WO2023070604A1 - 极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备 - Google Patents

极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023070604A1
WO2023070604A1 PCT/CN2021/127726 CN2021127726W WO2023070604A1 WO 2023070604 A1 WO2023070604 A1 WO 2023070604A1 CN 2021127726 W CN2021127726 W CN 2021127726W WO 2023070604 A1 WO2023070604 A1 WO 2023070604A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
fusion
welding
fusion portion
conductive member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/127726
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈从胜
林文法
温耀铃
林江
唐鸣浩
林嘉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2021/127726 priority Critical patent/WO2023070604A1/zh
Priority to JP2023554039A priority patent/JP7652920B2/ja
Priority to CN202180094427.0A priority patent/CN116868437A/zh
Priority to EP21961956.6A priority patent/EP4293811A4/en
Priority to KR1020237030376A priority patent/KR20230144578A/ko
Publication of WO2023070604A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023070604A1/zh
Priority to US18/464,945 priority patent/US20230420812A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H01M50/566—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to a tab welding structure, a battery cell and electrical equipment.
  • the tabs are welded to conductive parts (current collecting members, electrode terminals, etc.), so as to output the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • conductive parts current collecting members, electrode terminals, etc.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a tab welding structure, a battery cell, and electrical equipment, which can effectively improve the firmness of the tabs and conductive parts after welding.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a tab welding structure, including: a tab formed by stacking multilayer sheets along a first direction; a conductive member, the conductive member is welded with the tab to form a fusion zone;
  • the fusion zone includes: a first fusion portion extending from the tab into the conductive member along the first direction; a second fusion portion bordering the first fusion portion, and the first fusion portion
  • Two fusion parts are located on the side of the first fusion part, and the second fusion part is configured to connect the first fusion part and the tab.
  • the second fusion part is located on the side of the first fusion part, and the second fusion part plays the role of connecting the first fusion part and the tab, which is equivalent to the fusion of the first fusion part and the tab through the second fusion part.
  • the fusion depth of the second fusion portion is smaller than the fusion depth of the first fusion portion.
  • the fusion depth of the second fusion portion is smaller than the fusion depth of the first fusion portion, so that the dimension of the first fusion portion in the first direction is relatively long, and the dimension of the second fusion portion in the second direction is relatively small. short.
  • the size of the first fusion part in the first direction is relatively long, and the depth of the fusion zone is relatively large, so as to ensure the firmness of the tab and the conductive part after welding.
  • the size of the second fusion part in the first direction is relatively short, and the second fusion part plays a good role in connecting the first fusion part and the tab, reducing the risk of cracking at the welding position of the tab.
  • the second fusion portion in the first direction, does not exceed the tab along the direction in which the tab faces the conductive member.
  • the second fusion part does not exceed the tab along the direction in which the tab faces the conductive part, so that the second fusion part does not extend into the conductive part, reducing the risk of the second fusion part and the contact between the second fusion part being too deep. Risk of cracking between tabs.
  • the welding temperature at which the conductive member is welded to the tab to form the second fusion portion is lower than the welding temperature at which the conductive member is welded to the tab to form the first fusion portion.
  • the welding temperature for forming the second fusion part is lower than the welding temperature for forming the first fusion part, so that the depth of the first fusion part can be greater than the depth of the second fusion part, and the depth of the fusion zone is larger, ensuring that the lug and The firmness of conductive parts after welding. Since the welding temperature for forming the second fusion part is relatively low, the tab is not easy to expand and deform during the process of forming the second fusion part, which reduces the risk of cracking at the connection position between the second fusion part and the tab.
  • the second fusion portion is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first fusion portion, and the second fusion portion extends along the circumferential direction of the first fusion portion.
  • the second fusion part is located on the outer peripheral side of the first fusion part, and extends along the circumferential direction of the first fusion part, and the tabs are not easy to crack in multiple directions of the first fusion part, improving the quality of the tabs. Firmness after welding with conductive parts.
  • the tab in the first direction, is stacked with the conductive member, and the first fusion portion penetrates the tab and partially extends into the conductive member.
  • the tab and the conductive member are stacked in the first direction, and the first fusion portion penetrates the tab and partially extends into the conductive member, so that the tab and the conductive member have good firmness after welding.
  • the tabs and the conductive parts can be welded by penetration welding to form the first fusion part and the second fusion part, reducing welding difficulty.
  • At least one side of the first fusion portion is provided with the second fusion portion; wherein, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • At least one side of the first fusion portion in the second direction is provided with a second fusion portion, and the second fusion portion connects the first fusion portion to one or both sides of the first fusion portion in the second direction.
  • the role of the fusion part and the lug simplifies the welding process and improves the welding efficiency.
  • the conductive member includes: a body portion having an abutment surface; a convex portion protruding from the abutment surface; the tab abuts against the abutment surface along the first direction , in a second direction, a welding seam is formed between the tab and the protrusion, the fusion zone is formed in the welding seam, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the tab abuts against the abutting surface of the main body, a welding seam is formed between the tab and the convex part, and a fusion zone is formed in the welding seam, so as to realize the seam welding between the tab and the conductive member. Since the fusion zone is formed at the welding seam between the welding tab and the protrusion, the tab is less affected by heat during welding, which reduces the risk of cracking at the connection position between the second fusion portion and the tab.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including the tab welding structure provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the tab, and the electrode terminal is the conductive member.
  • the battery cell includes: an electrode terminal; a current collecting member for connecting the electrode terminal and the tab so as to realize the electrical connection between the electrode terminal and the tab, and the collector
  • the flow member is the electrical conductor.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including: the battery cell provided in any one of the above embodiments; and a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for welding tabs: providing an electrode assembly with tabs, the tabs are formed by stacking multi-layer sheets along the first direction; providing conductive parts; Welding with the conductive part to form a fusion zone; wherein the fusion zone includes: a first fusion part extending from the tab into the conductive part along the first direction; a second fusion part with The first fusion parts are separated from each other, the second fusion part is located at a side of the first fusion part, and the second fusion part is configured to connect the first fusion part and the tab.
  • the welding the tab and the conductive part to form a fusion zone includes: performing main welding on the tab and the conductive part to form the first fusion part; An auxiliary welding is performed between the tab and the conductive member to form the second fusion portion; wherein, the welding temperature of the auxiliary welding is lower than that of the main welding.
  • the welding temperature for the main welding of the tab and the conductive part is relatively high, so that the depth of the first fusion part is relatively deep, ensuring the firmness of the tab and the conductive part after welding.
  • the welding temperature for the auxiliary welding of the tab and the conductive part is relatively low.
  • the auxiliary welding of the conductive member and the tab includes: welding the tab and the conductive member multiple times from the inside to the outside along the circumferential direction to form the Second fusion.
  • the welding temperature of each circle decreases step by step from the inside to the outside.
  • the welding temperature of each circle decreases step by step from the inside to the outside, and the thermal influence of each circle welding on the tab is gradually reduced from the inside to the outside, further reducing the cracking at the connection position between the second fusion part and the tab risks of.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a tab welding device, including: a first providing device for providing an electrode assembly with a tab, and the tab is formed by stacking multi-layer sheets along the first direction
  • the first providing device is used to provide the conductive part;
  • the welding device is used to weld the tab with the conductive part, so that the tab and the conductive part form a fusion zone; wherein, the fusion zone It includes: a first fusion part extending from the tab into the conductive part along the first direction; a second fusion part bordering the first fusion part, and the second fusion part is located in the The side part of the first fusion part, the second fusion part is configured to connect the first fusion part and the tab.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tab welding structure provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a top view of the lug welding structure shown in Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a tab welding structure provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a top view of the tab welding structure shown in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a welding structure diagram of tabs and electrode terminals of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a welding structure diagram of tabs and electrode terminals of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a flow chart of a welding method for tabs provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a flow chart of a tab welding method provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram of the welding trajectory of the conductive member and the tab provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a tab welding device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 10-box; 11-first part; 12-second part; 20-battery unit; 21-housing; 22-electrode assembly; 23-end cover; 231-electrode terminal; 24-pressure relief mechanism; 25-lug welding structure; 251-conductive parts; 2511-body part; 2511a-contact surface; 2512-convex part; 2513-welding seam; 2532-Second Fusion Unit; 100-Battery; 200-Controller; 300-Motor; 1000-Vehicle; 2000-Welding Equipment; Auxiliary welding trajectory; B-main welding trajectory; Z-first direction; X-second direction.
