WO2023077861A1 - 储能系统的充放电控制方法、装置、控制器和储能系统 - Google Patents

储能系统的充放电控制方法、装置、控制器和储能系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023077861A1
WO2023077861A1 PCT/CN2022/105738 CN2022105738W WO2023077861A1 WO 2023077861 A1 WO2023077861 A1 WO 2023077861A1 CN 2022105738 W CN2022105738 W CN 2022105738W WO 2023077861 A1 WO2023077861 A1 WO 2023077861A1
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Prior art keywords
charging
power
discharging
preset
battery capacity
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PCT/CN2022/105738
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李恒
李伟进
陈金奇
林运楷
曾安
杨婵
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Priority to US18/700,060 priority Critical patent/US20250239877A1/en
Priority to EP22888896.2A priority patent/EP4429066A4/en
Priority to AU2022383233A priority patent/AU2022383233A1/en
Publication of WO2023077861A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023077861A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/933—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/46—Controlling the sharing of generated power between the generators, sources or networks
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of active power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/855—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/865—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of energy storage, and in particular to a charging and discharging control method, device, controller and energy storage system for an energy storage system.
  • EMS Energy management system
  • PCS Power Conversion System, energy storage converter
  • BMS Battery Management System, battery management system
  • the present disclosure provides a charging and discharging control method, device, controller and energy storage system of an energy storage system, so as to solve the problems of equipment loss and charging cost increase caused by a sudden increase in power during the charging and discharging process of PCS, as well as the charging and discharging process. Battery protection issues.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging and discharging control method for an energy storage system, which includes:
  • the actual charge and discharge power is determined based on the target charge and discharge power; wherein, the preset charge and discharge strategy takes the operating state and operating parameters of the energy storage system as consideration factors;
  • the actual charging and discharging power is multiplied by a preset percentage and then sent to the energy storage converter for execution; wherein, the preset percentage is greater than zero and less than 100%;
  • the actual charging and discharging power is sent to the energy storage converter for execution.
  • the actual charging and discharging power is sent to the energy storage converter for execution, including:
  • the determining the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power according to the preset charging and discharging strategy includes:
  • the actual charging and discharging power is determined according to the target charging and discharging power and the power coefficient.
  • the determining the power coefficient according to the state of charge and discharge to be performed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity includes:
  • the charge and discharge state to be executed is a discharge state and a load is currently connected, then calculate the power ratio of the power of the connected load to the target charge and discharge power;
  • the power coefficient is determined based on the power ratio and the correction coefficient.
  • the determining the power coefficient according to the state of charge and discharge to be performed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity includes:
  • the charging and discharging state to be executed is the discharging state and no load is currently connected, or the charging and discharging state to be executed is the charging state, then determine the interval of the current battery capacity, and determine the correction of the power coefficient according to the interval of the current battery capacity coefficient;
  • the power coefficient is determined.
  • the determining the correction coefficient of the power coefficient according to the interval of the current battery capacity includes:
  • the discharging state When the charging and discharging state to be executed is the discharging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the first preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 0; if the current battery capacity is between the first preset capacity and the second preset capacity If the current battery capacity is greater than the second preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 1.
  • the determining the correction coefficient of the power coefficient according to the interval of the current battery capacity includes:
  • the charging and discharging state to be performed is the charging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the third preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 1; if the current battery capacity is between the third preset capacity and the fourth preset capacity If the current battery capacity is greater than the fourth preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 0.
  • the determining the power coefficient according to the state of charge and discharge to be performed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity includes:
  • the preset percentage is 70%.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a charging and discharging control device for an energy storage system, which includes:
  • An acquisition module configured to acquire the set target charging and discharging power
  • a determining module configured to determine the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power according to a preset charging and discharging strategy
  • a sending module configured to multiply the actual charging and discharging power by a preset percentage and send it to the energy storage converter for execution, and send the actual charging and discharging power to the energy storage converter for execution after a preset time; wherein , the preset percentage is greater than zero and less than 100%.
  • the sending module is further configured to make the determining module re-determine the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power according to the preset charging and discharging strategy after a preset time, and sending the re-determined actual charging and discharging power to the energy storage converter for execution.
  • the determination module is used to determine the power coefficient according to the charging and discharging state to be performed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity; determine the actual charging and discharging power according to the target charging and discharging power and the power coefficient .
  • the determining module is configured to: if the charging and discharging state to be performed is a discharging state and a load is currently connected, calculate the power ratio of the connected load to the target charging and discharging power; determine the current The interval of the battery capacity is located, and the correction coefficient of the power coefficient is determined according to the interval of the current battery capacity; the power coefficient is determined according to the power ratio and the correction coefficient.
  • the determining module is configured to: if the charge and discharge state to be performed is a discharge state and the load is not currently connected, or if the charge and discharge state to be performed is a charge state, then determine the current interval of the battery capacity, and The correction coefficient of the power coefficient is determined according to the interval of the current battery capacity; and the power coefficient is determined according to the correction coefficient.
  • the determination module is used to:
  • the discharging state When the charging and discharging state to be executed is the discharging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the first preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 0; if the current battery capacity is between the first preset capacity and the second preset capacity If the current battery capacity is greater than the second preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 1.
