WO2023089944A1 - 測定装置および測定方法 - Google Patents
測定装置および測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N24/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects
- G01N24/006—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance or other spin effects using optical pumping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6402—Atomic fluorescence; Laser induced fluorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/24—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/26—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using optical pumping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/323—Detection of MR without the use of RF or microwaves, e.g. force-detected MR, thermally detected MR, MR detection via electrical conductivity, optically detected MR
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a measuring device and a measuring method.
- a certain magnetic field measurement device performs magnetic measurement by Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR), which uses electron spin resonance of a sensing member such as a diamond structure with nitrogen and lattice defects (NV center: Nitrogen Vacancy Center). ing.
- ODMR Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance
- NV center Nitrogen Vacancy Center
- a static magnetic field is applied separately from the magnetic field to be measured to a magnetic resonance member such as diamond having an NV center, and laser light (excitation light for initialization and measurement) is applied in a predetermined sequence.
- Microwaves are also applied, the amount of fluorescence emitted from the magnetic resonance member is detected, and the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field to be measured is derived based on the amount of light.
- the excitation light is applied to the NV center
- the first ⁇ /2 pulse of microwaves is applied to the NV center
- (c) from the first ⁇ /2 pulse Applying a second ⁇ /2 pulse of microwaves to the NV center at a predetermined time interval tt
- the excitation light is applied to the NV center
- the first ⁇ /2 pulse of the microwave is applied to the NV center at a phase of 0 degrees of the magnetic field to be measured
- (c ) apply a ⁇ pulse of microwaves to the NV center at a phase of 180 degrees of the magnetic field to be measured
- (d) apply a second ⁇ /2 pulse of microwaves to the NV center at a phase of 360 degrees of the magnetic field to be measured
- a certain sensor device measures a magnetic field by nuclear magnetic resonance using a diamond sensor containing NV centers as described above (see Patent Document 1, for example).
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a measuring apparatus and a measuring method that suppress noise components caused by irradiation light and improve measurement accuracy.
- a first analog-to-digital converter that digitizes the CMR signal
- a reference light sensor signal that is generated by receiving the reference light obtained by branching the excitation light and digitizing the reference light sensor signal.
- a second analog-to-digital converter for generating a detection signal based on the digitized CMR signal and the digitized reference light sensor signal, and for deriving a measurement of the field under test based on the detection signal.
- a magnetic resonance member whose electron spin quantum state changes in response to a field to be measured and is capable of manipulating electron spin quantum with microwaves is subjected to a microscopic measurement according to a predetermined measurement sequence.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a measuring device and a measuring method that suppress noise components caused by irradiation light and improve measurement accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the nonlinearity of the fluorescence sensor signal level with respect to the amount of excitation light.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a measurement sequence.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the reference optical sensor signals ref1(t), ref2(t), the fluorescence sensor signal PL(t), the CMR signal CMR_SIG(t), and the detection signal SD(t).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of frequency characteristics of a window function.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart explaining the operation (that is, the measuring method) of the measuring device according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the measuring device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a sensor section 10, a high frequency power supply 11, a light emitting device 12, and a light receiving device 13.
- the sensor unit 10 detects a field to be measured (for example, a magnetic field such as magnetic field strength and direction) at a predetermined position (for example, on or above the surface of an object to be inspected).
- the field to be measured may be an AC field with a single frequency, an AC field with a predetermined period having a plurality of frequency components, or a DC field.
- the sensor unit 10 includes a magnetic resonance member 1, a high-frequency magnetic field generator 2, and a magnet 3, and detects the field to be measured by ODMR.
- the magnetic resonance member 1 has a crystalline structure, the electron spin quantum state changes in response to the field to be measured (here, the magnetic field), and microwaves having a frequency corresponding to the arrangement direction of defects and impurities in the crystal lattice is a possible member of electron spin quantum manipulation (based on Rabi oscillations). That is, the magnetic resonance member 1 is arranged at the magnetic field measurement position.
- the magnetic resonance member 1 is a light-detecting magnetic resonance member having a plurality (that is, ensemble) of specific color centers.
- the specific color center has an energy level capable of Zeeman splitting and can take a plurality of orientations with mutually different energy level shift widths upon Zeeman splitting.
- the magnetic resonance member 1 is a member such as a diamond containing a plurality of NV (Nitrogen Vacancy) centers as single type specific color centers.
- the color center included in the magnetic resonance member 1 may be a color center other than the NV center.
