WO2023068893A1 - 원통형 배터리, 그리고 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 - Google Patents
원통형 배터리, 그리고 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 및 자동차 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023068893A1 WO2023068893A1 PCT/KR2022/016203 KR2022016203W WO2023068893A1 WO 2023068893 A1 WO2023068893 A1 WO 2023068893A1 KR 2022016203 W KR2022016203 W KR 2022016203W WO 2023068893 A1 WO2023068893 A1 WO 2023068893A1
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- electrode
- active material
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- cylindrical battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
- H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cylindrical battery, a battery pack including the cylindrical battery, and a vehicle.
- a jelly roll type electrode assembly having a shape in which a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab are respectively extended vertically in a height direction of a battery housing may be applied to maximize current collection efficiency.
- a battery pack using cylindrical batteries typically, a plurality of cylindrical batteries are placed upright in a housing, and the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical batteries are used as positive terminals and negative terminals, respectively, to provide mutual protection between the plurality of cylindrical batteries. electrically connected.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion of the electrode assembly accommodated inside the battery housing extends downward and is electrically connected to the bottom surface of the battery housing, and the positive electrode uncoated portion extends upward and is electrically connected to the top cap. am. That is, in a cylindrical battery, it is common that the bottom surface of the battery housing is used as a negative terminal, and the top cap covering the top opening of the battery housing is used as a positive terminal.
- a positive electrode active material in the form of a single particle or quasi-single particle having a relatively large primary particle size has been developed.
- the electrode was broken in a state where the porosity was not achieved to a target level, and there was a problem in that the resistance characteristics and charge/discharge efficiency of the lithium secondary battery were not good.
- the present invention has been devised in consideration of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical battery structure having a structure in which a positive terminal and a negative terminal are applied in the same direction.
- the present invention in the case of electrically connecting a plurality of cylindrical batteries in one direction, secures a sufficient area for welding electrical connection parts such as bus bars for battery pack manufacturing and electrode terminals of the cylindrical battery. for work purposes
- the present invention has been devised in consideration of the above problems, and aims to reduce the internal resistance of a cylindrical battery and effectively prevent internal short circuit at the same time.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide an electrode that can implement excellent thermal stability, high electrical conductivity and high rolling characteristics by applying a single particle or quasi-single particle as a cathode active material, and an electrode assembly including the same.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide an electrode assembly with improved energy density by including a silicon-based negative electrode active material in the negative electrode.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide an electrode assembly in which the section of the cathode active material section is increased without worrying about precipitation of lithium.
- Another technical problem of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical battery that can exhibit excellent thermal stability even when the volume of the battery increases due to an increase in form factor.
- a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems is a first electrode having a first uncoated portion and a first holding portion, a second electrode having a second uncoated portion and a second holding portion, and the an electrode assembly including a separator interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a battery housing accommodating the electrode assembly through an opening formed at one side and electrically connected to the electrode assembly; a battery terminal that penetrates the closed portion of the battery housing positioned opposite the open portion and is electrically connected to the electrode assembly; and a cap plate configured to cover the opening portion.
- the first electrode includes at least one insulating layer configured to simultaneously cover at least a portion of the first uncoated portion and at least a portion of the first holding portion,
- At least part of the first uncoated portion is used as an electrode tab by itself.
- the battery terminal may be electrically connected to the first uncoated portion having a first polarity
- the battery housing may be electrically connected to the second uncoated portion having a second polarity opposite to the first polarity.
- the battery terminal may include a terminal exposed portion extending to the outside of the battery housing; and a terminal insertion portion penetrating the closing portion of the battery housing.
- the cylindrical battery may further include an insulating gasket interposed between the battery housing and the battery terminal to insulate the battery terminal from the battery housing.
- the insulating gasket may include a gasket exposed portion extending to the outside of the battery housing; and a gasket insertion portion passing through an upper surface of the battery housing.
- the battery terminal may be riveted to an inner surface of the battery housing.
- the cap plate may be insulated from the electrode assembly and may not have a polarity.
- the insulating layer may be provided on both surfaces of the first electrode.
- One end of the insulating layer in the winding axial direction may be positioned at the same height as or outside one end of the separator in the winding axial direction.
- One end of the insulating layer in the winding axial direction may be positioned at the same height as one end of the separation membrane in the winding axial direction.
- the first uncoated portion may further protrude outward from the insulating layer.
- the first holding part may not protrude more in a winding axis direction than the separation membrane.
- the first electrode may be an anode.
- One end of the second electrode facing the insulating layer with the separator interposed therebetween may not protrude outward more than one end of the separator.
- the first holding part may include a sliding part having a reduced thickness of the active material layer compared to a central region of the first holding part.
- the sliding part may be formed in a boundary region between the first holding part and the first uncoated part.
- the sliding part may be provided at one end of the first electrode and the other end of the second electrode, respectively.
- the sliding part of the first holding part provided in the first electrode and the sliding part of the second holding part provided in the second electrode may be provided in opposite directions.
- the separator may protrude outward from the other end of the first electrode and one end of the second electrode.
- the insulating layer may be configured to cover at least a portion of the sliding portion.
- the active material layer of the first electrode may include a cathode active material including a single particle, quasi-single particle, or a combination thereof, and D min , which is a minimum particle size appearing in the cumulative volume distribution of the cathode active material, may be 1.0 ⁇ m or more.
- D 50 when the volume cumulative amount is 50% may be 5.0 ⁇ m or less
- the maximum particle size D max appearing in the volume cumulative distribution of the positive electrode active material is 12 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m. It may be 17 ⁇ m.
- the cathode active material has a unimodal particle size distribution showing a single peak in a volume cumulative particle size distribution graph, and a particle size distribution (PSD) represented by the following formula may be 3 or less :
- Particle size distribution (PSD) (D max - D min )/D 50
- the single particle, quasi-single particle, or a combination thereof may be included in an amount of 95wt% to 100wt% based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material included in the active material layer of the first electrode.
- the cathode active material may include a lithium nickel-based oxide containing 80 mol% or more of Ni based on the total number of moles of the transition metal.
- the active material layer of the first electrode may have a porosity of 15% to 23%, and the active material layer of the first electrode may include flaky graphite in a weight ratio of 0.05wt% to 5wt%.
- the active material layer of the first electrode may further include carbon nanotubes.
- the active material layer of the second electrode may include a silicon-based negative active material and a carbon-based negative active material, and the silicon-based negative active material and the carbon-based negative active material may be included in a weight ratio of 1:99 to 20:80.
- the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention, the cylindrical battery; and a pack housing accommodating a plurality of the cylindrical batteries.
- a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the battery pack.
- a cylindrical battery structure having a structure in which positive terminals and negative terminals are applied in the same direction is provided, and thus an electrical connection structure of a plurality of cylindrical batteries can be simplified.
- the electrode terminal of the cylindrical battery has a sufficient area to be welded with an electrical connection part such as a bus bar, so that sufficient bonding strength between the electrode terminal and the electrical connection part can be secured, and the electrical connection part It is possible to lower the resistance at the junction between the electrode terminal and the electrode terminal to a desired level. That is, according to the present invention, the internal resistance of the cylindrical battery can be drastically reduced.
- the thermal stability of the battery can be further improved by including the positive electrode active material powder having D min of 1.0 ⁇ m or more in the positive electrode.
- the positive electrode active material powder having D min of 1.0 ⁇ m or more in the positive electrode.
- D min minimum particle size
- the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material powder in which D 50 , D max , and particle size distribution (PSD) are appropriately adjusted, thereby minimizing an increase in resistance due to application of single particles, Excellent capacitance and output characteristics can be realized.
- D 50 , D max , and particle size distribution (PSD) are appropriately adjusted, thereby minimizing an increase in resistance due to application of single particles, Excellent capacitance and output characteristics can be realized.
- the conductivity of the electrode may be improved by including a single-grain cathode active material coated with a conductive coating layer or by containing novel CNTs as a conductive material.
- the flaky graphite is included in the cathode active material layer, when the cathode active material layer is rolled, the flaky graphite provides a sliding effect to the cathode active material to improve the rolling characteristics of the electrode, the electrode The porosity can be reduced to a target level. Accordingly, stability, initial resistance characteristics, and charge/discharge efficiency of the cylindrical battery are improved.
- a higher energy density can be realized by including a silicon-based negative electrode active material having a large capacity in the negative electrode.
- the loading reduction portion having a small loading amount of the cathode active material is included in the cathode, the section of the cathode active material portion may be increased without worrying about lithium precipitation.
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cylindrical battery of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a view for explaining an electrode assembly included in the cylindrical battery of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a part of a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is a view for explaining an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a part of a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 7 and 8 are views for explaining a modified example of the electrode assembly of FIG. 6 .
- FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a comparative example of an electrode assembly of the present invention.
- 10 is a graph for explaining power distribution in various short circuit cases in a secondary battery.
- 11 and 12 are partial cross-sectional views showing the upper structure of a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 and 14 are diagrams illustrating a coupling structure of a first current collecting plate and an electrode assembly applied to the present invention.
- 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an upper structure of a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 16 is a view showing a lower surface of a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 17 is a view showing a second current collecting plate applied to the present invention.
- 18 is a diagram for explaining the battery pack of the present invention.
- 19 is a diagram for explaining the automobile of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a scanning micrograph of a novel CNT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 22 is a table showing a comparison of physical properties of reference CNTs and new CNTs.
- 23 to 26 are graphs showing sheet resistance and high-temperature lifespan characteristics for each conductive material ratio when single-grain active material particles are applied as a positive electrode active material.
- Example 28 is a SEM picture of the cathode active material used in Example 2-1 of the present invention.
- Example 29 is a SEM photograph of the cathode active material used in Example 2-2 of the present invention.
- Example 31 is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured according to Example 1 of the present invention.
- Example 33 is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Sample 1 of Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 of the present invention.
- Example 34 is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Samples 2 and 3 of Example 2-1, Samples 1 and 2 of Example 2-2, and Comparative Example 2-2 of the present invention.
- 35 is a cross-sectional SEM image of the anode prepared in Example 2-1 of the present invention.
- 39 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the cutting line A-A' of FIG. 40;
- 41 and 42 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 43 is a perspective view showing a negative electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 44 and 45 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 46 is a perspective view showing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 47 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the cutting line BB' of FIG. 47;
- 49 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a negative electrode according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- FIG 50 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a positive electrode according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- FIG 51 is a graph showing changes in energy density according to the content of the silicon-based negative active material and the presence or absence of doping of the silicon-based negative active material in a battery using a mixture of a silicon-based negative active material and a carbon-based negative active material as the negative electrode active material.
- a part such as a layer, film, region, plate, etc. is said to be “on” or “on” another part, this includes not only the case where it is “directly on” the other part, but also the case where there is another part in the middle. . Conversely, when a part is said to be “directly on” another part, it means that there is no other part in between.
- a reference part means to be located above or below the reference part, and to necessarily be located “on” or “on” in the opposite direction of gravity does not mean no.
- planar image it means when the target part is viewed from above, and when it is referred to as “cross-sectional image”, it means when a cross section of the target part cut vertically is viewed from the side.
- the cylindrical battery 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode assembly 10, a battery housing 20, a cap plate 30, and a terminal 40.
- the cylindrical battery 1 additionally includes a first collector plate 50 and/or an insulator 60 and/or an insulating gasket 70 and/or a second collector plate 80 and/or A sealing gasket 90 may be further included.
- the electrode assembly 10 includes a first electrode 11 having a first polarity, a second electrode 12 having a second polarity, the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 11. It includes a separator 13 interposed between the electrodes 12 and an insulating layer 14 covering at least a portion of the first electrode 11 .
- the first electrode 11 is an anode or a cathode
- the second electrode 12 corresponds to an electrode having a polarity opposite to that of the first electrode 11 .
- the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 may have a sheet shape.
- the electrode assembly 10 may have, for example, a jelly-roll shape. That is, in the electrode assembly 10, a laminate formed by sequentially stacking the first electrode 11, the separator 13, the second electrode 12, and the separator 13 at least once is wound around the center (C). It can be manufactured by winding based on. In this case, an additional separator 13 may be provided on the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 10 to insulate it from the battery housing 20 .
- the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 may include uncoated portions 11a and 12a on long sides of which the active material layer is not coated.
- the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 may include holding portions 11b and 12b coated with an active material layer except for the uncoated portions 11a and 12a.
- the first electrode 11 includes a first electrode current collector and a first electrode active material coated on one or both surfaces of the first electrode current collector.
- a region where the first electrode active material is applied on the first electrode current collector is referred to as a holding portion (first holding portion) 11b provided in the first electrode 11 .
- An uncoated portion (first uncoated portion) 11a to which the first electrode active material is not coated may be present at one end of the first electrode current collector in the width direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis). At least a part of the uncoated portion 11a is used as an electrode tab by itself. That is, the uncoated portion 11a functions as a first electrode tab provided on the first electrode 11 .
- the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11 is provided above the height direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis) of the electrode assembly 10 accommodated in the battery housing 20 .
- the second electrode 12 includes a second electrode current collector and a second electrode active material coated on one or both surfaces of the second electrode current collector.
- a region where the second electrode active material is applied on the second electrode current collector is referred to as a holding portion (second holding portion) 12b provided in the second electrode 12 .
- An uncoated portion (second uncoated portion) 12a to which the second electrode active material is not coated may be present at the other end of the second electrode current collector in the width direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis).
- At least a part of the uncoated portion 12a is used as an electrode tab by itself. That is, the uncoated portion 12a functions as a second electrode tab provided on the second electrode 12 .
- the uncoated portion 12a provided on the second electrode 12 is provided below the height direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis) of the electrode assembly 10 accommodated in the battery housing 20 .
