WO2023082733A1 - 监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序 - Google Patents

监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023082733A1
WO2023082733A1 PCT/CN2022/110791 CN2022110791W WO2023082733A1 WO 2023082733 A1 WO2023082733 A1 WO 2023082733A1 CN 2022110791 W CN2022110791 W CN 2022110791W WO 2023082733 A1 WO2023082733 A1 WO 2023082733A1
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Prior art keywords
new energy
connected system
grid
energy grid
overvoltage
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙华东
王一鸣
徐式蕴
赵兵
王姝彦
毕经天
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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Priority to AU2022275536A priority Critical patent/AU2022275536B2/en
Priority to EP22798050.5A priority patent/EP4203230B1/en
Publication of WO2023082733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082733A1/zh
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/001Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
    • H02J3/00125Transmission line or load transient problems, e.g. overvoltage, resonance or self-excitation of inductive loads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • H02J3/40Synchronisation of generators for connection to a network or to another generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2101/00Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
    • H02J2101/20Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2103/00Details of circuit arrangements for mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2103/30Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of electric power control, and in particular to a method, device, medium, equipment and program for monitoring the synchronization security and stability of a new energy grid-connected system.
  • the new energy power supply with the power electronic converter as the grid-connected interface has obvious characteristics of multi-time scale coupling, multi-control link interaction, nonlinear dynamics and low inertia.
  • the synchronization stability problem of power system has attracted extensive attention of researchers at home and abroad.
  • research on the synchronization stability of power electronic grid-connected interface devices such as new energy power supplies and flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) mainly focuses on the existence of equilibrium points and the kinetic energy changes of virtual rotors in transient processes.
  • the research object is to analyze the synchronization stability of the grid-connected system of new energy power generation equipment.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for monitoring the synchronization security and stability of the new energy grid-connected system, Devices, media, equipment and programs, wherein the new energy grid-connected system includes new energy power generation equipment and an AC power grid, and the new energy power generation equipment is connected to the AC power grid, and realize synchronous operation with the AC power grid through a phase-locked loop (Phase Locked Loop, PLL) in the VSC, the method includes:
  • the overvoltage constraint and the AC grid voltage determine the safety boundary of the relative phase lock angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint;
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a device for monitoring the synchronization, safety and stability of a new energy grid-connected system.
  • the new energy grid-connected system includes new energy power generation equipment and an AC power grid.
  • the new energy power generation equipment is based on a voltage source converter VSC interface. into the AC grid, and realize the synchronous operation with the AC grid through the phase-locked loop PLL in the VSC, and the device includes:
  • the data acquisition part is configured to collect the machine terminal voltage, AC bus voltage, AC grid voltage and current input to the new energy power generation equipment of the new energy power generation equipment when the new energy grid-connected system fails;
  • the first determining part is configured to determine the real-time relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system according to the machine terminal voltage based on the pre-established PLL control logic;
  • the second determining part is configured to determine the synchronization of the new energy grid-connected system based on the pre-established machine terminal voltage control logic of the new energy power generation equipment according to the AC grid voltage and the input current of the new energy power generation equipment operational range;
  • the dominant constraint part is configured to determine the new energy grid-connected system's overvoltage restraint
  • the third determining part is configured to determine the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint according to the overvoltage constraint and the AC grid voltage;
  • the fourth determination part is configured to determine the overvoltage constraint-based overvoltage constraint based on the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system and the security boundary of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint. Describe the operational range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system;
  • the safety early warning part is configured to generate early warning information of synchronization safety and stability of the new energy grid-connected system according to the real-time relative phase-locked angle and the operable range of the relative phase-locked angle.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the method for monitoring synchronization security and stability of a new energy grid-connected system described above.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, which includes: a processor; a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; and the processor, for reading the executable instructions from the memory. Executing the instructions, and executing the executable instructions to implement the method for monitoring the synchronization security and stability of the new energy grid-connected system described above.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer program, where the computer program includes computer readable codes, and when the computer readable codes run in an electronic device, the processor of the electronic device executes the program to implement the above-mentioned The method for monitoring the synchronization security and stability of the new energy grid-connected system described above.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, device, medium, equipment and program for monitoring the synchronization safety and stability of a new energy grid-connected system, wherein the method includes: calculating the real-time relative phase-locking angle according to the collected parameters, and determining the new The synchronous operable range of the energy grid-connected system, the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints, and the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system and the new energy parallel system based on overvoltage constraints
  • the safety boundary of the relative phase-locked angle of the grid system determines the operable range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints; by judging whether the real-time phase-locked angle exists in the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints Judging the synchronization safety and stability of the new energy grid-connected system within the operable range of the relative phase-locking angle of the system.
  • the above method can reduce the probability of equipment safety issues such as the off-grid risk of new energy power generation equipment or equipment insulation breakdown caused by overvoltage, and reduce the probability of system chain accidents that may be caused in the future, and can fully protect new energy and The synchronous safe and stable operation of the network system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for monitoring the synchronization security stability of a new energy grid-connected system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a topological structure diagram of a new energy merger and acquisition system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a graph of simulation verification of the synchronous operation range of the new energy grid-connected system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operational range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for monitoring synchronization security and stability of a new energy grid-connected system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 is a structure of an electronic device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • plural may refer to two or more than two, and “at least one” may refer to one, two or more than two.
  • the term "and/or" in the embodiments of the present disclosure is only an association relationship describing associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which may indicate: A exists alone, and A exists at the same time and B, there are three cases of B alone.
  • the character "/" in the embodiments of the present disclosure generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or” relationship. It should also be understood that the description of the various embodiments in the present disclosure emphasizes the differences between the various embodiments, and the same or similar points can be referred to each other.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, servers, etc., which may operate with numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations.
  • Examples of well known terminal devices, computing systems, environments and/or configurations suitable for use with electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, servers include, but are not limited to: personal computer systems, server computer systems, thin clients, thick client Computers, handheld or laptop devices, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, networked personal computers, minicomputer systems, mainframe computer systems, and distributed cloud computing technology environments including any of the foregoing, etc.
  • Electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, servers, etc. may be described in the general context of computer system-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by the computer system.
  • program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.
  • the computer system/server can be practiced in distributed cloud computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network.
  • program modules may be located in both local and remote computing system storage media including storage devices.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for monitoring synchronization security and stability of a new energy grid-connected system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • This embodiment can be applied to electronic equipment, wherein the new energy grid-connected system includes new energy power generation equipment and an AC power grid, and the new energy power generation equipment is connected to the AC power grid based on the voltage source converter VSC, and through the phase-locking in the VSC
  • the ring PLL realizes the synchronous operation with the AC power grid; as shown in Figure 1, it includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 when the new energy grid-connected system fails, collect the machine terminal voltage, AC bus voltage, AC grid voltage and current input to the new energy power generation equipment of the new energy power generation equipment.
