WO2023080690A1 - 실시간 제어 기반 수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 시스템, 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
실시간 제어 기반 수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 시스템, 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023080690A1 WO2023080690A1 PCT/KR2022/017177 KR2022017177W WO2023080690A1 WO 2023080690 A1 WO2023080690 A1 WO 2023080690A1 KR 2022017177 W KR2022017177 W KR 2022017177W WO 2023080690 A1 WO2023080690 A1 WO 2023080690A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/08—Learning methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
- F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
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- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
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- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
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- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
- F17C2260/023—Avoiding overheating
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refuelling vehicle fuel tanks
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
- F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/34—Hydrogen distribution
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control technology for hydrogen fueling/supply of hydrogen fueled mobility, and more particularly, hydrogen that increases the efficiency of hydrogen charging/supply and increases the speed and real-time of charging/supply.
- a charging process, a control technique for the process, and a protocol for the control technique are particularly preferred.
- a hydrogen vehicle, a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV), or a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) refers to a pollution-free vehicle that moves with electric energy generated by meeting high-pressure hydrogen stored in the vehicle and air in the atmosphere.
- FCEVs use hydrogen as an energy source and generate electricity using a fuel cell system to move.
- hydrogen electric vehicles not only emit pure water (H 2 O) in the process of generating electricity, but also have a function to remove ultra-fine dust in the atmosphere during operation, attracting attention as future eco-friendly mobility. Since hydrogen, a fuel, is infinite on earth and the process of producing energy is eco-friendly, it is widely regarded as a technology with potential to be used throughout the industry.
- Hydrogen fueled mobility refers to mobility in which hydrogen is used as an energy source or electric energy is generated using hydrogen as a fuel and an electric motor is driven using the same.
- Hydrogen fuel mobility can include not only aerial mobility but also industrial trucks, trains, ships, and aircraft, as well as devices that generate electric energy using hydrogen as fuel and use it to drive.
- buildings or facilities using hydrogen as an energy source may also be included in application fields to which the technical idea of the present invention can be applied.
- a hydrogen electric vehicle delivers high-pressure hydrogen safely stored in a hydrogen fuel storage tank and oxygen introduced through an air supply system to the fuel cell stack, and generates electrical energy by causing an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.
- the produced electrical energy is converted into kinetic energy through a drive motor to move the hydrogen-powered vehicle, and the driving hydrogen-powered vehicle has the advantage of discharging only pure water through the exhaust port.
- the fuel cell system serves to provide power to a hydrogen-powered vehicle instead of an engine of an internal combustion engine vehicle.
- a fuel cell is a device that generates electrical energy required for driving, and is also called a 'tertiary battery'.
- a fuel cell converts thermal energy into electrical energy using a electrochemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen. The electrical energy generated at this time is the result of a pure chemical reaction and, unlike fossil fuels, does not generate exhaust gases such as carbon dioxide.
- fuel cell systems such as PEMFC, SOFC, MCFC, etc., depending on the fuel or material, and the components that produce power using fuel cells in hydrogen electric vehicles are the fuel cell stack, hydrogen supply system, air supply system, Includes thermal management system.
- the hydrogen supply system plays a role of changing the hydrogen safely stored in the hydrogen fuel storage tank from a high pressure state to a low pressure state and moving it to the fuel cell stack, and can also increase the efficiency of hydrogen supply through a recirculation line.
- the thermal management system refers to a device that maintains a constant temperature of the fuel cell stack by releasing heat generated when the fuel cell stack undergoes an electrochemical reaction to the outside and circulating cooling water. Thermal management systems can affect the power and lifetime of a fuel cell stack.
- the concept of a hydrogen fueled car, not a hydrogen electric vehicle, is also a vehicle that uses hydrogen as fuel.
- the method of charging/supplying hydrogen for a hydrogen fueled vehicle is not very different from the method of charging/supplying hydrogen for a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.
- the temperature (T) and pressure (P) of the compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) on the fuel cell side are finally determined to ensure safety. It aims to control to operate under limiting temperature/pressure conditions for
- the hydrogen charging/supplying process, control technique, and protocol for the conventional hydrogen electric vehicle were defined when the past wired/wireless communication technology or control computing technique was not mature, so the achievements of information and communication technology (ICT) reached recently. is not reflected as much as possible.
- ICT information and communication technology
- the hydrogen charging/supplying technology of the conventional hydrogen electric vehicle is inefficient, slow, and not suitable for large-capacity hydrogen charging.
- An object of the present invention to solve the above problems is to improve the efficiency of the hydrogen charging/supplying process while safely charging/supplying hydrogen fuel, and to improve the speed and real-time performance of the hydrogen charging/supplying process.
- An object of the present invention is to optimize the cooling load of the charging station by actively adjusting the required amount of pre-cooling and the amount provided to increase the operational efficiency of the hydrogen charging station.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a control technique that can be widely applied to various mobility areas by updating the logic itself through a certain learning and training process when applying a new device.
- An object of the present invention is to increase the charging speed by installing a cooling system in the storage tank itself, and to improve the safety of hydrogen fuel mobility by actively coping with overheating of the storage tank.
- a hydrogen fueling control method for hydrogen fuel mobility is an integrated control method for hydrogen charging, comprising: obtaining a measurement value of a current state; determining whether a second control command for at least one of a hydrogen filling station and hydrogen fuel mobility is required in addition to the first control command executed at the dispenser side, based on the measured value of the current state; and generating a second control command for at least one of a hydrogen filling station and hydrogen fuel mobility according to a result of the determination.
