WO2023061426A1 - 太阳能储能及发电系统 - Google Patents

太阳能储能及发电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023061426A1
WO2023061426A1 PCT/CN2022/125028 CN2022125028W WO2023061426A1 WO 2023061426 A1 WO2023061426 A1 WO 2023061426A1 CN 2022125028 W CN2022125028 W CN 2022125028W WO 2023061426 A1 WO2023061426 A1 WO 2023061426A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
box
power generation
solar energy
generation system
energy storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/125028
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林郅燊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WINNER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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WINNER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WINNER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd filed Critical WINNER TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority to US18/701,090 priority Critical patent/US12562681B2/en
Priority to JP2024519919A priority patent/JP7778421B2/ja
Priority to AU2022365135A priority patent/AU2022365135B2/en
Priority to EP22880362.3A priority patent/EP4407253A4/en
Priority to MX2024004491A priority patent/MX2024004491A/es
Publication of WO2023061426A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023061426A1/zh
Priority to ZA2024/02694A priority patent/ZA202402694B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/10—Protective covers or shrouds; Closure members, e.g. lids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/20—Cleaning; Removing snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/40—Casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/20—Optical components
    • H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S2030/10—Special components
    • F24S2030/18—Load balancing means, e.g. use of counter-weights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/12—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/54—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings using evacuated elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking

Definitions

  • the invention is related to solar heat collection and power generation, in particular to a concentrating solar energy storage and power generation system capable of improving sunlight utilization and miniaturization.
  • Concentrating solar power has been developed for decades, but it has not been widely used.
  • One of the reasons is that the utilization rate of sunlight collection and conversion is not high.
  • the loss there is also the loss of light energy caused by the reflection of the light energy received by the receiver during conversion or saturation, and the receiver exposed to the atmosphere will also have a relatively high convective heat loss, and the high temperature resistant giant generator set It is even more difficult to manufacture and the cost is high, so the use temperature is limited and the conversion efficiency is greatly affected.
  • the installation environment also occupies a large area, and the light energy cannot be blocked in time when there is a fire. It is not suitable for use in urban areas, and it will increase excessively The cost of electricity transportation and high temperature and light damage harm birds and the environment.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar energy storage and power generation system, especially a concentrating solar energy storage and power generation system capable of improving sunlight utilization and miniaturization.
  • the present invention provides a solar energy storage and power generation system, which has a box body arranged on a base, a heat collecting device is arranged in the box body, and at least one lens is arranged on the top surface of the box body, wherein
  • the box body is a hollow box body, and a plurality of liquid level counterweight devices are respectively arranged at each corner position inside the box body.
  • the optical path mechanism is a light guide mirror group or a Light pipe set.
  • it also includes a universal adjustment member arranged on the base and corresponding to the center of gravity of the box.
  • the inside of the box is a vacuum chamber.
  • a heat storage tank is arranged in the box and connected to a heat transfer device of the heat collecting device, and the heat storage tank has an output pipe and an input pipe passing through one side of the box.
  • the liquid level counterweight device has a liquid level adjustment controller for introducing liquid from an external water source into the liquid level counterweight device or discharging liquid discharged from the liquid level counterweight device into a liquid storage tank.
  • a lifting roller blind is arranged on the box body, the lifting roller blind is used to cover the top surface of the box body, and a cleaning device is arranged between the lifting roller blind and the box body.
  • the aforementioned heat collecting device has a light absorbing body, and the light absorbing body is a hollow cavity.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a light path diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cleaning device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a light path diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 depict a kind of solar energy system, have a box body 10 and be arranged on a base 15, and this box body 10 is a rectangular box body, and this solar energy system comprises a heat collecting device 30 and is arranged on the In the box body 10, at least one lens 12 is provided on the top surface of the box body 10, the lens 12 is preferably a Fresnel lens, the light absorption rate of the lens 12 is less than 5%, and at least one optical path mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the at least one Between the lens 12 and the heat collecting device 30 is used to collect the light L irradiated on the at least one lens 12 , and the optical path mechanism is separated from the at least one lens 12 by a distance.