  • Fig. 2 is a topological structure diagram of a new energy merger and acquisition system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the new energy grid-connected system includes a new energy power generation device 201 and an AC power grid 202, and the new energy power generation device 201 is connected to the AC power grid 202 based on VSC, and through the phase-locked loop PLL in the VSC Realize synchronous operation with the AC power grid, and ic 206 is the current input to the new energy power generation equipment 201;
  • ur 203 and u g 202 are the new energy machine terminal voltage and the AC grid voltage respectively;
  • L r 204 and L g 205 are respectively Line inductance and Thevenin equivalent inductance of the AC grid.
  • Step 102 based on the pre-established PLL control logic, determine the real-time relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system according to the machine terminal voltage.
  • step 102 "calculate the real-time relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the pre-established PLL control logic based on the machine terminal voltage" in the above step 102 can be implemented through the following process:
  • k p_pll and k i_pll are the proportional-integral control parameters of the PLL, and
  • x pll is the intermediate variable introduced, To calculate the first order derivative of said intermediate variable;
  • ⁇ pll is the real-time relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system
  • ⁇ g is the angular frequency of the AC grid voltage u g
  • t is the time variable.
  • Step 103 based on the pre-established terminal voltage control logic of the new energy power generation equipment, determine the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system according to the AC grid voltage and the current input to the new energy power generation equipment.
  • step 103 "based on the pre-established terminal voltage control logic of the new energy power generation equipment, according to the AC grid voltage and the current input to the new energy power generation equipment, determine the synchronization of the new energy grid-connected system "operable range", which can be achieved by the following process:
  • the calculation formula of the stable balance point is determined, wherein the expression of the machine terminal voltage control logic of the new energy power generation equipment is formula (3):
  • ic is the current input to the new energy power generation equipment
  • u r and u g are the machine terminal voltage and the AC grid voltage of the new energy power generation equipment, respectively; and are the d-axis component and q-axis component of the terminal voltage of the new energy power generation equipment, respectively; and Respectively, the d-axis component and q-axis component of the AC grid voltage; and are the d-axis component and q-axis component of the current input to the new energy power generation equipment
  • U g is the amplitude of the AC grid voltage
  • PSCAD/EMTDC Power Systems Computer Aided Design
  • the synchronous operating range of the system is [-180°, 180°].
  • Step 104 determine the overvoltage constraint of the new energy grid-connected system according to the machine terminal voltage and the preset machine terminal overvoltage protection setting, as well as the AC bus voltage and the preset AC bus overvoltage insulation limit.
  • step 104 "according to the machine terminal voltage and the preset machine terminal overvoltage protection setting, as well as the AC bus voltage and the preset AC bus overvoltage insulation limit, determine the new energy source and Overvoltage constraints of grid system" can be achieved through the following process:
  • U r the overvoltage protection setting value of the new energy machine terminal overvoltage protection
  • U sN the AC bus voltage Insulation coordination limit
  • Step 105 according to the overvoltage constraint and the AC grid voltage, determine the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint.
  • step 105 "according to the overvoltage constraint and the AC grid voltage, determine the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint" can be achieved through the following process:
  • ⁇ 0 is the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system in the rated operating state
  • the safety boundary ⁇ DOC1 of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system under the common constraint of the amplitude U s of the new energy grid-connected system is: The safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle, or the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system determined according to formula (6) under the constraint of the amplitude U s of the AC bus voltage.
  • the machine terminal overvoltage protection when the amplitude U r of the machine terminal voltage of the new energy power generation equipment touches the fixed value U rN of the machine terminal overvoltage protection, the machine terminal overvoltage protection will operate without delay.
  • a simulation verification is performed on the synchronous operation range of the new energy grid-connected system based on the high-order PSCAD/EMTDC model.
  • Step 106 according to the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system and the safety boundary of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints, determine the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints operable range.
  • step 106 "according to the safety boundary of the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system and the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint, determine the The operable range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system" can be achieved through the following process:
  • the operating range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints is [ ⁇ DOC1 , ⁇ UEP2 ];
  • the operating range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints is [ ⁇ UEP1 , ⁇ UEP2 ].
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an operational range of a relative phase-locked angle based on an overvoltage constraint of a new energy grid-connected system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the angle ⁇ pll between the d-axis component of the VSC voltage and the AC grid voltage u g swings to -21.09°
  • the overvoltage protection action will be triggered due to the over-limit voltage of the new energy machine terminal, which will endanger the new energy grid connection.
  • Step 107 according to the real-time relative phase-locking angle and the operable range of the relative phase-locking angle, generate early warning information of synchronization security and stability of the new energy grid-connected system.
  • step 107 "generate early warning information of the synchronous security and stability of the new energy grid-connected system according to the real-time relative phase-locking angle and the operable range of the relative phase-locking angle"
  • the following process can be used to fulfill:
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ pll ⁇ ⁇ 2 it is determined that the new energy grid-connected system is in a synchronous, safe and stable operation state, where ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the lower limit values of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system, respectively. and the upper limit;
  • the operable range of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system is determined to be (-21.91°, 180°) through step 106, then when the real-time relative phase-locking angle calculated according to the collected parameters is within the
  • the above-mentioned operable range 21.91°, 180°
  • it is determined that the new energy grid-connected system is in a synchronous, safe and stable operation state;
  • it is determined that the new energy grid-connected system deviates from the synchronous, safe and stable operation state.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for monitoring synchronization security and stability of a new energy grid-connected system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the device for monitoring the synchronization safety and stability of the new energy grid-connected system described in this embodiment wherein the new energy grid-connected system includes new energy power generation equipment and an AC power grid, and the new energy power generation equipment is based on a voltage source
  • the converter VSC is connected to the AC grid, and realizes synchronous operation with the AC grid through the phase-locked loop PLL in the VSC.
  • the device includes:
  • the data collection part 501 is configured to collect the terminal voltage of the new energy power generation equipment, the AC bus voltage, the AC grid voltage and the current input to the new energy power generation equipment when the new energy grid-connected system fails;
  • the first determining part 502 is configured to determine the real-time relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system according to the machine terminal voltage based on the pre-established PLL control logic;
  • the second determining part 503 is configured to determine the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system based on the pre-established terminal voltage control logic of the new energy power generation equipment, according to the AC grid voltage and the current input to the new energy power generation equipment;
  • the dominant constraint part 504 is configured to determine the overvoltage of the new energy grid-connected system according to the machine terminal voltage and the preset machine terminal overvoltage protection setting, as well as the AC bus voltage and the preset AC bus overvoltage insulation limit value. voltage constraints;
  • the third determining part 505 is configured to determine the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint according to the overvoltage constraint and the AC grid voltage;
  • the fourth determining part 506 is configured to determine the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint according to the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system and the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on the overvoltage constraint The operating range of the relative phase-locking angle of the system;
  • the safety early warning part 507 is configured to generate early warning information of synchronization security and stability of the new energy grid-connected system according to the real-time relative phase-lock angle and the operable range of the relative phase-lock angle.