- the second control command for the hydrogen charging station may include a command for adjusting a target value of the pre-cooling temperature of the hydrogen charging station.
- the second control command for hydrogen fuel mobility may include a command for cooling the compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) of the hydrogen fuel mobility side.
- CHSS compressed hydrogen storage system
- the integrated control method for hydrogen charging according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include evaluating whether a measured value of a current state satisfies a constraint condition.
- the constraint condition may be that the temperature and pressure of the compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) on the hydrogen fuel mobility side do not exceed the limit temperature and limit pressure, respectively.
- CHSS compressed hydrogen storage system
- the integrated control method for hydrogen filling may further include generating a first control command executed at the dispenser side based on the measured value of the current state.
- the first control command may include a control command for a pressure ramp rate (PRR) for hydrogen filling.
- PRR pressure ramp rate
- the first control command may be generated based on a simulation result of a measurement value of a current state and actual field data.
- the first control command may be generated using a model predictive control technique based on a measurement value of a current state.
- the first control command may be generated based on an output of an artificial neural network that takes a measured value of a current state as an input.
- a hydrogen fueling control device for hydrogen fuel mobility is an integrated control device for hydrogen charging, including a processor; and a memory for storing at least one command.
- the processor obtains a measured value of the current state by executing at least one command, and based on the measured value of the current state, in addition to the first control command executed on the dispenser side, a first control command for at least one or more of a hydrogen filling station and hydrogen fuel mobility 2 It is determined whether a control command is required, and a second control command for at least one of a hydrogen filling station and hydrogen fuel mobility is generated according to the determination result.
- the processor may evaluate whether the measured value of the current state satisfies the constraint condition.
- the processor may generate a first control command to be executed on the dispenser side, based on the measured value of the current state.
- the processor may generate a first control command based on a simulation result of a measurement value of a current state and actual field data.
- the processor may generate a first control command using a model predictive control technique based on a measurement value of a current state.
- the processor may generate a first control command based on an output of an artificial neural network that takes a measured value of a current state as an input.
- the charging speed is controlled in real time by utilizing the real-time temperature data of the storage tank, and it is designed to operate at the highest charging speed that satisfies the condition below the safety limit, so that charging within the available range is possible. can save time
- the operating efficiency of the hydrogen charging station can be increased by optimizing the cooling load of the charging station by actively adjusting the required amount of pre-cooling and the amount provided.
- it is a control technique of updating the logic itself through a certain learning and training process when applying a new device with an artificial neural network-based learnable charging logic, and can be widely applied to various mobility areas.
- the cooling system is installed in the storage tank itself to increase the charging speed, and at the same time, it is possible to actively cope with overheating of the storage tank, thereby improving the safety of hydrogen fuel mobility.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a hydrogen charging process for a FCEV to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a logical process for hydrogen charging for a FCEV to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a state change occurring in a process of charging hydrogen for a FCEV to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the concept of model predictive control for hydrogen charging control for a FCEV according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an operational flowchart illustrating a hydrogen charging control method based on model predictive control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the concept of an artificial neural network for hydrogen charging control for a FCEV according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FCEV fuel cell electric vehicle
- IMS intelligent integrated meta system
- FIG. 8 is an operational flowchart illustrating an artificial neural network-based hydrogen charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an operational flowchart illustrating a training process of an artificial neural network for hydrogen charging control based on an artificial neural network-model predictive control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of the process of FIG. 9 in detail.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of the process of FIG. 9 in detail.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a hydrogen charging control process based on artificial neural network-model predictive control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an artificial neural network-based integrated control model for controlling a hydrogen charging process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an event-based control process for the integrated control model of FIG. 13 .
- 15 is an operational flowchart illustrating an integrated control method for hydrogen charging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a generalized hydrogen charging control device, a hydrogen charging control system, or a computing system capable of performing at least part of the processes of FIGS. 1 to 15 .
- first, second, A, and B may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the term “and/or” includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.
- “at least one of A and B” may mean “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of combinations of one or more of A and B”. Also, in the embodiments of the present application, “one or more of A and B” may mean “one or more of A or B” or “one or more of combinations of one or more of A and B”.
- a hydrogen vehicle, a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV), or a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) refers to a pollution-free vehicle that moves with electric energy generated by meeting high-pressure hydrogen stored in the vehicle and air in the atmosphere.
- a compressed hydrogen storage system is a part of a fuel cell on a vehicle side and means a device for compressing and storing hydrogen.
- a Pressure Relief Device is placed in the CHSS and refers to a device capable of isolating stored hydrogen from the rest of the fuel system and the environment and, conversely, discharging hydrogen to the outside.
- the hydrogen fueling process refers to a process of delivering high-pressure hydrogen from a hydrogen station and accumulating it in a fuel cell.
- Pressure Ramp Rate is expressed in MPa/min and means the rate of increase in pressure of CHSS.
- Average Pressure Ramp Rate means the average value of the pressure increase rate from the start to the end of hydrogen fueling.
- Pre-cooling refers to a process of pre-cooling the hydrogen of a hydrogen filling station before charging it.
- a dispenser is a component that delivers pre-cooled hydrogen to CHSS.