  • the determination module is used to:
  • the charging and discharging state to be performed is the charging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the third preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 1; if the current battery capacity is between the third preset capacity and the fourth preset capacity If the current battery capacity is greater than the fourth preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 0.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a controller for an energy storage system, which includes:
  • the memory is used to store a program, and the program is at least used to implement the method described in any one embodiment of the first aspect;
  • the processor is used to call and execute the program stored in the memory.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an energy storage system, which includes the controller of the energy storage system described in the third aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a computer-readable storage medium, including computer program instructions, where the computer program instructions implement the method described in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments when executed by a processor.
  • the preset charging and discharging strategy after obtaining the set target charging and discharging power, according to the preset charging and discharging strategy, first determine the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power, and multiply the actual charging and discharging power by the preset The percentage (greater than zero and less than 100%) is sent to the energy storage converter for execution; after a preset time, the actual charging and discharging power is sent to the energy storage converter for execution.
  • the operation of the energy storage converter is controlled according to the strategy of step charging and discharging, that is, the energy storage converter is only operated according to a certain percentage of the actual charging and discharging power at the beginning, and then according to the complete actual charging and discharging power Power operation, so as to avoid problems such as equipment loss caused by power surge in a short period of time.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a charge and discharge control method for an energy storage system provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a charge and discharge control method for an energy storage system provided by other embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging and discharging control device for an energy storage system provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller of an energy storage system provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides an energy storage system A charging and discharging control method, a control device, a controller and an energy storage system applying the method.
  • the corresponding actual charge and discharge power is determined based on the target charge and discharge power set by the upper layer and the operating status and operating parameters of the energy storage system, so as to avoid that the charge and discharge power does not meet the system state and realize the protection of components such as batteries;
  • the operation of the energy storage converter is controlled based on the ladder charging and discharging strategy, so that problems such as equipment loss caused by a short-term power surge can be avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a charging and discharging control method for an energy storage system provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the energy storage system mainly includes upper-layer control equipment (such as server or touch screen equipment, etc.), BMS (battery management system), PCS (energy storage converter) and load (load) and other equipment modules.
  • the controller executes.
  • the method at least includes the following steps:
  • the target charging and discharging power is sent to the controller by the upper control device, for example, it is set by the user through the touch screen device, or it is determined by the server according to the pre-configured strategy and sent to the controller. controller etc.
  • S102 According to the preset charging and discharging strategy, determine the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power; wherein, the preset charging and discharging strategy takes the operating state and operating parameters of the energy storage system as considerations.
  • the obtained target charging and discharging power may not match the actual state of the energy storage system and other factors. If the system directly controls the operation of the PCS according to the obtained target charging and discharging power, it may cause damage to the battery or other equipment. Therefore, in this step, the operating state and operating parameters of the energy storage system are considered as factors, and a reasonable actual charging and discharging power is re-determined on the basis of the target charging and discharging power.
  • the operating state and operating parameters of the energy storage system include: the charging and discharging state to be executed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity (state of charge, SOC).
  • the state of charging and discharging to be performed includes a state of charging, a state of discharging, and a state of stopping charging and discharging.
  • SOC state of charge
  • step S102 includes: determining the power coefficient according to the charging and discharging state to be performed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity; determining the actual charging and discharging power according to the target charging and discharging power and the power coefficient power.
  • the power coefficient is determined according to the state of charging and discharging to be performed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity.
  • the power coefficient is used to correct the set target charging and discharging power, so as to obtain the actual charging and discharging that can meet the system requirements. Power, and then realize the protection of the battery and other components, such as avoiding problems such as overcharging and over-discharging.
  • the actual charging and discharging power directly adopts the product of the target charging and discharging power and the power coefficient, or further introduces other coefficients.
  • the following introduces some implementations of the step of determining the power coefficient according to the state of charging and discharging to be performed, whether the load is currently connected, and the current battery capacity.
  • the charge and discharge state to be executed is the discharge state and the load is currently connected, calculate the power ratio of the connected load power to the target charge and discharge power; determine the current battery capacity interval, and according to The correction coefficient of the power coefficient is determined in the range where the current battery capacity is; and the power coefficient is determined according to the power ratio and the correction coefficient.
  • the power of the connected load (referring to the sum of the power of all connected loads) Matching to avoid energy waste caused by the calculated actual discharge power being too large relative to the load power or insufficient energy supply caused by the calculated actual discharge power being too small relative to the load power.
  • the ratio of the power of the load to the target charging and discharging power (that is, the power ratio) is used to correlate and match the two; then, in order to protect the battery and prevent the battery from being damaged due to over-discharge, according to the battery's
  • the range of battery capacity is further corrected to obtain the required power coefficient. For example, the product of the aforementioned power ratio and the correction coefficient is used as the power coefficient.
  • the charging and discharging state to be executed is the discharging state and the load is not currently connected, or if the charging and discharging state to be executed is the charging state, then determine the current battery capacity interval, and according to the current battery capacity interval Determine a correction coefficient of the power coefficient; determine the power coefficient according to the correction coefficient. For example, the correction factor is equal to the power factor.
  • the correction coefficient of the power coefficient is only determined according to the current battery capacity interval, and then the power coefficient is further determined. .
  • the correction coefficient of the power coefficient is determined only according to the range of the current battery capacity, and then the power coefficient is further determined.
