WO2023054364A1 - 照明装置 - Google Patents
照明装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023054364A1 WO2023054364A1 PCT/JP2022/035953 JP2022035953W WO2023054364A1 WO 2023054364 A1 WO2023054364 A1 WO 2023054364A1 JP 2022035953 W JP2022035953 W JP 2022035953W WO 2023054364 A1 WO2023054364 A1 WO 2023054364A1
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- light
- emitted
- diffuser
- sun
- exit surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/04—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/02—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters for simulating daylight
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
- F21V14/04—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of reflectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
- F21V3/06—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/40—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/30—Semiconductor lasers
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a lighting device, and more particularly to a lighting device that simulates a natural landscape such as the sky seen through a window.
- the illumination system described in US Pat. No. 6,200,400 comprises one or more sidewalls defining a recess and a light transmissive or light generating region located on the bottom surface of the recess. Further, in the illumination system at least one of the sidewalls has a rectangular light emitting area formed from independently controllable triangular light emitting areas and controls the shape, contrast, intensity or color of light delivered at the sidewall.
- the light-transmitting or light-generating area located on the bottom surface of the recess, if it were an actual window, would be formed by sunlight entering through the window (hereinafter also referred to as incoming light). It simulates the shadow area and the shadow area.
- the lighting system described in Patent Document 2 includes a light source and a lamp umbrella structure.
- the lamp umbrella structure includes a screen structure and a bottom body having a diffuse light generator that acts as a Rayleigh diffuser.
- the light source is arranged to illuminate the top surface of the diffuse light generator generally at approximately 60 degrees, which is the angle of the chief ray.
- the user can perceive the diffused light emitted from the diffused light generator as light simulating a blue sky, and the main ray passing through the diffused light generator can be regarded as direct light from the sun. can be recognized as In this configuration, a user looking at the diffused light generator will see the sun artificially positioned behind the diffused light generator simulating a window.
- Patent Document 1 consists of a light-emitting panel portion that simulates the sky seen through the window (corresponding to the light-transmitting or light-generating region located on the bottom surface of the recess) and a day that simulates incoming light that illuminates the window frame.
- Light sources for different purposes must be placed on the side wall portions forming the shadowed area and the shadowed area. Specifically, it is necessary to arrange a light source for simulating the blue sky on the light emitting panel portion and arrange a light source for simulating incoming light on the side wall portion.
- the color, intensity, and distribution of the light that the user wants to see is different between the luminescent panel that simulates the sky through the window and the side wall that simulates the incoming light that illuminates the window frame, so appropriate light sources are arranged for each. .
- there are problems such as an increase in the size of the device and a complicated configuration due to the mechanism for releasing heat emitted from the light sources, wiring, and the like.
- the more light sources the more energy is consumed, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving.
- the emission surface of the light-emitting panel not only emits scattered light that simulates the sky, but also emits transmitted light that simulates direct sunlight, thereby making the observer see the sky. It is a configuration that makes it look as if you are looking into the sun through a light-emitting panel that simulates the Therefore, from the observer's point of view, the sun is always positioned within a light-emitting panel (equivalent to a diffused light generator acting as a Rayleigh diffuser) simulating one window.
- a light-emitting panel equivalent to a diffused light generator acting as a Rayleigh diffuser
- the present disclosure realizes a smaller size and a simpler structure by sharing the light source for simulating the sky seen through the window and the light source for simulating the incoming light that illuminates the window frame.
- the present disclosure realizes a smaller size and a simpler structure by sharing the light source for simulating the sky seen through the window and the light source for simulating the incoming light that illuminates the window frame.
- a lighting device includes a light source and a scattering structure that scatters incident light, at least one light incident surface, and first emitted light including scattered light generated by the scattering structure.
- a diffuser having a first light exit surface for exiting and a second light exit surface for exiting a second exit light different from the first exit light; and at least one position around the diffuser a sunshade forming portion having a light-transmitting member; and a folded portion for guiding the second emitted light toward the sunshade forming portion.
- a lighting device that reproduces the sky seen through a window, it is possible to further reduce the size and simplify the structure, and to reproduce a natural landscape without limiting the placement location and the number of placements. can.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a lighting device 200 according to Embodiment 1;
- FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of optical paths of light in a diffuser;
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the optical path of the second emitted light to the sun forming portion;
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the illumination device 200;
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the folded portion;
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the folded portion;
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the sun forming part;
- 1 is a front view showing an example of a lighting device 200;
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example lighting device 200.
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the lighting device 200;
- 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a lighting device 200;
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example
- the normal direction of the main light emitting surface of the diffuser is the -Y-axis direction.
- the normal direction of the main light emitting surface of the diffuser is also referred to as the main emission direction of the diffuser and the illumination direction of the lighting device including the diffuser.
- the +Z-axis direction is the direction closer to the traveling direction of the light incident on the diffuser among the directions perpendicular to the main emission direction.
- the main light emitting surface of the diffuser refers to a particularly defined surface among the light emitting surfaces of the diffuser. More specifically, the main light-emitting surface is a light-emitting surface from which the diffuser emits light, and is a surface that the user wants to visually perceive as a window for looking into the sky, more technically, as a light-emitting surface simulating the sky. If it is
- the main light emitting surface is at least one of the two surfaces connected by side surfaces.
- the number of main light emitting surfaces may be two or more.
- the primary light-emitting surface may be two laterally connected surfaces if the two surfaces are laterally connected plate-shaped diffusers.
- the two surfaces connected by the plate-shaped side surfaces are referred to as the main surfaces, and the surfaces connected to the ends of the main surfaces and forming the plate-shaped side surfaces are referred to as the end surfaces or Sometimes called the side.
- the main light-emitting surface is a rod-shaped diffuser having a columnar shape with two bottom surfaces connected by side surfaces, it may be at least one or a part of the side surfaces of the columnar body.
- the side surface connected by the rod-shaped bottom surface if hollow, the outer surface of the side surface
- the main surface is sometimes called an end face or a side face.
- the main light-emitting surface of the diffuser may be the surface or a partial area of the main surface whose normal direction faces the interior when the lighting device including the diffuser is installed instead of a window. good.
- the main light emitting surface is not limited to a flat surface, and may include, for example, a curved surface or an inclined surface.
- the primary emission surface may, for example, be curved, slanted, or a combination of such flat, curved or slanted surfaces. If the primary light emitting surface is not a flat surface, the normal direction of the primary light emitting surface may be the normal direction of the central portion or the normal direction of the tangential plane.
- the main light emitting surface forms all the outer edges in the YZ cross section, such as when all the side surfaces of the cylinder are used as the main light emitting surface, the normal direction of the main light emitting surface may be radial.
- Embodiment 1 A lighting device according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a lighting device 200 according to a first embodiment.
- the +Y axis direction is the ceiling side
- the ⁇ Y axis direction is the indoor side.