  • the inside of the box 10 is a vacuum chamber for reducing light loss and achieving heat insulation.
  • the heat collecting device 30 adopted in the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention includes a light absorber 31 connected to a heat storage tank 32, wherein the light absorber 31 is a hollow spherical cavity, and the inside of the light absorber 31 There is a light-absorbing layer (not shown) on the surface, and the light-absorbing layer can achieve at least 95% light absorption rate.
  • the heat collecting device 30 is not limited to the aforementioned structure, and may be any form of heat collecting device 30 .
  • the optical path mechanism is a light guide group
  • the guide The light pipe group has a plurality of light pipes 21 arranged at intervals, and the part of the light pipe 21 close to the top surface of the box body 10 is a plurality of pipes arranged at intervals, and one end of the light pipe group is connected to the heat collecting device 30
  • the other end of a light absorbing body 31 is spaced from the lens 12 by a distance which is roughly equal to the focal length of the lens 12, thereby reducing the inner diameter of the light guide tube 21.
  • a reflective layer 21a is disposed on the inner surface of the light pipe 21, the reflective layer 21a receives the light L reflected from the lens 12, and an insulating layer 21b is disposed on the outside of the light pipe 21
  • the insulation layer 21b has the characteristics of low thermal conductivity, low radiation loss and high temperature resistance, and the material of the insulation layer 21b can be but not limited to zirconia, diatomaceous earth, ceramic wool, porous mixture or nanomaterials.
  • the box body 10 can be optionally arranged on a base 15, and a heat collecting device 30 is arranged in the box body 10.
  • the heat collecting device 30 has a light absorbing body 31 connected to a heat storage tank 32.
  • the heat tank 32 has an output pipe 321 and an input pipe 322 pierced on one side of the box body 10, the external liquid is input into the heat storage tank 32 through the input pipe 322, when the heat storage tank 32 contacts the heat collecting device 30 of the light absorber 31, the temperature of the light absorber 31 is transferred to the heat storage tank 32, so that the liquid in the heat storage tank 32 is heated and vaporized, and the gas flows out from the output pipe 321 to the power generation device (not shown in the figure) , and use the fluid kinetic energy to drive the power generation device to generate electricity, or it can perform multi-task operations such as desalination of seawater or hydrogen production by steam reforming.
  • FIG. 2 is a path diagram of light in the light pipe 21.
  • the top surface of the box body 10 faces the position facing the sun, and the light L is refracted by the lens 12 and focused in the light pipe 21. , and enter the light-absorbing body 31 of the heat-collecting device 30 after multiple reflections by the reflective layer 21a; In addition, the light-absorbing layer will also convert the light L into heat energy.
  • the light-absorbing body 31 conducts the heat energy to the heat storage tank 32, and then conducts the heat energy to external facilities through the output pipe 321, such as conducting the heat energy to the water storage tank, so that The liquid in the storage tank is heated up and used as hot water.
  • the light absorber 31 is in direct contact with the heat storage tank 32 , which can reduce the loss of heat energy during the transfer process.
  • a lifting roller blind 50 is also installed on the top surface of the box body 10, and the lifting roller blind 50 is used to cover the top surface of the box body.
  • the lifting roller blind 50 can be used to shield sunlight and block the heat source;
  • a cleaning device is also provided between the lifting roller blind 50 and the top surface of the box body 10, and the cleaning device can be a roller brush 52 and/or sprinkler 51, when the heat collecting device 30 fails or is temporarily not in use, the lifting roller blind 50 can be pulled up to cover the top surface of the box body 10, so as to block the sun's rays L and prevent the heat collecting device 30 from In addition to being burned, it can also prevent dust, hail and other foreign matter from causing damage to the casing 10.
  • the effect of cleaning the surface of the casing 10 is also achieved when the lifting roller shutter 50 is raised and lowered.