- the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11 and the uncoated portion 12a provided on the second electrode 12 may protrude in opposite directions.
- the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11 protrudes upward in the height direction (direction parallel to the Z axis) of the electrode assembly 10
- the uncoated portion 12a provided on the second electrode 12 may protrude downward in a height direction (a direction parallel to the Z-axis) of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode and the uncoated portion 12a provided on the second electrode are disposed in the width direction of the electrode assembly 10, that is, in the height direction (Z-axis) of the cylindrical battery 1. It may be in the form of extending and protruding in opposite directions along a direction parallel to).
- the holding parts 11b and 12b may include sliding parts having a reduced thickness of the active material layer compared to a central region of the holding parts 11b and 12b.
- each of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 may have a sliding portion, which is a region in which the thickness of the active material layer is reduced, at one end or the other end.
- the sliding phenomenon is a phenomenon in which the slurry in the application boundary area has a substantially inclined shape in which less electrode active material is applied in the slurry application boundary area than in areas other than the slurry application border area due to the spread of the slurry containing the electrode active material. it means.
- the slurry volume decreases as the solvent contained in the slurry evaporates, and the sliding phenomenon may be further intensified near the boundary between the area where the electrode active material is applied and the area where the electrode active material is not applied.
- the sliding part may be formed in a boundary region between the holding parts 11b and 12b and the uncoated parts 11a and 12a.
- the sliding part may be provided at one end of the first electrode 11 and the other end of the second electrode 12 , respectively. That is, the sliding part of the holding part 11b provided in the first electrode 11 and the sliding part of the holding part 12b provided in the second electrode 12 may be provided in opposite directions.
- the sliding portion of the first electrode 11 may be formed above the winding axis direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis), and the sliding portion of the second electrode 12 may be formed therewith. It may be formed at the bottom of the winding axis direction (parallel to the Z axis), which is the opposite direction.
- the length of the holding portion 11b provided in the first electrode 11 in the direction of the winding axis is in the direction of the winding axis of the holding portion 12b provided in the second electrode 12. It may be shorter than the length of (direction parallel to the Z axis).
- the holding portion 11b provided in the first electrode 11 is positioned closer to the winding axis direction (parallel to the Z-axis) than the holding portion 12b provided in the second electrode 12. can do. For example, referring to FIG.
- the holding portion provided on the second electrode 12 ( 12b) may have a large length in the winding axis direction (direction parallel to the Z axis). Furthermore, referring to FIG. 4 , the length of the holding portion 11b provided in the first electrode 11 in the winding axis direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis) is equal to the length of the holding portion 12b provided in the second electrode 12. It may be formed shorter than the length of the winding axis direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis) of the region excluding the middle sliding part. This structure is to prevent the precipitation of lithium metal as the NP ratio of the anode/cathode is reduced to 100% or less.
- the holding portions 11b and 12b may not protrude more in the winding axis direction (direction parallel to the Z axis) than the separation membrane 13 . That is, if the holding portions 11b and 12b protrude in the direction of the winding axis (parallel to the Z-axis) than the separator 13, the possibility of contact between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 increases. can If so, an internal short circuit may occur in the contact area, increasing the risk of ignition. Therefore, it is important that the holding portions 11b and 12b do not protrude in the direction of the winding axis (parallel to the Z-axis) than the separation membrane 13 . That is, the holding parts 11b and 12b are preferably located inside the separation membrane 13 .
- the first electrode 11 of the present invention includes at least one electrode covering at least a portion of the uncoated portion and at least a portion of the holding portion at the same time.
- An insulating layer 14 may be included. Electrical contact between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 can be effectively prevented by the insulating layer 14 . More specifically, electrical contact between the non-coated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 and the holding portion 12b of the second electrode 12 can be effectively prevented.
- the insulating layer 14 may be provided on at least one surface of the first electrode 11 .
- the insulating layer 14 may be provided on both sides of the first electrode 11 .
- a separator 13 is located on the left side as well as on the right side of the first electrode 11, and another second electrode 12 is located on the left side of the separator 13 located on the left side. is located Therefore, in order to prevent electrical contact with the second electrodes 12 located on the left and right sides, the insulating layer 14 is preferably provided on both sides of the first electrode 11.
- the insulating layer 14 may be provided in the entire region that may face the holding portion 12b provided on the second electrode 12 in the middle of the region of the first electrode 11 .
- one end of the insulating layer 14 in the direction of the winding axis is at the same height as one end of the winding axis of the separation membrane 13 (direction parallel to the Z-axis) or at one end. It may be located outside. More specifically, referring to FIG. 4 as an example, one end of the winding axis direction (parallel to the Z-axis) of the insulating layer 14 may be located at the same height as one end of the separation membrane 13 in the winding axis direction.
- the separator 13 protrudes in the winding axis direction (direction parallel to the Z axis) between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, the gap between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 electrical contact can be prevented to some extent.
- the second electrode 12 since there is a possibility that flow such as meandering of the first electrode 11 or the second electrode 12 may occur inside the cylindrical battery 1, the second electrode 12 is located near the end of the separator 13. The possibility of doing so cannot be ruled out. Therefore, when the second electrode 12 is located up to the end of the separator 13 due to flow such as meandering or the second electrode 12 protrudes outward more than the end of the separator 13, the first electrode Electrical contact between (11) and the second electrode (12) becomes unavoidable.
- the insulating layer 14 provided on the first electrode 11 is at least one part of the separator 13 It preferably extends to the same height as the end or to the outside of one end.
- the insulating layer 14 covers the entire uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11, the first electrode 11 cannot function as an electrode, so the insulating layer ( 14) should cover only a part of the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11. That is, the uncoated portion 11a may have a shape that further protrudes outward from the insulating layer 14 .
- the insulating layer 14 may be an insulating coating layer or an insulating tape provided on a boundary region between the uncoated portion 11a and the holding portion 11b.
- the shape of the insulating layer 14 is not limited thereto, and any form in which the insulating layer 14 can be attached to the first electrode 11 while ensuring insulating performance can be employed in the present invention.
- the insulating layer 14 may include, for example, an oil-based SBR binder and alumina oxide in order to secure insulating performance.
- the insulating layer 14 may simultaneously cover at least a portion of the uncoated portion 11a and at least a portion of the holding portion 11b.
- the insulating layer 14 may be provided on a boundary region between the holding portion 11b and the uncoated portion 11a.
- the insulating layer 14 may cover at least a portion of the sliding portion.
- the insulating layer 14 is approximately 0.3 from the boundary between the uncoated portion 11a and the holding portion 11b in the entire area of the uncoated portion 11a provided in the first electrode 11. It can be extended to a point of ⁇ 5 mm. More preferably, the insulating layer 14 is formed approximately from the boundary between the uncoated portion 11a and the holding portion 11b in the entire area of the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11. It can be extended to a point of 1.5 to 3 mm.
- the insulating layer 14 extends to a position where electrical contact does not occur.
- the insulating layer 14 is about 0.1 to 3 from the boundary between the uncoated portion 11a and the holding portion 11b in the entire area of the holding portion 11b provided in the first electrode 11. It can be extended to the mm point. More preferably, the insulating layer 14 is formed approximately from the boundary between the uncoated portion 11a and the holding portion 11b in the entire area of the holding portion 11b provided in the first electrode 11. It can be extended to a point of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
- the battery loses capacity, so there is a need to minimize the length of the holding part cover length of the insulating layer 14. there is.
- the insulating layer 14 provided on the first electrode 11 At least part of the holding portion 11b must be covered.
- the separator 13 may have a shape protruding outward from the other end of the first electrode 11 and one end of the second electrode 12 .
- one end in FIG. 4 means an end in the upper direction of the winding axis direction (parallel to the Z axis) on the drawing, and the other end means the end in the winding axis direction (Z axis) on the drawing. direction parallel to) means the end of the lower direction.
- the separator 13 may protrude outward from the lower end of the first electrode 11 and protrude outward from the upper end of the second electrode 12 . Meanwhile, the separator 13 does not protrude beyond the upper end of the first electrode 11 .
- the separator 13 does not protrude beyond the lower end of the second electrode 12 .
- the lower end of the second electrode 12 that is, the uncoated portion 12a to function as the uncoated portion 12a provided on the second electrode 12.
- one end of the second electrode 12 facing the insulating layer 14 with the separator 13 therebetween may have a shape that does not protrude outward more than one end of the separator 13. there is.
- an insulating layer 14 is provided at one end of the first electrode 11, and one end of the second electrode 12 facing the insulating layer 14. is located toward the inside of the separation membrane 13. Therefore, even if one end of the first electrode 11 protrudes to the outside of the separator 13, since one end of the second electrode 12 is located inside the separator 13, the first electrode 11 ) and the possibility of contact between the second electrode 12 is significantly reduced.
- the battery housing 20 is a substantially cylindrical container having an opening formed at a lower end thereof, and is made of a conductive material such as metal.
- the material of the battery housing 20 may be aluminum, for example.
- the bottom portion of the battery housing 20 provided with the open portion will be referred to as an open end.
- a side surface (outer circumferential surface) and an upper surface of the battery housing 20 may be integrally formed.
- An upper surface (parallel to the X-Y plane) of the battery housing 20 has a substantially flat shape.
- An upper surface located on the opposite side of the open end is referred to as a closed end.
- the battery housing 20 accommodates the electrode assembly 10 through an opening formed at the lower side and also accommodates the electrolyte.
- the battery housing 20 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 10 .
- the battery housing 20 may be electrically connected to one of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 .
- the battery housing may be electrically connected to the second electrode 12 of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the battery housing 20 may have the same polarity as that of the second electrode 12 .
- the battery housing 20 may include a beading portion 21 and a crimping portion 22 formed at a lower end thereof.
- the beading part 21 is located below the electrode assembly 10 .
- the beading part 21 is formed by press fitting around the outer circumferential surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the beading portion 21 prevents the electrode assembly 10, which may have a size substantially corresponding to the width of the battery housing 20, from coming out through an opening formed at the bottom of the battery housing 20, and the cap plate ( 30) can function as a support to be seated.
- the crimping part 22 is formed below the beading part 21 .
- the crimping part 22 has a shape extended and bent to cover the outer circumferential surface of the cap plate 30 disposed below the beading part 21 and a part of the lower surface of the cap plate 30 .
- the present invention does not exclude the case where the battery housing 20 does not have the beading portion 21 and/or the crimping portion 22. That is, in the present invention, when the battery housing 20 does not include the beading portion 21 and/or the crimping portion 22, the electrode assembly 10 is fixed and/or the battery housing 20 is sealed. For example, it can be realized through the additional application of a part that can function as a stopper for the electrode assembly 10 . In addition, if the cylindrical battery 1 of the present invention includes the cap plate 30, the electrode assembly 10 is fixed and/or the battery housing 20 is sealed, for example, the cap plate 30 It can be realized through additional application of a structure that can be seated and/or welding between the battery housing 20 and the cap plate 30. That is, the cap plate 30 may seal the open end of the battery housing.
- the battery housing 20 may have a thickness in the range of about 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm, and more preferably in the range of about 0.6 mm to 0.8 mm.
- the battery housing 20 may have a thickness of a side wall portion constituting an outer circumferential surface of about 0.3 mm to about 0.8 mm, more preferably about 0.40 mm to about 0.60 mm.
- a plating layer may be formed on the battery housing 20 .
- the plating layer may include, for example, nickel (Ni).
- the plating layer may have a thickness of about 1.5 ⁇ m to about 6.0 ⁇ m.
- the cap plate 30 may be made of, for example, a metal material to secure rigidity.
- the cap plate 30 may cover an opening formed at a lower end of the battery housing 20 . That is, the cap plate 30 forms the lower surface of the cylindrical battery 1 .
- the cap plate 30 may not have a polarity even if it is made of a conductive metal material. Having no polarity may mean that the cap plate 30 is electrically insulated from the battery housing 20 and the terminal 40 . Accordingly, the cap plate 30 may not function as the positive terminal 40 or the negative terminal 40 . Accordingly, the cap plate 30 may or may not be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 10 and the battery housing 20, and the material does not necessarily have to be a conductive metal.
- the cap plate 30 When the battery housing 20 of the present invention includes the beading part 21 , the cap plate 30 may be seated on the beading part 21 formed in the battery housing 20 . In addition, when the battery housing 20 of the present invention includes the crimping part 22 , the cap plate 30 may be fixed by the crimping part 22 . A sealing gasket 90 may be interposed between the cap plate 30 and the crimping portion 22 of the battery housing 20 to ensure airtightness of the battery housing 20 . Meanwhile, as described above, the battery housing 20 of the present invention may not have the beading part 21 and/or the crimping part 22. In this case, the sealing gasket 90 is the battery housing 20 It may be interposed between the cap plate 30 and a structure for fixing provided on the open side of the battery housing 20 to ensure airtightness.
- the cap plate 30 includes a venting portion 31 formed to prevent internal pressure from increasing beyond a predetermined value due to gas generated inside the battery housing 20. more can be provided.
- the bent portion 31 corresponds to an area of the cap plate 30 having a smaller thickness than the surrounding area.
- the venting part 31 is structurally weak compared to the surrounding area. Therefore, when an abnormality occurs in the cylindrical battery 1 and the internal pressure of the battery housing 20 increases to a certain level or more, the venting part 31 is broken and the gas generated inside the battery housing 20 is discharged. do.
- the venting portion 31 may be formed by partially reducing the thickness of the battery housing 20 by notching one side or both sides of the cap plate 30, for example. .