- the ZX plane in this case may be a plane parallel to the ceiling surface.
- the +Y axis direction is the wall surface side
- the ⁇ Y axis direction is the indoor side.
- the ZX plane in this case may be a plane parallel to the wall surface.
- a lighting device 200 includes a light source 1 , a diffuser 100 , a folding portion 2 and a sun forming portion 3 . Moreover, the illumination device 200 may further include a back plate 4 and a light shielding portion 5 . Moreover, the illumination device 200 further includes a holding portion 6 that holds each member.
- the diffuser 100 has a light incident surface 101a and a light exit surface 101b.
- the primary light emitting surface is the light exit surface 101b.
- the main light emitting surface may be a partial area of the surface 101b.
- the light incident on the diffuser 100 may be referred to as light Li.
- the scattered light generated inside the diffuser 100 may be referred to as light Ls.
- the light guided through the diffuser 100 may be referred to as the light Lt or the propagating light Lt.
- the term "light guide" refers to propagating light that has entered a certain medium along a predetermined optical path within the medium.
- the light Ls emitted from the main light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 (the light emitting surface 101b in the example of FIG. 1; also referred to as the first light emitting surface) is referred to as the first emitted light or light L1. call.
- the light emitted from the second light exit surface (the light exit surface 101c in the example of FIG. 1) located on the opposite side of the light entrance surface of the diffuser 100 is called the second exit light. Or called light L2.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the optical path of light within the diffuser 100.
- the diffuser 100 receives the light Li emitted from the light source 1 from the light incident surface 101a, which is one of the end surfaces, and guides the light inside as the light Lt while scattering part of the light. Then, it is emitted from the light emitting surface 101b as the first emitted light (L1).
- the light Li is emitted from the end portion side of the light exit surface 101b, which is the main light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 (specifically, the light incident surface 101a corresponding to the end surface of the diffuser 100) along the +Z axis. direction.
- the light Ls is generated by the scattering action of the diffuser 100 on the light Li.
- the diffuser 100 can be seen as a light emitter emitting light close to the natural sky.
- the diffuser 100 as a luminous body that emits the desired light L1 may be referred to as a luminous body 100 or a luminous panel 100 .
- the surface on which the main light emitting surface is formed may be referred to as the front surface, and the opposite surface may be referred to as the rear surface.
- Light emitted from the light source 1 enters the diffuser 100 from the light incident surface 101 a of the diffuser 100 and is guided through the diffuser 100 . At least part of the light guided through the diffuser 100 is scattered and emitted from the diffuser 100 . More specifically, the light guided through the diffuser 100 is scattered inside the diffuser 100 to become scattered light, and at least part of it is emitted from the light exit surface 101b as the first emitted light (light L1). emitted.
- the light exit surface 101b emits at least part of the light Ls scattered by the scattering structure of the diffuser 100.
- the light Li incident from the light incident surface 101a of the diffuser 100 is reflected and guided by the surface 101b (front surface) and the surface 101d (back surface) as light Lt.
- the light Lt is guided by, for example, total internal reflection.
- Part of the light Lt guided through the diffuser 100 is scattered by the scattering structure of the diffuser 100 and emitted from the light exit surface 101b as the light L1.
- part of the light Lt guided through the diffuser 100 that is not scattered, or part of the scattered light that is not emitted from the light exit surface 101b further travels through the diffuser 100. Transmits and guides light.
- the light is scattered by, for example, another scattering structure of the diffuser 100 and emitted from the light exit surface 101b as light L1.
- the light incident on the diffuser 100 is multiple-scattered by the scattering structure.
- at least part of the light that is not emitted from the light exit surface 101b of the diffuser 100 reaches the end surface facing the light entrance surface 101a.
- the end surface facing the light incident surface 101a is provided with a light emitting surface 101c for emitting to the outside the light that has entered the diffuser 100 but has not been emitted from the light emitting surface 101b.
- the light exit surface 101b is the first light exit surface
- the light exit surface 101c is the second light exit surface.
- the light emitted from the light emitting surface 101c is deflected by the folding portion 2, which will be described later, and is emitted from the sun forming portion 3 as light simulating incoming light.
- the first light exit surface (light exit surface 101b) is a surface from which the first exit light simulating the sky is emitted.
- the second light exit surface (light exit surface 101c) is a surface that emits second exit light simulating incoming light.
- lighting device 200 adopts a configuration in which light is incident from the end face of diffuser 100 and the first outgoing light simulating the sky is emitted from the main surface of diffuser 100 .
- the thickness can be reduced compared to a configuration in which light is incident from the rear side of the device.
- the illumination device 200 has a configuration in which the sunlight forming portion 3 expresses the incoming sunlight, unlike the configuration in which the scattered light simulating the sky and the light simulating the direct sunlight are emitted from the main surface.
- An example of the diffuser 100 is a light guide panel, which is a light transmissive member that transmits, reflects, and guides light while partially diffusing (scattering) it. More specific examples include those having a substrate such as a transparent resin and a scattering structure for scattering light. Examples of scattering structures are particles with a refractive index different from that of the substrate, crystals, compositions such as sol-gel cured oxides, voids (holes, voids), uneven structures, and the like. Note that the diffuser 100 is not limited to a specific configuration as long as it is a structure having a scattering ability.
- the diffuser 100 may be internally filled with refractive material and scattering structures, for example.
- refractive materials include transparent resin, glass, or silicone materials. Any material can be used for the diffuser as long as it has optical transparency. From the viewpoint of light utilization efficiency, the higher the light transmittance of the diffuser material, the better. Moreover, since the diffuser 100 is arranged near the light source, it is desirable that the material of the diffuser has excellent heat resistance.
- the diffuser 100 can include multiple types of scattering structures.
- the diffuser 100 may have the following size order for the average size of the multiple types of scattering structures, or the following size order for any one of the multiple types of scattering structures. good. Even in the former case, at least one of the plurality of types of scattering structures preferably has the following size order.
- the diffuser 100 includes a substrate 110 and particles 111, for example.
- Particles 111 are, for example, nanoparticles.
- a "nanoparticle” is a particle having a size on the order of nanometers (nm). Nanoparticles generally refer to particles with a size of 1 nm to several hundred nm.
- the particle 111 is, for example, a particle with a nano-order particle size. Particles 111 may also be, for example, microparticles.
- a "microparticle” is a particle having a size on the order of micrometers ( ⁇ m). Microparticles generally refer to sizes from 1 ⁇ m to several thousand ⁇ m (eg, 5 mm or less). However, if the size of the particles is too large, the presence of the particles in the diffuser 100 becomes conspicuous, resulting in poor visibility such as a rough feeling. Therefore, the size of the particles 111 is desirably 3000 nm or less.
- the particles 111 can be spherical or have another shape.
- Particles 111 are, for example, an inorganic oxide.