  • the direction of the bottom surface of the lifting roller blind 50 rotates, so the foreign objects on the lifting roller blind 50 can also be dropped due to gravity when the lifting roller blind 50 is retracted, so as to achieve the effect of self-cleaning.
  • the optical path mechanism is a light guide lens group, each of the lenses 12 and the collector
  • the optical paths between the thermal devices 30 all have at least one focal length conversion lens 63, at least one reflector 62 and at least one focusing lens 61 arranged in sequence in the box, wherein the focal length conversion lens 63 is relatively close to the lens 12.
  • the focusing lens 61 is arranged relatively close to the heat collecting device 30, and the reflector 62 is arranged between the focal length conversion lens 63 and the focusing lens 61, so a high, There are three different temperature ranges, medium and low, so that the light-collecting materials can be selected more effectively to reduce costs.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the light path of light L entering the heat collecting device through the optical path mechanism.
  • the light L enters the box 10 after being refracted by the lens 12, the light L is refracted to the reflector 62 through the focal length conversion lens 63, and then passes through the The reflection mirror 62 is reflected to the focusing lens 61, and the light L enters the light absorbing body 31 through the focusing lens 61, so that the light L is continuously reflected and absorbed in the heat collecting device 30, thereby generating heat energy, which is absorbed by the light absorbing body 31
  • the heat energy is conducted to the heat storage tank 32 , and then the heat energy is conducted to external facilities through the output pipe 321 , for example, the heat energy is conducted to the water storage tank, so that the liquid in the water storage tank is heated up and used as hot water.
  • the heat collecting device 30 adopted in the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment of the present invention includes a light absorber 41 connected to a heat transfer groove 42, a A heat transfer device 43 is arranged on the heat transfer tank 42, and the heat transfer device 43 may be but not limited to a heat transfer tube; and a thermoelectric chip module is arranged 44 between the heat transfer tank 42 and a heat transfer device 43, wherein the The light absorbing body 41 is a hollow spherical cavity, and the heat transfer groove 42 on the top of the light absorbing body 41 is connected to the heating end of the thermoelectric chip module 44 or connected to the heat transfer device 43 through filling a heat conducting medium.
  • thermoelectric chip module 44 When a thermoelectric chip module is installed At 44, the heat transfer device 43 is connected to the cold end of the thermoelectric chip module 44.
  • the light L enters the box 10 after being refracted by the lens 12, the light L is continuously reflected in the light absorber 41 and is absorbed to generate heat energy.
  • Some heat energy is transferred to the thermoelectric chip module 44 or the heat transfer device 43 through the heat conduction medium, and the heat transfer device 43 conducts the heat energy to the heat storage tank 32 or external facilities for application. In this way, not only can the thermoelectric chip module 44 be effectively used for power generation, but also the waste heat energy of the thermoelectric chip module 44 can be transferred to the heat storage tank 32 or used in external facilities to improve energy efficiency.
  • the heat collecting device 30 is not limited to the aforementioned structure, and may be any form of heat collecting device.
  • the box 10 is a rectangular box with a universal adjustment member 151 arranged on the base. on the seat 15, and the setting position of the universal adjustment member 151 is set corresponding to the center of gravity position of the counterweight of the box body 10 (that is, the center point position of the diagonal line of the box body), so as to facilitate the adjustment of the setting angle of the box body 10 , and have four liquid level counterweight devices 70 arranged at the four corners inside the box body 10, the liquid level counterweight device 70 is a water tank, the sun rises from the east and sets from the west every day, in order to completely collect sunlight , by setting the liquid level counterweight device 70 and using it with the universal adjustment member 151, the liquid volume in each water tank is individually controlled according to the position of the sun, so that the tank 10 presents different installation angles, for example, When the irradiation angle of the sun is on the right side of the box body 10, the liquid volume in the two water
  • the number of the liquid level counterweight device 70 is two, and they are respectively arranged at the center points of the two long sides or the two short sides inside the box body 10, so as to achieve the control of the aforementioned control box body 10.
