WO2023066338A1 - 一种scm-38分子筛及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

一种scm-38分子筛及其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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WO2023066338A1
WO2023066338A1 PCT/CN2022/126429 CN2022126429W WO2023066338A1 WO 2023066338 A1 WO2023066338 A1 WO 2023066338A1 CN 2022126429 W CN2022126429 W CN 2022126429W WO 2023066338 A1 WO2023066338 A1 WO 2023066338A1
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molecular sieve
quaternary ammonium
scm
ammonium compound
aluminum
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French (fr)
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杨为民
赵胜利
乔健
袁志庆
王振东
付文华
陶伟川
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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Priority claimed from CN202111224534.9A external-priority patent/CN115991482B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111222065.7A external-priority patent/CN115991488B/zh
Application filed by China Petroleum and Chemical Corp, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology filed Critical China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Priority to JP2024523908A priority Critical patent/JP2024538220A/ja
Priority to US18/702,744 priority patent/US20240409422A1/en
Priority to KR1020247016631A priority patent/KR20240093797A/ko
Priority to EP22882943.8A priority patent/EP4421039A4/en
Publication of WO2023066338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023066338A1/zh
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    • B01J29/82Phosphates
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    • C07C41/00Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of molecular sieves, and in particular relates to a novel molecular sieve, that is, SCM-38 molecular sieve, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.
  • Molecular sieves are a class of porous crystalline materials widely used in chemical industries such as oil refining and catalysis. Molecular sieves with different pore structures reflect different macroscopic properties such as adsorption and catalysis. In addition, molecular sieves with different structures have also been synthesized. There are more than 250 types of molecular sieves with known structures (including partially disordered ones). Since molecular sieves have uniform and regular pores, and the pore size is of the same order as that of small organic molecules, molecules entering the interior of molecular sieves can be "sieved" according to their spatial dimensions during chemical reactions, thereby obtaining a certain degree of selective adsorption. and catalytic shape-selective effects.
  • the framework of molecular sieves is usually formed by the connection of coordination tetrahedrons (TO 4 ) through common vertices (generally oxygen atoms).
  • TO 4 coordination tetrahedrons
  • common vertices generally oxygen atoms.
  • the tetrahedrons in the framework are mainly silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedrons, and these two tetrahedrons can also be replaced by other tetrahedrons to form various framework structures or various frameworks.
  • tetrahedrons in the framework are mainly silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedrons, and these two tetrahedrons can also be replaced by other tetrahedrons to form various framework structures or various frameworks.
  • composed of molecular sieves composed of molecular sieves.
  • Flanigen et al. (Molecular Sieve Zeolites-I, ACS, Washington DC) reported the synthesis of phosphorus-aluminum molecular sieves. It can be understood that the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron in the zeolite molecular sieve is replaced by the phosphorus-oxygen tetrahedron to form a molecular sieve.
  • the framework of this type of molecular sieve is formed by connecting AlO 4 - and PO 4 + common oxygen atoms, and the entire molecular sieve framework exhibits electrical neutrality.
  • aluminum-oxygen tetrahedrons or phosphorus-oxygen tetrahedrons in phosphorus-aluminum molecular sieves can also be replaced by other tetrahedrons, the most common of which are silicon-oxygen tetrahedrons and zinc-oxygen tetrahedrons. Due to the introduction of these tetrahedrons , which endows phosphorus-aluminum molecular sieves with new characteristics. Compared with zeolite molecular sieves, the artificial synthesis of aluminum phosphorus molecular sieves is relatively late.
  • the oxides of aluminum, silicon and phosphorus are mixed, and then obtained with analcime (analcime), chabazite (chabazite), phillipsite-harmotome (phillipsite-harmotome), L molecular sieve,
  • analcime analcime
  • chabazite chabazite
  • phillipsite-harmotome phillipsite-harmotome
  • L molecular sieve L molecular sieve
  • a Type B molecular sieves and B type molecular sieves have the same crystal structure of silicon phosphorus aluminum molecular sieves, wherein the phosphorus content is 5% to 25% (calculated as P 2 O 5 ), but no molecular sieves with structures different from known zeolite molecular sieves have been found.
  • 4310440 in 1982 used organic amines or quaternary ammonium compounds as templates to hydrothermally synthesize a series of aluminum phosphorus molecular sieves, including: AlPO 4 -5, AlPO 4 -8, AlPO 4 -9, AlPO 4 -11, AlPO 4 -12, AlPO 4 -14 , AlPO 4 -16, AlPO 4 -17, AlPO 4 -18, AlPO 4 -20, AlPO 4 -21, AlPO 4 -22, AlPO 4 -23, AlPO 4 -25, AlPO 4 -26, AlPO 4 -28, AlPO 4 -31, etc.
  • molecular sieves with new structures are constantly being synthesized.
  • the type of organic template is one of the key factors to determine its structure. So far, organic amines are still the most widely used templates in the synthesis of aluminum-phosphate molecular sieves.
  • silica-alumina zeolite molecular sieves the industrial application of aluminum-phosphorus molecular sieves is still rare. At present, only a few molecular sieves have obtained practical industrial applications, such as SAPO-34 and SAPO-11 molecular sieves.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new type of molecular sieve (phosphorus aluminum molecular sieve or silicon phosphorus aluminum molecular sieve) not involved in the prior art, namely SCM-38 molecular sieve and its preparation method and use.
  • a new type of molecular sieve phosphorus aluminum molecular sieve or silicon phosphorus aluminum molecular sieve
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of SCM-38 molecular sieve, wherein, described molecular sieve is phosphorus aluminum or silicon phosphorus aluminum molecular sieve, and described SCM-38 molecular sieve shows following diffraction peak characteristic in XRD spectrogram: X-ray diffraction peaks appear at diffraction angles of 7.20 ⁇ 0.1, 10.81 ⁇ 0.1, 11.60 ⁇ 0.1, 14.32 ⁇ 0.1, 21.39 ⁇ 0.1, 21.83 ⁇ 0.1, 27.31 ⁇ 0.1, 28.72 ⁇ 0.1, among which the peak at 2 ⁇ is 7.20 ⁇ 0.1 strong peak,
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned SCM-38 molecular sieve, it comprises the following steps:
  • step b) liquid crystallization of the synthetic mother obtained in step a) to obtain SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • the quaternary ammonium compound 1 is a compound represented by the following formula (I),
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from C1-C6 straight chain or branched chain alkyl (preferably C1-C4 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, more preferably C1-C3 straight chain or branched chain alkyl),
  • X - represents a counter ion (preferably a halide anion, nitrate, hydroxide),
  • the quaternary ammonium compound 2 is a compound represented by the following formula (II),
  • R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from C1-C6 straight chain or branched chain alkyl (preferably C1-C4 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, more preferably C1-C3 straight chain or branched chain alkyl), R represents hydrogen or hydroxyl, X- represents a counter ion (preferably halide anion, nitrate, hydroxide), m represents an integer of 1-4 (preferably an integer of 1-3, more preferably 1 -2 integer), n represents an integer of 5-10 (preferably an integer of 5-8, more preferably an integer of 5-6),
  • the counter ion X ⁇ of at least one represents hydroxide.
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides a molecular sieve composition, which comprises the above-mentioned SCM-38 molecular sieve of the present invention and a binder.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a methanol-to-dimethyl ether catalyst, which comprises the above-mentioned SCM-38 molecular sieve of the present invention or the above-mentioned molecular sieve composition of the present invention.
  • the fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing dimethyl ether from methanol, which includes the step of converting methanol into dimethyl ether in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst comprising the above-mentioned SCM-38 molecular sieve of the present invention or the above-mentioned molecular sieve of the present invention combination.
  • the invention provides a novel phosphor-aluminum molecular sieve or silicon-phosphorus-aluminum molecular sieve.
  • the phosphorus-aluminum molecular sieve or the silicon-phosphoraluminum molecular sieve of the present invention is used as a catalyst for converting methanol into dimethyl ether, and exhibits excellent activity.
  • the preparation method of the molecular sieve of the present invention can conveniently and efficiently prepare the molecular sieve of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 is the XRD spectrum of embodiment 1 gained aluminophosphate precursor A
  • Fig. 2 is the XRD spectrum of embodiment 2 gained aluminophosphate precursor B;
  • Fig. 3 is the XRD collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 3 gained SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • Fig. 4 is the SEM figure of embodiment 3 gained SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • Fig. 5 is the XRD collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 10 gained SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • Fig. 6 is the SEM figure of embodiment 10 gained SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • Fig. 7 is the XRD collection of illustrative plates of embodiment 13 gained SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • Fig. 8 is the SEM figure of embodiment 13 gained SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • Fig. 9 is the XRD spectrum of the product obtained in Comparative Example 1.