  • the charging and discharging state to be performed is the discharging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the first preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 0; if the current battery capacity is between the first preset capacity and If the current battery capacity is greater than the second preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 0.5; if the current battery capacity is greater than the second preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 1.
  • the charging and discharging state to be performed is the charging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the third preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 1; if the current battery capacity is within the third preset capacity and the fourth preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 0.5; if the current battery capacity is greater than the fourth preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 0.
  • the correction coefficient is determined to be 0, so as to stop discharging and realize over-discharge protection for the battery.
  • the current battery capacity is between the first preset capacity and the second preset capacity, it indicates that the battery capacity is on the low side, so it is determined that the correction coefficient is 0.5, thereby reducing the discharge power (discharging with half of the normal power) ), prolong the discharge time.
  • the correction coefficient is determined to be 1, so as to discharge at a normal power.
  • the first preset capacity and the second preset capacity are 10% and 15%, respectively.
  • the charging state is similar. If the current battery capacity is less than the third preset capacity, it indicates that the battery is far from being fully charged. Therefore, the correction coefficient is determined to be 1, so as to charge with normal power. And if the current battery capacity is between the third preset capacity and the fourth preset capacity, it indicates that the battery capacity is sufficient and is about to be full, so it is determined that the correction factor is 0.5, thereby reducing the charging power (half of the normal power charging), thereby reducing the cost (when charging, the grid charges based on the charging power). However, if the current battery capacity is greater than the fourth preset capacity, it indicates that the battery is almost fully charged, so the correction coefficient is determined to be 0, thereby stopping charging and realizing overcharge protection for the battery. In some embodiments, the third predetermined capacity and the fourth predetermined capacity are greater than the first predetermined capacity and the second predetermined capacity, for example, 85% and 95%, respectively.
  • S103 Multiply the actual charging and discharging power by a preset percentage and send it to the energy storage converter for execution; wherein, the preset percentage is greater than zero and less than 100%.
  • the actual charging and discharging power obtained in the previous step is multiplied by a preset percentage (greater than 0 and less than 100%, such as 70%), and then sent to the PCS (energy storage converter) for execution, that is, The energy storage converter only operates according to a certain percentage of the actual charging and discharging power, and the system is in a "transitional state" at this time.
  • a preset percentage greater than 0 and less than 100%, such as 70%
  • step S104 the difference between this step S104 and step S103 is that the actual charging and discharging power sent to the energy storage converter is no longer multiplied by the preset percentage, that is, the energy storage converter directly operates according to the actual charging and discharging power.
  • the system fully into normal operation.
  • the PCS since the PCS is currently running based on the power sent by the controller in step S103, when the power changes again, the amount of change is small, that is, there is no problem of power surge. That is, through steps S103-S104, the PCS realizes stepwise charge and discharge (step charge and discharge), avoiding many problems caused by power surge.
  • step S104 specifically includes:
  • the actual charging and discharging power is re-determined based on the target charging and discharging power; and the re-determined actual charging and discharging power is sent to the energy storage converter for execution.
  • step S103 after the system runs for a preset time under the conditions of step S103, parameters such as the interval of the battery capacity may change. Therefore, in order to make the charging and discharging process more reasonable and the power parameters to better match the system state, in some embodiments, the same principle as step S102 is used to re-determine the actual charging and discharging power again, and the re-determined actual charging and discharging power is sent to to the energy storage converter. That is, the re-determined actual charging and discharging power may be the same as or may be different from the actual charging and discharging power determined in step S102.
  • the interval of the battery capacity SOC can be judged regularly, and based on According to the principle of step S102, the actual charging and discharging power is further adjusted to ensure stable, safe and reasonable operation of the system.
  • the operation of the energy storage converter is controlled according to the strategy of step charging and discharging, that is, the energy storage Discharge power operation, so as to avoid equipment loss and other problems caused by power surge in a short period of time.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a charging and discharging control method for an energy storage system provided by other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • load power load > 0 match the power to the power of the load (that is, multiply load/p when calculating the rate), that is, according to the interval of the SOC (battery capacity) (SOC and the first The relative size relationship between a preset capacity of 10% and a second preset capacity of 15%) and the step discharge strategy, first determine the corresponding power coefficient rate, and then further determine the actual charge and discharge power to be delivered to the PCS.
  • SOC battery capacity
  • load If there is no load access (load ⁇ 0), then directly judge the SOC location, and then send the actual charge and discharge power to the PCS for execution according to the SOC location and the ladder charge and discharge strategy (70%) (the principle is the same as when there is a load, The only difference is that there is no need to multiply load/p when calculating the rate).
  • the timer is started, and after a preset time delay, the set target charging and discharging power P is judged according to the range of the SOC and delivered 100% to complete the step charging and discharging strategy.
  • the timer is started to determine the interval of the SOC at regular intervals. According to the interval where the SOC is located, it is judged whether the value obtained by multiplying the actual charge and discharge power determined by the set rate is equal to the current operating power of the PCS.
  • step charging and discharging are realized, avoiding the problem of PCS power surge during charging and discharging, realizing the protection of PCS equipment, and avoiding the revenue problem caused by power problem.
  • the charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the battery capacity status, which protects the BMS, and the charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the actual demand of the load (load), which reduces energy waste.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a charging and discharging control device for an energy storage system.