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly is composed of a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode collector without the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer. Fluid, the positive electrode current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer is used as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode collector without the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer. Fluid, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer is used as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the number of positive pole tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative pole tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film may be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the electrode assembly may be a wound structure or a laminated structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the tabs are generally welded with conductive parts (current collecting members, electrode terminals, etc.), so as to output the electric energy of the battery cell.
  • the fusion portion formed by welding the tab and the conductive element needs to have a sufficient depth.
  • the deeper the fusion zone is the higher the heat received by the tabs will be during welding.
  • the tabs are formed by stacking multi-layer sheets, the higher the temperature received by the tabs, the easier it is to expand and deform, resulting in the fusion of the tabs and Cracks appear at the position where the parts are connected, and the conductive parts and the tabs are prone to fall off after the tabs are welded to the conductive parts, which affects the service life of the battery cells.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a lug welding structure.
  • the tab is welded to the conductive member to form a fusion zone.
  • the fusion zone includes a first fusion portion and a second fusion portion that are bounded by each other.
  • the first fusion portion moves along the first direction from The tab extends into the conductive member, the second fusion portion and the first fusion portion are bounded by each other, the second fusion portion is located at a side of the first fusion portion, and the second fusion portion is configured to connect the first fusion portion and the tab.
  • the second fusion part plays the role of connecting the first fusion part and the tab, which means that the first fusion part and the tab are fused together through the second fusion part, reducing the direct connection between the tab and the tab.
  • the risk of cracking caused by the connection of the first fusion part improves the firmness after welding the tab and the conductive part, and improves the service life of the battery cell.
  • the fusion zone formed by welding the tab and the conductive element includes the first fusion portion and the second fusion portion, the flow area between the conductive element and the tab is increased.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and running the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 instead of or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a box body 10 and a battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is used to accommodate the battery cell 20 .
  • the box body 10 is a component for accommodating the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 provides an accommodation space for the battery cell 20 , and the box body 10 may adopt various structures.
  • the box body 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12 , and the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other to define an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be in various shapes, such as cuboid, cylinder and so on.
  • the first part 11 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second part 12 can also be a hollow structure with one side open.
  • the open side of the second part 12 is covered with the open side of the first part 11 to form a box with accommodating space.
  • first part 11 is a hollow structure with one side open
  • second part 12 is a plate-like structure
  • the second part 12 covers the open side of the first part 11 to form a box body 10 with a receiving space.
  • the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be sealed by a sealing element, and the sealing element can be a sealing ring, a sealant, or the like.
  • the battery 100 there may be one or a plurality of battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules may be connected in series or in parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in the box 10 . It is also possible that all the battery cells 20 are directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then all the battery cells 20 are housed in the case 10 as a whole.
  • the battery 100 may further include a confluence component, through which the plurality of battery cells 20 may be electrically connected, so as to realize series connection, parallel connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells 20 .
  • the bus component may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell 20 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap 23 and a conductive member 251 .
  • the casing 21 is a component for accommodating the electrode assembly 22, and the casing 21 may be a hollow structure with an opening formed at one end.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid and so on.
  • the housing 21 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy and so on.
  • Electrodes assemblies 22 there may be one or more electrode assemblies 22 in the housing 21 .
  • there are a plurality of electrode assemblies 22 there are a plurality of electrode assemblies 22 , and the plurality of electrode assemblies 22 are stacked.
  • the electrode assembly 22 is a part where electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may be a coiled structure formed by winding a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece, or a laminated structure formed by stacking a positive pole piece, a separator and a negative pole piece.
  • the positive electrode sheet may include a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the positive electrode collector.
  • the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on opposite sides of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the electrode assembly 22 has a tab 252.
  • the tab 252 is divided into a positive tab 252 and a negative tab 252.
  • the positive tab 252 can be a part of the positive pole piece that is not coated with a positive active material layer, and the negative tab 252 can be a negative tab. The portion of the sheet not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the end cap 23 is a component that covers the opening of the casing 21 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment.
  • the end cap 23 covers the opening of the casing 21 , and the end cap 23 and the casing 21 jointly define a space for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the shape of the end cap 23 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure
  • the end cap 23 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure compatible with the housing 21.
  • the housing 21 is a cylinder.
  • the body structure, the end cover 23 is a circular plate-shaped structure suitable for the housing 21.
  • the material of the end cover 23 can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc.
  • the material of the end cover 23 and the material of the shell 21 can be the same or different.
  • the conductive member 251 is a component with electrical conductivity welded with the tab 252 , and the conductive member 251 is welded with the tab 252 to form a tab welding structure 25 (not shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • the conductive element 251 may be the electrode terminal 231 disposed on the end cap 23 , and the conductive element 251 may also be a current collecting member connected between the tab 252 and the electrode terminal 231 . If the conductive member 251 is the electrode terminal 231 , the tab 252 is directly connected to the electrode terminal 231 . If the conductive member 251 is a current collecting member, the tab 252 and the electrode terminal 231 are indirectly connected through the current collecting member.
  • the conductive member 251 may be a metal conductor, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy and the like.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a pressure relief mechanism 24 , which is a component for releasing the pressure inside the battery cell 20 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 24 is disposed on the end cap 23 , and when the pressure or temperature inside the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value, the pressure inside the battery cell 20 is released through the pressure relief mechanism 24 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 24 may be a component such as an explosion-proof valve, a burst disk, or a pressure relief valve.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include an insulator.
  • the insulator is a part that separates the end cap 23 from the electrode assembly 22.
  • the insulator is arranged on the side of the end cap 23 facing the electrode assembly 22.
  • the insulation isolation between the end cap 23 and the electrode assembly 22 is realized.
  • the insulating part is made of insulating material, and the insulating part may be made of materials such as plastic and rubber.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tab welding structure 25 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a tab welding structure 25.
  • the tab welding structure 25 includes a conductive member 251 and a multi-layer sheet The tabs 252 formed by stacking the bodies along the first direction Z.
  • the conductive member 251 is welded to the tab 252 to form a fusion zone 253 .
  • the fusion zone 253 includes a first fusion portion 2531 and a second fusion portion 2532 .
  • the first fusion portion 2531 extends along the first direction Z from the tab 252 into the conductive member 251 .
  • the second fusion portion 2532 and the first fusion portion 2531 are bounded by each other, the second fusion portion 2532 is located at the side of the first fusion portion 2531 , and the second fusion portion 2532 is configured to connect the first fusion portion 2531 and the tab 252 .
  • the tab 252 has a multi-layer structure, and the tab 252 is formed by stacking multi-layer sheets along a first direction Z, where the first direction Z is the thickness direction of the sheet.
  • the pole pieces positive pole piece, negative pole piece
  • a plurality of sub-tabs, after the pole pieces are wound, are stacked together to form a tab 252 .
  • the sub-tab can be a sheet forming the tab 252 .
  • the multi-layer sheets in the tab 252 can be welded together by welding.
  • the conductive member 251 is a component welded with the tab 252 to form a fusion zone 253 .
  • the conductive member 251 may be an electrode terminal 231 , a current collecting member, or the like.
  • the fusion zone 253 is a part where the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 are welded together.
  • the first fusion part 2531 is the part where the fusion zone 253 connects the tab 252 and the conductive element 251
  • the second fusion zone 253 is the part where the fusion zone 253 connects the second fusion part 2532 and the tab 252 .