  • the box body 10 may also be of other symmetrical geometric structures.
  • the liquid level counterweight device 70 also has a liquid level adjustment controller, and the liquid level counterweight device 70 is connected to an external water source 72 and a Liquid storage tank 74, the liquid level adjustment controller is used to control the liquid in the water tank, the liquid from the external water source 72 is introduced into the water tank or the liquid discharged from the water tank is discharged into the liquid storage tank 74 to facilitate resource reuse, to control The inclination angle of the box body 10 achieves the effect of chasing the sun.
  • the controller uses the water pressure and liquid level adjustment controller of the external water source 72 to control the liquid level of the water tank to change the inclination angle of the tank 10, so as to achieve the function of tracking the sun without using the power motor to save power consumption.
  • the controller is adjusted to control the discharge of the liquid in the part of the water tank, so that the inclination angle of the casing 10 is returned to the initial position in the morning.
  • the present invention is to control the top surface of the box 10 by setting the box 10 on the base 15 with the universal adjustment member 151, and adjusting the liquid capacity in the liquid level breeding device 70 by the liquid level adjustment controller.
  • the position facing the sun achieves the effect of chasing the sun, and it is equipped with a heat collector with high light collection to achieve a solar energy storage and power generation system with miniaturization and high sunlight utilization.

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Abstract

一种太阳能储能及发电系统，具有一箱体（10）设置于一基座（15）上，一集热装置（30）设置于该箱体（10）内，至少一透镜（12）设置于该箱体（10）顶面，以及复数液位配重装置（70）分别设置于该箱体（10）内部的各角落位置，其中该基座（15）具有一万向调节件（151）对应设置于该箱体（10）配重的重心位置，藉由在箱体（10）内设置液位配重装置（70）以及设置万向调节件（151），让箱体（10）的顶面可以调节朝向太阳的方向，以达到追日的效果。

