WO2023079780A1 - 温度インジケータ製造システムおよび温度インジケータ製造方法 - Google Patents
温度インジケータ製造システムおよび温度インジケータ製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023079780A1 WO2023079780A1 PCT/JP2022/022336 JP2022022336W WO2023079780A1 WO 2023079780 A1 WO2023079780 A1 WO 2023079780A1 JP 2022022336 W JP2022022336 W JP 2022022336W WO 2023079780 A1 WO2023079780 A1 WO 2023079780A1
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- temperature
- adhesive
- temperature sensing
- sensing material
- color
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
- G01K11/16—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance of organic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
- B65B61/26—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for marking or coding completed packages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/29—Laminated material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/35—Heat-activated
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/06—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using melting, freezing, or softening
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
- G01K3/02—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values
- G01K3/04—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values in respect of time
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
- B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
- B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/30—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier
- C09J2301/304—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the chemical, physicochemical or physical properties of the adhesive or the carrier the adhesive being heat-activatable, i.e. not tacky at temperatures inferior to 30°C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/40—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
- C09J2301/41—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components additives as essential feature of the carrier layer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a temperature indicator manufacturing system and a temperature indicator manufacturing method.
- Cold-preserved medicines such as fresh foods, frozen foods, vaccines, and biopharmaceuticals require a cold chain that keeps them at low temperatures without interruption during the distribution process of production, transportation, and consumption.
- shipping containers are usually equipped with data loggers that can continuously record time and temperature, and if there is damage to the product, we will not be held responsible. It is possible to reveal the whereabouts.
- the temperature indicator does not have the recording accuracy of a data logger, it can be attached to individual products, and if the temperature exceeds or falls below a preset temperature, the surface will be dyed, making it possible to detect changes in the temperature environment. It is possible.
- the TTI Time-Temperature Indicator
- Patent Document 1 discloses a temperature sensing material that can be produced by a simple process and has excellent handleability.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a temperature-sensing label and a temperature-sensing ink that do not impair the color developing function and color erasing function of the temperature-sensing material.
- the temperature indicator itself is relatively inexpensive, it has the property of irreversibly changing color when the temperature exceeds or falls below a preset temperature. Temperature control is required during storage and transportation of the indicator, and it may be difficult to use the temperature indicator conveniently.
- the degree of irreversibility required for temperature indicators varies depending on the product to which they are attached. In the case of expensive pharmaceuticals, etc., there is also a need to prevent counterfeiting, and the temperature indicator is required to be completely irreversible so that the changed color is maintained even after it has changed color once it deviates from the set temperature. However, in the quality control of inexpensive perishable foods, it is sufficient if irreversibility is maintained in the distribution process performed at or below the ambient temperature. It can be expected to promote usage.
- Temperature sensing materials used for temperature indicators that can be applied as TTI include temperature sensing materials that use materials containing leuco dyes, color developers, and decolorants as temperature indicators. Although this temperature sensing material can be produced by a simple method, the color change of the temperature indicating material occurs with the change in the state of the temperature indicating material. For this reason, in Patent Document 1, the handleability is improved by protecting the temperature indicating material with a matrix material. However, the matrix material is limited to non-polar materials because it must not affect the color change properties of the temperature indicating material. Therefore, temperature sensing materials formed from these materials often do not have high adhesion to various materials, and it is difficult to use them by directly adhering them to substrates like ink or paint.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a temperature indicator in which a temperature sensing material containing a leuco dye, a developer, a decolorant and a matrix material is fixed to a base material by an adhesive layer and a protective layer or an adhesive layer and protective layer.
- the temperature indicating material when starting quality control of the target product, the temperature indicating material is melted by heating the temperature indicator to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point, and the color is initialized. Therefore, before initialization, the temperature indicator can be stored and transported at room temperature, and the labor and cost of managing the temperature indicator can be reduced. However, since the adhesive and the temperature indicating material come into contact with each other in a liquefied state during this initialization process, the adhesive is required to be a material that does not affect the discoloration characteristics of the temperature indicating material.
- the resin material that may come into contact with the temperature indicating material is limited to a material containing at least one structure of polysiloxane and polyolefin structures, so that the initialization process does not affect the discoloration characteristics of the temperature indicating material. Avoid influence.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and relates to a temperature indicator manufacturing system and a temperature indicator manufacturing method that reduce the management effort and costs associated with temperature indicator manufacturing.
- a temperature indicator manufacturing system includes a marking device that marks a substrate with a temperature sensing material that includes a temperature indicating material containing at least a leuco dye, a color developer, and a color erasing agent, and a matrix material. and an adhesive applicator for applying an adhesive onto the temperature sensing material marked on the substrate, the adhesive being applied in a state where the temperature sensing material marked on the substrate is solidified, It is characterized in that the temperature sensing material marked on the substrate is solidified before being liquefied.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a differential scanning calorimetry curve of temperature indicating material A.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a differential scanning calorimetry curve of temperature indicating material B.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the color density of the temperature indicating material A and temperature.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the color density of the temperature indicating material A and temperature.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a phase separation structure of a temperature sensing material (discolored state);
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a phase separation structure of a temperature sensing material (developed state); 4 is an optical microscope photograph of a temperature sensing material (discolored state).
- 4 is an optical microscope photograph of a temperature sensing material (developed state).
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a temperature indicator;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a temperature indicator;
- 4 is a manufacturing flow chart of the temperature indicator;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a temperature indicator manufacturing process in the temperature indicator manufacturing system;
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a distribution process in which temperature control of target products is performed;
- 4 is a photograph showing elapsed time from temperature deviation and color density in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing time dependence of color density in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 1 The configuration of the temperature indicating material of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 The configuration of the temperature indicating material of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the temperature indicating material a material whose color density reversibly changes according to temperature change (temperature increase/temperature decrease) is used.
- the temperature indicating material includes a leuco dye that is an electron-donating compound, a color developer that is an electron-accepting compound, and a decolorant for controlling the temperature range of color change.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of a temperature indicating material according to one embodiment.
- the temperature indicating material A is a material that solidifies in an amorphous state without being crystallized when rapidly cooled after melting
- the temperature indicating material B is a material that becomes a supercooled liquid state when cooled after melting.
- FIG. 1A is a DSC curve of temperature indicating material A.
- FIG. Since crystallization does not occur during the cooling process (leftward arrow ( ⁇ ) in the figure), no exothermic peak due to crystallization is observed. On the other hand, an exothermic peak due to crystallization is observed in the temperature rising process (rightward arrow ( ⁇ ) in the figure).
- Ta is the starting temperature in the heating process (crystallization starting temperature in the heating process).
- Td is the melting point.
- the starting temperature Ta depends on the heating rate and elapsed time. If the temperature is raised slowly, the starting temperature Ta appears at a low temperature, and if the temperature is raised quickly, the starting temperature Ta appears at a high temperature, or the starting temperature Ta does not appear and melts at the melting point Td . Since color develops when crystallization occurs, the starting temperature Ta is set according to the detection temperature and detection time required for the temperature detection material. For example, a temperature indicating material that starts crystallization after 1 hour at temperature T1 can be used as a material for detecting that 1 hour has passed at the starting temperature Ta with temperature T1 as the starting temperature Ta. Also, Tg is the glass transition point. Crystallization does not start below the glass transition point Tg . In the case of a material that is easily crystallized, it is easily crystallized at a temperature above the glass transition point, so the starting temperature Ta and the glass transition point Tg are often the same temperature.
- FIG. 1B is a DSC curve of the temperature indicating material B.
- FIG. Ta is the starting temperature of the exothermic peak due to crystallization during the cooling process (crystallization start temperature during the cooling process).
- Td is the melting point.
- the starting temperature Ta depends on the cooling rate and elapsed time. When the temperature is lowered at a low speed, the start temperature Ta appears at a high temperature, and when the temperature is lowered at a high speed, the start temperature Ta appears at a low temperature. Since color develops when crystallization occurs, the starting temperature Ta is set according to the detection temperature and detection time required for the temperature detection material.
