WO2023050390A1 - 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023050390A1
WO2023050390A1 PCT/CN2021/122381 CN2021122381W WO2023050390A1 WO 2023050390 A1 WO2023050390 A1 WO 2023050390A1 CN 2021122381 W CN2021122381 W CN 2021122381W WO 2023050390 A1 WO2023050390 A1 WO 2023050390A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
current collecting
collecting member
battery cell
end cap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/122381
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
柴志生
方堃
迟庆魁
孙东升
谷慧
郭志君
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202180089880.2A priority Critical patent/CN116724459B/zh
Priority to EP21958961.1A priority patent/EP4231434B1/en
Priority to KR1020237011764A priority patent/KR102960852B1/ko
Priority to JP2023520509A priority patent/JP7669483B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2021/122381 priority patent/WO2023050390A1/zh
Publication of WO2023050390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023050390A1/zh
Priority to US18/320,401 priority patent/US20230291040A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04Construction or manufacture in general
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543Terminals
    • H01M50/552Terminals characterised by their shape
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543Terminals
    • H01M50/564Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H01M50/566Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for manufacturing the battery cell.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a manufacturing method and device for the battery cell, which can effectively improve the service life of the battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including: a casing with an opening; an electrode assembly with tabs, the electrode assembly is used to be accommodated in the casing; an end cap is used to cover on the opening; the current collecting member is used to connect the end cover and the tab to realize the electrical connection between the end cover and the tab; wherein, the current collecting member is welded to the tab And form a first welded part and a second welded part, the current collecting member is welded with the end cap to form a third welded part, the first welded part is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welded part, the The second welding portion is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding portion.
  • the current collecting member is welded to the tab to form a first welding portion and the second welding portion
  • the current collecting member is welded to the end cap to form a third welding portion
  • the first welding portion and the second welding portion are respectively located at the The inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the three welding parts, so that the electrons in the inner ring part of the electrode assembly can move along the path of the tab, the first welding part, the current collecting member, the third welding part and the end cap, and the outer ring part of the electrode assembly
  • the electrons in the electrode assembly can move along the path of the tab, the second welding part, the current collecting member, the third welding part and the end cap.
  • the internal resistance of the monomer can effectively improve the life of the battery monomer.
  • the current collecting member includes: a body portion for abutting against and welding the lug to form the first welded portion and the second welded portion; a convex portion formed from the body The outer surface of the part protrudes along the direction facing the end cap, and the protruding part is used to abut and weld with the end cap to form the third welding part.
  • the main body is the part where the current collecting member is welded to the tab
  • the convex part is the part where the current collecting member is welded to the end cap
  • the convex part of the current collecting member protrudes from the outer surface of the main body along the direction facing the end cap. It can be seen that the contact between the convex part and the end cover can ensure good contact, which is convenient for welding the end cover and the current collecting member.
  • the body part includes: a first connecting part connected to the convex part and located on the inner peripheral side of the convex part, the first connecting part is used to abut and weld the tab , to form a first welding portion; a second connecting portion, connected to the convex portion and located on the outer peripheral side of the convex portion, the second connecting portion is used to abut and weld with the tab to form the Second weld.
  • the first connecting portion of the main body is located on the inner peripheral side of the convex portion
  • the second connecting portion of the main body is located on the outer peripheral side of the convex portion
  • the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are separated by the convex portion, so that the entire
  • the current collecting member forms three welding areas with clear boundaries.
  • the three welding areas are respectively the areas corresponding to the first connecting part, the convex part and the second connecting part of the current collecting member.
  • the first connecting part is welded to the tab
  • the second Welding of the second connection part and the tab and welding of the end cover and the convex part can ensure that the first welding part and the second welding part are respectively located on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the third welding part, which can improve the current collecting member and the tab and The welding efficiency of the end cover and the current collecting member is improved, and the productivity is improved.
  • the outer surface of the first connecting portion and the inner peripheral surface of the convex portion jointly define a first avoidance portion, and the first avoidance portion is used to avoid the first welding portion;
  • the outer surface of the second connecting portion and the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion jointly define a second escape portion, and the second escape portion is used to avoid the second welding portion.
  • the outer surface of the first connecting portion and the inner peripheral surface of the convex portion jointly define a first avoidance portion for avoiding the first welding portion, so as to ensure good contact between the convex portion and the end cap.
  • the outer surface of the second connecting portion and the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion jointly define a second escape portion for avoiding the second welding portion, so as to ensure good contact between the convex portion and the end cover.
  • the position of the current collecting member corresponding to the protrusion is formed with a recess, and the recess is recessed from the inner surface of the body part along the direction facing the end cap;
  • the protrusion has The first abutting surface is used to abut against the end cover, the convex part has a third connecting part between the first abutting surface and the bottom surface of the concave part, and the third connecting part is used for connecting with the The end cap is welded to form the third welded portion.
  • the setting of the recessed part of the current collecting member can reduce the weight of the current collecting member and save material on the one hand, and on the other hand, the recessed part can avoid the third welding part, reducing the need for welding the end cover and the convex part. The welded position of the current collecting member and the tab is affected.
  • the recess is an annular groove.
  • the recess is an annular groove, which has a simple structure and is easy to form and manufacture.
  • the end cap and the convex portion can be welded along the circumferential direction of the concave portion, so as to improve the firmness of the end cap and the current collecting member after welding.
  • the protrusion is a ring structure.
  • the convex portion has an annular structure, and any position in the circumferential direction of the convex portion can be welded to the end cover, which reduces the difficulty of welding.
  • the end cover and the protrusion may also be welded along the circumferential direction of the protrusion to improve the firmness of the end cover and the current collecting member after welding.
  • the end cover has a second abutment surface, and the current collecting member abuts against the second abutment surface and is welded with the end cover to form the third welded portion;
  • the end cover is provided with a third relief portion and a fourth relief portion that are recessed from the second abutting surface in a direction away from the current collecting member, and the third relief portion is used to avoid the first welding portion , the fourth escape portion is used to avoid the second welding portion.
  • the end cover is provided with a third escape portion and a fourth avoidance portion that are recessed from the second abutment surface in a direction away from the current collecting member, and the third escape portion and the fourth escape portion can respectively avoid the first welding part and the second welding part to ensure good contact between the second abutment surface and the current collecting member.
  • the third escape portion and the fourth escape portion are disposed on the end cover, which can simplify the structure of the current collecting member.
  • the current collecting member is a flat plate structure.
  • the current collecting member is a flat plate structure, which is simple in structure and easy to form and manufacture.
  • the end cover includes: a cover body for covering the opening; a terminal portion protruding from the outer surface of the cover body in a direction away from the electrode assembly; the third The welding part is located on the outer peripheral side of the terminal part, and in the thickness direction of the end cover, the projected part or all of the terminal part covers the first welding part.
  • the terminal portion of the end cover is used to connect with other components to output the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the third welding part is located on the outer peripheral side of the terminal part, and the thickness of the welded part of the end cover and the current collecting member is relatively thin, so as to ensure the firmness of the end cover and the current collecting member after welding.
  • the projection of the terminal part in the thickness direction of the end cover partly or completely covers the first welding part, so that the radial dimension of the terminal part is relatively large, which is convenient for connecting with other components to output electric energy.
  • the end cover is provided with a welding groove, and the end cover is formed with a fourth connection part at the bottom of the welding groove, and the fourth connection part is used for welding with the current collecting member, to form the third welding portion.
  • the setting of the welding groove on the end cover reduces the thickness of the part of the end cover used for welding with the current collecting member on the one hand, increases the depth of the part where the third welding part is located in the current collecting member, and improves the connection between the end cover and the collecting member.
  • the position of the welding groove is the position where the end cover and the current collecting component are welded.
  • the first welding portion is an annular structure; or, the first welding portion includes a plurality of first welding sections spaced along the circumferential direction, and the first welding sections are configured to connect the A current collecting member and the tab.
  • the first welding part has an annular structure, so that the current collecting member and the lug have good firmness after welding, and have a larger flow area.
  • the first welding part includes a plurality of first welding sections distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the current collecting member and the tab are welded at multiple positions in the circumferential direction to form a first welding section at each position, which ensures that the current collecting member After being welded with the tab, it has good firmness, and can improve the welding efficiency of the current collecting member and the tab.
  • the second welding portion is an annular structure; or, the second welding portion includes a plurality of second welding sections spaced along the circumferential direction, and the second welding sections are configured to connect the A current collecting member and the tab.
  • the second welding part has an annular structure, so that the current collecting member and the tab have good firmness after welding, and have a larger flow area.
  • the second welding part includes a plurality of second welding sections distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction. The current collecting member and the tab are welded at multiple positions in the circumferential direction to form a corresponding second welding section at each position, which ensures that the current collecting member After being welded with the tab, it has good firmness, and can improve the welding efficiency of the current collecting member and the tab.
  • the third welding portion is an annular structure; or, the third welding portion includes a plurality of third welding sections spaced along the circumferential direction, and the third welding sections are configured to connect the current collecting member and the end cap.
  • the third welding portion has an annular structure, so that the end cover and the current collecting member have good firmness after welding and have a large flow area.
  • the third welding part includes a plurality of third welding sections distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the end cover and the current collecting member are welded at multiple positions in the circumferential direction to form a third welding section at each position, which ensures that the end cover and the current collecting member are welded in multiple positions.
  • the current collecting component has good firmness after welding, and the welding efficiency between the end cover and the current collecting component can be improved.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell provided in any one embodiment of the first aspect; and a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an electric device, including the battery provided in any one embodiment of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell, the method comprising: providing a casing having an opening; providing an electrode assembly having tabs; providing an end cap; and providing a current collecting member ; welding the current collecting member and the tab to form a first welding portion and a second welding portion; housing the electrode assembly in the case; closing the end cap on the opening; Welding the end cap and the current collecting member to form a third welded portion; wherein the first welded portion is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welded portion, and the second welded portion is located on the inner peripheral side of the first welded portion 3. The outer peripheral side of the welded portion.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a manufacturing equipment for a battery cell, the manufacturing equipment comprising: a first providing device for providing a casing having an opening; a second providing device for providing an electrode assembly, and The electrode assembly has a tab; the third providing device is used for providing the end cap; the fourth providing device is used for providing the current collecting member; the assembly device is used for welding the current collecting member and the tab to form The first welding part and the second welding part; are also used to accommodate the electrode assembly in the casing; are also used to cover the end cover on the opening; and are also used to connect the end cover to the
  • the current collecting member is welded to form a third welded portion; wherein, the first welded portion is located on an inner peripheral side of the third welded portion, and the second welded portion is located on an outer peripheral side of the third welded portion.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 provides a distribution diagram of the first welding part, the second welding part and the third welding part for some embodiments of the present application;
  • Fig. 7 provides distribution diagrams of the first welding part, the second welding part and the third welding part for other embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a manufacturing device for a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-shell; 22-electrode assembly; 221-tab; 23-end cover; 231-second abut Surface; 232-third avoidance part; 233-fourth avoidance part; 234-cover body; 235-terminal part; 236-welding groove; 237-fourth connection part; - the first connecting part; 2412 - the second connecting part; 242 - the convex part; 2421 - the first abutment surface; 2422 - the third connecting part; ; 25-the first welding section; 251-the first welding section; 26-the second welding section; 261-the second welding section; 27-the third welding section; 300-motor; 1000-vehicle; 2000-manufacturing equipment; 2100-first providing device; 2200-second providing device; 2300-third providing device; 2400-fourth providing device; thickness direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the inventors found that, for a general battery cell, the battery cell tends to generate heat during the charging and discharging cycle, which affects the life of the battery cell.