  • the first determination part 502 is further configured to substitute the machine terminal voltage into the pre-established PLL control logic to calculate the phase lock angle of the new energy grid-connected system, wherein the PLL control logic
  • the expression is:
  • k p_pll and k i_pll are the proportional-integral control parameters of the PLL, and
  • x pll is the intermediate variable introduced, To calculate the first order derivative of said intermediate variable;
  • ⁇ pll ⁇ pll - ⁇ g t (2)
  • ⁇ pll is the real-time relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system
  • ⁇ g is the angular frequency of the AC grid voltage u g
  • t is the time variable.
  • the second determining part 503 is further configured to determine the calculation formula of the stable balance point according to the pre-established terminal voltage control logic of the new energy power generation equipment, wherein the new energy power generation equipment
  • the expression of machine terminal voltage control logic is:
  • ic is the current input to the new energy power generation equipment
  • u r and u g are the machine terminal voltage and the AC grid voltage of the new energy power generation equipment respectively; and are the d-axis component and q-axis component of the terminal voltage of the new energy power generation equipment, respectively; and Respectively, the d-axis component and q-axis component of the AC grid voltage; and are respectively the d-axis component and the q-axis component of the current input to the new energy power generation equipment
  • U g is the amplitude of the AC grid voltage
  • the dominant constraint part 504 is further configured to compare the amplitude U r of the generator terminal voltage with the set generator terminal overvoltage protection setting U rN , and the AC bus voltage The amplitude U s and the set busbar overvoltage insulation limit U sN , where:
  • the third determination part 505 is further configured to: when the overvoltage constraint of the new energy grid-connected system is dominated by the amplitude U r of the machine terminal voltage of the new energy power generation equipment, in its The calculation formula of the safety boundary ⁇ DOC1 of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system under the overvoltage constraint is:
  • ⁇ 0 is the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system in the rated operating state
  • the safety boundary ⁇ DOC1 of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system under the common constraint of the amplitude U s of the new energy grid-connected system is: The safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle, or the safety boundary of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system under the constraint of the amplitude U s of the AC bus voltage determined according to formula (6).
  • the fourth determination part 506 is further configured to set the upper limit value ⁇ UEP1 and the lower limit value ⁇ UEP2 , respectively compared with the safety boundary ⁇ DOC1 of the relative phase-locking angle; when ⁇ UEP1 ⁇ ⁇ DOC1 ⁇ ⁇ UEP2 , the operable range of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints is [ ⁇ DOC1 , ⁇ UEP2 ]; when ⁇ DOC1 ⁇ ⁇ UEP1 or ⁇ DOC1 ⁇ ⁇ UEP2 , the operating range of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints is [ ⁇ UEP1 , ⁇ UEP2 ].
  • the security warning part 507 is further configured to:
  • ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ pll ⁇ ⁇ 2 it is determined that the new energy grid-connected system is in a synchronous, safe and stable operation state, where ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the lower limit values of the relative phase-locking angle of the new energy grid-connected system, respectively. and the upper limit;
  • the device for monitoring the synchronization safety and stability of the new energy grid-connected system calculates and analyzes the parameters collected when the new energy grid-connected system fails, thereby judging whether the real-time relative phase-locked angle is within the overvoltage constraint
  • the steps within the operable range of the relative phase lock angle of the new energy grid-connected system are the same as the steps taken by the method for monitoring the synchronization security stability of the new energy grid-connected system provided above in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the achieved technical The effect is also the same, here you can refer to the above method side description.
  • FIG. 6 is a structure of an electronic device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electronic device may be either or both of the first device and the second device, or a stand-alone device independent of them, and the stand-alone device may communicate with the first device and the second device to receive collected data from them. input signal.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6 , the electronic device includes one or more processors 601 and memory 602 .
  • the processor 601 can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and can control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • Memory 602 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory.
  • the volatile memory may include, for example, a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) and/or a cache memory (cache), etc.
  • the non-volatile memory may include, for example, a read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), a hard disk, a flash memory, and the like.
  • One or more computer program instructions can be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 601 can run the program instructions to realize the monitoring of the new energy grid-connected system of the software programs of the various embodiments disclosed above. method of synchronizing security stability and/or other desired functionality.
  • the electronic device may further include: an input device 603 and an output device 604, and these components are interconnected through a bus system and/or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).
  • the input device 603 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
  • the output device 604 can output various information to the outside.
  • the output device 34 may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, a communication network and its connected remote output devices, and the like.
  • the electronic device may also include any other suitable components according to specific applications.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may also be computer program products, which include computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the above-mentioned "exemplary method" of this specification.
  • the computer program product can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages to execute the program codes for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the programming languages include object-oriented programming languages, such as Java, C++, etc. , also includes conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" language or similar programming languages.
  • the program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server to execute.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer program, the computer program includes computer readable codes, and when the computer readable codes run in the electronic device, the processor of the electronic device executes the program to implement the method provided by the above embodiments. Any synchronous security and stability method for monitoring new energy grid-connected systems.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure may also be a computer-readable storage medium on which computer program instructions are stored.
  • the processor executes the method described in the above-mentioned "Exemplary Method" section of this specification.
  • a method for information mining of historical change records according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may adopt any combination of one or more readable mediums.
  • the readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.
  • a readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or device, or any combination thereof, for example.
  • readable storage media include: electrical connection with one or more conductors, portable disk, hard disk, RAM, ROM, Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) Memory, EPROM) or flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • the methods and apparatuses provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in many ways.
  • the methods and apparatuses of the present disclosure may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination of software, hardware, and firmware.
  • the above sequence of steps used in the method is for illustration only, and the steps of the method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the sequence described above, unless otherwise specified.
  • the present disclosure can also be implemented as programs recorded in recording media, the programs including machine-readable instructions for realizing the method according to the present disclosure.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also cover a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present disclosure.
  • each component or each step can be decomposed and/or reassembled. These decompositions and/or recombinations should be considered equivalents of the present disclosure.
  • the above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the disclosed embodiments. Thus, the disclosed embodiments are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure discloses a method, device, medium, equipment and program for monitoring the synchronization safety and stability of a new energy grid-connected system, wherein the method includes: calculating the real-time relative phase-locking angle according to the collected parameters, and determining The synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system, the safety boundary of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints, and the synchronous operable range of the new energy grid-connected system and the safety boundary of the relative phase-locked angle , to determine the operable range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints; by judging whether the real-time phase-locked angle exists within the operable range of the relative phase-locked angle of the new energy grid-connected system based on overvoltage constraints Inside, judge the synchronization security and stability of the new energy grid-connected system.