- the high-frequency magnetic field generator 2 applies microwaves to the magnetic resonance member 1 to perform electron spin quantum manipulation of the magnetic resonance member 1 .
- the high-frequency magnetic field generator 2 is a plate-shaped coil, and includes a substantially circular coil portion that emits microwaves, and terminal portions that extend from both ends of the coil portion and are fixed to a substrate.
- the high-frequency power supply 11 generates the microwave current and conducts it to the high-frequency magnetic field generator 2 .
- the coil section conducts two currents parallel to each other at a predetermined interval so as to sandwich the magnetic resonance member 1 at both end portions thereof, and emits the above-described microwaves.
- the coil portion is a plate-like coil, and due to the skin effect, the microwave current flows through the end face portion of the coil portion, so that two currents are formed. Thereby, microwaves with spatially uniform intensity are applied to the magnetic resonance member 1 .
- the magnet 3 applies a static magnetic field (direct current magnetic field) to the magnetic resonance member 1 to Zeeman split the energy levels of a plurality of specific color centers (here, a plurality of NV centers) within the magnetic resonance member 1 .
- the magnet 3 is a ring-shaped permanent magnet, such as a ferrite magnet, an alnico magnet, or a samarium-cobalt magnet.
- the application direction of the static magnetic field is the same as the application direction of the magnetic field to be measured, and the application of the static magnetic field enhances the change in fluorescence intensity at the dip frequency described above, thereby increasing the sensitivity. get higher
- the magnetic resonance member 1 includes a plurality of color centers (here, NV centers) capable of electron spin quantum manipulation with microwaves as described above, and the magnet 3 is a predetermined magnet of the magnetic resonance member 1.
- a substantially uniform static magnetic field is applied to the region (excitation light irradiation region).
- the static magnetic field is applied so that the difference or ratio between the maximum value and the minimum value of the strength of the static magnetic field in the predetermined region is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
- the crystals of the magnetic resonance member 1 are formed so that the arrangement direction of the above-described defects and impurities substantially coincides with the above-described direction of the static magnetic field (and the direction of the applied magnetic field).
- the orientation of member 1 is set.
- an optical system from the light emitting device 12 to the magnetic resonance member 1 is provided in order to irradiate the magnetic resonance member 1 with excitation light, and fluorescence from the magnetic resonance member 1 is detected.
- an optical system from the magnetic resonance member 1 to the light receiving device 13 is provided.
- the light emitting device 12 includes a laser diode or the like as a light source, and emits laser light of a predetermined wavelength as excitation light to be irradiated to the magnetic resonance member 1 from the light source.
- the light receiving device 13 includes a photodiode or a phototransistor as a light receiving element, receives fluorescence emitted by the magnetic resonance member 1 in response to the excitation light, and outputs a fluorescence sensor signal PL corresponding to the intensity of the fluorescence. Generate. This fluorescence is collected toward the light receiving device 13 by an optical system such as a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC).
- CPC compound parabolic concentrator
- the intensity I of the excitation light described above is the sum of the original intensity I_laser and the intensity I_noise of the noise component, as shown in the following equation.
- This noise component is generated due to fluctuations in the power supply voltage of the light emitting device 12, fluctuations in the amount of light emitted from the light source, etc., and has a frequency ranging from the order of kHz to the order of 100 kHz, for example.
- the level of the fluorescence sensor signal PL basically increases as the intensity I of the excitation light increases.
- the fluorescence intensity at the start of the excitation light irradiation at the time of measurement is small, and after that, the effect of the change in the electron spin quantum state caused by the measured field disappears. , the fluorescence intensity gradually increases. Therefore, a detection signal SD proportional to the level variation ⁇ cont (t) of the fluorescence sensor signal PL caused by the change in the electron spin quantum state due to the field to be measured is derived as a signal indicating the field to be measured.
- a fluorescence sensor signal PL is represented by the following equation.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the nonlinearity of the fluorescence sensor signal level with respect to the amount of excitation light. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the slope of the level of the fluorescence sensor signal PL increases as the fluorescence intensity decreases.
- ⁇ init is a coefficient indicating a portion that is proportional to the intensity I of the excitation light (a portion that is not affected by changes in the electron spin quantum state due to the field to be measured), and f is the intensity I of the excitation light.
- the fluorescence sensor signal PL in this case is represented by the following equation.