  • the first fusing part 2531 and the second fusing part 2532 are bounded by each other, and an interface is formed at the position where the two are connected.
  • the first fusing part 2531 and the second fusing part 2532 are respectively formed by two times of welding.
  • the first fusing part 2531 and the second fusing part 2532 have various boundaries.
  • the colors of the first fusion portion 2531 and the second fusion portion 2532 may be different, so that the two are separated from each other; the surface roughness of the first fusion portion 2531 and the second fusion portion 2532 may also be different, so that The two divide each other.
  • the second fusion part 2532 is located on the side of the first fusion part 2531, and the second fusion part 2532 plays the role of connecting the first fusion part 2531 and the tab 252, which is equivalent to the first fusion part 2531 and the tab 252 through the second fusion.
  • the parts 2532 are fused together to reduce the risk of cracking at the welding position of the tab 252 due to the direct connection between the tab 252 and the first fusion part 2531, improve the firmness of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 after welding, and improve the battery cell 20. service life.
  • the fusion region 253 formed by welding the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 includes the first fusion portion 2531 and the second fusion portion 2532 , the flow area between the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 is increased.
  • the fusion depth of the second fusion portion 2532 is smaller than the fusion depth of the first fusion portion 2531 .
  • the fusion depth of the first fusion portion 2531 is the dimension of the first fusion portion 2531 in the first direction Z
  • the fusion depth of the second fusion portion 2532 is the dimension of the second fusion portion 2532 in the first direction Z.
  • the fusion depth of the second fusion portion 2532 is smaller than the fusion depth of the first fusion portion 2531 , so that the bottom end of the first fusion portion 2531 is located deeper than the bottom end of the second fusion portion 2532 .
  • the welding temperature when the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 are welded to form the second fusion portion 2532 will be lower than that of the tab 252 and the conductive member.
  • 251 is welded to form the first fusion portion 2531 , during the process of forming the second fusion portion 2532 , the tab 252 is less affected by heat, and the tab 252 is not easily thermally expanded.
  • the size of the first fusion portion 2531 in the first direction Z is relatively long, and the depth of the fusion zone 253 is relatively large, so as to ensure the firmness of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 after welding.
  • the size of the second fusion part 2532 in the first direction Z is relatively short, and the second fusion part 2532 plays a good role in connecting the first fusion part 2531 and the tab 252 , reducing the risk of cracking at the welding position of the tab 252 .
  • the second fusion portion 2532 does not exceed the tab 252 along the direction that the tab 252 faces the conductive member 251 .
  • the second fusion portion 2532 does not exceed the tab 252 along the direction that the tab 252 faces the conductive member 251 , that is, the bottom end of the second fusion portion 2532 Located in the tab 252 , the fusion depth of the second fusion portion 2532 in the first direction Z will not be too large.
  • the second fusion portion 2532 does not exceed the tab 252 along the direction in which the tab 252 faces the conductive member 251, so that the second fusion portion 2532 does not extend into the conductive member 251, reducing the risk of the second fusion portion 2532 being too deep. Large enough to cause the risk of cracking between the second fusion portion 2532 and the tab 252 .
  • the welding temperature of the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 to form the second fusion portion 2532 is lower than the welding temperature of the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 to form the first fusion portion 2531 .
  • the welding temperature for forming the second fusion portion 2532 is lower than the welding temperature for forming the first fusion portion 2531, and the welding power for forming the second fusion portion 2532 can be lower than that for forming the first fusion portion 2532.
  • the welding power of the fusion part 2531 is realized. Taking the laser welding of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 as an example, the welding power of the first welding part 2531 formed by the laser welding of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 for the first time is the first welding power, and the first welding power is used for the first welding power of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251.
  • the welding power for forming the second fusion portion 2532 by laser welding for the second time is the second welding power, and the second welding power is lower than the first welding power.
  • the welding temperature for forming the second fusion portion 2532 is lower than the welding temperature for forming the first fusion portion 2531, so that the depth of the first fusion portion 2531 is greater than the depth of the second fusion portion 2532, and the depth of the fusion zone 253 is lower than that of the first fusion portion 2531.
  • the welding temperature for forming the second fusion portion 2532 is relatively low, the tab 252 is not easy to expand and deform during the formation of the second fusion portion 2532 , which reduces the risk of cracking at the connection position between the second fusion portion 2532 and the tab 252 .
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the tab welding structure 25 shown in FIG. The circumferential extension of the first fusion portion 2531 is distributed.
  • the second fusion portion 2532 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first fusion portion 2531 , that is, the first fusion portion 2531 is located inside the second fusion portion 2532 .
  • the second fusion part 2532 extends along the circumferential direction of the first fusion part 2531.
  • the second fusion part 2532 can be a fully enclosed structure extending along the circumference of the first fusion part 2531 and connected end to end, or it can be along the circumference of the first fusion part 2531.
  • a fusing part 2531 extends in the circumferential direction and has a semi-surrounding structure with a distance from the end to the end.
  • the second fusion portion 2532 is located on the outer peripheral side of the first fusion portion 2531 and extends along the circumferential direction of the first fusion portion 2531 , the tabs 252 are located in multiple orientations of the first fusion portion 2531 Both are not easy to crack, which improves the firmness of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 after welding.
  • the tab 252 in the first direction Z, is stacked with the conductive member 251 , and the first fusion portion 2531 penetrates the tab 252 and partially extends into the conductive member 251 .
  • the first fusion portion 2531 penetrates the tab 252 from top to bottom, and the bottom of the first fusion portion 2531 extends into the conductive member 251, so that the first fusion portion 2531 and The conductive elements 251 are connected together.
  • the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 are stacked in the first direction Z, and the first fusion portion 2531 penetrates the tab 252 and partially extends into the conductive member 251, so that the tab 252 is welded to the conductive member 251
  • the back has good firmness.
  • the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 can be welded by penetration welding to form the first fusion portion 2531 and the second fusion portion 2532 , reducing the difficulty of welding.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the welding structure of the tab 252 provided in some other embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the welding structure 25 of the tab shown in FIG. 6
  • the second direction X at least one side of the first fusion portion 2531 is provided with a second fusion portion 2532 .
  • the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Z.
  • the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Z, and the first direction Z is consistent with the direction of the fusion depth of the first fusion portion 2531 , and the second direction X may be consistent with the width direction of the first fusion portion 2531 .
  • At least one side of the first fusion portion 2531 is provided with a second fusion portion 2532, and it can be that only the side of the first fusion portion 2531 close to the tab 252 is provided with the second fusion portion 2532, or it can be that the first fusion portion 2531 is close to the pole.
  • a second fusing portion 2532 is provided on one side of the ear 252 and a side away from the pole ear 252 . Exemplarily, in FIG. 6 and FIG.
  • the side of the first fusion portion 2531 close to the tab 252 is provided with a second fusion portion 2532 , and the side of the first fusion portion 2531 away from the tab 252
  • the second fusing portion 2532 is not provided.
  • At least one side of the first fusion portion 2531 in the second direction X is provided with a second fusion portion 2532, and the second fusion portion 2532 is located on one side of the first fusion portion 2531 in the second direction X or
  • the two sides serve to connect the first fusion part 2531 and the tab 252, which simplifies the welding process and improves the welding efficiency.
  • the conductive member 251 includes a body portion 2511 and a protrusion portion 2512 .
  • the main body portion 2511 has an abutting surface 2511a.
  • the protrusion 2512 protrudes from the abutting surface 2511a.
  • the tab 252 abuts against the abutment surface 2511a along the first direction Z.
  • a welding seam 2513 is formed between the tab 252 and the convex portion 2512.
  • the fusion zone 253 is formed at the welding seam 2513.
  • the second direction X perpendicular to the first direction Z.
  • the abutting surface 2511a is the surface of the main body 2511 for the tab 252 to abut against, for example, the abutting surface 2511a is a plane.
  • the second direction X is perpendicular to the first direction Z, and the second direction X may be consistent with the width direction of the first fusion portion 2531 .
