WO2023071162A1 - 自加热控制电路和系统 - Google Patents

自加热控制电路和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023071162A1
WO2023071162A1 PCT/CN2022/094652 CN2022094652W WO2023071162A1 WO 2023071162 A1 WO2023071162 A1 WO 2023071162A1 CN 2022094652 W CN2022094652 W CN 2022094652W WO 2023071162 A1 WO2023071162 A1 WO 2023071162A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
switch unit
module
battery pack
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/094652
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李占良
赵元淼
陈新伟
黄孝键
颜昱
但志敏
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP22760636.5A priority Critical patent/EP4199188B1/en
Priority to KR1020227030862A priority patent/KR102743058B1/ko
Priority to JP2022554613A priority patent/JP7420962B2/ja
Priority to US18/172,535 priority patent/US12327846B2/en
Publication of WO2023071162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071162A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/663—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/971—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/975—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/977—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0202—Switches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/875—Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/035—Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0019—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B3/0023—Circuit arrangements for heating by passing the current directly across the material to be heated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a self-heating control circuit and system.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a self-heating control circuit and system, aiming to provide a battery heating method with low heating energy consumption.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a self-heating control circuit, including:
  • the control module is used to obtain the cell temperature of the two battery packs connected in parallel, and sends a trigger signal when the cell temperature is lower than the threshold;
  • the first switch module is arranged on the charging and discharging circuit of the first battery pack, and its control terminal is connected to the control module, and is used to cut off the charging and discharging circuit when receiving the trigger signal, and the battery pack includes the first battery pack;
  • the excitation module is used to form a path with the two battery packs when the charging and discharging circuit is cut off, and generate an excitation current so that the excitation current flows back and forth between the two battery packs.
  • the internal self-heating method requires less energy consumption, the impact of battery heating technology on charging time and battery life is also reduced. Under the same temperature conditions, the battery self-heating solution improves the battery life and shortens the charging time compared with related technologies, and does not need to improve the inside of the battery pack, which reduces the cost and is simple and convenient.
  • the battery pack also includes a second battery pack;
  • the first switch module includes:
  • the first relay has its first terminal connected to the first pole of the first battery pack, its second terminal connected to the first pole of the second battery pack, and its control terminal connected to the control module.
  • the optional structure of the first switch module is given through the setting of the first relay, which helps to change the state of the charging and discharging circuit in time when the temperature of the battery core is too low, and prepares for the excitation module to promote the self-heating of the battery pack.
  • the first end of the excitation module is connected to the first end of the first relay
  • the second end of the excitation module is connected to the second end of the first relay
  • the third end of the excitation module is connected to the second end of the first battery pack. pole connection.
  • connection structure of the first relay and the excitation module shows how two battery packs connected in parallel switch from normal charge and discharge to form a path with the excitation module, which provides a hardware basis for the excitation module to promote the self-heating of the battery pack .
  • the excitation module includes an energy storage unit, a first switch connected to the first pole of the first battery pack, a second switch connected to the first pole of the second battery pack, and a second switch connected to the second pole of the first battery pack. pole-connected third switch and fourth switch;
  • an energy storage unit connected to the common end of the first switch and the third switch and the common end of the second switch and the fourth switch;
  • the control terminals of the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are all connected to the control module, and the conduction sequence of the first switch and the fourth switch is not consistent with the conduction sequence of the second switch and the third switch.
  • the structural composition of the excitation module is given, combined with the sequential control of the four switches by the control module, an oscillating excitation current is generated inside the excitation module, the structure is simple, and the self-heating of the battery pack is helped, and the heat loss is greatly reduced. Reduced, the heating efficiency of the battery pack is high, and there is no need to change the internal structure of the battery pack, and the compatibility is good.
  • the energy storage unit is an inductor or a capacitor.
  • the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are one of MOS transistors and insulated gate bipolar transistors.
  • the circuit further includes a first housing, and the control module, the first switch module and the excitation module are housed in the first housing.
  • the internal circuit can be prevented from being disturbed by the outside world, which is beneficial to circuit integration.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a self-heating control system, including:
  • the system further includes a high-voltage control circuit;
  • the high-voltage control circuit includes a first interface, an electrical interface, a charging interface, and a second switch module;
  • the second switch module is connected to the common terminal of the two battery packs through the first interface, connected to the power consumption device through the power consumption interface, and connected to the charging device through the charging interface;
  • the second switch module is used to control the formation of a discharge circuit between the two battery packs and the power consumption device when the power consumption signal is received through the power consumption interface;
  • the second switch module is also used to control the formation of a charging circuit between the two battery packs and the charging device when a charging signal is received through the charging interface;
  • the second switch module is also used to control the charging circuit and the discharging circuit to be turned off when receiving the trigger signal.
  • the different signals received by the second switch module can be controlled by the switch to conduct the circuit between the battery pack and different devices/modules to realize the high-voltage power supply. power switch.
  • each battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series and a first maintenance switch connected in series between the battery cells.
  • the high-voltage main circuit of the battery pack can be manually cut off to realize the independent work of another battery pack, and the setting of the first maintenance switch can provide safety protection for maintenance personnel.
  • the first switch module when the cell temperature of the battery pack is lower than the threshold value, the first switch module is triggered to cut off the charging and discharging circuit of the first battery pack, so that a path is formed between the excitation module and the two battery packs. At this time, the excitation module generates an excitation current, so that the excitation current flows back and forth between the battery packs. In this way, when the temperature of the battery core is lower than the threshold value, there is a current flow between the two battery packs, which makes the battery pack heat up and realizes self-heating. Compared with the traditional heat transfer external heating method, the heating energy consumption is low, thus A battery heating method with low heating energy consumption is provided.
  • Fig. 1 is a kind of block diagram of self-heating control circuit in the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a self-heating control circuit in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another circuit structure of the self-heating control circuit in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of the self-heating control system in the embodiment of the present application.
  • control module 11 first switch module 12, excitation module 13, first housing 14, first battery pack 21, second battery pack 22, batteries 23, first maintenance switch 24, first relay K1, The second relay K2, the third relay K3, the fourth relay K4, the fifth relay K5, the sixth relay K6, the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3, the fourth switch unit Q4, the storage Energy unit L, pre-charging component R, high-voltage control circuit 31, second switch module 32, first interface 33, power interface 34, charging interface 35, current sensor 36, second maintenance switch 37, second housing 38, The first positive interface 41, the second positive interface 42, the first negative interface 43, the second negative interface 44, the third positive interface 45, the fourth positive interface 46, the third negative interface 47, the Four negative interfaces 48 .
