WO2023083106A1 - 一种电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺 - Google Patents

一种电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023083106A1
WO2023083106A1 PCT/CN2022/129796 CN2022129796W WO2023083106A1 WO 2023083106 A1 WO2023083106 A1 WO 2023083106A1 CN 2022129796 W CN2022129796 W CN 2022129796W WO 2023083106 A1 WO2023083106 A1 WO 2023083106A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
vacuum
cell
reaction chamber
baking
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/129796
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马志强
郑世铄
魏东
官锋
王志辉
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP22891901.5A priority Critical patent/EP4411297A4/en
Publication of WO2023083106A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023083106A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/30—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/35—Temperature; Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/40—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases other than air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a cell baking device, a control system thereof, and a cell baking process.
  • Cell moisture control plays a vital role in the lithium-ion battery manufacturing process. Since the inorganic salt solute in the lithium-ion battery electrolyte encounters water, it will undergo a chemical reaction to generate HF, which will have a negative impact on the film formation and stability of the positive and negative electrode materials, and affect the electrochemical characteristics of the lithium-ion battery.
  • the current method used is to bake the battery cells.
  • the normal temperature protective gas is introduced into contact with the high temperature battery cell, the water molecules carried in the gas will adhere to the inside of the battery cell, affecting the water removal effect of the battery cell.
  • the present application provides a cell baking device, including:
  • reaction furnace includes a reaction chamber for placing and baking the electric core
  • the heating and pressure regulating component is used for heating and regulating the gas entering the reaction chamber
  • the vacuum-breaking pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch which are independent of each other;
  • the first branch is connected between the heating and pressure regulating component and the external environment to discharge residual exhaust gas
  • the second branch is connected between the heating and pressure regulating component and the reaction chamber to pass the heated and pressure regulating component into the reaction chamber. gas.
  • the battery cell through the setting of the first branch and the second branch, it is possible to heat and adjust the pressure of the gas while the battery core is placed in the reaction chamber to preheat, so that the gas that does not reach the target value
  • the broken vacuum pipe is discharged through the first branch, and when the gas reaches the target value, the gas is passed into the reaction chamber through the second branch.
  • the battery cell breathes in a high-temperature and high-pressure gas environment, and the water seal is removed, thereby improving the water removal efficiency of the battery cell.
  • a draft duct and a first baffle valve are provided on the first branch road, one end of the draft duct communicates with the vacuum breaking duct through the first baffle valve, and the other end is connected to the outside, and the first baffle valve is used for Control the on-off of the first branch.
  • the gas is discharged into the atmosphere after being treated in the plant tail gas treatment device, thereby reducing the pollution to the environment.
  • a second baffle valve is provided on the second branch, and the second baffle valve is used to control the on-off of the second branch.
  • the heating and pressure regulating assembly includes a heat gun and a pressure regulating valve, the heat gun is connected to an external air source, and the pressure regulating valve is arranged between the heat gun and the vacuum breaking pipeline.
  • the external air source inputs gas to the heat gun, and the heat gun heats the gas, and the heated gas is then regulated by a pressure regulating valve, so that the gas reaches the target temperature and pressure.
  • the heated pressure regulating assembly includes a filter disposed between the external air source and the heat gun.
  • the filter can filter the gas entering the heat gun for heating, and remove impurities in the gas, so as to ensure that the gas input into the reaction chamber is a clean gas without impurities.
  • the heating and pressure regulating assembly includes a flow meter, and the flow meter is disposed between the external gas source and the heat gun to monitor the gas flow.
  • control system for monitoring the heating of the gas in the electric core baking device as described above.
  • the control system includes:
  • the detection module is arranged at the gas outlet end of the heating and pressure regulating component, and communicates with the control module, and is used to detect the gas temperature at the gas outlet end and transmit it to the control module;
  • the acquisition module is respectively connected to the control module and the detection module, and is used to monitor the signal transmission status of the control system and transmit it to the control module;
  • control module is used for generating an alarm command when the gas temperature and/or the signal transmission state of the control system is abnormal.
  • control system can realize the detection of temperature abnormality and signal abnormality at the same time, more accurately control the temperature of the gas passing into the reaction chamber, and ensure the normal operation of the cell baking device from many aspects .
  • control module includes a first controller
  • detection module includes a first detector
  • the first detector is disposed at the gas outlet end of the heating and pressure regulating assembly and communicated with the first controller.
  • control module includes a second controller
  • detection module includes a second detector
  • second detector is arranged at the gas outlet end of the heating and pressure regulating component and communicated with the second controller
  • the first controller is communicatively connected with the second controller, and the first controller is used for receiving the detection result transmitted by the second controller and issuing instructions.
  • the first controller and the second controller can carry out real-time communication and data comparison of the detection results, so as to realize the dual redundancy design and improve the security of the control system.
  • the present application provides a cell baking process, using the cell baking device as described above for cell baking, and the cell baking process includes steps:
  • Preheating and baking set the preheating and baking time as the first preset time, set the vacuum holding time as the second preset time, put the battery into the reaction chamber and preheat and bake for the first preset time, then pump Vacuum is maintained for a second preset time, a protective gas is introduced into the reaction chamber, the vacuum is broken to standard atmospheric pressure, and the reaction chamber is closed;
  • Vacuum baking set the vacuum holding time as the third preset time, set the vacuum break holding time as the fourth preset time, evacuate the reaction chamber and keep it for the third preset time to vacuum bake the cell, Pass the protective gas into the reaction chamber, break the vacuum to the standard atmospheric pressure and keep it for the fourth preset time, and then vacuumize.
  • the lower limit of the vacuum is 50Pa.
  • the shielding gas is a gas that is heated to a target temperature and regulated to a target pressure by the heating and pressure regulating component.
  • the target temperature ranges from 80°C to 120°C.
  • the target temperature value is 90°C.
  • the target pressure ranges from 0.2MPa to 0.6MPa.
  • the target pressure ranges from 0.2MPa to 0.3MPa.
  • the above-mentioned cell baking device, its control system, and cell baking process divide the vacuum-breaking pipeline into a first branch and a second branch that are independent of each other.
  • the gas is heated and pressure-regulated by heating the pressure-regulating component.
  • the gas that does not meet the standard can be discharged through the first branch.
  • the gas can be quickly switched to the second branch.
  • the gas is passed into the reaction chamber, so that the problem of low water removal efficiency of the battery cell caused by the battery core breathing in a gas environment at normal temperature and pressure can be avoided, thereby speeding up the water removal rate of the water content of the battery core.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a cell in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cell baking device in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a cell baking process in an embodiment of the present application.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two), similarly, “multiple groups” refers to more than two groups (including two), and “multiple pieces” refers to More than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles and consumer electronics products due to their advantages such as high energy density, high output power, long cycle life and low environmental pollution. With the continuous expansion of lithium-ion battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the production process of lithium-ion batteries usually includes the following steps: the first step is to prepare electrode slurry, which is mainly to mix electrode active materials, binders, solvents, etc., and stir and disperse fully to form a slurry; the second step , coating, the slurry prepared in the first step is uniformly coated on the current collector (aluminum foil or copper foil, etc.) with a specified thickness, and the solvent is dried; the third step is die-cutting of the pole piece, and the The pole piece is punched into the specified size and shape; the fourth step is lamination, the cathode and anode pieces and the diaphragm are assembled together, and after the glue is pasted, the pole core is formed; the fifth step is battery assembly, and the pole core produced in the previous step Put it into the shell, and complete the top seal, side seal, etc.