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Abstract

本公开实施例公开了一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序,其中,所述方法包括:根据采集的参数计算实时相对锁相角,以及确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,并由新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;通过判断实时锁相角是否存在于基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围内,判断新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性。上述方法能够降低由过电压引发的新能源发电设备安全问题的发生概率,并能够充分保障新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定运行。

Description

监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求2021年11月09日提交的中国专利申请号为202111316625.5、申请人为中国电力科学研究院有限公司,申请名称为“一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法和装置”的优先权,该申请的全文以引用的方式并入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开实施例涉及电力控制领域,尤其涉及一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序。
背景技术
随着电网中风电、光伏等新能源装机比例不断提升,新能源发电量占电网总发电量的比例也不断增加,新能源电源将逐渐成为能源增量的主体。
相比于传统同步电源,以电力电子变换器为并网接口的新能源电源具有明显的多时间尺度耦合、多控制环节交互、非线性动态和低惯性等特点,其在弱电网条件下引发的电力系统同步稳定性问题已引起国内外研究者的广泛关注。目前,针对新能源电源、柔性交流输电系统(Flexible AC Transmission Systems,FACTS)等电力电子型并网接口设备的同步稳定性研究,其主要以平衡点存在性、暂态过程虚拟转子的动能变化为研究对象对新能源发电设备并网系统的同步稳定性进行分析。
近年来,以过电压为代表的电力系统安全性问题日渐凸显,具有无功控制特性的新能源发电设备在暂态过程中因控制不协调引发的无功短时盈余,是引发高比例新能源电力系统过电压的主要原因之一。然而,相关技术中,同步稳定性分析与控制相关研究仅从新能源发电设备自身的同步运行能力出发,并未考虑新能源发电设备所接入的交流系统安全稳定运行要求对设备同步运行的约束,难以保障所接入交流系统的安全稳定运行。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中对新能源并网系统进行同步安全稳定性评估时,没有考虑过电压影响的技术问题,本公开实施例提供一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序,其中,所述新能源并网系统包括新能源发电设备和交流电网,所述新能源发电设备基于电压源型换流器(Voltage Source Converter,VSC)接入所述交流电网,并通过VSC中的锁相环(Phase Locked Loop,PLL)实现与所述交流电网的同步运行,所述方法包括:
当所述新能源并网系统发生故障时,采集所述新能源发电设备的机端电压、交流母线电压、交流电网电压和输入所述新能源发电设备的电流;
基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据所述机端电压确定所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角;
基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,根据所述交流电网电压和所述输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围;
根据所述机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及所述交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束;
根据所述过电压约束和所述交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网 系统的相对锁相角的安全边界;
根据所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和所述基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;
根据所述实时相对锁相角和所述相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成所述新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息。
本公开实施例提供一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的装置,所述新能源并网系统包括新能源发电设备和交流电网,新能源发电设备基于电压源型换流器VSC接入所述交流电网,并通过VSC中的锁相环PLL实现与所述交流电网的同步运行,所述装置包括:
数据采集部分,被配置为当所述新能源并网系统发生故障时,采集所述新能源发电设备的机端电压、交流母线电压、交流电网电压和输入所述新能源发电设备的电流;
第一确定部分,被配置为基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据所述机端电压确定所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角;
第二确定部分,被配置为基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,根据所述交流电网电压和所述输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围;
主导约束部分,被配置为根据所述机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及所述交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束;
第三确定部分,被配置为根据所述过电压约束和所述交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界;
第四确定部分,被配置为根据新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和所述基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;
安全预警部分,被配置为根据所述实时相对锁相角和所述相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成所述新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息。
本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序用于执行上述所述的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法。
本公开实施例还提供一种电子设备,所述电子设备包括:处理器;用于存储所述处理器可执行指令的存储器;所述处理器,用于从所述存储器中读取所述可执行指令,并执行所述可执行指令以实现上述所述的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法。
本公开实施例还提供一种计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括计算机可读代码,在所述计算机可读代码在电子设备中运行的情况下,所述电子设备的处理器执行用于实现上述所述的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性方法。
本公开实施例提供一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序,其中,所述方法包括:根据采集的参数计算实时相对锁相角,以及确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,并由新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;通过判断实时锁相角是否存在于基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围内,判断新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性。上述方法能够降低由过电压引发的新能源发电设备脱网风险或设备绝缘击穿等设备安全问题的发生概率,以及降低后续可能引发的系统连锁性事故的发生概率,并能够充分保障新能源并网系统的同步安 全稳定运行。
下面通过附图和实施例,对本公开实施例提供的技术方案做详细描述。
附图说明
通过结合附图对本公开实施例进行更详细的描述,本公开实施例的上述以及其他目的、特征和优势将变得更加明显。附图用来提供对本公开实施例的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本公开实施例一起用于解释本公开实施例,并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中,相同的参考标号通常代表相同部件或步骤。
图1是本公开一示例性实施例提供的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法的流程示意图;
图2是本公开一示例性实施例提供的新能源并购系统的拓扑结构图;
图3是本公开一示例性实施例提供的对新能源并网系统的同步运行范围进行仿真验证的曲线图;
图4是本公开一示例性实施例提供的基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围的示意图;
图5是本公开一示例性实施例提供的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的装置的结构示意图;
图6是本公开一示例性实施例提供的电子设备的结构。
具体实施方式
下面,将参考附图详细地描述根据本公开的示例实施例。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例,而不是本公开的全部实施例,应理解,本公开不受这里描述的示例实施例的限制。
应注意到:除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开实施例的范围。
本领域技术人员可以理解,本公开实施例中的“第一”、“第二”等术语仅用于区别不同步骤、设备或模块等,既不代表任何特定技术含义,也不表示它们之间的必然逻辑顺序。
还应理解,在本公开实施例中,“多个”可以指两个或两个以上,“至少一个”可以指一个、两个或两个以上。
还应理解,对于本公开实施例中提及的任一部件、数据或结构,在没有明确限定或者在前后文给出相反启示的情况下,一般可以理解为一个或多个。
另外,本公开实施例中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本公开实施例中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。还应理解,本公开对各个实施例的描述着重强调各个实施例之间的不同之处,其相同或相似之处可以相互参考。
同时,应当明白,为了便于描述,附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本公开实施例及其应用或使用的任何限制。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本公开实施例可以应用于终端设备、计算机系统、服务器等电子设备,其可与众多其它通用或专用计算系统环境或配置一起操作。适于与终端设备、计算机系统、服务器等电子设备一起使用的众所周知的终端设备、计算系统、环境和/或配置的例子包括但不限于:个人计算机系统、服务器计算机系统、瘦客户机、厚客户机、手持或膝上设备、基于微处理器的系统、机顶盒、可编程消费电子产品、网络个人电脑、小型计算机系统﹑大型计算机系统和包括上述任何系统的分布式云计算技术环境,等等。
终端设备、计算机系统、服务器等电子设备可以在由计算机系统执行的计算机系统可执行指令(诸如程序模块)的一般语境下描述。通常,程序模块可以包括例程、程序、目标程序、组件、逻辑、数据结构等等,它们执行特定的任务或者实现特定的抽象数据类型。计算机系统/服务器可以在分布式云计算环境中实施,分布式云计算环境中,任务是由通过通信网络链接的远程处理设备执行的。在分布式云计算环境中,程序模块可以位于包括存储设备的本地或远程计算系统存储介质上。
示例性方法
图1是本公开一示例性实施例提供的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法的流程示意图。本实施例可应用在电子设备上,其中,新能源并网系统包括新能源发电设备和交流电网,新能源发电设备基于电压源型换流器VSC接入交流电网,并通过VSC中的锁相环PLL实现与交流电网的同步运行;如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
