WO2023045490A1 - 电极组件及制造方法和系统、电池单体、电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

电极组件及制造方法和系统、电池单体、电池和用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045490A1
WO2023045490A1 PCT/CN2022/103972 CN2022103972W WO2023045490A1 WO 2023045490 A1 WO2023045490 A1 WO 2023045490A1 CN 2022103972 W CN2022103972 W CN 2022103972W WO 2023045490 A1 WO2023045490 A1 WO 2023045490A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
conductive
electrode assembly
parts
battery
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2022/103972
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴李力
陈兴布
李璇
韦健人
苏辉森
孙信
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP22871551.2A priority Critical patent/EP4250406A4/en
Publication of WO2023045490A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045490A1/zh
Priority to US18/337,027 priority patent/US20230369728A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H01M10/0409—Machines for assembling batteries for cells with wound electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of battery production, in particular to an electrode assembly, a manufacturing method and system, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Battery cells are widely used in electronic equipment, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes and electric tools, etc.
  • the battery cells may include nickel-cadmium battery cells, nickel-hydrogen battery cells, lithium-ion battery cells, secondary alkaline zinc-manganese battery cells, and the like.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly, and ion migration occurs in the electrode assembly to generate current and then collect and output the current.
  • the present application provides an electrode assembly, a manufacturing method and system, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the performance of the electrode assembly.
  • the present application proposes an electrode assembly, including an electrode member wound along the winding direction; the electrode member includes an electrode body, the electrode body includes an insulating base and a conductive layer disposed on the insulating base; the conductive layer includes a coating coated with The first part of the active material layer and the second part of the uncoated active material layer; the second part is N, and the N second parts are arranged at intervals along the winding direction; along the winding direction, the Mth and M-1th The distance between the second parts is L1, and the distance between the Mth and M+1th second parts is L2; both N and M are positive integers, 2 ⁇ M ⁇ N-1, 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.
  • the distance between the Mth second part and the M-1th second part is L1
  • the distance between the Mth and M+1th second part is L2 , 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05; during the charging and discharging process of the battery cell, when the active material layer shrinks or expands, because the gap between L1 and L2 is small, the force exerted by the insulating matrix on both sides of the second part is basically Similarly, the force of the second part is relatively balanced, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the first part and the second part, improving the structural stability of the electrode assembly, and improving the overcurrent capability and safety performance of the electrode assembly.
  • the second part includes a first conductive part and a second conductive part
  • the first conductive part is disposed between the second conductive part and the first part, and along the winding direction, the size of the first conductive part is larger than that of the second conductive part.
  • the size of the conductive part is larger than the size of the second conductive part in the winding direction, so as to increase the connection area between the first part and the second part, thereby increasing the connection strength between the two and improving
  • the structural stability of the battery cell improves the reliability of the battery cell.
  • the thickness of the conductive layer is small, the flow area of the first part and the second part is small, which may cause serious heat generation in this place, seriously reduce the performance of the battery cell, and increase the size of the first conductive part in the winding direction
  • the flow-through area of the connection between the first part and the second part of the conductive layer can be increased, thereby alleviating the heating phenomenon at this place during the use of the electrode assembly, thereby further improving the flow-through capacity and safety performance of the electrode assembly.
  • the width of the first conductive portion increases gradually.
  • the change trend of the second part is relatively regular, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.
  • the electrode member is arranged in multiple turns, and the second part is arranged in at least one turn on each turn.
  • a second part is provided on each circle, and the second part is connected to the conductive structure, which can effectively utilize the storage space of the battery cells.
  • the electrode member is provided with two second portions on each turn thereof, and the two second portions are respectively arranged on both sides of the winding axis of the electrode member.
  • two second parts are arranged on each circle, and the second parts are used to connect the conductive structure, which can effectively improve the overall conductivity of the conductive structure.
  • the electrode member includes a conductive structure connected to the second part, any second part in the N second parts is connected to 2 conductive structures, and the number of conductive structures is 2N, and the 2N conductive structures are perpendicular to The projections of the directions of the winding axes of the electrode members overlap at least partially.
  • the 2N conductive structures are stacked and connected to each other, which can improve the overcurrent capability of the conductive structures.
  • the first portion includes a connection portion and a transition portion, the transition portion is located on both sides of the connection portion, the connection portion is formed extending along the width direction of the conductive structure, at least part of the transition portion is arc-shaped; the second portion is disposed on The connection part extends along the width direction of the conductive structure.
  • the second part is arranged at the connection part, which can ensure that the conductive structures connected to the second part can be effectively welded when they are stacked and connected, and the bonding force between adjacent conductive structures can be improved, and the adjacent The contact area between the conductive structures increases, which can improve the overcurrent capability.
  • the connecting portion includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion that are oppositely disposed; the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are respectively disposed on both sides of the winding axis of the electrode member, and the second portion is disposed on the second A connecting portion and/or a second connecting portion.
  • the number of conductive structures connected to the second part is relatively small, which can reduce the thickness of the stacked multiple conductive structures and improve the The energy density of a battery cell.
  • the conductive structure connected with the second part is also arranged at the first connection part and the second connection part, and the number of the conductive structures is relatively increased, which can effectively improve multiple conductive structures. Conductivity of the structure as a whole.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including the electrode assembly provided in any embodiment of the first aspect and a housing for accommodating the electrode assembly.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including a plurality of battery cells as provided in the embodiment of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery provided in the embodiment of the third aspect, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly, including: providing an electrode body, the electrode body includes an insulating base and a conductive layer disposed on the insulating base, the conductive layer includes a first part and a second part;
  • the electrode body is wound in the winding direction; wherein, there are N second parts, and along the winding direction, the N second parts are arranged at intervals, and the distance between the Mth and M-1th second parts is L1, and the Mth The distance from the M+1th second part is L2, N and M are both positive integers, 2 ⁇ M ⁇ N-1, 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a manufacturing system for an electrode assembly, including: a first providing device for providing an electrode body, the electrode body includes an insulating base and a conductive layer disposed on the surface of the insulating base, the conductive layer includes a first A part and a second part; a winding device for winding the electrode body along the winding direction; wherein, there are N second parts, and N second parts are arranged at intervals along the winding direction, and the Mth and Mth The distance between -1 second part is L1, the distance between the Mth and M+1th second parts is L2, N and M are both positive integers, 2 ⁇ M ⁇ N-1, 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the wound electrode member of the electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application in the unfolded state of the electrode member;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrode member shown in Fig. 7 along the line A-A;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an electrode assembly manufacturing system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Electrode body 91. Insulation matrix; 92. Conductive layer; 921. First part; 9211. Connection part; 9211a. First connection part; 9211b. Second connection part; 9212. Transition part; 922. Second part; 9221, the first conductive part; 9222, the second conductive part;
  • Manufacturing system 100. First providing device; 200. Winding device.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells are generally divided into the following types according to the way of packaging: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a first electrode member, a second electrode member, and a separator between the first electrode member and the second electrode member.
  • the electrode assembly is wound from a first electrode member, a separator and a second electrode member.
  • the first electrode member and the second electrode member have different polarities.