  • power batteries can be used as the main power source of electric devices (such as vehicles, ships or spacecraft, etc.), while energy storage batteries can be used as the source of charging for electric devices.
  • energy storage batteries can be used as the source of charging for electric devices.
  • Metaphor As an example but not a limitation, in some application scenarios, the power battery may be a battery in a power consumption device, and the energy storage battery may be a battery in a charging device.
  • power batteries and energy storage batteries are collectively referred to as batteries hereinafter.
  • lithium batteries such as lithium-ion batteries or lithium-ion polymer batteries.
  • the battery when the battery is being charged, its charging power is affected by the temperature of the external environment. When the temperature is too low, the charging power is reduced, and the battery may even stop charging. To solve this problem, battery heating technology has emerged.
  • the related technology usually connects the battery to a heating film to form a heating circuit, and the heating film is further attached to the surface of the battery cell inside the battery pack, and runs through the heating circuit to make the heating film generate heat and transfer it to the battery cell, thereby realizing battery heating.
  • the inventors of the present application found that the heating technology using a heating film attached to the surface of the battery cell is essentially an external heating scheme.
  • the heat transfer process of this external heating scheme has losses, which in turn makes the battery heating rate slow and heating loss larger.
  • due to the large heating loss a large amount of battery power is consumed in self-heating. Therefore, the external heating solution also leads to long charging time and short battery life when the external ambient temperature is low.
  • this application proposes a self-heating control circuit and system.
  • the first switch module is triggered to cut off the charging and discharging circuit of the first battery pack, so that the excitation module and the A pathway is formed between the two battery packs.
  • the excitation module generates an excitation current, so that the excitation current flows back and forth between the two battery packs.
  • the internal self-heating method requires less energy consumption, the impact of battery heating technology on charging time and battery life is also reduced. Under the same temperature conditions, the battery self-heating solution improves the battery life and shortens the charging time compared with related technologies, and does not need to improve the inside of the battery pack, which reduces the cost and is simple and convenient.
  • the self-heating control circuit mentioned above can be set in the electric device after being connected to the battery.
  • the electric device may be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • the self-heating control circuit may include a control module 11 , a first switch module 12 and an excitation module 13 .
  • control module 11 can be used to obtain the cell temperature of the two battery packs connected in parallel, and send a trigger signal when the cell temperature is lower than a threshold.
  • the above-mentioned control module 11 may be the BMS (Battery Management System, battery management system) of the battery pack, or, when the electrical device is a vehicle, the control module 11 may also be a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit, vehicle control unit) of the vehicle where the battery pack is located. device).
  • the control module 11 can also be an independent control chip, which can be connected to the BMS or temperature sensor in the battery pack, and obtain the temperature of the battery cell through the correspondingly connected BMS or temperature sensor, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the above-mentioned control module 11 can also be composed of a VCU and a control unit that can send a trigger signal, or a BMS and a control unit.
  • the VCU/BMS determines whether the temperature of the battery core is lower than the threshold value, and when the temperature of the battery core is lower than the threshold value, send to The control unit sends an electrical signal, so that the control unit sends a trigger signal to the first switch module 12 .
  • the above-mentioned threshold may be determined according to the temperature range corresponding to the optimal charging power of the cells in the battery pack, or the above-mentioned threshold may be set according to a critical temperature value at which the cells cannot perform charging operations.
  • the temperature range corresponding to the optimal charging power is [a, b], then the threshold may be set as a.
  • the threshold may be set to c degrees Celsius.
  • the threshold may also be a certain range where c fluctuates up and down.
  • a trigger signal may be sent when the cell temperature of one battery pack is lower than the threshold; or a trigger signal may be sent when the cell temperatures of all battery packs are lower than the threshold.
  • the first switch module 12 is arranged on the charging and discharging circuit of the first battery pack 21 , and the control terminal of the first switch module 12 is connected with the control module 11 .
  • the first switch module 12 can be turned off when receiving the trigger signal, so as to cut off the charging and discharging circuit, and the two battery packs include the above-mentioned first battery pack 21 .
  • the excitation module 13 can be used to form a path with the two battery packs when the charging and discharging circuit is cut off, and generate an excitation current so that the excitation current flows back and forth between the two battery packs.
  • the first switch module 12 when the cell temperature of the battery pack is lower than the threshold, the first switch module 12 is triggered to cut off the charging and discharging circuit of the first battery pack 21, so that a path is formed between the excitation module 13 and the two battery packs .
  • the excitation module 13 generates an excitation current, so that the excitation current flows back and forth between the two battery packs.
  • the temperature of the battery core is lower than the threshold value, there is a current flow between the two battery packs, which makes the battery pack heat up and realizes self-heating.
  • the heating energy consumption is low, thus A battery heating method with low heating energy consumption is provided.
  • the internal self-heating method requires less energy consumption, the impact of battery heating technology on charging time and battery life is also reduced. Under the same temperature conditions, the battery self-heating solution improves the battery life and shortens the charging time compared with related technologies, and does not need to improve the inside of the battery pack, which reduces the cost and is simple and convenient.
  • the two battery packs can work together as a power battery to supply power to the electric device, or receive a charging signal from the charging device for charging. That is to say, when the temperature of the battery cells is normal, the two battery packs form a circuit with the electrical device or the charging device. This circuit is shared during the charging or discharging phase of the battery, also known as the charging and discharging circuit.
  • the first switch module 12 When the first switch module 12 receives the trigger signal sent by the control module 11, it indicates that the temperature of the cells in the battery pack is too low, and the battery pack needs to be heated. As a result, the first switch module 12 is turned off, cutting off the charging and discharging circuit of the first battery pack 21 , and making the excitation module 13 turn from the non-connecting circuit to form a path with the two battery packs.
  • the excitation module 13 When the excitation module 13 forms a path with the two battery packs, an excitation current is generated inside, and the excitation current can flow back and forth between the two battery packs, thereby causing the battery pack to self-heat due to the internal current flow, forming a The self-heating phenomenon of the battery in a low temperature environment. Due to the self-heating phenomenon of the battery cell caused by the internal current flow, compared with the external heating method using the heating film, the heat loss is greatly reduced, and the internal structure of the battery pack does not need to be changed. The battery pack has high heating efficiency and compatibility. good.
  • the first switch module 12 may include a first relay K1.
  • the first switch module 12 may also be some composite switch, for example, composed of multiple MOS transistors connected in parallel.
  • first relay K1 the connection relationship of other first switch modules 12 can also be set with reference.
  • the first end of the first relay K1 can be connected to the first pole of the first battery pack 21.
  • the second terminal of the second relay K1 can be connected with the first pole of the second battery pack 22 , and the control terminal of the first relay K1 can be connected with the control module 11 .