Description

太阳能储能及发电系统
本申请要求于2021年10月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111197780.X、发明名称为“太阳能储能及发电系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明系与太阳能集热发电有关，特别是一种能够使阳光利用率提高及小型化的聚光太阳能储能及发电系统。
背景技术
聚光太阳能发电的发展已有数十年，但是始终没有被普遍使用，原因之一就是太阳光的收集与转换的利用率并不高，太阳光的收集除反射镜至接收器之间的散射散失之外，还有接收器接收光能于转换中或饱和时的反射都造成光能的损失，且暴露于大气的接收器也会有相当高的对流热损，而其中耐高温巨型发电机组更是难以制造且成本高昂，因而局限了使用温度大幅影响转换效率，另安装环境也占地广阔，失火时亦无法及时阻断光能阻燃，并不适合于都会区使用，且会徒增运电成本及高温光害而伤及鸟类与环境。
发明内容
基于上述缺失，本发明目的在于提供一种太阳能储能及发电系统，特别是能够使阳光利用率提高及小型化的聚光太阳能储能及发电系统。
基于上述目的，本发明提供一种太阳能储能及发电系统，具有一箱体设置于一基座上，一集热装置设置于该箱体内，以及至少一透镜设置于该箱体顶面，其中该箱体为一中空箱体，具有复数个液位配重装置分别设置于该箱体内部的各角落位置。
较佳的，还具有至少一光路机构，对应设置于该至少一透镜与该集热装置之间，用来集收照射于该至少一透镜的光线，该光路机构为一导光镜组或一导光管组。
较佳的，还包含一万向调节件设置于该基座上并对应于该箱体的重心位置。
较佳的，该箱体内部为真空腔体。
较佳的，一储热槽设置于该箱体内并连接该集热装置的一传热装置，该储热槽具有一输出管及一输入管穿设于该箱体的一侧面。
较佳的，该液位配重装置具有一液位调节控制器，用于将一外部水源的液体引入该液位配重装置或将液位配重装置排出之液体排入一储液槽。
较佳的，具有一升降卷帘设置于该箱体，该升降卷帘用于覆盖该箱体的顶面，且一清洁装置设置于该升降卷帘与该箱体之间。
较佳的，前述集热装置具有一吸光体，该吸光体为一中空腔体。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施例之示意图。
图2是本发明第一实施例之光线路径图。
图3是本发明第二实施例之示意图。
图4是本发明第二实施例之清洁装置示意图。
图5是本发明第三实施例之示意图。
图6是本发明第三实施例之光线路径图。
图7是本发明第四实施例之示意图。
图8是本发明第五实施例之示意图。
图9是本发明第六实施例之示意图。
符号说明
10:箱体
12:透镜
15:基座
151:万向调节件
21:导光管
21a:反射层
21b:保温层
30:集热装置
31,41:吸光体
32:储热槽
321:输出管
322:输入管
42:传热槽
43:传热装置
44:热电芯片模块
50:升降卷帘
51:喷洒器
52:滚轮刷
61:聚焦透镜
62:反射镜
63:焦距转换透镜
70:液位配重装置
72:外部水源
74:储液槽
L:光线。
具体实施方式
为了清楚说明本发明之具体实施方式、构造及所达成之效果，配合图式说明如下：
请参阅图1至图4，绘示一种太阳能系统，具有一箱体10设置于一基座15上，该箱体10为一矩形箱体，该太阳能系统包含一集热装置30设置于该箱体10内、至少一透镜12设置该箱体10顶面，该透镜12较佳为菲涅尔透镜，该透镜12的光线吸收率小于5％、以及至少一光路机构对应设置于该至少一透镜12与该集热装置30之间，用来聚集照射于该至少一透镜12的光线L，该光路机构与该至少一透镜12间隔一距离。其中该箱体10的内部为真空腔体，用以降低光损及达到隔热之功用。
于本发明第一实施例及第二实施例所采用的集热装置30包含有一吸光体31连接一储热槽32，其中该吸光体31为一中空的球状腔体，该吸光体31的内表面具有一吸光层(图未示)，该吸光层可以达到至少95％的光线吸收率，当光线L进入该吸光体31内部，会于该吸光体31内不断进行反射转换成热能，其中该吸光层的材料可以是但不限于石墨、碳化钨、奈米碳管或奈米材料。于其他实施例中，该集热装置30不限于前述结构，可以是任意形式的集热装置30。
请参阅图1及图2为本发明之第一实施例，于第一实施例中，具有复数个透镜12设置于该箱体10的顶面，该光路机构为一导光管组，该导光管组具有复数个导光管21间隔设置，且该导光管21靠近该箱体10顶面的部分为复数个管体间隔设置，该导光管组的一端连接于该集热装置30的一吸光体31，另一端与该透镜12间隔一距离，前述距离略等于该透镜12的焦距，藉此缩小导光管21的管内径。