  • the second fusion portion 2532 is located on the side of the first fusion portion 2531 close to the tab 252 in the second direction X.
  • the fusion depth of the second fusion portion 2532 is smaller than the fusion depth of the first fusion portion 2531
  • the bottom end of the second fusion portion 2532 is located in the tab 252
  • the bottom end of the first fusion portion 2531 extends to the conductive within 251 pieces.
  • the tab 252 abuts against the abutting surface 2511a of the body portion 2511, a welding seam 2513 is formed between the tab 252 and the convex portion 2512, and the fusion zone 253 is formed in the welding seam 2513, so that the tab 252 and the conductive Pieces 251 of the saddle weld. Since the fusion zone 253 is formed at the welding seam 2513 between the welding tab 252 and the protrusion 2512, the tab 252 is less affected by heat during welding, which reduces the risk of cracking at the connection position between the second fusion portion 2532 and the tab 252 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell 20 including the tab welding structure 25 provided in any one of the above embodiments.
  • FIG. 8 is a welding structure diagram of the tab 252 and the electrode terminal 231 of the battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of the present application
  • FIG. 9 is another embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes the electrode terminal 231
  • the electrode terminal 231 is electrically connected to the tab 252
  • the electrode terminal 231 is a conductive member 251 .
  • the tab 252 and the electrode terminal 231 adopt a penetrating welding method to form a fusion zone 253 .
  • the tab 252 and the electrode terminal 231 form a fusion zone 253 by saddle welding.
  • the tabs 252 (for example, the positive tab 252 ) of a part of the electrode assemblies 22 are connected to the electrode terminals 231
  • the tab 252 (for example, the positive tab 252 ) of another part of the electrode assembly 22 is welded to the electrode terminal 231 .
  • the battery cell 20 includes an electrode terminal 231 and a current collecting member, the current collecting member is used to connect the electrode terminal 231 and the tab 252, so as to realize the electrical connection between the electrode terminal 231 and the tab 252, the current collecting member is Conductive member 251 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 , including a case body 10 and a battery cell 20 provided in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the case 10 is used to house the battery cells 20 .
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the battery 100 provided in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electric device may be any of the above-mentioned devices using the battery 100 .
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a welding method of the tab 252, please refer to FIG. 10, which is a flow chart of the welding method of the tab 252 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the method includes:
  • the fusion zone 253 includes a first fusion portion 2531 and a second fusion portion 2532 .
  • the first fusion portion 2531 extends along the first direction Z from the tab 252 into the conductive member 251 .
  • the second fusion portion 2532 and the first fusion portion 2531 are bounded by each other, the second fusion portion 2532 is located at the side of the first fusion portion 2531 , and the second fusion portion 2532 is configured to connect the first fusion portion 2531 and the tab 252 .
  • the tab 252 is welded to the conductive member 251 by the above method, it is equivalent to that the first fusion part 2531 and the tab 252 are fused together through the second fusion part 2532, reducing the risk of the tab 252 being directly connected to the first fusion part 2531.
  • the risk of cracking at the welding position of the tab 252 improves the firmness after welding the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 , and improves the service life of the battery cell 20 .
  • the fusion region 253 formed by welding the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 includes the first fusion portion 2531 and the second fusion portion 2532 , the flow area between the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 is increased.
  • step S100 can be executed first, and then step S200 can be executed, or step S200 can be executed first, and then step S100 can be executed.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a welding method for the tab 252 provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • Step S300 includes:
  • the welding temperature of the auxiliary welding is lower than that of the main welding.
  • step S310 and step S320 is not limited.
  • Step S310 can be performed first, and then step S320 is performed.
  • step S320 is performed.
  • step S320 can also be performed first, and then step S310 is performed, for example, first, the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 are auxiliary welded to form the second fusion portion 2532, Main welding is then performed on the edge of the second fusion portion 2532 to form the first fusion portion 2531 connecting the second fusion portion 2532 and the conductive member 251 together.
  • the welding temperature of the auxiliary welding is lower than the welding temperature of the main welding, which can be realized by the welding power of the auxiliary welding being lower than the welding temperature of the main welding.
  • the welding power for forming the second fusion portion 2532 through laser auxiliary welding is lower than the welding power for forming the first fusion portion 2531 through laser main welding.
  • the welding temperature for the main welding of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 is relatively high, so that the depth of the first fusion portion 2531 is relatively deep, ensuring the firmness of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 after welding.
  • the welding temperature for the auxiliary welding of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 is relatively low.
  • the tab 252 is not easy to expand and deform, which reduces the occurrence of the connection position between the second fusion part 2532 and the tab 252. Risk of cracking.
  • performing auxiliary welding on the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 includes: welding the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 from inside to outside along the circumferential direction for multiple turns, so as to form the second fusion portion 2532 .
  • Fig. 12 is a welding trajectory diagram of the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 provided by some embodiments of the present application. Welding to the outside; when performing main welding on the conductive member 251 and the tab 252 , welding can be performed in a spiral manner along the main welding track B.
  • Multi-turn welding of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 along the circumferential direction can form the second fusion portion 2532 extending and distributed along the circumferential direction of the first fusion portion 2531, and the tab 252 is in multiple orientations of the first fusion portion 2531 Both are not easy to crack, which improves the firmness of the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 after welding.
  • the welding temperature of each circle decreases step by step from the inside to the outside.
  • the second welding part 2532 decreases in steps from the inside to the outside, and the thermal impact of each round of welding on the tab 252 gradually decreases from the inside to the outside, further reducing the risk of cracking at the connection position between the second fusion portion 2532 and the tab 252 .
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of the welding device 2000 for the tab 252 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • device 2100 , second providing device 2200 and welding device 2300 are schematic block diagrams of the welding device 2000 for the tab 252 provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the first providing device 2100 is used for providing the electrode assembly 22 with the tab 252 , and the tab 252 is formed by stacking multiple sheets along the first direction Z.
  • the first providing device 2100 is used for providing the conductive element 251 .
  • the welding device 2300 is used for welding the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 , so that the tab 252 and the conductive member 251 form a fusion zone 253 .
  • the fusion zone 253 includes a first fusion portion 2531 and a second fusion portion 2532 .
  • the first fusion portion 2531 extends along the first direction Z from the tab 252 into the conductive member 251 .