  • the above-mentioned first relay K1 can be a normally closed relay, and its first terminal and second terminal are two normally closed contacts of the first relay K1, and when the signal is not received by the control terminal, it remains in the normally closed state, and the first battery
  • the charging and discharging circuit of group 21 can be used normally at this time.
  • the normally closed contact opens, and the normally closed state of the first relay K1 turns into an open state, thereby cutting off the charging and discharging circuit of the first battery pack 21, and the first battery pack 21 cannot continue Charging/discharging, in turn, enters a self-heating state through the excitation module 13 .
  • the optional structure of the first switch module 12 is given by the setting of the first relay K1, which helps to change the state of the charging and discharging circuit in time when the temperature of the battery cell 23 is too low, and prepares for the excitation module 13 to promote the self-heating of the battery pack.
  • the first end of the excitation module 13 can be connected to the first end of the first relay K1, and the excitation module 13
  • the second end of the drive module 13 can be connected to the second end of the first relay K1
  • the third end of the excitation module 13 can be connected to the second pole of the first battery pack 21.
  • Figures 1 to 3 of the present application illustrate that the first pole of the first battery pack 21 and the first pole of the second battery pack 22 are both positive poles and the second poles are both negative poles.
  • the first pole of the group 21 and the first pole of the second battery group 22 can also be a negative pole, and the corresponding second pole is a positive pole.
  • the first battery pack 21 passes through the positive pole of the first battery pack 21, the first end of the excitation module 13, and the third end of the excitation module 13 to the negative pole of the first battery pack 21 A path is formed, and the second battery pack 22 passes through the positive pole of the second battery pack 22, the second end of the excitation module 13, the third end of the excitation module 13, the negative common terminal connected to the second battery pack 22 and the first battery pack 21 to The negative electrode of the second battery pack 22 forms a path.
  • connection structure of the first relay K1 and the excitation module 13 shows how the two battery packs connected in parallel switch from normal charging and discharging to form a path with the excitation module 13, so as to promote the self-heating of the battery pack for the excitation module 13
  • the hardware base is provided.
  • the excitation module 13 may include an energy storage unit L, a first switch unit Q1, a second switch unit Q2, The third switch unit Q3 and the fourth switch unit Q4.
  • the first switch unit Q1 may be connected to the first pole of the first battery pack 21, the second switch unit Q2 may be connected to the first pole of the second battery pack 22, and the third switch unit Q3 may be connected to the first pole of the first battery pack 21.
  • the two poles are connected, and the fourth switch unit Q4 may also be connected to the second pole of the first battery pack 21 .
  • the common end of the first switch unit Q1 and the third switch unit Q3, and the common end of the second switch unit Q2 and the fourth switch unit Q4 may also be connected to the energy storage unit L.
  • the control terminals of the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3 and the fourth switch unit Q4 are all connected to the control module 11, and the turn-on timing of the first switch unit Q1 and the fourth switch unit Q4 is the same as The turn-on timings of the second switch unit Q2 and the third switch unit Q3 are inconsistent.
  • the above-mentioned energy storage unit L may be an inductor, or may also be an energy storage element such as a capacitor.
  • the first switch unit Q1, the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3 and the fourth switch unit Q4 can be set according to actual needs, and can be MOS tubes, such as PMOS tubes, and can be IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), or a combination of triodes, diodes, or other integrated switch chips, as long as the switching of this embodiment can be realized, and a path is formed between the excitation module 13 and the battery pack to realize current excitation.
  • MOS tubes such as PMOS tubes
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • the first switch unit Q1, the fourth switch unit Q4 and the energy storage unit L are connected to the path where the first battery pack 21 is located, and the second switch unit Q2, the third switch unit Q3 and the energy storage unit L are connected to On the path where the second battery pack 22 is located.
  • the switch unit Q3 can periodically switch the switch state according to timing control, that is, in the first period, the first switch unit Q1 and the fourth switch unit Q4 are turned on, the second switch unit Q2 and the third switch unit Q3 are turned off, and in the second period In two cycles, the first switch unit Q1 and the fourth switch unit Q4 are turned off, the second switch unit Q2 and the third switch unit Q3 are turned on, and the first cycle and the second cycle appear alternately, thereby continuously charging and discharging the energy storage unit L , the direction of the current between the excitation module 13 and the paths of the two battery packs is constantly changing, and the current flows back and forth between the two battery packs, thereby making the battery cells in the battery pack self-heating, thus realizing the low temperature environment of the battery pack. Self
  • the structural composition of the excitation module 13 is given. Combined with the sequential control of the control module 11 to the four switch units, the oscillation excitation current is generated inside the excitation module 13.
  • the structure is simple and helps the battery pack realize self-heating. , the heat loss is greatly reduced, the heating efficiency of the battery pack is high, and the internal structure of the battery pack does not need to be changed, and the compatibility is good.
  • the circuit also includes a first housing 14, the control module 11, the first switch module 12 and the excitation module 13 can be Accommodated in the first casing 14 .
  • the internal circuit can be prevented from being interfered by the outside world, which is beneficial to circuit integration.
  • eight high-voltage interfaces can also be set on the first housing 14.
  • the four interfaces on the left side of the housing in FIG. It is convenient to connect to electrical devices such as motors, air conditioners, etc. or charging devices such as charging piles.
  • the four interfaces on the left side are respectively the first positive interface 41, the second positive interface 42, the first negative interface 43, and the second negative interface 44, correspondingly connected to the positive pole of the second battery pack 22, the first The positive pole of the battery pack 21 , the negative pole of the first battery pack 21 , and the negative pole of the second battery pack 22 .
  • the four ports on the right are the third positive port 45 , the fourth positive port 46 , the third negative port 47 , and the fourth negative port 48 .
  • the first forward interface 41 and the third forward interface 45 can be connected through a high-voltage wire harness, and after the second forward interface 42 is connected to the first relay K1 through a high-voltage wire harness, the fourth forward interface 46 pick up.
  • the first negative interface 43 is connected to the third negative interface 47 through a high-voltage wire harness
  • the second negative interface 44 is connected to the fourth negative interface 48 through a high-voltage wire harness.
  • the third end of the excitation module 13 can be connected to the first negative interface 43 and the third negative interface 47 .
  • the third positive interface 45 can be connected to the fourth positive interface 46
  • the third negative interface 47 can be connected to the fourth positive interface 46.
  • the four negative interfaces 48 are connected, and the four interfaces on the right side are all disconnected from the electrical device and the charging device, so as to ensure that the battery pack is not connected to the external high voltage when the battery is self-heating.