于第一实施例中，一反射层21a设置于该导光管21的内表面，该反射层21a接收来自该透镜12反射的光线L，以及一保温层21b设置于该 导光管21的外表面，该保温层21b具有低导热、低辐射散失及耐高温的特性，该保温层21b的材料可以是但不限于氧化锆、硅藻土、陶瓷棉、多孔性混合物或奈米材料。
实际使用时，该箱体10可以选择设置于一基座15上，一集热装置30设置于该箱体10内，该集热装置30具有一吸光体31连接一储热槽32，该储热槽32具有一输出管321及一输入管322穿设于该箱体10的一侧面，外部液体透过输入管322输入该储热槽32内，当该储热槽32接触该集热装置30的该吸光体31时，该吸光体31的温度传递至该储热槽32，使该储热槽32内的液体升温汽化，气体从该输出管321流出至发电装置(图未示出)，并藉由流体动能带动发电装置发电，或是能够多任务进行海水淡化或蒸气重整制氢等作业。
请参阅图2为光线于导光管21内的路径图，于第一实施例中，将箱体10的顶面朝向面向太阳的位置，光线L经由透镜12折射并聚焦于导光管21内，并经过反射层21a多次反射后进入该集热装置30的吸光体31内部；此时，光线接触到该吸光体31的吸光层，光线L除了持续于该吸光体31内进行数次反射外，该吸光层亦会将光线L转换成热能，该吸光体31将热能传导至储热槽32，再藉由输出管321将热能传导至外部设施应用，例如将热能传导至储水桶，使储水桶内的液体升温并作为热水使用。于本实施态样中，该吸光体31与该储热槽32直接接触，能减少热能传递过程中的流失。
请参阅图3及图4为本发明第二实施例，该箱体10的顶面还装设一升降卷帘50，该升降卷帘50用于覆盖该箱体的顶面，当集热装置30故障或暂时不使用时，该升降卷帘50可以用来遮蔽阳光阻绝热源；此外，还设置有一清洁装置于升降卷帘50与箱体10的顶面之间，该清洁装置可以是滚轮刷52及/或喷洒器51，当集热装置30故障或暂时不使用时，可以将该升降卷帘50拉上使其覆盖该箱体10的顶面，藉以阻绝太阳光 线L避免集热装置30烧毁外，还能够避免沙尘、冰雹等异物对箱体10造成损坏，另于升降卷帘50升降时亦达到清洁箱体10表面的作用，而升降卷帘50升降时的卷收方向是朝升降卷帘50的底面方向旋转，故亦能使升降卷帘50上的异物于卷收时因重力而掉落，达到自洁的效果。
请参阅图5本发明的第三实施例，于第三实施例中，具有复数个透镜12设置于该箱体10的顶面，该光路机构为一导光镜组，各该透镜12与集热装置30之间的光路均具有依序设置的至少一焦距转换透镜63、至少一反射镜62以及至少一聚焦透镜61设置于箱体内，其中该焦距转换透镜63系相对靠近于该透镜12设置，该聚焦透镜61相对靠近于该集热装置30设置，该反射镜62设置于该焦距转换透镜63与该聚焦透镜61之间，因此于吸光体31、光路机构及透镜12间形成了高、中及低三个不同的温度区间，进而能更有效益的选择集光材料来降低成本。
请参阅图6为光线L经由光路机构进入集热装置的光线路径示意图，当光线L经透镜12折射后进入箱体10内，透过焦距转换透镜63将光线L折射至反射镜62，再经由反射镜62反射至聚焦透镜61，藉由聚焦透镜61使光线L进入吸光体31内，使光线L不断在该集热装置30内反射且被吸收，进而产生热能，并藉由吸光体31将热能传导至储热槽32，再藉由输出管321将热能传导至外部设施应用，例如将热能传导至储水桶，使储水桶内的液体升温并作为热水使用。
请参阅图7及图8为本发明第四及第五实施例，于本发明第四实施例及第五实施例所采用的集热装置30包含有一吸光体41连接一传热槽42，一传热装置43设置于该传热槽42，该传热装置43可以是但不限于传热管；以及一热电芯片模块设置44于该传热槽42与一传热装置43之间，其中该吸光体41为一中空的球状腔体，该吸光体41顶部之传热槽42透过填充导热介质与该热电芯片模块44受热端连接或与该传热装置43连接，当设置有热电芯片模块44时，传热装置43连接于热电芯片 模块44之冷端，当光线L经透镜12折射后进入箱体10内，使光线L不断在该吸光体41内反射且被吸收后产生热能，该些热能藉由导热介质传递至该热电芯片模块44或传热装置43，而该传热装置43将热能传导至储热槽32或外部设施应用。如此一来，不仅可以有效利用热电芯片模块44发电运用外，还能将热电芯片模块44的废热能传导至储热槽32或外部设施应用提高能源效率。于其他实施例中，该集热装置30不限于前述结构，可以是任意形式的集热装置。