  • Fig. 10 is the XRD pattern of products obtained in comparative example 2.
  • Fig. 11 is the XRD spectrum of the product obtained in Comparative Example 3.
  • Figure 12 is the XRD spectrum of the product obtained in Comparative Example 4.
  • the chemical composition of molecular sieves is based on the molar ratio of the corresponding element in the oxide form of the highest valence state that can exist stably, that is, P2O5 for phosphorus (P), P2O5 for Silicon (Si) is counted as SiO 2 , aluminum (Al) is counted as Al 2 O 3 , titanium (Ti) is counted as TiO 2 , boron (B) is counted as B 2 O 3 , and zirconium (Zr) is counted as ZrO 2 In terms of SnO 2 for tin (Sn) and Fe 2 O 3 for iron (F e ).
  • C1-C6 straight chain or branched chain alkyl methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, Pentyl and its isomers, hexyl and its isomers.
  • the C1-C6 straight chain or branched chain alkyl is preferably a C1-C4 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, more preferably a C1-C3 straight chain or branched chain alkyl.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of SCM-38 molecular sieve, wherein, described molecular sieve is phosphorus aluminum molecular sieve or silicon phosphorus aluminum molecular sieve, and described SCM-38 molecular sieve shows following diffraction peak characteristic in XRD spectrogram: X-ray diffraction peaks appear at diffraction angles of 7.20 ⁇ 0.1, 10.81 ⁇ 0.1, 11.60 ⁇ 0.1, 14.32 ⁇ 0.1, 21.39 ⁇ 0.1, 21.83 ⁇ 0.1, 27.31 ⁇ 0.1, 28.72 ⁇ 0.1, among which the peak at 2 ⁇ is 7.20 ⁇ 0.1 strong peak.
  • the molecular sieve of the present invention may further contain template agent (quaternary ammonium compound 1, quaternary ammonium compound 2 of the present invention), water, fluorine source fluorine components, etc., such as those filled in its pores.
  • template agent quaternary ammonium compound 1, quaternary ammonium compound 2 of the present invention
  • water quaternary ammonium compound 2 of the present invention
  • fluorine source fluorine components etc., such as those filled in its pores.
  • the present invention thinks that it is not necessary to specify the amount of the moisture, the templating agent, and the fluorine component, because the properties of the phosphorus-aluminum molecular sieve or the silicon-phosphorus-aluminum molecular sieve of the present invention are mainly determined by the ratio between silicon, phosphorus, and aluminum, and these elements Exist in the form of oxides, therefore, the composition of molecular sieves described in the present invention is only represented by its oxides. .
  • the molecular sieves of the invention have a triangular morphology.
  • the XRD spectrum of the molecular sieve of the present invention has X-ray diffraction peaks as shown in the following table:
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of SCM-38 molecular sieve, it comprises the following steps:
  • step b) liquid crystallization of the synthetic mother obtained in step a) to obtain SCM-38 molecular sieves
  • the quaternary ammonium compound 1 is a compound represented by the following formula (I),
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from C1-C6 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, X - represents a counter ion,
  • the quaternary ammonium compound 2 is a compound represented by the following formula (II),
  • R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from C1-C6 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, R represents hydrogen or hydroxyl, X - represents a counter ion, m represents an integer of 1-4, n Integer representing 5-10,
  • X - represents a hydroxide group.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from C1-C4 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, more preferably each independently selected from C1-C3 straight chain or branched chain branched chain alkyl.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, pentyl, and Isomers, hexyl and its isomers.
  • R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from C1-C4 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, more preferably each independently selected from C1-C3 straight chain or branched chain branched chain alkyl.
  • R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, pentyl, and Isomers, hexyl and its isomers.
  • m is preferably an integer of 1-3, more preferably an integer of 1-2.
  • n is preferably an integer of 5-8, more preferably an integer of 5-6.
  • the counter ion (X ⁇ ) in the compound represented by the above formula (I) and the compound represented by formula (II) can be a conventional negative ion compatible with quaternary ammonium ions, including but not limited to Halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) anions, nitrate, hydroxide, etc.
  • the counter ion (X ⁇ ) of at least one of the compound represented by the above-mentioned formula (I) and the compound represented by the formula (II) represents hydroxide. That is, at least one of the compound represented by formula (I) and the compound represented by formula (II) is a quaternary ammonium hydroxide salt.
  • the quaternary ammonium compound 1 of the present invention is preferably one or more of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide and the like.
  • the quaternary ammonium cation in the quaternary ammonium compound 2 of the present invention is preferably 6-N, N-dimethylaminohexyl-2-hydroxyethyl dimethyl ammonium ion or 6-N , N-dimethylaminohexyl-ethyl dimethyl ammonium ion, its chemical structural formula is represented as follows:
  • the molar ratio of each material is as follows: the silicon source is calculated as SiO 2 , the aluminum source is calculated as Al 2 O 3 , the aluminophosphate precursor In terms of Al 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 , fluorine source in terms of HF and water in terms of H 2 O, it is (0-0.5) SiO 2 : (0.8-5) Al 2 O 3 : 1P 2 O 5 : ( 0.01-0.9) quaternary ammonium compound 1: (0.9-5) quaternary ammonium compound 2: (0.1-5) HF: (10-500) H 2 O, preferably (0-0.3) SiO 2 : (0.85-2) Al 2 O 3 : 1P 2 O 5 : (0.003-0.85) quaternary ammonium compound 1: (0.95-3) quaternary ammonium compound 2: (0.3-3) HF: (20-300) H 2 O, more preferably ( 0-0.1) SiO 2 , the aluminum source is calculated as Al 2 O 3 , the alumin
  • the amount of aluminum source is determined according to the amount of Al2O3 in the aluminophosphate precursor, that is, when the amount of Al2O3 provided by the aluminophosphate precursor meets the above-mentioned ratio requirements, no Add aluminum source, when the amount of Al 2 O 3 provided by the aluminophosphate precursor cannot meet the above ratio requirements, add aluminum source to meet the above ratio requirements.
  • the aluminum source is selected from pseudoboehmite, aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum sol, alumina, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, hydrated alumina, sodium metaaluminate or hydroxide One or more of aluminum, etc.
  • the silicon source is selected from one or more of silica sol, fumed silica, ethyl orthosilicate, silicic acid, or silica gel.
  • the fluorine source is selected from one or more of hydrofluoric acid and ammonium fluoride.
  • step a) the order of adding each material is not particularly limited, preferably: first mix water, optional aluminum source, optional silicon source and aluminophosphate precursor evenly , and then sequentially add quaternary ammonium compound 2, quaternary ammonium compound 1 and mix evenly, then add fluorine source. At this time, stirring may also be optionally performed as needed.
  • the crystallization conditions are as follows: the crystallization temperature of the first stage is 120°C-150°C, and the crystallization time is 24-84 hours.
  • the crystallization temperature 120°C-140°C the crystallization time is 48-80 hours;
  • the second stage crystallization temperature is 170°C-200°C, the crystallization time is 2-24 hours, preferably, the crystallization temperature is 180°C-200°C ,
  • the crystallization time is 4-18 hours.
  • the SCM-38 molecular sieve product can be separated from the obtained mixture by any conventionally known separation means, such as centrifugation, washing and drying.
  • the separation, washing and drying can be carried out in any manner conventionally known in the art, such as centrifugation or filtration, suction filtration.
  • the drying temperature may be 40-120°C, preferably 50-80°C; the drying time may be 8-48 hours, preferably 12-24 hours. This drying can be carried out under normal pressure, also can carry out under reduced pressure, in order to save energy, often choose to carry out under normal pressure.
  • the aluminophosphate precursor has a schematic chemical composition represented by the formula "Al 2 O 3 :xP 2 O 5 ", wherein 0.7 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.5, preferably 0.8 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.
  • the XRD spectrum of the aluminophosphate precursor has X-ray diffraction peaks as shown in the following table:
  • the XRD spectrum of the aluminophosphate precursor further has X-ray diffraction peaks as shown in the following table:
  • the XRD spectrum of the aluminophosphate precursor further has X-ray diffraction peaks as shown in the following table:
  • the preparation method of described aluminophosphate precursor comprises the following steps:
  • the step of crystallizing the mother liquor mixture to obtain an aluminophosphate precursor is the step of crystallizing the mother liquor mixture to obtain an aluminophosphate precursor.