- the cylindrical battery 1 has a structure in which both a positive terminal and a negative terminal exist on the upper part, and therefore, the upper structure is more complicated than the lower structure. Accordingly, a vent 31 may be formed on the cap plate 30 forming the lower surface of the cylindrical battery 1 to smoothly discharge the gas generated inside the battery housing 20 .
- the lower end of the cap plate 30 is preferably positioned higher than the lower end of the battery housing 20 . In this case, even if the lower end of the battery housing 20 touches the ground or the bottom surface of the housing for configuring the module or pack, the cap plate 30 does not touch the ground or the bottom surface of the housing for configuring the module or pack. do not reach Therefore, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which the pressure required for rupture of the venting part 31 differs from the design value due to the weight of the cylindrical battery 1, and accordingly, the smoothness of the rupture of the venting part 31 can be secured. .
- the venting part 31 has a closed loop shape as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 , the greater the distance from the center of the cap plate 30 to the venting part 31, the more favorable it is in terms of ease of breakage. do. This is because, when the same venting pressure is applied, as the distance from the center of the cap plate 30 to the bent portion 31 increases, the force acting on the bent portion 31 increases, making breakage easier. In addition, in terms of smooth discharge of the venting gas, the greater the distance from the center of the cap plate 30 to the venting part 31, the more advantageous it is. From this point of view, the venting part 31 is formed along the periphery of a substantially flat area protruding downward from the edge circumference area of the cap plate 30 (in a downward direction with reference to FIG. 15 ). It can be advantageous to be
- venting part 31 is continuously formed on the cap plate 30 in an approximate circle, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the venting portion 31 may be discontinuously formed on the cap plate 30 in a substantially circular shape, or may be formed in a substantially straight line shape or other shapes.
- the terminal 40 is made of a conductive metal material and is disposed on the top surface of the battery housing 20, that is, on one side of the battery housing 20. It passes through a plane (a plane parallel to the X-Y plane) located on the opposite side of the formed opening.
- the terminal 40 is, for example, electrically connected to the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the terminal 40 has a first polarity. Therefore, the terminal 40 can function as a first electrode terminal in the cylindrical battery 1 of the present invention.
- the terminal 40 is electrically insulated from the battery housing 20 having the second polarity. Electrical isolation between the terminal 40 and the battery housing 20 may be realized in various ways.
- insulation may be realized by interposing an insulation gasket 70, which will be described later, between the terminal 40 and the battery housing 20.
- insulation may be realized by forming an insulating coating layer on a portion of the terminal 40 .
- a method of structurally firmly fixing the terminal 40 to prevent contact between the terminal 40 and the battery housing 20 may be applied.
- a plurality of methods among the methods described above may be applied together.
- the terminal 40 may include a terminal exposure part 41 and a terminal insertion part 42 .
- the terminal exposed portion 41 may be exposed to the outside of the battery housing 20 .
- the terminal exposed portion 41 may be located at a substantially central portion of the upper surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the maximum width of the terminal exposed portion 41 may be greater than the maximum width of a hole formed in the battery housing 20 due to the penetration of the terminal 40 .
- the terminal insertion portion 42 may be electrically connected to the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 through a substantially central portion of the upper surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the terminal insertion part 42 may be rivet-coupled on the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the end of the terminal insertion part 42 may have a shape bent toward the inner surface of the battery housing 20, and thus the maximum width of the end of the terminal insertion part 42 is that of the terminal insertion part 42. It may be formed larger than the maximum width of the hole of the battery housing 20 formed by penetration.
- the upper surface of the battery housing 20 and the terminal 40 exposed to the outside of the battery housing 20 may have polarities opposite to each other and face the same direction.
- a step may be formed between the terminal 40 and the upper surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the terminal exposed portion 41 of the terminal 40 is the upper surface of the battery housing 20 It may protrude further upward.
- the upper surface of the battery housing 20 has a concavely recessed shape downward from the center, that is, in a direction toward the electrode assembly 10, the upper surface of the battery housing 20 is the battery terminal 40. ) may protrude more upward than the terminal exposed portion 41 of the.
- the upper surface of the battery housing 20 has a recessed shape downward from its center, that is, in a direction toward the electrode assembly 10, the recessed depth and exposure of the terminals of the battery terminals 40 Depending on the thickness of the portion 41, the upper surface of the battery housing 20 and the upper surface of the terminal exposed portion 41 may form the same plane. In this case, a step difference may not be formed between the upper surface of the battery housing 20 and the terminal exposed portion 41 .
- the central region of the terminal insertion portion 42 may be coupled to the first collector plate 50 .
- a central region of the terminal insertion part 42 may have, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape.
- the diameter of the bottom surface of the central region of the terminal insertion part 42 may be set to approximately 6.2 mm.
- connection between the bottom surface of the central region of the terminal insertion part 42 and the first current collector plate 50 may be performed by, for example, laser welding or ultrasonic welding.
- the laser welding may be performed by irradiating a laser through a hole formed in the winding center C of the electrode assembly 10 to form a laser welding line on one surface of the first current collecting plate 50 .
- the laser welding line may be formed in a shape drawing a substantially concentric circle with a bottom surface of a central region of the terminal insertion portion 42 of one surface of the first current collector plate 50 .
- the welding line may be formed continuously or partially discontinuously.
- the concentric welding line may have a diameter of approximately 60% to 80% of the diameter of the bottom surface of the central region of the terminal insertion part 42 .
- the diameter of the circle drawn by the welding line may preferably be approximately 4.0 mm or more.
- the ultrasonic welding may be performed by inserting a welding rod for ultrasonic welding through a hole formed in the winding center C of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the weld portion formed by the ultrasonic welding is formed in the contact interface between the bottom surface of the central region of the terminal insertion portion 42 and the first current collector plate 50 .
- the welding portion formed by the ultrasonic welding may be entirely formed within a concentric circle having a diameter of approximately 30% to 80% of the bottom surface of the central region of the terminal insertion portion 42 .
- the diameter of the circle drawn by the ultrasonic welding portion may be approximately 2.0 mm or more.
- the diameter of the circle drawn by the ultrasonic welding is formed too small, bonding strength by welding may be insufficient.
- the diameter of the circle drawn by the ultrasonic welding is too large, the risk of damage to the electrode assembly 10 due to heat and/or vibration may increase.
- the insulating gasket 70 is interposed between the battery housing 20 and the terminal 40 to prevent the battery housing 20 and the terminal 40 having opposite polarities from contacting each other. Accordingly, the upper surface of the battery housing 20 having a substantially flat shape can function as the second electrode terminal of the cylindrical battery 1 .
- the insulating gasket 70 may include a gasket exposed portion 71 and a gasket inserted portion 72 .
- the gasket exposed portion 71 is interposed between the terminal exposed portion 41 of the terminal 40 and the battery housing 20 .
- the gasket insertion part 72 is interposed between the terminal insertion part 42 of the terminal 40 and the battery housing 20 .
- the gasket insertion portion 72 may be deformed together during riveting of the terminal insertion portion 42 and adhered to the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the insulating gasket 70 may be made of, for example, an insulating resin material.
- the gasket exposed portion 71 of the insulating gasket 70 may have an extended shape to cover an outer circumferential surface of the terminal exposed portion 41 of the terminal 40 .
- the gasket exposed portion 71 of the insulating gasket 70 may have an extended shape to cover not only the outer circumferential surface of the terminal exposed portion 41 but also a part of the upper surface thereof.
- the insulating gasket 70 may be coupled to the battery housing 20 and the terminal 40 by thermal fusion. In this case, airtightness at the bonding interface between the insulating gasket 70 and the terminal 40 and at the bonding interface between the insulating gasket 70 and the battery housing 20 may be enhanced.
- the terminal 40 is coupled to the insulating gasket 70 by insert injection molding. It could be.
- the insulating gasket 70, the insulator 60, and the sealing gasket 90 may be formed of the same material as each other. However, this is not essential.
- the insulation gasket 70 and the insulator 60 may have the same thickness. However, this is not essential. If they have different thicknesses, the insulator 60 may be thinner than the thickness of the insulating gasket 70, and vice versa.
- the upper surface of the battery housing 20, that is, the outer surface of the closing portion 20a, except for the area occupied by the terminal 40 and the insulating gasket 70, has the opposite polarity to the terminal 40.
- the terminal 40 having the insulating coating layer on the upper surface of the battery housing 20 except for the occupied area the entire remaining area may function as the second electrode terminal.
- the cylindrical sidewall of the battery housing 20 may be formed of one piece of the closing portion 20a so that there is no discontinuous portion between the second electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal.
- a connection from the sidewall of the battery housing 20 to the closing portion 20a may be a smooth curve.
- the connection portion may include at least one corner having a predetermined angle.
- the first current collector 50 may be coupled to an upper portion of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the first collector plate 50 is made of a conductive metal material and can be electrically connected to the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode.
- the first current collector 50 may have a plurality of radially formed irregularities on its lower surface. When the unevenness is formed, the first current collector 50 may be pressed to press-fit the unevenness into the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode.
- the first current collector 50 may be coupled to an end of the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 .
- the coupling between the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 and the first current collector plate 50 may be performed by, for example, laser welding.
- the laser welding may be performed by partially melting the base material of the first collector plate 50, and solder for welding between the first collector plate 50 and the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11. It may be made in the intervening state.
- the solder preferably has a lower melting point than that of the first collector plate 50 and the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode.
- the first collector plate 50 is coupled to a coupling surface formed by bending an end of the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode in a direction parallel to the first collector plate 50 . It can be.
- a bending direction of the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode may be, for example, a direction toward the winding center C of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the insulator 60 is a first house coupled between the top of the electrode assembly 10 and the inner surface of the battery housing 20 or the top of the electrode assembly 10. It may be provided between the front plate 50 and the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the insulator 60 may prevent contact between the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 and the battery housing 20 and/or contact between the first collector plate 50 and the battery housing 20.
- the insulator 60 may also be interposed between the upper end of the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 10 and the inner surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the first current collector plate 50 may be a plate extending completely across the upper end of the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 10 . However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the first collector plate 50 may be formed to extend only partially across the upper end of the outer circumferential surface of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the terminal insertion portion 42 of the terminal 40 passes through the insulator 60 to the first collector plate 50 or It may be combined with the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 .
- the insulator 60 may have an opening adjacent to the winding center C. The opening allows the terminal insertion portion 42 of the terminal 40 to directly contact the first collector plate 50 .
- the terminal insertion portion 42 may have a circular shape in plan, but is not limited thereto.
- the terminal insertion part 42 may optionally have a polygonal shape, a star shape, a shape having a leg extending from the center, or the like.
- the second current collector 80 is coupled to a lower portion of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the second current collector 80 is made of a conductive metal material and may be connected to the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 .
- the second collector plate 80 may be electrically connected to the battery housing 20 .
- the second collector plate 80 may be interposed and fixed between the inner surface of the battery housing 20 and the sealing gasket 90 .
- the second collector plate 80 may be welded to the inner wall surface of the battery housing 20 .
- the second current collector 80 may include a plurality of radially formed irregularities on one surface thereof. When the unevenness is formed, the second current collector 80 may be pressed to press-fit the unevenness into the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 .
- the second current collector 80 may be coupled to an end of the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 .
- the coupling between the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 and the second current collecting plate 80 may be performed by, for example, laser welding.
- the laser welding may be performed by partially melting the base material of the second current collector plate 80, and solder for welding between the second current collector plate 80 and the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12. It may be made in the intervening state.
- the solder preferably has a lower melting point compared to the uncoated portion 12a of the second current collector 80 and the second electrode 12 .
- the second collector plate 80 is formed by bending the end of the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 in a direction parallel to the second collector plate 80. can be bonded onto.
- the bending direction of the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 may be, for example, a direction toward the winding center C of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 has a bent shape, the space occupied by the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 is reduced, thereby improving energy density.
- an effect of improving bonding force and reducing resistance may be brought about due to an increase in the bonding area between the non-coated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 and the second current collecting plate 80 .
- the second current collector 80 may include a plurality of sub-plates 81 extending approximately radially from the center and spaced apart from each other.
- the plurality of sub plates 81 may be coupled to the uncoated portion 12a of the second electrode 12 and the battery housing 20 , respectively.
- an end of the second collector plate 80, that is, an end of the sub plate 81 may be electrically connected to an inner surface of a sidewall of the battery housing 20 as shown in FIG. 15 .
- the second collector plate 80 When the second collector plate 80 includes a plurality of sub-plates 81 spaced apart from each other, the second collector plate 80 partially covers the lower surface of the electrode assembly 10 . Thus, a sufficient space is secured for the gas generated from the electrode assembly 10 to move toward the cap plate 30, and gas venting downward from the cylindrical battery 1 can be smoothly performed. Meanwhile, as described above, the structure of the second current collector 80 including the plurality of sub-plates 81 may be applied to the first current collector 50 as described above.
- the sealing gasket 90 may have a substantially ring shape surrounding the cap plate 30 .
- the sealing gasket 90 may simultaneously cover the lower surface, the upper surface, and the side surface of the cap plate 30 .
- the radial length of the part covering the upper surface of the cap plate 30 is greater than the radial length of the part of the sealing gasket 90 that covers the lower surface of the cap plate 30. can be less than or equal to If the radial length of a portion of the sealing gasket 90 covering the upper surface of the cap plate 30 is too long, the sealing gasket 90 may be removed from the second collector plate in the sizing process of vertically compressing the battery housing 20.
- a cylindrical battery 1 includes a battery terminal 40 having a first polarity on one side of its longitudinal direction (direction parallel to the Z-axis) and a battery terminal It is electrically insulated from (40) and has a closing portion (20a) of the battery housing (20) having a second polarity. That is, the battery terminal 40 may function as a first electrode terminal, and the closing portion 20a of the battery housing 20 may function as a second electrode terminal.