  • the first electrode member is a positive electrode member
  • the second electrode member is a negative electrode member.
  • the first electrode member can also be a negative electrode member
  • the second electrode member is a positive electrode member.
  • a battery cell operates primarily by moving metal ions between a first electrode member and a second electrode member.
  • the material of the spacer can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the positive electrode component includes a positive electrode body and a positive conductive structure.
  • the positive electrode body is a laminated structure, including an insulating base and a positive conductive layer disposed on the surface of the insulating base. Part of the positive conductive layer is coated with a positive active material layer, and the positive conductive structure is not coated with a positive active material layer.
  • the material of the positive electrode conductive layer can be aluminum
  • the positive electrode active material layer includes the positive electrode active material
  • the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode component includes a negative electrode body and a negative electrode conductive structure.
  • the negative electrode body is a laminated structure, including an insulating base and a negative conductive layer disposed on the surface of the insulating base. Part of the negative conductive layer is coated with a negative active material layer, and the negative conductive structure is not coated with a negative active material layer.
  • the material of the negative electrode conductive layer may be copper, the negative electrode active material layer includes the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon. In order to ensure that a large current is passed without fusing, there are multiple positive electrode conductive structures stacked together, and multiple negative electrode conductive structures are stacked together.
  • the battery cell may also include a casing assembly, and the casing assembly has an accommodating chamber inside, and the accommodating chamber is a closed space provided by the casing assembly for the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the casing assembly includes a casing and a cover assembly.
  • the casing is a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the cover assembly covers the opening of the casing and forms a sealed connection to form an accommodating chamber for accommodating the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the active material layer of the electrode assembly will shrink or expand. Since the insulating matrix is usually made of organic polymer materials, the ductility of the insulating matrix is better; the conductive structure is usually made of metal materials, and its ductility is poorer than that of the insulating matrix, and the conductive structure is not easy to extend. Due to the difference in the ductility of the insulating matrix and the conductive structure, when the active material layer shrinks or expands, the insulating matrix will give a certain force to the conductive structure.
  • the conductive structure When the forces on both sides of the conductive structure are different, the conductive structure It may be torn or the insulating matrix is wrinkled, and the conductive structure is torn, resulting in at least a partial fracture between the conductive structure and the conductive layer. It is difficult for the conductive structure to draw out the current generated by the electrode assembly, and the current flow capacity of the electrode assembly is poor. ; and the tearing of the conductive structure may pierce the separator and conduct the positive and negative electrodes, causing safety risks. Wrinkles in the insulating matrix will lead to a decrease in the bonding force between the insulating matrix and the conductive layer, resulting in a decrease in the flow-through capacity of the electrode assembly.
  • the inventor proposes a technical solution, in which the electrode assembly includes an electrode component, the electrode component includes an electrode body and a conductive structure, the electrode body includes an insulating substrate and a conductive layer arranged on the surface of the insulating substrate, and the conductive layer Including a first part and a second part extending from the first part, the first part is coated with an active material layer, the second part is not coated with an active material layer, and the second part is connected to the conductive structure; the second part is set to N, and the electrode member Winding along the winding direction, N second parts are arranged at intervals along the winding direction; along the winding direction, the distance between the Mth second part and the M-1th second part is L1, and the Mth and Mth The interval of +1 second part is L2; wherein, N and M are both positive integers, 2 ⁇ M ⁇ N-1, 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.
  • the force on both sides of the second part is basically the same.
  • the force is basically the same, which can effectively prevent the conductive structure from being torn or the insulating matrix from wrinkles, and the structure of the electrode assembly is stable, thereby improving the safety performance and overcurrent capability of the electrode assembly.
  • Electric devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and electric tools, and so on.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose special limitations on the above-mentioned electrical devices.
  • the electric device is taken as an example for description.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 2 is arranged inside the vehicle 1 , and the battery 2 can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1 .
  • the battery 2 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1 , for example, the battery 2 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1 .
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4 , the controller 3 is used to control the battery 2 to supply power to the motor 4 , for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.
  • the battery 2 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 2 includes a box body 5 and a battery cell (not shown in FIG. 2 ), and the battery cell is accommodated in the box body 5 .
  • the box body 5 is used to accommodate the battery cells, and the box body 5 may have various structures.
  • the box body 5 may include a first box body part 51 and a second box body part 52, the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 cover each other, the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 51
  • the two box parts 52 jointly define an accommodating space 53 for accommodating the battery cells.
  • the second box part 52 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box part 51 is a plate-shaped structure, and the first box part 51 covers the opening side of the second box part 52 to form an accommodating space 53
  • the box body 5; the first box body portion 51 and the second box body portion 52 also can be a hollow structure with one side opening, and the opening side of the first box body portion 51 is covered on the opening side of the second box body portion 52 , to form a box body 5 with an accommodation space 53 .
  • the first box body part 51 and the second box body part 52 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • a sealing member may also be provided between the first box body portion 51 and the second box body portion 52, such as sealant, sealing ring, etc. .
  • the first box part 51 covers the top of the second box part 52
  • the first box part 51 can also be called an upper box cover
  • the second box part 52 can also be called a lower box.
  • the battery 2 there may be one or more battery cells. If there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the hybrid connection means that there are both series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells.
  • a plurality of battery cells can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of a plurality of battery cells is accommodated in the box 5; of course, it is also possible to first connect a plurality of battery cells in series or parallel or
  • the battery modules 6 are formed by parallel connection, and multiple battery modules 6 are connected in series or in parallel or in series to form a whole, and are housed in the box body 5 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery module shown in FIG. 2 .
  • there are multiple battery cells 7 and the multiple battery cells 7 are connected in series, in parallel, or in parallel to form a battery module 6 .
  • a plurality of battery modules 6 are connected in series, in parallel or in parallel to form a whole, and accommodated in the box.
  • the plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 6 can be electrically connected through a confluence component, so as to realize parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 7 in the battery module 6 .
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 7 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly 10 and a casing assembly 20 , and the electrode assembly 10 is accommodated in the casing assembly 20 .
  • housing assembly 20 may also be used to contain an electrolyte, such as electrolyte solution.
  • Housing assembly 20 may be of various configurations.
  • the housing assembly 20 may include a housing 21 and a cover assembly 22, the housing 21 is a hollow structure with one side open, and the cover assembly 22 covers the opening of the housing 21 and forms a sealed connection to form a The accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the shape of the casing 21 may be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 10 . For example, if the electrode assembly 10 has a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical shell can be selected; if the electrode assembly 10 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a rectangular parallelepiped shell can be selected.
  • the cover assembly 22 includes an end cover 223 , and the end cover 223 covers the opening of the housing 21 .
  • the end cap 223 can be of various structures, for example, the end cap 223 is a plate-shaped structure, a hollow structure with one end open, and the like.
  • the housing 21 is a cuboid structure
  • the end cover 223 is a plate-shaped structure
  • the end cover 223 covers the opening at the top of the housing 21 .