  • the organic template agent RA is one or more selected from quaternary ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium bases; RB is One or more selected from imidazole or pyrrolidine derivatives.
  • the solvent S 1 is one or more selected from amide-based solvents; the solvent S 2 is selected from cyclic One or more of such organic solvents; the S3 is one or more of water or C1-C6 alkanol.
  • the organic template RA is selected from tetraethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropyl bromide One or more of ammonium chloride, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide;
  • the organic template R B is selected from imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole Imidazole, 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, pyrrolidine, 1-(3-pyrrolidine)pyrrolidine, N-ethyl-2-aminomethylpyrrole One or more of alkanes.
  • the solvent S is selected from N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, One or more of N,N-diethylformamide and N,N-dibutylformamide;
  • the solvent S2 is selected from 1,4-dioxane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone and One or more of them;
  • the solvent S3 is one or more selected from methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, butanol, cyclohexanol and water.
  • the organic template RA is preferably tetraethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide One or more in ammonium and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide;
  • organic templating agent R B is preferably 1-(3-aminopropyl) imidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, N-ethyl- One or more of 2-aminomethylpyrrolidines.
  • the solvent S1 is preferably one of N,N-dimethylacetamide and N,N-dibutylformamide or several; the solvent S2 is preferably one or both of 1,4-dioxane and cyclohexanone; the solvent S3 is preferably one or both of ethanol and water, wherein Deionized water is preferred.
  • the aluminum source in the preparation step of the mother liquor mixture, is calculated as Al 2 O 3 , the phosphorus source is calculated as P 2 O 5 , the organic
  • the molar ratio of the organic template RA to the organic template RB is 0.01-1:1, preferably 0.1-0.5 : 1.
  • the molar ratio of the solvent S 1 , the solvent S 2 , and the solvent S 3 is 1:0.01-1:1-100, Preferably it is 1:0.05-0.6:10-80.
  • the aluminum source is selected from aluminum isopropoxide, aluminate, metaaluminate, aluminum salt, aluminum hydroxide , one or more of aluminum oxides and aluminum-containing minerals, preferably one or both of aluminate and metaaluminate.
  • the phosphorus source is at least one selected from phosphoric acid, ammonium monohydrogen phosphate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, preferably orthophosphoric acid.
  • stirring and sedimentation treatment are performed before crystallization treatment.
  • the stirring time is 0.5-5 hours, and the precipitation treatment time is 1-12 hours.
  • the mixing order of each raw material is not particularly limited, preferably, the aluminum source, the phosphorus source , the organic template is dispersed in one or a mixture of solvents S1 , S2 and S3 (for example in solvent S3 ), then stirred and precipitated, and then added S1 , S Other solvents not added among 2 and S 3 (eg mixture of solvents S 1 , S 2 ).
  • the stirring time is 0.5-5 hours, and the precipitation treatment time is 1-12 hours.
  • the mother liquor mixture in the preparation method of the aluminophosphate precursor, after the mother liquor mixture is prepared and before the crystallization treatment, the mother liquor mixture can be heat-treated, and the heat treatment temperature can be 40-100°C. Preferably 50-90°C; heat treatment can be 2-14 hours, preferably 4-12 hours. At this time, stirring may also be optionally performed as needed.
  • the conditions of the crystallization treatment include: the crystallization temperature is 120-200°C, preferably 140-180°C, more preferably 140-160°C; crystallization time is 1-5 days, preferably 3-5 days, more preferably 4-5 days.
  • conventional post-treatments are performed after the crystallization treatment, such as the steps of filtering, washing and drying to obtain the molecular sieve.
  • the filtering, washing and drying can be carried out in any manner conventionally known in the art, wherein the separation is such as centrifugation or filtration, suction filtration.
  • the drying temperature may be 40-120°C, preferably 50-80°C; the drying time may be 8-48 hours, preferably 12-24 hours. This drying can be carried out under normal pressure, also can carry out under reduced pressure, in order to save energy, often choose to carry out under normal pressure.
  • the aluminophosphate precursor of the present invention is SCM-34 molecular sieve.
  • the aluminophosphate precursor of the present invention can be prepared according to the preparation method disclosed in WO2022052967A1.
  • the third aspect of the present invention provides a molecular sieve composition, including the SCM-38 molecular sieve prepared according to any of the aforementioned aspects or the SCM-38 molecular sieve prepared according to the preparation method of any of the aforementioned aspects, and a binder.
  • the binder is not particularly limited, and can be a conventional binder in the art, for example, nano-silica, alumina, diatomaceous earth, hollow ceramic balls, etc. one or a mixture of them.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention provides a catalyst for methanol to dimethyl ether, which comprises the above-mentioned SCM-38 molecular sieve of the present invention, or the SCM-38 molecular sieve prepared according to the preparation method described in any of the preceding aspects, or the present invention The molecular sieve composition described above.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing dimethyl ether from methanol, which includes the step of converting methanol into dimethyl ether in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst comprising the above-mentioned SCM-38 molecular sieve of the present invention, or according to any of the foregoing
  • the SCM-38 molecular sieve prepared by the preparation method described in the aspect, or the above-mentioned molecular sieve composition of the present invention.
  • the special morphology SCM-38 molecular sieve of the present invention is a new type of molecular sieve, which has a unique XRD diffraction pattern and special morphology, which enriches the types of molecular sieves and the appearance of molecular sieves.
  • the reagents and raw materials used are all commercially available products, and the purity is analytically pure.
  • XRD X-ray diffraction pattern
  • XRD X'Pert PRO type X-ray powder of Holland PANalytical company
  • the composition of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and P 2 O 5 in the molecular sieve is measured by ICP method.
  • the ratio of elements in the samples was analyzed by Varian Analytical 725-ES inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer from Varian Corporation of the United States.
  • the product was filtered, washed, and dried at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain an aluminophosphate precursor, which was designated as A and set aside.
  • the XRD pattern of aluminophosphate precursor A is shown in Figure 1, which has the X-ray diffraction peaks shown in Table 1 below:
  • the XRD pattern of aluminophosphate precursor B is shown in Figure 2, which has the X-ray diffraction peaks shown in Table 2 below:
  • the SEM of the gained SCM-38 molecular sieve is shown in Fig. 4, and its shape is a triangular shape, and its XRD spectrum is shown in Fig. 3, which has the main X-ray diffraction peaks shown in Table 3 below:
  • the SEM picture of the molecular sieve is similar to that in Figure 4, showing a triangular shape.
  • the XRD spectrum of the gained SCM-38 molecular sieve has the main X-ray diffraction peaks shown in Table 4 below:
  • the SEM image of the molecular sieve is shown in Fig. 6, showing a triangular shape.
  • the XRD spectrum of the obtained SCM-38 molecular sieve is shown in Figure 5, which has the main X-ray diffraction peaks shown in Table 10 below:
  • the SEM picture of the molecular sieve is shown in Fig. 8, showing a triangular shape.
  • the XRD spectrum of the obtained SCM-38 molecular sieve is shown in Figure 7, which has the main X-ray diffraction peaks shown in Table 13 below:
  • the SEM of the SCM-38 molecular sieve is similar to that shown in Figure 4, and its shape is a triangular shape.
  • the obtained XRD pattern has the main X-ray diffraction peaks shown in Table 14 below:
  • Embodiment 15 catalytic activity evaluation
  • Catalyst 2 was prepared in the same manner as the preparation of Catalyst 1 above except that the SCM-38 molecular sieve prepared in Example 10 was used.
  • Catalyst 3 was prepared in the same manner as the preparation of Catalyst 1 above, except that the product prepared in Comparative Example 1 was used.
  • catalyst 2 the same as the catalytic activity evaluation of catalyst 1, the activity of catalyst 2 was evaluated, and the result showed that the peak selectivity of dimethyl ether was 95.93%.
  • Catalyst 3 was used to evaluate the catalytic activity of catalyst 2 in the same way as that of catalyst 1. The results showed that the peak selectivity of dimethyl ether was 63.42%.
  • the invention provides a novel phosphorus-aluminum type molecular sieve or silicon-phosphorus-aluminum type molecular sieve.