  • the interface of the battery pack and the high-voltage wire harness are both multiplexed, and the self-heating control circuit can quickly connect to the battery pack without affecting the normal power supply or discharge of the battery pack, which is convenient for realizing fast switch.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a self-heating control system, which includes two battery packs and the self-heating control circuit provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, so the self-heating control system has all the functions of the above-mentioned self-heating control circuit Beneficial effect.
  • FIG. 4 based on the above-mentioned structure, another embodiment of the self-heating control system of the present application is proposed.
  • the first maintenance switch 24 can be placed in any position between the positive pole of the battery pack and the negative pole of the battery pack, thus the high-voltage main circuit of the battery pack can be manually cut off to realize the independent work of another battery pack.
  • the settings can provide safety protection for maintenance personnel.
  • the system also includes a high-voltage control circuit 31 .
  • the high-voltage control circuit 31 may include a second switch module 32, a first interface 33, a power interface 34, and a charging interface 35; wherein, the second switch module 32 is connected to the common end of the two battery packs through the first interface 33, The power consumption interface 34 is connected to the power consumption device, and connected to the charging device through the charging interface 35, and the power consumption device and the charging device are not shown in the figure.
  • the second switch module 32 can be used to control the formation of a discharge circuit between the two battery packs and the power consumption device when the power consumption signal is received through the power consumption interface 34 .
  • the second switch module 32 can also be used to control the formation of a charging circuit between the two battery packs and the charging device when a charging signal is received through the charging interface 35 .
  • the second switch module 32 can also be used to control the charging circuit and the discharging circuit to be turned off when receiving the trigger signal.
  • the above-mentioned second switch module 32 can be arranged in the second casing 38 , and the second casing 38 is provided with a notch, and is installed with the first interface 33 , the power interface 34 and the charging interface 35 .
  • the second housing 38 Through the accommodating design of the second housing 38, it is convenient to realize the switching of the high-voltage control circuit and ensure the safety of power consumption.
  • first interfaces 33 there may be four first interfaces 33 , and the four first interfaces 33 are respectively connected to the third positive interface 45 , the fourth positive interface 46 , the third negative interface 47 , and the fourth negative interface 48 .
  • electrical interfaces 34 which are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the electrical device.
  • charging interfaces 35 which are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the DC charging device.
  • the two first interfaces 33 connected to the third forward interface 45 and the fourth forward interface 46 can also be connected inside the second housing 38 through a high-voltage wire harness, so that the positive poles of the two battery packs are connected, Forms the positive common for the battery pack. The same is true for the formation of the negative common terminal of the battery pack, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the high-voltage control circuit 31 may also include two current sensors 36, and the two current sensors 36 may be respectively connected to the positive charging and discharging circuits of the first battery pack 21 and the second battery pack 22, thereby realizing current detection under high voltage, Avoid damage to devices in the circuit due to excessive current at startup.
  • the different signals received by the second switch module 32 can be controlled by the switch to conduct the circuit between the battery pack and different devices/modules to achieve high voltage Switch with electricity.
  • the above-mentioned second switch module 32 may include a second relay K2, a third relay K3, a fourth relay K4, a fifth relay K5 and a sixth relay K6, wherein the second relay K2 is also connected with the pre-filling assembly R connected in series, the pre-charging component R can be, for example, a pre-charging resistor, and the branch formed by the series connection is connected in parallel with the third relay K3.
  • the first end of the third relay K3 is connected to the positive common end of the two battery packs, and the second end is connected to the positive pole of the electrical device through the electrical interface 34 .
  • the first terminal of the fourth relay K4 is connected to the negative common terminals of the two battery packs, and the second terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the electrical equipment through the electrical interface 34 .
  • the first end of the fifth relay K5 is connected to the positive common end of the two battery packs, and the second end is connected to the positive pole of the DC charging device through the charging interface 35 .
  • the first end of the sixth relay K6 is connected to the negative common end of the two battery packs, and the second end is connected to the negative pole of the DC charging device through the charging interface 35 .
  • the second relay K2 and the fourth relay K4 are turned on, and after a period of time, the second relay K2 is turned off, and the third relay K3 is turned on. Therefore, through the series setting of the pre-charging resistor, it can prevent damage to the electrical device due to excessive transient current, and improve the safety of electricity usage.
  • the on/off states of the third relay K3 and the fourth relay K4 can be consistent, and whether the discharge circuit is turned on or not can be determined by adjusting the on-off of the third relay K3 and the fourth relay K4.
  • the on/off states of the fifth relay K5 and the sixth relay K6 can also be consistent, and whether the charging circuit is turned on or not can be determined by adjusting the on/off of the fifth relay K5 and the sixth relay K6.
  • the second relay K2 to the sixth relay K6 are all turned off, so that the charging circuit and the discharging circuit are all in the disconnected state, so as to ensure that the battery pack does not communicate with the outside world when the battery pack is self-heating. High pressure connection.
  • the above-mentioned high voltage control circuit 31 also includes a second maintenance switch 37, the second maintenance switch 37 is connected to the negative common terminal of the battery pack, and is also connected to the common terminal of the fourth relay K4 and the fifth relay K5 .