  • the second fusion portion 2532 and the first fusion portion 2531 are bounded by each other, the second fusion portion 2532 is located at the side of the first fusion portion 2531 , and the second fusion portion 2532 is configured to connect the first fusion portion 2531 and the tab 252 .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备，属于电池技术领域。极耳焊接结构包括导电件和由多层片体沿第一方向层叠形成的极耳。导电件与极耳焊接形成熔合区。其中，熔合区包括第一熔合部和第二熔合部。第一熔合部沿第一方向从极耳延伸至导电件内。第二熔合部与第一熔合部彼此分界，第二熔合部位于第一熔合部的侧部，第二熔合部被配置为连接第一熔合部和极耳。第二熔合部起到连接第一熔合部与极耳的作用，相当于第一熔合部与极耳通过第二熔合部熔合在一起，降低极耳因直接与第一熔合部相连而导致开裂的风险，提高极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性，提高了电池单体的使用寿命。

Description

极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
对于一般的电池单体而言，极耳与导电件(集流构件、电极端子等)焊接，以便于输出电池单体的电能。目前，极耳与导电件焊接后容易出现极耳与导电件脱落的现象，影响电池单体的使用寿命。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备，能够有效提高极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种极耳焊接结构，包括：由多层片体沿第一方向层叠形成的极耳；导电件，所述导电件与所述极耳焊接形成熔合区；其中，所述熔合区包括：第一熔合部，沿所述第一方向从所述极耳延伸至所述导电件内；第二熔合部，与所述第一熔合部彼此分界，所述第二熔合部位于所述第一熔合部的侧部，所述第二熔合部被配置为连接所述第一熔合部和所述极耳。
上述技术方案中，第二熔合部位于第一熔合部的侧部，第二熔合部起到连接第一熔合部与极耳的作用，相当于第一熔合部与极耳通过第二熔合部熔合在一起，降低极耳因直接与第一熔合部相连而导致开裂的风险，提高极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性，提高了电池单体的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，在所述第一方向上，所述第二熔合部的熔合深度小于所述第一熔合部的熔合深度。
上述技术方案中，第二熔合部的熔合深度小于第一熔合部的熔合深度，使得第一熔合部在第一方向上的尺寸相对较长，第二熔合部在第二方向上的尺寸相对较短。第一熔合部在第一方向上的尺寸相对较长，熔合区的深度较大，保证极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性。第二熔合部在第一方向上的尺寸相对较短，第二熔合部起到很好的连接第一熔合部和极耳的作用，降低极耳焊接位置开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，在所述第一方向上，所述第二熔合部沿所述极耳面向所述导电件的方向不超出所述极耳。
上述技术方案中，第二融合部沿极耳面向导电件的方向不超出极耳，使得第二熔合部未延伸至导电件内，降低因第二熔合部深度过大而造成第二熔合部与极耳之间出现开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述导电件与所述极耳焊接形成第二熔合部的焊接温度小于所述导电件与所述极耳焊接形成第一熔合部的焊接温度。
上述技术方案中，形成第二熔合部的焊接温度小于形成第一熔合部的焊接温度，能够使得第一熔合部的深度大于第二熔合部的深度，熔合区的深度较大，保证极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性。由于形成第二熔合部的焊接温度相对较低，在形成第二熔合部的过程中，极耳不易膨胀变形，降低了第二熔合部与极耳连接位置出现开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述第二熔合部设置于所述第一熔合部的外周侧，所述第二熔合部沿着所述第一熔合部的周向延伸分布。
上述技术方案中，第二熔合部位于第一熔合部的外周侧，且沿着第一熔合部的周向延伸分 布，极耳在第一熔合部的多个方位上均不易开裂，提高极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，在所述第一方向上，所述极耳与所述导电件层叠设置，所述第一熔合部穿透所述极耳并局部延伸至所述导电件内。
上述技术方案中，极耳与导电件在第一方向层叠设置，且第一熔合部穿透极耳并局部延伸至导电件内，使得极耳与导电件焊接后具有很好的牢固性。极耳与导电件可以采用穿透焊的方式进行焊接，以形成第一熔合部和第二熔合部，降低焊接难度。
在一些实施例中，在第二方向上，所述第一熔合部的至少一侧设置有所述第二熔合部；其中，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
上述技术方案中，第一熔合部在第二方向上的至少一侧设置有第二熔合部，第二熔合部于第一熔合部在第二方向上的一侧或两侧起到连接第一熔合部和极耳的作用，简化了焊接工艺，提高了焊接效率。
在一些实施例中，所述导电件包括：本体部，具有抵靠面；凸部，凸出于所述抵靠面；所述极耳沿所述第一方向抵靠于所述抵靠面，在第二方向上，所述极耳与所述凸部之间形成焊接缝，所述熔合区形成于所述焊接缝，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
上述技术方案中，极耳抵靠于本体部的抵靠面，极耳与凸部之间形成焊接缝，熔合区形成于焊接缝，实现极耳与导电件的骑缝焊。由于熔合区形成于焊接极耳与凸部之间的焊接缝，极耳在焊接时受到的热影响小，降低了第二熔合部与极耳连接位置出现开裂的风险。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的极耳焊接结构。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体包括电极端子，所述电极端子与所述极耳电连接，所述电极端子为所述导电件。
在一些实施例中，所述电池单体包括：电极端子；集流构件，用于连接所述电极端子和所述极耳，以实现所述电极端子与所述极耳电连接，所述集流构件为所述导电件。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，包括：上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体；箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种极耳的焊接方法：提供具有极耳的电极组件，所述极耳由多层片体沿第一方向层叠形成；提供导电件；将所述极耳与所述导电件进行焊接并形成熔合区；其中，所述熔合区包括：第一熔合部，沿所述第一方向从所述极耳延伸至所述导电件内；第二熔合部，与所述第一熔合部彼此分界，所述第二熔合部位于所述第一熔合部的侧部，所述第二熔合部被配置为连接所述第一熔合部和所述极耳。
在一些实施例中，所述将所述极耳与所述导电件进行焊接并形成熔合区包括：对所述极耳与所述导电件进行主焊接，以形成所述第一熔合部；对所述极耳与所述导电件进行辅焊接，以形成所述第二熔合部；其中，所述辅焊接的焊接温度小于所述主焊接的焊接温度。
上述技术方案中，对极耳与导电件进行主焊接的焊接温度相对较大，使得第一熔合部的深度相对较深，保证极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性。对极耳与导电件进行辅焊接的焊接温度相对较低，在形成第二熔合部的过程中，极耳不易膨胀变形，降低了第二熔合部与极耳连接位置出现开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，所述对所述导电件与所述极耳进行辅焊接包括：沿着周向对所述极耳和所述导电件从内至外进行多圈焊接，以形成所述第二熔合部。
上述技术方案中，沿着周向对所述极耳和所述导电件进行多圈焊接，能够形成沿周向延伸分布的第二熔合部，极耳在第一熔合部的多个方位上均不易开裂，提高极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，各圈的焊接温度从内至外逐级降低。
上述技术方案中，各圈的焊接温度从内至外逐级降低，从内至外每一圈焊接对极耳造成的热影响逐渐减小，进一步降低第二熔合部与极耳连接位置出现开裂的风险。
第六方面，本申请实施例还提供一种极耳的焊接设备，包括：第一提供装置，用于提供具有极耳的电极组件，所述极耳由多层片体沿第一方向层叠形成；第一提供装置，用于提供导电件；焊接装置，用于将所述极耳与所述导电件焊接，以使所述极耳和所述导电件形成熔合区；其中，所述熔合区包括：第一熔合部，沿所述第一方向从所述极耳延伸至所述导电件内；第二熔合部，与所述第一熔合部彼此分界，所述第二熔合部位于所述第一熔合部的侧部，所述第二熔合部被配置为连接所述第一熔合部和所述极耳。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的爆炸图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的极耳焊接结构的剖视图；
图5为图4所示的极耳焊接结构的俯视图；
图6为本申请又一些实施例提供的极耳焊接结构的剖视图；
图7为图6所示的极耳焊接结构的俯视图；
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的极耳与电极端子的焊接结构图；
图9为本申请又一些实施例提供的电池单体的极耳与电极端子的焊接结构图；
图10为本申请一些实施例提供的极耳的焊接方法的流程图；
图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的极耳的焊接方法的流程图；