  • the inventor further researched and found that in the battery cell, the end cap is directly welded to the tab so as to output electric energy through the end cap.
  • the welding part formed by welding the end cap and the tab (the part where the end cap and the tab are welded to form a welding mark) is far away from the center of the electrode assembly, so that the electrons in the inner ring of the electrode assembly pass through the welding
  • the movement path from the center part to the end cap is relatively large, and the movement path from the electrode of the outer ring part of the electrode assembly to the end cap through the welding part is relatively small, which increases the internal resistance of the battery cell and causes polarization, which leads to the failure of the battery cell
  • a large amount of heat is generated during charging and discharging, which affects the life of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell.
  • the end cap and the tab are connected through a current collecting member to realize the electrical connection between the end cap and the tab, and the current collecting member is welded to the tab to form a first welding portion and a tab.
  • the second welding part, the current collecting member and the end cap are welded to form a third welding part, the first welding part is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welding part, and the second welding part is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding part, so that the inside of the electrode assembly
  • the electrons in the ring part can move along the path of the tab, the first welding part, the current collecting member, the third welding part and the end cap, and the electrons in the outer ring part of the electrode assembly can move along the path of the tab, the second welding part, the current collecting part.
  • the path movement of the component, the third welding part and the end cap can homogenize the movement path of the electrons in the inner ring part of the electrode assembly and the electrons in the outer ring part, reduce the internal resistance of the battery cell, and effectively improve the life of the battery cell.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 provides an accommodation space for the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other to define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the first part 11 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 12 can also be a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the open side of the second part 12 is covered with the open side of the first part 11 to form a box with accommodating space.
  • first part 11 is a hollow structure with one side open
  • second part 12 is a plate-like structure
  • the second part 12 covers the open side of the first part 11 to form a box body 10 with a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in the box 10 . It is also possible that all the battery cells 20 are directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then all the battery cells 20 are housed in the case 10 as a whole.
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component, through which the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected, so as to realize series connection, parallel connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the bus component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap 23 and a current collecting member 24 .
  • the casing 21 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 22.
  • the casing 21 may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, or a hollow structure with openings at opposite ends. If the housing 21 is a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end, there can be one end cover 23, and the end cover 23 is correspondingly covered with the opening of the housing 21; if the housing 21 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends, the end There can be two covers 23 , and the two end covers 23 respectively cover the openings at both ends of the casing 21 .
  • the housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy and so on.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on. Exemplarily, in FIG. 3 , the casing 21 is a cylinder, and the casing 21 is a hollow structure with openings formed at both ends.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a part where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may be a coiled structure formed by winding a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece, or a laminated structure formed by stacking a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece.
  • the electrode assembly 22 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on. If the casing 21 is a cylinder, the electrode assembly 22 may be a cylinder; if the casing 21 is a cuboid, the electrode assembly 22 may be a cuboid.
  • the positive electrode sheet may include a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the positive electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the electrode assembly 22 includes a tab 221.
  • the tab 221 is divided into a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the positive tab can be the part of the positive pole piece that is not coated with the positive active material layer
  • the negative pole tab can be the part that is not coated on the negative pole piece. part of the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the end cap 23 is a component that covers the opening of the casing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the end cap 23 covers the opening of the housing 21, and the shape of the end cap 23 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a cuboid structure, and the end cap 23 is a rectangle that is compatible with the housing 21.
  • the shell 21 is a cylindrical structure, and the end cap 23 is a circular plate-shaped structure suitable for the shell 21 .
  • the material of the end cover 23 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the material of the end cover 23 and the material of the shell 21 can be the same or different. In the embodiment where there are two end caps 23 in the battery cell 20 , the materials of the two end caps 23 may be the same or different.
  • the end cover 23 and the housing 21 can be connected in a sealed manner through a seal.
  • the end cover 23 can be isolated from the housing 21 by the sealing member, and the end cover 23 and the housing 21 can be insulated while achieving sealing between the end cover 23 and the housing 21 .
  • the sealing member can be made of plastic, rubber or the like.
  • the current collecting member 24 is a component for realizing the electrical connection between the end cover 23 and the tab 221 .
  • the current collecting member 24 may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, and the like. In the embodiment where there are two current collecting members 24 of the battery cell 20 , the materials and structures of the two current collecting members 24 may be the same or different.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20, which includes a casing 21, an electrode assembly 22, an end cap 23 and a collector. flow member 24 .
  • the casing 21 has an opening
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 221
  • the electrode assembly 22 is used to be accommodated in the casing 21
  • the end cap 23 is used to cover the opening
  • the current collecting member 24 is used to connect the end cap 23 and the tab 221 , so as to realize the electrical connection between the end cover 23 and the tab 221 .
  • the current collecting member 24 is welded with the tab 221 to form a first welding portion 25 and a second welding portion 26, the current collecting member 24 is welded with the end cover 23 to form a third welding portion 27, and the first welding portion 25 is located at the third On the inner peripheral side of the welding portion 27 , the second welding portion 26 is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding portion 27 .
  • the current collecting member 24 is used to connect the end cover 23 and the tab 221 to realize the electrical connection between the end cover 23 and the tab 221. It is connected with the negative electrode tab through the current collecting member 24 .
  • the current collecting member 24 is welded to the tab 221 to form a first welding portion 25 and a second welding portion 26, and both the first welding portion 25 and the second welding portion 26 are parts where the current collecting member 24 is welded to the tab 221 to form a welding mark. Both the first welding portion 25 and the second welding portion 26 serve to connect the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 .
  • the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 can be welded by various welding methods. For example, the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 are welded by penetration welding, which can be done on the outside of the current collecting member 24 (the current collecting member 24 deviates from One side of the tab) is welded to weld the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 together.
  • the current collecting member 24 is welded to the end cover 23 to form a third welding portion 27, the third welding portion 27 is the part where the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 are welded to form a welding mark, and the third welding portion 27 serves to connect the current collecting member 24 With the role of end cap 23.
  • the current collecting member 24 and the end cover 23 can be welded by various welding methods. For example, the current collecting member 24 and the end cover 23 are welded by penetration welding, which can be done on the outside of the end cover 23 (the end cover 23 is away from the current collecting One side of the member) is welded to weld the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 together.
  • the first welding portion 25 is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welding portion 27, that is, the third welding portion 27 is located outside the first welding portion 25 in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, which can also be understood as the third welding portion 27.
  • the welding portion 27 is located outside the outer peripheral surface of the first welding portion 25; the second welding portion 26 is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding portion 27, that is, the second welding portion 26 is located on the third side in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23.
  • the outer side of the welding portion 27 can also be understood as that the second welding portion 26 is located outside the outer peripheral surface of the third welding portion 27 .
  • the first welded portion 25 , the third welded portion 27 and the second welded portion 26 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.
  • the first welding portion 25 , the second welding portion 26 and the third welding portion 27 can be arranged coaxially or eccentrically.
  • the first welded portion 25 is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welded portion 27, the internal and external relationship between the first welded portion 25 and the third welded portion 27 is defined here, and the relationship between the first welded portion 25 and the third welded portion is not limited.
  • the welding portion 27 has a positional relationship in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23 , that is, there may or may not be a distance between the first welding portion 25 and the third welding portion 27 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23 .
  • the second welded portion 26 is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welded portion 27, which defines the internal and external relationship between the second welded portion 26 and the third welded portion 27, and does not limit the relationship between the second welded portion 26 and the third welded portion 27.
  • the positional relationship in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 that is, there may or may not be a distance between the second welding portion 26 and the third welding portion 27 in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 .
  • the first welding portion 25 can be a closed structure extending in the circumferential direction and connected end to end, for example, the first welding portion 25 is an annular structure; the first welding portion 25 can also be a non-closed structure extending in the circumferential direction and having a distance from the end to the end.
  • the structure, for example, the first welding portion 25 is a semi-ring structure; of course, the first welding portion 25 can also be divided into multiple sections spaced along the circumferential direction.
  • the second welding portion 26 can be a closed structure extending in the circumferential direction and connected end to end, for example, the second welding portion 26 is an annular structure; the second welding portion 26 can also be an unclosed structure extending in the circumferential direction and having a distance from the end to the end.
  • the structure, for example, the second welding portion 26 is a semi-ring structure; of course, the second welding portion 26 can also be divided into multiple sections spaced along the circumferential direction.
  • the third welding portion 27 can be a closed structure extending in the circumferential direction and connected end to end, for example, the third welding portion 27 is an annular structure; the third welding portion 27 can also be an unclosed structure extending in the circumferential direction and having a distance from the end to the end.
  • the structure, for example, the third welding portion 27 is a semi-ring structure; of course, the third welding portion 27 can also be divided into multiple sections spaced along the circumferential direction.
  • the second welded portion 26 located on the outer peripheral side of the third welded portion 27 may have one turn or multiple turns.
  • the number of first welded portions 25 located on the inner peripheral side of the third welded portion 27 may be one turn or multiple turns.
  • the tab 221 is connected to the end cap 23 through the current collecting member 24, and the current collecting member 24 is welded to the tab 221 to form a first welding portion 25 and a second welding portion 26.
  • the end cap 23 is welded to form a third welding portion 27, and the first welding portion 25 and the second welding portion 26 are located on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the third welding portion 27 respectively, so that electrons in the inner ring portion of the electrode assembly 22 can flow along the The path of the tab 221, the first welding part 25, the current collecting member 24, the third welding part 27 and the end cover 23 moves, and the electrons in the outer ring part of the electrode assembly 22 can move along the tab 221, the second welding part 26, the collecting part
  • the paths of the flow member 24, the third welding portion 27 and the end cap 23 move, so that the movement path of the electrons in the inner ring part of the electrode assembly 22 is basically the same as the movement path of the electrons in the outer ring part.