- the cylindrical battery 1 since a pair of electrode terminals having opposite polarities are located in the same direction, in the case of electrically connecting a plurality of cylindrical batteries 1, It is possible to dispose an electrical connection component such as a bus bar only on one side of the cylindrical battery 1 . This can lead to simplification of the battery pack structure and improvement of energy density.
- the cylindrical battery 1 has a structure in which one surface of the battery housing 20 having a substantially flat shape, that is, the outer surface of the closing portion 20a can be used as the second electrode terminal, so that a bus bar or the like A sufficient bonding area may be secured in bonding the electrical connection component of the second electrode terminal to the second electrode terminal. Accordingly, in the cylindrical battery 1, sufficient bonding strength between the electrical connecting part and the second electrode terminal can be secured, and resistance at the bonding portion can be reduced to a desirable level.
- bus bars B are connected to the battery terminal 40 of the cylindrical battery 1 of the present invention and the external surface of the closing portion 20a of the battery housing 20, respectively.
- an area of the battery terminal 40 exposed to the outside of the battery housing 20 That is, the width D1 of the top surface of the terminal exposed portion 41 may be set to approximately 10% to 60% of the width D2 of the outer surface of the closing portion 20a, that is, the width D2 of the top surface of the battery housing 20. there is.
- the electrode assembly 10 according to the embodiment of FIG. 5 has a structure in which the uncoated portions 11a and 12a are bent in the electrode assembly 10 of the previous embodiment of FIG. 3 .
- the electrode assembly 10 may have a structure in which at least a portion of the uncoated portions 11a and 12a are bent toward the core.
- at least some sections of the uncoated portions 11a and 12a may be divided along the circumferential direction of the electrode assembly 10, whereby a plurality of segments F may be formed.
- the plurality of segments (F) may have a structure that is overlapped in several layers while being bent toward the core.
- a plurality of segments may be formed by laser notching.
- the segment pieces can be formed by a known metal foil cutting process such as ultrasonic cutting or punching.
- the gap is preferably 0.2 to 4 mm.
- the gap can prevent damage to the active material layer and/or the insulating layer 14 due to tolerances during notching or cutting of the segments.
- the bending direction of the uncoated portions 11a and 12a may be, for example, a direction toward the winding center C of the electrode assembly 10 .
- the space occupied by the uncoated portions 11a and 12a is reduced, thereby improving energy density.
- bonding force may be improved and resistance may be reduced.
- the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11 may be bent in one direction.
- the +X direction in FIG. 6 may be a direction toward the core side.
- the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 may pass over the separator 13 and come closer to the second electrode 12 side. Therefore, it is preferable that the insulating layer 14 extends to the end of the uncoated portion 11a on the surface facing the core side of both surfaces of the uncoated portion 11a provided on the first electrode 11. do.
- the uncoated portion 11a includes a plurality of segment segments F
- the plurality of segment segments F may be bent along the radial direction and overlap each other.
- the insulating layer 14 may be omitted in the region where the plurality of segments F overlap (region marked with a dotted line circle) so that electrical connections between the segment segments F can be made.
- the structure in which the insulating layer is omitted in the overlapping region of the segments F is also applicable to the remaining embodiments to be described below.
- the insulating layer 14 may be provided only in a partial region on a surface opposite to the surface facing the core. That is, among both surfaces of the non-coated portion 11a, the non-coated portion 11a may be exposed to the outside in a partial area of the surface opposite to the surface facing the core. Therefore, through the exposed uncoated portion 11a on the surface opposite to the surface facing the core, electrical contact with the uncoated portion 11a provided on the adjacent first electrode 11 or the first collector plate 50 is possible. do. That is, the uncoated portion 11a may be electrically coupled to the first current collector 50 in an area not covered by the insulating layer 14 among the entire area of the uncoated portion 11a.
- the uncoated portion 11a may be coupled to the first current collector 50 by welding in an area not covered by the insulating layer 14 among the entire area of the uncoated portion 11a.
- the welding may be, for example, laser welding.
- the laser welding may be performed by partially melting the base material of the first current collector 50, or may be performed in a state where solder for welding is interposed between the first current collector 50 and the uncoated portion 11a. there is.
- the solder preferably has a lower melting point than that of the first current collector 50 and the uncoated portion 11a.
- resistance welding, ultrasonic welding, etc. are possible, but the welding method is not limited thereto.
- the insulating layer 14 may have a shape surrounding an end of the uncoated portion 11a. Specifically, the insulating layer 14 may have a structure surrounding an end surface of the uncoated portion 11a. For example, when the length of the bent uncoated portion 11a is long, the possibility of contact with the second electrode 12 increases. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the bent uncoated portion 11a is further bent by flow or external pressure. At this time, the possibility that the distal surface of the uncoated portion 11a contacts the second electrode 12 increases.
- the insulating layer 14 covers up to the end surface of the uncoated portion 11a, the first electrode 11 ) and the second electrode 12 may be prevented from being electrically contacted.
- the insulating layer 14 may extend to a bending point of the uncoated portion 11a on a surface opposite to the surface facing the core.
- another separator 13 and another second electrode 12 are located on the left side of the first electrode 11 in FIG. 8 . That is, the first electrode 11 has the possibility of electrical contact not only with the second electrode 12 located on the right side of the first electrode 11, but also with the second electrode 12 located on the left side of the first electrode 11. Have.
- electrical contact with the second electrodes 12 located on both sides of the first electrode 11 can be prevented reliably.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode assembly 10 without an insulating layer 14 as a comparative example of the present invention.
- a separate insulating layer 14 is not provided in a boundary region between the uncoated portion 11a of the first electrode 11 and the holding portion 11b.
- the second electrode 12 when flow occurs due to meandering of the first electrode 11 or the second electrode 12, the second electrode 12 is located up to the end of the separator 13 or the second electrode 12 ) protrudes outward more than the end of the separator 13, and electrical contact between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 may occur.
- the separator 13 is damaged for some reason, electrical contact between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 may occur.
- an internal short circuit cannot be avoided due to electrical contact between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 . Therefore, the risk of ignition increases.
- FIG. 10 is a graph for explaining power distribution in several short-circuit cases in the cylindrical battery 1 . Referring to FIG. 10 , the following four short-circuit cases that may occur in the cylindrical battery 1 may be assumed.
- the electrode assembly 10 of the present invention considering the structure of the electrode assembly 10 of the present invention, it is required to find a structure capable of preventing electrical contact between the holding part provided in the negative electrode and the uncoated part provided in the positive electrode.
- the present inventors have found that if the insulating layer 14 is provided in at least a portion of the uncoated portion provided on the anode, electrical contact with the holding portion provided on the cathode can be effectively prevented.
- the present invention was completed. That is, the first electrode 11 may be an anode.
- the first electrode 11 is not necessarily limited to an anode, and may be a cathode.
- the second electrode 12 is provided with the insulating layer 14 . That is, the insulating layer 14 may be provided on both the anode and the cathode. In this case, all possible short-circuit cases can be prevented.
- the cylindrical battery 1 is cylindrical, for example, with a form factor ratio (defined as the diameter of a cylindrical battery cell divided by its height, i.e., the ratio of the height H to the diameter ⁇ ) greater than approximately 0.4. It could be a battery.
- the form factor means a value representing the diameter and height of a cylindrical battery.
- a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may be, for example, a 46110 battery, a 48750 battery, a 48110 battery, a 48800 battery, or a 46800 battery.
- the first two numbers indicate the diameter of the battery
- the next two numbers indicate the height of the battery
- the last number 0 indicates that the cross section of the battery is circular.
- a cylindrical battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a cylindrical battery having a diameter of about 46 mm, a height of about 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.418.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 75 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.640.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 110 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.418.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a diameter of about 48 mm, a height of about 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.600.
- a battery according to another embodiment may be a cylindrical battery having a diameter of about 46 mm, a height of about 80 mm, and a form factor ratio of about 0.575.
- batteries with a form factor ratio of approximately 0.4 or less have been used. That is, conventionally, for example, 18650 batteries and 21700 batteries have been used. For an 18650 cell, its diameter is approximately 18mm, its height is approximately 65mm, and the form factor ratio is approximately 0.277. In the case of the 21700 battery, its diameter is approximately 21 mm, its height is approximately 70 mm, and the form factor ratio is approximately 0.300.
- a battery pack 3 is a battery assembly in which a plurality of cylindrical batteries 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention are electrically connected and accommodating them. It includes a pack housing (2).
- components such as a bus bar, a cooling unit, and a power terminal for electrical connection are omitted for convenience of illustration.
- a vehicle 5 may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle, and includes a battery pack 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the automobile 5 includes a four-wheeled automobile and a two-wheeled automobile.
- the vehicle 5 operates by receiving power from the battery pack 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the "primary particle” is a particle in which no grain boundary appears when observed in a field of view of 5000 to 20000 times using a scanning electron microscope or a backscattered electron rotation pattern analyzer (EBSD). means unit.
- Average particle diameter of primary particles means an arithmetic average value calculated after measuring the particle diameters of primary particles observed in a scanning electron microscope or EBSD image.
- Secondary particles are particles formed by aggregation of a plurality of primary particles.
- secondary particles in which 10 or less primary particles are aggregated are referred to as quasi-single particles in order to distinguish them from conventional secondary particles formed by aggregation of tens to hundreds of primary particles.
- the "specific surface area” is measured by the BET method, and can be specifically calculated from the nitrogen gas adsorption amount under liquid nitrogen temperature (77K) using BELSORP-mino II of BEL Japan.
- D min ”, “D 50 ”, and “D max ” are particle size values of the cumulative volume distribution of the positive electrode active material measured using a laser diffraction method. Specifically, D min is the minimum particle size appearing in the volume cumulative distribution, D 50 is the particle size when the volume cumulative amount is 50%, and D max is the maximum particle size appearing in the volume cumulative distribution.
- D 50 means the average particle diameter of the primary particles.
- D 50 means the average particle diameter of particles formed by aggregation of primary particles.
- the particle size value of the volume cumulative distribution is, for example, after dispersing the cathode active material in a dispersion medium, introducing it into a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device (e.g., Microtrac MT 3000) and irradiating ultrasonic waves of about 28 kHz with an output of 60 W. After that, it can be measured by obtaining a volume cumulative particle size distribution graph.
- a commercially available laser diffraction particle size measuring device e.g., Microtrac MT 3000
- “consist essentially of A” indicates that it includes component A and any components not mentioned that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the present invention.
- Basic and novel features of the present invention include at least one of minimizing particle breakage during battery manufacturing, minimizing gas generated by such particle breakage, and minimizing internal cracks. A person of ordinary skill in the art can recognize the material impact of these properties.
- the present inventors have found that a single particle composed of one primary particle or less than 10 particles as a cathode active material It was confirmed that the safety of a large-sized cylindrical battery can be dramatically improved when a quasi-single particle type cathode active material, which is an aggregate of primary particles, is used alone.
- the positive electrode is a positive current collector; and a cathode active material layer formed on at least one side of the cathode current collector, wherein the cathode active material layer may include a cathode active material, and optionally, a conductive material and/or a binder.
- the cathode may have a structure in which a cathode active material layer is formed on at least one surface or both surfaces of a long sheet-shaped cathode current collector, and the cathode active material layer may include a cathode active material and a binder.
- the positive electrode is a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder on one side or both sides of a long sheet-shaped positive electrode current collector, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol, N-methylpyrroly It may be prepared by applying a cathode slurry prepared by dispersing in a solvent such as money (NMP), acetone, or water, removing the solvent of the cathode slurry through a drying process, and then rolling. Meanwhile, when the positive electrode slurry is applied, a positive electrode including an uncoated portion (uncoated portion) may be manufactured by not applying the positive electrode slurry to a partial region of the positive electrode current collector, for example, one end of the positive electrode current collector.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- NMP isopropyl alcohol
- N-methylpyrroly N-methylpyrroly
- a cathode slurry prepared by applying a cathode slurry prepared by dispersing in
- the cathode active material includes single-particle active material particles.
- the single-particle active material particles may be 90wt% or more, 95wt% or more, 98wt% or more, or 99wt% or more relative to 100wt% of the positive electrode active material.
- the cathode active material may be composed of only the single-particle active material particles.
- the single-particle active material particle refers to a single particle, a quasi-single particle, or both.
- the single particle is a particle composed of one primary particle, and the quasi-single particle is an aggregate of 10 or less primary particles.
- single-particle active material particles composed of one primary particle or quasi-single-particle form in which 10 or less primary particles are agglomerated are conventional secondary active material particles in which dozens to hundreds of primary particles are aggregated. Since the particle strength is higher than that of the particle-type cathode active material, particle breakage hardly occurs during rolling. In addition, in the case of single-particle active material particles, since the number of primary particles constituting the particle is small, the change due to volume expansion and contraction of the primary particles during charging and discharging is small, and accordingly, cracks inside the particle are remarkably generated. Decrease.
- the single particle and / or quasi-single particle is 95wt% to 100wt%, preferably 98wt% to 100wt%, more preferably 99wt% to 100wt% based on the weight of the total positive electrode active material included in the positive electrode, More preferably, it is preferably included in an amount of 100wt%.
- the cathode active material including single particles and/or quasi-single particles according to the present invention has D min of 1.0 ⁇ m or more, 1.1 ⁇ m or more, 1.15 ⁇ m or more, 1.2 ⁇ m or more, 1.25 ⁇ m or more, 1.3 ⁇ m or more, or 1.5 ⁇ m.
- D min of the cathode active material is less than 1.0 ⁇ m, the line pressure increases during the cathode rolling process, and thus particle breakage is likely to occur, and thermal stability is deteriorated, so that thermal stability cannot be sufficiently secured when applied to a large cylindrical battery.