  • the first step is to prepare electrode slurry, which is mainly to mix electrode active materials, binders, solvents, etc., and stir and disperse fully to
  • the sixth step liquid injection, inject the specified amount of electrolyte into the inside of the cell; the seventh step, The battery is sealed, and the gas inside the cell is pumped out in a vacuum environment to complete the seal.
  • the method of baking the battery cell is usually used to remove the residual water molecules inside the battery cell.
  • the baking method of the battery is mainly vacuum baking, that is, the baking reaction furnace is vacuumed during the baking process to reduce the boiling point of water, and then a dry gas (usually nitrogen) is introduced into the reaction furnace. The gas is replaced to achieve the purpose of removing moisture.
  • a dry gas usually nitrogen
  • the applicant in order to improve the efficiency of water removal during the baking process of the battery and speed up the water removal rate of the battery, the applicant has designed a battery baking device after in-depth research, so that the battery can be heated in high-temperature and high-pressure gas. Breathe in the environment, thereby improving the water removal efficiency of the cell.
  • the battery is baked by such a battery baking device.
  • the gas is heated and adjusted by heating the pressure regulating component, and then heated to the target temperature value And the gas whose pressure is adjusted to the target pressure value is passed into the reaction chamber where the electric core is placed.
  • the gas Compared with the gas at normal temperature and pressure, after the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the reaction chamber, it contacts the high-temperature battery cell, which will not cause the moisture in the gas to adhere to the battery cell, thereby improving the dehydration effect of the battery cell baking.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft.
  • the battery cell is the most basic element of the battery. After being arranged, multiple cells are sealed through the box to form a battery.
  • the battery is used as a power source for various electrical devices.
  • the electrical device may be, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a battery 10 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 10 includes a box body 11 and a battery cell 12 , and the battery cell 12 is accommodated in the box body 11 .
  • the box body 11 is used to provide an accommodation space for the electric core 12, and the box body 11 can adopt various structures.
  • the box body 11 may include a first part 111 and a second part 112, the first part 111 and the second part 112 cover each other, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 jointly define a space for accommodating the electric core 12. Accommodate space.
  • the second part 112 can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 111 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first part 111 covers the opening side of the second part 112, so that the first part 111 and the second part 112 jointly define an accommodation space
  • the first part 111 and the second part 112 can also be hollow structures with one side opening, and the opening side of the first part 111 covers the opening side of the second part 112 .
  • the box body 11 formed by the first part 111 and the second part 112 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • the battery 10 there may be multiple battery cells 12 , and the multiple battery cells 12 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel.
  • the mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 12 are both in series and in parallel.
  • a plurality of battery cells 12 can be directly connected in series or parallel or mixed together, and then the whole body composed of multiple battery cells 12 is accommodated in the box body 11; of course, the battery 10 can also be a plurality of battery cells 12 first connected in series or
  • a battery module is formed by connecting in parallel or in series, and multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel or in series to form a whole, which is housed in the case 11 .
  • the battery 10 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 10 may also include a current flow component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 12 .
  • each cell 12 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but not limited thereto.
  • the battery core 12 can be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the battery cell 12 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the cell 12 refers to the smallest unit forming a battery.
  • the battery cell 12 includes an end cap 121 , a casing 122 , an electrode assembly 123 and other functional components.
  • the end cap 121 refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing 122 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 12 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap 121 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 122 to fit the housing 122 .
  • the end cap 121 can be made of a material (such as aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap 121 is not easy to deform when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 12 can have a higher structure Strength, safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals 121 a may be provided on the end cap 121 .
  • the electrode terminal 121 a can be used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 123 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 12 .
  • the end cap 121 may also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 12 reaches a threshold value.
  • the material of the end cap 121 may also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulator can be provided inside the end cover 121 , and the insulator can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 122 from the end cover 121 to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber or the like.
  • the casing 122 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 121 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 12 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 123 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the shell 122 and the end cap 121 can be independent components, and an opening can be provided on the shell 122 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 12 can be formed by making the end cap 121 cover the opening at the opening.
  • the end cover 121 and the housing 122 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 121 and the housing 122 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the inside of the housing 122 needs to be encapsulated , then make the end cover 121 cover the housing 122 .
  • the housing 122 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on. Specifically, the shape of the casing 122 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 123 .
  • the housing 122 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 123 is a component in the cell 12 where the electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • One or more electrode assemblies 123 may be contained within the case 122 .
  • the electrode assembly 123 is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and usually a separator is provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the part of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitutes the main body of the electrode assembly 123 , and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute tabs.
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs are connected to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a cell baking device 100 , which includes a reaction furnace 20 , a heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 and a vacuum breaking pipe 40 connected therebetween.
  • the reaction furnace 20 includes a reaction chamber 21 for placing and baking the electric core.
  • the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 is used for heating and regulating the pressure of the gas entering the reaction chamber 21 .
  • the vacuum breaking pipeline 40 includes a first branch 41 and a second branch 42 which are independent of each other. Specifically, the first branch 41 communicates between the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 and the external environment, so as to discharge residual exhaust gas.
  • the second branch 42 is connected between the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 and the reaction chamber 21 , so as to pass the heated and pressure-regulated gas into the reaction chamber 21 .
  • the vacuum breaking pipeline 40 is provided with an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet.
  • the inlet is connected with the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30
  • the first outlet is connected with the external environment
  • the second outlet is connected with the reaction chamber 21 .
  • a first branch 41 is formed between the inlet and the first outlet
  • a second branch 42 is formed between the inlet and the second outlet.
  • the cells are put into the reaction chamber 21 for preheating and baking.
  • the gas is circulated between the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 and the vacuum breaking pipeline 40 to be heated and pressure regulated.
  • the inlet and the first outlet are opened, the second outlet is closed, and the gas is discharged from the vacuum breaking pipeline 40 through the first branch 41 .
  • the exhaust gas remaining in the vacuum breaking pipe 40 can also be discharged.
  • the inlet and the second outlet are opened, the first outlet is closed, and the gas is passed into the reaction chamber 21 through the second branch 42, so that the battery cell can operate in a high-temperature and high-pressure gas environment. Breathe, remove water, and greatly improve the water removal efficiency of the battery.
  • the first branch 41 is provided with an air suction pipe 411 and a first baffle valve 412, one end of the air suction pipe 411 communicates with the vacuum breaking pipe 40 through the first baffle valve 412, and the other end communicates with the outside.
  • the first flapper valve 412 is used to control the on-off of the first branch 41 .
  • one end of the exhaust pipe 411 communicates with the vacuum breaking pipe 40 through the first baffle valve 412 , and the other end is connected to the plant exhaust gas treatment device 413 .
  • the first damper valve 412 is disposed between the first outlet and the exhaust pipe 411 .