  • the end cap 223 can be made of insulating material (such as plastic) or conductive material (such as metal). When the end cap 223 is made of metal material, the cap assembly 22 may further include an insulating part, which is located on a side of the end cap 223 facing the electrode assembly 10 to insulate the end cap 223 from the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the cover assembly 22 may further include an electrode terminal 221 installed on the end cover 223 .
  • the housing assembly 20 can also be of other structures.
  • the housing assembly 20 includes a housing 21 and two cover assemblies 22.
  • the housing 21 is a hollow structure with openings on opposite sides, and one cover assembly 22 corresponds to Covering an opening of the casing 21 to form a sealed connection, so as to form an accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly 10 and the electrolyte.
  • two electrode terminals 221 may be provided on one cover assembly 22 while no electrode terminal 221 is provided on the other cover assembly 22 , or one electrode terminal 221 may be provided on each of the two cover assemblies 22 .
  • the battery cell 7 there may be one electrode assembly 10 housed in the case assembly 20 or a plurality of them. Exemplarily, in FIG. 4 , there are four electrode assemblies 10 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes a positive electrode member, a negative electrode member, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 10 may be a wound electrode assembly.
  • the positive electrode member, the negative electrode member, and the separator are all belt-shaped structures.
  • the positive electrode member, the negative electrode member, and the negative electrode sheet can be stacked sequentially and wound more than two times to form the electrode assembly 10 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes an electrode member 8 , and the electrode member 8 includes an electrode body 9 and a conductive structure 12 connected to the electrode body 9 .
  • the conductive structure 12 extends from an end of the electrode body 9 close to the cover assembly 22 .
  • the two conductive structures 12 are respectively defined as a positive electrode conductive structure and a negative electrode conductive structure.
  • the positive conductive structure and the negative conductive structure can extend from the same end of the electrode body 9 , or extend from opposite ends of the electrode body 9 respectively.
  • the electrode body 9 is the core part of the electrode assembly 10 to realize the charging and discharging function, and the conductive structure 12 is used to extract the current generated by the electrode body 9 .
  • the electrode body 9 includes an insulating base, a conductive layer, and an active material layer.
  • the conductive structure 12 is used to electrically connect to the electrode terminal 221 .
  • the conductive structure 12 may be directly connected to the electrode terminal 221 through welding or the like, or may be indirectly connected to the electrode terminal 221 through other components.
  • the battery cell 7 further includes a current collecting member 13 for electrically connecting the electrode terminal 221 and the conductive structure 12 .
  • the two current collecting members 13 are respectively defined as a positive current collecting member and a negative current collecting member, the positive current collecting member is used to electrically connect the positive electrode terminal and the positive conductive structure, and the negative current collecting member is used for Connect the negative electrode terminal to the negative conductive structure.
  • the positive electrode member and negative electrode member adopts the structure of the electrode member in any of the following embodiments, that is, only the positive electrode member or the negative electrode member can be the following electrode member structure, or both may be the structures of the following electrode components. It should be noted that when both are the structures of the following electrode components, the polarities of the two are opposite.
  • the positive electrode member adopts the structure of the following electrode member
  • the negative electrode member can adopt the structure of the conventional electrode member, and the structure of the following electrode member can also be used.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the wound electrode member of the electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application in an unfolded state of the electrode member;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrode member shown in Fig. 7 taken along the line A-A.
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes an electrode member 8 wound along the winding direction X, the electrode member 8 includes an electrode body 9 , the electrode body 9 includes an insulating matrix 91 and is disposed on an insulating
  • the X direction shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 represents the winding direction of the electrode member 8
  • the winding direction X represents the direction of winding from the inside to the outside
  • the Y direction represents the width direction of the conductive structure 12
  • K represents the winding direction of the electrode member 8.
  • the Z direction indicates a direction perpendicular to the winding axis of the electrode member 8 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 is a wound electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly 10 includes an electrode member 8, an electrode member with a polarity opposite to that of the electrode member 8, and a separator 11.
  • the two electrode members are separated by the separator 11 and wound more than two times to form Electrode assembly 10.
  • the electrode member 8 includes an electrode body 9 and a conductive structure 12 , the electrode body 9 is the core part of the electrode assembly 10 to realize the charging and discharging function, and the conductive structure 12 is used to extract the current generated by the electrode body 9 .
  • the material of the insulating matrix 91 includes one or more of polymer materials and polymer matrix composite materials.
  • the polymer-based composite material includes a polymer material and an additive, and the additive is at least one of an inorganic non-metal material and a metal material.
  • the polymer material includes but not limited to at least one of polyamide, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate.
  • Inorganic non-metallic materials include one or more of carbon-based materials, alumina, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron nitride, silicate and titanium oxide.
  • the metal material includes one or more of magnesium, calcium, strontium, lead, zinc, tin, antimony, bismuth, silver and ruthenium.
  • the conductive layer 92 may be provided on only one side of the insulating base 91 , or may be provided on both sides of the insulating base 91 .
  • the conductive layer 92 can be formed on the insulating substrate 91 by at least one means of mechanical rolling, bonding, vapor deposition, electroless plating, and electroplating, wherein vapor deposition or electroplating can be selected.
  • the electroplating method that is, the conductive layer 92 can be selected as a vapor deposition layer or an electroplating layer, so that the tight combination between the conductive layer 92 and the insulating substrate 91 can be better realized, and the support and protection of the conductive layer 92 by the insulating substrate 91 can be effectively played. effect.
  • the conductive structure 12 and the second part 922 may be connected by welding or bonding, for example, the conductive structure 12 may be connected to the second part 922 by ultrasonic welding or conductive adhesive bonding. Both sides of the second part 922 can be provided with conductive structures 12 , that is, one second part 922 corresponds to two conductive structures 12 , and accordingly, N second parts 922 correspond to 2N conductive structures 12 .
  • the distance between the Mth second part 922 and the M-1th second part 922 is L1
  • the Mth and M+1th second parts 922 The distance between them is L2, 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.
  • the force exerted by the insulating matrix 91 on both sides of the second part 922 is basically the same, and the second part 922
  • the stress of the electrode assembly 10 is relatively balanced, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the first part 921 and the second part 922, and improving the structural stability of the electrode assembly 10, thereby improving the overcurrent capability and safety performance of the electrode assembly 10.
  • the electrode member 8 is wound multiple times to form an electrode assembly 10 , and the wound electrode assembly 10 includes a straight zone and a turning zone, and the straight zone is parallel to the width of the conductive structure 12 In direction Y, the turning area is located on both sides of the straight area.
  • the first portion 921 includes a connection portion 9211 and a transition portion 9212, the transition portion 9212 is located on both sides of the connection portion 9211, the connection portion 9211 is formed extending along the width direction Y of the conductive structure 12, at least part of the transition portion 9212 is Arc shape; the second portion 922 is disposed on the connecting portion 9211 and extends along the width direction Y of the conductive structure 12 .
  • the second part 922 is arranged on the connecting part 9211, that is, the second part 922 is arranged in the flat area, and the conductive structure 12 connected to the second part 922 is also located in the flat area, and the width direction Y of the conductive structure 12 It is the same as the extending direction of the connecting portion 9211, both in the Y direction.