  • the movement path of the electrons and the electrons in the outer ring reduces
  • both the first welded portion 25 and the second welded portion 26 can flow through, increasing the flow-through capacity, Meet the needs of large rate overcurrent. Since the first welded portion 25 and the second welded portion 26 are respectively located on the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the third welded portion 27, the first welded portion 25, the second welded portion 26 and the third welded portion 27 are located at the end cover 23. There is no overlapping in the thickness direction Z, which reduces the risk of weak welding between the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 due to the overlapping of the third welding portion 27 with the first welding portion 25 or the second welding portion 26 .
  • the welding part formed by welding the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 is basically located on the same circumference as the welding part formed by welding the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24.
  • the welding part formed by welding the tab 221 and the welding part formed by welding the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 overlap in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23.
  • alignment welding is required. position, so as to ensure that the welding part formed by welding the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 is staggered in the circumferential direction from the welding part formed by welding the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221, and the welding efficiency is low.
  • the first welding part 25 is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welding part 27, and the second welding part 26 is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding part 27, in the actual welding process
  • the end cap 23 and the When the current collecting member 24 is welded a third welding portion 27 located on the outer peripheral side of the first welding portion 25 and on the inner peripheral side of the second welding portion 26 can be formed, thereby improving the welding efficiency of the end cap 23 and the current collecting member 24, Thereby improving production efficiency.
  • the current collecting member 24 includes a body portion 241 and a protrusion portion 242 .
  • the body portion 241 is used to abut against and weld the tab 221 to form the first welding portion 25 and the second welding portion 26 .
  • the convex portion 242 protrudes from the outer surface of the main body portion 241 in a direction facing the end cap 23 , and the convex portion 242 is used to abut and weld the end cap 23 to form the third welding portion 27 .
  • the outer surface of the body portion 241 refers to the surface of the body portion 241 away from the tab 221 .
  • the body portion 241 also has an inner surface, and the inner surface of the body portion 241 refers to the surface in contact with the tab 221 .
  • the body part 241 may be a plate-like structure.
  • the convex portion 242 protrudes from the outer surface of the main body portion 241 in a direction facing the end cap 23 , in other words, in the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 , the convex portion 242 extends from the outer surface of the main body portion 241 toward the end cap 23 .
  • the body part 241 is the part where the current collecting member 24 is welded to the tab 221
  • the convex part 242 is the part where the current collecting member 24 is welded to the end cover 23, and the convex part 242 of the current collecting
  • the outer surface protrudes along the direction facing the end cap 23 , and the protrusion 242 abuts against the end cap 23 to ensure good contact, which is convenient for welding the end cap 23 and the current collecting member 24 .
  • the body portion 241 includes a first connection portion 2411 and a second connection portion 2412 .
  • the first connecting portion 2411 is connected to the convex portion 242 and is located on the inner peripheral side of the convex portion 242.
  • the first connecting portion 2411 is used to abut and weld the tab 221 to form the first welding portion 25;
  • the second connecting portion 2412 is connected to the convex portion 242.
  • the part 242 is connected and located on the outer peripheral side of the protruding part 242 , and the second connecting part 2412 is used to abut and weld with the tab 221 to form the second welding part 26 .
  • the first connecting part 2411 is connected to the convex part 242 and is located on the inner peripheral side of the convex part 242, that is, the first connecting part 2411 and the convex part 242 are connected together, and in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23, the first The connecting portion 2411 is located inside the convex portion 242 .
  • the second connecting portion 2412 is connected to the convex portion 242 and is located on the outer peripheral side of the convex portion 242, that is, the second connecting portion 2412 and the convex portion 242 are connected together, and in the thickness direction Z perpendicular to the end cover 23, the second connecting portion 2412 is located outside the convex portion 242 .
  • the first connecting part 2411 , the convex part 242 and the second connecting part 2412 may be integrally formed. Both the first connecting portion 2411 and the second connecting portion 2412 may be plate-like structures.
  • the first connecting portion 2411 of the main body portion 241 is located on the inner peripheral side of the convex portion 242
  • the second connecting portion 2412 of the main body portion 241 is located on the outer peripheral side of the convex portion 242
  • the first connecting portion 2411 and the second connecting portion The part 2412 is separated by the protruding part 242, so that the entire current collecting member 24 forms three welded areas with obvious boundaries.
  • the first connection part 2411 is welded to the tab 221
  • the second connection part 2412 is welded to the tab 221
  • the end cover 23 is welded to the convex part 242, so that the first welding part 25 and the second welding part 26 can be guaranteed
  • the welding efficiency between the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 and the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 can be improved, and the productivity can be improved.
  • the outer surface of the first connecting portion 2411 and the inner peripheral surface of the convex portion 242 jointly define a first avoidance portion 243 , and the first avoidance portion 243 is used to avoid the first welding portion 25
  • the outer surface of the second connecting portion 2412 and the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion 242 jointly define a second avoidance portion 244 , and the second avoidance portion 244 is used to avoid the second welding portion 26 .
  • the outer surface of the first connecting portion 2411 refers to the surface of the first connecting portion 2411 away from the tab 221 .
  • the outer surface of the second connecting portion 2412 refers to the surface of the second connecting portion 2412 away from the tab 221 .
  • the convex portion 242 has a first abutting surface 2421 for abutting against the end cap 23 , and the inner peripheral surface of the convex portion 242 is that the convex portion 242 is connected between the first abutting surface 2421 and the outer surface of the first connecting portion 2411
  • the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion 242 is the surface where the convex portion 242 is connected between the first abutting surface 2421 and the outer surface of the second connecting portion 2412 .
  • the first avoiding portion 243 plays the role of avoiding the first welding portion 25, so that at least part of the first welding portion 25 is accommodated in the first avoiding portion 243, and the first avoiding portion 243 can be a first abutment surface from the convex portion 242.
  • 2421 is a recessed groove structure facing away from the end cover 23.
  • the second avoiding portion 244 plays the role of avoiding the second welding portion 26, so that at least part of the second welding portion 26 is accommodated in the second avoiding portion 244.
  • the surface 2421 is a recessed groove structure facing away from the end cover 23 .
  • the end cap 23 Since the end cap 23 abuts against the convex portion 242, the end cap 23 closes the first escape portion 243, and the part of the first welding portion 25 located in the first escape portion 243 is restricted by the end cover 23 in the first avoidance portion 243, Even if the first welding portion 25 partially falls off, it will not fall into the battery cell 20 , and the risk of the first welding portion 25 falling off partially into the battery cell 20 and affecting the performance of the battery cell 20 is unlikely to occur.
  • the outer surface of the first connecting portion 2411 and the inner peripheral surface of the convex portion 242 jointly define the first escape portion 243 for avoiding the first welding portion 25, it is ensured that the convex portion 242 is in good contact with the end cover 23, and the end cover 23 is improved.
  • the firmness after welding with the current collecting member 24 Since the outer surface of the second connecting portion 2412 and the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion 242 jointly define the second escape portion 244 for avoiding the second welding portion 26, it is ensured that the convex portion 242 is in good contact with the end cover 23, and the end cover 23 and the end cover 24 are improved.
  • a concave portion 245 is formed on the position of the current collecting member 24 corresponding to the convex portion 242 , and the concave portion 245 is recessed from the inner surface of the main body portion 241 along the direction facing the end cap 23 .
  • the convex portion 242 has a first abutting surface 2421 for abutting against the end cap 23, the convex portion 242 has a third connecting portion 2422 located between the first abutting surface 2421 and the bottom surface of the concave portion 245, the third connecting portion 2422 is used
  • the third welding portion 27 is formed by welding with the end cover 23 .
  • the bottom surface of the concave portion 245 is a surface connected to the side surface of the concave portion 245 , and the bottom surface of the concave portion 245 faces the tab 221 and has a distance from the tab 221 .
  • the convex part 242 has a third connecting part 2422 located between the first abutting surface 2421 and the bottom surface of the concave part 245, the third connecting part 2422 is the part where the convex part 242 is located between the first abutting surface 2421 and the bottom surface of the concave part 245 part.
  • the recess 245 can be an annular groove, which has a simple structure and is easy to form and manufacture.
  • the third connecting portion 2422 can also be the same as the first connecting part 2411 and the second connecting part 2412 , both of which are plate-shaped structures.
  • the current collecting member 24 can be formed by punching a plate. When one side of the plate is stamped to form the concave portion 245 , the convex portion 242 is formed on the other side of the plate at a position corresponding to the concave portion 245 .
  • the setting of the recessed portion 245 of the current collecting member 24 can reduce the weight of the current collecting member 24 on the one hand and save material; When the protrusion 242 is welded, it will affect the welded position of the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 .
  • the protrusion 242 is an annular structure.
  • the concave portion 245 may be an annular groove
  • the second connecting portion 2412 and the third connecting portion 2422 may be an annular structure
  • the first connecting portion 2411 may be an annular structure or a circular structure.
  • the convex portion 242 has an annular structure, any position in the circumferential direction of the convex portion 242 can be welded to the end cover 23 , which reduces the difficulty of welding.
  • the end cover 23 and the protrusion 242 may also be welded along the circumferential direction of the protrusion 242 to improve the firmness of the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 after welding.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell 20 provided in another embodiment of the present application. Abut against the surface 231 and weld with the end cover 23 to form the third welding portion 27 .
  • the end cover 23 is provided with a third relief portion 232 and a fourth relief portion 233 that are recessed from the second abutment surface 231 in a direction away from the current collecting member 24, the third relief portion 232 is used to avoid the first welding portion 25, and The four escape portions 233 are used to avoid the second welding portion 26 .
  • the third avoidance part 232 plays the role of avoiding the first welding part 25, so that at least part of the first welding part 25 is accommodated in the third avoidance part 232, and the third avoidance part 232 can be from the second abutment surface 231 to the away from the set.
  • the fourth escape portion 233 plays the role of avoiding the second welding portion 26, so that at least part of the second welding portion 26 is accommodated in the fourth escape portion 233, and the fourth escape portion 233 can also be away from the second abutment surface 231.
  • a groove structure in which the direction of the current collecting member 24 is depressed.
  • the structures of the two end caps 23 may be the same or different, and the structures of the two current collecting members 24 The structures may be the same or different.