  • the phosphorus-aluminum type molecular sieve or silicon-phosphorus-aluminum type molecular sieve of the invention shows excellent activity as a catalyst for converting methanol into dimethyl ether.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种SCM-38分子筛及其制备方法和其用途。所述SCM-38分子筛为磷铝或硅磷铝分子筛,所述SCM-38分子筛的在XRD谱图中显示出如下的衍射峰特征:在2θ为7.20±0.1,10.81±0.1,11.60±0.1,14.32±0.1,21.39±0.1,21.83±0.1,27.31±0.1,28.72±0.1处出现X射线衍射峰,其中2θ为7.20±0.1处为最强峰。本发明SCM-38分子筛可以在催化剂中应用。

Description

一种SCM-38分子筛及其制备方法和用途 技术领域
本发明属于分子筛领域,具体涉及一种新型分子筛即SCM-38分子筛及其制备方法和其用途。
背景技术
分子筛是一类多孔的结晶材料,广泛应用于炼油、催化等化工领域。不同的孔道结构的分子筛体现了不同的吸附、催化等宏观性能,另外,不同结构的分子筛也已被合成出来。目前发现的已知结构的分子筛种类多达250多种(包括局部无序的)。由于分子筛具有均一规则的孔道,且孔道尺寸与有机小分子属于同一量级,因而在化学反应中可以对进入分子筛内部的分子根据分子的空间尺寸进行“筛分”,从而获得一定的选择性吸附和催化择形效果。分子筛的骨架通常由配位四面体(TO 4)通过共顶点(一般为氧原子)连接而成。对于常规沸石分子筛来说,骨架中的四面体主要为硅氧四面体和铝氧四面体,这两种四面体也可以分别被其它的四面体所取代,从而形成各种骨架结构或者各种骨架组成的分子筛。
1971年,Flanigen等人(Molecular Sieve Zeolites-I,ACS,Washingtom D.C)报道了磷铝分子筛的合成,可理解为沸石分子筛中的硅氧四面体被磷氧四面体取代而形成了分子筛。该类分子筛的骨架通过AlO 4 -和PO 4 +共氧原子连接而成,整个分子筛骨架呈现出电中性。类似于沸石分子筛,磷铝分子筛中的铝氧四面体或者磷氧四面体也可以被其它的四面体所取代,其中最为常见的是硅氧四面体和锌氧四面体,由于这些四面体的引入,赋予了磷铝型分子筛新的特性。相比沸石分子筛,磷铝分子筛的人工合成研究比较晚。在水热合成条件下,混合铝、硅和磷的氧化物,则得到了与方沸石(analcime)、菱沸石(chabazite)、钙十字沸石-交沸石(phillipsite-harmotome)、L型分子筛、A型分子筛和B型分子筛等具有相同晶体结构的硅磷铝分子筛,其中磷的含量为5%~25%(以P 2O 5计),但没有发现有别于已知沸石分子筛结构的分子筛。1982年的美国专利US 4310440使用有机胺或者季铵类化合物作为模板剂,水热合成出了一系列的磷铝分子筛,它们包括:AlPO 4-5、 AlPO 4-8、AlPO 4-9、AlPO 4-11、AlPO 4-12、AlPO 4-14、AlPO 4-16、AlPO 4-17、AlPO 4-18、AlPO 4-20、AlPO 4-21、AlPO 4-22、AlPO 4-23、AlPO 4-25、AlPO 4-26、AlPO 4-28、AlPO 4-31等。随着对分子筛结构、性能及合成方法、条件等因素认识的不断深入及合成技术的不断进步,新结构的分子筛在不断地被合成出来。对于磷铝分子筛的合成,有机模板剂的种类是决定其结构的关键因素之一。到目前为止,有机胺仍是磷铝分子筛合成中应用最为广泛的模板剂。相比硅铝沸石分子筛,磷铝分子筛的工业应用还不多见,目前仅有少数分子筛获得了实际工业应用如:SAPO-34和SAPO-11分子筛。Jiao等人(Feng Jiao,Jinjing Li,Xiulian Pan,et al.Science,2016,351,1065-1068)报道了SAPO分子筛作为合成气制烯烃反应中的耦合催化剂的一部分,获得了较好的催化效果。Su等人(Su,J.,Zhou,H.,Liu,S.et al.Syngas to light olefins conversion with high olefin/paraffin ratio using ZnCrOx/AlPO-18 bifunctional catalysts.Nat Commun 10,1297(2019).)揭示了由磷铝型分子筛与金属氧化物制备的双功能催化剂在合成气直接转化制高烯烃烷烃比的方法中具有出色表现,由以上可以看出磷铝型分子筛的具有很大的工业应用潜力。
由于不同的孔道结构和元素组成决定了分子筛特有的物化和催化性能,所以新结构分子筛的开发显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种现有技术中未涉及的新型的分子筛(磷铝型分子筛或硅磷铝型分子筛),即SCM-38分子筛及其制备方法和其用途。
本发明的第一方面提供了一种SCM-38分子筛,其中,所述分子筛为磷铝或硅磷铝分子筛,所述SCM-38分子筛在XRD谱图中显示出如下的衍射峰特征:在2θ衍射角7.20±0.1,10.81±0.1,11.60±0.1,14.32±0.1,21.39±0.1,21.83±0.1,27.31±0.1,28.72±0.1处出现X射线衍射峰,其中在2θ为7.20±0.1处为最强峰,
所述SCM-38分子筛具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3·SiO 2”所代表的示意性化学组成,其中,以摩尔比计:Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=0.8-1.5∶1,优选0.8-1.4,更优选0.9-1.3;SiO 2∶P 2O 5=0-0.1∶1,优选为0-0.09∶1,更优选为0-0.07∶1。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种上述SCM-38分子筛的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
a)将磷铝酸盐前驱体、季铵化合物1、季铵化合物2、氟源和水以及任选的铝源、任选的硅源混合,得到合成母液;
b)将步骤a)所得合成母液晶化,制得SCM-38分子筛,
其中,所述季铵化合物1为下式(I)所示的化合物,
Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-000001
其中,R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4各自独立地选自C1-C6直链或支链烷基(优选为C1-C4直链或支链烷基,更优选为C1-C3直链或支链烷基),X -表示抗衡离子(优选为卤素阴离子、硝酸根、氢氧根),
所述季铵化合物2为下式(II)所示的化合物,
Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-000002
其中,R 5、R 6、R 7和R 8各自独立地选自C1-C6直链或支链烷基(优选为C1-C4直链或支链烷基,更优选为C1-C3直链或支链烷基),R表示氢或羟基,X -表示抗衡离子(优选为卤素阴离子、硝酸根、氢氧根),m表示1-4的整数(优选1-3的整数,更优选1-2的整数),n表示5-10的整数(优选5-8的整数,更优选5-6的整数),
式(I)所示的化合物和式(II)所示的化合物中,至少一者的抗衡离子X -表示氢氧根。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种分子筛组合物,其包含本发明上述SCM-38分子筛和粘结剂。
本发明的第四方面提供了一种甲醇制二甲醚催化剂,其包含本发明上述SCM-38分子筛或本发明上述的分子筛组合物。
本发明的第五方面提供了甲醇制二甲醚的方法,其中包括在催化剂的存在下使甲醇转化为二甲醚的步骤,所述催化剂包含本发明上述 SCM-38分子筛或本发明上述的分子筛组合物。
技术效果
本发明提供一种新型的磷铝型分子筛或硅磷铝型分子筛。
本发明的磷铝型分子筛或硅磷铝型分子筛作为甲醇转化二甲醚用的催化剂,表现出优异的活性。
本发明的分子筛的制备方法可以便捷高效地制备得到本发明的分子筛。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所得磷铝酸盐前驱体A的XRD图谱;
图2为实施例2所得磷铝酸盐前驱体B的XRD图谱;
图3为实施例3所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱;
图4为实施例3所得SCM-38分子筛的SEM图;
图5为实施例10所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱;
图6为实施例10所得SCM-38分子筛的SEM图;
图7为实施例13所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱;
图8为实施例13所得SCM-38分子筛的SEM图;
图9为对比例1所得产物的XRD图谱;
图10为对比例2所得产物的XRD图谱;
图11为对比例3所得产物的XRD图谱;
图12为对比例4所得产物的XRD图谱。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请的具体实施方式进行详细说明,但是需要指出的是,本申请的保护范围并不受这些具体实施方式的限制,而是由附录的权利要求书来确定。
本说明书提到的所有出版物、专利申请、专利和其它参考文献全都引于此供参考。除非另有定义,本说明书所用的所有技术和科学术语都具有本领域技术人员常规理解的含义。在有冲突的情况下,以本说明书的定义为准。
当本说明书以词头“本领域技术人员公知”、“现有技术”或其类似用 语来导出材料、物质、方法、步骤、装置或部件等时,该词头导出的对象涵盖本申请提出时本领域常规使用的那些,但也包括目前还不常用,却将变成本领域公认为适用于类似目的的那些。
在本说明书的上下文中,除了明确说明的内容之外,未提到的任何事宜或事项均直接适用本领域已知的那些而无需进行任何改变。而且,本文描述的任何实施方式均可以与本文描述的一种或多种其他实施方式自由结合,由此而形成的技术方案或技术思想均视为本申请原始公开或原始记载的一部分,而不应被视为是本文未曾披露或预期过的新内容,除非本领域技术人员认为该结合是明显不合理的。
在本说明书的上下文中,除非另有说明,分子筛的化学组成以相应元素的能够稳定存在的最高价态的氧化物形式的摩尔比计,即对于磷(P)以P 2O 5计,对于硅(Si)以SiO 2,对于铝(Al)以Al 2O 3计,对于钛(Ti)以TiO 2计,对于硼(B)以B 2O 3计,对于锆(Zr)以ZrO 2计,对于锡(Sn)以SnO 2计,对于铁(F e)以Fe 2O 3计。
在本说明书的上下文中,除非另有说明,本说明书内所提到的所有百分数、份数、比率等都是以重量为基准的,除非以重量为基准时不符合本领域技术人员的常规认识。
在本说明书的上下文中,符号“/”通常被理解为“和/或”,比如表述“更多/更大”的含义是“更多和/或更大”,除非该理解不符合本领域技术人员的常规认识。
在本说明书的上下文中,作为C1-C6直链或支链烷基,可以列举出甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、戊基及其异构体、己基及其异构体。所述C1-C6直链或支链烷基优选为C1-C4直链或支链烷基,更优选为C1-C3直链或支链烷基。
本发明的第一方面提供一种SCM-38分子筛,其中,所述分子筛为磷铝分子筛或硅磷铝分子筛,所述SCM-38分子筛在XRD谱图中显示出如下的衍射峰特征:在2θ衍射角7.20±0.1,10.81±0.1,11.60±0.1,14.32±0.1,21.39±0.1,21.83±0.1,27.31±0.1,28.72±0.1处出现X射线衍射峰,其中在2θ为7.20±0.1处为最强峰。
在本发明一个实施方式中,所述SCM-38分子筛具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3·SiO 2”所代表的示意性化学组成,其中,以摩尔比计,Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=0.8-1.5∶1,优选0.8-1.4,更优选0.9-1.3;以摩尔比计,SiO 2∶ P 2O 5=0-0.1∶1,优选为0-0.09∶1,更优选为0-0.07∶1。
如上所述,本发明的SCM-38分子筛具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3·SiO 2”所代表的示意性化学组成,但是其中可以不含有SiO 2,即SiO 2∶P 2O 5=0,此时,本发明的分子筛具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成。
在本发明一个实施方式中,本发明所述分子筛(SCM-38分子筛)在组成中一般还可能进一步含有模板剂(本发明的季铵化合物1、季铵化合物2)、水、源自氟源的氟成分等,比如填充在其孔道中的那些。但本发明认为并没有必要对该水分、模板剂、氟成分的量进行特定,因为本发明的磷铝分子筛或硅磷铝分子筛的性质主要由硅、磷、铝之间比例决定,并且这些元素以氧化物的形式存在,因此,本发明所述的分子筛组成只用其氧化物来表示。。