  • the apparatus is a functional module based on software and/or hardware in the device for performing the above method.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging and discharging control device for an energy storage system provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the device includes:
  • An acquisition module 31 configured to acquire a set target charging and discharging power
  • a determining module 32 configured to determine the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power according to a preset charging and discharging strategy
  • a sending module 33 configured to multiply the actual charging and discharging power by a preset percentage and send it to the energy storage converter for execution, and send the actual charging and discharging power to the energy storage converter for execution after a preset time; Wherein, the preset percentage is greater than zero and less than 100%.
  • the sending module 32 is further configured to enable the determining module 31 to re-determine the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power according to the preset charging and discharging strategy after a preset time. , and send the re-determined actual charging and discharging power to the energy storage converter for execution.
  • the determining module 32 determines the actual charging and discharging power based on the target charging and discharging power according to the preset charging and discharging strategy, it is specifically used to:
  • the actual charging and discharging power is determined according to the target charging and discharging power and the power coefficient.
  • the determination module 32 is specifically used to:
  • the charge and discharge state to be executed is a discharge state and a load is currently connected, then calculate the power ratio of the power of the connected load to the target charge and discharge power;
  • the power coefficient is determined based on the power ratio and the correction coefficient.
  • the determination module 32 is also used to:
  • the charging and discharging state to be executed is a discharging state and no load is currently connected, or the charging and discharging state to be executed is a charging state, then determine the current battery capacity interval, and determine the power coefficient correction coefficient according to the current battery capacity interval;
  • the power coefficient is determined.
  • the determination module 32 determines the correction coefficient of the power coefficient according to the interval of the current battery capacity, it is specifically used to:
  • the discharging state When the charging and discharging state to be executed is the discharging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the first preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 0; if the current battery capacity is between the first preset capacity and the second preset capacity between, then determine that the correction coefficient is 0.5; if the current battery capacity is greater than the second preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 1;
  • the charging and discharging state to be performed is the charging state: if the current battery capacity is less than the third preset capacity, then determine that the correction coefficient is 1; if the current battery capacity is between the third preset capacity and the fourth preset capacity If the current battery capacity is greater than the fourth preset capacity, the correction coefficient is determined to be 0.
  • the determination module 32 is also used to:
  • the preset percentage is 70%.
  • the present disclosure also provides a controller for an energy storage system corresponding to the methods in the above embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a controller of an energy storage system provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the controller includes:
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an energy storage system including the above-mentioned controller.
  • the above-mentioned controller of the energy storage system when applied to the energy storage system, the corresponding control method can be realized.
  • the specific implementation method of the steps executed by the above program reference may be made to the corresponding content of the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.
  • step charging and discharging are realized, avoiding the problem of PCS power surge during charging and discharging, realizing the protection of PCS equipment, and avoiding the revenue problem caused by power problem.
  • the charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the battery capacity status, which protects the BMS, and the charging and discharging power is adjusted according to the actual demand of the load (load), which reduces energy waste.