- a temperature indicating material that starts crystallization after 1 hour at the temperature T2 can be used as a material for detecting that 1 hour has passed at the starting temperature Ta with the temperature T2 as the starting temperature Ta .
- the starting temperature Ta and the melting point Td are the same temperature.
- Such materials cannot be used as temperature indicating materials. Therefore, a material that easily becomes supercooled and has a large difference between the crystallization start temperature Ta and the melting point Td is preferable.
- a temperature sensing material whose color changes with the accumulation of time and temperature and whose color can be initialized by heating at a high temperature will be described below.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing changes in color density of the temperature sensing material according to the embodiment.
- the vertical axis is color density
- the horizontal axis is temperature.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing the relationship between the color density of the temperature indicating material A and the temperature.
- the temperature indicating material A has a hysteresis characteristic in color density change. If a material that is difficult to crystallize is used as the color erasing agent, the temperature indicating material A is rapidly cooled from the state P, which is a molten state above the color erasing start temperature Td of the temperature indicating material A, to the color development start temperature Ta or less.
- the decolorized state is maintained by forming an amorphous state while the colorant incorporates the color developer. From this state, when the temperature is raised to the color development start temperature Ta or higher in the temperature rising process, the decolorant is crystallized and color is developed. Therefore, if the temperature detection material containing the temperature indicating material A is used, it is possible to detect whether or not the temperature exceeds the control range when the temperature is controlled below the color development start temperature Ta . can.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram showing the relationship between the color density of the temperature indicating material B and temperature.
- the temperature indicating material B has a hysteresis characteristic in color density change.
- the temperature of the temperature indicating material B decreases from the state P, which is the molten state at the color disappearance temperature Td or higher, the color change state is maintained up to the color development start temperature Ta .
- the decolorizing agent becomes crystalline below the freezing point, and the leuco dye and the developer are separated, so that the leuco dye and the developer are combined to develop the color.
- the temperature detection material containing the temperature indicating material B when the temperature is controlled to a temperature higher than the color development start temperature Ta , it is detected whether or not the temperature exceeds the control range and the temperature has reached Ta or less. be able to.
- the temperature sensing material When the temperature sensing material is used for temperature control of goods such as commodities during distribution, it is required that the material does not undergo color reversion. Even though the temperature rises once during distribution and the color changes, if the color returns to the original color due to the temperature dropping or rising again during the distribution process, it is possible to grasp the presence or absence of the temperature change later. Because you can't. However, since the temperature indicating material according to the present embodiment does not change its color unless it is reheated to the decoloring temperature Td or more, it is possible to know the change in the temperature environment.
- the leuco dye is an electron-donating compound, and conventionally known dyes for pressure-sensitive copying paper and heat-sensitive recording paper can be used.
- conventionally known dyes for pressure-sensitive copying paper and heat-sensitive recording paper can be used.
- leuco dyes include 9-(N-ethyl-N-isopentylamino)spiro[benzo[a]xanthene-12,3′-phthalide], 2-methyl-6-(Np-tolyl-N- Ethylamino)-fluoran 6-(diethylamino)-2-[(3-trifluoromethyl)anilino]xanthene-9-spiro-3′-phthalide, 3,3-bis(p-diethylaminophenyl)-6-dimethylamino phthalide, 2'-anilino-6'-(dibutylamino)-3'-methylspiro[phthalido-3,9'-xanthene], 3-(4-diethylamino-2-methylphenyl)-3-(1-ethyl -2-methylindol-3-yl)-4-azaphthalide, 1-ethyl-8-[N-ethyl-N-(4-methylphenyl)
- the temperature indicating material may be used in combination of two or more leuco dyes.
- the color developer changes the structure of the electron-donating leuco dye by contacting it with the electron-donating leuco dye to develop a color.
- the color developer those known as color developers used for heat-sensitive recording paper, pressure-sensitive copying paper, and the like can be used.
- Such developers include benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 2,2′-biphenol, 1,1-bis(3-cyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, 2,2-bis(3 -Cyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfide, p-hydroxybenzoic acid ester, phenols such as gallic acid ester, and the like.
- the developer is not limited to these, and any compound that is an electron acceptor and can change the color of the leuco dye can be used.
- metal salts of carboxylic acid derivatives, salicylic acid and salicylic acid metal salts, sulfonic acids, sulfonates, phosphoric acids, phosphoric acid metal salts, acidic phosphoric acid esters, acidic phosphoric acid ester metal salts, phosphorous acids, phosphorous acid Metal salts and the like may also be used.
- the color density at which the developer can develop the leuco dye differs depending on the material used for the decolorant.
- the temperature detecting material and the temperature indicating material used in the temperature detecting ink are heated above the melting point, so the color does not change during this heating. Heat resistance is required. Specifically, it is required that remarkable discoloration does not occur when heated at a high temperature of about 120 to 180°C. When applied to a thermal marking device, it is necessary to maintain the proper viscosity of the ink in a liquid state for a long period of time. is required.
- leuco dyes and color developers are the materials most susceptible to photodegradation. Since the leuco dye affects the color of the ink, it is preferable that it has high selectivity in response to customer requests, and is not limited in this embodiment.
- the color developer is preferably a material that increases the light resistance of the temperature indicating material, provided that the other properties are the same.
- color developer that exhibits high decoloring and color developing properties for various ester compounds and steroid compounds that are decoloring agents, and that has high heat resistance and light resistance.
- color developers include 2,2'-bisphenol, 4,4'-cyclohexylidenebis(2-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2-bis(3-cyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl).
- the temperature indicating material according to the present embodiment may use one type of these color developers or a combination of two or more types. It is possible to adjust the color density when the leuco dye develops color by combining the developer.
- the amount of developer used is selected according to the desired color density. For example, it may usually be selected within the range of about 0.1 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the leuco dye.
- the decolorizing agent is a compound capable of dissociating the bond between the leuco dye and the developer, and is a compound capable of controlling the coloration temperature of the leuco dye and the developer.
- the decolorant solidifies in a phase-separated state.
- the decolorant is melted or forms an amorphous state, and the function of dissociating the bond between the leuco dye and the developer was exhibited. state. Therefore, the state change temperature of the color erasing agent is important for temperature control of the temperature indicating material.
- a wide range of materials that can dissociate the bond between the leuco dye and the color developer can be used as the decolorizing agent material.
- a wide variety of materials can be decolorizers, provided they are low in polarity and do not exhibit developer properties for the leuco dye, and are highly polar enough to dissolve the leuco dye and the developer.
- organic compounds such as chemical compounds, azide compounds, ether compounds, fat compounds, sugar compounds, peptide compounds, nucleic acid compounds, alkaloid compounds, and steroid compounds.
- tricaprin isopropyl myristate, m-tolyl acetate, diethyl sebacate, dimethyl adipate, 1,4-diacetoxybutane, decyl decanoate, diethyl phenylmalonate, diisobutyl phthalate, triethyl citrate, phthalate Benzyl butyl acid, butyl phthalyl butyl glycolate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl anthranilate, 2-hydroxyethyl salicylate, methyl nicotinate, butyl 4-aminobenzoate, methyl p-toluate, 4-nitrobenzoic acid Ethyl, 2-phenylethyl phenylacetate, benzyl cinnamate, methyl acetoacetate, geranyl acetate, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl sebacate, diethyl oxalacetate, monoolein,
- the material is not limited to these compounds, and any material can be used as long as it can dissociate the bond between the leuco dye and the color developer.
- these decolorizing agents may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the solidification point, crystallization rate, melting point, and glass transition point can be adjusted by combining the decolorizing agent.