在本发明一个实施方式中,本发明的分子筛具有三角形形貌。
在本发明一个实施方式中,本发明的分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.20±0.1 100
10.81±0.1 5-50
11.60±0.1 5-50
14.32±0.1 5-50
21.39±0.1 5-50
21.83±0.1 5-50
27.31±0.1 5-50
28.72±0.1 5-50
本发明的第二方面提供了一种SCM-38分子筛的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
a)将磷铝酸盐前驱体、季铵化合物1、季铵化合物2、氟源和水以及任选的铝源、任选的硅源混合,得到合成母液;
b)将步骤a)所得合成母液晶化,制得SCM-38分子筛,
其中,所述季铵化合物1为下式(I)所示的化合物,
Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-000003
其中,R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4各自独立地选自C1-C6直链或支链烷基,X -表示抗衡离子,
所述季铵化合物2为下式(II)所示的化合物,
Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-000004
其中,R 5、R 6、R 7和R 8各自独立地选自C1-C6直链或支链烷基,R表示氢或羟基,X -表示抗衡离子,m表示1-4的整数,n表示5-10的整数,
式(I)所示的化合物和式(II)所示的化合物中,至少一者的X -表示氢氧根。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,优选R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4各自独立地选自C1-C4直链或支链烷基,更优选各自独立地选自C1-C3直链或支链烷基。作为R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4的具体例,可以列举甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、戊基及其异构体、己基及其异构体。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,优选R 5、R 6、R 7和R 8各自独立地选自C1-C4直链或支链烷基,更优选各自独立地选自C1-C3直链或支链烷基。作为R 5、R 6、R 7和R 8的具体例,可以列举甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、戊基及其异构体、己基及其异构体。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,m优选为1-3的整数,更优选为1-2的整数。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,n优选为5-8的整数,更优选为5-6的整数。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,上述式(I)所示的化合物和式(II)所示 的化合物中的抗衡离子(X -)可以为与季铵离子配伍的常规负离子,包括但不限于卤素(氟、氯、溴、碘)阴离子、硝酸根、氢氧根等。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,上述式(I)所示的化合物和式(II)所示的化合物中,至少一者的抗衡离子(X -)表示氢氧根。即,式(I)所示的化合物和式(II)所示的化合物中,至少一者为氢氧化季铵盐。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,本发明的季铵化合物1优选为四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵等中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,本发明的季铵化合物2中的季铵阳离子优选为6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基铵根离子或6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-乙基二甲基铵根离子,其化学结构式表示如下:
Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-000005
在本发明的一个实施方式中,在所述步骤a)的合成母液中,各物料的摩尔配比如下:硅源以SiO 2计、铝源以Al 2O 3计、磷铝酸盐前驱体以Al 2O 3、P 2O 5计、氟源以HF计和水以H 2O计,为(0-0.5)SiO 2∶(0.8-5)Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶(0.01-0.9)季铵化合物1∶(0.9-5)季铵化合物2∶(0.1-5)HF∶(10-500)H 2O,优选为(0-0.3)SiO 2∶(0.85-2)Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶(0.003-0.85)季铵化合物1∶(0.95-3)季铵化合物2∶(0.3-3)HF∶(20-300)H 2O,更优选为(0-0.1)SiO 2∶(0.0.86-1.5)Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶(0.05-0.8)季铵化合物1∶(1-2)季铵化合物2∶(0.5-1.8)HF∶(50-130)H 2O。在本发明中,铝源的用量根据磷铝酸盐前驱体中Al 2O 3的量来确定,即当磷铝酸盐前驱体提供的Al 2O 3的量满足上述配比要求时,不加入铝源,当磷铝酸盐前驱体提供的Al 2O 3的量不能满足上述配比要求时,加入铝源来满足上述配比要求。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述铝源选自拟薄水铝石、异丙醇铝、铝溶胶、氧化铝、氯化铝、硫酸铝、水合氧化铝、偏铝酸钠或者氢氧化铝等中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述硅源选自硅溶胶、气相二氧化硅、正硅酸乙酯、硅酸或者硅胶等中一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述氟源选自氢氟酸、氟化铵中一 种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,步骤a)中,各物料的加入顺序没有特别限制,优选为:先将水、任选的铝源、任选的硅源和磷铝酸盐前驱体混合均匀,然后依次加入季铵化合物2、季铵化合物1并混合均匀,再加入氟源。此时,还可以根据需要任选地进行搅拌。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,步骤b)中,所述晶化的条件如下:第一段晶化温度为120℃-150℃,晶化时间为24-84小时,优选地,晶化温度为120℃-140℃,晶化时间为48-80小时;第二段晶化温度为170℃-200℃,晶化时间为2-24小时,优选地,晶化温度为180℃-200℃,晶化时间为4-18小时。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,在步骤b)晶化步骤结束之后,可以通过常规已知的任何分离方式从所获得的混合物中分离出SCM-38分子筛产品,比如离心分离、洗涤和干燥。在此,所述分离、洗涤和干燥可以按照本领域常规已知的任何方式进行,其中分离如离心或过滤、抽滤。所述干燥温度,可选40-120℃,优选50-80℃;作为所述干燥的时间,8-48小时,优选12-24小时。该干燥可以在常压下进行,也可以在减压下进行,为节约能源,常选常压下进行。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体具有如式“Al 2O 3∶xP 2O 5”所代表的示意性化学组成,其中,0.7≤x≤2.5,优选0.8≤x≤2。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述的磷铝酸盐前驱体的XRD图谱具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.59±0.2 100
10.81±0.1 5-50
16.52±0.1 5-50
17.97±0.1 5-50
23.34±0.05 5-50
34.74±0.05 5-50
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述的磷铝酸盐前驱体的XRD图谱进一步具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
14.25±0.1 5-50
21.01±0.1 10-20
24.27±0.05 5-50
26.05±0.05 5-50
27.82±0.05 5-50
28.15±0.02 5-50
30.03±0.02 5-50
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述的磷铝酸盐前驱体的XRD图谱进一步具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
12.09±0.1 5-50
19.77±0.1 5-50
31.33±0.01 5-50
38.29±0.01 5-50
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法包括以下步骤:
将铝源、磷源、有机模板剂R A和有机模板剂R B、溶剂S 1、溶剂S 2和溶剂S 3进行混合,得到母液混合物的步骤;和
对母液混合物进行晶化处理,得到磷铝酸盐前驱体的步骤。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述有机模板剂R A为选自季铵盐或季铵碱中的一种或几种;R B为选自咪唑或吡咯烷衍生物中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述溶剂S 1为选自酰胺基溶剂中的一种或几种;所述溶剂S 2为选自环状有机溶剂中的一种或几种;所述S 3为选自水或C1-C6烷醇中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述有机模板剂R A为选自四乙基溴化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基溴化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵、四丁基溴化铵、四丁基氢氧化铵中的一种或几种;所述有机模板剂R B为选自咪唑、2-甲基咪唑、4-甲基咪唑、1-(3-氨基丙基)咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、吡咯烷、1-(3-吡咯烷)吡咯烷、N-乙基-2-氨甲基吡咯烷中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述溶剂S 1为选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二乙基甲酰胺和N,N-二丁基甲酰胺中的一种或几种;所述溶剂S 2为选自1,4-二氧六环、环己烷、环己酮和中的一种或几种;所述溶剂S 3为选自甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、丁醇、环己醇和水中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述有机模板剂R A优选为四乙基溴化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵和四丁基氢氧化铵中的一种或几种;所述有机模板剂R B优选为1-(3-氨基丙基)咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、N-乙基-2-氨甲基吡咯烷中的一种或几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述溶剂S 1优选为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和N,N-二丁基甲酰胺中的一种或几种;所述溶剂S 2优选为1,4-二氧六环和环己酮中的一种或两种;所述溶剂S 3优选为乙醇和水中的一种或两种,其中再优选为去离子水。