  • various parts of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • various steps or methods may be implemented by software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system.
  • a suitable instruction execution system For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or combination of the following techniques known in the art: Discrete logic circuits, ASICs with suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated into one processing module, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules. If the integrated modules are realized in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开涉及一种储能系统的充放电控制方法、装置、控制器和储能系统。所述方法包括：获取设定的目标充放电功率；根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率；其中，所述预设充放电策略中以储能系统的运行状态和运行参数作为考虑因素；将所述实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比后发送至储能变流器执行；其中，所述预设百分比大于零且小于100％；预设时间后，将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。

Description

储能系统的充放电控制方法、装置、控制器和储能系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开是以CN申请号为202111292376.0，申请日为2021年11月3日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及储能技术领域，尤其涉及一种储能系统的充放电控制方法、装置、控制器和储能系统。
背景技术
在EMS(Energy management system，能源管理系统)储能系统中，PCS(Power Conversion System，储能变流器)和BMS(Battery Management System，电池管理系统)是重要的部分。
发明内容
本公开提供一种储能系统的充放电控制方法、装置、控制器和储能系统，以解决PCS充放电的过程中功率的突然增加导致的设备损耗和充电成本增加的问题以及充放电过程中对电池的保护问题。
本公开的上述目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种储能系统的充放电控制方法，其包括：
获取设定的目标充放电功率；
根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率；其中，所述预设充放电策略中以储能系统的运行状态和运行参数作为考虑因素；
将所述实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比后发送至储能变流器执行；其中，所述预设百分比大于零且小于100％；
预设时间后，将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
在一些实施例中，所述预设时间后，将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行，包括：
预设时间后，再次根据所述预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率重新确定 所述实际充放电功率；
将所述重新确定的所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
在一些实施例中，所述根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率，包括：
根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数；
根据所述目标充放电功率和所述功率系数确定所述实际充放电功率。
在一些实施例中，所述根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数，包括：
若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前已连接负载，则计算已连接的负载的功率与所述目标充放电功率的功率比；
确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数；
根据所述功率比和所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
在一些实施例中，所述根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定所述功率系数，包括：
若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前未连接负载，或者，待执行的充放电状态为充电状态，则确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数；
根据所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
在一些实施例中，所述根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数，包括：
当待执行的充放电状态为放电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第一预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0；若当前电池容量位于所述第一预设容量和第二预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第二预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1。
在一些实施例中，所述根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数，包括：
当待执行的充放电状态为充电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第三预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1；若当前电池容量位于所述第三预设容量和第四预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第四预设容量，则确定所述修 正系数为0。
在一些实施例中，所述根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数，包括：
若当前待执行的充放电状态为停止充放电，则确定功率系数为0。
在一些实施例中，所述预设百分比为70％。
第二方面，本公开实施例还提供一种储能系统的充放电控制装置，其包括：
获取模块，用于获取设定的目标充放电功率；
确定模块，用于根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率；
发送模块，用于将所述实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比后发送至储能变流器执行，以及在预设时间后将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行；其中，所述预设百分比大于零且小于100％。
在一些实施例中，所述发送模块还用于在预设时间后，使所述确定模块再次根据所述预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率重新确定所述实际充放电功率，并将所述重新确定的所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块用于根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数；根据所述目标充放电功率和所述功率系数确定实际充放电功率。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块用于：若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前已连接负载，则计算已连接的负载的功率与所述目标充放电功率的功率比；确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数；根据所述功率比和所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块用于：若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前未连接负载，或者，待执行的充放电状态为充电状态，则确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数；根据所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块用于：
当待执行的充放电状态为放电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第一预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0；若当前电池容量位于所述第一预设容量和第二预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第二预设容量，则确定所述修 正系数为1。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块用于：
当待执行的充放电状态为充电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第三预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1；若当前电池容量位于所述第三预设容量和第四预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第四预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0。
第三方面，本公开实施例还提供一种储能系统的控制器，其包括：
存储器和与所述存储器相连接的处理器；
所述存储器用于存储程序，所述程序至少用于实现如第一方面任一项实施例所述的方法；