- the decolorizing agent used for the temperature indicating material A must not crystallize in the rapid cooling process from the temperature at which the decolorizing agent melts, but must be amorphous near the glass transition point. Therefore, a material that is difficult to crystallize is preferable. If the quenching rate is very high, most materials will form an amorphous state, but from the practical point of view, it is preferable that the material is difficult to crystallize to the extent that quenching with a general-purpose cooling device forms an amorphous state. Furthermore, the most preferred material is a material that is difficult to crystallize to the extent that it forms an amorphous state in the course of spontaneous cooling from a molten state above its melting point.
- a decolorant that forms an amorphous state when cooled from the melting point to the glass transition point at a rate of at least 20°C/min or less is preferable, and the decolorant is cooled from the melting point to the glass transition point at a rate of 1°C/min or less.
- decolorants that form an amorphous state on compression are particularly preferred.
- the decolorant used for the temperature indicating material B should preferably have a wide supercooled temperature range, that is, a large temperature difference between the freezing point and the melting point of the decolorant. Also, the temperature of the melting point or freezing point depends on the target temperature control range.
- the color initialization temperature should be high enough that it is difficult to occur near the control temperature, but in terms of practicality, it is desirable to be in a temperature range that can be heated by a general-purpose heating device.
- the temperature detecting material a matrix material and microcapsules are used to protect the temperature indicating material, so it is necessary to consider their heat resistance. Specifically, it is preferably about 40°C to 250°C, most preferably about 60°C to 150°C.
- the temperature indicating material contains at least the above leuco dye, developer, and decolorant.
- the color developer and the color erasing agent may be omitted.
- Materials other than leuco dyes, color developers, and decolorants may also be included as long as the ability to change color upon crystallization is maintained. For example, by including a dye or pigment other than a leuco dye, it is possible to change the color during decolorization and development.
- the temperature sensing material includes at least a phase separation structure formed by mixing the temperature indicating material and the matrix material described above. Examples of such forms are shown below.
- the matrix material must be a material that does not impair the color developability and color erasability of the temperature indicating material when mixed with the temperature indicating material. Therefore, it is preferable that the material itself does not exhibit color development.
- Non-polar materials that are not electron acceptors can be used as such materials.
- the temperature sensing material in order to form a phase-separated structure in which the temperature indicating material is dispersed in the matrix material, it is necessary to use a material that satisfies the following two conditions as the matrix material.
- the two conditions are that it must be in a solid state at the temperature of use of the temperature sensing material, and that it be a material that is poorly compatible with leuco dyes, decolorizers, and developers. This is because the temperature detection function is impaired when any one of the leuco dye, the developer, and the decolorant is dissolved in the matrix material.
- the temperature sensing material can be easily handled.
- a material in which the energy ⁇ p due to intermolecular dipole interaction and the energy ⁇ h due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding predicted by the Hansen solubility parameter are each 3 or less can be used.
- a material having no polar group and a material composed only of hydrocarbons can be preferably used.
- waxes such as paraffin-based, microcrystalline, olefin-based, polypropylene-based, and polyethylene-based, and low-molecular-weight and high-molecular-weight materials with many skeletons such as propylene, ethylene, styrene, cycloolefin, siloxane, and terpene. and copolymers thereof.
- materials that become a low-viscosity melt above the melting point and easily solidify below the melting point are easy to handle.
- a material that dissolves in an organic solvent and solidifies during the volatilization process of the organic solvent is easy to handle.
- Specific examples include paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, polyolefin, polyethylene, polypropylene, cycloolefin, polystyrene, terpene resin, silicone resin, and silicone oil.
- polyolefins examples include low-molecular-weight polyethylene and low-molecular-weight polypropylene.
- the molecular weight of the polyolefin and the viscosity in the liquid state are not particularly limited, but when the viscosity is low in the liquid state, the entrapment of air bubbles is small and the moldability is good.
- it preferably has a molecular weight of 50,000 or less and a viscosity of 5 to 50,000 mPa s near the melting point, and a molecular weight of 10,000 or less and a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 mPa s near the melting point. It is even more preferable to have
- FIG. 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams showing the phase-separated structure of the temperature sensing material, FIG. 3A being in the decolored state and FIG. 3B being the developed state.
- the temperature sensing material 1 forms a phase separation structure in which the temperature indicating material 2 is dispersed in the matrix material 3 . That is, a structure in which a phase containing a leuco dye, a developer, and a decolorant is dispersed in a matrix material is formed.
- FIGS 4A and B are optical micrographs of the temperature sensing material, with Figure 4A in the decolored state and Figure 4B in the developed state. That is, FIG. 4A is an optical microscope photograph of the temperature detecting material 1 in which the color of the temperature indicating material has disappeared, and FIG. 4B is an optical microscope photograph of the temperature detecting material 1 in the state of developing the color of the temperature indicating material. From the optical micrograph, it can be confirmed that the temperature detecting material 1 forms a phase separation structure in which the temperature indicating material 2 is dispersed in the matrix material 3 .
- the temperature sensing material uses a matrix material whose melting point is close to the melting point of the temperature indicating material.
- the color change temperature of the temperature indicating material is near the glass transition point of the temperature indicating material, and the matrix material does not melt at that temperature, so the temperature detecting material maintains a solid state during the color change process of the temperature indicating material.
- the matrix material also melts. Therefore, when applied to a heating type marking device to be described later, the temperature detection material can be melted together with the initialization of the color of the temperature indicating material, and the temperature detection material can be discharged by heating to a temperature slightly higher than the initialization temperature. , can be marked.
- the melting point of the matrix material is different from the melting point of the temperature indicating material.
- the temperature sensing material remains in a solid state because the matrix material does not melt when the temperature indicator material changes state from solid to liquid and color initialization occurs. It is possible to
- the matrix material and the temperature indicating material are phase-separated, and the matrix material does not affect the color change of the temperature indicating material, it is possible to maintain the temperature detecting function of the temperature indicating material as it is.
- the concentration of the temperature indicating material included in the matrix material is not particularly limited, it is preferable to include 0.1 parts by weight or more and 100 parts by weight or less of the matrix material with respect to 1 part by weight of the temperature indicating material.
- the concentration of the matrix material is 100 parts by weight or less with respect to 1 part by weight of the temperature indicating material, it is possible to suppress deterioration in visibility as a temperature detecting material.
- the concentration of the matrix material equal to or higher than the concentration of the temperature indicating material, it is possible to suppress a structure in which the matrix material and the temperature indicating material are connected to each other (hereinafter referred to as a co-continuous structure).
- the matrix material and the temperature indicator material are phase-separated, so the function as a temperature sensing material is not impaired, but the temperature indicator material may leak from the matrix material, resulting in loss of long-term stability.
- the temperature indicating material crystallizes, crystal growth progresses between adjacent temperature indicating materials, and there is concern that the risk of deterioration in reproducibility of color development time and occurrence of color unevenness increases. Therefore, it is more preferable to use about 1 to 10 parts by weight of the matrix material with respect to 1 part by weight of the temperature indicating material.
- the major axis of the phase composed of the temperature indicating material dispersed in the matrix material is preferably 100 nm or more and 1 mm or less, more preferably 100 nm or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the size of the phase composed of the temperature indicating material is not particularly limited, but if the size is 100 nm or more, the influence of the interface between the temperature indicating material and the matrix material on the detected temperature can be suppressed. Further, by setting the thickness to 1 mm or less, it becomes difficult to distinguish and visually recognize the temperature indicating material and the matrix material, and color unevenness of the temperature detecting material can be suppressed.
- the size of the phase composed of the temperature indicating material can be reduced by adding a surfactant or cooling while stirring in the cooling step.
- the major axis of the phase made of the temperature indicating material is the major axis of an approximate ellipse when the phase made of the temperature indicating material is approximated to an ellipse.
- thermo sensing material Materials other than leuco dyes, color developers, and decolorants can be included in the temperature sensing material as long as the ability to change color by crystallization is maintained.
- microcapsules and the like can also be included. By wrapping the temperature indicating material in microcapsules and mixing it with the temperature detecting material, it is possible to include two or more types of temperature indicating materials in the temperature detecting material, and to produce a temperature detecting material that detects two or more temperature changes. Is possible.