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述母液混合物的制备步骤中,铝源以Al 2O 3计、磷源以P 2O 5计、有机模板剂R A+R B、溶剂S 1+S 2+S 3的摩尔组成如下:P 2O 5/Al 2O 3=0.75-2.5,优选为0.8-2.3;模板剂R A+R B/Al 2O 3=1-80,优选为5-50;溶剂S 1+S 2+S 3/Al 2O 3=5-500,优选为35-120。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述有机模板剂R A与有机模板剂R B的摩尔比为0.01-1∶1,优选为0.1-0.5∶1。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述溶剂S 1、溶剂S 2、与溶剂S 3的摩尔比为1∶0.01-1∶1-100,优选为1∶0.05-0.6∶10-80。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述铝源选自异丙醇铝、铝酸盐、偏铝酸盐、铝盐、铝的氢氧化物、铝的氧化物和含铝的矿物中的一种或几种,优选为铝酸盐和偏铝酸盐中的一种或两种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述磷源选自磷酸、磷酸一氢铵和磷酸二氢铵中的至少一种,优选为正磷酸。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,在进行晶化处理前,先进行搅拌、沉化处理。所述搅拌的时间为0.5-5h,所述沉化处理的时间为1-12h。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,在母液混合物的制备步骤中,对各原料的混合顺序没有特别限定,优选的是,将铝源、磷源、有机模板剂在溶剂S 1、S 2和S 3之中的一种或两种的混合物中(例如在溶剂S 3中)进行分散,然后进行搅拌、沉化处理,再加入S 1、S 2和S 3之中的未添加的其它溶剂(例如溶剂S 1、S 2的混合物)。所述搅拌的时间为0.5-5h,所述沉化处理的时间为1-12h。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,在制备得到母液混合物之后,晶化处理之前,可以对于母液混合物进行热处理,热处理温度可以为40-100℃,优选50-90℃;热处理可以为2-14小时,优选4-12小时。此时,还可以根据需要任选地进行搅拌。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述晶化处理的条件包括:晶化温度为120-200℃,优选为140-180℃,更优选为140-160℃;晶化时间为1-5天,优选为3-5天,更优选为4-5天。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的制备方法中,所述晶化处理后进行常规的后处理,如过滤、洗涤、干燥制得所述分子筛的步骤。所述过滤、洗涤和干燥可以按照本领域常规已知的任何方式进行,其中分离如离心或过滤、抽滤。所述干燥温度,可选40-120℃,优选50-80℃;作为所述干燥的时间,8-48小时,优选12-24小时。该干燥可以在常压下进行,也可以在减压下进行,为节约能源,常选常压下进行。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,本发明所述磷铝酸盐前驱体为SCM-34分子筛。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,本发明所述磷铝酸盐前驱体可以按照WO2022052967A1中公开的制备方法制备得到。
本发明第三方面提供一种分子筛组合物,包括按照前述任一方面所述的SCM-38分子筛或者按照前述任一方面所述的制备方法制得的SCM-38分子筛,以及粘结剂。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述粘结剂没有特别限定,可以为 本领域中的常规粘结剂,例如可以列举纳米二氧化硅、氧化铝、硅藻土、空心陶瓷球等中的一种或它们的混合物。
本发明的第四方面提供了一种甲醇制二甲醚用催化剂,其包含本发明上述SCM-38分子筛、或者按照前述任一方面所述的制备方法制得的SCM-38分子筛、或者本发明上述的分子筛组合物。
本发明的第五方面提供了甲醇制二甲醚的方法,其中包括在催化剂的存在下使甲醇转化为二甲醚的步骤,所述催化剂包含本发明上述SCM-38分子筛、或者按照前述任一方面所述的制备方法制得的SCM-38分子筛、或者本发明上述的分子筛组合物。
本发明的特殊形貌SCM-38分子筛是一种新型分子筛,其具有独特的XRD衍射图和特殊形貌,丰富了分子筛的种类和分子筛的外观形貌。
实施例
下面通过实施例进一步详细地说明本申请的技术方案,但本发明的保护范围并不限于这些实施例。
以下实施例和对比例中,如无明确说明,所用试剂和原料均为市售产品,纯度为分析纯。
以下实施例和对比例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方式和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
在本发明中,分子筛的结构是由X-射线衍射谱图(XRD)确定的,所述分子筛的X-射线衍射谱图(XRD)由荷兰帕纳科公司X’Pert PRO型X射线粉末衍射(XRD)仪测定,使用Cu-Kα射线源,Kα1波长λ=1.5405980埃
Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-000006
镍滤光片,工作电压40kV,电流40mA,扫描范围3-50°。
在本发明中,分子筛中的SiO 2、Al 2O 3和P 2O 5的组成采用ICP方法测得。采用美国瓦里安公司VarianAnalytical725-ES型电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪分析样品中的元素比。
实施例1
取38g的硝酸铝[Al(NO 3) 3·9H 2O]溶于43mL去离子水中,搅拌下加入25.2g的磷酸(纯度≥85wt%)、151g的四丁基氢氧化铵(40wt%水溶 液)以及145.6g的1-(3-氨基丙基)咪唑,搅拌0.5h、沉化12h后得溶液A,然后向A溶液中加入16mL的N,N-二丁基甲酰胺以及4.6mL的环己酮,搅拌3.5h后置于90℃下热处理8h形成均匀的母液混合物B,其中以Al 2O 3计的铝源、以P 2O 5计的磷源、总模板剂和总溶剂的摩尔比为:Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5∶总模板剂∶总溶剂=1∶2.1∶7∶40,模板剂R A(四丁基氢氧化铵)∶模板剂R B(1-(3-氨基丙基)咪唑)=0.2(摩尔比),溶剂S 1(N,N-二丁基甲酰胺)∶溶剂S 2(环己酮)∶溶剂S 3(水)=1∶0.5∶78.5(摩尔比);将上述母液混合物B置于带有四氟乙烯内衬的晶化釜中,140℃晶化5天,产物经过滤、洗涤后80℃干燥24h,得磷铝酸盐前驱体,记为A,备用。其中,磷铝酸盐前驱体A具有如式“Al 2O 3∶xP 2O 5”所代表的示意性化学组成,x=2。磷铝酸盐前驱体A的XRD图谱见图1,即具有如下表1所示的X射线衍射峰:
表1
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.41 100
10.71 25
12.00 6
14.21 5
16.45 32
17.94 36
19.73 9
21.00 10
23.33 22
24.27 18
26.03 18
27.80 11
28.15 13
30.01 10
31.34 5
34.71 7
38.28 6
实施例2
取33.3g的硫酸铝[Al 2(SO 4) 3·18H 2O]溶于66.3mL水中,搅拌下加入5.2g的磷酸(纯度≥85wt%)、117.0 g的四丁基氢氧化铵(40wt%水溶液)和102.6g的1-(3-氨基丙基)咪唑得到混合液,搅拌3h、沉化6h后得溶液A,然后向混合物A中加入255mL的N,N-二丁基甲酰胺以及48mL的环己酮,搅拌4.5h后置于80℃下热处理12h形成均匀的母液混合物B,其中以Al 2O 3计的铝源、以P 2O 5计的磷源、总模板剂和总溶剂的摩尔比为:Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5∶总模板剂∶总溶剂=1∶0.9∶10∶80,模板剂R A(四丁基氢氧化铵)∶模板剂R B(1-(3-氨基丙基)咪唑)=0.22(摩尔比),溶剂S 1(N,N-二丁基甲酰胺)∶溶剂S 2(环己酮)∶溶剂S3(水)=1∶0.3∶48(摩尔比);将上述混合物B置带四氟乙烯内衬的晶化釜中于140℃下晶化5天,产物经过滤、洗涤后80℃干燥24h,得磷铝盐前驱体,记为B,备用。其中,磷铝酸盐前驱体B具有如式“Al 2O 3∶xP 2O 5”所代表的示意性化学组成,x=0.92。磷铝酸盐前驱体B的XRD图谱见图2,即具有如下表2所示的X射线衍射峰:
表2
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.49 100
10.77 35
12.01 5
14.18 15
16.43 38
17.87 40
19.70 8
20.96 12
23.32 30
24.22 26
26.03 23
27.80 17
28.15 20
30.01 18
31.32 8
34.74 8
38.28 5
实施例3
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌2h;然后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化60小时;然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后离心分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.22∶1。所得SCM-38分子筛的SEM见图4,其形貌为三角形形貌,其XRD图谱见图3,即具有如下表3所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表3
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.19 100
10.82 17
11.60 9
14.32 15
21.39 15
21.80 17
27.30 12
28.72 13
实施例4
称取计量量的去离子水,加入1.24g拟薄水铝石和6g磷铝酸盐前 驱体A,室温搅拌3h;然后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2:1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后离心分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=0.99∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表4所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表4
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.20 100
10.83 18
11.63 7
14.33 18
21.37 13
21.83 24
27.31 10
28.69 26
实施例5
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.7g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌3h;然后加入6.9g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:1.1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化48小时;然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38 分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计,Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.15∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表5所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表5
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.21 100
10.83 18
11.63 8
14.31 21
21.40 15
21.84 25
27.32 13
28.73 27
实施例6