  • the first damper valve 412 is opened, and the gas in the vacuum breaking pipeline 41 is pumped out to the plant exhaust gas treatment device 413 through the exhaust pipeline 411 . After the gas is treated in the plant tail gas treatment device 413, it is discharged into the atmosphere, thereby reducing environmental pollution.
  • a second baffle valve 421 is provided on the second branch 42 , and the second baffle valve 421 is used to control the on-off of the second branch 42 .
  • the second baffle valve 421 is disposed between the second outlet and the reaction chamber 21 .
  • the second baffle valve 421 is opened to let the gas flow into the reaction chamber 21 .
  • the introduction of gas in the reaction chamber 21 can be flexibly controlled to ensure that the gas environment in the reaction chamber 21 remains stable.
  • the reaction furnace 20 may include a plurality of reaction chambers 21 independent of each other, so as to separately bake a plurality of electric cells.
  • each reaction chamber 21 is correspondingly provided with a second baffle valve 421 , so as to independently control the gas environment in each reaction chamber 21 .
  • simultaneous baking of multiple cells can be achieved, and the gas environment in each reaction chamber 21 can be precisely controlled, making the baking process of the cells safer and more reliable.
  • the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 includes a heat gun 31 and a pressure regulating valve 32 , the heat gun 31 is connected to an external air source, and the pressure regulating valve 32 is disposed between the heat gun 31 and the vacuum breaking pipeline 40 .
  • the external air source inputs gas to the heat gun 31, and the heat gun 31 heats the gas, and the heated gas is then regulated by the pressure regulating valve 32, so that the gas reaches the target temperature and pressure.
  • the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 includes a filter 33 disposed between the external air source and the heat gun 31 .
  • the filter 33 can filter the gas heated by the heat gun 31 to remove impurities in the gas, thereby ensuring that the gas input into the reaction chamber 21 is a clean gas without impurities.
  • the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 includes a flow meter 34 , and the flow meter 34 is arranged between the external air source and the heat gun 31 to monitor the gas flow.
  • the flow meter 34 is arranged between the external air source and the heat gun 31 to monitor the gas flow.
  • the present invention also provides a control system 200 for monitoring the heating of the gas in the cell baking device 100 as described above, including a mutual communication connection
  • the detection module 60 is arranged at the gas outlet end of the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 and communicated with the control module 50 for detecting the gas temperature at the gas end and transmitting it to the control module 50 .
  • the acquisition module 70 is respectively connected to the control module 50 and the detection module 60 for monitoring the signal transmission status of the control system 200 and transmitting the signal to the control module 50 .
  • the control module is used to generate an alarm instruction when the gas temperature and/or the signal transmission state of the control system is abnormal.
  • the present invention monitors the cell baking device 100 in real time through the control system 200 .
  • the detection module 60 is arranged at the gas outlet end of the heat gun 31 to detect the temperature of the heated gas to ensure that the gas temperature is heated to a target value and maintains a normal and stable state.
  • the acquisition module 70 can monitor the signal transmission status among the modules in the control system 200 to ensure normal transmission among the modules in the control system 200, and transmit the monitoring results to the control module 50 for processing.
  • control module 50 When the control module 50 receives a signal that the gas temperature is abnormal, for example, the gas temperature far exceeds the set value, the gas temperature is far lower than the set value, or the gas temperature jumps abnormally, or the control module 50 receives a signal that the signal transmission is abnormal , such as network communication alarm, contactor on-off abnormal alarm, solid-state on-off abnormal alarm, etc., the control module sends an alarm signal, or directly sends an instruction to cut off the abnormal circuit.
  • a signal that the gas temperature is abnormal for example, the gas temperature far exceeds the set value, the gas temperature is far lower than the set value, or the gas temperature jumps abnormally
  • the control module 50 receives a signal that the signal transmission is abnormal , such as network communication alarm, contactor on-off abnormal alarm, solid-state on-off abnormal alarm, etc.
  • the control module sends an alarm signal, or directly sends an instruction to cut off the abnormal circuit.
  • the control system 200 includes an alarm module (not shown in the figure), and the alarm module communicates with the control module 50 .
  • the detection module 60 detects that the gas temperature is abnormal, such as abnormal conditions such as too low temperature, too high temperature, abnormal temperature jump, and no temperature change within one minute
  • the acquisition module 70 transmits the abnormal signal to the control module 50, and the control module 50 transmits the signal to the alarm module after processing, and controls the alarm module to give an alarm.
  • the acquisition module 70 collects abnormal signals between the modules, such as communication connection exceptions, system signal on-off exceptions, etc.
  • the acquisition module also transmits the abnormal signal to the control module 50, and the control module 50 transmits the signal after processing. to the alarm module, and control the alarm module to alarm.
  • control system 200 can realize the detection of abnormal temperature and abnormal signal at the same time, more precisely control the temperature of the gas passing into the reaction chamber 21 , and ensure the normal operation of the cell baking device 100 in many aspects.
  • control module 50 includes a first controller 51
  • detection module 60 includes a first detector 61 .
  • the first detector 61 is disposed at the gas outlet end of the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 and communicated with the first controller 51 .
  • control module 50 includes a second controller 52
  • detection module 60 includes a second detector 62
  • the second detector 62 is disposed at the gas outlet of the heating and pressure regulating assembly 30 and communicated with the second controller 62 .
  • the first controller 51 is communicatively connected with the second controller 52 , and the first controller 51 is used for receiving the detection result transmitted by the second controller 52 and issuing instructions.
  • the first controller 51 is the master PLC
  • the second controller 52 is the slave PLC
  • the master PLC and the slave PLC are connected through Ethernet communication.
  • the first detector 61 and the second detector 62 independently detect the gas temperature at the gas outlet of the heat gun 31 , and feed back the detection results to the master PLC and the slave PLC respectively.
  • the secondary PLC only has the functions of receiving signals, analyzing signals and transmitting signals, but does not have the function of sending instructions. Therefore, after the secondary PLC receives the signal, it analyzes the signal and transmits the result to the main PLC, and the main PLC sends commands uniformly. Real-time communication and data comparison of detection results can be carried out between the main PLC and the auxiliary PLC, so as to realize the dual redundancy design and improve the security of the control system.
  • the present invention also provides a cell baking process for operating the above-mentioned cell baking device 100, including steps:
  • preheating and baking set the preheating and baking time as the first preset time, set the vacuum holding time as the second preset time, put the battery into the reaction chamber 21 and preheat and bake for the first preset time Afterwards, the vacuum is pumped and kept for a second preset time, the protective gas is introduced into the reaction chamber 21, the vacuum is broken to the standard atmospheric pressure, and the reaction chamber 21 is closed.
  • the reaction chamber 21 When the reaction chamber 21 is in a vacuum state, the water molecules inside the cell tend to be in equilibrium with the external environment. In this case, the water molecules inside the cell are in a stable state and cannot be released. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically break the vacuum in the reaction chamber 21 to break the above-mentioned equilibrium state, so that the water molecules can be released.
  • the first preset time is set to 30 minutes
  • the second preset time is set to 1 minute
  • the breathing interval of the battery cell is set to 30 minutes.