- the function f and the constant ⁇ are derived in advance by experiments on the sensor of the light receiving device 13 or the like. Also, this function f may have other functional forms such as an exponential function.
- the level ref of the reference light sensor signal of the reference light branched from the excitation light is proportional to the intensity I of the excitation light, it is expressed by the following equation.
- the level of the reference light sensor signal PL is linear (proportional) to the reference light intensity.
- PL is Taylor-expanded, and since I noise ⁇ I laser , ignoring the cubic and subsequent terms is expressed by the above equation. Further, as follows, the above PL and ref are subjected to Taylor expansion (Maclaurin expansion) with I noise , and the CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) is derived from the PL and ref by approximation ignoring the third and subsequent terms. be.
- PL (I laser + I noise ) indicates that PL is a function of (I laser + I noise ), and PL (I laser ) is PL when I noise is 0 .
- ref( Ilaser + Inoise ) indicates that ref is a function of ( Ilaser + Inoise ), and ref( Ilaser ) is ref when Inoise is zero.
- PL( Ilaser + Inoise ) PL( Ilaser )+PL'( Ilaser ) Inoise +...
- PL( Ilaser + Inoise ) PL( Ilaser )+PL'( Ilaser ) Inoise
- CMR_SIG(t) is derived by the following equation so that the influence of I noise on ⁇ init is removed.
- CMR_SIG(t) PL ⁇ (PL′(I laser )/ref′(I laser ))ref
- the CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) is given by the following equation. Note that in the following equation, a constant ⁇ init ⁇ I laser 2 is added in order to remove a term (described later) that is a constant regardless of the time t.
- the detection signal SD(t) described above is derived as in the following equation. This removes the effect of I noise on ⁇ cont (t).
- the peak value and time integral value of the detection signal SD(t) are correlated with the strength of the field under measurement
- the peak value and time integral value of the detection signal SD(t) and the field under measurement The strength of the field to be measured is derived from the peak value and the time integral value of the detection signal SD(t) using a formula or table showing the correspondence relationship, which is specified in advance by experiments or the like. be done.
- the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 1 further includes light separation units 21 and 22 as optical elements on the optical path of the excitation light from the light emitting device 12 to the magnetic resonance member 1.
- Each of the light separation units 21 and 22 splits a portion of the excitation light from the excitation light and emits it in another direction as reference light.
- the light separation units 21 and 22 are polarization independent beam splitters.
- the measurement apparatus shown in FIG. 1 also includes light receiving devices 23 and 24 that receive reference light and generate reference light sensor signals ref1 and ref2 (ref described above) corresponding to the intensity of the reference light.
- two reference lights are separately generated from the excitation light, and two reference light sensor signals ref1 and ref2 are generated.
- the reference light sensor signal ref1 is used for common mode rejection, which will be described later, and the reference light sensor signal ref2 is digitized and used to generate the detection signal SD.
- the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a CMR calculation section 25 as an analog calculation circuit.
- the CMR calculator 25 performs common mode rejection on the fluorescence sensor signal PL based on the reference light sensor signal ref1, and generates a CMR signal CMR_SIG based on the common mode rejection.
- the CMR calculator 25 includes a coefficient unit 25a, an offset remover 25b, and a differential amplifier 25c.
- the coefficient unit 25a multiplies the reference light sensor signal ref1 by a predetermined coefficient ⁇ init (2 ⁇ I laser +1)/ ⁇ .
- the offset removal unit 25b subtracts the constant ⁇ init ⁇ I laser 2 indicating the above offset from the output signal ref1 ⁇ init (2 ⁇ I laser +1)/ ⁇ of the coefficient unit 25a.
- the differential amplifier 25c calculates the difference between the fluorescence sensor signal PL and the output signal ref1 ⁇ init (2 ⁇ I laser +1)/ ⁇ init ⁇ I laser 2 of the offset removing unit 25b, and converts the calculation result into a CMR signal CMR_SIG. output as In FIG. 1, the offset removing unit 25b subtracts the constant ⁇ init ⁇ I laser 2 indicating the above offset from the output signal ref1 ⁇ init (2 ⁇ I laser +1)/ ⁇ of the coefficient unit 25a.
- the constant ⁇ init ⁇ I laser 2 indicating the offset may be added to the fluorescence sensor signal PL, or the constant ⁇ init ⁇ I laser 2 indicating the offset may be added to the output signal of the differential amplifier 25c. may be added to
- the coefficient unit 25a may be provided as an analog arithmetic circuit, or the gain of the light receiving device 23 may be adjusted without providing the coefficient unit 25a, and the reference obtained by multiplying the predetermined coefficient ⁇ init (2 ⁇ I laser +1)/ ⁇ An optical sensor signal may be output.