  • one end cap 23 and one current collecting member 24 adopt the structure shown in FIG.
  • another current collecting member 24 adopts the structure shown in FIG. 4 (the avoidance part for avoiding the first welding part 25 and the second welding part 26 is provided on the current collecting member 24).
  • the end cover 23 is provided with a third relief portion 232 and a fourth relief portion 233 that are recessed from the second abutment surface 231 in a direction away from the current collecting member 24, the third relief portion 232 and the fourth relief portion 233 can respectively avoid
  • the first welding portion 25 and the second welding portion 26 ensure good contact between the second abutting surface 231 and the current collecting member 24 .
  • the third avoidance portion 232 and the fourth avoidance portion 233 are disposed on the end cover 23 to simplify the structure of the current collecting member 24 .
  • the current collecting member 24 is a flat plate structure.
  • the current collecting member 24 is a flat plate structure, that is, the current collecting member 24 is a plate structure with substantially uniform thickness.
  • the outer surface of the current collecting member 24 is arranged parallel to the inner surface, so that the thickness of the current collecting member 24 can be substantially uniform.
  • the current collecting member 24 is a flat plate structure, which is simple in structure and easy to form and manufacture.
  • the end cover 23 is provided with a third escape portion 232 and a fourth escape portion 233 for avoiding the first welding portion 25 and the second welding portion 26 respectively
  • the A first avoidance portion 243 and a second avoidance portion 244 respectively used to avoid the first welded portion 25 and the second welded portion 26 can be provided on the current collecting member 24, so that the whole structure has a larger space for avoiding the first welded portion. 25 and the escape space of the second welding part 26.
  • the end cover 23 includes a cover body 234 and a terminal portion 235 , the cover body 234 is used to cover the opening of the housing 21 , and the terminal portion 235 is formed from the outside of the cover body 234 The surface is convex in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the third welding portion 27 is located on the outer peripheral side of the terminal portion 235 , and in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23 , the projected part or all of the terminal portion 235 covers the first welding portion 25 .
  • the terminal part 235 is a part of the end cover 23 for outputting electric energy of the battery cell 20 , and the terminal part 235 is used for connecting with other components, for example, the terminal part 235 is connected with a bus component.
  • the cover body 234 is a part of the end cover 23 for connecting with the housing 21 and covering the opening of the housing 21 .
  • the terminal portion 235 and the cover body 234 may be integrally formed, or may be a separate structure and connected together, for example, the terminal portion 235 and the cover body 234 are welded.
  • the terminal part 235 may be located at the center of the cover body 234 .
  • the tab 221 may be in a ring structure, and the terminal portion 235 may be coaxially arranged with the tab 221 .
  • the third welding portion 27 is located on the outer peripheral side of the terminal portion 235, and the thickness of the part where the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 are welded is relatively thin, so as to ensure the firmness of the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 after welding .
  • the projection of the terminal portion 235 in the thickness direction Z of the end cover 23 partially or completely covers the first welding portion 25, so that the radial dimension of the terminal portion 235 is relatively large, which is convenient for connecting with other components (such as bus components) to output electric energy.
  • the end cap 23 and the tab 221 can be directly welded.
  • the end cover 23 cannot be welded to the tab 221 in the area where the terminal part 235 is located.
  • the end cover 23 can only weld the cover body 234 and the tab 221 to form a welded part, and the welded part formed by welding the cover body 234 and the tab 221 can only be located at The outer peripheral side of the terminal portion 235 makes the welding portion farther away from the center of the electrode assembly 22 , so that the internal resistance of the battery cell 20 increases.
  • the position of the first welding portion 25 formed by welding the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 is no longer affected by the structure of the end cover 23.
  • the projection of the terminal portion 235 on the thickness direction Z of the end cap 23 partially or completely covers the first welding portion 25, so that the first welding portion 25 can be closer to the center of the electrode assembly 22, which is beneficial to reduce the battery cell 20 internal resistance.
  • the end cover 23 is provided with a welding groove 236, and the end cover 23 is formed with a fourth connecting portion 237 at the bottom of the welding groove 236, and the fourth connecting portion 237 is used for connecting with
  • the current collecting member 24 is welded to form a third welded portion 27 .
  • the fourth connecting portion 237 is the part where the end cap 23 is welded to the current collecting member 24 , and the part from the bottom surface of the welding groove 236 to the contact surface of the end cap 23 and the current collecting member 24 is the fourth connecting portion 237 .
  • the part of the end cover 23 between the bottom surface of the welding groove 236 and the second abutment surface 231 is the second abutment surface 231.
  • the welding groove 236 may be recessed from an outer surface of the cap body 234 in a direction facing the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the setting of the welding groove 236 on the end cover 23 reduces the thickness of the part of the end cover 23 used for welding with the current collecting member 24 on the one hand, increases the depth of the part where the third welding portion 27 is located in the current collecting member 24, and improves the thickness of the end cover 23.
  • the firmness after welding with the current collecting member 24, on the other hand, the position where the welding groove 236 is located is the position where the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 are welded. When the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 are welded, it can quickly Find the welding position where the end cover 23 needs to be welded with the current collecting member 24 to improve the welding efficiency.
  • FIG. 6 provides distribution diagrams of the first welding portion 25 , the second welding portion 26 and the third welding portion 27 for some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first welding portion 25 is a ring structure. This makes the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 have good firmness after welding, and has a larger flow area.
  • FIG. 7 provides distribution diagrams of the first welding portion 25, the second welding portion 26, and the third welding portion 27 for other embodiments of the present application.
  • the first welding portion 25 includes A plurality of first welding segments 251 are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the first welding segments 251 are configured to connect the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 .
  • the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 are welded at multiple positions in the circumferential direction to form a corresponding first welding section 251 at each position, which not only ensures that the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 have good firmness after welding, but also Improvement can improve the welding efficiency of the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 .
  • the second welding portion 26 has an annular structure, so that the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 have good firmness after welding and have a larger flow area.
  • the second welding portion 26 includes a plurality of second welding sections 261 spaced along the circumferential direction, and the second welding sections 261 are configured to connect the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 .
  • the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 are welded at multiple positions in the circumferential direction to form a corresponding second welding section 261 at each position, which not only ensures that the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 have good firmness after welding, but also Improvement can improve the welding efficiency of the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 .
  • the third welding portion 27 has an annular structure, so that the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 have good firmness after welding and have a larger flow area.
  • the projection of the third welding portion 27 divides the tab 221 (not shown in FIG. 6 ) into two parts, the two parts have equal areas, In other words, the area of the part of the tab 221 located on the inner peripheral side of the third welding part 27 is equal to the area of the part of the tab 221 located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding part 27 .
  • the third welding portion 27 includes a plurality of third welding sections 271 spaced along the circumferential direction, and the third welding sections 271 are configured to connect the current collecting member 24 and the end cover 23 .
  • the end cap 23 and the current collecting member 24 are welded at multiple positions in the circumferential direction to form a third welding section 271 corresponding to each position, which not only ensures that the end cap 23 and the current collecting member 24 have good firmness after welding, but also Improvement can improve the welding efficiency of the end cap 23 and the current collecting member 24 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 , including a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 100 provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electric device may be any of the above-mentioned devices using the battery 100 .
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a cylindrical battery, including a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , two end caps 23 and two current collecting members 24 , and the casing 21 has two opposite openings.
  • the two end caps 23 are respectively used to cover the two openings
  • the electrode assembly 22 is used to be accommodated in the casing 21
  • the electrode assembly 22 has two tabs 221 oppositely arranged and opposite in polarity, and one tab 221 passes through
  • One current collecting member 24 is electrically connected to one end cap 23
  • the other tab 221 is electrically connected to the other end cap 23 through another current collecting member 24 .
  • the current collecting member 24 is welded to the tab 221 to form a first welding portion 25 and the second welding portion 26, the current collecting member 24 is welded to the end cover 23 to form a third welding portion 27,
  • the first welded portion 25 is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welded portion 27
  • the second welded portion 26 is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welded portion 27 .
  • the internal resistance of the cylindrical battery with this structure is small and the service life is longer.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the method for manufacturing a battery cell 20 includes:
  • S700 Cover the opening of the housing 21 with the end cover 23;
  • first welding portion 25 is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welding portion 27
  • second welding portion 26 is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding portion 27 .
  • step S100, step S200, step S300 and step S400 is not limited.
  • step S400 may be performed first, then step S300, then step S200, and then step S100.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 manufacturing equipment 2000, please refer to FIG. 9, FIG. A providing device 2100 , a second providing device 2200 , a third providing device 2300 , a fourth providing device 2400 and an assembly device 2500 .
  • the first providing device 2100 is used to provide the housing 21 and has an opening.
  • the second providing device 2200 is used for providing the electrode assembly 22 , and the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 221 .
  • the third providing device 2300 is used for providing the end cap 23 ; the fourth providing device 2400 is used for providing the current collecting member 24 .
  • the assembly device 2500 is used to weld the current collecting member 24 and the tab 221 to form the first welding part 25 and the second welding part 26; the assembly device 2500 is also used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22 in the casing 21; the assembly device 2500 It is also used to close the end cap 23 to the opening.
  • the assembly device 2500 is also used to weld the end cover 23 and the current collecting member 24 to form the third welding portion 27 .
  • the first welding portion 25 is located on the inner peripheral side of the third welding portion 27
  • the second welding portion 26 is located on the outer peripheral side of the third welding portion 27 .