称取计量量的去离子水,加入4.3g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌2h;然后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入6.6g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,各成分的摩尔比为:1.2Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.7季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶100H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化12小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.14∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表6所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表6
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.19 100
10.79 16
11.59 8
14.30 20
21.30 12
21.81 22
27.29 9
28.69 23
实施例7
称取计量量的去离子水,加入4.65g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌2h;然后加入8.2g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入6.6g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1.3g40wt%的HF溶液,各成分的摩尔比为:1.3Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.7季铵化合物1∶1.8季铵化合物2∶1.7HF∶110H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化4小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.09∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表7所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表7
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.20 100
10.82 22
11.60 11
14.33 22
21.38 18
21.82 23
27.27 8
28.70 21
实施例8
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝和6 g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌2h;然后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入2.73g25wt%的四甲基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.06∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表8所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表8
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.23 100
10.82 23
11.63 13
14.34 24
21.39 16
21.81 25
27.33 12
28.71 27
实施例9
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌3h;然后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入6.1g25wt%的四丙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时; 然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.14∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表9所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表9
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.20 100
10.79 19
11.61 11
14.31 24
21.38 15
21.82 26
27.32 12
28.70 28
实施例10
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌2h;然后加入1.8g 4wt%的硅溶胶,搅拌均匀后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)水溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:0.08SiO 2∶1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。室温搅拌4h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3·SiO 2”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计SiO 2∶Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=0.07∶1.13∶1。该分子筛的SEM图见图6,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱见图5,即具有如下表10所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表10
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.23 100
10.82 25
11.63 15
14.35 18
21.41 21
21.85 17
27.33 15
28.75 15
实施例11
称取计量量的去离子水,加入2.48g异丙醇铝,然后加入6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌3h;然后4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),再加入3.52g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)水溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入0.43g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:0.87Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.4季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶0.6HF∶55H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。130℃下晶化72h,然后升温至180℃,在该温度下继续晶化16h;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=0.9∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表11所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表11
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.22 100
10.81 19
11.63 10
14.35 24
21.38 17
21.86 28
27.34 13
28.74 28
实施例12
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝,然后加入6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌3h;然后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)水溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶120H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。120℃下晶化80h,然后升温至200℃,在该温度下继续晶化4h;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.3∶1。该分子筛的SEM图与图4类似,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表12所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表12
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.20 100
10.81 16
11.62 7
14.30 20
21.36 13
21.81 24
27.30 11
28.69 26
实施例13
称取计量量的去离子水,加入2.73g磷铝酸盐前驱体B,室温搅拌3h;然后加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),再加入0.5g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)水溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.06季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶60H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。在140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,在该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.12∶1。该分子筛的SEM图如图8,呈三角形形貌。所得SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱如图7所示,其具有如下表13所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表13
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.19 100
10.82 29
11.61 17
14.32 21
21.38 24
21.82 17
27.33 17
28.67 19
实施例14
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌2h;然后加入4.72g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-丙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.06R 1∶1R 2∶1.3HF∶60H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化60小时;然后升温至180℃,在该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后离心分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3 次),80℃干燥24h,得SCM-38分子筛,其具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3”所代表的示意性化学组成,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1.19∶1。SCM-38分子筛的SEM与图4类似,其形貌为三角形形貌,所得XRD图谱具有如下表14所示的主要的X射线衍射峰:
表14
2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100]
7.19 100
10.81 17
11.58 8
14.30 21
21.38 13
21.81 23
27.30 10
28.71 26
对比例1