- the measuring device shown in FIG. 1 includes analog-to-digital converters 26 and 27 that digitize the CMR signal CMR_SIG and the reference sensor signal ref2, respectively, and an arithmetic processor 31 that controls the measuring device and performs signal processing.
- the analog-to-digital converters 26 and 27 respectively digitize the CMR signal CMR_SIG and the reference sensor signal ref2 with a predetermined number of bits and a predetermined sampling period (speed), and digitize the digitized CMR signal CMR_SIG and the reference sensor signal ref2 to the arithmetic processing unit. 31.
- a signal processing program is stored in the storage device 43, and the computer includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), etc., and the signal processing program is loaded into the RAM. and executed by the CPU, it operates as the measurement control section 41 and the calculation section 42 .
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the measurement control unit 41 (a) controls the high-frequency power supply 11 and the light emitting device 12, and (b) acquires the CMR signal CMR_SIG and the reference light sensor signal ref2 digitized as described above, and stores them in the RAM according to a predetermined measurement sequence. and the storage device 43 to cause the calculation unit 42 to derive the measured value of the field under measurement.
- This measurement sequence is set according to the frequency of the field under test. For example, if the field to be measured is a relatively high-frequency alternating field, a spin echo pulse sequence (such as a Hahn echo sequence) is applied to this measurement sequence. However, the measurement sequence is not limited to this. Also, for example, when the field under test is a relatively low-frequency AC field, the physical field is measured by a Ramsay pulse sequence (that is, a DC field measurement sequence) multiple times in one cycle of the field under test. and the field to be measured (intensity, waveform, etc.) may be specified based on those measurement results.
- a Ramsay pulse sequence that is, a DC field measurement sequence
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a measurement sequence.
- FIG. 3 shows the timing of the microwave pulse with respect to the magnetic field to be measured and the irradiation timing of the excitation light (twice for initialization and measurement) in the case of the spin echo pulse sequence. As shown in FIG. 3, fluorescence is detected during the irradiation period of the excitation light.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating reference optical sensor signals ref1(t), ref2(t), fluorescence sensor signal PL(t), CMR signal CMR_SIG(t), and detection signal SD(t).
- the reference light sensor signals ref1(t) and ref2(t) are substantially rectangular pulse signals during the irradiation period, and the fluorescence sensor signal PL(t) gradually rises to a constant level during the irradiation period. It becomes a converging pulse signal.
- a CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) is then obtained by common mode rejection.
- the calculation unit 42 generates the detection signal SD(t) proportional to ⁇ cont (t) from the digitized CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) and the digitized reference light sensor signal ref2(t). Based on the detection signal SD(t), the measured value of the field under measurement (here, magnetic flux density, magnetic field waveform, etc.) is derived.
- calculation unit 42 performs digital filtering for noise removal on the digitized CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) or the detection signal SD(t).
- the computing unit 42 applies a window function to the digitized CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) or the detection signal SD(t) in the digital filtering process to obtain high frequency components of the signal. frequency noise component).
- the window function is an FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of frequency characteristics of a window function.
- the window function described above has frequency characteristics, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, and attenuates high-frequency noise components (in this case, components of about 10 kHz or higher).
- the computing unit 42 executes noise removal processing in addition to the above-described digital filtering processing.
- the computing unit 42 (a) integrates the values of the digitized CMR signals obtained a plurality of times (predetermined number of samplings) in the first half and the second half of the irradiation period of the excitation light, (b) Calculate the difference between the integrated value (sum or average) of the CMR signals for the first half and the integrated value (sum or average) of the CMR signals for the latter half to remove the noise component in the CMR signal.
- the noise component of the CMR signal is suppressed.
- analog-to-digital converter 26 operates faster than the analog-to-digital converter 27, and the analog-to-digital converter 27 performs digitizing with higher precision than the analog-to-digital converter 26.
- the analog-to-digital converter 26 converts the input analog signal into a 20-bit digital signal at, for example, 200 Msample/s
- the analog-to-digital converter 27 converts the input analog signal into a 24-bit digital signal, at, for example, 100 ksample/s. Convert to digital signal.