- a nozzle is a device connected to the hydrogen dispensing system of a hydrogen filling station and coupled to a receptacle of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle and allowing the delivery of hydrogen fuel.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a hydrogen charging process for a FCEV to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- hydrogen gas pre-cooled from a hydrogen filling station (Station, 200) is supplied to a FCEV (FCEV, 300) via a dispenser (100).
- the hydrogen charging process may be described by parameters including a pressure increase rate (PRR) and/or an average pressure increase rate (APRR).
- PRR pressure increase rate
- APRR average pressure increase rate
- FCEV FCEV
- FIG. 1 An embodiment related to a FCEV is shown in FIG. 1, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the spirit of the present invention can be applied to various types of hydrogen fueled mobility.
- Hydrogen fuel mobility refers to mobility that uses hydrogen as an energy source or generates electric energy using hydrogen as a fuel and drives an electric motor using it.
- Hydrogen fuel mobility can include aerial mobility, industrial trucks, trains, ships, aircraft, as well as devices that generate electric energy using hydrogen as fuel and drive it using hydrogen fuel.
- the hydrogen charging process of the present invention can be applied not only to hydrogen fuel mobility but also to buildings or facilities using hydrogen as an energy source.
- FCEV and hydrogen gas as main examples, but the scope of the present application should not be construed as being limited due to these examples.
- a hydrogen storage system attached to a vehicle can be largely divided into a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, a pressure control mechanism high-pressure pipe, and an external frame.
- High-pressure hydrogen storage tanks have been developed and commercialized with capacities of tens or hundreds of liters, and in the case of vehicles, small and lightweight storage tanks are connected in parallel for high capacity.
- the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is widely known as a compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) 310, and in this specification, for convenience of description, the expression “storage tank” means the CHSS 310.
- CHSS compressed hydrogen storage system
- hydrogen storage is controlled by utilizing a boss unit through which hydrogen gas can flow in and out of the storage tank 310.
- Hydrogen storage is controlled by attaching valves, pressure reducing devices, and sensors for various measurements to the part.
- the interface between the hydrogen charging station 200 and the vehicle 300 is handled by the dispenser 100, where the target pressure and It controls the injection speed, etc., and the currently used control logic follows the SAE J2601 (2020-05) standard.
- information is transmitted from the vehicle 300 to the dispenser 100 by a communication method and a non-communication method. Even when communication is used, in the prior art, the temperature and pressure values of the storage tank 310 of the vehicle 300 are simply transmitted to the dispenser 100 in one direction, and the dispenser 100 does not actively utilize the information, It is only used as a safety criterion such as an emergency stop at the limiting temperature and pressure.
- the filling logic for safe and rapid filling is all managed by the dispenser 100, and the storage tank 310 is automatically discharged under conditions such as overheating through a pressure relief device (PRD) 320 without an active safety management method. It has only a minimum safety management device that emits hydrogen.
- PRD pressure relief device
- the charging station 200 includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 220 and a pre-cooler 210 .
- the pre-cooler 210 supplies hydrogen gas to the hydrogen electric vehicle 300 via the dispenser 100 in a state in which the temperature of the hydrogen gas is lowered through pre-cooling.
- the charging control logic 110 inside the dispenser 100 actively controls the state of temperature, pressure, etc. received from the vehicle 300 and the charging station 200
- a hydrogen fueling process is controlled by utilizing state of charge information such as information and a state of charge (SOC) of the CHSS 310.
- state of charge information such as information and a state of charge (SOC) of the CHSS 310.
- the charging speed is controlled in real time by utilizing the real-time temperature data of the storage tank 310, and is designed to be operated at the highest charging speed that satisfies the condition below the safety limit. Charging time can be reduced within range.
- the prior art charging protocol has a problem in that the boundary conditions for safety are excessively set, so that the temperature of most of the storage tanks 310 is measured around 40 to 50 ° C at the time of completion of charging, and excessive pre-cooling is performed.
- the operating efficiency of the hydrogen charging station 200 can be increased by optimizing the cooling load of the charging station 200 by actively adjusting the required amount of pre-cooling and the amount provided.
- the protocol of the prior art which is set mainly for light hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, has a problem in that all variables must be reset and reflected in the standard when charging a new mobility.
- it is a control technique of updating the logic itself through a certain learning and training process when applying a new device with an artificial neural network-based learnable charging logic, and can be widely applied to various mobility areas.
- the only countermeasure against overheating of the storage tank 310 of the hydrogen electric vehicle 300 in the prior art is to release gas through the PRD 320 when overheating exceeds a certain temperature.
- a cooling system is installed in the storage tank 310 itself to increase the charging speed, and at the same time, it is possible to actively cope with overheating of the storage tank 310, thereby improving the safety of the hydrogen-powered vehicle 300.
- the efficiency of the hydrogen charging/supplying process can be improved, and the speed and real-time nature of the hydrogen charging/supplying process can be improved.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a control technique with improved prediction accuracy of a hydrogen charging result based on an artificial neural network model.
- the accuracy of prediction results can be improved by reflecting real-time measured values in an artificial neural network model using actual charging data together with theoretical simulation results.
- the efficiency of hydrogen charging control can be improved by integrating and managing actually measured data and state information predicted from a model using an intelligent meta system (IMS).
- IMS intelligent meta system
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a logical process for hydrogen charging for a FCEV to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the dispenser 100 is in charge of controlling between the vehicle 300 and the hydrogen charging station 200, and the dispenser 100 injects hydrogen into the vehicle 300 according to a predetermined rule.