请参阅图7及图8为本发明之第四及第五实施例，于第四及第五实施例中，该箱体10为一矩形箱体，具有一万向调节件151设置于该基座15上，且该万向调节件151的设置位置是对应于该箱体10的配重重心位置(即该箱体对角联机的中心点位置)设置，以方便调整箱体10的设置角度，并具有四个液位配重装置70设置于该箱体10内部的四个角落位置，该液位配重装置70为一水箱，太阳每天从东边升起从西边落下，为了完整搜集太阳光，藉由设置液位配重装置70以及搭配万向调节件151使用，随着太阳的照射位置，个别控制每一水箱内的液体量，而使该箱体10呈现不同的设置角度，例如，当太阳的照射角度位于箱体10的右侧时，控制该箱体10右侧的两个水箱内的液体量大于该箱体10左侧的两个水箱的液体量，使该箱体10朝向右边倾斜，如此一来，便能使箱体10的顶面朝向太阳的位置，完整搜集太阳光达到追日的效果。于其他实施例中，该液位配重装置70的数量为二个，并分别设置于该箱体10内部的二长边或二短边的中心点位置，同样可以达到前述控制箱体10的顶面朝向太阳的位置的效果。此外，该箱体10也可以是其他呈对称的几何形体结构。
请参阅图9为本发明之第六实施例，于第六实施例中，该液位配重装置70还具有一液位调节控制器，该液位配重装置70连接一外部水源72及一储液槽74，该液位调节控制器用于控制该水箱内的液体进出，将 外部水源72的液体引入该水箱或将水箱排出之液体排入储液槽74内以利资源再利用，以控制该箱体10的倾斜角度达到追日的效果。
藉由外部水源72之水压及液位调节控制器来控制水箱液位来改变箱体10倾斜角度，以在不使用动力马达的状态下达到追日的功能以节省动力耗能，此外，可于日落之后调节控制器控制排放掉部分水箱内的液体，使箱体10倾斜角度复归至晨间初始位置。
本发明是藉由将箱体10设置于具有万向调节件151的基座15上，并藉由液位调节控制器调节液位配种装置70内的液体容量，以控制箱体10的顶面朝向太阳的位置，达到追日的效果，并且搭配具高光线集收的集热装置，以达到小型化及高阳光利用率的太阳能储能及发电系统。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能储能及发电系统，具有一箱体设置于一基座上，一集热装置设置于该箱体内，以及至少一透镜设置于该箱体顶面，其特征在于：该箱体为一中空箱体，具有复数个液位配重装置分别设置于该箱体内部的各角落位置。
  2. 如请求项1所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中还具有至少一光路机构，对应设置于该至少一透镜与该集热装置之间，用来集收照射于该至少一透镜的光线。
  3. 如请求项2所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中该光路机构为一导光镜组或一导光管组。
  4. 如请求项1所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中还包含一万向调节件设置于该基座上并对应于该箱体的重心位置。
  5. 如请求项1所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中该箱体内部为真空腔体。
  6. 如请求项1所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，一储热槽设置于该箱体内并连接该集热装置的一传热装置，该储热槽具有一输出管及一输入管穿设于该箱体的一侧面。
  7. 如请求项1所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中该液位配重装置具有一液位调节控制器，用于将一外部水源的液体引入该液位配重装置 或将液位配重装置排出之液体排入一储液槽。
  8. 如请求项1所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中还具有一升降卷帘设置于该箱体，该升降卷帘用于覆盖该箱体的顶面。
  9. 如请求项8所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中还具有一清洁装置设置于该升降卷帘与该箱体之间。
  10. 如请求项1至请求项9其中任一项所述之太阳能储能及发电系统，其中该集热装置具有一吸光体，该吸光体为一中空腔体。
PCT/CN2022/125028 2021-10-14 2022-10-13 太阳能储能及发电系统 Ceased WO2023061426A1 (zh)

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