- microencapsulating the temperature indicating material By microencapsulating the temperature indicating material, the environmental resistance of the temperature indicating material to light, humidity, etc. is improved, and it is possible to stabilize storage stability and discoloration characteristics. In addition, microencapsulation makes it possible to suppress the influence of compounds such as other resin agents and additives on the leuco dye, color developer, and decolorant when ink is prepared.
- microencapsulation Various known techniques can be applied to microencapsulation. For example, an emulsion polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a coacervation method, an interfacial polymerization method, a spray-drying method and the like can be mentioned, but the methods are not limited to these. Also, two or more different methods may be combined.
- Resin coatings used for microcapsules include urea resin coatings composed of polyvalent amines and carbonyl compounds, melamine resin coatings composed of melamine-formalin prepolymers, methylol melamine prepolymers, methylated melamine prepolymers, and polyvalent isocyanates and polyol compounds.
- additional processing such as improving the dispersion stability of microcapsules can be performed by surface-treating the formed resin film and adjusting the surface energy when forming an ink or paint.
- the diameter of the microcapsules is preferably in the range of about 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, because apparatus compatibility, storage stability, etc. are issues.
- phase-separated structure can also be pulverized by crushing it with a mortar or the like. This allows handling similar to microcapsules.
- Phase-separated structures and microcapsules are used for stabilization of dispersion for making ink, improved resistance to solvents, and improved environmental resistance to light, humidity, etc. Therefore, silane coupling treatment, surface grafting, corona It may be surface-treated by treatment or the like. It is also possible to further coat the phase-separated structure and microcapsules with a matrix material or microcapsules.
- the temperature sensing material according to this embodiment can be produced, for example, by the following method.
- the method of manufacturing the temperature sensing material includes a mixing step of heating and mixing a leuco dye, a developer, a decolorant, and a matrix material to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the matrix material, and a mixing step. cooling the mixture to a temperature below the freezing point of the matrix material. In the cooling step, the matrix material and the temperature indicating material rapidly phase-separate to form a phase-separated structure in which phases composed of the leuco dye, the developer, and the decolorant are dispersed in the matrix material.
- the temperature indicating material and the matrix material are compatible with each other depending on the compatibility between the temperature indicating material and the matrix material (the temperature indicating material is finely dispersed and is visually miscible). There are two cases: the temperature indicating material and the matrix material separate into two phases). At this time, it is preferable that they are compatible with each other from the viewpoint of ease of handling.
- the temperature indicating material and the matrix material must undergo phase separation at the working temperature when the matrix material is in a solid state, but this is not the case when the matrix material is in a liquid state and in a heated state.
- the polarity of the decolorant which has a particularly large content, must be within a certain range. good. If the polarity of the decolorizing agent is too small, it will dissolve with the matrix material at the operating temperature, and if the polarity is too large, it will separate from the matrix material when heated.
- a material having an energy ⁇ p due to intermolecular dipole interaction and an energy ⁇ h due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding predicted by the Hansen solubility parameter of 1 or more and 10 or less can be preferably used.
- phase-separated structure by cooling while stirring, even for a material in which the decolorizing agent has a large polarity and the temperature indicating material and the matrix material are not compatible with each other even in a heated state. Further, a surfactant may be added to make them compatible.
- the size of the dispersed structure of the temperature indicating material differs depending on the compatibility between the temperature indicating material and the matrix material.
- the decolorant and the matrix material which have a large content, when the compatibility is good to some extent, they are finely dispersed, and when the compatibility is poor, they are widely dispersed.
- the size of the dispersed structure is not particularly limited, but if it is less than 100 nm, the interface between the temperature indicating material and the matrix material will have an effect, which may affect the detected temperature.
- the size of the dispersed structure is preferably 100 nm or more and 1 mm or less, and most preferably 100 nm or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the energy ⁇ p due to intermolecular dipole interaction and the energy ⁇ h due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding predicted by the Hansen solubility parameter as a specific method for calculating polarity should be 1 or more and 10 or less.
- a decolorizing agent can be preferably used.
- the cooling step it is possible to reduce the size of the dispersed structure by cooling while stirring or adding a surfactant.
- a thermal marking device is a device that controls a material to have a low viscosity by heating and discharges and prints the material, and examples thereof include a thermal inkjet printer, a thermal dispenser, and a glue gun.
- a temperature sensing material composed of a phase-separated structure becomes a low-viscosity liquid state by heating above the melting point of the matrix material and the temperature indicating material, so it can be printed with a thermal marking device without being converted into ink. Furthermore, since colors can be initialized by heating during printing, it is possible to perform temperature control using the temperature sensing material immediately after printing.
- the temperature sensing material is printed on the object to be printed that is temperature controlled under a controlled temperature, or after printing the temperature sensing material on the object to be printed at room temperature, etc. It is conceivable to move the object to be printed to a controlled temperature zone before the temperature sensing material develops color.
- the temperature sensing material contains at least a leuco dye, a developer, a decoloring agent, and a matrix material, the temperature sensing material is in contact with the substrate and the adhesive, and the substrate or At least one of the adhesives has transparency.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the temperature indicator.
- the temperature indicator 4 has a substrate 5 , a temperature sensing material 1 and an adhesive 6 , and has a structure in which the temperature sensing material 1 is placed on the substrate 5 and covered with the adhesive 6 .
- the temperature sensing material 1 Since the material of the matrix material of the temperature sensing material 1 is limited, the temperature sensing material 1 may be easily separated from the base material 5 depending on the material of the base material 5 if the adhesive 6 is not used. Therefore, the temperature indicator is usually made by enclosing the temperature sensing material 1 with a solid material. In contrast, in the present embodiment, a temperature indicator that cannot be easily peeled off from a substrate can be formed in a simple process by marking a temperature sensing material on various substrates and applying an adhesive thereon. It is possible to manufacture.
- the crystallization phenomenon when the color of the temperature indicating material changes from the color-discolored state to the color-developed state is strongly affected by the presence of impurities and interfaces such as the walls of the container.
- the temperature indicating material is included in the matrix material of the non-polar material, so this effect can be eliminated.
- the temperature indicating material liquefies due to the melting phenomenon when the temperature indicating material changes color from the developed state to the decolored state.
- the matrix material is also liquefied. That is, when the temperature detecting material 1 is fluid, the temperature indicating material of the temperature detecting material 1 is more likely to come into contact with the base material 5 and the adhesive 6 .
- the base material 5 or the adhesive 6 and the temperature indicating material will form a solid solution, which may impair the discoloration property. .
- one of the temperature sensing material 1, the base material 5, and the adhesive 6 be kept in a solid state during the process of manufacturing the temperature indicator.
- the temperature sensing material 1 forms a phase-separated structure and solidifies on the substrate 5, so that the discoloration property is not impaired.
- the liquid adhesive 6 is applied onto the solidified temperature sensing material 1, the temperature indicating material contained in the matrix material and the adhesive 6 do not come into contact with each other. never
- the material of the base material can be freely selected depending on the required function, as long as it is a material that maintains a solid state when the temperature sensing material is initialized. Since the initialization temperature of the temperature sensing material is most preferably about 60° C. to 150° C., any substrate having higher heat resistance than this temperature can be applied regardless of the material.
- organic materials such as paper and plastics, inorganic materials such as ceramics and metals, and composite materials thereof can be freely selected. Materials are selected according to the properties required for temperature indicators, such as high strength, heat resistance, weather resistance, chemical resistance, heat insulation, and electrical conductivity.
- a sticker it is also possible to adhere (label) the object to be detected.
- the presence or absence of transparency is not particularly limited. If the adhesive is transparent, the color change process of the temperature sensing material can be observed from the outside of the adhesive regardless of whether the substrate is transparent or not. On the other hand, even if the adhesive is not transparent, the color change process of the temperature sensing material can be observed from the outside of the substrate if the substrate is transparent.