图12为本申请一些实施例提供的导电件与极耳的焊接轨迹图；
图13为本申请一些实施例提供的极耳的焊接设备的示意性框图。
图标：10-箱体；11-第一部分；12-第二部分；20-电池单体；21-壳体；22-电极组件；23-端盖；231-电极端子；24-泄压机构；25-极耳焊接结构；251-导电件；2511-本体部；2511a-抵靠面；2512-凸部；2513-焊接缝；252-极耳；253-熔合区；2531-第一熔合部；2532-第二熔合部；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；1000-车辆；2000-焊接设备；2100-第一提供装置；2200-第二提供装置；2300-焊接装置；A-辅焊接轨迹；B-主焊接轨迹；Z-第一方向；X-第二方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和 “具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
在电池单体中，极耳一般与导电件(集流构件、电极端子等)焊接，以便于输出电池单体的电能。
发明人发现，为保证极耳与导电件焊接后具有较好的牢固性，极耳与导电件焊接形成的熔合部需要足够的深度。但熔合部的深度越深，在焊接时，极耳受到的热量就越高，由于极耳由多层片体层叠设置形成，极耳受到的温度越高越容易膨胀变形，导致极耳与熔合部相连的位置出现开裂的情况，极耳与导电件焊接后容易出现导电件与极耳脱落的现象，影响电池单体的使用寿命。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种极耳焊接结构，极耳与导电件焊接形成熔合区，熔合区包括彼此分界的第一熔合部和第二熔合部，第一熔合部沿第一方向从极耳延伸至导电件内，第二熔合部与第一熔合部彼此分界，第二熔合部位于第一熔合部的侧部，第二熔合部被配置为连接第一熔合部和极耳。
在这样的极耳焊接结构中，第二熔合部起到连接第一熔合部与极耳的作用，相当于第一熔合部与极耳通过第二熔合部熔合在一起，降低极耳因直接与第一熔合部相连而导致开裂的风险，提高极耳与导电件焊接后的牢固性，提高了电池单体的使用寿命。此外，由于极耳与导电件焊接形成的熔合区包括第一熔合部和第二熔合部，增大了导电件与极耳之间的过流面积。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构示意图，电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20，箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
其中，箱体10是容纳电池单体20的部件，箱体10为电池单体20提供容纳空间，箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体10可以包括第一部分11和第二部分12，第一部分11与第二部分12相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳空间。第一部分11和第二部分12可以是多种形状，比如，长方体、圆柱体等。第一部分11可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12也可以是一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12的开放侧盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。也可以是第一部分11为一侧开放的空心结构，第二部分12为板状结构，第二部分12盖合于第一部分11的开放侧，则形成具有容纳空间的箱体10。第一部分11与第二部分12可以通过密封元件来实现密封，密封元件可以是密封圈、密封胶等。
在电池100中，电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体10内。也可以是所有电池单体20之间直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将所有电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。汇流部件可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等。
请参照图3，图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的爆炸图，电池单体20包括壳体21、电极组件22、端盖23和导电件251。
壳体21是用于容纳电极组件22的部件，壳体21可以是一端形成开口的空心结构。壳体21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体21的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
壳体21内的电极组件22可以是一个，也可以是多个。例如，如图3所示，电极组件22为多个，多个电极组件22层叠布置。
电极组件22是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件22可以包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离膜。电极组件22可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构，也可以是由正极极片、隔离膜和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。
正极极片可以包括正极集流体和涂覆于正极集流体相对的两侧的正极活性物质层。负极极片可以包括负极集流体和涂覆于负极集流体相对的两侧的负极活性物质层。电极组件22具有极耳252，极耳252分为正极极耳252和负极极耳252，正极极耳252可以是正极极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分，负极极耳252可以是负极极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分。
端盖23是盖合于壳体21的开口以将电池单体20的内部环境与外部环境隔绝的部件。端盖23盖合于壳体21的开口，端盖23与壳体21共同限定出用于容纳电极组件22、电解液以及其他部件的空间。端盖23的形状可以与壳体21的形状相适配，比如，壳体21为长方体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相适配的矩形板状结构，再如，壳体21为圆柱体结构，端盖23为与壳体21相适配的圆形板状结构。端盖23的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等，端盖23的材质与壳体21的材质可以相同，也可以不同。
导电件251是与极耳252焊接具有导电能力的部件，导电件251与极耳252焊接形成极耳焊接结构25(图3未示出)。导电件251可以是设置于端盖23上的电极端子231，导电件251也可以是连接于极耳252与电极端子231之间的集流构件。若导电件251为电极端子231，极耳252与电极端子231直接连接。若导电件251为集流构件，极耳252与电极端子231则通过集流构件间接连接。导电件251可以是金属导体，比如，铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
在一些实施例中，电池单体20还可以包括泄压机构24，泄压机构24是泄放电池单体20内部的压力的部件。泄压机构24设置于端盖23上，在电池单体20内部的压力或温度达到阈值时，通过泄压机构24泄放电池单体20内部的压力。泄压机构24可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、泄压阀等部件。
在一些实施例中，电池单体20还可以包括绝缘件，绝缘件是将端盖23与电极组件22分隔的部件，绝缘件设置于端盖23面向电极组件22的一侧，通过绝缘件来实现端盖23与电极组件22的绝缘隔离。绝缘件为绝缘材质，绝缘件可以是诸如塑料、橡胶等材质。
请参照图4，图4为本申请一些实施例提供的极耳焊接结构25的剖视图，本申请实施例提供一种极耳焊接结构25，极耳焊接结构25包括导电件251和由多层片体沿第一方向Z层叠形成的极耳252。导电件251与极耳252焊接形成熔合区253。
其中，熔合区253包括第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532。第一熔合部2531沿第一方向Z从极耳252延伸至导电件251内。第二熔合部2532与第一熔合部2531彼此分界，第二熔合部2532位于第一熔合部2531的侧部，第二熔合部2532被配置为连接第一熔合部2531和极耳252。
极耳252为多层结构，极耳252由多层片体沿第一方向Z层叠形成，第一方向Z即为片体的厚度方向。以电极组件22(图3中示出)为卷绕结构为例，极片(正极极片、负极极片)在卷绕前在前宽度方向上的一侧将形成间隔布置的呈片状的多个子极耳，待极片卷绕后，多个子极耳则层叠在一起，以形成极耳252。子极耳则可以是形成极耳252的片体。极耳252在与导电件251焊接前，可以通过焊接的方式将极耳252中的多层片体焊接在一起。
导电件251为与极耳252焊接形成熔合区253的部件。在电池单体20中，导电件251可以是电极端子231、集流构件等。
熔合区253为导电件251与极耳252焊接熔合在一起的部分。第一熔合部2531为熔合区253连接极耳252和导电件251的部分，第二熔合区253为熔合区253连接第二熔合部2532和极耳252的部分。第一熔合部2531与第二熔合部2532彼此分界，在两者相连的位置形成分界面，第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532由两次焊接分别形成。第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532有多种分界形式。比如，可以是第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532两者的颜色不同，使得两者彼此分界；也可以是第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532两者的表面粗糙度不同，使得两者彼此分界。