称取计量量的去离子水,加入6.2g异丙醇铝,室温搅拌1h,然后加入3.51g磷酸,室温搅拌3h;加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)水溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,在该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得到的产物,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=0.97∶1,其XRD衍射图如图9所示,并非SCM-38分子筛。
对比例2
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体的混合物A,室温搅拌3h;加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液, 最后混合液中各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,在该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得到产物,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1∶1,其XRD衍射图如图10所示,并非SCM-38分子筛。
对比例3
称取计量量的去离子水,加入3.1g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体的混合物A,室温搅拌3h;加入4.75g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)水溶液,最后混合体系中各成分的摩尔比为:1Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶0HF∶88H 2O。室温搅拌3h后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化66小时;然后升温至180℃,在该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得到产物,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1∶1,其XRD衍射图如图11所示,并非SCM-38分子筛。
对比例4
称取计量量的去离子水,加入1.5g异丙醇铝和6g磷铝酸盐前驱体A,室温搅拌2h;然后加入4.72g6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-丙基二甲基溴化铵(季铵化合物2),然后再加入4.4g 25wt%的四乙基氢氧化铵(季铵化合物1)溶液,室温搅拌3h后加入1g40wt%的HF溶液,最后混合体系中各成分的摩尔比为:0.7Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶0.5季铵化合物1∶1季铵化合物2∶1.3HF∶88H 2O。搅拌均匀后装入带四氟乙烯内衬高压釜。140℃下晶化60小时;然后升温至180℃,在该温度下继续晶化8小时;冷却后离心分离、洗涤(离心洗涤操作重复2-3次),80℃干燥24h,得到产物,以摩尔比计Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=1∶1,其XRD衍射图如图12所示,并非SCM-38分子筛。
实施例15催化活性评价
催化剂1的制备:
称取2.5g实施例3中制备的SCM-38,加入1g氧化铝,然后加入5%的硝酸充分研磨均匀,120℃过夜烘干,然后放入460℃下N 2氛围下焙烧4h,然后空气氛围下4h。冷却后压片、压碎,筛分后称取20-40目颗粒1g放入干燥箱,作为催化剂1备用。
催化剂2的制备:
使用实施例10中制备的SCM-38分子筛,除此之外,与上述催化剂1的制备同样地,制备催化剂2。
催化剂3的制备:
使用对比例1中制备的产物,除此之外,与上述催化剂1的制备同样地,制备催化剂3。
催化剂1的催化活性评价
以纯甲醇为原料,采用直径15mm的固定床反应器,在其中装载催化剂(催化剂上下各垫上少量石英棉),在460℃、质量空速1h-1,氮气流速20ml/min的条件下,常压下进行甲醇制备二甲醚的转化反应。测定所得产物的成分,结果显示:二甲醚的峰值选择性为94.87%。
催化剂2的催化活性评价
使用催化剂2,与催化剂1的催化活性评价相同,评价催化剂2的活性,结果显示:二甲醚的峰值选择性为95.93%。
催化剂3的催化活性评价
使用催化剂3,与催化剂1的催化活性评价相同,评价催化剂2的活性,结果显示:二甲醚的峰值选择性为63.42%。
产业实用性
本发明提供一种新型的磷铝型分子筛或硅磷铝型分子筛,本发明的磷铝型分子筛或硅磷铝型分子筛作为甲醇转化二甲醚用的催化剂,表现出优异的活性。

Claims (15)

  1. SCM-38分子筛,其中,所述分子筛为磷铝或硅磷铝分子筛,所述SCM-38分子筛在XRD谱图中显示出如下的衍射峰特征:在2θ衍射角7.20±0.1,10.81±0.1,11.60±0.1,14.32±0.1,21.39±0.1,21.83±0.1,27.31±0.1,28.72±0.1处出现X射线衍射峰,其中在2θ为7.20±0.1处为最强峰,
    所述SCM-38分子筛具有“P 2O 5·Al 2O 3·SiO 2”所代表的示意性化学组成,其中,以摩尔比计:Al 2O 3∶P 2O 5=0.8-1.5∶1,优选0.8-1.4,更优选0.9-1.3;SiO 2∶P 2O 5=0-0.1∶1,优选为0-0.09∶1,更优选为0-0.07∶1。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的SCM-38分子筛,其特征在于,所述SCM-38分子筛的XRD图谱具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
    2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100] 7.20±0.1 100 10.81±0.1 5-50 11.60±0.1 5-50 14.32±0.1 5-50 21.39±0.1 5-50 21.83±0.1 5-50 27.31±0.1 5-50 28.72±0.1 5-50
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的SCM-38分子筛,其特征在于,所述SCM-38分子筛具有三角形形貌。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的SCM-38分子筛的制备方法,包括:
    a)将磷铝酸盐前驱体、季铵化合物1、季铵化合物2、氟源和水以及任选的铝源、任选的硅源混合,得到合成母液;
    b)将步骤a)所得合成母液晶化,制得SCM-38分子筛,
    其中,所述季铵化合物1为下式(I)所示的化合物,
    Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-100001
    其中,R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4各自独立地选自C1-C6直链或支链烷基,X-表示抗衡离子,
    所述季铵化合物2为下式(II)所示的化合物,
    Figure PCTCN2022126429-appb-100002
    其中,R 5、R 6、R 7和R 8各自独立地选自C1-C6直链或支链烷基,R表示氢或羟基,X -表示抗衡离子,m表示1-4的整数,n表示5-10的整数;
    式(I)所示的化合物和式(II)所示的化合物中,至少一者的抗衡离子X -表示氢氧根,
    所述磷铝酸盐前驱体具有如式“Al 2O 3∶xP 2O 5”所代表的示意性化学组成,其中,0.7≤x≤2.5,优选0.8≤x≤2。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的SCM-38分子筛的制备方法,其中,所述的磷铝酸盐前驱体的XRD图谱具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
    2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100] 7.59±0.2 100 10.81±0.1 5-50 16.52±0.1 5-50 17.97±0.1 5-50 23.34±0.05 5-50 34.74±0.05 5-50
  6. 按照权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述磷铝酸盐前驱体的XRD图谱还具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
    2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100] 14.25±0.1 5-50
    21.01±0.1 10-20 24.27±0.05 5-50 26.05±0.05 5-50 27.82±0.05 5-50 28.15±0.02 5-50 30.03±0.02 5-50
    优选进一步具有如下表所示的X射线衍射峰:
    2θ(°) 相对强度,[(I/I 0)×100] 12.09±0.1 5-50 19.77±0.1 5-50 31.33±0.01 5-50 38.29±0.01 5-50
  7. 根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的合成母液中,各物料的摩尔配比如下:硅源以SiO 2计、铝源以Al 2O 3计、磷铝酸盐前驱体以Al 2O 3、P 2O 5计、氟源以HF计和水以H 2O计,为(0-0.5)SiO 2∶(0.8-5)Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶(0.01-0.9)季铵化合物1∶(0.9-5)季铵化合物2∶(0.1-5)HF∶(10-500)H 2O,优选为(0-0.3)SiO 2∶(0.85-2)Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶(0.003-0.85)季铵化合物1∶(0.95-3)季铵化合物2∶(0.3-3)HF∶(20-300)H 2O,更优选为(0-0.1)SiO 2∶(0.0.86-1.5)Al 2O 3∶1P 2O 5∶(0.05-0.8)季铵化合物1∶(1-2)季铵化合物2∶(0.5-1.8)HF∶(50-130)H 2O。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述季铵化合物1为四甲基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵、四丙基氢氧化铵等中的一种或几种;
    所述季铵化合物2中的季铵阳离子为6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-2-羟乙基二甲基铵根离子或6-N,N-二甲胺基己基-乙基二甲基铵根离子。
  9. 根据权利要求4-8中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述铝源为选自拟薄水铝石、异丙醇铝、铝溶胶、氧化铝、氯化铝、硫酸铝、水合氧化铝、偏铝酸钠或者氢氧化铝中的一种或几种;
    所述硅源为选自硅溶胶、气相二氧化硅、正硅酸乙酯、硅酸或者硅胶中一种或几种;
    所述氟源为选自氢氟酸或氟化铵中一种或几种。
  10. 按照权利要求4-9任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤b)中,所述晶化的条件如下:第一段晶化温度为120℃-150℃,晶化时间为24-84小时,优选地,晶化温度为120℃-140℃,晶化时间为48-80小时;第二段晶化温度为170℃-200℃,晶化时间为2-24小时,优选地,晶化温度为180℃-200℃,晶化时间为4-18小时。
  11. 按照权利要求4-10任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤b)之后,进一步包括分离步骤,优选的是所述分离步骤包括离心分离、洗涤和干燥中的至少一种处理。
  12. 分子筛组合物,包含权利要求1-3任一所述的分子筛或者按照权利要求4-11任一所述制备方法制备的分子筛以及粘结剂。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的分子筛组合物,其中,所述粘结剂为选自纳米二氧化硅、氧化铝、硅藻土、空心陶瓷球中的一种或几种。
  14. 甲醇制二甲醚用催化剂,其包含权利要求1-3任一所述的分子筛或者、或者按照权利要求4-11任一所述制备方法制备的分子筛、或者权利要求12或13所述的分子筛组合物。
  15. 甲醇制二甲醚的方法,其中包括在催化剂的存在下使甲醇转化为二甲醚的步骤,所述催化剂包含权利要求1-3任一所述的分子筛或者、或者按照权利要求4-11任一所述制备方法制备的分子筛、或者权利要求12或13所述的分子筛组合物。
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