- the substrate sandwiches the temperature sensing material between it and the adhesive, it is preferable that the temperature sensing material is larger than the marked area.
- the design of the base material is also not limited. It is possible to print information other than the color change properties of the temperature sensitive material, print colors that are useful for testing the color of the temperature sensitive material, and the like.
- the base material may form a layered structure with several kinds of materials.
- the base material 5 may be formed so as to surround the temperature sensing material 1 .
- the smoothness of the temperature sensing material 1 with respect to the substrate 5 is increased, so that the color density of the temperature sensing material 1 is reduced.
- the substrate may be made of a continuous porous material, and the continuous porous material may be impregnated with a temperature sensing material.
- a temperature sensing material By impregnating a continuous porous material with a temperature sensing material, processability can be modified. Workability depends on the material of the continuous porous material.
- the continuous porous material is required to be a material that does not denature even if the temperature sensing material is in contact with it for a long period of time. Therefore, specifically, materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and cellulose that are difficult to dissolve in ordinary organic solvents are suitable. Silicon dioxide is also suitable as an inorganic compound.
- Structures of continuous porous materials include sponges, nonwoven fabrics, and woven fabrics.
- cellulose the paper used for producing books and documents may be used. It is also possible to form a continuous porous body by holding powders of silicon dioxide, polyethylene, and polypropylene with a binder having a similar chemical structure and use it.
- the material of the adhesive can be freely selected according to the required function, as long as the temperature sensing material is brought into contact with the temperature sensing material in a solidified state.
- low-melting and low-viscosity adhesives such as hot-melt adhesives may permeate into the temperature sensing material when left for a long period of time, affecting the color change characteristics of the temperature indicator.
- the adhesive preferably has transparency. If the adhesive is transparent, the color change process of the temperature sensing material can be observed from the outside of the adhesive regardless of whether the substrate is transparent or not.
- the adhesive that has been heated to a temperature above the melting point of the temperature sensing material is brought into contact with the temperature sensing material, the adhesive may permeate inside the temperature sensing material and impair the discoloration properties. For this reason, it is necessary to perform a bonding step in which the temperature sensing material is brought into contact with the liquid adhesive while at least a majority of the temperature sensing material remains solidified.
- hot-melt adhesive it cannot be applied as an adhesive when it has lost fluidity, that is, when it has solidified. Therefore, if the freezing point of the hot-melt adhesive is lower than the melting point of the temperature sensing material, this adhesive can be preferably used.
- the degree to which the adhesive penetrates into the temperature sensing material is also related to the viscosity of the adhesive.
- the higher the viscosity of the adhesive the longer it takes for the adhesive to penetrate into the temperature sensing material.
- the temperature in the bonding process is slightly higher than the melting point of the temperature sensing material, the effect is limited to the discoloration characteristics of a part of the outermost surface of the temperature sensing material, and the discoloration characteristics of most of the temperature sensing material are affected. can be retained.
- a hot-melt adhesive having a freezing point of 50° C. or lower than the melting point of the temperature sensing material and a viscosity of 0.1 Pa ⁇ s or more and 200 Pa ⁇ s or less near the melting point can be preferably used.
- a hot-melt adhesive having a freezing point of 30° C. or lower than the melting point of the temperature sensing material and a viscosity of 1 Pa ⁇ s or more and 50 Pa ⁇ s or less near the melting point can be more preferably used.
- the adhesive and the temperature indicating material are solidified by contacting the adhesive with a low melting point and low viscosity while the temperature sensing material is in a liquefied state. It will melt and the temperature sensing function will be lost. That is, with this adhesive, the temperature sensing material cannot be reinitialized after the adhesive is applied.
- the adhesive should be brought into contact with the temperature sensing material while the temperature sensing material is solidified, and the adhesive should be cured in that state.
- This adhesive also allows the temperature sensing material to be reinitialized after the adhesive has set.
- Reactive adhesives include photo-curable adhesives such as acrylics that cure with ultraviolet rays or visible light, cross-linking reaction type adhesives between two materials such as urethane-based and epoxy-based adhesives, and heat-curing reaction-type adhesives.
- Room-temperature-curing adhesives such as cyanoacrylate-based and silicone-based adhesives that are cured by moisture or the like can be used.
- Adhesives can be selected according to the properties required for temperature indicators, such as high strength, heat resistance, light resistance, chemical resistance, antioxidant properties, heat insulation, electrical conductivity, and resistance to thermal shock due to rapid cooling. . Antioxidants, light stabilizers, and the like that impart these properties may be added.
- a layer structure may be formed with several materials by applying adhesive or pasting a film on top of the adhesive.
- the temperature indicator a function other than the discoloration characteristic of the temperature sensing material, such as providing a material whose transparency is impaired by detecting ultraviolet rays, humidity, oxygen, and the like.
- FIG. 7A is a temperature indicator manufacturing flow chart
- FIG. 7B schematically shows a temperature indicator manufacturing process in a temperature indicator manufacturing system.
- the temperature indicator manufacturing process of FIG. 7B is implemented as part of a quality controlled manufacturing process or distribution process.
- FIG. 7B is an example in which the base material of the temperature indicator is the package 11 of the target product.
- the package 11 is conveyed by a conveyor (conveying mechanism) 10 to a marking device 12 that marks the temperature sensing material, and the temperature sensing material is marked (S01).
- a state 17 shown in FIG. 7B is a state in which the adhesive 6 is applied on the temperature sensing material 1 .
- the package 11 is not limited to the material as long as it packs the target product or is attached to the target product, as long as the temperature detection material 1 is not liquefied by heating due to marking. Depending on the target product, it is also possible to mark the target product itself.
- the temperature sensing material can be initialized at the same time as the marking process (S01).
- the temperature detection materials and adhesives can be managed at room temperature regardless of the controlled temperature, thereby reducing the management effort and management costs associated with the temperature indicator.
- the initialization is performed at the same time during the manufacture of the temperature indicator, the total man-hours for the temperature indicator can be reduced. That is, it is desirable to execute the manufacturing process of the temperature indicator at the timing when the individual temperature control of the target product is started.
- Figure 8 shows an example of the distribution process in which the temperature of the target product is controlled.
- the product After passing through factory S11, storage warehouse S12, and shipping site S13, the product is transported to store S15 by transport vehicle S14 and delivered to customer S16.
- the temperature can be controlled by the temperature indicator in the subsequent distribution process.
- Example 1 Preparation of temperature sensing material 1 part by weight of 3,3-bis(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-6-dimethylaminophthalide (CVL manufactured by Yamada Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as a leuco dye, 1 part by weight of octyl gallate manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. as a developer, 100 parts by weight of Vitamin K4 manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used as a decolorant, and 100 parts by weight of Hi-Wax 200P manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals was used as a matrix material. These materials were melted and mixed at 150° C., which is higher than the melting points of the decolorant and the matrix material, and solidified by natural cooling to produce a temperature sensing material having a phase-separated structure.
- the temperature sensing material thus prepared was heated at 150° C. with a jet dispenser AeroJet manufactured by Musashi Engineering Co., Ltd. to be in a liquid state, and discharged onto an object to be printed. General-purpose coated paper was used as the object to be printed.
- a temperature indicator was produced by heating and applying EARTHMAN's glue stick, which is a hot-melt adhesive, with an EARTHMAN's AC100V glue gun as an adhesive.
- the EARTHMAN glue stick has a melting point of about 85°C and the temperature sensing material has a melting point of about 120°C.
- the surface temperature of the adhesive was measured with a thermography camera FLIR E5-XT, and it was about 110°C, and the temperature sensing material did not liquefy. I didn't.
- Comparative example 1 In Comparative Example 1, the temperature sensing material prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 was heated at 150° C. with a jet dispenser AeroJet manufactured by Musashi Engineering Co., Ltd. to be in a liquid state, and discharged onto coated paper, which is an object to be printed. After that, no adhesive was applied.
- Example 1 In Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, no significant change was observed in the manner in which the color density increased. I was able to confirm that.