步骤101,当新能源并网系统发生故障时,采集新能源发电设备的机端电压、交流母线电压、交流电网电压和输入新能源发电设备的电流。
图2是本公开一示例性实施例提供的新能源并购系统的拓扑结构图。如图2所示,在一实施例中,新能源并网系统包括新能源发电设备201和交流电网202,新能源发电设备201基于VSC接入交流电网202,并通过VSC中的锁相环PLL实现与交流电网的同步运行,且i c206为输入新能源发电设备201的电流;u r203和u g202分别为新能源机端电压和交流电网电压;L r204和L g205分别为线路电感和交流电网的戴维南等效电感。
步骤102,基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据机端电压确定新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角。
在本公开的一些实施例中,上述步骤102中“基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据所述机端电压计算新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角”,可以通过以下过程来实现:
将机端电压代入预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,计算新能源并网系统的锁相角,其中,PLL控制逻辑的表达式为公式(1):
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000001
式中,u r为新能源发电设备的机端电压;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000002
为新能源发电设备的机端电压的q轴分量;θ pll为新能源并网系统的锁相角,
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000003
为计算所述锁相角的一阶导数,k p_pll、k i_pll为PLL的比例积分控制参数,x pll为引入的中间变量,
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000004
为计算所述中间变量的一阶导数;
将新能源并网系统的锁相角代入实时相对锁相角计算公式,确定新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,其中,实时相对锁相角计算公式为公式(2):
δ pll=θ pllgt   公式(2);
式中,δ pll为新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,ω g为交流电网电压u g的角频率,t为时间变量。
步骤103,基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,根据交流电网电压和输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围。
在本公开的一些实施例中,上述步骤103中“基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,根据交流电网电压和输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围”,可以通过以下过程来实现:
根据预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,确定稳定平衡点计算公式,其中,所述新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑的表达式为公式(3):
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000005
结合图2可知,式中,i c为输入新能源发电设备的电流;u r和u g分别为新能源发电设备的机端电压和交流电网电压;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000007
分别为新能源发电设备机端电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000009
分别为交流电网电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000011
分别为输入新能源发电设备的电流的d轴分量、q轴分量;L r和L g分别为线路电感和交流电网的戴维南等效电感,L Σ为并网电感,其表达式为L Σ=L r+L g;ω pll为PLL的角频率;
公式(3)中,令
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000012
则得到稳定平衡点计算公式,即公式(4):
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000013
式中,U g为交流电网电压的幅值;
对公式(4)求解,确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2],其中,
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000014
在一实施例中,通过建立考虑控制外环、控制内环、PLL和线路动态的高阶电磁暂态仿真软件(Power Systems Computer Aided Design,PSCAD/EMTDC)模型,对本公开实施例提供的新能源并网系统进行时域仿真,假设id=0,iq=-1。将电流假设条件带入公式(4)中,可知:系统的稳态平衡点δ SEP=0°,稳定区域的下限为:δ UEP1=-180°,稳定区域的上限为:δ UEP2=180°。
因此,所述系统的同步运行范围为[-180°,180°]。
步骤104,根据机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束。
在本公开的一些实施例中,上述步骤104中“根据机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束”,可以通过以下过程来实现:
比较机端电压的幅值U r与设置的机端过电压保护定值U rN,以及交流母线电压的幅值U s与设置的母线过电压绝缘限值U sN,其中:
有且仅有机端电压的幅值U r不小于机端过电压保护定值U rN时,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导;
有且仅有交流母线电压的幅值U s不小于母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束为交流母线电压幅值U s主导;
当机端电压幅值U r不小于机端过电压保护定值U rN,且交流母线电压幅值U s不小于母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导。
在一实施例中,为保证故障恢复过程中新能源发电设备的安全性,本公开实施例设置新能源机端过电压保护的机端过电压保护定值U rN=1.30p.u.,交流母线电压的绝缘配合限值U sN=1.367p.u.。根据新能源并网系统发生故障时采集的新能源发电设备的机端电压和交流母线电压确定本公开实施例中,新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导。
步骤105,根据过电压约束和交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界。
在本公开的一些实施例中,上述步骤105中“根据过电压约束和交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界”,可通过以下过程实现:
当新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导时,在其过电压约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为公式(5):
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000015
式中,δ 0为新能源并网系统在额定运行状态下的相对锁相角;
当新能源并网系统的过电压约束为交流母线电压的幅值U s主导时,在其过电压约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为公式(6):
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000016
当新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导时,在机端电压的幅值U r和交流母线电压的幅值U s共同约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1为:根据公式(5)确定的机端电压的幅值U r约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,或,根据公式(6)确定的在交流母线电压的幅值U s约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界。
在一实施例中,当新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r触碰机端过电压保护定值U rN时,机端过电压保护无延时动作。基于公式(5)可得新能源发电设备机端过电压保护动作瞬间,过电压约束下的相对锁相角的安全边界为δ DOC1=-21.91°,远小于新能源并网系统的同步运行范围的下限值-180°。
为了验证本公开实施例的方法的有效性,基于高阶PSCAD/EMTDC模型对新能源并网系统的同步运行范围进行仿真验证。
图3是本公开一示例性实施例提供的对新能源并网系统的同步运行范围进行仿真验证的曲线图。如图3所示,仿真结果表明:t=3.066s时新能源发电设备的机端电压达到1.30p.u.,触发新能源机端过电压约束,与实际运行时采集的数据一致。新能源机端过电压约束无延时动作,越限的新能源发电设备被快速切除,系统中的短时无功盈余被快速清除,系统电压快速回落,在满足新能源发电设备安全性的同时保证了高比例新能源电力系统的安全性,进而能够降低由过电压引发的新能源大面积脱网风险发生的概率。触发新能源机端过电压约束瞬间,VSC电压d轴分量与交流电网等效电源电动势间的夹角δ pll摆开至-21.09°。
步骤106,根据新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围。
在本公开的一些实施例中,上述步骤106中“根据新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围”,可以通过以下过程来实现:
将新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]的上限值δ UEP1和下限值δ UEP2,分别与相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1进行比较;
当δ UEP1≤δ DOC1≤δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ DOC1,δ UEP2];
当δ DOC1<δ UEP1或δ DOC1<δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]。
图4是本公开一示例性实施例提供的基于新能源并网系统的过电压约束的相对锁相角可运行范围的示意图。如图4所示,在实施例中,新能源并网系统存在稳态平衡点δ SEP=0°,系统的同步运行范围为[-180°,180°]。但当其VSC电压d轴分量与交流电网电压u g间的夹角δ pll摆开至-21.09°时,将会因新能源机端电压越限引发过电压保护动作,其危及新能源并网系统的安全性;这里,令基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1=-21.09°,则当新能源并网系统的相对锁相角位于(-180°,-21.91°)区间时,会因为新能源机端电压越限引发过电压保护动作,因此,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为(-21.91°,180°)。基于时域仿真的计算结果验证了本公开实施例提供的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性方法的有效性,过电压约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围被大幅缩减。
步骤107,根据实时相对锁相角和相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息。
在本公开的一些实施例中,上述步骤107中“根据实时相对锁相角和相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息”,可以通过以下过程来实现:
当δ 1<δ pll<δ 2时,确定新能源并网系统处于同步安全稳定运行状态,其中,δ 1和δ 2分别为新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围的下限值和上限值;
当δ pll<δ 1或δ 2<δ pll时,确定新能源并网系统处于偏离同步安全稳定运行状态。