- D min of the cathode active material may be 3 ⁇ m or less, 2.5 ⁇ m or less, or 2 ⁇ m or less. If D min is too large, the lithium ion diffusion distance within the particles increases, and resistance and output characteristics may deteriorate.
- D min of the cathode active material may be 1.0 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, 1.0 ⁇ m to 2.5 ⁇ m, or 1.3 ⁇ m to 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the cathode active material may have D 50 of 5 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or less, or 3 ⁇ m or less, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 ⁇ m. to 5 ⁇ m.
- Single-particle and/or quasi-single-particle type positive electrode active materials have less lithium mobility than secondary particle type positive electrode active materials because there are fewer interfaces between primary particles, which serve as a diffusion path for lithium ions inside the particles. There is a problem with this increase. This increase in resistance intensifies as the size of the particles increases, and when the resistance increases, capacity and output characteristics are adversely affected. Accordingly, by adjusting the D 50 of the positive electrode active material to 5 ⁇ m or less, the diffusion distance of lithium ions inside the positive electrode active material particles is minimized, thereby suppressing an increase in resistance.
- the cathode active material may have a D max of 12 ⁇ m to 17 ⁇ m, preferably 12 ⁇ m to 16 ⁇ m, and more preferably 12 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- D max of the cathode active material satisfies the above range, resistance characteristics and capacity characteristics are more excellent. If the D max of the positive electrode active material is too large, agglomeration between single particles occurs, and the lithium movement path inside the agglomerated particles becomes long, resulting in poor lithium mobility, which may increase resistance. On the other hand, if the D max of the cathode active material is too small, excessive disintegration is performed. Due to excessive disintegration, D min may decrease to less than 1 ⁇ m, resulting in particle breakage during rolling and deterioration in thermal stability.
- the positive electrode active material may have a particle size distribution (PSD) of 3 or less, preferably 2 to 3, more preferably 2.3 to 3, represented by the following formula (1).
- PSD particle size distribution
- Particle size distribution (PSD) (D max - D min )/D 50
- the positive electrode active material has the above particle size distribution, the electrode density of the positive electrode can be appropriately maintained, and particle breakage and resistance increase can be effectively suppressed.
- the cathode active material may have an average particle diameter of primary particles of 5 ⁇ m or less, 4 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or less, or 2 ⁇ m or less, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. , more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the primary particles satisfies the above range, a single particle and/or quasi-single particle positive electrode active material having excellent electrochemical properties may be formed. If the average particle diameter of the primary particles is too small, the number of agglomerations of the primary particles forming the positive electrode active material increases, reducing the effect of suppressing particle breakage during rolling.
- the diffusion path of lithium may be elongated, increasing resistance and degrading output characteristics.
- the cathode active material preferably has a unimodal particle size distribution.
- a bimodal positive electrode active material in which a large particle size positive electrode active material having a large average particle diameter and a small particle size positive electrode active material having a small average particle diameter are mixed and used has been widely used.
- the increase in resistance can be minimized by using a cathode active material having a unimodal distribution.
- the cathode active material may include lithium nickel-based oxide, and specifically, may include lithium nickel-based oxide containing 80 mol% or more of Ni based on the total number of moles of transition metal.
- the lithium nickel-based oxide may include 80 mol% or more and less than 100 mol%, 82 mol% or more and less than 100 mol%, or 83 mol% or more and less than 100 mol% of Ni. As described above, when the lithium nickel-based oxide having a high Ni content is used, high capacity can be realized.
- the cathode active material may include a lithium nickel-based oxide represented by the following [Formula 1].
- M 1 may be Mn, Al or a combination thereof, preferably Mn or Mn and Al.
- M 2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, W, Y, Ba, Ca, Ti, Mg, Ta, and Nb, preferably one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Y, Mg, and Ti. or more, more preferably Zr, Y, or a combination thereof.
- the M 2 element is not necessarily included, but when included in an appropriate amount, it may play a role of promoting grain growth during firing or improving crystal structure stability.
- the a represents the molar ratio of lithium in the lithium nickel-based oxide, and may be 0.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.2, 0.85 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.15, or 0.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.2.
- the crystal structure of the lithium nickel-based oxide may be stably formed.
- b represents the molar ratio of nickel among all metals except lithium in lithium nickel-based oxide, 0.8 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.82 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.83 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.85 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, 0.88 ⁇ b ⁇ 1 or 0.90 ⁇ b ⁇ 1.
- c represents the cobalt molar ratio of all metals except lithium in lithium nickel-based oxide, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.18, 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.17, 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.15, 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.12 or It may be 0.01 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.10.
- the molar ratio of cobalt satisfies the above range, good resistance characteristics and output characteristics may be implemented.
- d represents the molar ratio of M 1 element in all metals except lithium in lithium nickel-based oxide, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.2, 0 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.18, 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.17, 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.15, 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.12, or 0.01 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.10.
- the positive electrode active material exhibits excellent structural stability.
- e represents the molar ratio of M 2 element in all metals except for lithium in the lithium nickel-based oxide, it may be 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.1 or 0 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.05.
- the positive active material according to the present invention if necessary, on the surface of the lithium nickel-based oxide particles, Al, Ti, W, B, F, P, Mg, Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, V, Cu, Ca , Zn, Zr, Nb.
- a coating layer including at least one coating element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Sr, Sb, Bi, Si and S may be further included.
- the coating element may be Al, B, Co or a combination thereof.
- the cathode active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt% to 99 wt%, preferably 85 wt% to 99 wt%, and more preferably 90 wt% to 99 wt%, based on the total weight of the cathode active material layer.
- the positive electrode current collector various positive electrode current collectors used in the art may be used.
- the cathode current collector stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver may be used.
- the cathode current collector may typically have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the cathode current collector to increase adhesion of the cathode active material.
- the cathode current collector may be used in various forms such as, for example, a film, sheet, foil, net, porous material, foam, or nonwoven fabric.
- all or some of the single-particle active material particles may have a core-shell structure in which the particle surface is coated with a conductive coating layer.
- the conductive coating layer may cover at least some or all of the particles.
- the conductive coating layer includes a conductive nanomaterial.
- the present invention coats the surface of single-particle active material particles with a conductive nanomaterial, so that excellent electrical conductivity can be realized without adding a separate conductive material to the positive electrode slurry.
- the cathode active material layer when a cathode active material coated with a conductive nanomaterial is applied to the surface of the single-particle active material particle, the cathode active material layer may not use a conductive material except for the conductive coating layer.
- the viscosity of the positive electrode slurry can be reduced and the solid content can be increased, and effects of improving electrode coating processability and electrode adhesion can be obtained.
- the conductive nanomaterial may be a conductive material having a nano-sized size so as to be smoothly coated on the particles, and the type is not particularly limited.
- the conductive nanomaterial may be a carbon nanotube or carbon nanoparticle.
- the conductive nanomaterial may have various shapes, and may be, for example, spherical, scaly, or fibrous.
- the conductive coating layer may be formed by mixing single-particle active material particles, which are core parts, and conductive nanomaterials, and then heat-treating the conductive nanomaterial.
- the mixing may be performed by solid-phase mixing or liquid-phase mixing.
- the positive electrode active material layer includes flaky graphite.
- the flaky graphite provides a sliding effect to the positive electrode active material, so that the rolling characteristics of the electrode are improved. and can reduce the electrode porosity to a target level. Accordingly, stability, initial resistance characteristics, and charge/discharge efficiency of the battery to which the positive electrode according to the present invention is applied may be improved.
- the flaky graphite may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, preferably 0.1 wt% to 3 wt%, based on 100 wt% of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the flaky graphite used in the present invention may have an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m. If the size of flaky graphite is too small, it is difficult to realize a desired porosity, and current density may be lowered, resulting in lower capacity. At this time, the average particle diameter of the flaky graphite may be measured by a laser diffraction method (ISO 13320).
- the flaky graphite may have an aspect ratio of 0.1 to 500, preferably 1 to 100, and more preferably 1 to 30.
- an effect of reducing electrode resistance by improving conductivity occurs.
- the flaky graphite has a density of 2.0 g/cm 3 to 2.5 g/cm 3 , preferably 2.1 g/cm 3 to 2.4 g/cm 3 , more preferably 2.2 g/cm 3 to 2.3 g/cm can be 3
- the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer may be 15% to 23%, preferably 17% to 23%, and more preferably 18% to 23%.
- the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer satisfies the above range, the electrode density increases to realize excellent capacity and decrease resistance. If the porosity is too low, the impregnability of the electrolyte is poor, and lithium precipitation may occur due to non-impregnation of the electrolyte. If the porosity is too high, the contact between the electrodes is not good, so the resistance increases and the energy density decreases, so the capacity improvement effect is insignificant.
- the porosity value of the positive electrode active material layer can be achieved by i) the positive electrode active material includes single-particle active material particles and ii) adding flaky graphite to the positive electrode active material.
- the flaky graphite when included in the cathode active material layer as in the present invention, the flaky graphite provides a sliding effect and fills the gaps of the cathode active material layer during rolling, so that the porosity of the cathode active material layer is the same as above. range can be reduced.
- the positive electrode may have a loading amount of 570 mg/25 cm 2 or more, preferably 600 mg/25 cm 2 to 800 g/25 cm 2 , and more preferably 600 mg/25 cm 2 to 750 mg/25 cm 2 .
- a relatively high loading amount of the cathode can be secured. And, through this, it is possible to implement high-capacity characteristics.
- the positive electrode active material layer may further include a conductive material.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the electrode, and any material that does not cause chemical change inside the battery and has electronic conductivity can be used without particular limitation.
- Specific examples include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, carbon fiber, and carbon nanotube; metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; or conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives, and the like, and one of them alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the conductive material may be typically included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the conductive material may include carbon nanotubes.
- the cathode active material may include a multi-walled carbon nanotube having a high specific surface area and a small wall number as a conductive material.
- the multi-walled carbon nanotubes may be included in 50wt% or more, 70wt% or more, 90wt% or more, or 99wt% or more of 100wt% of the conductive material.
- the conductive material may be composed of only the multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
- the multi-walled carbon nanotubes have a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g. In order to distinguish this from the prior art, it is referred to as 'new CNT'.
- Carbon nanotubes (existing CNTs) commonly used in the prior art had a BET specific surface area of less than 300 m 2 /g.
- a comparison of scanning electron microscope images and physical properties (FIG. 22) of the new CNT (FIG. 20) and the existing CNT (FIG. 21) used in the present invention are as follows.
- the novel CNTs applied to the present invention are of a bundled type and have a multiwall structure, but have a higher BET and a smaller number of walls and a smaller diameter than conventional CNTs.
- the secondary particle type positive electrode active material In the case of using the secondary particle type positive electrode active material, sufficient electrical conductivity could be achieved even when the existing CNT was used at a level of 0.4wt% to 0.6wt%.
- the BET specific surface area is 300 m 2 because the resistance is higher than that of the conventional secondary particle type cathode active material and the electrical conductivity is low due to the small contact area with the conductive material.
- the content of the conductive material should be 0.9 wt% or more.
- 23 to 26 are graphs showing sheet resistance and high-temperature lifespan characteristics for each conductive material ratio when a single particle or quasi-single particle is applied as a cathode active material.
- the viscosity of the positive electrode slurry must be lowered by reducing the solid content in the positive electrode slurry.
- the active material content decreases, resulting in poor capacity characteristics.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that when carbon nanotubes having a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g are applied as a conductive material together with a cathode active material, which is a single-particle active material particle, , It was confirmed that sufficient electrical conductivity can be secured even with a relatively small amount of carbon nanotubes, and accordingly, the slurry viscosity can be maintained low even when the solid content of the cathode slurry is formed as high as 70 wt% to 80 wt%.
- the carbon nanotubes used in the present invention may be multi-walled carbon nanotubes having a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g, preferably 300 m 2 /g to 450 m 2 /g.
- BET specific surface area satisfies the above range, sufficient electrical conductivity can be secured even with a small amount of carbon nanotubes.
- the carbon nanotubes may be multi-walled carbon nanotubes having a wall number of 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 6, and more preferably 3 to 6.
- the carbon nanotubes may have a diameter of 1 nm to 8 nm, preferably 3 nm to 8 nm, and more preferably 3 nm to 6 nm.
- the carbon nanotubes may be included in an amount of 0.7 wt% or less, preferably 0.3 wt% to 0.7 wt%, and more preferably 0.4 wt% to 0.6 wt%, based on the total weight of the cathode active material layer.
- the content of the carbon nanotubes satisfies the above range, sufficient electrical conductivity can be achieved, and the solids content in the cathode slurry can be maintained high, thereby forming a high content of the cathode active material in the cathode active material layer. Excellent capacitance characteristics can be realized.
- the table shown in FIG. 27 shows the case where carbon nanotubes (new CNTs) having a BET specific surface area of 300 m 2 /g to 500 m 2 /g are applied and the carbon nanotubes (existing CNTs) having a BET of 200 m 2 /g or more and less than 300 m 2 /g ) was applied, the solid content and viscosity of the positive electrode slurry and the resistance values of the MP coating layer and the MP interface layer were compared. From the table above, it can be seen that, when the new CNT is applied, the positive electrode slurry has a lower viscosity and excellent electrical conductivity even when the solid content of the positive electrode slurry is higher than that of the conventional CNT.
- the binder serves to improve the adhesion between the particles of the positive electrode active material and the adhesion between the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode current collector, and specific examples include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene Polymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber (EPDM rubber), sulfonated-EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluoro rubber, or various copolymers thereof, and the like, One of these alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVDF-co-HFP vinylidene fluoride-hex
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to an electrode assembly including the positive electrode and a battery including the same.