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备,属于电池技术领域。其中,电池单体包括壳体、电极组件、端盖和集流构件。壳体具有开口,电极组件具有极耳,电极组件用于容纳于壳体内,端盖用于盖合于开口,集流构件,用于连接端盖和极耳,以实现端盖与极耳的电连接。其中,集流构件与极耳焊接并形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部,集流构件与端盖焊接并形成第三焊接部,第一焊接部位于第三焊接部的内周侧,第二焊接部位于第三焊接部的外周侧。这种结构的电池单体能够均化电极组件内圈部分的电子和外圈部分的电子的运动路径,降低了电池单体的内阻,有效提高电池单体的寿命。

Description

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键,电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言,电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术中,既需要考虑电池单体的安全性,也需要考虑电池单体使用寿命的问题。因此,如何提高电池单体的使用寿命是电池技术中一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制造方法和设备,能够有效提高电池单体的使用寿命。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体,包括:壳体,具有开口;电极组件,具有极耳,所述电极组件用于容纳于所述壳体内;端盖,用于盖合于所述开口;集流构件,用于连接所述端盖和所述极耳,以实现所述端盖与所述极耳的电连接;其中,所述集流构件与所述极耳焊接并形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部,所述集流构件与所述端盖焊接并形成第三焊接部,所述第一焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的内周侧,所述第二焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的外周侧。
上述技术方案中,集流构件与极耳焊接并形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部,集流构件与端盖焊接并形成第三焊接部,第一焊接部和第二焊接部分别位于第三焊接部的内周侧和外周侧,使得电极组件内圈部分的电子能够沿着极耳、第一焊接部、集流构件、第三焊接部和端盖的路径运动,电极组件外圈部分的电子能够沿着极耳、第二焊接部、集流构件、第三焊接部和端盖的路径运动,均化电极组件内圈部分的电子和外圈部分的电子的运动路径,降低了电池单体的内阻,有效提高电池单体的寿命。
在一些实施例中,所述集流构件包括:本体部,用于与所述极耳相抵并焊接,以形成所述第一焊接部和所述第二焊接部;凸部,从所述本体部的外表面沿面向所述端盖的方向凸出,所述凸部用于与所述端盖相抵并焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部。
上述技术方案中,本体部为集流构件与极耳焊接的部分,凸部为集流构件与端盖焊接的部分,集流构件的凸部从本体部的外表面沿面向端盖的方向凸出,凸部与端盖相抵能够保证良好的接触,便于将端盖与集流构件焊接。
在一些实施例中,所述本体部包括:第一连接部,与所述凸部相连并位于所述凸部的内周侧,所述第一连接部用于与所述极耳相抵并焊接,以形成第一焊接部;第二连接部,与所述凸部相连并位于所述凸部的外周侧,所述第二连接部用于与所述极耳相抵并焊接,以形成所述第二焊接部。
上述技术方案中,本体部的第一连接部位于凸部的内周侧,本体部的第二连接部位于凸部的外周侧,第一连接部和第二连接部被凸部分隔,使得整个集流构件形成明显分界的三个焊接区域,三个焊接区域分别为集流构件与第一连接部、凸部和第二连接部相对应的区域,将第一连接部与极耳焊接、第二连接部与极耳焊接以及端盖与凸部焊接,则可保证第一焊接部和第二焊接部分别位于第三焊接部的内周侧和外周侧,能够提高集流构件与极耳以及端盖与集流构件的焊接效率,提高生产率。
在一些实施例中,所述第一连接部的外表面与所述凸部的内周面共同限定出第一避让部,所述第一避让部用于避让所述第一焊接部;所述第二连接部的外表面与所述凸部的外周面共同限定出第二避让部,所述第二避让部用于避让所述第二焊接部。
上述技术方案中,第一连接部的外表面与凸部的内周面共同限定出用于避让第一焊接部的第一避让部,保证凸部与端盖良好接触。第二连接部的外表面与凸部的外周面共同限定出用于避让第二焊接部的第二避让部,保证凸部与端盖良好接触。
在一些实施例中,所述集流构件与所述凸部相对应的位置形成有凹部,所述凹部从所述本体部的内表面沿面向所述端盖的方向凹陷;所述凸部具有用于与端盖相抵的第一抵靠面,所述凸部具有位于所述第一抵靠面与所述凹部的底面之间的第三连接部,所述第三连接部用于与所述端盖焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部。
上述技术方案中,集流构件的凹部的设置,一方面能够减轻集流构件的重量,节省材料,另一方面凹部能够避让第三焊接部,降低在对端盖与凸部进行焊接时,对集流构件与极耳已经焊接好的位置造成影响。
在一些实施例中,所述凹部为环形槽。
上述技术方案中,凹部为环形槽,结构简单,易于成型制造。在对端盖与集流构件焊接时,可以沿着凹部的周向对端盖与凸部进行焊接,提高端盖与集流构件焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中,所述凸部为环形结构。
上述技术方案中,凸部为环形结构,凸部周向上的任意位置都可以与端盖焊接,降低焊接难度。当然,也可以沿着凸部的周向对端盖与凸部进行焊接,提高端盖与集流构件焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中,所述端盖具有第二抵靠面,所述集流构件抵靠于所述第二抵靠面并与所述端盖焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部;所述端盖上设有从所述第二抵靠面沿背离所述集流构件的方向凹陷的第三避让部和第四避让部,所述第三避让部用于避让所述第一焊接部,所述第四避让部用于避让所述第二焊接部。
上述技术方案中,端盖上设有从第二抵靠面沿背离集流构件的方向凹陷的第三避让部和第四避让部,第三避让部和第四避让部能够分别避让第一焊接部和第二焊接部,保证第二抵靠面与集流构件良好接触。第三避让部和第四避让部设置于端盖上,能够简化集流构件的结构。
在一些实施例中,所述集流构件为平板结构。
上述技术方案中,集流构件为平板结构,结构简单,易于成型制造。
在一些实施例中,所述端盖包括:盖本体,用于盖合于所述开口;端子部,从所述盖本体的外表面沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出;所述第三焊接部位于所述端子部的外周侧,在所述端盖的厚度方向上,所述端子部的投影部分或全部覆盖所述第一焊接部。
上述技术方案中,端盖的端子部用于与其他部件相连,以输出电池单体的电能。第三焊接部位于端子部的外周侧,端盖与集流构件焊接的部分的厚度相对较薄,保证端盖与集流构件焊接后的牢固性。端子部在端盖的厚度方向上的投影部分或全部覆盖第一焊接部,使得端子部的径向尺寸较大,便于与其他部件相连,以输出电能。
在一些实施例中,所述端盖上设有焊接槽,所述端盖在所述焊接槽的底部形成有第四连接部,所述第四连接部用于与所述集流构件焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部。
上述技术方案中,端盖上焊接槽的设置,一方面减少端盖用于与集流构件焊接的部位的厚度,提高第三焊接部位于集流构件内的部分的深度,提高端盖与集流构件焊接后的牢固性,另一方面,焊接槽所在的位置即为端盖与集流构件焊接的位置,在对端盖与集流构件焊接时,能够快速找到端盖需要与集流构件焊接的焊接位置,提高焊接效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第一焊接部为环形结构;或,所述第一焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第一焊接段,所述第一焊接段被配置为连接所述集流构件和所述极耳。
上述技术方案中,第一焊接部为环形结构,使得集流构件与极耳焊接后具有很好的牢固性,具有较大的过流面积。第一焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第一焊接段,集流构件与极耳在 周向上采用多位置焊接,以在每个位置对应形成一个第一焊接段,既保证集流构件与极耳焊接后具有很好的牢固性,又提高能够提高集流构件与极耳的焊接效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第二焊接部为环形结构;或,所述第二焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第二焊接段,所述第二焊接段被配置为连接所述集流构件和所述极耳。
上述技术方案中,第二焊接部为环形结构,使得集流构件与极耳焊接后具有很好的牢固性,具有较大的过流面积。第二焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第二焊接段,集流构件与极耳在周向上采用多位置焊接,以在每个位置对应形成一个第二焊接段,既保证集流构件与极耳焊接后具有很好的牢固性,又提高能够提高集流构件与极耳的焊接效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第三焊接部为环形结构;或,所述第三焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第三焊接段,所述第三焊接段被配置为连接所述集流构件和所述端盖。
上述技术方案中,第三焊接部为环形结构,使得端盖与集流构件焊接后具有很好的牢固性,具有较大的过流面积。第三焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第三焊接段,端盖与集流构件在周向上采用多位置焊接,以在每个位置对应形成一个第三焊接段,既保证端盖与集流构件焊接后具有很好的牢固性,又提高能够提高端盖与集流构件的焊接效率。
第二方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池,包括:第一方面任意一个实施例提供的电池单体;以及箱体,用于容纳所述电池单体。
第三方面,本申请实施例提供一种用电设备,包括第二方面任意一个实施例提供的电池。
第四方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造方法,所述方法包括:提供壳体,具有开口;提供电极组件,所述电极组件具有极耳;提供端盖;提供集流构件;将所述集流构件与所述极耳焊接,以形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部;将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内;将所述端盖盖合于所述开口;将所述端盖与所述集流构件焊接,以形成第三焊接部;其中,所述第一焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的内周侧,所述第二焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的外周侧。
第五方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制造设备,所述制造设备包括:第一提供装置,用于提供壳体,具有开口;第二提供装置,用于提供电极组件,所述电极组件具有极耳;第三提供装置,用于提供端盖;第四提供装置,用于提供集流构件;组装装置,用于将所述集流构件与所述极耳焊接,以形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部;还用于将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内;还用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口;还用于将所述端盖与所述集流构件焊接,以形成第三焊接部;其中,所述第一焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的内周侧,所述第二焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的外周侧。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图;
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图;
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图;
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的局部示意图;
图5为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体的局部示意图;
图6为本申请一些实施例提供第一焊接部、第二焊接部和第三焊接部的分布图;
图7为本申请另一些实施例提供第一焊接部、第二焊接部和第三焊接部的分布图;
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造方法的流程图;
图9为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的制造设备的结构示意图。