  • both the above-mentioned first maintenance switch 24 and the second maintenance switch 37 may be manual maintenance switches. Through the setting of the second maintenance switch 37, it is convenient to disconnect the second maintenance switch 37 when the high-voltage system fails, so as to provide protection for maintenance personnel.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种自加热控制电路和系统，该电路包括：控制模块，用于获取并联的两个电池组的电芯温度，在所述电芯温度低于阈值时，发出触发信号；第一开关模块，设置在第一电池组的充放电回路上，其控制端与所述控制模块连接，用于在接收到所述触发信号时，切断所述充放电回路，所述电池组包括所述第一电池组；激励模块，用于在所述充放电回路切断时，与两个所述电池组形成通路，并产生激励电流，使所述激励电流在两个所述电池组间往复流动。

Description

自加热控制电路和系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2021年10月29日提交的名称为“自加热控制电路和系统”的中国专利申请202122629084.3的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种自加热控制电路和系统。
背景技术
近年来，新能源汽车以其高的能量转换率，舒适的驾驶体验及温室气体的零排放等优点在全球范围内得到了长足的发展。但当新能源汽车处于低温环境时，需要对汽车内的动力电池进行加热。目前相关技术主要通过电池连接加热装置，实现热传递，使电池加热，但这种方式加热能耗大。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种自加热控制电路和系统，旨在提供一种加热能耗小的电池加热方式。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种自加热控制电路，包括：
控制模块，用于获取并联的两个电池组的电芯温度，在电芯温度低于阈值时，发出触发信号；
第一开关模块，设置在第一电池组的充放电回路上，其控制端与控制模块连接，用于在接收到触发信号时，切断充放电回路，电池组包括第一电池组；
激励模块，用于在充放电回路切断时，与两个电池组形成通路，并产生激励电流，使激励电流在两个电池组间往复流动。
如此设置，在电芯温度低于阈值时，两个电池组之间存在电流流动，从而使电池组内部发热，实现自加热，相比于传统的热传递外部加热方式，加热能耗低，由此提供了一种加热能耗小的电池加热方式。
由于内部自加热的方式所需能耗较低，因此也减少了电池加热技术对充电时间和电池续航的影响。相同温度条件下，电池自加热的方案相比相关技术提升了电池续航，充电时间更短，且不需要对电池组内部做改进，降低了成本，简单方便。
可选地，电池组还包括第二电池组；第一开关模块包括：
第一继电器，其第一端与第一电池组的第一极连接，第二端与第二电池组的第一极连接，控制端与控制模块连接。
通过第一继电器的设置给出了第一开关模块的可选结构，帮助在电芯温度过低时，及时改变充放电回路的状态，为激励模块促进电池组自加热做准备。
可选地，激励模块的第一端与第一继电器的第一端连接，激励模块的第二端与第一继电器的第二端连接，激励模块的第三端与第一电池组的第二极连接。
在这些示例中，通过第一继电器配合激励模块的连接结构，给出了并联的两个电池组如何从正常充放电切换为与激励模块形成通路，为激励模块促进电池组自加热提供了硬件基础。
可选地，激励模块包括储能单元、与第一电池组的第一极连接的第一开关、与第二电池组的第一极连接的第二开关以及均与第一电池组的第二极连接的第三开关和第四开关；
储能单元，与第一开关和第三开关的公共端以及第二开关和第四开关的公共端连接；
第一开关、第二开关、第三开关以及第四开关的控制端均与控制模块连接，且第一开关和第四开关的导通时序与第二开关和第三开关的导通时序不一致。
在本实施例中，给出了激励模块的结构组成，结合控制模块向四个开关的时序控制，使激励模块内部产生了振荡激励电流，结构简单，帮助电池组实现了自加热，热量损耗大幅减小，电池组加热效率高，且不需要改动电池组内部结构，兼容性好。
可选地，储能单元为电感或电容。
可选地，第一开关、第二开关、第三开关和第四开关为MOS管和绝缘栅双极型晶体管中的一者。
可选地，电路还包括第一壳体，控制模块、第一开关模块和激励模块容置于第一壳体内。
通过第一壳体的设置，能够避免内部电路受到外界干扰，利于电路集成。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种自加热控制系统，包括：
并联的两个电池组；
以及如第一方面的自加热控制电路。
可选地，系统还包括高压控制电路；高压控制电路包括第一接口、用电接口、充电接口和第二开关模块；
第二开关模块，经第一接口与两个电池组的公共端连接，经用电接口接入用电装置，经充电接口接入充电装置；
第二开关模块，用于在经用电接口接收到用电信号时，控制两个电池组与用电装置之间形成放电回路；
第二开关模块，还用于在经充电接口接收到充电信号时，控制两个电池组与充电装置之间形成充电回路；
第二开关模块，还用于在接收到触发信号时，控制充电回路和放电回路关断。
在本实施例中，可以通过第二开关模块接收到的不同信号，即用电信号、充电信号或触发信号，借助开关控制，导通电池组与不同装置/模块之间的回路，实现高压用电切换。
可选地，每个电池组包括串联的多个电芯以及串接在电芯之间的第一维修开关。
由此可以手动切断电池组的高压主回路，实现另一电池组的独立工作，第一维修开关的设置能为维修人员提供安全保护。
在本申请实施例中，通过在电池组的电芯温度低于阈值时，触发第一开关模块切断第一电池组的充放电回路，使激励模块与两个电池组之间形成通路。而激励模块在此时产生激励电流，使激励电流在电池组间往复流动。如此设置，在电芯温度低于阈值时，两个电池组之间存在电流流动，从而使电池组发热，实现自加热，相比于传统的热传递外部加热方式，加热能耗低，由此提供了一种加热能耗小的电池加热方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例中自加热控制电路的一种结构框图；
图2是本申请实施例中自加热控制电路的一种电路结构示意图；
图3是本申请实施例中自加热控制电路的另一种电路结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例中自加热控制系统的一种电路结构示意图；