- a protocol which is a method of
- the protocol loaded in the dispenser 100 is based on the international standard SAE-J2601 (2020-05), which is equally applicable to the embodiments of the present invention within the scope consistent with the purpose of the present invention.
- simulations are conducted through thermodynamic modeling for various situations, and the table-based single injection method (single method) is performed using the parameters derived through this, and MC-formula based partial real-time correction method (Partial Real-Time Correction) is used.
- the minimum requirements/requirements for safety include the upper limits of the temperature and pressure conditions of the CHSS 310 and guidelines for the filling factor (SOC).
- the simulation may be performed through thermodynamic modeling using boundary conditions including best to worst cases.
- the injection rate is predetermined, which causes unnecessary pre-cooling and lowers the overall charging rate.
- the injection rate is simply determined by the average pressure increase rate/average pressure ramp rate (APRR), which may be a factor impeding active response according to the situation. Unnecessary pre-cooling can be a factor that causes excessive energy costs and operating costs.
- APRR average pressure increase rate/average pressure ramp rate
- thermodynamic model is a method that indirectly utilizes the variables derived through the model because it takes a lot of time to derive the calculation result of the equation. Application is limited if there are no pre-calculated variables, and flexibility such as detailed adjustment of the method itself is required. There is a problem of lack.
- the table-based method in the prior art does not utilize the temperature of the pre-cooled hydrogen provided from the charging station 200 or the temperature of the storage tank 310 measured by the vehicle 300, so the efficiency is very low and it is flexible to changes in surrounding conditions. There are problems that are difficult to deal with.
- the MC-Formula-based method of the prior art corrects the pre-cooling temperature in real time, but has a problem in that it is difficult to expand due to the complexity of the calculation and application method and the limit to the applicable target.
- the feature of the present invention is derived to solve the problems of the prior art, and is characterized in that it reduces dependence on simulation and actively attempts to control state variables by reflecting real-time measurement data.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a state change occurring in a process of charging hydrogen for a FCEV to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the temperature control of the hydrogen charging process is performed by controlling the internal temperature of the storage tank 310 to be 85°C or less at the time when the pre-cooled hydrogen gas is supplied and the final charge is completed.
- the storage tank 310 is configured such that the heat transfer efficiency of the carbon fiber surrounding the dome and body of the storage tank 310 is low in order to block heat exchange between the external atmosphere and the internally stored hydrogen gas during driving.
- the prior art does not include a separate cooling means other than receiving pre-cooled (pre-cooled) hydrogen gas from the charging station 200 .
- the hydrogen buffering time is managed by controlling the pre-cooling and hydrogen injection rate at the hydrogen filling station 200 in order to manage the storage tank temperature management upper limit of 85 ° C or less, but the temperature management of the storage tank 310 of the vehicle 300 There is no separate solution for the situation.
- the characteristic curve of FIG. 3 is loaded as a basic model, but unlike the prior art, phase I considering real-time data according to variables (outside temperature, atmospheric pressure, weather conditions, etc.) appearing in the actual environment It is possible to optimize the control of the operating load of the charging station 200 in the pre-cooling stage and the charging rate (pressure increase rate, PRR) generated in the charging process of Phase II to Phase IV, and derive optimal control conditions suitable for the actual environment.
- variables outside temperature, atmospheric pressure, weather conditions, etc.
- FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the concept of model predictive control for hydrogen charging control for a FCEV according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the future charging result is predicted from the hydrogen charging model and the current measured value while the accuracy of the hydrogen charging model is secured at a considerable level, and the hydrogen gas of the CHSS 310 is predicted based on the predicted value and the charging value.
- the pressure increase rate/increase rate (PRR) can be controlled in real time so that certain variables, such as the temperature of Tgas or the pressure of hydrogen gas Pgas, reach the optimal charging target without violating constraints.
- a future output value is calculated based on a current measured value and a predicted value of a model using model predictive control, and the predicted future response is manipulated to move to a setpoint (or target) in an optimal way. You can adjust the variable (operation parameter/variable).
- n model predictions may be derived at a current time i. These n model-based predictions form a prediction horizon.
- Each model-based prediction i.e., the prediction horizon, corresponds to the control horizon. That is, n number of control commands/control actions required to make n number of model predictions may form a control horizon.
- i+1 control action which is the first of n model prediction and control actions derived at current time i, may be delivered to the system.
- n new model prediction and control actions are derived again at the current time i+1, which form new prediction horizons and control horizons, respectively.
- Model predictive control This method of controlling the system while expanding/moving the horizon is called model predictive control, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the measurement value for state information (state value) including the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen gas of the CHSS 310 Model predictive control-based control may be executed using the predicted value and .
- FIG. 5 is an operational flowchart illustrating a hydrogen charging control method based on model predictive control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hydrogen fueling method for a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) is a hydrogen fueling method based on model predictive control, comprising: obtaining a measured value of a current state (S510); Predicting or obtaining a next state value using an artificial neural network model (artificial neural network-model predictive control technique) based on the measured value of the current state (S530); and generating a control command for hydrogen charging based on a comparison result between the measured value of the current state and the value of the next state (S520).
- the measured value of the current state may include the measured value of the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen gas inside the CHSS 310 .
- the hydrogen charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include evaluating whether the measured value of the current state and the value of the next state satisfy constraints (S540).