图标:10-箱体;11-第一部分;12-第二部分;20-电池单体;21-壳体;22-电极组件;221-极耳;23-端盖;231-第二抵靠面;232-第三避让部;233-第四避让部;234-盖本体;235-端子部;236-焊接槽;237-第四连接部;24-集流构件;241-本体部;2411-第一连接部;2412-第二连接部;242-凸部;2421-第一抵靠面;2422-第三连接部;243-第一避让部;244-第二避让部;245-凹部;25-第一焊接部;251-第一焊接段;26-第二焊接部;261-第二焊接段;27-第三焊接部;271-第三焊接段;100-电池;200-控制器;300-马达;1000-车辆;2000-制造设备;2100-第一提供装置;2200-第二提供装置;2300-第三提供装置;2400-第四提供装置;2500-组装装置;Z-厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义,本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同;本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本申请;本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象,而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件,并且为了简洁,在不同实施例中,省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解,附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸,以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中,电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等,本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等,本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种:柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体,本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如,本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液,电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层,正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面,未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体,未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例,正极集流体的材料可以为铝,正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层,负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面,未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体,未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜,负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断,正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起,负极极耳的数量为多个且层 叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene,聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene,聚乙烯)等。此外,电极组件可以是卷绕式结构,也可以是叠片式结构,本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素,例如,能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数,另外,还需要考虑电池的安全性。
发明人发现,对于一般的电池单体而言,在充放电循环过程中,电池单体容易发热,影响电池单体的寿命。发明人进一步研究发现,在电池单体中,端盖与极耳直接焊接,以通过端盖输出电能。但由于端盖的结构限制,端盖与极耳焊接形成的焊接部(端盖与极耳焊接形成焊印的部分)相距电极组件的中心较远,使得电极组件的内圈部分的电子通过焊接部到端盖的运动路径较大,电极组件的外圈部分的电极通过焊接部到端盖的运动路径较小,使得电池单体的内阻增大,出现极化现象,从而导致电池单体在充放电过程中产生大量的热量,影响电池单体的寿命。
鉴于此,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体,通过集流构件连接端盖和极耳,实现端盖与极耳的电连接,且集流构件与极耳焊接并形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部,集流构件与端盖焊接并形成第三焊接部,第一焊接部位于第三焊接部的内周侧,第二焊接部位于第三焊接部的外周侧,使得电极组件内圈部分的电子能够沿着极耳、第一焊接部、集流构件、第三焊接部和端盖的路径运动,电极组件外圈部分的电子能够沿着极耳、第二焊接部、集流构件、第三焊接部和端盖的路径运动,均化电极组件内圈部分的电子和外圈部分的电子的运动路径,降低了电池单体的内阻,有效提高电池单体的寿命。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等;航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等;电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等;电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具,例如,电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明,以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1,图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图,车辆1000的内部设置有电池100,电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电,例如,电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300,控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电,例如,用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中,电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源,还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源,代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2,图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构示意图,电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20,箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
其中,箱体10是容纳电池单体20的部件,箱体10为电池单体20提供容纳空间,箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中,箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12,第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合,以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第一部分11和第二部分12可以是多种形状,比如,长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分11可以是一侧开放的空心结构,第二部分12也可以是一侧开放的空心结构,第二部分12的开放侧盖合于第一部分11的开放侧,则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。也可以是第一部分11为一侧开放的空心结构,第二部分12为板状结构,第二部分12盖合于第一部分11的开放侧,则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。第一部分11与第二部分12可以通过密封元件来实现密封,密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池100中,电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个,多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联,混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个 电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体,并容纳于箱体10内。也可以是所有电池单体20之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起,再将所有电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中,电池100还可以包括汇流部件,多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接,以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体,比如,铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
请参照图3,图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图,电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23和集流构件24。
壳体21是用于容纳电极组件22的部件,壳体21可以是一端形成开口的空心结构,壳体21也可以是相对的两端均形成开口的空心结构。若壳体21为一端形成开口的空心结构,端盖23则可以为一个,该端盖23对应盖合于壳体21的开口处;若壳体21为两端均形成开口的空心结构,端盖23则可以为两个,两个端盖23分别盖合于壳体21两端的开口。壳体21的材质可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。壳体21可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。示例性的,在图3中,壳体21为圆柱体,壳体21为两端均形成开口的空心结构。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件22可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电极组件22可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构,也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。电极组件22可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。若壳体21为圆柱体,电极组件22则可以为圆柱体;若壳体21为长方体,电极组件22则可以为长方体。
正极极片可以包括正极集流体和涂覆于正极集流体相对的两侧的正极活性物质层。负极极片可以包括负极集流体和涂覆于负极集流体相对的两侧的负极活性物质层。电极组件22包括极耳221,极耳221分为正极极耳和负极极耳,正极极耳可以是正极极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分,负极极耳可以是负极极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分。
端盖23是盖合于壳体21的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖23盖合于壳体21的开口,端盖23的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适配,比如,壳体21为长方体结构,端盖23为与壳体21相适配的矩形板状结构,再如,如图3所示,壳体21为圆柱体结构,端盖23为与壳体21相适配的圆形板状结构。端盖23的材质也可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等,端盖23的材质与壳体21的材质可以相同,也可以不同。在电池单体20中的端盖23为两个的实施例中,两个端盖23的材质可以相同,也可以不同。
端盖23与壳体21可以通过密封件实现密封连接。通过密封件可以将端盖23与壳体21隔离,在实现端盖23与壳体21密封的同时,实现端盖23与壳体21绝缘。密封件的材质可以是塑料、橡胶等。
集流构件24是实现端盖23与极耳221电连接的部件。集流构件24可以是一个,也可以是两个。在电池单体20中只设置有一个端盖23的实施例中,集流构件24可以为一个,正极极耳和负极极耳中的一者通过一个集流构件24与一个端盖23连接,另一者与壳体21直接连接。在电池单体20中设置有两个端盖23的实施例中,集流构件24可以为两个,正极极耳和负极极耳中的一者通过一个集流构件24一个端盖23与连接,另一者通过另一个集流构件24与另一个端盖23连接。集流构件24可以是金属导体,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。在电池单体20的集流构件24为两个的实施例中,两个集流构件24的材质及结构可以相同,也可以不同。
请参照图4,图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的局部示意图,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20,其包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23和集流构件24。壳体21具有开口,电极组件22具有极耳221,电极组件22用于容纳于壳体21内,端盖23用于盖合于开口,集流构件24用于连接端盖23和极耳221,以实现端盖23与极耳221的电连接。其中,集流构件24与极耳221焊接并形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26,集流构件24与端盖23焊接并形成第三焊接部27,第一焊接部25位于第三焊接部27的内周侧,第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周侧。
集流构件24用于连接端盖23和极耳221,以实现端盖23与极耳221的电连接,可以是 端盖23与正极极耳通过集流构件24连接,也可以是端盖23与负极极耳通过集流构件24连接。
集流构件24与极耳221焊接形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26,第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26均为集流构件24与极耳221焊接形成焊印的部分,第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26均起到连接集流构件24和极耳221的作用。集流构件24与极耳221可以通过多种焊接方式实现焊接,比如,集流构件24与极耳221采用穿透焊的方式实现焊接,可以在集流构件24的外侧(集流构件24背离极耳的一侧)进行焊接,以将集流构件24与极耳221焊接在一起。
集流构件24与端盖23焊接并形成第三焊接部27,第三焊接部27为集流构件24与极耳221焊接形成焊印的部分,第三焊接部27起到连接集流构件24与端盖23的作用。集流构件24与端盖23可以通过多种焊接方式实现焊接,比如,集流构件24与端盖23采用穿透焊的方式实现焊接,可以在端盖23的外侧(端盖23背离集流构件的一侧)进行焊接,以将端盖23与集流构件24焊接在一起。