  • the second part 922 is arranged on the connecting part 9211, which can ensure that the conductive structures 12 connected to the second part 922 can be effectively welded when they are stacked and connected, and the bonding force between adjacent conductive structures 12 is improved, and the adjacent conductive structures 12 The contact area between them increases, which can improve the flow-through capacity.
  • the second part 922 is not arranged on the transition part 9212, which can avoid the problem of stress concentration, prevent the fracture problem of the second part 922 caused by the problem of stress concentration, and improve the reliability of the second part 922; correspondingly, the second part 922
  • the connected conductive structure 12 is also not disposed on the transition portion 9212 , which can effectively prevent the conductive structure 12 from breaking due to stress concentration, thereby improving the reliability of the conductive structure 12 .
  • the connecting portion 9211 includes a first connecting portion 9211a and a second connecting portion 9211b oppositely disposed; On both sides of the axis K, the second portion 922 is disposed on the first connecting portion 9211a and/or the second connecting portion 9211b.
  • the number of the conductive structures 12 connected to the second part 922 is relatively small, which can reduce the The thickness of the stacked multiple conductive structures 12 reduces the space occupied by the conductive structures 12 and increases the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the conductive structure 12 connected to the second part 922 is also arranged on the first connecting part 9211a and the second connecting part 9211b, and the number of the conductive structures 12 is relatively The increase can effectively improve the conductivity of the plurality of conductive structures 12 as a whole.
  • the positive electrode member adopts the electrode member 8 of any one of the above embodiments, which can significantly improve the flow capacity and electrical conductivity of the positive electrode conductive structure.
  • the negative electrode member can adopt the electrode member 8 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, which can also significantly improve the flow capacity and conductivity of the negative electrode conductive structure.
  • one of the positive electrode member and the negative electrode member uses the electrode member 8 , and the other uses a conventional electrode member.
  • the projection of the second portion 922 of the electrode member 8 in the thickness direction Z of the conductive structure 12 at least partially overlaps the projection of the first portion of the conventional electrode member in the thickness direction Z of the conductive structure 12 .
  • the second portion 922 of the electrode member 8 does not significantly increase the height of the electrode assembly 10 , so that the space occupancy rate in the height direction can be improved, which is beneficial to increase the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the projection of the first conductive portion 9221 of the electrode member 8 in the Z direction and the projection of the first part of the conventional electrode member in the Z direction at least partially overlap, or even overlap.
  • the disposition of the first conductive portion 9221 will not increase the height of the electrode assembly 10, which is beneficial to improve the space occupancy rate.
  • the electrode member 8 is arranged in multiple turns, and at least one second portion 922 is arranged on each turn.
  • a second part 922 is provided on each circle, and the second part 922 is connected with the conductive structure 12, which can effectively utilize the storage space of the battery cells.
  • the electrode member 8 is provided with two second parts 922 on each turn thereof, and the two second parts 922 are respectively arranged on both sides of the winding axis K of the electrode member 8
  • Each circle is provided with two second parts 922, and the two second parts 922 are respectively connected to the conductive structures 12, which can increase the number of conductive structures 12 and improve the overall conductivity of the conductive structures 12.
  • the electrode member 8 includes a conductive structure 12 connected to the second part 922, any second part 922 in the N second parts 922 is connected to two conductive structures 12, and the number of conductive structures 12 is set to 2N, Projections of the 2N conductive structures 12 in a direction perpendicular to the winding axis K of the electrode member 8 at least partially overlap. Any two conductive structures 12 are stacked and connected to each other, which can improve the overcurrent capability of the conductive structures 12 .
  • the second portion 922 includes a first conductive portion 9221 and a second conductive portion 9222 , and the first conductive portion 9221 is disposed between the second conductive portion 9222 and the first portion 921 , along the winding direction X, the size of the first conductive portion 9221 is larger than the size of the second conductive portion 9222 .
  • the size of the first conductive part 9221 in the winding direction X is larger than the size of the second conductive part 9222 in the winding direction X, so as to increase the connection area between the first part 921 and the second part 922, thereby increasing the two parts.
  • connection strength of the battery increases the structural stability of the battery cell, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.
  • the thickness of the conductive layer 92 is small, the flow area of the first part 921 and the second part 922 is small, which may cause serious heat generation in this place, seriously reduce the performance of the battery cell, and increase the winding time of the first conductive part 9221.
  • the size of the direction X can increase the flow area of the connection between the first part 921 and the second part 922 of the conductive layer 92, thereby alleviating the heating phenomenon at this place during the use of the battery cell and improving the performance of the battery cell.
  • the conductive structure 12 may be at least partially disposed on the second conductive portion 9222, and the conductive structure 12 and the second conductive portion 9222 may be connected by welding or bonding.
  • the N second parts 922 include N first conductive parts 9221, that is, each second part 922 includes a first conductive part 9221, and the Mth and M-1th first conductive parts 9221 of the N first conductive parts 9221
  • the distance between the conductive parts 9221 is L1
  • the distance between the Mth and M+1th first conductive parts 9221 is L2, where 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.
  • the first conductive part 9221 is used to connect the first part 921 and the second conductive part 9222, that is, the first conductive part 9221 is directly connected to the insulating matrix 91, and when the active material layer 93 shrinks or expands during the charging and discharging process of the battery cell , both sides of the first conductive part 9221 are subjected to the same force by the insulating base 91, and the force on both sides of the first conductive part 9221 is balanced, which can improve the connection stability between the first conductive part 9221 and the first part 921, thereby improving the electrode assembly. 10, so as to further improve the overcurrent capability and safety performance of the electrode assembly 10.
  • the width of the first conductive portion 9221 increases gradually.
  • the change rule of the first conductive part 9221 is convenient for production and processing.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for manufacturing an electrode assembly, including:
  • the electrode body includes an insulating base and a conductive layer disposed on the insulating base, the conductive layer includes a first part and a second part;
  • N second parts along the winding direction, the N second parts are arranged at intervals, and the distance between the Mth and M-1th second parts is L1, and the Mth and M+1th second parts are The distance between the second parts is L2, N and M are both positive integers, 2 ⁇ M ⁇ N-1, 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.
  • the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the examples, or the steps may be performed in a different order than the order mentioned in the examples. , or several steps are executed simultaneously.