- the electrode assembly includes a negative electrode and a positive electrode, and the positive electrode has the structural characteristics as described above.
- the electrode assembly may be stacked with a separator interposed between an anode and a cathode to form a stacked or stacked/folded structure, or may be wound to form a jelly roll structure.
- a separator may be additionally disposed on the outside to prevent contact between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- the negative electrode may include a negative electrode current collector; and an anode active material layer formed on at least one side of the anode current collector.
- the anode may have a structure in which an anode active material layer is formed on one or both surfaces of a long sheet-shaped anode current collector, and the anode active material layer may include a cathode active material, a conductive material, and a binder.
- the negative electrode is a negative electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder on one side or both sides of a long sheet-shaped negative electrode current collector by dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol, N-methylpyrroly It may be prepared by applying a negative electrode slurry prepared by dispersing in a solvent such as NMP, acetone, or water, removing the solvent of the negative electrode slurry through a drying process, and then rolling. When the negative electrode slurry is applied, a negative electrode including a non-coated portion may be manufactured by not applying the negative electrode slurry to a partial region of the negative electrode current collector, for example, one end of the negative electrode current collector.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- the anode active material may be a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium.
- the negative electrode active material include carbonaceous materials such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fiber, and amorphous carbon; Si, Si-Me alloy (where Me is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Sn, Mg, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ti, and Ni), SiO y (where 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2), silicon-based materials such as Si—C composites; lithium metal thin film; metal materials capable of being alloyed with lithium, such as Sn and Al; and the like, and any one or a mixture of two or more of them may be used.
- the negative electrode may include a silicon-based negative electrode active material.
- the silicon-based negative electrode active material is Si, a Si-Me alloy (where Me is at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Sn, Mg, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ti, and Ni), SiO It may be y (here, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2), a Si—C complex, or a combination thereof, preferably SiO y (here, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2). Since the silicon-based negative active material has a high theoretical capacity, capacity characteristics may be improved when the silicon-based negative active material is included.
- the silicon-based negative electrode active material may be doped with Mb metal, and in this case, the Mb metal may be a Group 1 metal element or a Group 2 metal element, and specifically, may be Li, Mg, or the like.
- the silicon anode active material may be Si, SiO y (here, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2), Si—C composite doped with M b metal, or the like.
- the active material capacity is somewhat lowered due to the doping element, but since it has high efficiency, high energy density can be implemented.
- FIG 51 is a graph showing changes in energy density according to the content of the silicon-based negative active material and the presence or absence of doping of the silicon-based negative electrode active material in a battery using a mixture of a silicon-based negative electrode active material and a carbon-based negative electrode active material as the negative electrode active material.
- low efficiency SiO means undoped SiO
- ultra-high efficiency SiO means Mg/Li doped SiO. 51 , it can be seen that the energy density improves as the content of the silicon-based negative active material among the total negative active materials increases. In addition, it can be confirmed that the energy density improvement effect is more excellent as the ratio of the doped silicon-based negative active material among the silicon-based negative active material increases.
- the silicon-based negative electrode active material may further include a carbon coating layer on the particle surface.
- the carbon coating amount may be 20 wt% or less, preferably 1 to 20 wt% based on the total weight of the silicon-based negative electrode active material.
- the carbon coating layer may be formed through a method such as dry coating, wet coating, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), or atomic layer deposition (ALD).
- the silicon-based negative active material may have a capacity of 1000 ⁇ 4000mAh / g, and may have an initial efficiency of about 60 ⁇ 95%.
- D 50 of the silicon-based negative active material may be 3um to 8um, and D min to D max may be included in the range of 0.5um to 30um.
- the anode may further include a carbon-based anode active material as an anode active material, if necessary.
- the carbon-based negative electrode active material may be, for example, artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitized carbon fiber, amorphous carbon, soft carbon, or hard carbon, but is not limited thereto.
- the mixing ratio of the silicon-based negative electrode active material and the carbon-based negative electrode active material is 1:99 to 20:80, preferably 1:99 to 15:85 by weight. , more preferably from 1:99 to 10:90.
- the negative active material may be included in an amount of 80 wt % to 99 wt %, preferably 85 wt % to 99 wt %, and more preferably 90 wt % to 99 wt %, based on the total weight of the negative active material layer.
- the anode active material may further include at least one selected from lithium metal and metal materials capable of alloying with lithium, such as Sn and Al.
- negative electrode current collectors commonly used in the art may be used, and examples include copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, carbon on the surface of copper or stainless steel, A surface treated with nickel, titanium, silver, or the like, an aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like may be used.
- the negative electrode current collector may have a thickness of typically 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and like the positive electrode current collector, fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the current collector to enhance bonding strength of the negative electrode active material.
- the negative electrode current collector may be used in various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous material, foam, or non-woven fabric.
- the conductive material is used to impart conductivity to the negative electrode, and any material that does not cause chemical change inside the battery and has electronic conductivity can be used without particular limitation.
- specific conductive materials include graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon-based materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, summer black, carbon fiber, and carbon nanotube; metal powders or metal fibers such as copper, nickel, aluminum, and silver; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; or conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives, and the like, and one of them alone or a mixture of two or more may be used.
- the conductive material may be typically included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the binder serves to improve adhesion between particles of the anode active material and adhesion between the anode active material and the anode current collector.
- specific binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, and carboxymethylcellulose.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 1 wt% to 30 wt%, preferably 1 wt% to 20 wt%, and more preferably 1 wt% to 10 wt%, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the electrode assembly further includes a separator, and the separator is disposed in the electrode assembly in a manner interposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- the separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ions to move, and can be used without particular limitation as long as it is used as a separator in a lithium battery.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer film made of polyolefin-based polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or the like
- a laminated structure of two or more layers of these may be used.
- conventional porous non-woven fabrics for example, non-woven fabrics made of high-melting glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, and the like may be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength.
- the battery is a battery case in which an electrode assembly and an electrolyte are housed together, and an appropriate battery case may be selected without particular limitation as long as it is commonly used in the art, such as a pouch type or a metal can type.
- electrolytes usable in lithium batteries such as organic liquid electrolytes, inorganic liquid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes, solid inorganic electrolytes, molten inorganic electrolytes, etc. can be used , the type is not particularly limited.
- the electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- the organic solvent includes ester-based solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone; ether solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran; ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone; aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene; Dimethylcarbonate (DMC), diethylcarbonate (DEC), methylethylcarbonate (MEC), ethylmethylcarbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, PC) and other carbonate-based solvents; alcohol solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; nitriles such as R-CN (R is a C2 to C20 straight-chain, branched or
- carbonate-based solvents are preferred, and cyclic carbonates (eg, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.) having high ion conductivity and high dielectric constant capable of increasing the charge and discharge performance of batteries, and low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compounds ( For example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate) is more preferable.
- cyclic carbonates eg, ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.
- low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compounds For example, a mixture of ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate is more preferable.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlO 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiCl, LiI, or LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 , and the like may be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used within the range of 0.1M to 5.0M, preferably 0.1M to 3,0M.
- concentration of the lithium salt is within the above range, the electrolyte has appropriate conductivity and viscosity, so excellent electrolyte performance can be exhibited, and lithium ions can move effectively.
- the electrolyte may further include an additive for the purpose of improving lifespan characteristics of a battery, suppressing a decrease in battery capacity, and improving a discharge capacity of a battery.
- the additives include haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate, pyridine, triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexamethyl phosphate tria Mead, nitrobenzene derivatives, sulfur, quinone imine dyes, N-substituted oxazolidinones, N,N-substituted imidazolidines, ethylene glycol dialkyl ethers, ammonium salts, pyrroles, 2-methoxy ethanol or aluminum trichloride alone Alternatively, it may be mixed and used, but is not limited thereto.
- the additive may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 10
- the positive electrode may include a loading reducing portion having a smaller loading amount of the positive electrode active material than an adjacent region.
- the cathode has such a structure, the section of the cathode active material portion may be increased without worrying about precipitation of lithium. Accordingly, the energy density of the electrode assembly may be improved.
- a method of using a current collector of an electrode as an electrode tab may be used instead of a method of attaching an electrode tab to an electrode.
- a portion in which the loading amount is reduced occurs at the boundary between the negative electrode active material portion coated with the negative electrode slurry and the negative electrode current collector.
- metallic lithium may be deposited in the positive electrode active material portion facing the portion where the loading amount is reduced.
- the N/P ratio is a value obtained by dividing the capacity of the negative electrode calculated considering the area and capacity per mass of the negative electrode by the capacity of the positive electrode obtained considering the area and capacity per mass of the positive electrode, and generally has a value of 1 or more. . That is, the capacity of the negative electrode is increased.
- the N/P ratio is less than 1, metallic lithium is likely to be precipitated during charging and discharging, which causes rapid deterioration in safety of the battery during high charging and discharging. In other words, the N/P ratio has a significant effect on the safety and capacity of the battery. Due to the risk of precipitation of metallic lithium as described above, the positive electrode active material portion cannot be located in the positive electrode portion facing the portion where the loading amount of the negative electrode is reduced. This causes the energy density of the battery to not increase. Accordingly, the present invention improved the energy density by increasing the section of the positive electrode active material part.
- FIG. 47 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the line AA′ of FIG. 47 .
- the electrode assembly 300 includes a cathode 400, an anode 500, and a separator 600.
- Separator 600 is located between the cathode 400 and the anode 500 .
- the negative electrode 400, the positive electrode 500, and the separator 600 are wound together to form a jelly roll structure 300S.
- the jelly roll structure 300S refers to a structure formed by winding the negative electrode 400, the positive electrode 500, and the separator 600.
- a separator 600 is additionally disposed on the outside to prevent the negative electrode 400 and the positive electrode 500 from contacting each other.
- the negative electrode 400 includes a negative electrode current collector 410 and a negative electrode active material portion 420 formed by coating a negative electrode active material on the negative electrode current collector 410 .
- an anode active material portion 420 may be formed by coating both sides of the anode current collector 410 .
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 of the negative electrode current collector 410 to which the negative electrode active material is not coated extends in the first direction d1.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 extends along one end of the wound negative electrode 400 .
- the cathode uncoated portion 430 extends beyond the separator 600 in the first direction d1. Accordingly, the cathode uncoated portion 430 may be exposed at one end of the jelly roll structure 300S in the first direction.
- the positive electrode 500 includes a positive electrode current collector 510 and a positive electrode active material portion 520 formed by coating a positive electrode active material on the positive electrode current collector 510 .
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 may be formed by coating both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 510 .
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 to which the positive electrode active material is not applied extends in the second direction d2.
- the anode uncoated portion 530 extends along one end of the anode 500 to be wound.
- the anode uncoated portion 530 extends beyond the separator 600 in the second direction d2. Accordingly, the anode uncoated portion 530 may be exposed at one end of the jelly roll structure 300S in the second direction.
- first direction d1 and the second direction d2 are directions opposite to each other.
- first direction (d1) and the second direction (d2) may be a direction parallel to the height direction of the jelly roll structure (300S).
- the electrode assembly 300 is not in the form of attaching a separate electrode tab, but the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 of the anode current collector 410 and the positive electrode uncoated portion 430 of the positive current collector 510 to reduce resistance.
- This is a form in which the unit 530 itself is used as an electrode tab.
- the cathode uncoated portion 430 and/or the anode uncoated portion 530 may have substantially the same structure as the electrode uncoated portion described above.
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 includes a loading reducing portion 500D having a smaller loading amount of the positive electrode active material than an adjacent area, and the loading decreasing portion 500D is in the first direction d1 of the positive electrode 500. ) is located at one end of In addition, more specifically, the loading reducing unit 500D may gradually decrease the loading amount of the cathode active material in the first direction d1.
- the loading amount means the application amount of the active material per unit area.
- the portion having a large loading amount may have a relatively thick thickness of the negative active material portion or the positive electrode active material portion because a large amount of negative active material or positive active material is applied to a unit area.
- a small amount of the negative electrode active material or the positive electrode active material is applied to a unit area, so that the thickness of the negative electrode active material portion or the positive electrode active material portion may be relatively thin.
- An active material portion may be formed by applying a slurry containing an active material. In this process, a boundary portion in which a loading amount gradually decreases may be formed between the uncoated portion and the active material portion.
- the negative electrode active material portion 420 may include a negative electrode boundary portion 420B forming a boundary between the negative electrode active material portion 420 and the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 .
- a loading amount of the negative electrode boundary portion 420B may decrease toward a direction in which the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 is located.
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 may include a positive electrode boundary portion 520B forming a boundary between the positive electrode active material portion 520 and the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 .
- a loading amount of the anode boundary portion 520B may decrease toward a direction in which the anode uncoated portion 530 is located.
- the negative electrode boundary portion 420B or the positive electrode boundary portion 520B in which the loading amount gradually decreases, is naturally generated in the process of applying the slurry containing the active material to the negative current collector 410 or the positive current collector 510.
- the amount of the positive electrode active material may be smaller than the amount of the negative electrode active material in a region corresponding to the positive boundary portion 520B based on a direction perpendicular to the second direction d2 . Since the N/P ratio has a value greater than 1, the problem of precipitation of metallic lithium does not occur.
- the problem is the area corresponding to the cathode boundary portion 420B.
- the amount of the negative electrode active material may be smaller than the amount of the positive electrode active material. This may cause a problem in that metal lithium is precipitated because the N/P ratio has a value smaller than 1.
- the loading reduction unit 500D is provided on the positive electrode 500, and the negative electrode active material unit 420 is located at a portion corresponding to the loading reduction unit 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1.
- the cathode boundary portion 420B may be located at a portion corresponding to the loading reducing portion 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1 .