  • the battery cells are put into the reaction chamber 21 and preheated and baked. At this time, the water molecules inside the cell are released into the reaction chamber 21 . After preheating and baking for 30 minutes, start vacuuming and keep it for 1 minute, so that the water molecules in the reaction chamber 21 can be drawn out. Within 1 minute of maintaining the vacuum, the water molecules inside the cell are in equilibrium with the vacuum environment in the reaction chamber 21 , so the water molecules inside the cell cannot be released into the reaction chamber 21 . After 1 min, a protective gas was introduced into the reaction chamber 21 to break the vacuum to standard atmospheric pressure. During the process of breaking the vacuum, the equilibrium state in the reaction chamber 21 is broken, so that the water molecules inside the cell are released into the reaction chamber 21 . Thus, a complete breathing cycle process can be realized. After several cycles of breathing, the water content inside the cell is measured, and when the water content is within the specified range, the preheating and baking step can be completed.
  • the water content inside the battery cell has been regionally stable, so it needs to be further baked to remove water by vacuum baking.
  • the third preset time is set to 30 minutes
  • the fourth preset time is set to 1 minute
  • the breathing interval of the battery cell is set to 30 minutes.
  • the reaction chamber 21 is evacuated and kept for 30 minutes, so that the cells are baked in a vacuum state. After vacuum baking for 30 minutes, the water molecules inside the cell are evaporated into the reaction chamber 21 . However, at this time, the battery cells and the vacuum environment in the reaction chamber 21 are in a balanced state, and no more water molecules can be evaporated.
  • a protective gas is introduced into the reaction chamber 21 to break the vacuum to the standard atmospheric pressure, and keep for 1 min to break the above-mentioned equilibrium state.
  • the reaction chamber 21 is evacuated and kept for 30 minutes, so far, a complete breathing cycle process is completed.
  • the water content inside the battery cell is measured, and when the water content reaches the standard value, the vacuum baking step of the battery cell can be completed.
  • the protective gas is the gas heated to the target temperature and pressure adjusted to the target pressure by the heating and pressure regulating component 30 . That is, the shielding gas is heated to the target temperature by the heat gun 31 , adjusted to the target pressure by the pressure regulating valve 32 , and then passed into the reaction chamber 21 . Since the electric core is already in a high-temperature state in the reaction chamber 21, the gas heated by the heat gun 31 and pressure-regulated by the pressure regulating valve 32 is passed into the reaction chamber 21 to prevent the gas from carrying water molecules attached to the interior of the electric core. Thereby improving the water removal efficiency.
  • the lower limit of the vacuum is 50 Pa
  • the target temperature ranges from 80° C. to 120° C.
  • the target pressure ranges from 0.2 MPa to 0.6 MPa.
  • the target temperature value is 90° C.
  • the target pressure value ranges from 0.2 MPa to 0.3 MPa.
  • the battery cell is first put into the reaction chamber 21 for preheating and baking. After preheating and baking for 30 minutes, vacuumize the inside of the reaction chamber 21 to the lower limit of vacuum of 50 Pa, and keep it for 1 minute. At the same time, gas is introduced into the cell baking device. After the gas is filtered by the filter 33 , it is heated by the heat gun 31 , and the heated gas is then regulated by the pressure regulating valve 32 .
  • the gas pressure Regulate the gas pressure to 0.2MPa ⁇ 0.3MPa.
  • the gas temperature does not reach 90°C, open the first damper valve 412, close the second damper valve 421, and pump out the gas that has not reached the target temperature value through the exhaust pipe 411.
  • the exhaust duct 411 can extract other gases remaining in the vacuum breaking duct 40 to the plant tail gas treatment device 413 , and after being treated by the plant tail gas treatment device 413 , it is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the reaction chamber 21 is evacuated to a lower limit of 50 Pa, and kept for 30 minutes. Then adjust the pressure to 0.2MPa-0.3MPa, and the gas heated to 90°C is passed into the reaction chamber 21 to break the vacuum to the standard atmospheric pressure, and keep it for 1min, then vacuumize again to the lower limit of vacuum 50Pa. At this point, a complete breathing cycle is completed. After several cycles of breathing, when the water content inside the cell reaches the standard value, the entire baking process of the cell is completed.