第一焊接部25位于第三焊接部27的内周侧,即第三焊接部27在垂直于端盖23厚度方向Z的方向上位于第一焊接部25的外侧,也可以理解为,第三焊接部27位于第一焊接部25的外周面以外;第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周侧,即第二焊接部26在垂直于端盖23厚度方向Z的方向上位于第三焊接部27的外侧,也可以理解为,第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周面以外。也就是说,在垂直端盖23厚度方向Z的方向上,第一焊接部25、第三焊接部27和第二焊接部26从内至外依次设置。第一焊接部25、第二焊接部26和第三焊接部27可以同轴设置,也可以偏心设置。需要说明的是,第一焊接部25位于第三焊接部27的内周侧,这里限定了第一焊接部25与第三焊接部27的内外关系,并不限制第一焊接部25与第三焊接部27在端盖23厚度方向Z上位置关系,也就是说,第一焊接部25与第三焊接部27在端盖23厚度方向Z上可以存在距离,也可以不存在距离。同样,第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周侧,这里限定了第二焊接部26与第三焊接部27的内外关系,并不限制第二焊接部26与第三焊接部27在端盖23厚度方向Z上位置关系,也就是说,第二焊接部26与第三焊接部27在端盖23厚度方向Z上可以存在距离,也可以不存在距离。
第一焊接部25可以是沿着周向延伸且首尾相连的封闭结构,比如,第一焊接部25为环形结构;第一焊接部25也可以是沿着周向延伸且首尾存在距离的非封闭结构,比如,第一焊接部25为半环结构;当然,第一焊接部25也可以分为沿着周向间隔分布的多段。第二焊接部26可以是沿着周向延伸且首尾相连的封闭结构,比如,第二焊接部26为环形结构;第二焊接部26也可以是沿着周向延伸且首尾存在距离的非封闭结构,比如,第二焊接部26为半环结构;当然,第二焊接部26也可以分为沿着周向间隔分布的多段。第三焊接部27可以是沿着周向延伸且首尾相连的封闭结构,比如,第三焊接部27为环形结构;第三焊接部27也可以是沿着周向延伸且首尾存在距离的非封闭结构,比如,第三焊接部27为半环结构;当然,第三焊接部27也可以分为沿着周向间隔分布的多段。
位于第三焊接部27的外周侧的第二焊接部26可以是一圈,也可以是多圈。位于第三焊接部27的内周侧的第一焊接部25可以是一圈,也可以是多圈。
在电池单体20中,极耳221与端盖23通过集流构件24连接,并且集流构件24与极耳221焊接并形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26,集流构件24与端盖23焊接并形成第三焊接部27,第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26分别位于第三焊接部27的内周侧和外周侧,使得电极组件22内圈部分的电子能够沿着极耳221、第一焊接部25、集流构件24、第三焊接部27和端盖23的路径运动,电极组件22外圈部分的电子能够沿着极耳221、第二焊接部26、集流构件24、第三焊接部27和端盖23的路径运动,使得电极组件22内圈部分的电子的运动路径和外圈部分的电子的运动路径基本一致,均化电极组件22内圈部分的电子和外圈部分的电子的运动路径,降低了电池单体20的内阻,有效提高电池单体20的寿命。
此外,由于集流构件24与极耳221通过第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26连接在一起,第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26均能够过流,增大了过流能力,满足大倍率过流的需求。由于第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26分别位于第三焊接部27的内周侧和外周侧,使得第一焊接部25、第二焊接部26和第三焊接部27在端盖23的厚度方向Z上不会重叠,降低因第三焊接部27与第一焊接部 25或第二焊接部26重叠,而导致端盖23与集流构件24焊接不牢固的风险。
对于一般的电池单体20而言,集流构件24和极耳221焊接形成的焊接部与端盖23和集流构件24焊接形成的焊接部基本位于同一圆周上,为避免集流构件24和极耳221焊接形成的焊接部与端盖23和集流构件24焊接形成的焊接部在端盖23的厚度方向Z上重叠,在对端盖23与集流构件24焊接时,需要找准焊接位置,以保证端盖23和集流构件24焊接形成的焊接部与集流构件24和极耳221焊接形成的焊接部在周向上错开,焊接效率较低。
而在本申请实施例提供的电池单体20中,由于第一焊接部25位于第三焊接部27的内周侧,第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周侧,在实际焊接过程中,在对集流构件24与极耳221焊接并形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26后,在第一焊接部25与第二焊接部26之间的区域内对端盖23和集流构件24进行焊接,则可形成位于第一焊接部25的外周侧、位于第二焊接部26的内周侧的第三焊接部27,提高端盖23与集流构件24的焊接效率,进而提高生产效率。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图4,集流构件24包括本体部241和凸部242。本体部241用于与极耳221相抵并焊接,以形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26。凸部242从本体部241的外表面沿面向端盖23的方向凸出,凸部242用于与端盖23相抵并焊接,以形成第三焊接部27。
本体部241的外表面是指本体部241背离极耳221的表面。当然,本体部241也具有内表面,本体部241的内表面指与极耳221接触的表面。本体部241可以是板状结构。
凸部242从本体部241的外表面沿面向端盖23的方向凸出,换言之,在端盖23的厚度方向Z上,凸部242从本体部241的外表面向靠近端盖23的方向延伸。
本实施例中,本体部241为集流构件24与极耳221焊接的部分,凸部242为集流构件24与端盖23焊接的部分,集流构件24的凸部242从本体部241的外表面沿面向端盖23的方向凸出,凸部242与端盖23相抵能够保证良好的接触,便于将端盖23与集流构件24焊接。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图4,本体部241包括第一连接部2411和第二连接部2412。第一连接部2411与凸部242相连并位于凸部242的内周侧,第一连接部2411用于与极耳221相抵并焊接,以形成第一焊接部25;第二连接部2412与凸部242相连并位于凸部242的外周侧,第二连接部2412用于与极耳221相抵并焊接,以形成第二焊接部26。
第一连接部2411与凸部242相连并位于凸部242的内周侧,即第一连接部2411与凸部242连接在一起,且在垂直于端盖23厚度方向Z的方向上,第一连接部2411位于凸部242的内侧。第二连接部2412与凸部242相连并位于凸部242的外周侧,即第二连接部2412与凸部242连接在一起,且在垂直于端盖23的厚度方向Z上,第二连接部2412位于凸部242的外侧。
第一连接部2411、凸部242和第二连接部2412三者可以是一体成型结构。第一连接部2411和第二连接部2412均可以为板状结构。
在本实施例中,本体部241的第一连接部2411位于凸部242的内周侧,本体部241的第二连接部2412位于凸部242的外周侧,第一连接部2411和第二连接部2412被凸部242分隔,使得整个集流构件24形成明显分界的三个焊接区域,三个焊接区域分别为集流构件24与第一连接部2411、凸部242和第二连接部2412相对应的区域,将第一连接部2411与极耳221焊接以及第二连接部2412与极耳221焊接、端盖23与凸部242焊接,则可保证第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26分别位于第三焊接部27的内周侧和外周侧,能够提高集流构件24与极耳221以及端盖23与集流构件24的焊接效率,提高生产率。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图4,第一连接部2411的外表面与凸部242的内周面共同限定出第一避让部243,第一避让部243用于避让第一焊接部25;第二连接部2412的外表面与凸部242的外周面共同限定出第二避让部244,第二避让部244用于避让第二焊接部26。
第一连接部2411的外表面是指第一连接部2411背离极耳221的表面。第二连接部2412的外表面是指第二连接部2412背离极耳221的表面。凸部242具有用于与端盖23相抵的第一抵靠面2421,凸部242的内周面为凸部242连接于第一抵靠面2421与第一连接部2411的外表面之间的面,凸部242的外周面为凸部242连接于第一抵靠面2421与第二连接部2412的外表面之间的 面。
第一避让部243起到避让第一焊接部25的作用,使得至少部分第一焊接部25收容于第一避让部243内,第一避让部243可以是从凸部242的第一抵靠面2421向背离端盖23的方向凹陷的凹槽结构。第二避让部244起到避让第二焊接部26的作用,使得至少部分第二焊接部26收容于第二避让部244内,第二避让部244也可以是从凸部242的第一抵靠面2421向背离端盖23的方向凹陷的凹槽结构。
由于端盖23抵靠于凸部242上,端盖23将第一避让部243封闭,第一焊接部25位于第一避让部243内的部分被端盖23限制在第一避让部243内,即使第一焊接部25部分脱落也不会掉入电池单体20内部,不易出现第一焊接部25局部脱落掉入电池单体20内部,而影响电池单体20性能的风险。
由于第一连接部2411的外表面与凸部242的内周面共同限定出用于避让第一焊接部25的第一避让部243,保证凸部242与端盖23良好接触,提高端盖23与集流构件24焊接后的牢固性。由于第二连接部2412的外表面与凸部242的外周面共同限定出用于避让第二焊接部26的第二避让部244,保证凸部242与端盖23良好接触,提高端盖23与集流构件24焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图4,集流构件24与凸部242相对应的位置形成有凹部245,凹部245从本体部241的内表面沿面向端盖23的方向凹陷。凸部242具有用于与端盖23相抵的第一抵靠面2421,凸部242具有位于第一抵靠面2421与凹部245的底面之间的第三连接部2422,第三连接部2422用于与端盖23焊接,以形成第三焊接部27。
凹部245的底面为与凹部245的侧面相连的面,凹部245的底面面向极耳221,并与极耳221存在距离。凸部242具有位于第一抵靠面2421与凹部245的底面之间的第三连接部2422,第三连接部2422即为凸部242位于第一抵靠面2421与凹部245的底面之间的部分。凹部245可以为环形槽,结构简单,易于成型制造。
在端盖23的厚度方向Z上,第三连接部2422可以与第一连接部2411以及第二连接部2412存在距离。第三连接部2422也可以与第一连接部2411和第二连接部2412一样,均为板状结构。
集流构件24可以由一板材通过冲压的方式形成,在对板材的一侧进行冲压形成凹部245的同时,在板材的另一侧与凹部245相对应的位置形成凸部242。
在本实施例中,集流构件24的凹部245的设置,一方面能够减轻集流构件24的重量,节省材料,另一方面凹部245能够避让第三焊接部27,降低在对端盖23与凸部242进行焊接时,对集流构件24与极耳221已经焊接好的位置造成影响。
在一些实施例中,凸部242为环形结构。
在本实施例中,凹部245可以为环形槽,第二连接部2412和第三连接部2422可以是环形结构,第一连接部2411可以是环形结构,也可以是圆形结构。
由于凸部242为环形结构,凸部242周向上的任意位置都可以与端盖23焊接,降低焊接难度。当然,也可以沿着凸部242的周向对端盖23与凸部242进行焊接,提高端盖23与集流构件24焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中,请参照图5,图5为本申请另一些实施例提供的电池单体20的局部示意图,端盖23具有第二抵靠面231,集流构件24抵靠于第二抵靠面231并与端盖23焊接,以形成第三焊接部27。端盖23上设有从第二抵靠面231沿背离集流构件24的方向凹陷的第三避让部232和第四避让部233,第三避让部232用于避让第一焊接部25,第四避让部233用于避让第二焊接部26。
第三避让部232起到避让第一焊接部25的作用,使得至少部分第一焊接部25收容于第三避让部232内,第三避让部232可以是从第二抵靠面231向背离集流构件24的方向凹陷的凹槽结构。第四避让部233起到避让第二焊接部26的作用,使得至少部分第二焊接部26收容于第四避让 部233内,第四避让部233也可以是从第二抵靠面231向背离集流构件24的方向凹陷的凹槽结构。
需要说明的是,在电池单体20中设置有两个端盖23和两个集流构件24的情况下,两个端盖23的结构可以相同,也可以不同,两个集流构件24的结构也可以相同,也可以不同。比如,一个端盖23和一个集流构件24采用图5示出的结构(用于避让第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26的避让部设置于端盖23上),另一个端盖23和另一个集流构件24采用图4示出的结构(用于避让第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26的避让部设置于集流构件24上)。
由于端盖23上设有从第二抵靠面231沿背离集流构件24的方向凹陷的第三避让部232和第四避让部233,第三避让部232和第四避让部233能够分别避让第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26,保证第二抵靠面231与集流构件24良好接触。第三避让部232和第四避让部233设置于端盖23上,能够简化集流构件24的结构。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图5,集流构件24为平板结构。
集流构件24为平板结构,即集流构件24为厚度基本均匀的板状结构。集流构件24的外表面与内表面平行设置,则可以使得集流构件24的厚度基本均匀。
在本实施例中,集流构件24为平板结构,结构简单,易于成型制造。
需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,在端盖23上设置有分别用于避让第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26的第三避让部232和第四避让部233的情况下,也可以在集流构件24上设置分别用于避让第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26的第一避让部243和第二避让部244,使得整个结构具有更大的用于避让第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26的避让空间。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图4和图5,端盖23包括盖本体234和端子部235,盖本体234用于盖合于壳体21的开口,端子部235从盖本体234的外表面沿背离电极组件22的方向凸出。第三焊接部27位于端子部235的外周侧,在端盖23的厚度方向Z上,端子部235的投影部分或全部覆盖第一焊接部25。
端子部235为端盖23用于输出电池单体20的电能的部分,端子部235用于与其他部件相连,比如,端子部235与汇流部件相连。盖本体234为端盖23用于与壳体21相连并盖合壳体21的开口的部分。端子部235与盖本体234可以是一体成型结构,也可是分体结构并连接在一起,比如,端子部235与盖本体234焊接。端子部235可以位于盖本体234的中心位置。在电极组件22为圆柱体结构的实施例中,极耳221可以是环形结构,端子部235可以与极耳221同轴设置。
在本实施例中,第三焊接部27位于端子部235的外周侧,端盖23与集流构件24焊接的部分的厚度相对较薄,保证端盖23与集流构件24焊接后的牢固性。端子部235在端盖23的厚度方向Z上的投影部分或全部覆盖第一焊接部25,使得端子部235的径向尺寸较大,便于与其他部件(如汇流部件)相连,以输出电能。