- Inorganic oxides are, for example, ZnO, TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and the like.
- the particles 111 scatter the light Li that has entered the diffuser 100 into light Ls. Also, the particles 111 scatter the light Lt propagating through the diffuser 100 into light Ls.
- the base material 110 contains particles 111 .
- Particles 111 may be added to substrate 110 .
- Particles 111 are dispersed in substrate 110, for example.
- the base material 110 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, a transparent material.
- Substrate 110 does not necessarily have to be transparent at all wavelengths of light Li.
- the substrate 110 may have absorption at specific wavelengths among the wavelengths of the light Li.
- the base material 110 preferably has a transmittance (straight transmittance) at a light guide distance of 5 mm of 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and even more preferably 98% or more at the design wavelength.
- the design wavelength may be a predetermined wavelength among the wavelengths of the incident light.
- the design wavelength is not limited to one wavelength, and may be a plurality of wavelengths or a wavelength (wavelength band) having a width.
- the design wavelengths may be one or more of 450 nm, 550 nm and 650 nm, for example, if the incident light is white light.
- the design wavelengths may be three wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm and 650 nm.
- the base material 110 is, for example, solid.
- the substrate 110 may be, for example, a resin plate using a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting resin, a photopolymerizable resin, or the like.
- a resin plate using a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting resin, a photopolymerizable resin, or the like.
- the diffuser 100 may be formed, for example, by performing a curing process in a state in which the particles 111 are dispersed in the material of the base material 110 before curing.
- the base material 110 is not limited to a solid material, and may be a liquid, liquid crystal, or gel material.
- the diffuser 100 may be formed of, for example, a porous material made by a sol-gel method, an organic molecule dispersed material, an organic-inorganic hybrid material (also called an organic-inorganic composite material), or a metal particle dispersed material.
- the diffuser 100 may be an organic-inorganic hybrid resin, such as a hybrid resin of a resin and an inorganic oxide.
- the diffuser 100 has, as a substance corresponding to the particles 111, an inorganic oxide produced by sol-gel curing based on a base material 110 containing an inorganic oxide material and an organic compound. It should be noted that fine holes and the like generated by such a manufacturing process may also be regarded as a scattering structure.
- the diffuser 100 may be, for example, one in which fine unevenness is formed on the surface of the base material 110 .
- the diffuser 100 may be coated with translucent functional coating such as an antireflection coating, an antifouling coating, a heat shielding coating, and a water-repellent coating.
- the diffuser 100 is sandwiched between, for example, two transparent substrates (for example, glass plates) in consideration of its functionality as a window (shock resistance, water resistance, heat resistance, etc.). may In this case, the diffuser 100 may be an interlayer of laminated glass.
- the scattering phenomenon when the diffuser 100 has a structure in which scattering particles are dispersed inside a transparent resin will be described below.
- the light Li incident on the diffuser 100 through the light incident surface 101a is guided through the diffuser 100 as light Lt.
- At least part of the light Lt guided through the diffuser 100 is scattered by the scattering particles.
- the light is then scattered with a dependence on the angle and the wavelength of the light.
- the size of the scattering particles is sufficiently small with respect to the wavelength of the colliding light (here, light Lt)
- the scattered light Ls is isotropic, has little dependency on the scattering angle, and is relatively wavelength-dependent.
- the scattering intensity of short light is higher than that of long wavelength light.
- the scattered light Ls has a relatively large degree of forward scattering compared to backward scattering, and the scattering intensity is relatively large as described above.
- Light with shorter wavelengths is higher than light with longer wavelengths.
- the degree of forward scattering increases and the wavelength dependence of the scattering intensity decreases.
- the scattering intensity by the scattering particles when the wavelength of the light Li is larger than the size of the scattering particles is lower than the scattering intensity by the scattering particles when the wavelength of the light Li is smaller than the size of the scattering particles. . Therefore, for example, when light Lt including a wide wavelength spectrum is incident on the light incident surface 101a, the short-wavelength light Lt is preferentially scattered over the long-wavelength light Lt. In this case, the correlated color temperature of the light emitted from the light exit surface 101 b of the diffuser 100 (first emitted light) is higher than the correlated color temperature of the light Li incident on the diffuser 100 .
- Such a color temperature relationship is effective for allowing the observer to visually recognize the main light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 from which the first emitted light is emitted as a natural window through which the sky can be seen.
- the light emitted from the light exit surface 101c of the diffuser 100 (second emitted light) is the light scattered within the diffuser 100, excluding the first emitted light, out of the light incident on the diffuser 100. (for example, forward scattered light) and non-scattered light (guided light), the color temperature of the light Li entering the diffuser 100 is lower than the color temperature of the first emitted light. Higher than the correlated color temperature.
- Such a color temperature relationship gives the observer a sense of the sun forming part from which the second emitted light is emitted. It is effective for making 3 visible as a window frame illuminated by incoming sunlight.
- a more natural sky can be reproduced due to the angular dependence of the intensity of the first emitted light.
- the illumination device 200 of this embodiment is attached to an indoor ceiling.
- the light source 1 is fixed in the vicinity of the light incident surface 101a, and the observer observes the first light emitting surface (light emitting surface 101b) from below.
- the observer can visually recognize the first light exit surface as blue sky due to the first emitted light (light L1).
- the above example can be expressed using the angular dependence of the intensity of the first emitted light as follows.
- the emission angle of the first emission light when the first emission light travels in the +Z-axis direction is assumed to be 0 deg, and the first emission light is directed in the normal direction of the first light emission surface (in the example of FIG. 2, -
- the intensity of the first emission light when the emission angle is 45 degrees is equal to that of the first emission light when the emission angle is 90 degrees.
- the intensity ratio of the first emitted light when the emission angle is 45 degrees to the intensity of the first emitted light when the emission angle is 90 degrees is preferably in the range of 1.01 to 10 times. A range from 1 to 5 times is more preferable.
- the size of the scattering structure (the particle diameter in the case of particles) is in the range of 10 nm to 3000 nm. within, more preferably within the range of 50 nm to 2000 nm.
- the diffuser 100 may reproduce the color of natural sky such as blue sky (for example, transparent blue) by utilizing Rayleigh scattering or similar scattering of incident light.
- Rayleigh scattering is a scattering phenomenon in which short wavelength light is preferentially scattered among light incident on scattering particles. For example, when light in the visible wavelength band (approximately 350 nm to 850 nm) is incident, light in the blue wavelength band is preferentially scattered. Even in this case, when the light source 1 of the lighting device 200 emits visible light, the light L1 emitted from the diffuser 100 has a higher correlated color temperature than the light source 1 has.
- Rayleigh scattering is a scattering phenomenon that occurs when the size of particles is smaller than the wavelength of light. That is, when light in the visible wavelength band is used as incident light to the diffuser 100, the size of the scattering structure of the diffuser 100 (particle diameter) is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 800 nm.