- the CMR signal analog-to-digital converted by the analog-to-digital converter 26 changes relatively quickly, it is sampled by the high-speed analog-to-digital converter 26, and noise is eliminated based on multiple samplings as described above.
- the reference light sensor signal ref2 analog-to-digital converted by the analog-to-digital converter 27 is used for computation to theoretically eliminate the influence of the noise component I noise of the excitation light in the CMR signal, and the detection The calculation is performed with accuracy according to the voltage level relative to the voltage level of the fluorescence sensor signal PL of the term of the product of the level variation ⁇ cont (t) in the fluorescence sensor signal PL and the noise component intensity I noise As required, it is sampled by an analog-to-digital converter 27 of relatively high precision.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart explaining the operation (that is, the measuring method) of the measuring device according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
- a sensor unit 10 is placed at the measurement position of the field to be measured. It should be noted that while scanning the sensor unit 10, measurements may be performed at a plurality of measurement positions.
- the measurement control unit 41 causes the light-emitting device 12 to emit excitation light and causes the high-frequency magnetic field generator 2 to emit microwaves according to a predetermined measurement sequence (step S1).
- the fluorescence sensor signal PL (analog signal) is output from the light receiving device 13, and the reference light sensor signals ref1 and ref2 (analog signals) are output from the light receiving devices 23 and 24, respectively, during the irradiation period of the excitation light during measurement.
- the CMR calculator 25 outputs the CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) from the fluorescence sensor signal PL(t) and the reference light sensor signal ref1, which is digitized by the analog-to-digital converter 26 (steps S3 and S4).
- the reference light sensor signal ref2 is digitized by the analog-to-digital converter 27 (step S4).
- the calculation unit 42 applies a window function to the CMR signal to obtain the CMR signal CMR_SIG High-frequency noise components (e.g., 10 kHz or higher components) are removed from (t) (step S5), and a plurality of values of the CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) sampled a plurality of times (e.g., 1000 times) are integrated and subtracted. to remove relatively low-frequency noise components (for example, components of several kHz to 10 kHz) (step S6).
- a window function to the CMR signal to obtain the CMR signal CMR_SIG
- High-frequency noise components e.g. 10 kHz or higher components
- a plurality of values of the CMR signal CMR_SIG(t) sampled a plurality of times e.g., 1000 times
- the calculation unit 42 derives the value of the detection signal SD(t) based on the value of the CMR signal and the value of the reference light sensor signal ref2 obtained by removing noise in this way (step S7). From the value of the detection signal SD(t), the measured value of the field under measurement at the measurement position and the measurement timing (execution timing of the measurement sequence) is derived (step S7).
- the high-frequency magnetic field generator 2 changes the electron spin quantum state in response to the field to be measured, and the magnetic resonance member 1 capable of manipulating the electron spin quantum by microwaves. Electron spin quantum manipulation is performed with microwaves.
- the light emitting device 12 emits excitation light to be applied to the magnetic resonance member 1 .
- the light receiving device 13 receives fluorescence emitted by the magnetic resonance member 1 in response to the excitation light and generates a fluorescence sensor signal corresponding to the intensity of the fluorescence.
- the CMR calculation unit 25 performs common mode rejection on the fluorescence sensor signal based on the reference light sensor signal generated by receiving the reference light obtained by branching the excitation light, and performs common mode rejection on the fluorescence sensor signal based on the common mode rejection. Generate a CMR signal.
- the analog-to-digital converter 26 digitizes the CMR signal, and the analog-to-digital converter 27 receives the reference light obtained by branching the excitation light and digitizes the reference light sensor signal generated.
- the processor 31 generates a detection signal based on the digitized CMR signal and the digitized reference light sensor signal, and derives a measured value of the field under test based on the detection signal.
- the CMR calculation unit 25 performs the above-described common mode rejection in consideration of the non-linearity of the fluorescence sensor signal level with respect to the above-described excitation light intensity. Further, the arithmetic processing unit 31 executes digital filter processing for noise removal on the digitized CMR signal or detection signal.
- magnetic field measurement is performed based on photodetection magnetic resonance, but temperature measurement and the like can also be performed in the same manner. It is also possible to perform current measurements based on magnetic fields obtained by magnetic field measurements.
- the reference light for calculating the detection signal using the reference light sensor signal is branched from the excitation light separately from the reference light for common mode rejection.
- the reference light branched for rejection may also be used as the reference light for the calculation of the detection signal using the reference light sensor signal described above.