  • the temperature of the outlet end of the heat gun 31 is detected by the first detector 61 and the second detector 62 respectively, and the detection results are respectively fed back to the main PLC and the auxiliary PLC.
  • the data is compared between the PLC and the secondary PLC, so as to realize the double redundant detection of the gas temperature and ensure the accuracy of the gas heating temperature.
  • the cell baking device 100, its control system 200, and the cell baking process in the above embodiments have at least the following advantages:
  • the vacuum breaking pipeline 40 is divided into a first branch 41 and a second branch 42 which are independent of each other, so as to realize the circulation and heating of the gas in the vacuum breaking pipeline 40, so that the heating of the gas and the preheating of the electric core are carried out simultaneously, High-temperature and high-pressure gas can be introduced into the reaction chamber 21 to prevent the gas from carrying water molecules attached to the inside of the cell, thereby improving the water outlet efficiency;
  • a second baffle valve 421 is correspondingly arranged between each reaction chamber 21 and the vacuum-breaking pipeline 40, so that the on-off between each reaction chamber 21 and the vacuum-breaking pipeline 40 can be independently controlled, so that each reaction chamber The electric cores in the cavity 21 are independently baked;
  • the first detector 61 and the second detector 62 independently detect the gas temperature at the gas outlet of the heat gun 31 respectively, and the detection results are fed back to the main PLC and the secondary PLC respectively, and data comparison is carried out between the primary PLC and the secondary PLC , so as to realize the dual redundancy design and improve the security of the control system.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺，将破真空管道(40)分为相互独立的第一支路(41)与第二支路(42)，在对反应腔(21)内的电芯(12)进行烘烤前，首先对气体加热调压，在气体达到标准前，通过第一支路(41)排出气体，当气体达标后，可快速切换为第二支路(42)将气体通入反应腔(21)内，由此，可以避免电芯(12)在常温常压气体环境中呼吸而导致电芯(12)除水效率低的问题，加快除水速率。

Description

一种电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺
交叉引用
本申请引用于2021年11月13日递交的名称为“一种电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺”的第202111343340.0号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺。
背景技术
电芯含水量控制对于锂离子电池制造过程中起着至关重要的作用。由于锂离子电池电解液中的无机盐溶质遇到水会发生化学反应，生成HF，从而对正负极材料的成膜和稳定性产生恶劣影响，影响锂离子电池的电化学特性。
为了有效降低锂离子电池内部含水量，目前采用的方法是对电池电芯进行烘烤。然而在电芯的烘烤工艺中，通入的常温保护气体与高温电芯接触后，气体中所携带的水分子将会附着于电芯内部，影响电芯的除水效果。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对目前在电芯烘烤时的除水效果不佳的问题，提供一种电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电芯烘烤装置，包括：
反应炉，反应炉包括用于放置电芯并进行烘烤的反应腔；
加热调压组件，用于对进入反应腔内的气体进行加热及调压；
破真空管道，破真空管道包括相互独立的第一支路与第二支路；
其中，第一支路连通于加热调压组件与外部环境之间，以排出残留废气，第二支路连通于加热调压组件与反应腔之间，以向反应腔内通入加热调压后的气体。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过第一支路与第二支路的设置，能够在电芯放入反应腔内预热的同时，对气体进行加热调压，使未达到目标值的气体通过第一支路排出破真空管道，而当气体达到目标值时，通过第二支路将气体通入反应腔内。由此，使得电芯在高温高压的气体环境中进行呼吸，去除水封，从而提高电芯的除水效率。
在一些实施例中，第一支路上设置有抽风管道及第一挡板阀，抽风管道的一端通过第一挡板阀与破真空管道连通，另一端与外部连接，第一挡板阀用于控制第一支路的通断。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，气体在厂房尾气处理装置中经过处理之后，再被排放到大气环境中，从而能够减少对环境的污染。
在一些实施例中，第二支路上设置有第二挡板阀，第二挡板阀用于控制第二支路的通断。
在一些实施例中，加热调压组件包括热风枪及调压阀，热风枪与外部气源相连，调压阀设置于热风枪与破真空管道之间。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，外部气源向热风枪输入气体，热风枪对气体进行加热，经过加热后的气体再经过调压阀进行调压，从而使得气体达到目标值的温度及压力。
在一些实施例中，加热调压组件包括过滤器，过滤器设置于外部气源与热风枪之间。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，过滤器可以对进入热风枪进行加热的气体起到过滤作用，去除气体中的杂质，从而确保输入至反应腔内的气体为清洁气体，不含杂质。
在一些实施例中，加热调压组件包括流量计，流量计设置于外部气源与热风枪之间，以监控气体流量。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过对气体流量的实时监控，能够了解到电芯烘烤装置中气体的输送是否正常。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种控制系统，用于监控如上所述的电芯烘烤装置内气体加热情况，控制系统包括：
控制模块；
探测模块，设置于加热调压组件的出气端，并与控制模块通讯连接，用于探测出气端的气体温度，并传输至控制模块；
采集模块，分别与控制模块及探测模块通讯连接，用于监测控制系统的信号传输状态，并传输至控制模块；
其中，控制模块用于当气体温度、和/或控制系统的信号传输状态出现异常时，产生报警指令。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，使得控制系统可以同时实现温度异常的检测及信号异常的检测，更精确的控制通入反应腔内气体的温度，从多方面确保电芯烘烤装置的正常工作。
在一些实施例中，控制模块包括第一控制器，探测模块包括第一探测器，第一探测器设置于加热调压组件的出气端，且与第一控制器通讯连接。