- the in-plane luminance change of the first light exit surface is small.
- the intensity of diffusion of the diffuser 100 is adjusted by the size and amount (density) of the scattering structure, and the intensity of the first emitted light is set to be lower than the intensity of the second emitted light.
- the thickness of the diffuser 100 can be 100 mm or less.
- the thickness of the diffuser 100 may be 20 mm or less, and may be 10 mm or less.
- the thickness of the diffuser 100 can be 5 mm or less.
- the thickness of diffuser 100 can be less than 1 mm.
- the diffuser 100 is a lighting panel that simulates a blue sky seen through a window in fine weather
- the bright area 302 is the sunny area of the window frame in fine weather
- the dark area 301 is the shade of the window frame in fine weather. It is preferable to be able to simulate regions.
- the bright area 302 when lit that is, the pseudo-sunlight area is brighter than the illumination function by the light L1 of the diffuser 100 when lit, and at the same time, the light L2 emitted from the bright area 302 is diffused. It can be easily imagined that the light has a lower color temperature than the light L1 emitted from the first light emitting surface of the body 100.
- the brightness of a blue sky in fine weather is about 5000 [cd/m2]
- the brightness of a sunny area on a white diffuse reflection surface often used for window frame members is about 30000 [cd/m2].
- the color temperature of light when viewing a clear blue sky is about 20000 [K]
- the color temperature of light when viewing a sunny area on a white diffuse reflection surface is about 5000 [K]. be. Therefore, it is desirable that the magnitude relationship between the luminance of the first light exit surface of the diffuser 100 and the bright area 302 and the color temperature of the light emitted therefrom be maintained as described above.
- the sky seen through the window is not limited to the blue sky in fine weather, but also includes rainy weather, cloudy weather, or both.
- the ratio of the luminous flux emitted from them is more preferably in the range of 20:1 to 1:30.
- the luminance of the first light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 when lit is 100 [cd/m2] to 6000 [cd/m2], more preferably 500 [cd/m2] to 3000 [cd/m2]. m2].
- the brightness of the bright region 302 when lit may be 300 [cd/m2] to 30000 [cd/m2], more preferably 1000 [cd/m2] to 12000 [cd/m2].
- the correlated color temperature of the light L1 emitted from the first light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 may be 10000 [K] to 100000 [K], more preferably 20000 [K] to 80000 [K].
- the correlated color temperature of the light L2 emitted from the bright region 302 may be 2000 [K] to 7000 [K], more preferably 2500 [K] to 6500 [K].
- the difference in correlated color temperature between the light L1 emitted from the first light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 and the light L2 emitted from the bright region 302 may be 20000K or more and 98000K or less.
- the ratio of luminance (or luminous flux) between the bright region 302 and the dark region 301 when lit is desirably in the range of 100:1 to 20:1, more desirably about 10:1.
- this relationship is a condition that is established when the weather is fine, and is not limited to conditions such as cloudy weather and nighttime.
- the sun forming part 3 is an optical member provided at at least one position around the diffuser 100 including the front side of the diffuser 100 .
- the periphery of the diffuser 100 is a concept including a space facing the side surface of the diffuser 100, a space facing the front surface, and a space facing the rear surface.
- the sun forming part 3 is arranged, for example, so that a viewer of the lighting device 200 can visually recognize the front surface, which is the side facing the space facing the first light exit surface.
- the space facing the first light exit surface is a space from which the first emitted light is emitted, and is hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as an irradiation space.
- the sun forming part 3 may be, for example, a frame-like member that imitates a surface (side wall) facing the window among the surfaces constituting the window frame.
- the sun forming part 3 may be provided, for example, in a predetermined area in front of the diffuser 100 (see FIG. 1). Further, the sun forming portion 3 may be provided, for example, in a predetermined region on the side of the diffuser 100 (see FIG. 7 described later).
- the sun forming part 3 may be arranged so as to surround the irradiation space of the lighting device 200 (the space facing the light exit surface 101b).
- the sun forming part 3 may be arranged around the diffuser 100 so as to define the outer edge of the irradiation space.
- the circumference of the diffuser 100 may be a space within 500 mm, for example.
- the sun forming part 3 may be arranged without a gap from the diffuser 100 on the front, rear or side of the diffuser 100 .
- the diffuser 100 and the sun forming portion 3 may be connected with, for example, a cushioning material or the like interposed therebetween. By doing so, it is possible to prevent unnecessary light from being emitted into the irradiation space of the illumination device 200 .
- the sun forming part 3 has at least a light transmissive member.
- the sun forming portion 3 emits the second emitted light (light L2) emitted from the second light emitting surface (light emitting surface 101c) of the diffuser 100 and deflected by the folding portion 2, which will be described later, into the irradiation space. The light is emitted toward (the space facing the light exit surface 101b).
- the example shown in FIG. 1 is an example in which the sun forming portion 3 is formed of a translucent member.
- the sun forming part 3 may further have a light transmitting and diffusing member.
- the sun forming portion 3 emits the second emitted light (light L2) emitted from the second light emitting surface (light emitting surface 101c) of the diffuser 100 and deflected by the folding portion 2 described later. , diffusely transmitted or diffusely reflected to emit toward the irradiation space.
- the light transmitting and diffusing member is made of, for example, a sheet material such as a transmission scattering sheet or a film material, and is arranged on the space side surface of the sun forming portion 3 .
- the sun forming portion 3 may contain scattering particles inside as a light transmitting and diffusing member. In order to improve the light utilization efficiency, it is desirable that the transmittance of the sun forming portion 3 is high.
- the folded portion 2 guides the second emitted light (light L2) emitted from the second light emitting surface (light emitting surface 101c) of the diffuser 100 and deflects the light toward the sun forming portion 3. It is a member.
- the folded portion 2 has at least one reflecting surface.
- the folded portion 2 may be, for example, an optical member having a reflective film or a reflective structure on its surface.
- the folded portion 2 may be made of a highly reflective member such as aluminum, or may be made of a refractive material that performs internal reflection as shown in FIG. 6, which will be described later.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the optical path of the second emitted light to the sun forming section 3.
- the illumination device 200 has two folded portions 2 .
- the second emitted light (light L2) is guided toward the sun forming portion 3 by at least one or more folded portions 2 .
- the folded portion 2 also includes the light emitted from a surface other than the second light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 and the folded portion 2 from the light source 1 without passing through the diffuser 100 .
- Light or the like that has reached the end portion side of the formed diffuser 100 may be guided toward the sun forming portion 3 .
- the light from the light source 1 passes through the gap.
- Li reaches the end side where the folded portion 2 is formed, which is the opposite end side of the light incident surface 101a of the diffuser 100 .
- the folded portion 2 receives the light Li that has passed through the gap from the light source 1 and reached the end portion where the folded portion 2 is formed. 3 may be guided.