- the area to which the cathode active material is coated can be increased without fear of lithium precipitation.
- the loading amount of the positive electrode active material increases as the loading decreasing portion 500D moves in the first direction d1. It may have a gradually decreasing form. Accordingly, it is possible to maintain a high N/P ratio between the negative electrode 400 and the positive electrode 500 in the region where the negative electrode boundary portion 420B is formed, thereby preventing lithium from being deposited.
- FIG. 41 and 42 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 41 is a plan view of the negative electrode sheet viewed from above, and FIG. 42 is a front view of the negative electrode sheet of FIG. 41 viewed from the front.
- the negative electrode active material portion 420 coated with the negative active material on the negative electrode current collector 410 and the negative electrode active material not coated A step of manufacturing the negative electrode sheet 400S such that the negative electrode uncoated portions 430 are alternately positioned.
- the negative electrode active material portion 420 may be formed by applying the negative electrode active material along the third direction d3 .
- the plurality of negative active material portions 420 may be positioned to be spaced apart along the fourth direction d4 by spaced apart application areas along the fourth direction d4 perpendicular to the third direction d3. That is, the coating process may be performed so that the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 is positioned between the plurality of negative electrode active material portions 420 .
- the third direction d3 and the fourth direction d4 are directions for description based on the negative electrode sheet 400S, and the first direction d1 and the second direction in the jelly roll structure 300S described above ( These are directions unrelated to d2).
- FIG. 43 is a perspective view showing a negative electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 and the negative electrode active material portion 420 have slits in a direction parallel to the third direction d3 , respectively. ting can be performed. Accordingly, several negative electrodes 400 as shown in FIG. 43 may be manufactured from the negative electrode sheet 400S. That is, the negative electrode 400 of FIG. 43 corresponds to one of several negative electrodes manufactured by slitting the negative electrode sheet 400S of FIGS. 41 and 42 .
- the negative electrode 400 in which the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 extends to one side may be manufactured by slitting the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 and the negative electrode active material portion 420 of the negative electrode sheet 400S, respectively.
- a slurry containing the negative electrode active material may be applied on the negative electrode current collector 410.
- a cathode boundary portion 420B may be formed at the boundary, the loading amount of which decreases toward the direction in which the cathode uncoated portion 430 is located.
- FIG. 44 and 45 are diagrams illustrating a process of manufacturing an anode according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 44 is a plan view of the cathode sheet viewed from above, and FIG. 45 is a front view of the cathode sheet of FIG. 44 viewed from the front.
- the positive electrode active material portion 520 coated with the positive electrode active material on the positive electrode current collector 510 and the positive electrode active material not coated A step of manufacturing the positive electrode sheet 500S such that the positive electrode uncoated portions 530 are alternately positioned.
- the cathode active material portion 520 may be formed by applying the cathode active material along the third direction d3.
- the plurality of positive electrode active material parts 520 may be spaced apart by adjusting the coating interval along the fourth direction d4 perpendicular to the third direction d3. That is, the coating process may be performed so that the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 is positioned between the plurality of positive electrode active material portions 520 .
- the third direction d3 and the fourth direction d4 are directions for description based on the positive electrode sheet 500S, and the first direction d1 and the second direction in the jelly roll structure 300S described above ( These are directions unrelated to d2).
- FIG. 46 is a perspective view showing an anode 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 and the positive electrode active material portion 520 each have slits in a direction parallel to the third direction d3. ting can be performed. Accordingly, several positive electrodes 500 as shown in FIG. 46 may be manufactured from the positive electrode sheet 500S. That is, the positive electrode 500 of FIG. 46 corresponds to one of several positive electrodes manufactured by slitting the positive electrode sheet 500S of FIGS. 44 and 45 .
- the positive electrode 500 in which the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 extends to one side may be manufactured by slitting the positive electrode uncoated portion 530 and the positive electrode active material portion 520 of the positive electrode sheet 500S, respectively.
- a slurry containing the positive electrode active material may be applied on the positive electrode current collector 510.
- An anode boundary portion 520B may be formed at the boundary, the loading amount of which decreases toward the direction where the anode uncoated portion 530 is located.
- a step of forming a jelly roll structure 300S by winding the prepared negative electrode 400 and the positive electrode 500 together with the separator 600 may be followed.
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 430 extends beyond the separator 600 in a first direction d1
- the anode uncoated portion 530 extends in a second direction opposite to the first direction d1. (d2) may extend beyond the separation membrane 600.
- the cathode sheet 500S has a loading reduction region 500DA with a smaller loading amount of the cathode active material than an adjacent region.
- the method of forming the loading reduction area 500DA and for example, it may be formed by adjusting the degree of application of the slurry.
- the loading reduction region 500DA of the cathode active material portion 520 is slit.
- the slitted loading reducing region 500DA forms a loading reducing portion 500D in which the loading amount of the positive electrode active material is smaller than that of adjacent regions in the jelly roll structure 300S shown in FIGS. 39 and 40 .
- a loading reduction area 500DA having a smaller loading amount of the cathode active material than an area adjacent to the cathode active material portion 520 formed on the cathode sheet 500S is formed.
- the loading reduction area 500DA may be formed in the center of the positive electrode active material portion 520 .
- the loading reduction area 500DA may be configured such that the loading amount of the positive electrode active material gradually decreases toward the central portion 500C of the loading reduction area 500DA.
- the loading reduction area By slitting the central portion 500C of the 500DA, the loading reducing portion 500D according to the present embodiment may be provided.
- the loading reduction area 500DA is formed and the central portion 500C of the loading reduction area 500DA is slit.
- a loading reducing portion 500D may be provided at one end of the manufactured anode 500, and an anode uncoated portion 530 may be provided at the other end of the anode 500 opposite to the one end. can be provided.
- the loading reducing portion 500D is at one end of the positive electrode 500 in the first direction d1.
- the anode uncoated portion 530 may be located at one end of the anode 500 in the second direction d2.
- the loading amount of the positive electrode active material in the loading reduction area 500D may gradually decrease in the first direction d1.
- the negative active material portion 420 may be located at a portion corresponding to the loading reducing portion 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1. More specifically, in the jelly roll structure 300S, the cathode boundary portion 420B may be located at a portion corresponding to the loading reducing portion 500D based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1.
- the corresponding positional relationship between the loading reducing unit 500D and the cathode boundary unit 420B is omitted because it overlaps with the previously described content.
- an electrode assembly according to a comparative example of the present invention will be described, and advantages of the electrode assembly according to this embodiment compared to the electrode assembly according to a comparative example will be described.
- 47 is a view showing an electrode assembly according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- 48 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the cutting line BB′ of FIG. 47;
- the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example of the present invention includes a negative electrode 700, a positive electrode 800, and a separator 900, and includes a negative electrode 700 and a positive electrode 800. And the separator 900 is wound to form a jelly roll structure 600S.
- the negative electrode 700 may include an anode current collector 710 , an anode active material portion 720 and an anode uncoated portion 730 .
- the negative electrode uncoated portion 730 may extend in the first direction d1
- the negative electrode active material portion 720 forms a boundary between the negative electrode active material portion 720 and the negative electrode uncoated portion 730, and the loading amount gradually increases.
- a decreasing cathode boundary 720B may be included.
- 49 is a view showing a process of manufacturing an anode 700 according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- the negative electrode sheet 700S is manufactured so that the negative electrode active material portion 720 and the negative electrode uncoated portion 730 are alternately positioned along the fourth direction d4, the negative electrode uncoated portion 730 and the negative electrode active material
- a plurality of negative electrodes 700 may be manufactured by slitting the portion 720 .
- the positive electrode 800 may include a positive electrode current collector 810 , a positive electrode active material portion 820 and a positive electrode uncoated portion 880 .
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 830 may extend in the second direction d2 opposite to the first direction d1, and the positive active material portion 820 includes the positive electrode active material portion 820 and the positive electrode uncoated portion 830. ) and may include an anode boundary portion 820B in which a loading amount gradually decreases.
- 50 is a view showing a process of manufacturing a positive electrode 800 according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- the positive electrode uncoated portion 830 and the positive electrode active material A plurality of anodes 800 may be manufactured by slitting the portion 820 .
- the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example of the present invention may be manufactured by winding the manufactured negative electrode 700 and the positive electrode 800 together with the separator 900 .
- the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example of the present invention may have a structure similar to the electrode assembly 300 according to the present embodiment except for the loading reducing part 500D (see FIG. 48 ).
- the positive electrode active material portion ( 820) cannot be located. If the positive electrode active material portion 820 extends to a portion corresponding to the negative electrode boundary portion 720B, the corresponding portion is a portion showing a low N/P ratio value, and metal lithium is highly likely to be deposited. Therefore, in order to prevent lithium precipitation, the length of the positive electrode active material portion 820 has to be limited. That is, the positive electrode active material portion 820 may be formed only in the area B1 as shown, and the positive active material portion 820 may not be formed in the area B2. This results in reducing the length of the positive electrode active material portion 820 due to the negative electrode boundary portion 720B.
- the positive electrode active material is disposed at a portion corresponding to the negative electrode boundary portion 420B based on a direction perpendicular to the first direction d1.
- a section 520 in particular a loading reduction section 500D, may be located. Since the loading reducing portion 500D having a smaller loading amount of the positive electrode active material than the adjacent area is provided at a position corresponding to the negative electrode boundary portion 420B, the N/P ratio in the corresponding portion can be maintained high and precipitation of lithium can be prevented. there is.
- the cathode active material portion 520 may be formed as much as the area A1 and the area A2 in which the cathode active material portion 520 cannot be formed may be reduced.
- the width of the positive electrode 500 in the height direction compared to the width of the negative electrode 400 in the height direction may be increased to 98% or more.
- the electrode assembly 300 according to the present embodiment can increase the length of the positive electrode active material part by the amount of the loading reduction part 500D. It may have a higher energy density in a limited space than the electrode assembly 600 according to the comparative example.
- the present invention is a jelly roll type electrode assembly having a structure in which a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode are wound in one direction, and a cylindrical battery housing in which the electrode assembly is accommodated; and a cap plate disposed above the battery housing to seal the battery housing.
- the positive electrode according to the present invention includes single-particle active material particles having an average particle diameter D 50 of 5 ⁇ m or less as a positive electrode active material.
- the cylindrical battery may further include an electrolyte solution, and the above description may be referred to for the electrolyte solution.
- the electrode assembly may have a structure of a stack type, a stack/folding type, or a jelly roll type as described above.
- the electrode assembly may have a positive electrode having a loading reducing portion as described above.
- the amount of heat and gas generated inside the battery also increases. This is because the temperature and pressure inside the battery increase due to such heat and gas, which can cause the battery to ignite or explode. In order to prevent this, heat and gas inside the battery must be properly discharged to the outside, and for this, the cross-sectional area of the battery, which serves as a passage for discharging heat to the outside of the battery, must increase to match the increase in volume.
- the increase in cross-sectional area does not reach the increase in volume, as the size of the battery increases, the amount of heat generated inside the battery increases, resulting in problems such as increased risk of explosion and reduced output.
- the present invention proposes a cylindrical battery having a high safety while having a large volume so as to realize a high capacity.
- the high-loading electrode to which the single-particle or quasi-single-particle type cathode active material is applied may be applied to a cylindrical battery, initial resistance characteristics and charge/discharge efficiency of the cylindrical battery may be improved.
- the cylindrical battery according to the present invention significantly reduces the amount of gas generated compared to the prior art by applying a single-particle or quasi-single-particle type cathode active material, and thus realizes excellent safety even in a large-sized cylindrical battery having a form factor ratio of 0.4 or more.
- the cylindrical battery according to the present invention may preferably be a battery having a tab-less structure that does not include an electrode tab, but is not limited thereto.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode each include a non-coated portion on which an active material layer is not formed, the positive electrode uncoated portion and the negative electrode uncoated portion are located at the top and bottom of the electrode assembly, respectively, and the positive electrode uncoated portion and a structure in which a current collector plate is coupled to the negative electrode uncoated portion, and the current collector plate is connected to an electrode terminal.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing in N-methylpyrrolidone, and then the positive electrode slurry was coated on one surface of an aluminum current collector sheet, dried at 120° C., and rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- conductive material super C
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- a jelly-roll type electrode assembly was prepared by stacking in the order of separator/anode/separator/cathode with a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared as described above, and then winding them.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured by inserting the electrode assembly prepared as described above into a cylindrical battery housing and then injecting an electrolyte solution.
- a positive electrode active material As a positive electrode active material, it has a bimodal particle size distribution with a large average particle size D 50 of 9 ⁇ m and a small average particle size D 50 of 4 ⁇ m, and Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.04 Al 0.01 ]O 2 in the form of secondary particles.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the fact that it was used.
- each of the 4680 cells manufactured by Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was placed in a hot box chamber at room temperature, heated up to 130° C. at a heating rate of 5° C./min, and maintained for 30 minutes. Shiki performed a hot box evaluation and measured the temperature change of the battery over time. For accurate evaluation, two hot box evaluations were performed on the cell of Example 1. Measurement results are shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 .
- FIG. 31 is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured in Example 1
- FIG. 32 is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured in Comparative Example 1.
- a cathode active material carbon nanotube: PVDF binder was mixed in N-methylpyrrolidone at a weight ratio of 97.8:0.6:1.6 to prepare a cathode slurry.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to one surface of an aluminum current collector sheet, dried at 120° C., and then rolled to prepare a positive electrode.
- conductive material Super C: styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) : carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) mixed in water at a weight ratio of 96 : 2 : 1.5 : 0.5
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- a jelly-roll type electrode assembly was prepared by stacking in the order of separator/anode/separator/cathode with a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode prepared as described above, and then winding them.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured by inserting the electrode assembly prepared as described above into a battery housing and then injecting an electrolyte solution.
