规定的总迁移量不超过10mg/dm 2的要求;实施例9使用聚(1,4丁二醇)共聚的半芳香族聚醚酯,总迁移量非常低,满足食品接触要求。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种半芳香族聚醚酯,其包括衍生自下述组分的重复单元:
    第一组分A,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,包括:
    a1)35至65mol%,优选40-60mol%的至少一种脂肪族二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物,
    a2)35至65mol%,优选40-60mol%的至少一种芳香族二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物,第二组分B,1,4-丁二醇,
    第三组分C,聚(1,4-丁二醇),分子式为HO-(CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O) n-H,其中n为2至200的整数,其中,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,第三组分C中重复单元-CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-O-的摩尔含量为1.5-5.5mol%。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的半芳香族聚醚酯,其特征在于,所述组分a1)选自草酸、草酸二甲酯、丙二酸、丙二酸二甲酯、琥珀酸、琥珀酸二甲酯、甲基琥珀酸、戊二酸、戊二酸二甲酯、戊二酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、戊二酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、戊二酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、2-甲基戊二酸、3-甲基戊二酸、己二酸、己二酸二甲酯、己二酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、己二酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、己二酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、3-甲基己二酸、2,2,5,5-四甲基己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、壬二酸二甲酯、癸二酸、1,11-十一烷二羧酸、1,10-癸烷二羧酸、十一烷二酸、1,12-十二烷二羧酸、十六烷二酸、二十烷二酸、二十四烷二酸、二聚酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或多种,优选选自琥珀酸、己二酸、癸二酸、1,12-十二烷二羧酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或多种,更优选为己二酸、癸二酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或两种,最优选为己二酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的半芳香族聚醚酯,其特征在于,所述组分a2)选自对苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸二甲酯、对苯二甲酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、对苯二甲酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、对苯二甲酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、间苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、间苯二甲酸双(2-羟基乙基)酯、间苯二甲酸双(3-羟基丙基)酯、间苯二甲酸双(4-羟基丁基)酯、2,6-萘二羧酸、2,6-苯二甲酸二甲酯、2,7-萘二羧酸、2,7-苯二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-二苯醚二羧酸、3,4′二苯醚二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-二苯醚二羧酸、4,4′-二苯醚二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-苯硫醚二羧酸、3,4′-苯硫醚二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-二苯硫醚二羧酸、4,4′-苯硫醚二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-二苯砜二羧酸、3,4′-二苯砜二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-二苯砜二羧酸、4,4′-二苯砜二甲酸二甲酯、3,4′-苯甲酮二羧酸、3,4’-苯甲酮二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-苯甲酮二羧酸、4,4′-苯甲酮二甲酸二甲酯、1,4-萘二羧酸、1,4-萘二甲酸二甲酯、4,4′-亚甲基双(苯甲酸)、4,4′-亚甲基双(苯甲酸二甲酯)或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物中的一种或多种,优选为对苯二甲酸或其酯衍生物或其酸酐衍生物。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯,其特征在于,n为2至50的整数,优选为2至30的整数。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯,其特征在于,所述半芳香族聚醚酯还包含第四组分D,所述第四组分D含有至少三个官能团,优选含有三至六个官能团,优选选自酒石酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、三羟甲基丙烷、三羟甲基乙烷、季戊四醇、聚醚三醇、甘油、1,3,5-苯三酸、1,2,4-苯三酸、1,2,4-苯三酸酐、1,2,4,5-苯四酸和苯均四酸二酐中的一种或多种,优选为三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇或甘油;
    优选地,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,所述第四组分D的摩尔含量为0.01-5.0mol%,进一步优选为0.02-2.0mol%。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯,其特征在于,所述半芳香族聚醚酯还包括第五组分E,所述第五组分E为扩链剂,优选选自含有2个或2个以上官能团的异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯、过氧化物、环氧化物、噁唑啉、噁嗪、内酰胺、碳二亚胺或聚碳二亚胺中的一种或几种,优选含有2个或2个以上官能团的异氰酸酯,更优选六亚甲基二异氰酸酯;
    优选地,基于第一组分A的总摩尔量,所述第五组分E的含量为0.01-5.0mol%。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯,其特征在于,所述半芳香族聚醚酯根据GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数为100-350ml/g;
    优选地,所述半芳香族聚醚酯羧基含量为5-60mmol/kg,进一步优选为10-50mmol/kg。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
    S1:将第一组分A、第二组分B、第三组分C和部分催化剂(如有必要,第四组分D也一起加入)混合后,于酯化反应器中加热到150-280℃酯化反应1-2h,得到酯化产物AB;
    S2:将步骤S1中的酯化产物AB在剩余催化剂作用下进行初级缩聚反应,反应温度230-270℃,直至反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数20-60ml/g;
    S3:将步骤S2所得初级缩聚反应的产物转移至终聚釜内,在220至270℃温度下连续缩聚反应至反应产物达到GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数100-250ml/g,且所述反应产物中羧基含量为5~60mmol/kg,即得半芳香族聚醚酯;
    优选地,在步骤S1中,所述第二组分B的摩尔用量为所述第一组分A的1.1-3.0倍;
    优选地,在步骤S1中,所述催化剂的添加量为最终半芳香族聚醚酯重量的0.001~1%,优选为0.02~0.2%;
    优选地,在步骤S1中,催化剂的加入量为催化剂总用量的50-80wt%;
    优选地,在步骤S2中,反应温度为240~260℃;
    优选地,在步骤S2中,开始时的压力为0.1至0.5bar,优选为0.2至0.4bar,结束时的压力为5至200mbar,优选为10至100mbar;
    优选地,在步骤S2中,反应时间为1~5h;
    优选地,在步骤S3中,连续缩聚的反应温度为230至270℃;
    优选地,在步骤S3中,开始时的压力为0.2至5mbar,优选为0.5至3mbar;
    优选地,在步骤S3中,反应时间为30至120分钟,优选为50至100分钟;
    优选地,在步骤S3中,所述反应产物中羧基含量为10-50mmol/kg;
    优选地,所述催化剂是锡化合物、锑化合物、钴化合物、铅化合物、锌化合物、铝化合物或钛化合物,优选为锌化合物、铝化合物或钛化合物,更优选为原钛酸四丁基酯或原钛酸四异丙基酯;
    优选地,步骤S3中,还包括在反应体系中加入钝化剂的步骤;
    优选地,所述钝化剂为磷的化合物,所述磷的化合物包括磷酸、亚磷酸及其酯类;
    优选地,如有必要,在步骤S3结束后,将步骤S3所得半芳香族聚醚酯加入双螺杆挤出机中,连同用量为0.01-5.0mol%的扩链剂(基于第一组分A的总摩尔量),于200至270℃的反应温度下使用0.5至15分钟的停留时间,得到半芳香族聚醚酯,其根据GB/T 17931-1999规定在重量比为1:1的苯酚/邻二氯苯溶液中、于25±0.05℃的恒温水浴中测定的粘数150-350ml/g。
  9. 一种半芳香族聚醚酯模塑组合物,其特征在于,按重量百分比计,包括如下组分:
    5-95wt%的权利要求1-7中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯;
    5-95wt%的添加剂和/或其它聚合物;
    0-70wt%的增强材料和/或填料。
  10. 权利要求1~7中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯在制备可堆肥降解产品中的应用,其特征在于,所述可堆肥降解产品为纤维、薄膜或容器。
  11. 权利要求1~7中任一项所述的半芳香族聚醚酯在制备食品保鲜膜中的应用。
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