所述处理器用于调用并执行所述存储器存储的所述程序。
第四方面，本公开实施例还提供一种储能系统，其包括第三方面所述的储能系统的控制器。
第五方面，本公开实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机程序指令，其中，所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现上述任意一个实施例所述的方法。
本公开的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
本公开的实施例提供的技术方案中，获取设定的目标充放电功率后，根据预设充放电策略，首先基于目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率，并将实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比(大于零且小于100％)后发送至储能变流器执行；之后在预设时间后，再将实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。如此设置，在获取到设定的目标充放电功率后，首先根据储能系统的运行状态和运行参数等因素确定对应的实际充放电功率，从而可以避免充放电功率不满足系统状态，实现对电池等部件的保护；且按照阶梯充放电的策略控制储能变流器运行，也即，一开始使储能变流器仅按照实际充放电功率的一定百分比运行，之后再按照完全的实际充放电功率运行，从而可以避免功率短时间内飙升导致的设备损耗等问题。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施 例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1为本公开一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的充放电控制方法的流程示意图；
图2为本公开另一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的充放电控制方法的流程示意图；
图3为本公开一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的充放电控制装置的结构示意图；
图4为本公开一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的控制器的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
发明人注意到，对于PCS和BMS的防护做得还是不够充足，PCS充放电的过程中，并未考虑到功率的突然增加导致的设备损耗和充电成本增加等问题，也未考虑到充放电过程中对电池的保护。
为了解决上面提到的问题，也即PCS充放电的过程中功率的突然增加导致的设备损耗和充电成本增加的问题以及充放电过程中对电池的保护问题，本公开提供一种储能系统的充放电控制方法以及应用该方法的控制装置、控制器和储能系统。首先，基于上层设定的目标充放电功率以及储能系统的运行状态和运行参数等因素确定对应的实际充放电功率，从而可以避免充放电功率不满足系统状态，实现对电池等部件的保护；其次，基于阶梯充放电策略控制储能变流器运行，从而可以避免功率短时间内飙升导致的设备损耗等问题。以下通过一些实施例对具体实现方案进行详细说明。
参照图1，图1为本公开一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的充放电控制方法的流程示意图。其中，储能系统主要包括上层控制设备(比如服务器或者触摸屏设备等)、BMS(电池管理系统)、PCS(储能变流器)和load(负载)等设备模块，该方法例如由BMS中的控制器执行。
如图1所示，该方法至少包括以下步骤：
S101：获取设定的目标充放电功率。
在一些实施例中，该目标充放电功率是由上层控制设备下发到控制器的，比如是由用户通过触摸屏设备设定得到的，又比如是由服务器根据预先配置的策略确定并下发到控制器的等等。
S102：根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率；其中，所述预设充放电策略中以储能系统的运行状态和运行参数作为考虑因素。
具体的，获取到的目标充放电功率可能与储能系统的实际状态等因素不相符，如果系统直接按照获取到的目标充放电功率控制PCS运行可能会导致电池或其他设备受损。因此本步骤中，以储能系统的运行状态和运行参数作为考虑因素，在目标充放电功率的基础上重新确定合理的实际充放电功率。
在一些实施例中，储能系统的运行状态和运行参数包括：待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量(state of charge，SOC)。例如，待执行的充放电状态包括充电状态、放电状态和停止充放电状态。当然，应当理解的是，实际应用中，除了以上所列举的参数，还可以考虑结合其他参数确定实际充放电功率，对此不进行限制。
相应的，在一些实施例中，步骤S102包括：根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数；根据所述目标充放电功率和所述功率系数确定实际充放电功率。
如此设置，首先根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量确定功率系数，该功率系数用于对设定的目标充放电功率进行修正，从而得到能够满足系统需求的实际充放电功率，进而实现对电池等部件的保护，比如避免过充、过放等问题。在一些实施例中，实际充放电功率直接采用目标充放电功率和所述功率系数的乘积，或者进一步引入其他系数。
进一步的，下面介绍根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数的步骤的一些实现方式。
①作为一些实现方式，若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前已连接负载，则计算已连接的负载的功率与所述目标充放电功率的功率比；确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数；根据所述功率比和所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
具体的，若待执行放电状态且已连接负载，则表明将为该已连接的负载供电，因此需要将功率与已连接的负载的功率(指的是所有已连接的负载的功率之和)相匹配，避免计算得到的实际放电功率相对于负载的功率过大导致能源浪费或计算得到的实际放电功率相对于负载的功率过小导致供能不足。在一些实施例中，通过计算负载的功率与目标充放电功率的比值(也即功率比)将二者关联匹配；之后，为了实现对电 池的保护，避免电池过放受损，再根据电池的电池容量所在区间进行进一步修正，从而得到所需的功率系数。比如，将上述功率比与修正系数的乘积作为所述功率系数。
②作为另一些实现方式，若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前未连接负载，或者，待执行的充放电状态为充电状态，则确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数；根据所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。例如，修正系数等于功率系数。
具体的，若待执行放电状态但未连接负载，则无法很好地确定放电原因，因此，相对于第①种情况，仅根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数，再进一步确定功率系数。
类似地，若待执行充电状态，则无需考虑负载是否存在，同样仅根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数，再进一步确定功率系数。
在上述方案的基础上，更进一步的，下面结合不同实施例介绍在根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数的实现方式。
作为一些实现方式，当待执行的充放电状态为放电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第一预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0；若当前电池容量位于所述第一预设容量和第二预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第二预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1。
作为另一些实现方式，当待执行的充放电状态为充电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第三预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1；若当前电池容量位于所述第三预设容量和第四预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第四预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0。
具体的，对于放电状态，若当前电池容量小于第一预设容量，则表明电池容量过低，因此确定所述修正系数为0，从而不再进行放电，实现对电池的过放保护。而若当前电池容量位于所述第一预设容量和第二预设容量之间，则表明电池容量偏低，因此确定所述修正系数为0.5，从而降低放电功率(以正常功率的一半进行放电)，延长放电时间。而若当前电池容量大于所述第二预设容量，则表明电池电量充足，因此确定所述修正系数为1，从而以正常功率进行放电即可。在一些实施例中，第一预设容量和第二预设容量分别为10％和15％。
而充电状态类似，若当前电池容量小于第三预设容量，则表明电池远未充满，因此确定所述修正系数为1，从而以正常功率进行充电即可。而若当前电池容量位于所 述第三预设容量和第四预设容量之间，则表明电池容量充足，即将充满，因此确定所述修正系数为0.5，从而降低充电功率(以正常功率的一半进行充电)，进而降低费用(充电时，电网基于充电功率进行计费)。而若当前电池容量大于所述第四预设容量，则表明电池近似充满，因此确定所述修正系数为0，从而停止充电，实现对电池的过充保护。在一些实施例中，第三预设容量和第四预设容量大于第一预设容量和第二预设容量，例如，分别为85％和95％。
S103：将所述实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比后发送至储能变流器执行；其中，所述预设百分比大于零且小于100％。
具体的，在上一步骤中确定实际充放电功率后，如果直接发送至储能变流器执行，则可能会导致功率突然明显增加(短时间内飙升)，进而在放电状态下导致设备损耗等问题，在充电状态下导致充电成本升高等问题。基于此，本步骤中将上一步骤得到的实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比(大于0且小于100％，比如70％)后，再发送至PCS(储能变流器)执行，也即使储能变流器仅按照实际充放电功率的一定百分比运行，此时系统处于“过渡状态”。通过该方法即可降低功率变化量，避免功率飙升带来的各种问题。