在一实施例中,通过步骤106确定了新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围为(-21.91°,180°),则当根据采集的参数计算的实时相对锁相角在所述可运行范围(-21.91°,180°)内时,则确定新能源并网系统处于同步安全稳定运行状态,反之,当实时相对锁相角不在所述可运行范围(-21.91°,180°)内时,则确定新能源并网系统偏离了同步安全稳定运行状态。
示例性装置
图5是本公开一示例性实施例提供的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的装置的结构示意图。如图5所示,本实施例所述的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的装置,其中,新能源并网系统包括新能源发电设备和交流电网,新能源发电设备基于电压源型换流器VSC接入交流电网,并通过VSC中的锁相环PLL实现与交流电网的同步运行,装置包括:
数据采集部分501,被配置为当新能源并网系统发生故障时,采集新能源发电设备的机端电压、交流母线电压、交流电网电压和输入新能源发电设备的电流;
第一确定部分502,被配置为基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据机端电压确定新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角;
第二确定部分503,被配置为基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑, 根据交流电网电压和输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围;
主导约束部分504,被配置为根据机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及所述交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束;
第三确定部分505,被配置为根据过电压约束和交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界;
第四确定部分506,被配置为根据新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;
安全预警部分507,被配置为根据实时相对锁相角和相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息。
在本公开的一些实施例中,所述第一确定部分502,还被配置为将机端电压代入预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,计算新能源并网系统的锁相角,其中,PLL控制逻辑的表达式为:
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000017
式中,u r为新能源发电设备的机端电压;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000018
为新能源发电设备的机端电压的q轴分量;θ pll为新能源并网系统的锁相角,
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000019
为计算所述锁相角的一阶导数,k p_pll、k i_pll为PLL的比例积分控制参数,x pll为引入的中间变量,
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000020
为计算所述中间变量的一阶导数;
将新能源并网系统的锁相角代入实时相对锁相角计算公式,确定新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,其中,实时相对锁相角计算公式为:
δ pll=θ pllgt  (2);
式中,δ pll为新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,ω g为交流电网电压u g的角频率,t为时间变量。
在本公开的一些实施例中,所述第二确定部分503,还被配置为根据预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,确定稳定平衡点计算公式,其中,新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑的表达式为:
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000021
式中,i c为输入新能源发电设备的电流;u r和u g分别为新能源发电设备的机端电压和交流电网电压;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000023
分别为新能源发电设备的机端电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000025
分别为交流电网电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000027
分别为输入新能源发电设备的电流的d轴分量、q轴分量;L r和L g分别为线路电感和所述交流电网的戴维南等效电感,L Σ为并网电感,其表达式为L Σ=L r+L g;ω pll为PLL的角频率;
公式(3)中,令
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000028
则得到稳定平衡点计算公式,其中,稳定平衡点计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000029
式中,U g为交流电网电压的幅值;
对公式(4)求解,确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2],其中,
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000030
在本公开的一些实施例中,所述主导约束部分504,还被配置为比较所述机端电压的幅值U r与设置的机端过电压保护定值U rN,以及所述交流母线电压的幅值U s与设置的母线过电压绝缘限值U sN,其中:
有且仅有机端电压的幅值U r不小于机端过电压保护定值U rN时,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导;
有且仅有交流母线电压的幅值U s不小于母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束为交流母线电压幅值U s主导;
当机端电压幅值U r不小于机端过电压保护定值U rN,且交流母线电压幅值U s不小于母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导。
在本公开的一些实施例中,所述第三确定部分505,还被配置为当新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导时,在其过电压约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000031
式中,δ 0为新能源并网系统在额定运行状态下的相对锁相角;
当新能源并网系统的过电压约束为交流母线电压的幅值U s主导时,在其过电压约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-000032
当新能源并网系统的过电压约束为新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导时,在机端电压的幅值U r和交流母线电压的幅值U s共同约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1为:根据公式(5)确定的机端电压的幅值U r约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,或,根据公式(6)确定的交流母线电压的幅值U s约束下的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界。
在本公开的一些实施例中,所述第四确定部分506,还被配置为将新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]的上限值δ UEP1和下限值δ UEP2,分别与所述相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1进行比较;当δ UEP1≤δ DOC1≤δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ DOC1,δ UEP2];当δ DOC1<δ UEP1或δ DOC1<δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]。
在本公开的一些实施例中,所述安全预警部分507还被配置为:
当δ 1<δ pll<δ 2时,确定新能源并网系统处于同步安全稳定运行状态,其中,δ 1和δ 2分别为新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围的下限值和上限值;
当δ pll<δ 1或δ 2<δ pll时,确定新能源并网系统处于偏离同步安全稳定运行状态。
本公开实施例提供的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的装置,通过对新能源并网系统发生故障时采集的参数进行计算分析,从而判断实时相对锁相角是否在基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围内的步骤,其与本公开实施例上述提供的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法采取的步骤相同,并且达到的技 术效果也相同,此处可参考上述方法侧描述。
示例性电子设备
图6是本公开一示例性实施例提供的电子设备的结构。该电子设备可以是第一设备和第二设备中的任一个或两者、或与它们独立的单机设备,该单机设备可以与第一设备和第二设备进行通信,以从它们接收所采集到的输入信号。图6图示了根据本公开实施例的电子设备的框图。如图6所示,电子设备包括一个或多个处理器601和存储器602。
处理器601可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit,CPU)或者具有数据处理能力和/或指令执行能力的其他形式的处理单元,并且可以控制电子设备中的其他组件以执行期望的功能。
存储器602可以包括一个或多个计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品可以包括各种形式的计算机可读存储介质,例如易失性存储器和/或非易失性存储器。易失性存储器例如可以包括随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory,RAM)和/或高速缓冲存储器(cache)等。非易失性存储器例如可以包括只读存储器(Read Only Memory,ROM)、硬盘、闪存等。在计算机可读存储介质上可以存储一个或多个计算机程序指令,处理器601可以运行所述程序指令,以实现上文所述的被公开的各个实施例的软件程序的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法以及/或者其他期望的功能。在一个示例中,电子设备还可以包括:输入装置603和输出装置604,这些组件通过总线系统和/或其他形式的连接机构(未示出)互连。此外,该输入装置603还可以包括例如键盘、鼠标等等。
该输出装置604可以向外部输出各种信息。该输出设备34可以包括例如显示器、扬声器、打印机、以及通信网络及其所连接的远程输出设备等等。
当然,为了简化,图6中仅示出了该电子设备中与本公开有关的组件中的一些,省略了诸如总线、输入/输出接口等等的组件。除此之外,根据具体应用情况,电子设备还可以包括任何其他适当的组件。
示例性计算机程序产品和计算机可读存储介质
除了上述方法和设备以外,本公开的实施例还可以是计算机程序产品,其包括计算机程序指令,所述计算机程序指令在被处理器运行时使得所述处理器执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据被公开各种实施例的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法中的步骤。
所述计算机程序产品可以以一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写用于执行本公开实施例操作的程序代码,所述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言,诸如Java、C++等,还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言,诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算设备上执行、部分地在用户设备上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算设备上部分在远程计算设备上执行、或者完全在远程计算设备或服务器上执行。
此外,本公开实施例还提供一种计算机程序,该计算机程序包括计算机可读代码,在计算机可读代码在电子设备中运行的情况下,电子设备的处理器执行用于实现上述实施例提供的任一监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性方法。