- the constraint condition may be that the temperature and pressure of the compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) of the FCEV do not exceed the limit temperature and pressure limit, respectively.
- CHSS compressed hydrogen storage system
- Generating a control command may include generating a control command for a pressure ramp rate (PRR) for hydrogen charging.
- PRR pressure ramp rate
- Predicting or obtaining the next state value may include predicting a plurality of next state values forming a prediction horizon by a model.
- a control horizon corresponding to the prediction horizon is set so that a process for a future response to reach a set point is optimized based on a comparison result between a plurality of next state values and a set point. It is possible to generate a plurality of control commands to form.
- the process of reaching the set point in the future response predicted by the artificial neural network model by the model predictive control technique A plurality of control commands forming a control horizon corresponding to a prediction horizon including a plurality of next states to be optimized may be obtained.
- Updating variables/parameters for charging control and a cost function based on the values of the current state and the next state (S550) may be further included.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the concept of an artificial neural network for hydrogen charging control for a FCEV according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- measured values of the current state are input to the input layer.
- the outside air temperature Tamb ambient temperature
- pre-cooled temperature Tpre pre-cooled gas temperature
- pre-cooled pressure Tpre pre-cooled gas pressure
- the hydrogen gas temperature Tgas and the hydrogen gas pressure Pgas are values measured at the CHSS 310 side of the FCEV 300, and the actual measured values may be input to the input layer.
- the learning process of the artificial neural network may be a process of learning a function capable of predicting a next measurement value of an output layer based on a combination of input measurement values. The correlation between the data input to the input layer and the data given to the output layer is learned, and through this, it is possible to predict using Real Dynamic Fueling Data along with theoretical results.
- an actually measured on-site measurement value is delivered to an input layer, and a predicted value for the next measurement value can be obtained as an output by the operation of the artificial neural network.
- the learning process of the artificial neural network used in the embodiments of the present invention may be any of shallow learning and deep learning, and the artificial neural network may be a type of neural network suitable for the purpose of the present invention among known neural networks.
- Values input through the input layer are transferred to the output layer through weight-based calculation of the hidden layer.
- the state value (predicted value for the next state) output by the output layer may be used to calculate a state-of-charge variable, for example a charge factor (SOC), using at least a part of the thermodynamic model.
- SOC charge factor
- a real-time pressure increase rate (PRR) or a mass flow rate of compressed hydrogen (kg/s) m derived from the feedback control process may affect weights or parameters of a hidden layer of the artificial neural network.
- the artificial neural network-based hydrogen charging technique of the present invention can improve the accuracy of predicting a charging result through a model.
- Real-time charging data can be used along with theoretical simulation results, so real-time measurement values are reflected and the accuracy of prediction results can be further improved.
- FCEV fuel cell electric vehicle
- IMS intelligent integrated meta system
- the artificial neural network and model predictive control each provide necessary information (such as gas temperature and pressure measured in the CHSS 310 or predicted from the model) mutually.
- Efficient charging speed control can be realized by integrated management of distributed roles such as pre-cooling temperature adjustment according to real-time environmental changes.
- the charging station 200 may transmit the measured value (condition) of the pre-cooling gas to the IMS 400 .
- the FCEV 300 may transmit the measured value (condition) of the CHSS 310 to the IMS 400.
- the IMS 400 may be disposed on the side of the dispenser 100 or may be implemented as an independent control device.
- the IMS 400 may transmit a control command for charging control to the charging station 200 and the FCEV 300, and this configuration will be described later through the embodiments of FIGS. 13 to 16.
- the IMS 400 may communicate with the artificial neural network 120 and set control parameters to derive optimal charging results by controlling the artificial neural network 120 as needed.
- the next target pressure Ptarget is derived from the SOC predicted from the artificial neural network 120, and a control parameter (PRR or m) for this may be set.
- control parameters may be adjusted so that state values satisfy constraints in all situations using a cost function.
- the target pressure Ptarget may be derived in order to achieve the following control target based on the case where the SOC is 95% at 15 °C and NWP (Normal Working Pressure) conditions, for example.
- NWP Normal Working Pressure
- Constraints addressed in the cost function may include, for example, Tgas ⁇ 85 ° C, Pgas ⁇ 87.5 MPa, and SOC ⁇ 100%.
- the intelligent meta system 400 may be dependent on the dispenser 100 side or may be disposed independently of the dispenser 100.
- the intelligent meta system 400 may be centralized in one device or may be distributed in a plurality of hardware including the dispenser 100 and/or the charging station 200.
- the intelligent meta system 400 may be implemented in the form of a cloud server.
- the artificial neural network 120 may be disposed and implemented at a location independent of the dispenser 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the artificial neural network 120 may be deployed and trained in a cloud system, and may be used to control hydrogen charging via the dispenser 100 through wired/wireless communication.
- a separate artificial neural network is deployed and trained in the cloud system, and all or some parameters of the learned artificial neural network are transferred to the local artificial neural network 120 disposed in the dispenser 100 and used for hydrogen charging control.
- transfer learning or federated learning may be used between the artificial neural network learned in the cloud and the local artificial neural network 120 to share parameters.
- FIG. 8 is an operational flowchart illustrating an artificial neural network-based hydrogen charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hydrogen fueling method for a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) is a hydrogen fueling method based on an artificial neural network, comprising: obtaining a measurement value of a current state (S610); Generating a charging control command for hydrogen charging based on the output of the artificial neural network that takes the measured value of the current state as an input (S620); Acquiring the next state value based on the charging control command (S630); and evaluating whether a response according to the execution of the charging control command satisfies a constraint condition (S650).