S104：预设时间后，将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
具体的，系统在步骤S103的条件下持续运行预设时间后，可以视为系统已进入稳定运行状态，此时，再重新发送实际充放电功率至储能变流器执行。其中，本步骤S104与步骤S103的区别在于，发送至储能变流器的实际充放电功率不再乘以预设百分比，也即储能变流器直接按照实际充放电功率运行，此时系统完全进入正常运行状态。并且，由于PCS当前是基于步骤S103中控制器发送的功率运行，因此再次出现功率变化时，变化量较小，也即不存在功率飙升的问题。也即，通过步骤S103-S104，使PCS实现了阶梯充放电(阶跃式充放电)，避免了功率飙升带来的诸多问题。
进一步的，在一些实施例中，步骤S104具体包括：
预设时间后，再次根据所述预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率重新确定实际充放电功率；将所述重新确定的实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
具体的，实际应用中，当系统在步骤S103的条件下运行预设时间后，电池容量所在区间等参数可能发生变化。因此，为了使充放电过程更合理，功率参数与系统状态更匹配，在一些实施例中，再次采用与步骤S102相同的原理再次重新确定实际充放电功率，并将重新确定的实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。也即，重新确定 的实际充放电功率与步骤S102确定的实际充放电功率可能相同也可能不同。
此外，当储能变流器的功率变化完成后，也即阶梯充放电过程中的功率由一定百分比(比如70％)变化为100％后，可定时对电池容量SOC所在区间进行判断，并基于此按照步骤S102的原理进一步调整实际充放电功率，确保系统稳定、安全、合理运行。
基于上述方案，在获取到设定的目标充放电功率后，首先根据储能系统的运行状态和运行参数等因素确定对应的实际充放电功率，从而可以避免充放电功率不满足系统状态，实现对电池等部件的保护；且按照阶梯充放电的策略控制储能变流器运行，也即，一开始使储能变流器仅按照实际充放电功率的一定百分比运行，之后再按照完全的实际充放电功率运行，从而可以避免功率短时间内飙升导致的设备损耗等问题。
为了使本公开的技术方案更容易理解，以下结合附图，通过一个具体示例进行举例说明。
参照图2，图2为本公开另一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的充放电控制方法的流程示意图。
如图2所示，该示例中，首先控制器获取上层控制设备设定的目标充放电功率P，且此时默认功率系数rate＝1。之后根据目标充放电功率P判断待执行的充放电状态。
当P＞0时，表明此时待执行放电状态，随后先判断此时是否有负载的接入。
如果有负载的接入(负载功率load＞0)，则将功率匹配为负载的功率(也即计算rate时需乘以load/p)，也即根据SOC(电池容量)所在区间(SOC与第一预设容量10％和第二预设容量15％的相对大小关系)和阶梯放电策略，先确定对应的功率系数rate，再进一步确定待下发至PCS的实际充放电功率。当电池电量不太充足时(例如，图2中的“10％≤SOC≤15％”判断为是时)，为了避免放电过快导致电池能够持续放电的时间太短，因此令rate＝0.5*(load/p)，也即以平常一半的功率放电；当电池电量非常少时(例如，图2中“SOC＜10％”判断为是时)，为了避免电池因过放电而受损，因此直接令rate＝0(停止放电)；而当电池电量充足时(例如，图2中“SOC＜10％”判断为否时，此时表明SOC≥15％)，令rate＝1*(load/p)，以正常放电速度放电。并且，负载存在时最终下发的功率是负载功率的70％(即下发实际充放电功率为p*rate*0.7)，目的是防止功率瞬间飙升。
如果没有负载的接入(load＜0)，则直接判断SOC所在区间，然后根据SOC所在区间和阶梯充放电策略(70％)下发实际充放电功率到PCS执行(原理与有负载时 相同，区别仅在于计算rate时不需要乘以load/p)。
之后，启动定时器，延时预设时间后，再将设定的目标充放电功率P根据SOC所在区间进行判断后100％下发，完成阶梯充放电策略。
当P＜0时，表明此时待执行充电状态，而充电状态不需要判断负载是否存在，因此直接根据SOC所在区间情况，按照阶梯充电(原理与无负载放电类似)。此状态下的阶梯充电策略更加重要，原因在于，充电时电网根据PCS执行的功率值进行计费。采用阶梯充电时，接收到的功率值若直接飙升到设定值以上，导致充电费用升高；而根据阶梯充放电策略，首先下发实际充电功率的70％，此时功率不会飙升到最高值，等系统功率稳定之后，再将实际充放电功率的100％下发到PCS，即可保证系统正常运行且避免功率飙升问题。
当P＝0时，则直接下发功率0到PCS停止充放电即可。
之后，实际充放电功率下发完成后(也即阶梯充放电策略执行完毕后)，开启定时器，定时判断SOC所在区间。根据SOC所在区间，判断当前确定的实际充放电功率乘以设定rate后的值与PCS当前运行的功率是否相等，相等则忽略，不相等则基于目标运行功率重新计算实际充放电功率。
通过上述方案，实现了阶梯充放电，避免了充放电过程中PCS功率飙升的问题，实现了对PCS设备的保护，也避免了因功率问题导致的收益问题。而且，根据电池容量状况进行充放电功率调整，保护了BMS，且按照load(负载)实际需求进行充放电功率调整，降低了能源浪费。
此外，基于相同的发明构思，对应于上述实施例的方法，本公开实施例还提供一种储能系统的充放电控制装置。该装置为用于执行上述方法的设备中的基于软件和/或硬件的功能模块。
参照图3，图3为本公开一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的充放电控制装置的结构示意图。如图3所示，所述装置包括：
获取模块31，用于获取设定的目标充放电功率；
确定模块32，用于根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率；
发送模块33，用于将所述实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比后发送至储能变流器执行，以及在预设时间后将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行；其中，所述预设百分比大于零且小于100％。
在一些实施例中，所述发送模块32还用于，在预设时间后，使所述确定模块31再次根据所述预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率重新确定实际充放电功率，并将所述重新确定的实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块32在根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率时，具体用于：
根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数；
根据所述目标充放电功率和所述功率系数确定实际充放电功率。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块32在根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数时，具体用于：
若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前已连接负载，则计算已连接的负载的功率与所述目标充放电功率的功率比；
确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数；
根据所述功率比和所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块32在根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数时，还用于：
若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前未连接负载，或者，待执行的充放电状态为充电状态，则确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数；
根据所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块32在根据当前电池容量所在区间确定功率系数的修正系数时，具体用于：
当待执行的充放电状态为放电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第一预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0；若当前电池容量位于所述第一预设容量和第二预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第二预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1；
当待执行的充放电状态为充电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第三预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1；若当前电池容量位于所述第三预设容量和第四预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第四预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0。
在一些实施例中，所述确定模块32在根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数时，还用于：
若当前待执行的充放电状态为停止充放电，则确定功率系数为0。
在一些实施例中，所述预设百分比为70％。
其中，上述装置的各功能模块所执行步骤的具体实现方法可以参照前述方法实施例的对应内容，此处不再详述。
此外，基于相同的发明构思，对应于上述实施例的方法，本公开还提供一种储能系统的控制器。
参照图4，图4为本公开一些实施例提供的一种储能系统的控制器的结构示意图。如图4所示，所述控制器包括：
存储器41和与存储器41相连接的处理器42；存储器41用于存储程序，所述程序至少用于实现前述实施例所述的方法；处理器42用于调用并执行存储器41存储的所述程序。
此外，本公开实施例还提供一种包括上述控制器的储能系统。其中，将上述储能系统的控制器应用于储能系统时，即可实现对应的控制方法。并且，上述程序所执行步骤的具体实现方法可以参照前述方法实施例的对应内容，此处不再详述。
通过上述方案，实现了阶梯充放电，避免了充放电过程中PCS功率飙升的问题，实现了对PCS设备的保护，也避免了因功率问题导致的收益问题。而且，根据电池容量状况进行充放电功率调整，保护了BMS，且按照load(负载)实际需求进行充放电功率调整，降低了能源浪费。