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：控制模块11、第一开关模块12、激励模块13、第一壳体14、第一电池组21、第二电池组22、电芯23、第一维修开关24、第一继电器K1、第二继电器K2、第三继电器K3、第四继电器K4、第五继电器K5、第六继电器K6、第一开关单元Q1、第二开关单元Q2、第三开关单元Q3、第四开关单元Q4、储能单元L、预充组件R、高压控制电路31、第二开关模块32、第一接口33、用电接口34、充电接口35、电流传感器36、第二维修开关37、第二壳体38、第一正向接口41、第二正向接口42、第一负向接口43、第二负向接口44、第三正向接口45、第四正向接口46、第三负向接口47、第四负向接口48。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例 如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在新能源领域中，动力电池可作为用电装置(例如车辆、船舶或航天器等)的主要动力源，而储能电池可作为用电装置的充电来源，二者的重要性均不言而喻。作为示例而非限定，在一些应用场景中，动力电池可为用电装置中的电池，储能电池可为充电装置中的电池。为了便于描述，在下文中，动力电池和储能电池均可统称为电池。
目前，市面上的电池多为可充电的蓄电池，最常见的是锂电池，例如锂离子电池或锂离子聚合物电池等等。但在电池充电时，其充电功率受外界环境温度影响，温度过低的情况下，充电功率降低，甚至电池可能出现停止充电的情况。为了解决这一问题，出现了电池加热技术。
相关技术通常是通过电池连接加热膜形成加热回路，而加热膜进一步贴附在电池包内部的电芯表面，通过加热回路运行，使加热膜产生热量热传递至电芯，从而实现电池加热。
但本申请的发明人发现使用加热膜贴附在电芯表面的加热技术，其实质是一种外部加热方案，这种外部加热方案的热传递过程存在损耗，进而使得电池加热速率慢，加热损耗较大。此外，由于加热损耗较大，使得电池电能大量消耗在自身加热上，因此外部加热方案还导致了电池在外部环境温度较低的情况下，充电时间长、电池续航短。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提出一种自加热控制电路和系统，通过在电池组的电芯温度低于阈值时，触发第一开关模块切断第一电池组的充放电回路，使激励模块与两个电池组之间形成通路。而激励模块在此时产生激励电流，使激励电流在两个电池组间往复流动。
如此设置，在电芯温度低于阈值时，两个电池组之间存在电流流动，从而使电池组内部发热，实现自加热，相比于传统的热传递外部加热方式，加热能耗低，由此提供了一种加热能耗小的电池加热方式。
由于内部自加热的方式所需能耗较低，因此也减少了电池加热技术对充电时间和电池续航的影响。相同温度条件下，电池自加热的方案相比 相关技术提升了电池续航，充电时间更短，且不需要对电池组内部做改进，降低了成本，简单方便。
需要说明的是，上述提及的一种自加热控制电路，可以与电池连接后，设置在用电装置中。其中用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。
参看图1，在一些实施例中，该自加热控制电路可以包括控制模块11、第一开关模块12和激励模块13。
其中，控制模块11，可以用于获取并联的两个电池组的电芯温度，在电芯温度低于阈值时，发出触发信号。
上述控制模块11可以是电池组的BMS(Battery Management System，电池管理系统)，或者，在用电装置为车辆时，控制模块11还可以是电池组所在车辆的VCU(Vehicle Control Unit，整车控制器)。控制模块11还可以是独立的控制芯片，该控制芯片可以与电池组内的BMS或温度传感器连接，通过对应连接的BMS或温度传感器获得电芯温度，本申请对此不做特殊限定。
上述控制模块11还可以由VCU和可以发送触发信号的控制单元，或者，BMS和控制单元共同组成，对应由VCU/BMS确定电芯温度是否低于阈值，在电芯温度低于阈值时，向控制单元发送电信号，使控制单元发送触发信号给第一开关模块12。
上述阈值可以根据电池组中电芯的最佳充电功率所对应的温度范围确定，或者，上述阈值可以根据电芯无法执行充电操作的临界温度值进行设置。
示例性的，最佳充电功率对应的温度范围是[a，b]，则阈值可以设置为a。
示例性的，临界温度值为c摄氏度，则阈值可以设置为c摄氏度，当然，阈值还可以是c上下浮动一定范围。
还需要说明的是，在本申请的方案中，对于电芯温度以及电芯温度结合阈值的比较，主要强调的是通过控制模块11以及相关硬件连接的结构实现设计，对于可能涉及的软件实现过程在本申请中没有变动，可以参 考本领域相关技术进行设计。
可以是1个电池组的电芯温度低于阈值时，发出触发信号；也可以是所有电池组的电芯温度均低于阈值，发出触发信号。
第一开关模块12，设置在第一电池组21的充放电回路上，第一开关模块12的控制端与控制模块11连接。第一开关模块12可以在接收到触发信号时关断，从而切断充放电回路，两个电池组包括上述第一电池组21。
激励模块13，可以用于在充放电回路切断时，与两个电池组形成通路，并产生激励电流，使激励电流在两个电池组间往复流动。
在本申请实施例中，通过在电池组的电芯温度低于阈值时，触发第一开关模块12切断第一电池组21的充放电回路，使激励模块13与两个电池组之间形成通路。而激励模块13在此时产生激励电流，使激励电流在两个电池组间往复流动。如此设置，在电芯温度低于阈值时，两个电池组之间存在电流流动，从而使电池组发热，实现自加热，相比于传统的热传递外部加热方式，加热能耗低，由此提供了一种加热能耗小的电池加热方式。
由于内部自加热的方式所需能耗较低，因此也减少了电池加热技术对充电时间和电池续航的影响。相同温度条件下，电池自加热的方案相比相关技术提升了电池续航，充电时间更短，且不需要对电池组内部做改进，降低了成本，简单方便。
具体来说，在该实施例中，在第一开关模块12未接收到触发信号时，两个电池组可以共同作为动力电池向用电装置供电，或者，可以接收充电装置的充电信号进行充电。即两个电池组在电芯温度正常的情况下，与用电装置或充电装置形成回路，这条回路在电池充电或放电阶段是共用的，又称为充放电回路。
在第一开关模块12接收到控制模块11发送的触发信号时，表征电池组中电芯温度过低，需要对电池组加热。由此第一开关模块12关断，使第一电池组21的充放电回路切断，使激励模块13从未接入回路转而与两个电池组形成通路。
而激励模块13在与两个电池组形成通路时，内部产生了激励电流，激励电流能够在两个电池组之间往复流动，由此使得电池组因内部电流流动，电芯自发热，形成了电池在低温环境下自加热现象。由于是内部电流流动所导致的电芯自发热现象，相比于使用加热膜的外部贴附加热方式，热量损耗大幅减小，且不需要改动电池组内部结构，电池组加热效率高，兼容性好。
请一并参看图1和图2，需要说明的是，两个电池组除第一电池组21以外，另一电池组为第二电池组22。基于前述结构，在一可选示例中，第一开关模块12可以包括第一继电器K1。或者，第一开关模块12也可以为某些复合型开关，例如用多个MOS管并联组成。
以第一继电器K1为例进行举例说明，其他第一开关模块12的连接关系也可以参考设置，第一继电器K1的第一端可以与第一电池组21的第一极连接，第一继电器K1的第二端可以与第二电池组22的第一极连接，第一继电器K1的控制端可以与控制模块11连接。
上述第一继电器K1可以为常闭继电器，其第一端和第二端为第一继电器K1的两个常闭触点，在未经控制端接收到信号时，保持常闭状态，第一电池组21的充放电回路此时可以正常使用。
在经控制端接收到触发信号时，常闭触点打开，第一继电器K1的常闭状态转为打开状态，由此切断了第一电池组21的充放电回路，第一电池组21不能继续充电/放电，转而通过激励模块13进入自加热状态。
通过第一继电器K1的设置给出了第一开关模块12的可选结构，帮助在电芯23温度过低时，及时改变充放电回路的状态，为激励模块13促进电池组自加热做准备。