- the positive electrode active material has a bimodal particle size distribution with an average large particle size D 50 of 9 ⁇ m and a small average particle size D 50 of 4 ⁇ m, and a positive electrode active material in the form of secondary particles (composition: Li[Ni 0.9 Co 0.05 Mn 0.04 Al A 4680 cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that 0.01 ]O 2 ) was used.
- each of the 4680 cells manufactured by Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1 was placed in a hot box chamber at room temperature, and the temperature was raised to 130 ° C. at a heating rate of 5 ° C./min, After maintaining for 30 minutes, the temperature change of the battery was measured. A case in which thermal runaway and ignition did not occur during the test was marked as Pass, and a case in which thermal runaway and/or ignition occurred was marked as Fail. Also, for the accuracy of the test, the test was performed twice or more for the cells of Examples 2-1 to 2-2.
- FIG. 33 is a graph showing hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Sample 1 of Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-1
- FIG. 34 is a graph showing Samples 2 and 3 of Example 2-1 and Example 2 It is a graph showing the hot box test results of 4680 cells manufactured by Samples 1 and 2 of -2 and Comparative Example 2-2.
- Example 2-1 One 16 139 Pass 2 20.9 141 Pass 3 23.7 137 Pass Example 2-2 One 16.0 148 Pass 2 15.8 147 Pass Comparative Example 2-1 One 17 not measurable Fail Comparative Example 2-2 One 16.2 not measurable Fail
- the battery is 4680 of Comparative Example 2-1 in which secondary particles were applied as the cathode active material and Comparative Example 2-2 in which the cathode active material in the form of a single particle/similar-single particle having a Dmin of less than 1.0 ⁇ m was applied while the voltage and temperature were maintained stably.
- the cell can confirm that the battery temperature has risen rapidly.
- FIG. 35 shows a cross-sectional SEM image of the positive electrode prepared in Example 2-1
- FIG. 36 shows a cross-sectional SEM image of the positive electrode prepared in Comparative Example 2-1.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to one surface of an aluminum current collector sheet, dried, and rolled at a line pressure of 3.0 ton/cm to prepare a positive electrode.
- the porosity of the cathode active material layer of the cathode prepared as described above was measured, and the porosity was measured to be 17.5%.
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the positive electrode active material, flaky graphite, conductive material, and binder were mixed in a weight ratio of 97.2: 0.6: 0.4: 1.8, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. did The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 19%.
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the positive electrode active material, flaky graphite, conductive material, and binder were mixed in a weight ratio of 97.4: 0.4: 0.4: 1.8, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. did The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 20%.
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1, except that the positive electrode active material, flaky graphite, conductive material, and binder were mixed in a weight ratio of 97.6: 0.2: 0.4: 1.8, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. did The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 21%.
- Example 3-1 Except for the fact that a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing the positive electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder in N-methylpyrrolidone at a weight ratio of 97.8: 0.4: 1.8 without adding flaky graphite, the same as in Example 3-1 A positive electrode was prepared in the same manner, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 24%.
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared by mixing a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder in N-methylpyrrolidone at a weight ratio of 97.8: 0.4: 1.8 without adding flaky graphite, and rolling at a linear pressure of 2.0 ton/cm
- a positive electrode was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3-1 except for, and the porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured. The porosity of the positive electrode active material layer was measured to be 30%.
- Coin half cells including positive electrodes according to Examples 3-1 to 3-4 and Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2 were prepared, charged up to 4.25V under a 0.2C current condition, and then 2.5V under a 0.2C current condition. After discharging to V, the charge capacity (mAh/g) and discharge capacity (mAh/g) of each coin half cell were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.
- Example 3-1 1.5 17.5 230.3 209.3 90.9
- Example 3-2 0.6 19 229.4 206.9 90.2
- Example 3-3 0.4 20 230.4 207.3 90.0
- Example 3-4 0.2 21 229.1 205.5 89.7 Comparative Example 3-1 0 24 229.1 204.2 89.1 Comparative Example 3-2 0 30 225.4 199.7 88.6
- Examples 3-1 to 3-4 using the positive electrode to which flaky graphite was added showed lower porosity and excellent capacity characteristics than Comparative Examples 3-1 to 3-2 can confirm.
- Example 3-3 in which flaky graphite was added to the positive electrode active material layer, based on SOC10%, was lower than that of Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2, which did not contain flaky graphite. You can check. This shows that when flaky graphite is added to the positive electrode active material layer, resistance characteristics at a low SOC are improved.
- Example 3-1, Example 3-3, and Comparative Example 3-1, with a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, laminated in the order of separator/anode/separator/cathode, and then wound up to form a jelly-roll type electrode assembly was manufactured.
- a 4680 cell was manufactured by inserting the electrode assembly prepared as described above into a cylindrical battery housing and then injecting an electrolyte solution.
- conductive material super C
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- the positive electrode as described above may be the first electrode, and the negative electrode may be the second electrode.
- the anode may be the second electrode and the cathode may be the first electrode.
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Abstract
Description
| 샘플 # | Venting 시간(분) | 최대 온도(℃) | 핫 박스 테스트 결과 | |
| 실시예 2-1 | 1 | 16 | 139 | Pass |
| 2 | 20.9 | 141 | Pass | |
| 3 | 23.7 | 137 | Pass | |
| 실시예 2-2 | 1 | 16.0 | 148 | Pass |
| 2 | 15.8 | 147 | Pass | |
| 비교예 2-1 | 1 | 17 | 측정 불가 | Fail |
| 비교예 2-2 | 1 | 16.2 | 측정 불가 | Fail |
| 인편상 흑연 첨가량(wt%) | 공극률(%) | 충전용량 (mAh/g) |
방전용량 (mAh/g) |
효율(%) | |
| 실시예 3-1 | 1.5 | 17.5 | 230.3 | 209.3 | 90.9 |
| 실시예 3-2 | 0.6 | 19 | 229.4 | 206.9 | 90.2 |
| 실시예 3-3 | 0.4 | 20 | 230.4 | 207.3 | 90.0 |
| 실시예 3-4 | 0.2 | 21 | 229.1 | 205.5 | 89.7 |
| 비교예 3-1 | 0 | 24 | 229.1 | 204.2 | 89.1 |
| 비교예 3-2 | 0 | 30 | 225.4 | 199.7 | 88.6 |
Claims (29)
- 제1 무지부 및 제1 유지부를 구비하는 제1 전극, 제2 무지부 및 제2 유지부를 구비하는 제2 전극 및 상기 제1 전극과 상기 제2 전극 사이에 개재되는 분리막을 포함하는 전극 조립체;일 측에 형성되는 개방부를 통해 상기 전극 조립체를 수용하며 상기 전극 조립체와 전기적으로 연결되는 배터리 하우징;상기 개방부의 반대편에 위치하는 상기 배터리 하우징의 폐쇄부를 관통하며 상기 전극 조립체와 전기적으로 연결되는 배터리 단자; 및상기 개방부를 커버하도록 구성되는 캡 플레이트;를 포함하며,상기 제1 전극은,상기 제1 무지부의 적어도 일부 및 상기 제1 유지부의 적어도 일부를 동시에 커버하도록 구성되는 적어도 하나의 절연층을 포함하고,상기 제1 무지부의 적어도 일부는 그 자체로서 전극 탭으로서 사용되는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 단자는, 제1 극성을 갖는 상기 제1 무지부와 전기적으로 연결되며,상기 배터리 하우징은, 상기 제1 극성과 반대인 제2 극성을 갖는 상기 제2 무지부와 전기적으로 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 단자는,상기 배터리 하우징의 외측으로 연장되는 단자 노출부; 및상기 배터리 하우징의 상기 폐쇄부를 관통하는 단자 삽입부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 원통형 배터리는,상기 배터리 하우징과 상기 배터리 단자 사이에 개재되어 상기 배터리 단자와 배터리 하우징을 절연시키는 절연 가스켓을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 절연 가스켓은,상기 배터리 하우징의 외측으로 연장되는 가스켓 노출부; 및상기 배터리 하우징의 상면을 관통하는 가스켓 삽입부;를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배터리 단자는,상기 배터리 하우징의 내측 면 상에 리벳 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 캡 플레이트는,상기 전극 조립체와 절연되며 극성을 갖지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 절연층은,상기 제1 전극의 양 면에 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 절연층의 권취 축 방향 일 단부는,상기 분리막의 귄취 축 방향 일 단부와 동일한 높이 또는 일 단부의 외측에 위치되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 절연층의 권취 축 방향 일 단부는,상기 분리막의 귄취 축 방향 일 단부와 동일 높이에 위치되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 무지부는,상기 절연층의 외측으로 더 돌출되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 유지부는,상기 분리막보다 권취 축 방향으로 더 돌출되어 있지 않은 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 전극은,양극인 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 분리막을 사이에 두고 상기 절연층과 마주보는 상기 제2 전극의 일 단부는,상기 분리막의 일 단부보다 외측으로 돌출되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 유지부는,상기 제1 유지부의 중앙 영역에 비해 활물질층의 두께가 감소되어 있는 슬라이딩부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 슬라이딩부는,상기 제1 유지부와 상기 제1 무지부의 경계 영역에 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 슬라이딩부는,상기 제1 전극의 일 단부 및 상기 제2 전극의 타 단부에 각각 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 제1 전극에 구비된 상기 제1 유지부의 슬라이딩부와, 상기 제2 전극에 구비된 상기 제2 유지부의 슬라이딩부는, 서로 반대 방향에 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 분리막은,상기 제1 전극의 타 단부 및 상기 제2 전극의 일 단부보다 외측으로 돌출되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 절연층은,상기 슬라이딩부의 적어도 일부를 커버하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 전극의 활물질층은, 단입자, 유사-단입자 또는 이들의 조합을 포함하는 양극 활물질을 포함하고,상기 양극 활물질의 체적 누적 분포에서 나타나는 최소 입자 크기인 Dmin은 1.0㎛ 이상이고,상기 양극 활물질의 체적 누적 분포에서 체적 누적량이 50%일 때의 입자 크기인 D50이 5.0㎛ 이하이고상기 양극 활물질의 체적 누적 분포에서 나타나는 최대 입자 크기인 Dmax가 12㎛ 내지 17㎛인, 원통형 배터리.
- 제21항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 체적 누적 입도 분포 그래프에서 단일 피크(single peak)를 나타내는 유니모달 입도 분포를 가지며, 하기 식으로 표시되는 입도 분포(PSD, Particle Size Distribution)가 3 이하인,입도 분포(PSD) = (Dmax - Dmin)/D50원통형 배터리.
- 제21항에 있어서,상기 단입자, 유사-단입자 또는 이들의 조합은 상기 제1 전극의 활물질층에 포함된 양극 활물질의 전체 중량을 기준으로 95wt% 내지 100wt%의 양으로 포함된, 원통형 배터리.
- 제21항에 있어서,상기 양극 활물질은 전이금속 전체 몰수를 기준으로 Ni을 80몰% 이상으로 포함하는 리튬 니켈계 산화물을 포함하는, 원통형 배터리.
- 제21항에 있어서,상기 제1 전극의 활물질층은 공극율이 15% 내지 23%이고,상기 제1 전극의 활물질층은 0.05wt% 내지 5wt%의 중량 비율로 인편상 흑연을 포함하는, 원통형 배터리.
- 제21항에 있어서,상기 제1 전극의 활물질층은 탄소나노튜브를 더 포함하는, 원통형 배터리.
- 제21항에 있어서,상기 제2 전극의 활물질층은, 실리콘계 음극 활물질 및 탄소계 음극 활물질을 포함하고,상기 실리콘계 음극 활물질 및 탄소계 음극 활물질은 1 : 99 내지 20 : 80의 중량비로 포함되는, 원통형 배터리.
- 제1항 내지 제27항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 원통형 배터리; 및복수의 상기 원통형 배터리를 수용하는 팩 하우징;을 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제28항에 따른 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차.
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| EP22884114.4A EP4376139A4 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | CYLINDRICAL SECONDARY BATTERY, AND BATTERY PACK AND VEHICLE COMPRISING SAME |
| JP2023542622A JP7741884B2 (ja) | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | 円筒形バッテリー、それを含むバッテリーパック及び自動車 |
| CA3235542A CA3235542A1 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | Cylindrical battery, and battery pack and vehicle including the same |
| US18/697,817 US20240413445A1 (en) | 2021-10-22 | 2022-10-21 | Cylindrical battery, and battery pack and vehicle including the same |
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| CN116014261A (zh) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-04-25 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | 圆筒形电池、包括该圆筒形电池的电池组及汽车 |
| CN119009395B (zh) * | 2023-05-22 | 2025-10-31 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 极片及其制备方法、电池单体、电池、用电装置 |
| WO2025135881A1 (ko) * | 2023-12-22 | 2025-06-26 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 원통형 리튬 이차 전지 |
| KR20250170434A (ko) * | 2024-05-28 | 2025-12-05 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
| FR3163777A1 (fr) * | 2024-06-19 | 2025-12-26 | Verkor | Cellule cylindrique pour batterie électrique et son procédé de fabrication |
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| CN116014261A (zh) | 2023-04-25 |
| JP7741884B2 (ja) | 2025-09-18 |
| CA3235542A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
| EP4376139A1 (en) | 2024-05-29 |
| JP2024503460A (ja) | 2024-01-25 |
| US20240413445A1 (en) | 2024-12-12 |
| KR20230058295A (ko) | 2023-05-03 |
| EP4376139A4 (en) | 2025-07-09 |
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| CN219350328U (zh) | 2023-07-14 |
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