可以理解的是，上述各实施例中相同或相似部分可以相互参考，在一些实施例中未详细说明的内容可以参见其他实施例中相同或相似的内容。
需要说明的是，在本公开的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指至少两个。
流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为，表示包括一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、片段或部分，并且本公开的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现，其中可以不按所示出或讨论的顺序，包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序，来执行功能，这应被本公开的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。
应当理解，本公开的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中，多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行的软件或固件来实现。例如，如果用硬件来实现，和在另一实施方式中一样，可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现：具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路，具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路，可编程门阵列(PGA)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等。
本技术领域的普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法携带的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，该程序在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
此外，在本公开各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。所述集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，也可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。
上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种储能系统的充放电控制方法，包括：
    获取设定的目标充放电功率；
    根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率；其中，所述预设充放电策略中以储能系统的运行状态和运行参数作为考虑因素；
    将所述实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比后发送至储能变流器执行；其中，所述预设百分比大于零且小于100％；
    预设时间后，将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述预设时间后，将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行，包括：
    预设时间后，再次根据所述预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率重新确定所述实际充放电功率；
    将所述重新确定的所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率，包括：
    根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数；
    根据所述目标充放电功率和所述功率系数确定所述实际充放电功率。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数，包括：
    若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前已连接负载，则计算已连接的负载的功率与所述目标充放电功率的功率比；
    确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数；
    根据所述功率比和所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数，包括：
    若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前未连接负载，或者，待执行的充放电状态为充电状态，则确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数；
    根据所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数，包括：
    当待执行的充放电状态为放电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第一预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0；若当前电池容量位于所述第一预设容量和第二预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第二预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其中，所述根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数，包括：
    当待执行的充放电状态为充电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第三预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1；若当前电池容量位于所述第三预设容量和第四预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第四预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0。
  8. 根据权利要求3-7任意一项所述的方法，其中，所述根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数，包括：
    若当前待执行的充放电状态为停止充放电，则确定功率系数为0。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述预设百分比为70％。
  10. 一种储能系统的充放电控制装置，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取设定的目标充放电功率；
    确定模块，用于根据预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率确定实际充放电功率；
    发送模块，用于将所述实际充放电功率乘以预设百分比后发送至储能变流器执行，以及在预设时间后将所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行；其中，所述预设百分比大于零且小于100％。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中，所述发送模块还用于在预设时间后，使所述确定模块再次根据所述预设充放电策略，基于所述目标充放电功率重新确定所述实际充放电功率，并将所述重新确定的所述实际充放电功率发送至储能变流器执行。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其中，所述确定模块用于根据待执行的充放电状态、当前是否连接负载以及当前电池容量，确定功率系数；根据所述目标充放电功率和所述功率系数确定实际充放电功率。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其中，所述确定模块用于：若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前已连接负载，则计算已连接的负载的功率与所述目标充放电功率的功率比；确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数；根据所述功率比和所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其中，所述确定模块用于：若待执行的充放电状态为放电状态且当前未连接负载，或者，待执行的充放电状态为充电状态，则确定当前电池容量所在区间，并根据当前电池容量所在区间确定所述功率系数的修正系数；根据所述修正系数，确定所述功率系数。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述确定模块用于：
    当待执行的充放电状态为放电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第一预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0；若当前电池容量位于所述第一预设容量和第二预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第二预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的装置，其中，所述确定模块用于：
    当待执行的充放电状态为充电状态时：若当前电池容量小于第三预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为1；若当前电池容量位于所述第三预设容量和第四预设容量之间，则确定所述修正系数为0.5；若当前电池容量大于所述第四预设容量，则确定所述修正系数为0。
  17. 一种储能系统的控制器，包括：
    存储器和与所述存储器相连接的处理器；
    所述存储器用于存储程序，所述程序至少用于实现如权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法；
    所述处理器用于调用并执行所述存储器存储的所述程序。
  18. 一种储能系统，包括权利要求10-16任一项所述的储能系统的充放电控制装置，或者包括权利要求18所述的储能系统的控制器。
  19. 一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机程序指令，其中，所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法。
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