  • the steps S100 and S200 are not executed sequentially, and may also be executed simultaneously.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of an electrode assembly manufacturing system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a manufacturing system of an electrode assembly
  • the manufacturing system 1000 includes: a first providing device 100 for providing an electrode body, the electrode body includes an insulating base and is arranged on the surface of the insulating base
  • the conductive layer includes a first part and a second part; the winding device 200 is used to wind the electrode body along the winding direction; wherein, the second part is N, and along the winding direction X, N said first
  • the interval between the two parts is set, and the distance between the Mth and M-1th second parts is L1, the distance between the Mth and M+1th second parts is L2, N and M are both positive integers, 2 ⁇ M ⁇ N-1, 0.95 ⁇ L2/L1 ⁇ 1.05.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电极组件及制造方法和系统、电池单体、电池和用电装置。电极组件包括电极构件，电极构件包括沿卷绕方向卷绕的电极构件；电极构件包括电极本体，电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体的导电层；导电层包括涂覆有活性物质层的第一部分和未涂覆活性物质层的第二部分；第二部分为N个，N个第二部分沿卷绕方向间隔设置；沿卷绕方向，第M个和第M-1个第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分的间距为L2；N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。本申请能够提高电极组件的过流能力和安全性能。

Description

电极组件及制造方法和系统、电池单体、电池和用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年09月27日提交的名称为“电极组件及制造方法和系统、电池单体、电池和用电装置”的中国专利申请202111138978.0的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池生产技术领域，特别是涉及一种电极组件及制造方法和系统、电池单体、电池和用电装置。
背景技术
电池单体广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。电池单体可以包括镉镍电池单体、氢镍电池单体、锂离子电池单体和二次碱性锌锰电池单体等。电池单体包括电极组件，电极组件中发生离子迁移并产生电流后将电流汇集输出。
在电池技术的发展中，如何提高电极组件的性能，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种电极组件及制造方法和系统、电池单体、电池和用电装置，能够提高电极组件的性能。
第一方面，本申请提出了一种电极组件，包括沿卷绕方向卷绕的电极构件；电极构件包括电极本体，电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体的导电层；导电层包括涂覆有活性物质层的第一部分和未涂覆活性物质层的第二部分；第二部分为N个，N个第二部分沿卷绕方向间隔设置；沿卷绕方向，第M个和第M-1个第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分的间距为L2；N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
上述技术方案中，沿卷绕方向，第M个第二部分和第M-1个第二部分之间的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分之间的间距为L2，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05；在电池单体充放电的过程中，活性物质层发生收缩或膨胀时，由于L1和L2的差距较小，绝缘基体给与第二部分两侧的作用力基本相同，第二部分的受力较为均衡，进而能够保证第一部分和第二部分之间的连接稳定性，能够提高电极组件的结构稳定性，并改 善电极组件的过流能力和安全性能。
在一些实施例中，第二部分包括第一导电部和第二导电部，第一导电部设置于第二导电部和第一部分之间，沿卷绕方向，第一导电部的尺寸大于第二导电部的尺寸。在本申请实施例中，第一导电部在卷绕方向的尺寸大于第二导电部在卷绕方向的尺寸，以增加第一部分和第二部分的连接面积，从而增加二者的连接强度，提高电池单体的结构稳定性，进而提高电池单体的可靠性。并且由于导电层的厚度较小，在第一部分和第二部分的过流面积较小，可能导致该处发热严重，严重降低电池单体的性能，而增加第一导电部在卷绕方向的尺寸能够增加导电层在第一部分和第二部分连接处的过流面积，进而缓解电极组件使用过程中在该处的发热现象，从而进一步改善电极组件的过流能力和安全性能。
在一些实施例中，沿卷绕方向，第一导电部的宽度呈梯度增大趋势。在本申请实施例中，第二部分的变化趋势较为规律，利于加工制造。
在一些实施例中，电极构件设置为多圈，第二部分在每一圈上设置为至少一个。本申请实施例在每一圈上均设置第二部分，第二部分连接导电结构，能够有效利用电池单体的容纳空间。
在一些实施例中，电极构件在其每一圈上设置有两个第二部分，两个第二部分分别设置于电极构件的卷绕轴线的两侧。在本申请实施例中，每一圈上设置两个第二部分，第二部分用于连接导电结构，能够有效提高导电结构整体的导电性。
在一些实施例中，电极构件包括连接于第二部分的导电结构，N个第二部分中的任一第二部分连接2个导电结构，导电结构设置为2N个，2N个导电结构在垂直于电极构件的卷绕轴线的方向的投影至少部分重叠。在本申请实施例中，2N个导电结构层叠后相互连接，能够提高导电结构的过流能力。
在一些实施例中，第一部分包括连接部和过渡部，过渡部位于连接部的两侧，连接部沿导电结构的宽度方向延伸形成，过渡部包括的至少部分为弧形；第二部分设置于连接部并沿导电结构的宽度方向延伸。
在本申请实施例中，第二部分设置于连接部，可以保证与第二部分连接的导电结构在层叠设置并连接时，能够有效焊接，提高相邻导电结构之间的结合力，且相邻导电结构相互之间的接触面积增大，能够提高过流能力。
在一些实施例中，连接部包括相对设置的第一连接部和第二连接部；第一连接部和第二连接部分别设置于电极构件的卷绕轴线的两侧，第二部分设置于第一连接部和/或第二连接部。
在本申请实施例中，第二部分设置于第一连接部或第二连接部时，与第二部分连接的导电结构的数量相对较少，能够减小层叠后的多个导电结构厚度，提高电池单体的能量密度。第二部分设置于第一连接部和第二连接部时，与第二部分连接的导电结构也设置于第一连接部和第二连接部，导电结构的数量相对增多，能够有效提高多个导电结构整体的导电性。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体，包括如第一方面任一实施例提供的电极组件和用于容纳电极组件的外壳。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括多个如第二方面的实施例提供的电池单体。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括如第三方面的实施例提供的电池，电池用于提供电能。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件的制造方法，包括：提供电极本体，电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体的导电层，导电层包括第一部分和第二部分；沿卷绕方向卷绕电极本体；其中，第二部分为N个，沿卷绕方向，N个第二部分间隔设置，且第M个和第M-1个第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分的间距为L2，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电极组件的制造系统，包括：第一提供装置，用于提供电极本体，电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体表面的导电层，导电层包括第一部分和第二部分；卷绕装置，用于沿卷绕方向卷绕电极本体；其中，第二部分为N个，沿卷绕方向，N个第二部分间隔设置，且第M个和第M-1个第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分的间距为L2，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一些实施例提供的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3是图2所示的电池模块的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图5是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的断面示意图；
图6是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的电极构件卷绕后的结构示意图；