请继续参考图1和图2，在另一可选示例中，在设置了第一继电器K1的基础上，激励模块13的第一端可以与第一继电器K1的第一端连接，激励模块13的第二端可以与第一继电器K1的第二端连接，激励模块13的第三端可以与第一电池组21的第二极连接。
需要说明的是，本申请图1至图3以第一电池组21的第一极和第二电池组22的第一极均为正极，第二极均为负极进行示例说明，上述第 一电池组21的第一极和第二电池组22的第一极也可以为负极，对应第二极为正极。
参看图2所示，第一继电器K1打开后，第一电池组21经第一电池组21的正极、激励模块13的第一端、激励模块13的第三端至第一电池组21的负极形成通路，第二电池组22经第二电池组22的正极、激励模块13的第二端、激励模块13的第三端、第二电池组22与第一电池组21连接的负极公共端至第二电池组22的负极形成通路。
在这些示例中，通过第一继电器K1配合激励模块13的连接结构，给出了并联的两个电池组如何从正常充放电切换为与激励模块13形成通路，为激励模块13促进电池组自加热提供了硬件基础。
请继续参考图1和图3，其中图3示出了自加热控制电路的另一实施例的结构示意图，激励模块13可以包括储能单元L、第一开关单元Q1、第二开关单元Q2、第三开关单元Q3和第四开关单元Q4。
第一开关单元Q1可以与第一电池组21的第一极连接，第二开关单元Q2可以与第二电池组22的第一极连接，第三开关单元Q3可以与第一电池组21的第二极连接，第四开关单元Q4也可以与第一电池组21的第二极连接。
第一开关单元Q1和第三开关单元Q3的公共端，以及第二开关单元Q2和第四开关单元Q4的公共端还可以与储能单元L连接。
第一开关单元Q1、第二开关单元Q2、第三开关单元Q3以及第四开关单元Q4的控制端均与控制模块11连接，且第一开关单元Q1和第四开关单元Q4的导通时序与第二开关单元Q2和第三开关单元Q3的导通时序不一致。
需要说明的是，上述储能单元L可以为电感，还可以为电容等储能元件。
上述第一开关单元Q1、第二开关单元Q2、第三开关单元Q3和第四开关单元Q4可以根据实际需要进行设置，可以为MOS管，例如PMOS管，可以为IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，绝缘栅双极型晶体管)，也可以为三极管，二极管的组合，或者其他集成开关芯片，只要能 够实现本实施例的开关切换，为激励模块13与电池组间形成通路，实现电流激励即可。
在该实施例中，第一开关单元Q1、第四开关单元Q4和储能单元L连接于第一电池组21所在通路上，第二开关单元Q2、第三开关单元Q3和储能单元L连接于第二电池组22所在通路上。由于第一开关单元Q1、第四开关单元Q4与第二开关单元Q2、第三开关单元Q3的导通时序不同，第一开关单元Q1、第四开关单元Q4和第二开关单元Q2、第三开关单元Q3可以依据时序控制，周期性切换开关状态，即在第一周期内第一开关单元Q1和第四开关单元Q4导通，第二开关单元Q2和第三开关单元Q3关断，在第二周期内第一开关单元Q1和第四开关单元Q4关断，第二开关单元Q2和第三开关单元Q3导通，第一周期和第二周期交替出现，进而使储能单元L不断充电放电，激励模块13与两个电池组的通路间的电流方向不断变化，电流在两个电池组之间往复流动，进而使得电池组内电芯自发热，由此实现了电池组在低温环境下的自加热。
在本实施例中，给出了激励模块13的结构组成，结合控制模块11向四个开关单元的时序控制，使激励模块13内部产生了振荡激励电流，结构简单，帮助电池组实现了自加热，热量损耗大幅减小，电池组加热效率高，且不需要改动电池组内部结构，兼容性好。
请继续参看图1至图3，除上述结构外，在自加热控制电路的又一实施例中，该电路还包括第一壳体14，控制模块11、第一开关模块12和激励模块13可以容置于第一壳体14。通过第一壳体14的设置，能够避免内部电路受到外界干扰，利于电路集成。
在此基础上，第一壳体14上还可以设置八个高压接口，图3中壳体左侧的四个接口可以方便与电池组连接，右侧的四个接口可以方便电池组正负极的接出，方便接入用电装置例如电机、空调等或充电装置例如充电桩。
其中，左侧的四个接口分别是第一正向接口41、第二正向接口42、第一负向接口43、第二负向接口44，对应连接第二电池组22的正极、第一电池组21的正极、第一电池组21的负极、第二电池组22的负 极。
右侧的四个接口分别是第三正向接口45、第四正向接口46、第三负向接口47、第四负向接口48。
在第一壳体14内部，第一正向接口41与第三正向接口45可以通过高压线束连接，第二正向接口42经过高压线束与第一继电器K1连接后，经第四正向接口46接出。
第一负向接口43则通过高压线束连接第三负向接口47，第二负向接口44通过高压线束连接第四负向接口48。激励模块13的第三端可以连接第一负向接口43和第三负向接口47。
还需要说明的是，右侧的四个接口在两个电池组与激励模块13形成通路时，可以是第三正向接口45与第四正向接口46连接，第三负向接口47与第四负向接口48连接，同时右侧的四个接口均断开与用电装置和充电装置的连通，保证电池自加热时电池组不与外界高压连通。
通过第一壳体14以及接口的设置，使得电池组的接口和高压线束均是复用的，自加热控制电路能够快速接入电池组，同时不影响电池组的正常供电或放电，方便实现快速切换。
上文结合图1至3，详细描述了本申请实施例的自加热控制电路。在此基础上，本申请实施例还提供一种自加热控制系统，该系统包括两个电池组以及上述实施例所提供的自加热控制电路，因此自加热控制系统具有上述自加热控制电路的全部有益效果。
请参看图4，基于上述结构，提出本申请自加热控制系统的另一实施例，在该实施例中，上述每个电池组可以包括串联的多个电芯23以及串接在电芯23之间的第一维修开关24。第一维修开关24可以放置在电池组的正极至电池组的负极之间的任意位置，由此可以手动切断电池组的高压主回路，实现另一电池组的独立工作，第一维修开关24的设置能为维修人员提供安全保护。
为了给电池组提供稳定的高压系统，在另一实施例中，请继续参看图4，除上述结构外，系统还包括高压控制电路31。
高压控制电路31可以包括第二开关模块32、第一接口33、用电接 口34和充电接口35；其中，第二开关模块32，经第一接口33与两个电池组的公共端连接，经用电接口34接入用电装置，经充电接口35接入充电装置，用电装置和充电装置在图中未示。
第二开关模块32，可以用于在经用电接口34接收到用电信号时，控制两个电池组与用电装置之间形成放电回路。
第二开关模块32，还可以用于在经充电接口35接收到充电信号时，控制两个电池组与充电装置之间形成充电回路。
第二开关模块32，还可以用于在接收到触发信号时，控制充电回路和放电回路关断。
上述第二开关模块32可以设置于第二壳体38内，第二壳体38上开设槽口，并安装有第一接口33、用电接口34和充电接口35。通过第二壳体38的容纳设计，方便实现高压控制回路的切换，保证用电安全。
其中，第一接口33可以有四个，四个第一接口33分别连接第三正向接口45、第四正向接口46、第三负向接口47、第四负向接口48。用电接口34可以有两个，分别连接用电装置的正负极。充电接口35也可以有两个，分别连接直流充电装置的正负极。
还需要说明的是，连接第三正向接口45和第四正向接口46的两个第一接口33还可以通过高压线束在第二壳体38内部连接，使两个电池组的正极连接，形成电池组的正向公共端。电池组的负向公共端的形成亦是如此，在此不过多赘述。
高压控制电路31还可以包括两个电流传感器36，两个电流传感器36可以分别连接在第一电池组21和第二电池组22的正向充放电回路上，由此实现高压下的电流检测，避免启动瞬间电流过大损坏回路中的器件。