第二熔合部2532位于第一熔合部2531的侧部，第二熔合部2532起到连接第一熔合部2531与极耳252的作用，相当于第一熔合部2531与极耳252通过第二熔合部2532熔合在一起，降低极耳252因直接与第一熔合部2531相连而导致极耳252焊接位置开裂的风险，提高极耳252与导电件251焊接后的牢固性，提高了电池单体20的使用寿命。此外，由于极耳252与导电件251焊接形成的熔合区253包括第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532，增大了导电件251与极耳 252之间的过流面积。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，在第一方向Z上，第二熔合部2532的熔合深度小于第一熔合部2531的熔合深度。
第一熔合部2531的熔合深度为第一熔合部2531在第一方向Z上的尺寸，第二熔合部2532的熔合深度为第二熔合部2532在第一方向Z上的尺寸。第二熔合部2532的熔合深度小于第一熔合部2531的熔合深度，使得第一熔合部2531的底端比第二熔合部2532的底端位于更深的位置。
由于第二熔合部2532的熔合深度小于第一熔合部2531的熔合深度，在对极耳252和导电件251进行焊接形成第二熔合部2532时的焊接温度将小于在对极耳252和导电件251进行焊接形成第一熔合部2531时的焊接温度，在形成第二熔合部2532的过程中，极耳252受到的热影响较小，极耳252不易受热膨胀。
第一熔合部2531在第一方向Z上的尺寸相对较长，熔合区253的深度较大，保证极耳252与导电件251焊接后的牢固性。第二熔合部2532在第一方向Z上的尺寸相对较短，第二熔合部2532起到很好的连接第一熔合部2531和极耳252的作用，降低极耳252焊接位置开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，请继续参照图4，在第一方向Z上，第二熔合部2532沿极耳252面向导电件251的方向不超出极耳252。
如图4所示，以极耳252位于导电件251的上侧为例，第二熔合部2532沿极耳252面向导电件251的方向不超出极耳252，即第二熔合部2532的底端位于极耳252内，使得第二熔合部2532在第一方向Z上的熔合深度不会过大。
第二熔合部2532的熔合深度越大，在对极耳252和导电件251进行焊接形成第二熔合部2532的过程中，极耳252受到的热影响就越大，越容易膨胀开裂。
而本实施例中，第二熔合部2532沿极耳252面向导电件251的方向不超出极耳252，使得第二熔合部2532未延伸至导电件251内，降低因第二熔合部2532深度过大而造成第二熔合部2532与极耳252之间出现开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，导电件251与极耳252焊接形成第二熔合部2532的焊接温度小于导电件251与极耳252焊接形成第一熔合部2531的焊接温度。
在对极耳252与导电件251进行焊接的过程中，形成第二熔合部2532的焊接温度小于形成第一熔合部2531的焊接温度，可以通过形成第二熔合部2532的焊接功率小于形成第一熔合部2531的焊接功率实现。以极耳252与导电件251通过激光焊接为例，极耳252与导电件251第一次通过激光焊接形成第一熔合部2531的焊接功率为第一焊接功率，极耳252与导电件251第二次通过激光焊接形成第二熔合部2532的焊接功率为第二焊接功率，第二焊接功率小于第一焊接功率。
在本实施例中，形成第二熔合部2532的焊接温度小于形成第一熔合部2531的焊接温度，能够使得第一熔合部2531的深度大于第二熔合部2532的深度，熔合区253的深度较大，保证极耳252与导电件251焊接后的牢固性。由于形成第二熔合部2532的焊接温度相对较低，在形成第二熔合部2532的过程中，极耳252不易膨胀变形，降低了第二熔合部2532与极耳252连接位置出现开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，请参照图5，图5为图4所示的极耳焊接结构25的俯视图，第二熔合部2532设置于第一熔合部2531的外周侧，第二熔合部2532沿着第一熔合部2531的周向延伸分布。
第二熔合部2532设置于第一熔合部2531的外周侧，即第一熔合部2531位于第二熔合部2532的内侧。第二熔合部2532沿着第一熔合部2531的周向延伸分布，第二熔合部2532可以是沿着第一熔合部2531的周向延伸且首尾相连的全包围结构，也可以是沿着第一熔合部2531的周向延伸且首尾存在距离的半包围结构。
在本实施例中，由于第二熔合部2532位于第一熔合部2531的外周侧，且沿着第一熔合部2531的周向延伸分布，极耳252在第一熔合部2531的多个方位上均不易开裂，提高极耳252与导电件251焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，在第一方向Z上，极耳252与导电件251层叠设置，第一熔合部2531穿透极耳252并局部延伸至导电件251内。
以极耳252位于导电件251的上侧为例，第一熔合部2531从上至下穿透极耳252，第一熔合部2531的底部延伸至导电件251内，使得第一熔合部2531与导电件251连接在一起。
在本实施例中，极耳252与导电件251在第一方向Z层叠设置，且第一熔合部2531穿透极耳252并局部延伸至导电件251内，使得极耳252与导电件251焊接后具有很好的牢固性。极耳252与导电件251可以采用穿透焊的方式进行焊接，以形成第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532，降低焊接难度。
在一些实施例中，请参照图6和图7，图6为本申请又一些实施例提供的极耳252的焊接结构的剖视图，图7为图6所示的极耳焊接结构25的俯视图，在第二方向X上，第一熔合部2531的至少一侧设置有第二熔合部2532。其中，第二方向X垂直于第一方向Z。
第二方向X与第一方向Z垂直，第一方向Z与第一熔合部2531的熔合深度的方向保持一致，第二方向X可以与第一熔合部2531的宽度方向保持一致。第一熔合部2531的至少一侧设置有第二熔合部2532，可以是只有第一熔合部2531靠近极耳252的一侧设置有第二熔合部2532，也可以是第一熔合部2531靠近极耳252的一侧和远离极耳252的一侧均设有第二熔合部2532。示例性的，在图6和图7中，在第二方向上，第一熔合部2531靠近极耳252的一侧设置有第二熔合部2532，第一熔合部2531远离极耳252的一侧未设置第二熔合部2532。
在本实施例中，第一熔合部2531在第二方向X上的至少一侧设置有第二熔合部2532，第二熔合部2532于第一熔合部2531在第二方向X上的一侧或两侧起到连接第一熔合部2531和极耳252的作用，简化了焊接工艺，提高了焊接效率。
在一些实施例中，如图6和图7所示，导电件251包括本体部2511和凸部2512。本体部2511具有抵靠面2511a。凸部2512凸出于抵靠面2511a。极耳252沿第一方向Z抵靠于抵靠面2511a，在第二方向X上，极耳252与凸部2512之间形成焊接缝2513，熔合区253形成于焊接缝2513，第二方向X垂直于第一方向Z。
抵靠面2511a为本体部2511供极耳252抵靠的面，示例性的，抵靠面2511a为平面。第二方向X与第一方向Z垂直，第二方向X可以与第一熔合部2531的宽度方向保持一致。
示例性的，如图6所示，第二熔合部2532在第二方向X上位于第一熔合部2531靠近极耳252的一侧。在第一方向Z上，第二熔合部2532的熔合深度小于第一熔合部2531的熔合深度，第二熔合部2532的底端位于极耳252内，第一熔合部2531的底端延伸至导电件251内。
在本实施例中，极耳252抵靠于本体部2511的抵靠面2511a，极耳252与凸部2512之间形成焊接缝2513，熔合区253形成于焊接缝2513，实现极耳252与导电件251的骑缝焊。由于熔合区253形成于焊接极耳252与凸部2512之间的焊接缝2513，极耳252在焊接时受到的热影响小，降低了第二熔合部2532与极耳252连接位置出现开裂的风险。
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体20，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的极耳焊接结构25。
在一些实施例中，请参照图8和图9，图8为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的极耳252与电极端子231的焊接结构图，图9为本申请又一些实施例提供的电池单体20的极耳252与电极端子231的焊接结构图，电池单体20包括电极端子231，电极端子231与极耳252电连接，电极端子231为导电件251。
其中，在图8中，极耳252与电极端子231采取穿透焊的方式形成熔合区253。在图9中，极耳252与电极端子231采用骑缝焊的方式形成熔合区253。
如图8和图9，在电池单体20中包括多个电极组件22(图3中示出)的实施例中，一部 分电极组件22的极耳252(比如，正极耳252)与电极端子231焊接，另一部分电极组件22的极耳252(比如，正极耳252)与电极端子231焊接。
在另一些实施例中，电池单体20包括电极端子231和集流构件，集流构件用于连接电极端子231和极耳252，以实现电极端子231与极耳252电连接，集流构件为导电件251。
本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括箱体10和上述任意一个实施例提供的电池单体20。箱体10用于容纳电池单体20。
本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括上述任意一个实施例提供的电池100。
用电设备可以是上述任一应用电池100的设备。
本申请实施例提供一种极耳252的焊接方法，请参照图10，图10为本申请一些实施例提供的极耳252的焊接方法的流程图，该方法包括：
S100：提供具有极耳252的电极组件22，极耳252由多层片体沿第一方向Z层叠形成；
S200：提供导电件251；
S300：将极耳252与导电件251进行焊接并形成熔合区253。