此外,本公开的实施例还可以是计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序指令,计算机程序指令在被处理器运行时,使得处理器执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本公开各种实施例的对历史变更记录进行信息挖掘的方法。
其中,计算机可读存储介质可以采用一个或多个可读介质的任意组合。可读介质可以是可读信号介质或者可读存储介质。可读存储介质例如可以包括但不限于电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件,或者任意以上的组合。可读存储介质的更具体的例子(非穷举的列表)包括:具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式盘、硬盘、RAM、ROM、可擦式可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM)或闪存、光纤、便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory,CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本公开的基本原理,但是,需要指出的是,在本公开实施例中提及的优点、优势、效果等仅是示例而非限制,不能认为这些优点、优势、效果等是本公开的各个实施例必须具备的。另外,上述公开的具体细节仅是为了示例的作用和便于理解的作用,而非限制,上述细节并不限制本公开为必须采用上述具体的细节来实现。
本说明书中各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分相互参见即可。对于系统实施例而言,由于其与方法实施例基本对应,所以描述的比较简单,相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
本公开中涉及的器件、装置、设备、系统的方框图仅作为例示性的例子并且不意图要求或暗示必须按照方框图示出的方式进行连接、布置、配置。如本领域技术人员将认识到的,可以按任意方式连接、布置、配置这些器件、装置、设备、系统。诸如“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等的词语是开放性词汇,指“包括但不限于”,且可与其互换使用。这里所使用的词汇“或”和“和”指词汇“和/或”,且可与其互换使用,除非上下文明确指示不是如此。这里所使用的词汇“诸如”指词组“诸如但不限于”,且可与其互换使用。
可能以许多方式来实现本公开实施例提供的方法和装置。例如,可通过软件、硬件、固件或者软件、硬件、固件的任何组合来实现本公开的方法和装置。用于所述方法的步骤的上述顺序仅是为了进行说明,本公开实施例提供的的方法的步骤不限于以上具体描述的顺序,除非以其它方式特别说明。此外,在一些实施例中,还可将本公开实施为记录在记录介质中的程序,这些程序包括用于实现根据本公开的方法的机器可读指令。因而,本公开实施例还覆盖存储用于执行根据本公开的方法的程序的记录介质。
还需要指出的是,在本公开实施例提供的装置、设备和方法中,各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应视为本公开的等效方案。提供所公开的方面的以上描述以使本领域的任何技术人员能够做出或者使用本公开。对这些方面的各种修改对于本领域技术人员而言是非常显而易见的,并且在此定义的一般原理可以应用于其他方面而不脱离本公开实施例的范围。因此,本公开实施例不意图被限制到在此示出的方面,而是按照与在此公开的原理和新颖的特征一致的最宽范围。
为了例示和描述的目的已经给出了以上描述。此外,此描述不意图将本公开的实施例限制到在此公开的形式。尽管以上已经讨论了多个示例方面和实施例,但是本领域技术人员将认识到其某些变型、修改、改变、添加和子组合。
工业实用性
本公开实施例公开了一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法、装置、介质、设备及程序,其中,所述方法包括:根据采集的参数计算实时相对锁相角,以及确定新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围,基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,并由新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;通过判断实时锁相角是否存在于基于过电压约束的新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围内,判断新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的方法,所述新能源并网系统包括新能源发电设备和交流电网,所述新能源发电设备基于电压源型换流器VSC接入所述交流电网,并通过VSC中的锁相环PLL实现与所述交流电网的同步运行,所述方法包括:
    当所述新能源并网系统发生故障时,采集所述新能源发电设备的机端电压、交流母线电压、交流电网电压和输入所述新能源发电设备的电流;
    基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据所述机端电压确定所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角;
    基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,根据所述交流电网电压和所述输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围;
    根据所述机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及所述交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束;
    根据所述过电压约束和所述交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界;
    根据所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和所述基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;
    根据所述实时相对锁相角和所述相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成所述新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据所述机端电压确定所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,包括:
    将所述机端电压代入预先所述建立的PLL控制逻辑,计算所述新能源并网系统的锁相角,其中,PLL控制逻辑的表达式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100001
    式中,u r为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100002
    为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的q轴分量;θ pll为所述新能源并网系统的锁相角,
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100003
    为计算所述锁相角的一阶导数,k p_pll、k i_pll为PLL的比例积分控制参数,x pll为引入的中间变量,
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100004
    为计算所述中间变量的一阶导数;
    将所述新能源并网系统的锁相角代入实时相对锁相角计算公式,确定所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,其中,所述实时相对锁相角计算公式为:
    δ pll=θ pllgt  (2);
    式中,δ pll为所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,ω g为交流电网电压u g的角频率,t为时间变量。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,所述基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,根据所述交流电网电压和所述输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围,包括:
    根据所述预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,确定稳定平衡点计算公式,其中,所述新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑的表达式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100005
    式中,i c为输入所述新能源发电设备的电流;u r和u g分别为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压和所述交流电网电压;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100006
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100007
    分别为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100008
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100009
    分别为所述交流电网电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100011
    分别为输入所述新能源发电设备的电流的d轴分量、q轴分量;L r和L g分别为线路电感和所述交流电网的戴维南等效电感,L Σ为并网电感,其表达式为L Σ=L r+L g;ω pll为PLL的角频率;
    公式(3)中,令
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100012
    则得到稳定平衡点计算公式,其中,所述稳定平衡点计算公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100013
    式中,U g为所述交流电网电压的幅值;
    对公式(4)求解,确定所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2],其中,
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100014
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法,所述根据所述机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及所述交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束,包括:
    比较所述机端电压的幅值U r与设置的机端过电压保护定值U rN,以及所述交流母线电压的幅值U s与设置的母线过电压绝缘限值U sN,其中:
    有且仅有所述机端电压的幅值U r不小于所述机端过电压保护定值U rN时,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导;
    有且仅有所述交流母线电压的幅值U s不小于所述母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为交流母线电压幅值U s主导;
    当所述机端电压幅值U r不小于所述机端过电压保护定值U rN,且所述交流母线电压幅值U s不小于所述母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和所述交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,所述根据所述过电压约束和所述交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,包括:
    当所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导时,在其过电压约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100015
    式中,δ 0为所述新能源并网系统在额定运行状态下的相对锁相角;
    当所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述交流母线电压的幅值U s主导时,在其过电压约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100016