- an artificial intelligence that has learned the function of generating a charging control command to reach a set point while each future response after the measured value of the current state satisfies all constraint conditions.
- a charging control command may be generated based on the output of the neural network.
- a plurality of values corresponding to a plurality of next state values are generated based on the output of the artificial neural network that has learned a function of predicting a plurality of next state values that minimizes a cost function for a state of charge. Control commands can be generated.
- FIG. 9 is an operational flowchart illustrating a training process of an artificial neural network for hydrogen charging control based on an artificial neural network-model predictive control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an artificial neural network-model predictive control based prediction horizon and an artificial neural network that has learned a function to obtain a control horizon in particular, an artificial neural network to optimize the process of reaching a set point for a future response by model predictive control Assume n future predictions obtained from the neural network model 120 and control commands corresponding thereto.
- a control system may be configured based on the artificial neural network model 120, and a real-time control system based on model predictive control may be configured by ensuring the accuracy of the artificial neural network model 120.
- the real-time control system controls the charging speed/pressure increase rate/pressure increase speed by predicting future charging results and comparing them with actual measured values. can be controlled within.
- the current SOC may be 50% and the SOCsp may be 85%.
- the SOCsp may be set to a preset default value.
- the default value may be 100%.
- SOC(t) is given as a function of Tgas(t) and Pgas(t), and this process can be performed based on a general dynamic model.
- Step S730 may be performed by generating a prediction based on the model predictive control shown in FIG. 4 using the artificial neural network 120 or the like.
- step S740 it may be determined whether the obtained n predictions are optimized prediction/control commands that meet the intended purpose.
- the control command PRR(t) is obtained based on the n predictions and control commands, and the PRR(t) can be applied to the dispenser 100-storage tank 310 (S750). .
- step S720 Thereafter, time t is increased, and new measured values Tgas(t) and Pgas(t) are obtained and transferred to the input of step S720.
- step S730 may be performed again to obtain n new prediction and control commands.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of the process of FIG. 9 in detail.
- predicted state values T and P that satisfy the temperature limit and the pressure limit may be generated for all i and k.
- i is an index representing the current time
- k is an index corresponding to each prediction/control command forming the moving horizon.
- n state prediction values and control commands according to the predicted values may be derived.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a part of the process of FIG. 9 in detail.
- step S740 of FIG. 9 can be understood as a process of searching for a set of n predictions minimizing a cost function indicating whether the final control target SOCsp is reached and the control sensitivity ⁇ .
- the control sensitivity ⁇ may include a change rate of PRR or m.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a hydrogen charging control process based on artificial neural network-model predictive control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the dispenser 100 may include a hydrogen fueling control logic 110 and an artificial neural network model 120 .
- State measurement values including the temperature and pressure of the CHSS 310 as an output of the FCEV 300 may be given to the artificial neural network model 120 as a feedback input.
- a state measurement value including the temperature and pressure of the pre-cooled hydrogen gas may be given to the artificial neural network model 120 as a feedback input.
- the artificial neural network model 120 transfers the predicted output to the hydrogen charging control logic 110, and the hydrogen charging control logic 110 transmits the predicted output to the future. Inputs may be input to the artificial neural network model 120 .
- the artificial neural network-model predictive control based control process is a control technique that utilizes both simulation and actual measurement data, and is a control technique that at least partially simulates using the artificial neural network model 120 and uses the prediction result in the control process.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an artificial neural network-based integrated control model for controlling a hydrogen charging process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the embodiment of the present invention aims to configure a hydrogen charging integrated control protocol based on real-time data, and the system is implemented using various element technologies.
- the protocol loaded in the dispenser 100 utilizes the data of the pre-cooled hydrogen gas provided from the charging station 200 and the data of the storage tank 310 provided from the vehicle 300 as real-time input values, charging by the loaded model Speed/pressure increase rate/pressure increase rate (PRR or m) can be controlled as an output.
- PRR Speed/pressure increase rate/pressure increase rate
- the pre-cooling temperature of the charging station 200 and the cooling system of the vehicle 300 are directly controlled to determine the overall charging speed/pressure increase rate/pressure increase rate (PRR or m) and process efficiency.
- PRR or m overall charging speed/pressure increase rate/pressure increase rate
- a self-cooling stabilization system may be independently installed in the pre-cooling system/pre-cooler 210 of the hydrogen filling station 200.
- the cooling stabilization system of the pre-cooler 210 may be independently controlled, and the target value of control may be integrally changed in the protocol of the dispenser 100 .
- the pre-cooler 210 may be provided with an additional function related to temperature stabilization.
- the pre-cooling temperature varies according to the initial temperature and flow rate of the hydrogen gas supplied to the pre-cooler 210, and to compensate for this, a new pre-cooler structure for stabilizing the temperature is proposed as an embodiment of the present invention. .
- the pre-cooler 210 may include a control logic for self-temperature control and linkage with a protocol.
- a forced cooling system may be installed in the storage tank 310 of the vehicle 300, and the charging speed may be improved by partially cooling the compression heat generated during hydrogen charging, and the forced cooling system of the storage tank 310 may be operated. /control can also be involved in the protocol.