其中，熔合区253包括第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532。第一熔合部2531沿第一方向Z从极耳252延伸至导电件251内。第二熔合部2532与第一熔合部2531彼此分界，第二熔合部2532位于第一熔合部2531的侧部，第二熔合部2532被配置为连接第一熔合部2531和极耳252。
通过上述方法将极耳252与导电件251焊接后，相当于第一熔合部2531与极耳252通过第二熔合部2532熔合在一起，降低极耳252因直接与第一熔合部2531相连而导致极耳252焊接位置开裂的风险，提高极耳252与导电件251焊接后的牢固性，提高了电池单体20的使用寿命。此外，由于极耳252与导电件251焊接形成的熔合区253包括第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532，增大了导电件251与极耳252之间的过流面积。
在上述方法中，并不限制步骤S100和步骤S200的先后顺序。可以先执行步骤S100，再执行步骤S200，也可以先执行步骤S200，再执行步骤S100。
在一些实施例中，请参照图11，图11为本申请又一些实施例提供的极耳252的焊接方法的流程图，步骤S300包括：
S310：对极耳252与导电件251进行主焊接，以形成第一熔合部2531；
S320：对极耳252与导电件251进行辅焊接，以形成第二熔合部2532。
其中，辅焊接的焊接温度小于主焊接的焊接温度。
在本申请实施例中，并不限制步骤S310和步骤S320的先后顺序。可以先执行步骤S310，再执行步骤S320，比如，先对极耳252与导电件251进行主焊接形成第一熔合部2531，再在第一熔合部2531的边缘进行辅焊接，以形成将第一熔合部2531与极耳252连接在一起的第二熔合部2532；也可以先执行步骤S320，再执行步骤S310，比如，先对极耳252与导电件251进行辅焊接形成第二熔合部2532，再在第二熔合部2532的边缘进行主焊接，以形成将第二熔合部2532与导电件251连接在一起的第一熔合部2531。
辅焊接的焊接温度小于主焊接的焊接温度，可以通过辅焊接的焊接功率小于主焊接的焊接温度实现。以极耳252与导电件251通过激光焊接为例，通过激光辅焊接形成第二熔合部2532的焊接功率小于通过激光主焊接形成第一熔合部2531的焊接功率。
在本实施例中，对极耳252与导电件251进行主焊接的焊接温度相对较大，使得第一熔合部2531的深度相对较深，保证极耳252与导电件251焊接后的牢固性。对极耳252与导电件251进行辅焊接的焊接温度相对较低，在形成第二熔合部2532的过程中，极耳252不易膨胀变形，降低了第二熔合部2532与极耳252连接位置出现开裂的风险。
在一些实施例中，对导电件251与极耳252进行辅焊接包括：沿着周向对极耳252和导电 件251从内至外进行多圈焊接，以形成第二熔合部2532。
请参照图12，图12为本申请一些实施例提供的导电件251与极耳252的焊接轨迹图，在对导电件251与极耳252进行辅焊接时，可以沿着辅焊接轨迹A从内至外进行焊接；在对导电件251与极耳252进行主焊接时，可以沿着主焊接轨迹B以螺旋的方式进行焊接。
沿着周向对极耳252和导电件251进行多圈焊接，能够形成沿第一熔合部2531周向延伸分布的第二熔合部2532，极耳252在第一熔合部2531的多个方位上均不易开裂，提高极耳252与导电件251焊接后的牢固性。
在一些实施例中，各圈的焊接温度从内至外逐级降低。
在沿着周向对极耳252和导电件251从内至外进行多圈焊接形成第二熔合部2532的过程中，由于各圈的焊接温度从内至外逐渐降低，使得第二焊接部的熔合深度从内至外呈阶梯状减小，从内至外每一圈焊接对极耳252造成的热影响逐渐减小，进一步降低第二熔合部2532与极耳252连接位置出现开裂的风险。
本申请实施例还提供一种极耳252的焊接设备2000，请参照图13，图13为本申请一些实施例提供的极耳252的焊接设备2000的示意性框图，焊接设备2000包括第一提供装置2100、第二提供装置2200和焊接装置2300。
第一提供装置2100用于提供具有极耳252的电极组件22，极耳252由多层片体沿第一方向Z层叠形成。第一提供装置2100用于提供导电件251。焊接装置2300用于将极耳252与导电件251焊接，以使极耳252和导电件251形成熔合区253。
其中，熔合区253包括第一熔合部2531和第二熔合部2532。第一熔合部2531沿第一方向Z从极耳252延伸至导电件251内。第二熔合部2532与第一熔合部2531彼此分界，第二熔合部2532位于第一熔合部2531的侧部，第二熔合部2532被配置为连接第一熔合部2531和极耳252。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种极耳焊接结构，包括：
    由多层片体沿第一方向层叠形成的极耳；
    导电件，与所述极耳焊接形成熔合区；
    其中，所述熔合区包括：
    第一熔合部，沿所述第一方向从所述极耳延伸至所述导电件内；
    第二熔合部，与所述第一熔合部彼此分界，所述第二熔合部位于所述第一熔合部的侧部，所述第二熔合部被配置为连接所述第一熔合部和所述极耳。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的极耳焊接结构，其中，在所述第一方向上，所述第二熔合部的熔合深度小于所述第一熔合部的熔合深度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的极耳焊接结构，其中，在所述第一方向上，所述第二熔合部沿所述极耳面向所述导电件的方向不超出所述极耳。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的极耳焊接结构，其中，所述导电件与所述极耳焊接形成第二熔合部的焊接温度小于所述导电件与所述极耳焊接形成第一熔合部的焊接温度。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的极耳焊接结构，其中，所述第二熔合部设置于所述第一熔合部的外周侧，所述第二熔合部沿着所述第一熔合部的周向延伸分布。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的极耳焊接结构，其中，在所述第一方向上，所述极耳与所述导电件层叠设置，所述第一熔合部穿透所述极耳并局部延伸至所述导电件内。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的极耳焊接结构，其中，在第二方向上，所述第一熔合部的至少一侧设置有所述第二熔合部；
    其中，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4和7中任一项所述的极耳焊接结构，其中，所述导电件包括：
    本体部，具有抵靠面；
    凸部，凸出于所述抵靠面；
    所述极耳沿所述第一方向抵靠于所述抵靠面，在第二方向上，所述极耳与所述凸部之间形成焊接缝，所述熔合区形成于所述焊接缝，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  9. 一种电池单体，包括根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的极耳焊接结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体包括电极端子，所述电极端子与所述极耳电连接，所述电极端子为所述导电件。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体包括：
    电极端子；
    集流构件，用于连接所述电极端子和所述极耳，以实现所述电极端子与所述极耳电连接，所述集流构件为所述导电件。
  12. 一种电池，包括：
    根据权利要求9-11中任一项所述的电池单体；
    箱体，用于容纳所述电池单体。
  13. 一种用电设备，包括权利要求12所述的电池。
  14. 一种极耳的焊接方法，包括：
    提供具有极耳的电极组件，所述极耳由多层片体沿第一方向层叠形成；
    提供导电件；
    将所述极耳与所述导电件进行焊接并形成熔合区；
    其中，所述熔合区包括：
    第一熔合部，沿所述第一方向从所述极耳延伸至所述导电件内；
    第二熔合部，与所述第一熔合部彼此分界，所述第二熔合部位于所述第一熔合部的侧部，所述第二熔合部被配置为连接所述第一熔合部和所述极耳。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的极耳的焊接方法，其中，所述将所述极耳与所述导电件进行焊接并形成熔合区包括：
    对所述极耳与所述导电件进行主焊接，以形成所述第一熔合部；
    对所述极耳与所述导电件进行辅焊接，以形成所述第二熔合部；
    其中，所述辅焊接的焊接温度小于所述主焊接的焊接温度。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的极耳的焊接方法，其中，所述对所述导电件与所述极耳进行辅焊接包括：
    沿着周向对所述极耳和所述导电件从内至外进行多圈焊接，以形成所述第二熔合部。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的极耳的焊接方法，其中，各圈的焊接温度从内至外逐级降低。
  18. 一种极耳的焊接设备，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供具有极耳的电极组件，所述极耳由多层片体沿第一方向层叠形成；
    第一提供装置，用于提供导电件；
    焊接装置，用于将所述极耳与所述导电件焊接，以使所述极耳和所述导电件形成熔合区；
    其中，所述熔合区包括：
    第一熔合部，沿所述第一方向从所述极耳延伸至所述导电件内；
    第二熔合部，与所述第一熔合部彼此分界，所述第二熔合部位于所述第一熔合部的侧部，所述第二熔合部被配置为连接所述第一熔合部和所述极耳。
PCT/CN2021/127726 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 极耳焊接结构、电池单体及用电设备 Ceased WO2023070604A1 (zh)

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