在本实施例中，可以通过第二开关模块32接收到的不同信号，即用电信号、充电信号或触发信号，借助开关控制，导通电池组与不同装置/模块之间的回路，实现高压用电切换。
请继续参考图4，上述第二开关模块32可以包括第二继电器K2、第三继电器K3、第四继电器K4、第五继电器K5和第六继电器K6，其 中第二继电器K2还与预充组件R串联，该预充组件R例如可以为预充电阻，其串联所形成的支路与第三继电器K3并联。
第三继电器K3的第一端连接两个电池组的正向公共端，第二端通过用电接口34连接用电装置的正极。第四继电器K4的第一端连接两个电池组的负向公共端，第二端通过用电接口34连接用电设备的负极。
第五继电器K5的第一端连接两个电池组的正向公共端，第二端通过充电接口35连接直流充电装置的正极。第六继电器K6的第一端连接两个电池组的负向公共端，第二端通过充电接口35连接直流充电装置的负极。
需要说明的是，在两个电池组向用电装置放电的初始阶段，第二继电器K2和第四继电器K4导通，在导通一段时间后，第二继电器K2关断，第三继电器K3导通，由此通过预充电阻的串联设置，防止因瞬态电流过大损毁用电装置，提升用电安全。
除启动瞬间，第三继电器K3和第四继电器K4的导通/关断状态可以一致，通过调整第三继电器K3和第四继电器K4的通断可以决定放电回路是否导通。第五继电器K5和第六继电器K6的导通/关断状态也可以一致，通过调整第五继电器K5和第六继电器K6的通断可以决定充电回路是否导通。
此外，在电芯23温度低于阈值时，第二继电器K2至第六继电器K6均关断，使充电回路和放电回路均处于断开状态，保证在电池组自加热时，电池组不与外界高压连通。
还需要说明的是，上述高压控制电路31还包括第二维修开关37，该第二维修开关37与电池组的负向公共端连接，还与第四继电器K4以及第五继电器K5的公共端连接。需要说明的是，上述第一维修开关24和第二维修开关37均可以为手动维修开关。通过第二维修开关37的设置，方便高压系统出现故障时，断开第二维修开关37，为检修人员提供保护。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的 部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种自加热控制电路，包括：
    控制模块(11)，用于获取并联的两个电池组的电芯温度，在所述电芯温度低于阈值时，发出触发信号；
    第一开关模块(12)，设置在第一电池组(21)的充放电回路上，其控制端与所述控制模块(11)连接，用于在接收到所述触发信号时，切断所述充放电回路，所述电池组包括所述第一电池组(21)；
    激励模块(13)，用于在所述充放电回路切断时，与两个所述电池组形成通路，并产生激励电流，使所述激励电流在两个所述电池组间往复流动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述电池组还包括第二电池组(22)；所述第一开关模块(12，其第一端与所述第一电池组(21)的第一极连接，第二端与所述第二电池组(22)的第一极连接，控制端与所述控制模块(11)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电路，其中，所述激励模块(13)的第一端与所述第一开关模块(12)的第一端连接，所述激励模块(13)的第二端与所述第一开关模块(12)的第二端连接，所述激励模块(13)的第三端与所述第一电池组(21)的第二极连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电路，其中，所述激励模块(13)包括储能单元(L)、与所述第一电池组(21)的第一极连接的第一开关单元(Q1)、与所述第二电池组(22)的第一极连接的第二开关单元(Q2)以及均与所述第一电池组(21)的第二极连接的第三开关单元(Q3)和第四开关单元(Q4)；
    所述储能单元(L)，与所述第一开关单元(Q1)和所述第三开关单元(Q3)的公共端以及所述第二开关单元(Q2)和所述第四开关单元(Q4)的公共端连接；
    所述第一开关单元(Q1)、所述第二开关单元(Q2)、所述第三开关单元(Q3)以及所述第四开关单元(Q4)的控制端均与所述控制模块(11)连接，且所述第一开关单元(Q1)和所述第四开关单元(Q4)的导通时序与所述第二开关单元(Q2)和所述第三开关单元(Q3)的导通时序不一致。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电路，其中，在第一周期内所述第一开关单元(Q1)和所述第四开关单元(Q4)导通，所述第二开关单元(Q2)和所述第三开关单元(Q3)关断；
    在第二周期内所述第一开关单元(Q1)和所述第四开关单元(Q4)关断，所述第二开关单元(Q2)和所述第三开关单元(Q3)导通；
    所述第一周期和所述第二周期交替出现。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电路，其中，所述储能单元(L)为电感或电容。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的电路，其中，所述第一开关单元(Q1)、所述第二开关单元(Q2)、所述第三开关单元(Q3)和所述第四开关单元(Q4)中的至少一者为开关，所述开关为MOS管和绝缘栅双极型晶体管中的一者。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电路，其中，所述电路还包括第一壳体(14)，所述控制模块(11)、所述第一开关模块(12)和所述激励模块(13)容置于所述第一壳体(14)内。
  9. 一种自加热控制系统，包括：
    并联的两个电池组；
    以及如权利要求1-8任一项所述的自加热控制电路。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，所述系统还包括高压控制电路(31)；所述高压控制电路(31)包括第一接口(33)、用电接口(34)、充电接口(35)和第二开关模块(32)；
    所述第二开关模块(32)，经所述第一接口(33)与两个所述电池组的公共端连接，经所述用电接口(34)接入用电装置，经充电接口(35)接入充电装置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第二开关模块(32)，用于在经所述用电接口(34)接收到用电信号时，控制两个所述电池组与所述用电装置之间形成放电回路；
    所述第二开关模块(32)，还用于在接收到所述触发信号时，控制所述放电回路关断。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的系统，其中，所述第二开关模块(32)，还用于在经所述充电接口(35)接收到充电信号时，控制两个所述电池组与所述充电装置之间形成充电回路；
    所述第二开关模块(32)，还用于在接收到所述触发信号时，控制所述充电回路关断。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12任一项所述的系统，其中，每个所述电池组包括串联的多个电芯(23)以及串接在所述电芯(23)之间的第一维修开关(24)。
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