- the temperature indicator according to Example 1 was able to detect temperature by changing the color depending on the integration of time and temperature, and had high adhesion to the marking target.
- Example 2 The temperature sensing material of Example 1 was ejected onto coated paper, which is an object to be printed, in the same manner as in Example 1. After that, as an adhesive, a temperature indicator was produced by heating and applying TY-863H1 made by TEXYEAR, which is a hot-melt adhesive, using a hot bonder made by BOSCH. TY-863H1 manufactured by TEXYEAR has a melting point of about 145°C and a viscosity of about 3 Pa ⁇ s at 200°C.
- the surface temperature of the adhesive was measured with a thermography camera FLIR E5-XT, and was about 175°C, indicating that the temperature sensing material was liquefied. rice field.
- the temperature detection material of this temperature indicator remained decolored even at a temperature of 25° C., and it could not be confirmed that the color developed over time.
- Example 2 A temperature sensing material prepared in the same manner as in Examples was ejected onto coated paper, which is an object to be printed, in the same manner as in Examples. After that, as an adhesive, MORESCO-MELT (registered trademark) TN-286Z, a hot-melt adhesive manufactured by MORESCO, was heated at 150° C. with a jet dispenser AeroJet manufactured by Musashi Engineering and applied to prepare a temperature indicator. MORESCO-MELT TN-286Z manufactured by MORESCO has a melting point of about 97°C and a viscosity of about 12 Pa ⁇ s at 140°C.
- the surface temperature of the adhesive was measured with a thermography camera FLIR E5-XT and found to be approximately 130°C. Although this is higher than the melting point of the temperature sensing material of Example 1, which is about 120° C., the viscosity of the adhesive is so high that the adhesive solidifies before the temperature sensing material liquefies. With the temperature sensing material of this temperature indicator, it was confirmed that the color develops over time at a temperature of 25°C.
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Abstract
Description
示温材としては、温度変化(昇温/降温)により色濃度が可逆的に変化する材料を用いる。示温材は、電子供与性化合物であるロイコ染料と、電子受容性化合物である顕色剤と、変色の温度範囲を制御するための消色剤と、を含む。
ロイコ染料は、電子供与性化合物であって、従来、感圧複写紙用の染料や、感熱記録紙用染料として公知のものを利用できる。例えば、トリフェニルメタンフタリド系、フルオラン系、フェノチアジン系、インドリルフタリド系、ロイコオーラミン系、スピロピラン系、ローダミンラクタム系、トリフェニルメタン系、トリアゼン系、スピロフタランキサンテン系、ナフトラクタム系、アゾメチン系等が挙げられる。ロイコ染料の具体例としては、9-(N-エチル-N-イソペンチルアミノ)スピロ[ベンゾ[a]キサンテン-12,3’-フタリド]、2-メチル-6-(Np-トリル-N-エチルアミノ)-フルオラン6-(ジエチルアミノ)-2-[(3-トリフルオロメチル)アニリノ]キサンテン-9-スピロ-3’-フタリド、3,3-ビス(p-ジエチルアミノフェニル)-6-ジメチルアミノフタリド、2’-アニリノ-6’-(ジブチルアミノ)-3’-メチルスピロ[フタリド-3,9’-キサンテン]、3-(4-ジエチルアミノ-2-メチルフェニル)-3-(1-エチル-2-メチルインドール-3-イル)-4-アザフタリド、1-エチル-8-[N-エチル-N-(4-メチルフェニル)アミノ]-2,2,4-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロスピロ[11H-クロメノ[2,3-g]キノリン-11,3’-フタリド]が挙げられる。
顕色剤は、電子供与性のロイコ染料と接触することで、ロイコ染料の構造を変化させて呈色させるものである。顕色剤としては、感熱記録紙や感圧複写紙等に用いられる顕色剤として公知のものを利用できる。このような顕色剤の具体例としては、4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸ベンジル、2,2′-ビフェノール、1,1-ビス(3-シクロヘキシル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン、2,2-ビス(3-シクロヘキシル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)スルフィド、パラオキシ安息香酸エステル、没食子酸エステル等のフェノール類等を挙げることができる。顕色剤は、これらに限定されるものではなく、電子受容体でありロイコ染料を変色させることができる化合物であれば用いることができる。また、カルボン酸誘導体の金属塩、サリチル酸およびサリチル酸金属塩、スルホン酸類、スルホン酸塩類、リン酸類、リン酸金属塩類、酸性リン酸エステル類、酸性リン酸エステル金属塩類、亜リン酸類、亜リン酸金属塩類等を用いてもよい。
消色剤は、ロイコ染料と顕色剤との結合を解離させることが可能な化合物であり、ロイコ染料と顕色剤との呈色温度を制御できる化合物である。一般的に、ロイコ染料が呈色した状態の温度範囲では、消色剤が相分離した状態で固化している。また、ロイコ染料が消色状態となる温度範囲では、消色剤は融解しているか、非晶質状態を形成しており、ロイコ染料と顕色剤との結合を解離させる機能が発揮された状態である。そのため、消色剤の状態変化温度が示温材の温度制御に対して重要になる。
ぎ酸コレステロール、ヘプタン酸コレステロール、ヘキサン酸コレステロール、こはく酸水素コレステロール、ミリスチン酸コレステロール、プロピオン酸コレステロール、吉草酸コレステロール、フタル酸水素コレステロール、フェニル酢酸コレステロール、クロロぎ酸コレステロール、2,4-ジクロロ安息香酸コレステロール、ペラルゴン酸コレステロール、コレステロールノニルカルボナート、コレステロールヘプチルカルボナート、コレステロールオレイルカルボナート、コレステロールメチルカルボナート、コレステロールエチルカルボナート、コレステロールイソプロピルカルボナート、コレステロールブチルカルボナート、コレステロールイソブチルカルボナート、コレステロールアミルカルボナート、コレステロール n-オクチルカルボナート、コレステロールヘキシルカルボナート、アリルエストレノール、アルトレノゲスト、9(10)-デヒドロナンドロロン、エストロン、エチニルエストラジオール、エストリオール、安息香酸エストラジオール、β-エストラジオール17-シピオナート、17-吉草酸β-エストラジオール、α-エストラジオール、17-ヘプタン酸β-エストラジオール、ゲストリノン、メストラノール、2-メトキシ-β-エストラジオール、ナンドロロン、(-)-ノルゲストレル、キネストロール、トレンボロン、チボロン、スタノロン、アンドロステロン、アビラテロン、酢酸アビラテロン、デヒドロエピアンドロステロン、デヒドロエピアンドロステロンアセタート、エチステロン、エピアンドロステロン、17β-ヒドロキシ-17-メチルアンドロスタ-1,4-ジエン-3-オン、メチルアンドロステンジオール、メチルテストステロン、Δ9(11)-メチルテストステロン、1α-メチルアンドロスタン-17β-オール-3-オン、17α-メチルアンドロスタン-17β-オール-3-オン、スタノゾロール、テストステロン、プロピオン酸テストステロン、アルトレノゲスト、16-デヒドロプレグネノロンアセタート、酢酸16,17-エポキシプレグネノロン、11α-ヒドロキシプロゲステロン、17α-ヒドロキシプロゲステロンカプロアート、17α-ヒドロキシプロゲステロン、酢酸プレグネノロン、17α-ヒドロキシプロゲステロンアセタート、酢酸メゲストロール、酢酸メドロキシプロゲステロン、酢酸プレグネノロン、5β-プレグナン-3α,20α-ジオール、ブデソニド、コルチコステロン、酢酸コルチゾン、コルチゾン、コルテキソロン、デオキシコルチコステロンアセタート、デフラザコート、酢酸ヒドロコルチゾン、ヒドロコルチゾン、17-酪酸ヒドロコルチゾン、6α-メチルプレドニゾロン、プレドニゾロン、プレドニゾン、酢酸プレドニゾロン、デオキシコール酸ナトリウム、コール酸ナトリウム、コール酸メチル、ヒオデオキシコール酸メチル、β-コレスタノール、コレステロール-5α,6α-エポキシド、ジオスゲニン、エルゴステロール、β-シトステロール、スチグマステロール、β-シトステロールアセタートなどのステロイド化合物などが挙げられる。ロイコ染料および顕色剤との相溶性の観点から、これらの化合物を含むことが好ましい。勿論、これらの化合物に限定されるものではなく、ロイコ染料と顕色剤との結合を解離させることが可能である材料であれば何でもよい。