    当所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和所述交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导时,在所述机端电压的幅值U r和所述交流母线电压的幅值U s共同约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1为:根据公式(5)确定的所述机端电压的幅值U r约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,或,根据公式(6)确定的所述交流母线电压的幅值U s约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一所述的方法,所述根据所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和所述基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围,包括:
    将所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]的上限值δ UEP1和下限值δ UEP2,分别与所述相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1进行比较;
    当δ UEP1≤δ DOC1≤δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ DOC1,δ UEP2];
    当δ DOC1<δ UEP1或δ DOC1<δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一所述的方法,所述根据所述实时相对锁相角和所述相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成所述新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息,包括:
    当δ 1<δ pll<δ 2时,确定所述新能源并网系统处于同步安全稳定运行状态,其中,δ 1和δ 2分别为所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围的下限值和上限值;
    当δ pll<δ 1或δ 2<δ pll时,确定所述新能源并网系统处于偏离同步安全稳定运行状态。
  8. 一种监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的装置,所述新能源并网系统包括新能源发电设备和交流电网,所述新能源发电设备基于电压源型换流器VSC接入所述交流电网,并通过VSC中的锁相环PLL实现与所述交流电网的同步运行,所述装置包括:
    数据采集部分,被配置为当所述新能源并网系统发生故障时,采集所述新能源发电设备的机端电压、交流母线电压、交流电网电压和输入所述新能源发电设备的电流;
    第一确定部分,被配置为基于预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,根据所述机端电压确定所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角;
    第二确定部分,被配置为基于预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,根据所述交流电网电压和所述输入新能源发电设备的电流,确定所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围;
    主导约束部分,被配置为根据所述机端电压和预先设置的机端过电压保护定值,以及所述交流母线电压和预先设置的交流母线过电压绝缘限值,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束;
    第三确定部分,被配置为根据所述过电压约束和所述交流电网电压,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界;
    第四确定部分,被配置为根据新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围和所述基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,确定基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的可运行范围;
    安全预警部分,被配置为根据所述实时相对锁相角和所述相对锁相角的可运行范围,生成所述新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性的预警信息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置,所述第一确定部分,还被配置为将所述机端电压代入所述预先建立的PLL控制逻辑,计算所述新能源并网系统的锁相角,其中,PLL控制逻辑的表达式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100017
    式中,u r为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100018
    为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的q轴分量;θ pll为所述新能源并网系统的锁相角,
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100019
    为计算所述锁相角的一阶导数,k p_pll、k i_pll为PLL的比例积分控制参数,x pll为引入的中间变量,
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100020
    为计算所述中间变量的一阶导数;
    将所述新能源并网系统的锁相角代入实时相对锁相角计算公式,确定所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,其中,所述实时相对锁相角计算公式为:
    δ pll=θ pllgt  (2);
    式中,δ pll为所述新能源并网系统的实时相对锁相角,ω g为交流电网电压u g的角频率,t为时间变量。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的装置,所述第二确定部分,还被配置为根据所述预先建立的新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑,确定稳定平衡点计算公式,其中,所述新能源发电设备的机端电压控制逻辑的表达式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100021
    式中,i c为输入所述新能源发电设备的电流;u r和u g分别为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压和所述交流电网电压;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100022
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100023
    分别为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100024
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100025
    分别为所述交流电网电压的d轴分量、q轴分量;
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100026
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100027
    分别为输入所述新能源发电设备的电流的d轴分量、q轴分量;L r和L g分别为线路电感和所述交流电网的戴维南等效电感,L Σ为并网电感,其表达式为L Σ=L r+L g;ω pll为PLL的角频率;
    公式(3)中,令
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100028
    则得到稳定平衡点计算公式,其中,所述稳定平衡点计算公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100029
    式中,U g为所述交流电网电压的幅值;
    对公式(4)求解,确定所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2],其中,
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100030
  11. 根据权利要求8至10任一所述的装置,所述主导约束部分,还被配置为比较所述机端电压的幅值U r与设置的机端过电压保护定值U rN,以及所述交流母线电压的幅值U s与设置的母线过电压绝缘限值U sN,其中:
    有且仅有所述机端电压的幅值U r不小于所述机端过电压保护定值U rN时,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导;
    有且仅有所述交流母线电压的幅值U s不小于所述母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定 所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为交流母线电压幅值U s主导;
    当所述机端电压幅值U r不小于所述机端过电压保护定值U rN,且所述交流母线电压幅值U s不小于所述母线过电压绝缘限值U sN时,确定所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和所述交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置,所述第三确定部分,还被配置为当所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r主导时,在其过电压约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100031
    式中,δ 0为所述新能源并网系统在额定运行状态下的相对锁相角;
    当所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述交流母线电压的幅值U s主导时,在其过电压约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1的计算公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2022110791-appb-100032
    当所述新能源并网系统的过电压约束为所述新能源发电设备的机端电压的幅值U r和所述交流母线电压的幅值U s共同主导时,在所述机端电压的幅值U r和所述交流母线电压的幅值U s共同约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1为:根据公式(5)确定的所述机端电压的幅值U r约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界,或,根据公式(6)确定的所述交流母线电压的幅值U s约束下的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角的安全边界。
  13. 根据权利要求8至12任一所述的装置,所述第四确定部分,还被配置为将所述新能源并网系统的同步可运行范围[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]的上限值δ UEP1和下限值δ UEP2,分别与所述相对锁相角的安全边界δ DOC1进行比较;
    当δ UEP1≤δ DOC1≤δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ DOC1,δ UEP2];
    当δ DOC1<δ UEP1或δ DOC1<δ UEP2时,基于过电压约束的所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围为[δ UEP1,δ UEP2]。
  14. 根据权利要求8至13任一所述的装置,所述安全预警部分,还被配置为:
    当δ 1<δ pll<δ 2时,确定所述新能源并网系统处于同步安全稳定运行状态,其中,δ 1和δ 2分别为所述新能源并网系统的相对锁相角可运行范围的下限值和上限值;
    当δ pll<δ 1或δ 2<δ pll时,确定所述新能源并网系统处于偏离同步安全稳定运行状态。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序用于执行上述权利要求1至7中任一项所述的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性方法。
  16. 一种电子设备,所述电子设备包括:
    处理器;
    用于存储所述处理器可执行指令的存储器;
    所述处理器,用于从所述存储器中读取所述可执行指令,并执行所述可执行指令以实现上述1至7中任一项所述的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性方法。
  17. 一种计算机程序,所述计算机程序包括计算机可读代码,在所述计算机可读代 码在电子设备中运行的情况下,所述电子设备的处理器执行用于实现如权利要求1至9任一项所述的监测新能源并网系统的同步安全稳定性方法。
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