图7是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的电极构件展开状态下的结构示意图；
图8是图7所示的电极构件沿线A-A作出的剖视示意图；
图9是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的制造方法的流程示意图；
图10是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的制造系统的示意性框图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
图中各附图标记：
1、车辆；2、电池；3、控制器；4、马达；5、箱体；51、第一箱体部；52、第二箱体部；53、容纳空间；6、电池模块；7、电池单体；10、电极组件；11、隔离件；13、集流构件；20、外壳组件；21、壳体；22、盖组件；221、电极端子；223、端盖；
8、电极构件；
9、电极本体；91、绝缘基体；92、导电层；921、第一部分；9211、连接部； 9211a、第一连接部；9211b、第二连接部；9212、过渡部；922、第二部分；9221、第一导电部；9222、第二导电部；
93、活性物质层；
12、导电结构；
1000、制造系统；100、第一提供装置；200、卷绕装置。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成以下几种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解质，电极组件包括第一电极构件、第二电极构件以及位于第一电极构件和第二电极构件之间的隔离件。电极组件由第一电极构件、隔离件和第二电极构件卷绕而成。第一电极构件和第二电极构件的极性相异，示例性地，第一电极构件为正电极构件，相应地，第二电极构件为负电极构件。当然，第一电极构件也可以为负电极构件，相应地，第二电极构件为正电极构件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在第一电极构件和第二电极构件之间移动来工作。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。
正电极构件包括正极电极本体和正极导电结构。正极电极本体为层叠结构，包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体表面上的正极导电层，正极导电层的部分涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极导电结构未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极导电层的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负电极构件包括负极电极本体和负极导电结构。负极电极本体为层叠结构，包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体表面上的负极导电层，负极导电层的部分涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极导电结构未涂覆负极活性物质层。负极导电层的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极导电结构的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极导电结构的数量为多个且层叠在一起。
电池单体还可以包括外壳组件，外壳组件内部具有容纳腔，该容纳腔是外壳组件为电极组件和电解质提供的密闭空间。外壳组件包括壳体和盖组件，壳体为一侧开口的空心结构，盖组件盖合于壳体的开口处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件和电解质的容纳腔。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池单体的安全性能。
发明人发现，电池单体在充放电过程中，电极组件的活性物质层会发生收缩或者膨胀。由于绝缘基体通常采用有机高分子材料制成，因此绝缘基体的延展性较好；导电结构通常采用金属材料制成，其延展性相较于绝缘基体来说较差，导电结构不易延展。由于绝缘基体和导电结构的延展性能存在差异，在活性物质层发生收缩或者膨胀时，绝缘基体将会给与导电结构一定的作用力，当导电结构的两侧受到的作用力不同时，导电结构有可能被撕裂或者绝缘基体产生褶皱，导电结构被撕裂从而导致导电 结构和导电层之间发生至少部分断裂，导电结构较难将电极组件产生的电流引出，电极组件的过流能力较差；而且导电结构被撕裂有可能会刺穿隔离件并将正负极导通，引发安全风险。绝缘基体产生褶皱，将会导致绝缘基体和导电层之间的结合力下降，从而导致电极组件的过流能力下降。
鉴于此，发明人提出了一种技术方案，在该技术方案中，电极组件包括电极构件，电极构件包括电极本体和导电结构，电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体表面的导电层，导电层包括第一部分和从第一部分延伸的第二部分，第一部分涂覆有活性物质层，第二部分未涂覆活性物质层，第二部分连接于导电结构；第二部分设置为N个，电极构件沿卷绕方向卷绕，N个第二部分沿卷绕方向间隔设置；沿卷绕方向，第M个第二部分和第M-1个第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分的间距为L2；其中，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。具有这种结构的电极组件，在电池单体充放电的过程中，第二部分两侧所受到的作用力基本相同，因第二部分和导电结构连接并层叠设置，故导电结构两侧所受到的作用力基本相同，能够有效防止导电结构被撕裂或绝缘基体产生褶皱，电极组件的结构稳定，从而提高电极组件的安全性能和过流能力。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
图1是本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图。如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池2可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池2可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器3和马达4，控制器3用来控制电池2为马达4供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池2不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
图2是本申请一些实施例提供的电池的分解结构示意图。如图2所示，电池2包括箱体5和电池单体(图2未示出)，电池单体容纳于箱体5内。
箱体5用于容纳电池单体，箱体5可以是多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体5可以包括第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52相互盖合，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间53。第二箱体部52可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51为板状结构，第一箱体部51盖合 于第二箱体部52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5；第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52也均可以是一侧开口的空心结构，第一箱体部51的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部52的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间53的箱体5。当然，第一箱体部51和第二箱体部52可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52连接后的密封性，第一箱体部51与第二箱体部52之间也可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部51盖合于第二箱体部52的顶部，第一箱体部51亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部52亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池2中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体5内；当然，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块6，多个电池模块6再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体5内。
图3是图2所示的电池模块的结构示意图。如图3所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体7为多个，多个电池单体7先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块6。多个电池模块6再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
电池模块6中的多个电池单体7之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现电池模块6中的多个电池单体7的并联或串联或混联。
图4是本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的分解结构示意图。如图4所示，本申请实施例提供的电池单体7包括电极组件10和外壳组件20，电极组件10容纳于外壳组件20内。
在一些实施例中，外壳组件20还可用于容纳电解质，例如电解液。外壳组件20可以是多种结构形式。