- the light source 1 is provided so as to face an end surface forming an end portion of the surface 101b on which the main light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 is formed.
- the light source 1 has a light-emitting surface that emits light Li that is incident on the diffuser 100 , and is arranged so that the light-emitting surface faces the end surface of the diffuser 100 .
- a group (including one case) of light sources or light emitting elements that emit incident light Li to one diffuser 100 is collectively referred to as a light source 1 .
- the light source 1 emits light Li that is incident light on the diffuser 100 .
- the light source 1 emits, for example, white light as the light Li. Further, the light source 1 may emit light having a predetermined correlated color temperature Tci as the light Li, for example.
- the correlated color temperature Tci is 6500K, for example. Also, the correlated color temperature Tci is, for example, 5000K. The correlated color temperature of the light emitted from each light source may be the same or different.
- the color of the light Li emitted from the light source 1 may be any color other than white.
- the light source 1 can include a white light source and a greenish light source.
- the light source 1 can include a white light source, a green light source and an orange light source.
- the light source 1 can also include white light sources of different color temperatures.
- light source 1 may include a high color temperature white light source and a low color temperature white light source.
- the difference in color temperature between white with a high color temperature and white with a low color temperature is, for example, 8800K.
- the correlated color temperature of high color temperature white is, for example, 14400K.
- the correlated color temperature of high color temperature white is, for example, 11500K or higher.
- the correlated color temperature of high color temperature white is, for example, 19000K or less.
- the correlated color temperature of low color temperature white is, for example, 5600K.
- the correlated color temperature of low color temperature white is, for example, 5500K or higher.
- the correlated color temperature of low color temperature white is, for example, 6050K or less.
- the configuration example of the light source 1 and the example of the color temperature of the light Li emitted from the light source 1 described above are merely examples. is adjusted as appropriate in conjunction with the configuration of
- the light source 1 may be arranged facing one end face of the diffuser 100, or may be arranged facing two or more end faces of the diffuser 100 (see FIG. 8 described later). . From the viewpoint of uniform irradiation of the first emitted light from the first light emitting surface, when the main surface shape of the diffuser 100 is a rectangle, the light source 1 is located along the longitudinal side of the main surface of the diffuser 100. It is preferable that it is provided opposite to the end face connected to the . In this case, the light incident surface 101a is formed on the end face connected to the longitudinal side of the main surface of the diffuser 100 .
- the end faces may not face each other.
- the light source 1 included in the illumination device 200 for example, a tube light source such as an incandescent lamp, a halogen lamp, or a fluorescent lamp may be used.
- a semiconductor light source such as a light emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD) may be used. That is, the structure, principle, etc. of the light source 1 are not particularly limited, and any light source may be used. However, a semiconductor light source is preferable as the light source 1 from the viewpoint of reducing the load on the environment, such as suppressing the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and the consumption of fuel.
- CO2 carbon dioxide
- a semiconductor light source is desirable because it has a higher luminous efficiency than a conventional lamp light source represented by a halogen bulb, and it is easy to reduce the size and weight of the semiconductor light source.
- a semiconductor light source has higher directivity than a conventional lamp light source, and can reduce the size and weight of the optical system.
- the light Li in consideration of ZEB (Zero Energy Building), it is possible to substitute the light Li with light guided from outside light (sunlight, etc.).
- a lighting member or a light guide that takes in external light and emits it in a predetermined direction can be used to guide the external light.
- the light source 1 may be the light emitting surface of such a lighting member or light guide.
- the lighting device 200 may comprise the back plate 4 .
- the back plate 4 is provided on the back side of the diffuser 100 (in the ⁇ y-axis direction in this example).
- the rear plate 4 may be provided facing the rear surface (surface 101d) of the diffuser 100 .
- the back plate 4 is an example of a light reflecting member or light absorbing member provided on the back side of the diffuser 100 .
- the back plate 4 has a reflective function or is opaque, and preferably has a transmittance of 50% or less, more preferably 10% or less.
- the back plate 4 is preferably a diffuse reflector, more preferably a white diffuse reflector.
- the back plate 4 may be a light absorber.
- the rear plate 4 may be made of, for example, a highly reflective metal member such as aluminum.
- the back plate 4 is not limited to a flat plate shape.
- the back plate 4 may, for example, be curved, slanted, or a combination of such flat, curved or slanted surfaces.
- the back plate 4 may be made of a sheet material such as a reflective sheet or a film material.
- the back plate 4 may have a specular reflection effect or a diffuse reflection effect (for example, a reflection effect such as Lambertian reflection or Gaussian reflection).
- the back plate 4 may be changeable between open and closed states. Since the back panel 4 is openable and closable, the back panel 4 is opened when the user wants to view the back space or take in external light, and the back space can be viewed through the diffuser 100. - ⁇ Also, the illumination device 200 can be used as a window by taking in outside light.
- the back plate 4 may be changed in the open/closed state by folding the back plate 4 or storing it in a door pocket, for example, like a blind or a shutter.
- the back plate 4 may be able to change the shielding state by applying voltage to the back plate 4, for example, like a liquid crystal shutter.
- the back plate 4 may be changeable in the shielding state by applying voltage to the back plate 4, for example, like a liquid crystal panel.
- the back plate 4 may be integrally supported with the diffuser 100 inside the holding portion 6 .
- the back plate 4 may be integrally supported with the diffuser 100 so as to be openable and closable.
- the back plate 4 reflects, of the light incident on the diffuser 100, the light emitted from the surface 101d (back surface) by transmission, light guiding, or scattering toward the -Y-axis direction.
- the light reflected by the back plate 4 can be converted into the light L1 or the light L2 by the transmission, light guiding, or scattering action of the diffuser 100, thereby improving the light utilization efficiency of the lighting device as a whole.
- the illumination device 200 is also used as a window, the emission of light to the back side may cause light pollution for people on the back side such as outdoors. In such a case, the back plate 4 can reduce light leakage to the back side.
- the illumination device 200 may include the light blocking section 5 .
- the light shielding part 5 is composed of a reflective material or a light absorbing material.
- the light blocking portion 5 is provided to prevent the first emitted light (light L1) from entering the sun forming portion 3 through the irradiation space.
- the light shielding part 5 suppresses the second emitted light (light L2) from entering the diffuser 100 via the space facing the sun forming part 3 (this is a concept including the irradiation space).
- the light shielding part 5 is provided at, for example, at least one position between the diffuser 100 (especially the first light exit surface) and the sun forming part 3 .
- the first emitted light (light L1) is emitted to the entire emission possible range without providing the light shielding portion 5, the first emitted light is emitted from the sun forming portion.
- at least one position on the optical path through which 3 is reached is provided so as to block the optical path.
- the second emitted light (light L2) is emitted to the entire emission range of the second emitted light (light L2) without providing the light shielded portion 5
- the second emitted light is emitted from the diffuser 100.