在一些实施例中，控制模块包括第二控制器，探测模块包括第二探测器，第二探测器设置于加热调压组件的出气端，且与第二控制器通讯连接；
其中，第一控制器与第二控制器通讯连接，第一控制器用于接收第二控制器传递的探测结果并发出指令。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，第一控制器与第二控制器之间能够对探测结果进行实时 通讯、数据对比，从而实现双冗余设计，提高控制系统的安全性。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种电芯烘烤工艺，采用如上所述的电芯烘烤装置进行电芯烘烤，电芯烘烤工艺包括步骤：
预热烘烤，设置预热烘烤时间为第一预设时间，设置抽真空保持时间为第二预设时间，将电芯放入反应腔内预热烘烤第一预设时间后，抽真空并保持第二预设时间，向反应腔内通入保护气体，进行破真空至标准大气压，关闭反应腔；
真空烘烤，设置抽真空保持时间为第三预设时间，设置破真空保持时间为第四预设时间，对反应腔抽真空并保持第三预设时间，以对电芯进行真空烘烤，向反应腔内通入保护气体，破真空至标准大气压并保持第四预设时间，再进行抽真空。
在一些实施例中，抽真空的真空下限值为50Pa。
在一些实施例中，保护气体为经加热调压组件加热至目标温度值及调压至目标压力值的气体。
在一些实施例中，目标温度值的范围为80℃～120℃。
在一些实施例中，目标温度值为90℃。
在一些实施例中，目标压力值的范围为0.2MPa～0.6MPa。
在一些实施例中，目标压力值的范围为0.2MPa～0.3MPa。
上述的电芯烘烤装置及其控制系统、电芯烘烤工艺，将破真空管道分为相互独立的第一支路与第二支路，在对反应腔内的电芯进行烘烤前，首先通过加热调压组件对气体进行加热与调压，在气体达到标准温度与标准压力之前，通过第一支路实现未达标气体的排出，当气体达标后，可快速切换为第二支路将气体通入反应腔内，由此，可以避免电芯在常温常压气体环境中呼吸而导致电芯除水效率低的问题，从而加快电芯水含量的除水速率。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中，用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1为本申请一实施例的电池的分解示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例中电芯的分解示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例中电芯烘烤装置的整体结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例中控制系统的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例中电芯烘烤工艺的流程图。
100、电芯烘烤装置；200、控制系统；10、电池；20、反应炉；30、加热调压组件；40、破真空管道；50、控制模块；60、探测模块；70、采集模块；11、箱体；12、电芯；21、反应腔；31、热风枪；32、调压阀；33、过滤器；34、流量计；41、第一支路；42、第二支路；51、第一控制器；52、第二控制器；61、第一探测器；62、第二探测器；111、第一部分；112、第二部分；121、端盖；122、壳体；123、电极组件；411、抽风管道；412、第一挡板阀；413、厂房尾气处理装置；421、第二挡板阀；121a、电极端子。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连” “连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，锂离子电池由于具备能量密度大、输出功率高、循环寿命长和环境污染小等优点而被广泛应用于电动汽车以及消费类电子产品中。随着锂离子电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
锂离子电池的生产工艺流程通常包含如下步骤：第一步，电极浆料制备，主要是将电极活性材料、粘结剂、溶剂等混合在一起，充分搅拌分散后，形成浆料；第二步，涂布，将第一步制备的浆料以指定厚度均匀涂布到集流体(铝箔或铜箔等)上，并烘干溶剂；第三步，极片冲切，将上一步制作出来的极片冲切成指定的尺寸形状；第四步，叠片，将阴阳极片、隔膜装配到一起，完成贴胶后，形成极芯；第五步，电池组装，将上一步生产的极芯装入壳体内，并完成顶封、侧封等(预留注液口)，形成未注液的电池；第六步，注液，将指定量的电解液注入电芯内部；第七步，电池密封，在真空环境中将电芯内部的气体抽出并完成密封。
电池在上述生产过程中，将会有大量的水分子存留在电芯内部，然而电芯中的含水量将会直接影响电池的电化学特性。基于此，目前通常采用电芯烘烤的方式，除去电芯内部残留的水分子。
目前，对电芯的烘烤方式主要采用真空烘烤，即在烘烤过程中对烘烤反应炉进行抽真空，降低水的沸点，然后通入干燥气体(通常为氮气)，与反应炉内的气体进行置换，从而达到去除水分的目的。
在上述过程中，申请人注意到，由于电芯在反应炉内已经经过预热达到高温，当向抽真空后的反应炉内通入常温的干燥气体后，常温的干燥气体与炉内的高温电芯接触后，气体中携带的水分子将会附着在电芯内部，从而导致电芯内部水分子含量不降反增，影响电芯除水效果。
基于以上考虑，为了提高电芯烘烤过程中的除水效率，加快电芯的除水速率，申请人经过深入研究，设计了一种电芯烘烤装置，使电芯能够在高温高压的气体环境中呼吸，从而提高电芯的除水效率。
通过这样的电芯烘烤装置对电芯进行烘烤，当电芯在反应腔内进行预热烘烤的同时，通过加热调压组件对气体进行加热及调压，然后将加热至目标温度值及调压至目标压力值的气体通入放置有电芯的反应腔内。相比于通入常温常压的气体，高温高压气体进入反应腔内之后，与高温的电芯接触，不会导致气体中的水分附着于电芯上，从而提高电芯烘烤除水效果。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例公开的电芯可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电 装置中。电芯是构成电池的最基本元素，多个电芯经排列后，通过箱体进行密封形成电池，电池作为电源用于各种用电装置上。其中，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。
为了方便说明，请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的电池10的爆炸图。电池10包括箱体11和电芯12，电芯12容纳于箱体11内。其中，箱体11用于为电芯12提供容纳空间，箱体11可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体11可以包括第一部分111和第二部分112，第一部分111与第二部分112相互盖合，第一部分111和第二部分112共同限定出用于容纳电芯12的容纳空间。第二部分112可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分111可以为板状结构，第一部分111盖合于第二部分112的开口侧，以使第一部分111与第二部分112共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分111和第二部分112也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分111的开口侧盖合于第二部分112的开口侧。当然，第一部分111和第二部分112形成的箱体11可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池10中，电芯12可以是多个，多个电芯12之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电芯12中既有串联又有并联。多个电芯12之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电芯12构成的整体容纳于箱体11内；当然，电池10也可以是多个电芯12先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体11内。电池10还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池10还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电芯12之间的电连接。
其中，每个电芯12可以为二次电池或一次电池；还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池，但不局限于此。电芯12可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电芯12的分解结构示意图。电芯12是指组成电池的最小单元。如图2，电芯12包括有端盖121、壳体122、电极组件123以及其他的功能性部件。