温度検知材料は、以上説明した示温材とマトリックス材とを混合することで形成される相分離構造体を少なくとも含む。その形態の例を以下に示す。
マトリックス材は、示温材と混合したときに、示温材の顕色性および消色性を損なわない材料である必要がある。そのため、それ自身が顕色性を示さない材料であることが好ましい。このような材料として、電子受容体ではない非極性材料を用いることができる。
図3A,Bは、温度検知材料の相分離構造を示す模式図であり、図3Aは消色している状態の場合、図3Bは顕色している状態の場合である。温度検知材料1は、マトリックス材3中に示温材2が分散した相分離構造を形成している。つまり、ロイコ染料と、顕色剤と、消色剤とを含む相が、マトリックス材中に分散した構造を形成している。
本実施形態に係る温度検知材料は、例えば、以下の方法で作製することができる。温度検知材料の製造方法は、ロイコ染料と、顕色剤と、消色剤と、マトリックス材と、をマトリックス材の融点以上の温度に加温し、混合する混合工程と、混合工程で得られる混合物を、マトリックス材の凝固点以下の温度に冷却する冷却工程と、を備える。冷却工程において、マトリックス材と示温材とは速やかに相分離し、マトリックス材中にロイコ染料と、顕色剤と、消色剤とからなる相が分散した相分離構造を形成する。
本実施形態に係る温度検知材料は、様々な加熱式マーキング装置に適用することができる。加熱式マーキング装置は、加熱により材料を低粘度に制御し、材料を吐出、印刷する装置であり、加熱式インクジェットプリンタや加熱式ディスペンサやグルーガン等が挙げられる。相分離構造体からなる温度検知材料は、マトリックス材および示温材の融点以上に加熱することで低粘度な液体状態となるため、インク化することなく、加熱式マーキング装置にて印刷可能である。さらに、印刷時の加熱により色の初期化が可能であるため、印刷直後からの温度検知材料による温度管理が可能である。このことは、加熱式マーキング装置とは別に、温度検知材料を初期化するための加熱装置が不要になることを意味するため、設備コストの観点から有用である。加熱式マーキング装置により印刷するタイミングとしては、管理温度下にて温度管理した被印字対象物に温度検知材料を印刷したり、室温下などにて被印字対象物に温度検知材料を印刷した後、温度検知材料が顕色する前に管理温度帯に被印字対象物を移動させたりすること等が考えられる。
本実施形態に係る温度インジケータは、温度検知材料が、少なくともロイコ染料、顕色剤、消色剤およびマトリックス材を含み、温度検知材料は、基材および接着剤に接触しており、基材若しくは接着剤の少なくとも一方が透明性を有している。図5は、温度インジケータの構成を示す模式図である。温度インジケータ4は、基材5と温度検知材料1と接着剤6とを有し、温度検知材料1を基材5上に配置し、接着剤6で覆った構造をしている。温度検知材料1はそのマトリックス材の材料が限定されるため、接着剤6がない場合、基材5の材質によっては簡単に基材5から剥離してしまう。そのため、通常は温度検知材料1を固体材料で内包させることで温度インジケータとしている。これに対して、本実施形態では、種々の基材上に温度検知材料をマーキングし、その上から接着剤を塗布することで、基材から簡単には剥離できない温度インジケータを簡便な工程にて作製可能としている。
本実施形態において、基材の材料は、温度検知材料を初期化する際に固体状態を保持する材料であれば、要求される機能によって自由に選択できる。温度検知材料の初期化温度としては、60℃~150℃程度が最も好ましいため、この温度より耐熱性が高い基材であれば材質に依らず適用可能である。たとえば、紙やプラスチックなどの有機材料や、セラミックスや金属などの無機材料や、それらの複合材料など自由に選択可能である。高強度、耐熱性、耐候性、耐薬品性、断熱性、導電性など、温度インジケータに要求される特性に合わせて選択する。シールを用いることで、検知したい対象物に対して密着させる(ラベル化する)ことも可能である。また、透明性の有無も特に限定されない。接着剤に透明性があれば、基材の透明性の有無関係なしに、接着剤の外側から温度検知材料の色変化過程を観察可能である。一方で、接着剤に透明性が無い場合でも、基材に透明性があれば、基材の外側から温度検知材料の色変化過程を観察可能である。
本実施形態において、接着剤の材料は、温度検知材料が固化した状態にて温度検知材料に接触させるのであれば、要求される機能によって自由に選択できる。例えば、ホットメルト接着剤のような低融点で低粘度の接着剤などは、長時間放置時に接着剤が温度検知材料中に浸透し、示温材の変色特性に影響を与える可能性があるため、長期安定性が求められる用途には適さない。また、接着剤は、透明性を有することが好ましい。接着剤に透明性があれば、基材の透明性の有無とは関係なしに、接着剤の外側から温度検知材料の色変化過程を観察可能である。
温度インジケータの製造工程を図7A,Bを用いて説明する。図7Aは温度インジケータの製造フローチャートであり、図7Bは、温度インジケータ製造システムにおける温度インジケータの製造工程を模式的に示すものである。図7Bの温度インジケータ製造工程は品質管理対象の製造工程、または流通工程の一部として実施される。図7Bは、温度インジケータの基材を対象製品のパッケージ11とする例である。パッケージ11は、コンベア(搬送機構)10により温度検知材料をマーキングするマーキング装置12の前に運ばれ、温度検知材料がマーキングされる(S01)。マーキング装置12により温度検知材料1が基材5(この例では対象製品が梱包されたパッケージ11)にマーキングされた状態が図7Bに示す状態16である。温度検知材料がマーキングされたパッケージ11はさらに、コンベア10により接着剤を塗布する接着剤塗布装置13の前に運ばれ、固化した温度検知材料1の上に接着剤6が塗布される(S02)。温度検知材料1上に接着剤6が塗布された状態が図7Bに示す状態17である。なお、パッケージ11は対象製品を梱包する、あるいは対象製品に付されるものであればよく、温度検知材料1がマーキングされることによる加熱で液化しない限り、その材料にも限定されない。対象製品によっては対象製品そのものにマーキングすることも可能である。
(温度検知材料の作製)
ロイコ染料として3,3-ビス(p-ジメチルアミノフェニル)-6-ジメチルアミノフタリド(山田化学工業製CVL)を1重量部、顕色剤として東京化成工業製没食子酸オクチルを1重量部、消色剤として東京化成工業製ビタミンK4を100重量部、マトリックス材料として三井化学製ハイワックス200Pを100重量部用いた。これらの材料を、消色剤およびマトリックス材の融点以上である150℃で溶かして混合し、自然冷却により固化させることで、相分離構造を有する温度検知材料を作製した。
作製した温度検知材料について、武蔵エンジニアリング製ジェットディスペンサAeroJetにて150℃で加熱し、液体状態にすることで、被印字対象物に吐出した。被印字対象物としては、汎用のコート紙を用いた。温度検知材料を吐出し、温度検知材料が固化した直後に、接着剤として、ホットメルト接着剤であるEARTHMAN製グルースティックをEARTHMAN製AC100Vグルーガンにて加熱塗布することで温度インジケータを作製した。EARTHMAN製グルースティックの融点は約85℃であり、温度検知材料の融点は約120℃である。接着工程において、接着剤を加熱吐出し温度検知材料に接着する際、接着剤の表面温度をサーモグラフィカメラFLIR E5-XTで測定したところ、約110℃程度であり、温度検知材料が液化することはなかった。
比較例1では、実施例1同様に作製した温度検知材料について、武蔵エンジニアリング製ジェットディスペンサAeroJetにて150℃で加熱し、液体状態にすることで、被印字対象物であるコート紙に吐出した。その後、接着剤の塗布を実施しなかった。
温度インジケータ作製後、1分以内に物品の管理温度として想定し、消色剤のガラス転移点以下である5℃に5分保持した後、30℃/分で示温材のガラス転移点以上の25℃まで昇温し、その状態での温度検知材料の色濃度の時間変化を観察した。その結果を、図9及び図10に示す。図9の画像、および図10の色濃度データより、25℃の温度下において、実施例1・比較例1ともに、温度検知材料が時間とともに顕色していく様子が確認された。これは25℃という温度が、消色剤のガラス転移点以上であり、示温材が結晶化したためである。
実施例1と比較例1の温度インジケータの基材との密着性を調べるために、新東科学製トライボギア表面性測定機TYPE:14FWを用いて、表面引掻きへの耐性を評価した。実施例では、接着剤の上から摺動子を押し当て、比較例では温度検知材料の上から摺動子を押し当て、それぞれ擦り試験を実施した。摺動子として、段ボール片若しくは鉛筆を用い、速度1000mm/min、往復回数10回の条件にて、荷重を5~100gの条件にて変更し、摺動試験を実施した。比較例1では全ての条件で温度検知材料がコート紙から剥離したのに対し、実施例1では全ての条件で温度検知材料および接着剤がコート紙から剥離することなく、接着剤の摩耗もほとんど見られなかった。