- at least one position on the optical path that reaches the first light exit surface of is provided so as to block the optical path.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which the light blocking portion 5 is provided on the main surface of the diffuser 100 .
- the illumination function of the first emitted light emitted from the first light emitting surface and the illumination function of the second emitted light emitted from the sun forming portion 3 are realized.
- By separating the it is possible to suppress reflection of unnecessary light on the diffuser 100 and the sun forming portion 3 .
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the lighting device 200 according to the first embodiment.
- lighting device 200 may further include a color conversion member 7 .
- the color conversion member 7 converts the second emitted light (light L2) emitted from the diffuser 100 in order to emit light with a favorable color temperature from the sunlight forming portion 3 .
- the second emitted light emitted from the diffuser 100 is converted into light having a correlated color temperature lower than the correlated color temperature of the second emitted light.
- the second emitted light before conversion by the color conversion member 7 may be referred to as light L21
- the second emitted light before conversion by the color conversion member 7 may be referred to as light L22.
- the color conversion member 7 is, for example, a transparent resin or sheet in which a color filter or a phosphor element is encapsulated. It is desirable that the color conversion member 7 have a high transmittance in order to improve the light utilization efficiency.
- the color conversion member 7 is provided, for example, on the optical path of the second emitted light from the second light emission surface (light emission surface 101c) of the diffuser 100 to the sun forming section 3.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which the color conversion member 7 is arranged in contact with the rear surface of the sun forming section 3 .
- the arrangement of the color conversion member 7 is not limited to this.
- the color conversion member 7 may be arranged in contact with the second light exit surface, and in that case, may be formed integrally with the diffuser 100 .
- FIG. 5 and 6 are configuration diagrams showing other examples of the folded portion 2.
- the reflective surface of the folded portion 2 is flat, but the shape of the reflective surface of the folded portion 2 is not limited to a planar shape, and may be curved, for example.
- the folded portion 2 may be a light guide member made of a refractive material. In that case, the second emitted light is guided to the sun forming portion 3 by utilizing internal reflection of the light guide member while being guided inside the light guide member.
- the light guide member may be, for example, a polyhedron.
- the light guide member may be made of, for example, transparent resin with high transmittance.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the sun forming section 3.
- the sun forming part 3 is arranged perpendicular (90 degrees) to the first light exit surface (light exit surface 101b) of the diffuser 100, but the sun forming part 3 , may be arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the first light exit surface.
- the inclination angle ⁇ of the sun forming part 3 is desirably 90 degrees to 150 degrees with reference to the angle of the first light exit surface on the YZ plane.
- ⁇ may be the angle of the front surface (surface on the irradiation space side) of the sun forming portion 3 with respect to the first light exit surface.
- the lighting device 200 when the lighting device 200 is attached to the ceiling or the wall surface, the second emitted light emitted from the sun forming portion 3 is used as illumination light. Further, by simulating a state in which the sun forming part 3 is illuminated by the sunlight coming through the window, a more natural landscape can be reproduced.
- the illumination device 200 can include one or more light sources for multiple sides of the main light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 .
- FIG. 8 shows an example in which the light sources are arranged with respect to two sides (sides a and b) that are not opposed to each other among the four sides (sides a to d) of the main light emitting surface of the diffuser 100 .
- the sun forming part 3 is provided around the end corresponding to each of the four sides.
- the light source 1 provided on the side a is indicated as a light source 1a
- the light source 1 provided on the side b is indicated as a light source 1a
- the sun forming portion 3 provided around the edge on the side a is replaced with the sun forming portion 3a
- the sun forming portion 3 provided around the end on the side b is replaced with the sun.
- Forming portion 3b, the sun forming portion 3 provided around the edge on the side c is referred to as the sun forming portion 3c
- the sun forming portion 3 provided around the end on the side d is referred to as the sun forming portion. 3d.
- side a and side c face each other
- side b and side d face each other.
- the light emitted from the light source 1a enters from the light incident surface provided at the end of the diffuser 100 on the side a. Then, part of the light that has entered the diffuser 100 is emitted as second emitted light (light L2) from the second light emitting surface provided at the end on the opposite side c side, and passes through the folded portion 2. The light passes through and is emitted from the sun forming portion 3c. Further, the light emitted from the light source 1b is incident from the light incident surface provided at the end of the diffuser 100 on the side b side.
- Part of the light that has entered the diffuser 100 is emitted as second emitted light from the second light emitting surface provided at the end of the opposite side d, passes through the folded portion 2, and passes through.
- the light is emitted from the forming portion 3d. That is, of the sun forming portions 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d, the second emitted light is emitted from the sun forming portion 3c and the sun forming portion 3d.
- the sun forming portion 3d emits light. Thereby, the sun forming part 3c and the sun forming part 3d can be simulated as if they are illuminated by sunlight.
- the illumination device 200 can be simulated as if the sunlight Cr indicated by the angle in the figure is shining.
- the simulated sunlight Cr in the figure appears to be coming in in the ⁇ X-axis direction, ⁇ Y-axis direction, and +Z-axis direction.
- the second outgoing light emitted from the sunshade forming portion 3c in the -Z direction is configured to faintly illuminate the surface of the sunshade forming portion 3a provided on the opposite side a.
- the second emitted light emitted from the sunshade forming portion 3d in the X direction faintly illuminates the surface of the sunshade forming portion 3b provided on the opposite side b.
- the phenomenon that the opposing surface is illuminated by the reflection of the incoming light that illuminates the window frame is a phenomenon that can actually be seen during the daytime when the sunlight is strong. By configuring in this way, a more natural landscape can be reproduced.
- the first emitted light (light L1) is isotropically emitted from the first light emitting surface in the -Y-axis direction.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the lighting device 200 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of lighting device 200 shown in FIG. 10 as seen from the +Z-axis direction.
- 11A is a cross-sectional view showing a physical configuration example of the lighting device 200 shown in FIG. 10
- FIG. 11B is a functional configuration example of the lighting device 200 shown in FIG. It is a sectional view showing.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of the illumination device 200 shown in FIG. 10 as seen from an observer.
- the lighting device 200 can further include a light amount adjusting section 8.
- the sun forming portion 3 includes a dark region 301 and a bright region 302 .
- the dark region 301 is a region simulating a shadow formed by light from the sun on the sun forming portion 3 .
- the bright area 302 is an area that simulates the sun formed by the incoming light on the sun forming part 3 .
- the light amount adjustment unit 8 adjusts the intensity of the light from the dark region 301 toward the irradiation space (the space facing the light exit surface 101 b ) of the lighting device 200 among the light incident on the sun forming unit 3 to the bright region 302 . It may also be a light restricting member that weakens the intensity of the light directed toward the irradiation space. A light limiting member is also called a mask.