在一些实施例中，外壳组件20可以包括壳体21和盖组件22，壳体21为一侧开口的空心结构，盖组件22盖合于壳体21的开口处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件10和电解质的容纳腔。
壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的形状可根据电极组件10的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件10为圆柱体结构，则可选用为圆柱体壳体；若电极组件10为长方体结构，则可选用长方体壳体。
在一些实施例中，盖组件22包括端盖223，端盖223盖合于壳体21的开口处。端盖223可以是多种结构，比如，端盖223为板状结构、一端开口的空心结构等。示例性的，在图4中，壳体21为长方体结构，端盖223为板状结构，端盖223盖合于壳体21顶部的开口处。
端盖223可以由绝缘材料(例如塑胶)制成，也可以由导电材料(例如金属)制成。当端盖223由金属材料制成时，盖组件22还可包括绝缘件，绝缘件位于端盖223面向电极组件10的一侧，以将端盖223和电极组件10绝缘隔开。
在一些实施例中，盖组件22还可以包括电极端子221，电极端子221安装于端盖223上。电极端子221为两个，两个电极端子221分别定义为正极电极端子和负极 电极端子，正极电极端子和负极电极端子均用于与电极组件10电连接，以输出电极组件10所产生的电能。
在另一些实施例中，外壳组件20也可以是其他结构，比如，外壳组件20包括壳体21和两个盖组件22，壳体21为相对的两侧开口的空心结构，一个盖组件22对应盖合于壳体21的一个开口处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件10和电解质的容纳腔。在这种结构中，可以一个盖组件22上设有两个电极端子221，而另一个盖组件22上未设置电极端子221，也可以两个盖组件22各设置一个电极端子221。
在电池单体7中，容纳于外壳组件20内的电极组件10可以是一个，也可以是多个。示例性的，在图4中，电极组件10为四个。
电极组件10包括正电极构件、负电极构件和隔离件。电极组件10可以是卷绕式电极组件。正电极构件、负电极构件和隔离件均为带状结构。本申请实施例可以将正电极构件、负电极构件以及负极极片依次层叠并卷绕两圈以上形成电极组件10。
从电极组件10的外形来看，电极组件10包括电极构件8，电极构件8包括电极本体9和连接于电极本体9的导电结构12。示例性地，导电结构12从电极本体9的靠近盖组件22的一端延伸出。
在一些实施例中，导电结构12为两个，两个导电结构12分别定义为正极导电结构和负极导电结构。正极导电结构和负极导电结构可以电极本体9的同一端延伸出，也可以分别从电极本体9的相反的两端延伸出。
电极本体9为电极组件10实现充放电功能的核心部分，导电结构12用于将电极本体9产生的电流引出。电极本体9包括绝缘基体、导电层、活性物质层。
导电结构12用于电连接于电极端子221。导电结构12可以通过焊接等方式直接连接于电极端子，也可以通过其它构件间接地连接于电极端子221。例如，电池单体7还包括集流构件13，集流构件13用于电连接电极端子221和导电结构12。集流构件13为两个，两个集流构件13分别定义为正极集流构件和负极集流构件，正极集流构件用于电连接正极电极端子和正极导电结构，负极集流构件用于电连接负极电极端子和负极导电结构。
在此需要说明的是，上述正电极构件和负电极构件中的至少一者采用下述任一实施例中的电极构件的结构，即可以仅正电极构件或者负电极构件为下述电极构件的结构，也可以二者均为下述电极构件的结构，需要说明的是，当二者均为下述电极构件的结构时，二者的极性相反。示例性地，正电极构件采用下述电极构件的结构，负电极构件为可采用常规电极构件的结构，也可采用下述电极构件的结构。
图5是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的断面示意图。图6是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的电极构件卷绕后的结构示意图。图7是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的电极构件展开状态下的结构示意图；图8是图7所示的电极构件沿线A-A作出的剖视示意图。
如图5至图8所示，在一些实施例中，电极组件10包括沿卷绕方向X卷绕的电极构件8，电极构件8包括电极本体9，电极本体9包括绝缘基体91和设置于绝缘基体91的导电层92，导电层92包括涂覆有活性物质层93的第一部分921和未涂覆有 活性物质层93的第二部分922，第二部分922为N个，N个第二部分922沿卷绕方向X间隔设置；沿卷绕方向X，第M个第二部分922和第M-1个第二部分922的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分922的间距为L2；其中，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
图5至图8中所示的X方向表示电极构件8的卷绕方向，卷绕方向X表示由内向外卷绕的方向，Y方向表示导电结构12的宽度方向，K表示电极构件8的卷绕轴线，Z方向表示垂直于电极构件8的卷绕轴线的方向。
电极组件10为卷绕式电极组件，电极组件10包括电极构件8和与电极构件8相反极性的电极构件以及隔离件11，二种电极构件通过隔离件11隔离，并卷绕两圈以上形成电极组件10。
电极构件8包括电极本体9和导电结构12，电极本体9为电极组件10实现充放电功能的核心部分，导电结构12用于将电极本体9产生的电流引出。
绝缘基体91的材料包括高分子材料及高分子基复合材料中的一种或多种。高分子基复合材料包括高分子材料和添加剂，添加剂为无机非金属材料和金属材料中的至少一种。高分子材料包括但不限于聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯和聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯中的至少一种。无机非金属材料包括碳基材料、氧化铝、二氧化硅、氮化硅、碳化硅、氮化硼、硅酸盐及氧化钛中的一种或多种。金属材料包括镁、钙、锶、铅、锌、锡、锑、铋、银和钌中的一种或多种。
导电层92可以仅设置于绝缘基体91的单侧，也可以设置于绝缘基体91的两侧。导电层92可以通过机械辊轧、粘结、气相沉积法(vapordeposition)、化学镀(Electroless plating)、电镀(Electroplating)中的至少一种手段形成于绝缘基体91上，其中可选气相沉积法或电镀法，即导电层92可选为气相沉积层或电镀层，这样可以更好地实现导电层92与绝缘基体91之间的紧密结合，有效地发挥绝缘基体91对导电层92的支撑及保护作用。
导电结构12和第二部分922之间可以采用焊接或者粘接方式连接，例如导电结构12可以采用超声波焊接或导电胶粘接方式连接于第二部分922。第二部分922的两侧均可以设置导电结构12，即一个第二部分922对应两个导电结构12，相应地，N个第二部分922对应2N个导电结构12。
在本申请实施例中，沿卷绕方向X，第M个第二部分922和第M-1个第二部分922之间的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分922之间的间距为L2，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。在电池单体充放电的过程中，活性物质层93发生收缩或膨胀时，由于L1和L2的差距较小，绝缘基体91给与第二部分922两侧的作用力基本相同，第二部分922的受力较为均衡，进而能够保证第一部分921和第二部分922之间的连接稳定性，能够提高电极组件10的结构稳定性，从而改善电极组件10的过流能力和安全性能。
如图5所示，在本申请实施例中，电极构件8卷绕多圈形成电极组件10，卷绕后的电极组件10包括平直区和转弯区，平直区平行于导电结构12的宽度方向Y，转弯区位于平直区的两侧。
在一些实施例中，第一部分921包括连接部9211和过渡部9212，过渡部9212位于连接部9211的两侧，连接部9211沿导电结构12的宽度方向Y延伸形成，过渡部9212的至少部分为弧形；第二部分922设置于连接部9211并沿导电结构12的宽度方向Y延伸。
本申请实施例将第二部分922设置于连接部9211，即第二部分922设置于平直区，则与第二部分922连接的导电结构12也位于平直区，导电结构12的宽度方向Y和连接部9211的延伸方向相同，均为Y方向。
第二部分922设置于连接部9211，可以保证与第二部分922连接的导电结构12在层叠设置并连接时能够有效焊接，提高相邻导电结构12之间的结合力，且相邻导电结构12相互之间的接触面积增大，能够提高过流能力。第二部分922并未设置于过渡部9212，可以避免应力集中问题，防止第二部分922因应力集中问题而导致的断裂问题，提高第二部分922的可靠性；相应地，与第二部分922连接的导电结构12也并未设置于过渡部9212，能够有效防止导电结构12因应力集中问题而发生断裂等问题，从而提高导电结构12的可靠性。
请继续参阅图5，在一些实施例中，连接部9211包括相对设置的第一连接部9211a和第二连接部9211b；第一连接部9211a和第二连接部9211b分别设置于电极构件8的卷轴轴线K的两侧，第二部分922设置于第一连接部9211a和/或第二连接部9211b。
在保证导电结构12过流能力的情况下，第二部分922设置于第一连接部9211a或第二连接部9211b时，与第二部分922连接的导电结构12的数量相对较少，能够减小层叠后的多个导电结构12厚度，从而减小导电结构12占用的空间，提高电池单体的能量密度。
第二部分922设置于第一连接部9211a和第二连接部9211b时，与第二部分922连接的导电结构12也设置于第一连接部9211a和第二连接部9211b，导电结构12的数量相对增多，能够有效提高多个导电结构12整体的导电性。
在一些实施例中，正电极构件采用上述任一实施例的电极构件8，可以显著的提高正极导电结构的过流能力和导电性能。当然，负电极构件可以采用上述任一实施例的电极构件8，也可显著的提高负极导电结构的过流能力和导电性能。
请继续参阅图5，在一些实施例中，正电极构件和负电极构件中的其中一者采用电极构件8，另一者采用常规电极构件。电极构件8的第二部分922在导电结构12的厚度方向Z上的投影和常规电极构件的第一部分在导电结构12的厚度方向Z上的投影至少部分重叠。电极构件8的第二部分922不会明显提升电极组件10的高度，从而可以提高高度方向的空间占用率，有利于提高电池单体的能量密度。示例性地，电极构件8的第一导电部9221在Z方向上的投影和常规电极构件的第一部分在Z方向上的投影至少部分重叠，甚至重叠。第一导电部9221的设置不会增加电极组件10的高度，从而有利于提高空间占用率。