- a temperature management function may be provided to the storage tank 310 of the vehicle 300 in order to improve the hydrogen charging speed and supplement the function of the integrated control protocol.
- the storage tank 310 configures a system for self-cooling to increase the overall charging speed and improve the safety of the vehicle 300
- the control logic for self-driving the system and linking with the protocol can include
- current charging efficiency can be improved through such integrated control, and preparation for the next charging can be smoothly supported.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an event-based control process for the integrated control model of FIG. 13 .
- the pre-cooling temperature of the pre-cooler 210 is set to -40 ° C
- the pre-cooling temperature has achieved the target value, but the outside temperature is higher than the set value and the temperature rise of the storage tank 310 is greater than expected
- a control signal or current state information may be transmitted to the vehicle 300/storage tank 310 so that the self-cooling system of the storage tank 310 can be driven.
- the target value of the pre-cooling temperature may be adjusted (eg, -35°C). C).
- control information or control commands may be transmitted from the dispenser 100 to both the vehicle 300 and the charging station 200 .
- the self-cooling systems of the vehicle 300 and the charging station 200 may be controlled independently or may be controlled by transmitting a signal from the dispenser 100 .
- 15 is an operational flowchart illustrating an integrated control method for hydrogen charging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a hydrogen fueling control method for a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) is an integrated control method for hydrogen charging, comprising: obtaining a measured value of a current state (S810); Based on the measurement value of the current state, determining whether a second control command for at least one of the hydrogen charging station and the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is required in addition to the first control command executed on the dispenser side (S830); and generating a second control command for at least one of the hydrogen charging station and the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle according to the determination result (S840).
- the second control command for the hydrogen charging station may include a command for adjusting a target value of the pre-cooling temperature of the hydrogen charging station.
- the second control command for the FCEV may include a cooling command for the compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) on the FCEV side.
- CHSS compressed hydrogen storage system
- the integrated control method for hydrogen charging according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include evaluating whether a measured value of a current state satisfies a constraint condition.
- the constraint condition may be that the temperature and pressure of the compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) 310 on the hydrogen electric vehicle side do not exceed the limit temperature and limit pressure, respectively.
- CHSS compressed hydrogen storage system
- the integrated control method for hydrogen filling may further include generating a first control command executed on the dispenser side (S850) based on the measured value of the current state.
- Step S830 may be performed based on the execution result of step S820 of calculating the difference between the measured value of the current CHSS 310 state and the predicted value.
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a generalized hydrogen charging control device, a hydrogen charging control system, or a computing system capable of performing at least part of the processes of FIGS. 1 to 15 .
- the hydrogen filling control device may be disposed on the dispenser 100 side.
- the hydrogen charging control system is distributed and disposed in the dispenser 100, the hydrogen charging station 200, and the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle 300, or is disposed in at least a portion of the dispenser 100, the hydrogen charging station 200, and the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle 300, at least Some actions can be controlled.
- the hydrogen charging control device and/or the hydrogen charging control system may be implemented in the form of a computing system including a processor 1100 electronically connected to the memory 1200 .
- At least some processes of the model predictive control-based hydrogen charging control method, the artificial neural network-based hydrogen charging control method, and the integrated control method for hydrogen charging according to an embodiment of the present invention are executed by the computing system 1000 of FIG. can
- a computing system 1000 includes a processor 1100, a memory 1200, a communication interface 1300, a storage device 1400, an input interface 1500, and an output It may be configured to include an interface 1600 and a bus 1700.
- the computing system 1000 includes at least one processor 1100 and instructions instructing the at least one processor 1100 to perform at least one step. It may include a memory (memory) 1200 for storing. At least some steps of the method according to an embodiment of the present invention may be performed by the at least one processor 1100 loading instructions from the memory 1200 and executing them.
- the processor 1100 may mean a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or a dedicated processor on which methods according to embodiments of the present invention are performed.
- CPU central processing unit
- GPU graphics processing unit
- dedicated processor on which methods according to embodiments of the present invention are performed.
- Each of the memory 1200 and the storage device 1400 may include at least one of a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium.
- the memory 1200 may include at least one of a read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM).
- the computing system 1000 may include a communication interface 1300 that performs communication through a wireless network.
- the computing system 1000 may further include a storage device 1400, an input interface 1500, an output interface 1600, and the like.
- each component included in the computing system 1000 may be connected by a bus 1700 to communicate with each other.
- the computing system 1000 of the present invention includes a communicable desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook, a smart phone, a tablet PC, and a mobile phone.
- mobile phone smart watch, smart glass, e-book reader, PMP (portable multimedia player), portable game device, navigation device, digital camera, DMB (digital It may be a multimedia broadcasting) player, digital audio recorder, digital audio player, digital video recorder, digital video player, personal digital assistant (PDA), and the like.
- PDA personal digital assistant
- a computer-readable recording medium includes all types of recording devices in which information readable by a computer system is stored.
- computer-readable recording media may be distributed to computer systems connected through a network to store and execute computer-readable programs or codes in a distributed manner.
- the computer-readable recording medium may include hardware devices specially configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory.
- the program command may include high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like as well as machine code generated by a compiler.
- aspects of the present invention have been described in the context of an apparatus, it may also represent a description according to a corresponding method, where a block or apparatus corresponds to a method step or feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method may also be represented by a corresponding block or item or a corresponding feature of a device. Some or all of the method steps may be performed by (or using) a hardware device such as, for example, a microprocessor, programmable computer, or electronic circuitry. In some embodiments, at least one or more of the most important method steps may be performed by such a device.