- the light amount adjusting unit 8 allows the light incident on the sun forming unit 3 to enter the front surface of the sun forming unit 3 (the surface on the side of the irradiation space) or the back surface of the sun forming unit 3.
- the optical path includes not only the optical path from the diffuser 100 to the sun forming section 3, but also the second light forming section facing the irradiation space from the first sun forming section 3.
- the optical path to the sun-forming part 3, the optical path within the sun-forming part 3 and the surface of the sun-forming part 3 are included.
- the area corresponding to the dark area 301 on the optical path means that, at any position on the optical path (position in the traveling direction of light), when the light traveling along the optical path passes through that area, It refers to a region where light travels from the dark region 301 on the machete forming part 3 toward the irradiation space.
- the area corresponding to the bright area 302 on such an optical path is an arbitrary position on such an optical path (position in the direction in which light travels) when the light traveling along the optical path passes through that area. , an area where light travels from the bright area 302 on the sun forming part 3 toward the irradiation space. .
- the light amount adjustment unit 8 has a light shielding function that prevents part of the second emitted light (light L2) from reaching the sun formation unit 3, for example.
- the light amount adjusting section 8 may be an optical member that absorbs or reflects at least part of incident light. In order to improve the efficiency of light utilization, it is preferable that the light amount adjusting section 8 be made of a member having a high reflectance.
- the dark region 301 formed in at least one sun forming portion 3 can be formed in the sun forming portion 3 or other sun forming portions 3. The observer visually recognizes it as an area darker than the bright area 302 .
- the light amount adjusting section 8 is arranged in contact with the rear surface of the sun forming section 3.
- the dark region 301 formed on the sun forming portion 3 has the same shape as the light quantity adjusting portion 8 (see FIG. 11B).
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an example of the illumination device 200 as seen from the observer when light sources are provided on two adjacent sides (side a and side c) of the diffuser 100, as in the example shown in FIG. is.
- the light emitting state is divided into a dark region 301 and a bright region 302 in the sun forming portion 3c and the sun forming portion 3d, respectively. That is, the light emission state is divided into the dark region 301c and the light region 302c in the sun formation portion 3c, and the light emission state is divided into the dark region 301d and the light region 302d in the sun formation portion 3d.
- the shapes of the dark area 301c, the bright area 302c, the dark area 301d, and the bright area 302d simulate the state of the window frame when the simulated sunlight Cr is blocked by the light shielding unit 5 and the holding unit 6. preferably (see also FIG. 10).
- the light source for simulating the sky seen through the window and the light source for simulating the incoming light that illuminates the window frame are shared to further reduce the size.
- the simplification of the structure can be realized, and a natural landscape can be reproduced without limiting the placement location and the number of placements.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本開示にかかる実施の形態1による照明装置について、図面を参照して説明する。
図1は、実施の形態1にかかる照明装置200の構成例を示す断面図である。例えば、図1に示す照明装置200が屋内の天井面に取り付けられる場合、+Y軸方向が天井側であり、-Y軸方向が屋内側である。また、この場合のZX平面は天井面に平行な面であってもよい。また、例えば、図1に示す照明装置200が屋内の壁面に取り付けられる場合、+Y軸方向が壁面側であり、-Y軸方向が屋内側である。また、この場合のZX平面は壁面に平行な面であってもよい。
拡散体100は、光入射面101aと、光出射面101bとを有する。図1に示す例において、主発光面は光出射面101bである。なお、主発光面は面101bの一部の領域であってもよい。
以下、一例として、拡散体100が透明樹脂内部に散乱粒子を分散させた構成であるときの散乱現象を説明する。光入射面101aより拡散体100に入射した光Liは、光Ltとして拡散体100内を導光する。拡散体100内を導光する光Ltのうち、少なくとも一部は散乱粒子で散乱する。このとき、該光は、角度および光の波長に対する依存性を持って散乱する。例えば、衝突する光(ここでは、光Lt)の波長に対して散乱粒子の大きさが十分小さい場合、散乱光Lsは等方的であり散乱角度の依存性が小さく、また相対的に波長の短い光の散乱強度が波長の長い光の散乱強度よりも高くなる。
m2]であってもよい。これに対して、点灯時の明部領域302の輝度は300[cd/m2]~30000[cd/m2]、より好ましくは1000[cd/m2]~12000[cd/m2]であってもよい。また、拡散体100の第1の光出射面から出射される光L1の相関色温度は10000[K]~100000[K]、より好ましくは20000[K]~80000[K]であってもよい。これに対して、明部領域302から出射される光L2の相関色温度は2000[K]~7000[K]、より好ましくは2500[K]~6500[K]であってもよい。
日なた形成部3は、拡散体100の前面側を含む拡散体100の周囲の少なくとも1つの位置に設けられる光学部材である。ここで、拡散体100の周囲は、拡散体100の側面と面する空間、前面と面する空間及び背面と面する空間を含む概念である。日なた形成部3は、例えば、第1の光出射面と面する空間を向く側である表側の面が、照明装置200の観察者から視認可能なように配置される。なお、第1の光出射面と面する空間は、第1の出射光が出射される空間であり、以下、単に照射空間と呼ぶ場合がある。日なた形成部3は、例えば、窓枠を構成する面のうち窓側を向く面(側壁)を模したフレーム状部材であってもよい。
折り返し部2は、拡散体100の第2の光出射面(光出射面101c)から出射された第2の出射光(光L2)を、日なた形成部3に向かう光に偏向する導光部材である。折り返し部2は、少なくとも1つの反射面を有する。折り返し部2は、例えば、表面に反射膜又は反射構造を備える光学部材であってもよい。例えば、折り返し部2は、アルミニウム等の反射率の高い部材で構成されてもよいし、後述する図6に示すような内部反射を行う屈折材で構成されてもよい。
光源1は、拡散体100の主発光面が形成される面101bの端部を構成する端面に対向して備えられる。例えば、光源1は、拡散体100への入射光となる光Liを出射する発光面を備え、該発光面が拡散体100の端面に対向するように配置される。なお、1つの拡散体100に対して複数の光源1を備えることも可能である。本実施の形態では、1つの拡散体100に対して入射光Liを放射する一群(1つの場合を含む)の光源または発光素子をまとめて光源1と呼ぶ。
既に説明したように、照明装置200は、背面板4を備えてもよい。背面板4は、拡散体100の背面側(本例では、-y軸方向)に備えられる。背面板4は、拡散体100の背面(面101d)に対向して備えられてもよい。なお、背面板4と拡散体100との距離は近い方が好ましい。なお、背面板4は、拡散体100の背面側に設けられる光反射部材または光吸収部材の一例である。
また、照明装置200が窓としても利用される場合、背面側に光が出射されることは、屋外など背面側に居る人にとって光害となる可能性もある。そのような場合に、背面板4により、背面側への光漏れを低減することができる。
既に説明したように、照明装置200は、遮光部5を備えてもよい。遮光部5は、反射材または光吸収材で構成される。遮光部5は、第1の出射光(光L1)が照射空間を介して日なた形成部3に入射するのを抑制するために設けられる。また、遮光部5は、第2の出射光(光L2)が日なた形成部3と面する空間(これは照射空間を含む概念である)を介して拡散体100に入射するのを抑制するために設けられる。