端盖121是指盖合于壳体122的开口处以将电芯12的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖121的形状可以与壳体122的形状相适应以配合壳体122。可选地，端盖121可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖121在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电芯12能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖121上可以设置有如电极端子121a等的功能性部件。电极端子121a可以用于与电极组件123电连接，以用于输出或输入电芯12的电能。在一些实施例中，端盖121上还可以设置有用于在电芯12的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的泄压机构。端盖121的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖121的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体122内的电连接部件与端盖121，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体122是用于配合端盖121以形成电芯12的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件123、电解液以及其他部件。壳体122和端盖121可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体122上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖121盖合开口以形成电芯12的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖121和壳体122一体化，具体地，端盖121和壳体122可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体122的内部时，再使端盖121盖合壳体122。壳体122可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体122的形状可以根据电极组件123的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体122的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件123是电芯12中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体122内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件123。电极组件123主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件123的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
请参阅图3，本申请一实施例提供了一种电芯烘烤装置100，包括反应炉20、加热调压组件30以及连接于两者之间的破真空管道40。其中，反应炉20包括用于放置电芯并进行烘烤的反应腔21。加热调压组件30用于对进入反应腔21内的气体进行加热及调压。破真空管道40包括相互独立的第一支路41与第二支路42。具体地，第一支路41连通于加热调压组件30与外部环境之间，以排出残留废气。第二支路42连通于加热调压组件30与反应腔21之间，以向反应腔21内通入加热调压后的气体。
具体到本实施例中，破真空管道40开设有入口、第一出口以及第二出口。其中，入口与加热调压组件30相连，第一出口与外部环境连通，第二出口与反应腔21连通。由此，入口与第一出口之间形成第一支路41，入口与第二出口之间则形成第二支路42。
进一步地，首先将电芯放入反应腔21内进行预热烘烤，在此过程中，使气体在加热调压组件30与破真空管道40之间流通并对其进行加热及调压。当气体温度或压力未达到目标值时，开启入口与第一出口，关闭第二出口，通过第一支路41将气体排出破真空管道40。在这个过程中，也可以将破真空管道40内之前残留的废气排出。而当气体温度及压力均达到目标值时，开启入口与第二出口，关闭第一出口，通过第二支路42将气体通入反应腔21内，以使电芯在高温高压的气体环境下进行呼吸，去除水分，大大提高电芯的除水效率。
在一些实施例中，第一支路41上设置有抽风管道411及第一挡板阀412，抽风管道411的一端通过第一挡板阀412与破真空管道40连通，另一端与外部连通，第一挡板阀412用于控制第一支路41的通断。
具体到本实施例中，抽风管道411的一端通过第一挡板阀412与破真空管道40连通，另一端连接至厂房尾气处理装置413中。第一挡板阀412设置于第一出口与抽风管道411之间。当气体温度或压力未达到目标值时，打开第一挡板阀412，通过抽风管道411将破真空管道41内的气体抽出至厂房尾气处理装置413中。气体在厂房尾气处理装置413中经过处理之后，再被排放到大气环境中，从而能够减少对环境的污染。
在一些实施例中，第二支路42上设置有第二挡板阀421，第二挡板阀421用于控制第二支路42的通断。
具体到本实施例中，第二挡板阀421设置于第二出口与反应腔21之间。当气体温度及压力均达到目标值时，打开第二挡板阀421，使气体通入至反应腔21内。由此，可以灵活控制反应腔21内气体的通入，确保反应腔21内气体环境保持稳定。
需要说明的是，反应炉20可以包括多个相互独立的反应腔21，从而实现对多个电芯分别进行烘烤。相对应的，每一个反应腔21对应设置有一个第二挡板阀421，从而独立控制每一个反应腔21内的气体环境。由此，可以实现多个电芯同时烘烤，并且可以精确控制每一个反应腔21内的气体环境，使得电芯的烘烤过程更加安全可靠。
在一些实施例中，加热调压组件30包括热风枪31及调压阀32，热风枪31与外部气源相连，调压阀32设置于热风枪31与破真空管道40之间。外部气源向热风枪31输入气体，热风枪31对气体进行加热，经过加热后的气体再经过调压阀32进行调压，从而使得气体达到目标值的温度及压力。
进一步地，加热调压组件30包括过滤器33，过滤器33设置于外部气源与热风枪31之间。过滤器33可以对进入热风枪31进行加热的气体起到过滤作用，去除气体中的杂质，从而确保输入至反应腔21内的气体为清洁气体，不含杂质。
更进一步地，加热调压组件30包括流量计34，流量计34设置于外部气源与热风枪31之间，以监控气体流量。通过对气体流量的实时监控，能够了解到电芯烘烤装置100中气体的输送是否正常。当输入破真空管道40内的气体流量出现异常时，势必会影响输入至反应腔21内的气体，从而影响电芯的烘烤过程。由此，通过设置流量计34，能够快速反应电芯的烘烤过程，确保电芯烘烤装置100的正常工作。
请参看图4，基于与上述电芯烘烤装置100相同的构思，本发明还提供一种用于监控如上所述的电芯烘烤装置100内气体加热情况的控制系统200，包括相互通讯连接的控制模块50、探测模块60以及采集模块70。其中，探测模块60设置于加热调压组件30的出气端，并与控制模块50通讯连接，用于检测出气端的气体温度，并传输至控制模块50。采集模块70分别与控制模块50及探测模块60通讯连接，用于监测控制系统200的信号传输状态，并传输至控制模块50。此外，控制模块用于当气体温度、和/或控制系统的信号传输状态出现异常时，产生报警指令。
为了实现上述电芯烘烤装置100的高效工作，本发明通过控制系统200对电芯烘烤装置100进行实时监控。具体地，将探测模块60设置在热风枪31的出气端，能够对经过加热后的气体温度进行探测，确保气体温度加热至目标值，且保持正常稳定状态。采集模块70可以监测控制系统200内部各模块之间的信号传输状态，确保控制系统200中各模块之间的正常传输，并将监测结果传输至控制模块50进行处理。当控制模块50接收到气体温度出现异常的信号，例如气体温度远超过设定值、气体温度远低于设定值、气体温度异常跳变等情况，或者控制模块50接收到信号传输异常的信号，例如网络通讯报警、接触器通断异常报警、固态通断异常报警等情况，控制模块发出报警信号，或者直接发出指令切断异常回路。
具体到本实施例中，控制系统200包括报警模块(图中未示出)，报警模块与控制模块50通讯连接。当探测模块60探测到气体温度出现异常时，比如温度过低、温度过高、温度异常跳变、一分钟内温度不变化等异常情况，采集模块70将异常信号传递至控制模块50，控制模块50进行处理后将信号传递至报警模块中，并控制报警模块进行报警。当采集模块70采集到各模块之间的信号出现异常时，比如通讯连接异常、系统信号通断异常等情况，采集模块同样将异常信号传递至控制模块50，控制模块50进行处理后将信号传递至报警模块中，并控制报警模块进行报警。
由此，该控制系统200可以同时实现温度异常的检测及信号异常的检测，更精确的控制通入反应腔21内气体的温度，从多方面确保电芯烘烤装置100的正常工作。
在一些实施例中，控制模块50包括第一控制器51，探测模块60包括第一探测器61。第一探测器61设置于加热调压组件30的出气端，且与第一控制器51通讯连接。
进一步地，控制模块50包括第二控制器52，探测模块60包括第二探测器62。第二探测器62设置于加热调压组件30的出气端，且与第二控制器62通讯连接。其中，第一控制器51与第二控制器52通讯连接，第一控制器51用于接收第二控制器52传递的探测结果并发出指令。
具体到本实施例中，第一控制器51为主PLC，第二控制器52为副PLC，主PLC与副PLC之间通过以太网通讯连接。第一探测器61与第二探测器62分别对热风枪31出气端的气体温度进行独立探测，并将探测结果分别反馈给主PLC与副PLC。需要说明的是，副PLC只具有接收信号、分析信号以及传递信号的功能，而不具有发送指令的功能。因此，副PLC接收到信号之后，对信号进行分析，并将结果传输至主PLC，由主PLC统一发送指令。主PLC与副PLC之间能够对探测结果进行实时通讯、数据对比，从而实现双冗余设计，提高控制系统的安全性。
请参看图5，基于与上述电芯烘烤装置100相同的构思，本发明还提供一种用于操作如上所述的电芯烘烤装置100的电芯烘烤工艺，包括步骤：
S10：预热烘烤，设置预热烘烤时间为第一预设时间，设置抽真空保持时间为第二预 设时间，将电芯放入反应腔21内预热烘烤第一预设时间后，抽真空并保持第二预设时间，向反应腔21内通入保护气体，进行破真空至标准大气压，关闭反应腔21。
由于电芯在进行烘烤之前，本身内部具有一定的水分子，因此，需要通过预热烘烤的过程，使其内部的水分子被快速烘烤蒸发，趋于一个相对稳定的数值，再进行进一步地真空烘烤。
当反应腔21内处于真空状态时，电芯内部的水分子与外部环境趋于平衡。在这种情况下，电芯内部的水分子处于稳定状态，无法被释放出来。因此，需要对反应腔21内定时进行破真空，打破上述平衡状态，从而使水分子能够被释放。
具体到本实施例中，预热烘烤步骤中，第一预设时间设置为30min，第二预设时间设置为1min，此外，设定电芯的呼吸间隔为30min。
首先将电芯放入反应腔21内，并进行预热烘烤。此时，电芯内部的水分子被释放至反应腔21中。预热烘烤30min后，开始抽真空并保持1min，由此，可将反应腔21内的水分子抽出。在保持真空的1min内，电芯内部的水分子与反应腔21内的真空环境处于平衡状态，因此，电芯内部的水分子无法被释放至反应腔21中。1min后向反应腔21内通入保护气体，进行破真空至标准大气压。破真空的过程中，反应腔21内的平衡状态被打破，从而使电芯内部的水分子释放至反应腔21中。由此，可实现一个完整的呼吸循环过程。经过多次循环呼吸后，对电芯内部的含水量进行测量，当含水量位于规定范围内时，即可完成预热烘烤步骤。