如图6所示，在一些实施例中，电极构件8设置为多圈，第二部分922在每一圈上设置为至少一个。本申请实施例在每一圈上均设置第二部分922，第二部分922连 接有导电结构12，能够有效利用电池单体的容纳空间。
请继续参阅图6，在一些实施例中，电极构件8在其每一圈上设置有两个第二部分922，两个第二部分922分别设置于电极构件8的卷绕轴线K的两侧，每一圈上设置2个第二部分922，2个第二部分922分别连接导电结构12，能够增加导电结构12的数量，提高导电结构12整体的导电性能。
在一些实施例中，电极构件8包括连接于第二部分922的导电结构12，N个第二部分922中的任意一个第二部分922连接2个导电结构12，导电结构12设置为2N个，2N个导电结构12在垂直于电极构件8的卷绕轴线K的方向的投影至少部分重叠。任意两个导电结构12层叠后相互连接，能够提高导电结构12的过流能力。
如图7和图8所示，在一些实施例中，第二部分922包括第一导电部9221和第二导电部9222，第一导电部9221设置于第二导电部9222和第一部分921之间，沿卷绕方向X，第一导电部9221的尺寸大于第二导电部9222的尺寸。在本申请实施例中，第一导电部9221在卷绕方向X的尺寸大于第二导电部9222在卷绕方向X的尺寸，以增加第一部分921和第二部分922的连接面积，从而增加二者的连接强度，提高电池单体的结构稳定性，进而提高电池单体的可靠性。并且由于导电层92的厚度较小，第一部分921和第二部分922的过流面积较小，可能导致该处发热严重，严重降低电池单体的性能，而增加第一导电部9221在卷绕方向X的尺寸能够增加导电层92在第一部分921和第二部分922连接处的过流面积，进而缓解电池单体使用过程中在该处的发热现象，提高电池单体的性能。
在本申请实施例中，导电结构12可以至少部分设置于第二导电部9222，导电结构12与第二导电部9222可以通过焊接或者粘接连接。
N个第二部分922包括N个第一导电部9221，即每个第二部分922包括一个第一导电部9221，N个第一导电部9221中的第M个和第M-1个第一导电部9221之间的间距即为L1，第M个和第M+1个第一导电部9221之间的间距即为L2，其中，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。第一导电部9221用于连接第一部分921和第二导电部9222，即第一导电部9221和绝缘基体91直接连接，在电池单体充放电的过程中，活性物质层93发生收缩或者膨胀时，第一导电部9221两侧受到绝缘基体91的作用力基本相同，第一导电部9221的两侧受力均衡，能够提高第一导电部9221和第一部分921的连接稳定性，进而提高电极组件10的结构稳定性，从而进一步改善电极组件10的过流能力和安全性能。
在一些实施例中，沿卷绕方向X，第一导电部9221的宽度呈梯度增大趋势。第一导电部9221的变化规律，利于生产加工。
图9是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的制造方法的流程示意图。
如图9所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种电极组件的制造方法，包括：
S100，提供电极本体，电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体的导电层，导电层包括第一部分和第二部分；
S200，沿卷绕方向卷绕电极本体；
其中，第二部分为N个，沿卷绕方向，N个所述第二部分间隔设置，且第M 个和第M-1个第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分的间距为L2，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
需要说明的是，通过上述电极组件的制造方法制造出的电极组件的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电极组件。
在基于上述的电极组件的制造方法组装电极组件时，不必按照上述步骤依次进行，也就是说，可以按照实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，也可以不同于实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，或者若干步骤同时执行。例如，步骤S100、S200的执行不分先后，也可以同时进行。
图10是本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的制造系统的示意性框图。
如图10所示，本申请实施例还提供了一种电极组件的制造系统，该制造系统1000包括：第一提供装置100，用于提供电极本体，电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于绝缘基体表面的导电层，导电层包括第一部分和第二部分；卷绕装置200，用于沿卷绕方向卷绕电极本体；其中，第二部分为N个，沿卷绕方向X，N个所述第二部分间隔设置，且第M个和第M-1个第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个第二部分的间距为L2，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
通过上述制造系统制造出的电极组件的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电极组件。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件，尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电极组件，包括沿卷绕方向卷绕的电极构件；所述电极构件包括电极本体，所述电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于所述绝缘基体的导电层；所述导电层包括涂覆有活性物质层的第一部分和未涂覆所述活性物质层的第二部分；
    所述第二部分为N个，N个所述第二部分沿所述卷绕方向间隔设置；
    沿所述卷绕方向，第M个和第M-1个所述第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个所述第二部分的间距为L2；
    N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第二部分包括第一导电部和第二导电部，所述第一导电部设置于所述第二导电部和所述第一部分之间，沿所述卷绕方向，所述第一导电部的尺寸大于所述第二导电部的尺寸。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电极组件，其中，沿所述卷绕方向，所述第一导电部的尺寸呈梯度增大趋势。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电极组件，其中，所述电极构件设置为多圈，所述第二部分在每一圈上设置为至少一个。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述电极构件在其每一圈上设置有两个所述第二部分，两个所述第二部分分别设置于所述电极构件的卷绕轴线的两侧。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述电极构件包括连接于所述第二部分的导电结构，N个所述第二部分中的任一所述第二部分连接2个所述导电结构，所述导电结构设置为2N个，2N个所述导电结构在垂直于所述电极构件的卷绕轴线的方向的投影至少部分重叠。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述第一部分包括连接部和过渡部，所述过渡部位于所述连接部的两侧，所述连接部沿所述导电结构的宽度方向延伸形成，所述过渡部的至少部分为弧形；
    所述第二部分设置于所述连接部并沿所述导电结构的宽度方向延伸。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电极组件，其中，
    所述连接部包括相对设置的第一连接部和第二连接部，所述第一连接部和所述第二连接部分别设置于所述电极构件的卷绕轴线的两侧；
    所述第二部分设置于所述第一连接部和/或所述第二连接部。
  9. 一种电池单体，包括如权利要求1至8任一项所述的电极组件和用于容纳所述电极组件的外壳。
  10. 一种电池，包括多个如权利要求9所述的电池单体。
  11. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求10所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
  12. 一种电极组件的制造方法，包括：
    提供电极本体，所述电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于所述绝缘基体的导电层，所 述导电层包括第一部分和第二部分；
    沿卷绕方向卷绕所述电极本体；
    其中，所述第二部分为N个，沿所述卷绕方向，N个所述第二部分间隔设置，且第M个和第M-1个所述第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个所述第二部分的间距为L2，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
  13. 一种电极组件的制造系统，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供电极本体，所述电极本体包括绝缘基体和设置于所述绝缘基体表面的导电层，所述导电层包括第一部分和第二部分；
    卷绕装置，用于沿卷绕方向卷绕所述电极本体；
    其中，所述第二部分为N个，沿所述卷绕方向，N个所述第二部分间隔设置，且第M个和第M-1个所述第二部分的间距为L1，第M个和第M+1个所述第二部分的间距为L2，N、M均为正整数，2≤M≤N-1，0.95＜L2/L1＜1.05。
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