図4は、実施の形態1に係る照明装置200の他の例を示す構成図である。図4に示すように、照明装置200は、色変換部材7をさらに備えてもよい。色変換部材7は、日なた形成部3から良好な色温度の光を出射させるために、拡散体100から出射された第2の出射光(光L2)を変換する。具体的には、拡散体100から出射された第2の出射光を、該第2の出射光が有する相関色温度よりも低い相関色温度を有する光に変換する。以下、色変換部材7の変換前の第2の出射光を光L21、色変換部材7の変換前の第2の出射光を光L22という場合がある。ここで、光L22の色温度は、光L21の色温度よりも低い。色変換部材7は、例えば、カラーフィルターや、蛍光体素子が封入された透明樹脂やシートである。色変換部材7は、光利用効率の向上を図るために透過率が高いことが望ましい。
。
100 拡散体
101a 光入射面
101b 光出射面(第1の光出射面)
101c 光出射面(第2の光出射面)
101d 背面
110 基材
111 粒子
1、1a、1b 光源
2 折り返し部
3、3a、3b、3c、3d 日なた形成部
301 暗部領域
302 明部領域
4 背面板
5 遮光部
6 保持部
7 色変換部材
8 光量調整部
Claims (14)
- 光源と、
入射した光を散乱させる散乱構造を有するとともに、少なくとも1つの光入射面と、前記散乱構造によって生じた散乱光を含む第1の出射光を出射する第1の光出射面と、前記第1の出射光とは異なる第2の出射光を出射する第2の光出射面とを有する拡散体と、
前記拡散体の周囲の少なくとも1つの位置に設けられ、光透過性部材を有する日なた形成部と、
前記第2の出射光を前記日なた形成部に向けて導光する折り返し部と、を備える
ことを特徴とする照明装置。 - 前記第1の出射光は、前記第1の光出射面から前記第1の光出射面と面する空間に出射され、
前記第2の出射光の少なくとも一部は、前記折り返し部によって偏向されて前記日なた形成部から前記空間に向けて出射される
請求項1に記載の照明装置。 - 前記第2の出射光は、前記拡散体に入射した光のうち前記散乱構造によって散乱されなかった光を含み、
前記第1の出射光の相関色温度は、前記第2の出射光の相関色温度よりも高い
請求項1または請求項2に記載の照明装置。 - 前記第1の出射光の強度は、前期第2の出射光の強度よりも低い
請求項1から請求項3のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。 - 前記光入射面は、前記第1の光出射面の第1の端部に位置し、
前記第2の光出射面は、前記第1の光出射面の前記第1の端部と対向する第2の端部に位置する
請求項1から請求項4のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。 - 前記第1の光出射面が、矩形あるいは正方形である請求項1から請求項5のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記光源と、前記日なた形成部とが、前記拡散体を挟んで対向する位置に配置される請求項1から請求項6のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記第1の光出射面と前記日なた形成部との間の少なくとも1つの位置に、遮光部を備える請求項1から請求項7のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記第2の光出射面から前記日なた形成部までの第2の出射光の光路上に、色変換部材を備える請求項1から請求項8のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記日なた形成部は、暗部領域と明部領域とを含み、
前記日なた形成部に入射する光のうち前記暗部領域から前記照明装置の照射空間に向かう光の強度を、前記明部領域から前記照射空間に向かう光の強度よりも弱める光量調整部を備える
請求項1から請求項9のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。 - 前記散乱構造の大きさが、10nmから3000nmの範囲内である請求項1から請求項10のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記第1の光出射面に対する前記日なた形成部の前面の角度が、90度から150度の範囲内である請求項1から請求項11のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記第1の光出射面から出射される第1の出射光によって、前記第1の光出射面が窓越しに見える空を模擬し、
前記日なた形成部から出射される第2の出射光によって、前記日なた形成部が窓枠を照らす差し込み光を模擬する
請求項1から請求項12のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。 - 前記拡散体は、2以上の光入射面を有し、
前記第1の光出射面、前記第2の光出射面、前記折り返し部および前記日なた形成部は、前記2以上の光入射面のそれぞれに対応して複数設けられる
請求項1から請求項13のうちのいずれか1項に記載の照明装置。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18/682,441 US12504150B2 (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-27 | Illumination device |
| CN202280064263.1A CN117999435A (zh) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-27 | 照明装置 |
| EP22876230.8A EP4411207A4 (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-27 | LIGHTING DEVICE |
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| JP2021-159790 | 2021-09-29 | ||
| JP2021159790A JP7386835B2 (ja) | 2021-09-29 | 2021-09-29 | 照明装置 |
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| US (1) | US12504150B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4411207A4 (ja) |
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| WO2024240567A1 (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2024-11-28 | Signify Holding B.V. | An artificial skylight device |
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| JP2024022001A (ja) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-02-16 | 株式会社カネカ | 疑似窓装置 |
| WO2026021904A1 (en) * | 2024-07-23 | 2026-01-29 | Signify Holding B.V. | Luminaire |
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| WO2015055430A1 (en) | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-23 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Lighting system |
| JP2016540349A (ja) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-12-22 | フィリップス ライティング ホールディング ビー ヴィ | 照明システム |
| JP2020191308A (ja) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-11-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 照明器具 |
| WO2020240664A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-12-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 照明装置 |
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| JP5137493B2 (ja) | 2007-08-09 | 2013-02-06 | シャープ株式会社 | 照明装置 |
| BR112016020450A2 (pt) | 2014-03-10 | 2017-10-24 | Coelux Srl | sistema de iluminação |
| JP6887122B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 | 2021-06-16 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 照明システム |
-
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- 2022-09-27 EP EP22876230.8A patent/EP4411207A4/en active Pending
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015055430A1 (en) | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-23 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Lighting system |
| JP2016540349A (ja) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-12-22 | フィリップス ライティング ホールディング ビー ヴィ | 照明システム |
| JP2020191308A (ja) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-11-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 照明器具 |
| WO2020240664A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-12-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 照明装置 |
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| WO2024240567A1 (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2024-11-28 | Signify Holding B.V. | An artificial skylight device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2023049812A (ja) | 2023-04-10 |
| JP7386835B2 (ja) | 2023-11-27 |
| EP4411207A4 (en) | 2025-01-15 |
| US20250129913A1 (en) | 2025-04-24 |
| CN117999435A (zh) | 2024-05-07 |
| US12504150B2 (en) | 2025-12-23 |
| EP4411207A1 (en) | 2024-08-07 |
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