S20：真空烘烤，设置抽真空保持时间为第三预设时间，设置破真空保持时间为第四预设时间，对反应腔21抽真空并保持第三预设时间，以对电芯进行真空烘烤，向反应腔21内通入保护气体，破真空至标准大气压并保持第四预设时间，再进行抽真空。
预热烘烤步骤结束后，电芯内部的含水量已区域稳定，因此，需通过真空烘烤对其进行进一步地烘烤除水。
具体到本实施例中，真空烘烤步骤中，第三预设时间设置为30min，第四预设时间设置为1min，此外，设定电芯的呼吸间隔为30min。首先对反应腔21进行抽真空并保持30min，使电芯在真空状态下进行烘烤。真空烘烤30min后，电芯内部的水分子被蒸发至反应腔21内。然而此时，电芯与反应腔21内的真空环境已处于平衡状态，无法蒸发更多的水分子。此时，向反应腔21内通入保护气体进行破真空至标准大气压，保持1min，打破上述平衡状态。接着再对反应腔21进行抽真空并保持30min，至此，完成一个完整的呼吸循环过程。经过上述多次循环呼吸后，对电芯内部的含水量进行测量，当含水量达到标准值时，即可完成电芯的真空烘烤步骤。
在上述预热烘烤步骤及真空烘烤步骤中，保护气体为经加热调压组件30加热至目标温度值及调压至目标压力值的气体。即保护气体经过热风枪31加热至目标温度值、经过调压阀32调节至目标压力值后，通入反应腔21内。由于电芯在反应腔21内已经处于高温状态， 因此，向反应腔21内通入经过热风枪31加热及通过调压阀32调压的气体，能够避免气体携带水分子附着于电芯内部，从而提高除水效率。
在一些实施例中，抽真空的真空下限值为50Pa，目标温度值的范围为80℃～120℃，目标压力值的范围为0.2MPa～0.6MPa。具体到本实施例中，目标温度值为90℃，目标压力值的范围为0.2MPa～0.3MPa。
本发明具体使用时，首先将电芯放入反应腔21内进行预热烘烤。预热烘烤30min后，对反应腔21内抽真空至真空下限值50Pa，并保持1min。与此同时，向电芯烘烤装置内通入气体，气体经过滤器33过滤之后，通过热风枪31对其进行加热，加热后的气体再通过调压阀32进行调压。
将气体调压至0.2MPa～0.3MPa，当气体温度未达到90℃之前，打开第一挡板阀412，关闭第二挡板阀421，通过抽风管道411将未达到目标温度值的气体抽出至厂房尾气处理装置413中。在此过程中，抽风管道411可以将破真空管道40内残留的其他气体一并抽出至厂房尾气处理装置413中，并经过厂房尾气处理装置413处理后，排放至大气环境中。
当气体温度达到90℃时，关闭第一挡板阀412，打开第二挡板阀421，将气体通入反应腔21内进行破真空至标准大气压，然后再一次对反应腔21进行抽真空，至此，完成一个完整的呼吸循环过程。经过多次循环呼吸后，当电芯内部的含水量达到规定范围时，即可进入真空烘烤步骤。
真空烘烤步骤时，首先对反应腔21进行抽真空至真空下限值50Pa，并保持30min。然后将压力调至0.2MPa～0.3MPa、温度加热至90℃的气体通入至反应腔21内进行破真空至标准大气压，并保持1min后，再一次进行抽真空至真空下限值50Pa。至此，即完成一个完整的呼吸循环过程。经过多次循环呼吸后，当电芯内部的含水量达到标准值时，即完成电芯的整个烘烤过程。
在上述气体通过热风枪31加热的过程中，通过第一探测器61与第二探测器62分别对热风枪31的出气端进行温度探测，并将探测结果分别反馈至主PLC与副PLC，主PLC与副PLC再进行数据对比，从而能够实现对气体温度的双冗余检测，确保气体加热温度的精确度。
上述实施例中的电芯烘烤装置100及其控制系统200、电芯烘烤工艺，至少具有以下优点：
(1)将破真空管道40分为相互独立的第一支路41与第二支路42，实现气体在破真空管道40内的流通加热，使气体的加热与电芯的预热同时进行，能够对反应腔21内通入高温高压的气体，避免气体携带水分子附着于电芯内部，从而提高出水效率；
(2)通过抽风管道411将破真空管道40中未达到温度及压力要求的气体排出至厂房尾气处理装置413中，使得气体经过厂房尾气处理装置413处理后，再排放至大气环境中， 减少环境污染；
(3)在每一个反应腔21与破真空管道40之间对应设置第二挡板阀421，从而能够分别独立控制每一个反应腔21与破真空管道40之间的通断，使每一个反应腔21内的电芯得到独立烘烤；
(4)通过探测模块60与采集模块70分别实现温度异常的检测与信号异常的检测，并通过报警模块进行报警，能够更精确的控制通入反应腔21气体的温度，且能够从多方面确保电芯烘烤装置100的正常工作，提高安全性能；
(5)第一探测器61与第二探测器62分别对热风枪31出气端的气体温度进行独立探测，并将探测结果分别反馈给主PLC与副PLC，主PLC与副PLC之间进行数据对比，从而实现双冗余设计，提高控制系统的安全性。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电芯烘烤装置，包括：
    反应炉，所述反应炉包括用于放置电芯并进行烘烤的反应腔；
    加热调压组件，用于对进入所述反应腔内的气体进行加热及调压；
    破真空管道，所述破真空管道包括相互独立的第一支路与第二支路；
    其中，所述第一支路连通于所述加热调压组件与外部环境之间，以排出残留废气，所述第二支路连通于所述加热调压组件与所述反应腔之间，以向所述反应腔内通入加热调压后的气体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电芯烘烤装置，其中，所述第一支路上设置有抽风管道及第一挡板阀，所述抽风管道的一端通过所述第一挡板阀与所述破真空管道连通，另一端与外部连接，所述第一挡板阀用于控制所述第一支路的通断。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电芯烘烤装置，其中，所述第二支路上设置有第二挡板阀，所述第二挡板阀用于控制所述第二支路的通断。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电芯烘烤装置，其中，所述加热调压组件包括热风枪及调压阀，所述热风枪与外部气源相连，所述调压阀设置于所述热风枪与所述破真空管道之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电芯烘烤装置，其中，所述加热调压组件包括过滤器，所述过滤器设置于所述外部气源与所述热风枪之间。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电芯烘烤装置，其中，所述加热调压组件包括流量计，所述流量计设置于所述外部气源与所述热风枪之间，以监控气体流量。
  7. 一种控制系统，用于监控如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电芯烘烤装置内气体加热情况，所述控制系统包括：
    控制模块；
    探测模块，所述探测模块设置于所述加热调压组件的出气端，并与所述控制模块通讯连接，所述探测模块用于检测所述出气端的气体温度，并传输至所述控制模块；
    采集模块，所述采集模块分别与所述控制模块及所述探测模块通讯连接，所述采集模块用于监测所述控制系统的信号传输状态，并传输至所述控制模块；
    其中，所述控制模块用于当所述气体温度、和/或所述控制系统的信号传输状态出现异常时，产生报警指令。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的控制系统，其中，所述控制模块包括第一控制器，所述探测模块包括第一探测器，所述第一探测器设置于所述加热调压组件的出气端，且与所述第一控制器通讯连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的控制系统，其中，所述控制模块包括第二控制器，所述探测模块包括第二探测器，所述第二探测器设置于所述加热调压组件的出气端，且与所述第二控制器通讯连接；
    其中，所述第一控制器与所述第二控制器通讯连接，所述第一控制器用于接收所述第二控制器传递的探测结果并发出指令。
  10. 一种电芯烘烤工艺，采用如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电芯烘烤装置进行电芯烘烤，所述电芯烘烤工艺包括步骤：
    预热烘烤，设置预热烘烤时间为第一预设时间，设置抽真空保持时间为第二预设时间，将所述电芯放入所述反应腔内预热烘烤所述第一预设时间后，抽真空并保持所述第二预设时间，向所述反应腔内通入保护气体，进行破真空至标准大气压，关闭所述反应腔；
    真空烘烤，设置抽真空保持时间为第三预设时间，设置破真空保持时间为第四预设时间，对所述反应腔抽真空并保持所述第三预设时间，以对所述电芯进行真空烘烤，向所述反应腔内通入所述保护气体，破真空至标准大气压并保持所述第四预设时间，再进行抽真空。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电芯烘烤工艺，其中，抽真空的真空下限值为50Pa。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的电芯烘烤工艺，其中，所述保护气体为经所述加热调压组件加热至目标温度值及调压至目标压力值的气体。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电芯烘烤工艺，其特征在于，所述目标温度值的范围为80℃～120℃。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的电芯烘烤工艺，其特征在于，所述目标温度值为90℃。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的电芯烘烤工艺，其特征在于，所述目标压力值的范围为0.2MPa～0.6MPa。
  16. 根据权利要求12或15所述的电芯烘烤工艺，其特征在于，所述目标压力值的范围为0.2MPa～0.3MPa。
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