对于一般的电池单体20而言,要实现端盖23与极耳221的电连接,可以采用端盖23与极耳221直接焊接,但是由于端盖23在端子部235的区域厚度较厚,无法在端盖23位于端子部235的区域与极耳221焊接,端盖23只能将盖本体234与极耳221焊接形成焊接部,盖本体234与极耳221焊接形成的焊接部只能位于端子部235的外周侧,使得焊接部相距电极组件22的中心较远,使得电池单体20的内阻增大。然而,在本实施例中,由于端盖23与极耳221通过集流构件24连接,集流构件24与极耳221焊接形成的第一焊接部25的位置不再受到端盖23的结构的限制,端子部235在端盖23的厚度方向Z上的投影部分或全部覆盖第一焊接部25,使得第一焊接部25能够更靠近电极组件22的中心位置,有利于降低了电池单体20的内阻。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图4和图5,端盖23上设有焊接槽236,端盖23在焊接槽236的底部形成有第四连接部237,第四连接部237用于与集流构件24焊接,以形成第三焊接部27。
第四连接部237为端盖23与集流构件24焊接的部分,从焊接槽236的底面到端盖23与集流构件24相抵的面之间的部分即为第四连接部237。如图5所示,以端盖23与集流构件24相 抵的面为第二抵靠面231为例,端盖23在焊接槽236的底面到第二抵靠面231之间的部分为第四连接部237。以采取穿透焊的方式实现端盖23与集流构件24焊接为例,由于第四连接部237的厚度相对于端盖23其他部位的厚度相对更薄,在焊接时更容易穿透端盖23,以将端盖23与集流构件24连接在一起。
在端盖23包括盖本体234和端子部235的实施例中,焊接槽236可以从盖本体234的外表面沿面向电极组件22的方向凹陷。
端盖23上焊接槽236的设置,一方面减少端盖23用于与集流构件24焊接的部位的厚度,提高第三焊接部27位于集流构件24内的部分的深度,提高端盖23与集流构件24焊接后的牢固性,另一方面,焊接槽236所在的位置即为端盖23与集流构件24焊接的位置,在对端盖23与集流构件24焊接时,能够快速找到端盖23需要与集流构件24焊接的焊接位置,提高焊接效率。
在一些实施例中,请参照图6,图6为本申请一些实施例提供第一焊接部25、第二焊接部26和第三焊接部27的分布图,第一焊接部25为环形结构,使得集流构件24与极耳221焊接后具有很好的牢固性,具有较大的过流面积。
在另一些实施例中,请参照图7,图7为本申请另一些实施例提供第一焊接部25、第二焊接部26和第三焊接部27的分布图,第一焊接部25包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第一焊接段251,第一焊接段251被配置为连接集流构件24和极耳221。集流构件24与极耳221在周向上采用多位置焊接,以在每个位置对应形成一个第一焊接段251,既保证集流构件24与极耳221焊接后具有很好的牢固性,又提高能够提高集流构件24与极耳221的焊接效率。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图6,第二焊接部26为环形结构,使得集流构件24与极耳221焊接后具有很好的牢固性,具有较大的过流面积。
在另一些实施例中,请继续参照图7,第二焊接部26包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第二焊接段261,第二焊接段261被配置为连接集流构件24和极耳221。集流构件24与极耳221在周向上采用多位置焊接,以在每个位置对应形成一个第二焊接段261,既保证集流构件24与极耳221焊接后具有很好的牢固性,又提高能够提高集流构件24与极耳221的焊接效率。
在一些实施例中,请继续参照图6,第三焊接部27为环形结构,使得端盖23与集流构件24焊接后具有很好的牢固性,具有较大的过流面积。
示例性的,在端盖23的厚度方向Z(图6未示出)上,第三焊接部27的投影将极耳221(图6未示出)分隔为两部分,两部分的面积相等,换言之,极耳221位于第三焊接部27内周侧的部分的面积等于极耳221位于第三焊接部27外周侧的部分的面积。
在另一些实施例中,请继续参照图7,第三焊接部27包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第三焊接段271,第三焊接段271被配置为连接集流构件24和端盖23。端盖23与集流构件24在周向上采用多位置焊接,以在每个位置对应形成一个第三焊接段271,既保证端盖23与集流构件24焊接后具有很好的牢固性,又提高能够提高端盖23与集流构件24的焊接效率。
本申请实施例提供一种电池100,包括箱体10和上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体20,箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
本申请实施例提供一种用电设备,包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池100。
用电设备可以是上述任一应用电池100的设备。
此外,请参照图3,本申请实施例还提供一种圆柱电池,包括壳体21、电极组件22、两个端盖23和两个集流构件24,壳体21具有相对布置的两个开口,两个端盖23分别用于盖合于两个开口,电极组件22用于容纳于壳体21内,电极组件22具有相对布置且极性相反的两个极耳221,一个极耳221通过一个集流构件24与一个端盖23电连接,另一个极耳221通过另一个集流构件24与另一个端盖23电连接。其中,请参照图4和图5,集流构件24与极耳221焊接并形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26,集流构件24与端盖23焊接并形成第三焊接部27,第一焊接部25位于第三焊接部27的内周侧,第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周侧。这种结构的圆柱电 池内阻较小,使用寿命更长。
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20的制造方法,请参照图8,图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造方法的流程图,电池单体20的制造方法包括:
S100:提供壳体21,具有开口;
S200:提供电极组件22,电极组件22具有极耳221;
S300:提供端盖23;
S400:提供集流构件24;
S500:将集流构件24与电极组件22的极耳221焊接,以形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26;
S600:将电极组件22容纳于壳体21内;
S700:将端盖23盖合于壳体21的开口;
S800:将端盖23与集流构件24焊接,以形成第三焊接部27。
其中,第一焊接部25位于第三焊接部27的内周侧,第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周侧。
在上述方法中,并不限制步骤S100、步骤S200、步骤S300和步骤S400先后顺序,比如,可以先执行步骤S400,再执行步骤S300,再执行步骤S200,再执行步骤S100。
需要说明的是,通过上述各实施例提供的制造方法制造的电池单体20的相关结构,可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20,在此不再赘述。
此外,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20的制造设备2000,请参照图9,图9为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的制造设备2000的结构示意图,制造设备2000包括第一提供装置2100、第二提供装置2200、第三提供装置2300、第四提供装置2400和组装装置2500。第一提供装置2100用于提供壳体21,具有开口。第二提供装置2200用于提供电极组件22,电极组件22具有极耳221。第三提供装置2300用于提供端盖23;第四提供装置2400用于提供集流构件24。组装装置2500用于将集流构件24与极耳221焊接,以形成第一焊接部25和第二焊接部26;组装装置2500还用于将电极组件22容纳于壳体21内;组装装置2500还用于将端盖23盖合于开口。组装装置2500还用于将端盖23与集流构件24焊接,以形成第三焊接部27。其中,第一焊接部25位于第三焊接部27的内周侧,第二焊接部26位于第三焊接部27的外周侧。
需要说明的是,通过上述实施例提供的制造设备2000制造的电池单体20的相关结构,可参见前述各实施例提供的电池单体20,在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池单体,包括:
    壳体,具有开口;
    电极组件,具有极耳,所述电极组件用于容纳于所述壳体内;
    端盖,用于盖合于所述开口;
    集流构件,用于连接所述端盖和所述极耳,以实现所述端盖与所述极耳的电连接;
    其中,所述集流构件与所述极耳焊接并形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部,所述集流构件与所述端盖焊接并形成第三焊接部,所述第一焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的内周侧,所述第二焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的外周侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体,其中,所述集流构件包括:
    本体部,用于与所述极耳相抵并焊接,以形成所述第一焊接部和所述第二焊接部;
    凸部,从所述本体部的外表面沿面向所述端盖的方向凸出,所述凸部用于与所述端盖相抵并焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体,其中,所述本体部包括:
    第一连接部,与所述凸部相连并位于所述凸部的内周侧,所述第一连接部用于与所述极耳相抵并焊接,以形成第一焊接部;
    第二连接部,与所述凸部相连并位于所述凸部的外周侧,所述第二连接部用于与所述极耳相抵并焊接,以形成所述第二焊接部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一连接部的外表面与所述凸部的内周面共同限定出第一避让部,所述第一避让部用于避让所述第一焊接部;
    所述第二连接部的外表面与所述凸部的外周面共同限定出第二避让部,所述第二避让部用于避让所述第二焊接部。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述集流构件与所述凸部相对应的位置形成有凹部,所述凹部从所述本体部的内表面沿面向所述端盖的方向凹陷;
    所述凸部具有用于与端盖相抵的第一抵靠面,所述凸部具有位于所述第一抵靠面与所述凹部的底面之间的第三连接部,所述第三连接部用于与所述端盖焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体,其中,所述凹部为环形槽。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述凸部为环形结构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体,其中,所述端盖具有第二抵靠面,所述集流构件抵靠于所述第二抵靠面并与所述端盖焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部;
    所述端盖上设有从所述第二抵靠面沿背离所述集流构件的方向凹陷的第三避让部和第四避让部,所述第三避让部用于避让所述第一焊接部,所述第四避让部用于避让所述第二焊接部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体,其中,所述集流构件为平板结构。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述端盖包括:
    盖本体,用于盖合于所述开口;
    端子部,从所述盖本体的外表面沿背离所述电极组件的方向凸出;
    所述第三焊接部位于所述端子部的外周侧,在所述端盖的厚度方向上,所述端子部的投影部分或全部覆盖所述第一焊接部。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述端盖上设有焊接槽,所述端盖在所述焊接槽的底部形成有第四连接部,所述第四连接部用于与所述集流构件焊接,以形成所述第三焊接部。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一焊接部为环形结构;或,所述第一焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第一焊接段,所述第一焊接段被配置为连接所述集流构件和所述极耳。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二焊接部为环形结构;或,所述第二焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第二焊接段,所述第二焊接段被配置为连接所述集流构件和所述极耳。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第三焊接部为环形结构;或,所述第三焊接部包括沿周向间隔分布的多个第三焊接段,所述第三焊接段被配置为连接所述集流构件和所述端盖。
  15. 一种电池,包括:
    根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的电池单体;以及
    箱体,用于容纳所述电池单体。
  16. 一种用电设备,包括权利要求15所述的电池。
  17. 一种电池单体的制造方法,所述方法包括:
    提供壳体,具有开口;
    提供电极组件,所述电极组件具有极耳;
    提供端盖;
    提供集流构件;
    将所述集流构件与所述极耳焊接,以形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部;
    将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内;
    将所述端盖盖合于所述开口;
    将所述端盖与所述集流构件焊接,以形成第三焊接部;
    其中,所述第一焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的内周侧,所述第二焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的外周侧。
  18. 一种电池单体的制造设备,所述制造设备包括:
    第一提供装置,用于提供壳体,具有开口;
    第二提供装置,用于提供电极组件,所述电极组件具有极耳;
    第三提供装置,用于提供端盖;
    第四提供装置,用于提供集流构件;
    组装装置,用于将所述集流构件与所述极耳焊接,以形成第一焊接部和第二焊接部;还用于将所述电极组件容纳于所述壳体内;还用于将所述端盖盖合于所述开口;还用于将所述端盖与所述集流构件焊接,以形成第三焊接部;
    其中,所述第一焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的内周侧,所述第二焊接部位于所述第三焊接部的外周侧。
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