- a programmable logic device eg, a field programmable gate array
- a field-programmable gate array may operate in conjunction with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein.
- methods are preferably performed by some hardware device.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 수소 연료 모빌리티를 위한 수소 충전(hydrogen fueling) 제어 방법으로서,현재 상태의 측정값을 획득하는 단계;상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 기반하여, 디스펜서 측에서 실행되는 제1 제어 명령 외에 수소 충전소 및 수소 연료 모빌리티 중 적어도 하나 이상을 위한 제2 제어 명령이 필요한 지 여부를 판정하는 단계; 및상기 판정 결과에 따라 상기 수소 충전소 및 상기 수소 연료 모빌리티 중 적어도 하나 이상을 위한 상기 제2 제어 명령을 생성하는 단계;를 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 수소 충전소를 위한 상기 제2 제어 명령은상기 수소 충전소의 예냉 온도의 목표값을 조정하는 명령을 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 수소 연료 모빌리티를 위한 상기 제2 제어 명령은상기 수소 연료 모빌리티 측의 압축수소저장시스템(CHSS)의 냉각 명령을 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 현재 상태의 측정값이 제약 조건을 충족하는 지 평가하는 단계;를 더 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 제약 조건은 상기 수소 연료 모빌리티 측의 압축수소저장시스템의 온도 및 압력 각각이 한계 온도 및 한계 압력을 초과하지 않는 것인,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 기반하여, 상기 디스펜서 측에서 실행되는 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는 단계;를 더 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 제어 명령은상기 수소 충전을 위한 압력 증가율(PRR, Pressure ramp rate)에 대한 제어 명령을 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는 단계는,상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 대한 시뮬레이션 결과 및 실제 현장 데이터에 기반하여 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는 단계는,상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 기반한 모델 예측 제어 기법을 이용하여 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는 단계는,상기 현재 상태의 측정값을 입력으로 하는 인공 신경망의 출력에 기반하여 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 방법.
- 수소 연료 모빌리티를 위한 수소 충전(hydrogen fueling) 제어 장치로서,프로세서(processor); 및적어도 하나 이상의 명령을 저장하는 메모리(memory);를 포함하고,상기 프로세서는 상기 적어도 하나 이상의 명령을 실행함으로써:현재 상태의 측정값을 획득하고,상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 기반하여, 디스펜서 측에서 실행되는 제1 제어 명령 외에 수소 충전소 및 수소 연료 모빌리티 중 적어도 하나 이상을 위한 제2 제어 명령이 필요한 지 여부를 판정하고,상기 판정 결과에 따라 상기 수소 충전소 및 상기 수소 연료 모빌리티 중 적어도 하나 이상을 위한 상기 제2 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 수소 충전소를 위한 상기 제2 제어 명령은상기 수소 충전소의 예냉 온도의 목표값을 조정하는 명령을 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 수소 연료 모빌리티를 위한 상기 제2 제어 명령은상기 수소 연료 모빌리티 측의 압축수소저장시스템(CHSS)의 냉각 명령을 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 현재 상태의 측정값이 제약 조건을 충족하는 지 평가하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 제약 조건은 상기 수소 연료 모빌리티 측의 압축수소저장시스템의 온도 및 압력 각각이 한계 온도 및 한계 압력을 초과하지 않는 것인,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는, 상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 기반하여, 상기 디스펜서 측에서 실행되는 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 제1 제어 명령은상기 수소 충전을 위한 압력 증가율(PRR, Pressure ramp rate)에 대한 제어 명령을 포함하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 대한 시뮬레이션 결과 및 실제 현장 데이터에 기반하여 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 현재 상태의 측정값에 기반한 모델 예측 제어 기법을 이용하여 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 프로세서는,상기 현재 상태의 측정값을 입력으로 하는 인공 신경망의 출력에 기반하여 상기 제1 제어 명령을 생성하는,수소 충전을 위한 통합 제어 장치.
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| US18/706,933 US20240418322A1 (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | Integrated control system, method, and device, for hydrogen fueling based on real-time control |
| JP2024527238A JP7789328B2 (ja) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | リアルタイム制御基盤水素充填のための統合制御システム、方法及び装置 |
| EP22890421.5A EP4428428A4 (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | SYSTEM, METHOD AND INTEGRATED CONTROL DEVICE FOR REAL-TIME HYDROGEN REFUELING |
| CN202280080581.7A CN118369536A (zh) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | 基于实时控制的加氢的集成控制系统、方法和装置 |
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| PCT/KR2022/017176 Ceased WO2023080689A1 (ko) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-11-03 | 모델 예측 제어 기반 수소 충전 시스템, 방법 및 장치 |
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| WO2025150993A1 (ko) * | 2024-01-12 | 2025-07-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 통신 환경에 따라 특화된 모델에 기반하는 수소 연료공급 방법 및 그 방법을 이용하는 제어 장치 |
| KR20250110757A (ko) * | 2024-01-12 | 2025-07-21 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 주어진 연료공급 프로토콜을 개선하기 위한 모델 기반 수소 연료공급 방법 및 그 방법을 이용하는 제어 장치 |
| WO2026095610A1 (ko) * | 2024-10-31 | 2026-05-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 수소 연료공급을 위한 통신 방법 및 통신 장치 |
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