実施例1の温度検知材料について、実施例1と同様の手法で被印字対象物であるコート紙に吐出した。その後、接着剤として、ホットメルト接着剤であるTEXYEAR製TY-863H1をBOSCH製ホットボンダーにて加熱塗布することで温度インジケータを作製した。TEXYEAR製TY-863H1は融点が145℃程度であり、200℃での粘度が3Pa・s程度である。接着工程において、接着剤を加熱吐出し温度検知材料に接着する際、接着剤の表面温度をサーモグラフィカメラFLIR E5-XTで測定したところ、約175℃程度であり、温度検知材料が液化してしまった。この温度インジケータの温度検知材料は、25℃の温度下においても消色したままであり、時間とともに顕色していく様子は確認できなかった。
実施例同様に作製した温度検知材料について、実施例と同様の手法にて、被印字対象物であるコート紙に吐出した。その後、接着剤として、ホットメルト接着剤であるMORESCO製MORESCO-MELT(登録商標)TN-286Zを武蔵エンジニアリング製ジェットディスペンサAeroJetにて150℃で加熱し、塗布することで温度インジケータを作製した。MORESCO製MORESCO-MELT TN-286Zは融点が97℃程度であり、140℃での粘度が12Pa・s程度である。接着工程において、接着剤を加熱吐出し温度検知材料に接着する際、接着剤の表面温度をサーモグラフィカメラFLIR E5-XTで測定したところ、約130℃程度であった。これは実施例1の温度検知材料の融点である約120℃よりも高いが、接着剤の粘度が高く温度検知材料が液化する前に接着剤が固化した。この温度インジケータの温度検知材料では、25℃の温度下において、時間とともに顕色していく様子が確認できた。
Claims (14)
- ロイコ染料、顕色剤及び消色剤とを少なくとも含む示温材とマトリックス材とを含む温度検知材料を基材上にマーキングするマーキング装置と、
前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料の上に接着剤を塗布する接着剤塗布装置とを有し、
前記接着剤は、前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料が固化した状態で塗布され、前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料が液化する前に固化されることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記基材は、前記温度検知材料を用いた温度インジケータにより温度管理を行う対象製品が梱包されたパッケージであり、
前記パッケージは、搬送機構により前記マーキング装置から前記接着剤塗布装置へ搬送されることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記マトリックス材は非極性材料であり、
前記温度検知材料は、前記マトリックス材中に前記示温材が分散した相分離構造となっていることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記接着剤は、ホットメルト接着剤、水系接着剤、アルコール系接着剤、反応型接着剤のいずれかであることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造システム。 - 請求項4において、
前記ホットメルト接着剤の凝固点は、前記温度検知材料の融点より50℃高い温度以下であり、前記融点近傍での粘度が0.1Pa・s以上、200Pa・s以下であることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記接着剤に、酸化防止剤、光安定剤の少なくとも1つが添加されることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造システム。 - 請求項1において、
前記マーキング装置は、前記温度検知材料を加熱して、前記基材上にマーキングするマーキング装置であり、
前記接着剤塗布装置は、前記接着剤を加熱して、前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料の上に塗布する接着剤塗布装置であることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造システム。 - マーキング装置により、ロイコ染料、顕色剤及び消色剤とを少なくとも含む示温材とマトリックス材とを含む温度検知材料を基材上にマーキングし、
接着剤塗布装置により、前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料の上に接着剤を塗布し、
前記接着剤は、前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料が固化した状態で塗布され、前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料が液化する前に固化されることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造方法。 - 請求項8において、
前記基材は、前記温度検知材料を用いた温度インジケータにより温度管理を行う対象製品が梱包されたパッケージであり、
前記パッケージは、搬送機構により前記マーキング装置から前記接着剤塗布装置へ搬送されることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造方法。 - 請求項8において、
前記マトリックス材は非極性材料であり、
前記温度検知材料は、前記マトリックス材中に前記示温材が分散した相分離構造となっていることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造方法。 - 請求項8において、
前記接着剤は、ホットメルト接着剤、水系接着剤、アルコール系接着剤、反応型接着剤のいずれかであることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造方法。 - 請求項11において、
前記ホットメルト接着剤の凝固点は、前記温度検知材料の融点より50℃高い温度以下であり、前記融点近傍での粘度が0.1Pa・s以上、200Pa・s以下であることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造方法。 - 請求項8において、
前記接着剤に、酸化防止剤、光安定剤の少なくとも1つが添加されることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造方法。 - 請求項8において、
前記マーキング装置は、前記温度検知材料を加熱して、前記基材上にマーキングするマーキング装置であり、
前記接着剤塗布装置は、前記接着剤を加熱して、前記基材上にマーキングされた前記温度検知材料の上に塗布する接着剤塗布装置であることを特徴とする温度インジケータ製造方法。
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| US18/695,215 US20240400247A1 (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2022-06-01 | Temperature indicator manufacturing system and temperature indicator manufacturing method |
| EP22889605.6A EP4431889A4 (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2022-06-01 | TEMPERATURE INDICATOR MANUFACTURING SYSTEM AND TEMPERATURE INDICATOR MANUFACTURING METHOD |
| CN202280056501.4A CN117836596A (zh) | 2021-11-08 | 2022-06-01 | 温度指示器制造系统和温度指示器制造方法 |
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| CN120775437B (zh) * | 2025-09-09 | 2025-11-11 | 康爱特(山东)化学有限公司 | 一种热敏涂层组合物及其在热敏显色纸中的应用 |
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| JP2003528779A (ja) * | 2000-03-27 | 2003-09-30 | ヘンリ・ノルベー | 商品を低温保存状態に保つためのパッケージとその温度指示器 |
| JP2020079761A (ja) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-28 | 株式会社日立ハイテク | 温度インジケータ及びそれを用いた物品管理システム |
| JP2020118656A (ja) | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 温度検知ラベルおよび温度検知インク |
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| US5958135A (en) * | 1994-08-17 | 1999-09-28 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Apparatus and method for applying coating materials to individual sheet members |
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| JP2003528779A (ja) * | 2000-03-27 | 2003-09-30 | ヘンリ・ノルベー | 商品を低温保存状態に保つためのパッケージとその温度指示器 |
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| JP7555324B2 (ja) | 2024-09-24 |
| JP2023069686A (ja) | 2023-05-18 |
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