- the reference light sensor signals ref1 and ref2 described above are separately generated, one reference light sensor signal ref is generated and the reference light sensor signal ref is used as the reference light sensor signals ref1 and ref2 described above. You may do so.
- the window function is applied to the CMR signal, but instead, the window function may be applied to the detection signal.
- the differential amplifier 25b may be provided separately from the analog-to-digital converter 26, or may be incorporated in the analog-to-digital converter 26.
- the present invention is applicable, for example, to a measuring device that uses optical detection magnetic resonance.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- 被測定場に対応して電子スピン量子状態が変化するとともにマイクロ波で電子スピン量子操作の可能な磁気共鳴部材と、
前記マイクロ波で前記磁気共鳴部材の電子スピン量子操作を行う高周波磁場発生器と、
前記磁気共鳴部材に照射すべき励起光を出射する発光装置と、
前記磁気共鳴部材により前記励起光に対応して発せられる蛍光を受光し前記蛍光の強度に対応する蛍光センサー信号を生成する蛍光受光装置と、
前記蛍光センサー信号に対して、前記励起光を分岐して得られる参照光を受光して生成される参照光センサー信号に基づくコモンモードリジェクションを行い、前記コモンモードリジェクションに基づくCMR信号を生成するCMR演算部と、
前記CMR信号をデジタイズする第1アナログデジタル変換器と、
前記励起光を分岐して得られる参照光を受光して生成される参照光センサー信号をデジタイズする第2アナログデジタル変換器と、
デジタイズされた前記CMR信号およびデジタイズされた前記参照光センサー信号に基づいて検出信号を生成し、前記検出信号に基づいて前記被測定場の測定値を導出する演算処理装置とを備え、
前記CMR演算部は、前記励起光の光量に対する前記蛍光センサー信号のレベルの非線形性を考慮して前記コモンモードリジェクションを行い、
前記演算処理装置は、デジタイズされた前記CMR信号、または前記検出信号に対して、ノイズ除去用のデジタルフィルター処理を実行すること、
を特徴とする測定装置。 - 被測定場に対応して電子スピン量子状態が変化するとともにマイクロ波で電子スピン量子操作の可能な磁気共鳴部材に対して、所定の測定シーケンスに従って、前記マイクロ波で前記磁気共鳴部材の電子スピン量子操作を行うとともに、前記磁気共鳴部材に照射すべき励起光を出射し、
前記磁気共鳴部材により前記励起光に対応して発せられる蛍光を受光し前記蛍光の強度に対応する蛍光センサー信号を生成し、
前記励起光の光量に対する前記蛍光センサー信号のレベルの非線形性を考慮して、前記蛍光センサー信号に対して、前記励起光を分岐して得られる参照光を受光して生成される参照光センサー信号に基づくコモンモードリジェクションを行い、前記コモンモードリジェクションに基づくCMR信号を生成し、
前記CMR信号をデジタイズし、
前記励起光を分岐して得られる参照光を受光して生成される参照光センサー信号をデジタイズし、
デジタイズされた前記CMR信号およびデジタイズされた前記参照光センサー信号に基づいて検出信号を生成し、前記検出信号に基づいて前記被測定場の測定値を導出し、
デジタイズされた前記CMR信号、または前記検出信号に対して、ノイズ除去用のデジタルフィルター処理を実行すること、
を特徴とする測定方法。 - 前記蛍光センサー信号のレベルを前記励起光の光量のN次式で表現した条件で、前記参照光センサー信号に基づくコモンモードリジェクションを行い、前記コモンモードリジェクションに基づくCMR信号を生成し、
前記Nは、2以上のいずれかの数であること、
を特徴とする請求項2記載の測定方法。 - 第1アナログデジタル変換器で前記CMR信号をデジタイズし、
第2アナログデジタル変換器で前記参照光センサー信号をデジタイズし、
前記第1アナログデジタル変換器は、前記第2アナログデジタル変換器に比べ高速に動作し、
前記第2アナログデジタル変換器は、前記第1アナログデジタル変換器に比べ高精度のデジタイズを行うこと、
を特徴とする請求項2記載の測定方法。 - 前記コモンモードリジェクションに使用される前記参照光センサー信号とは別に、デジタイズされ前記検出信号の生成に使用される前記参照光センサー信号を生成することを特徴とする請求項2記載の測定方法。
- 前記デジタルフィルター処理では、デジタイズされた前記CMR信号、または前記検出信号に対して窓関数を適用することを特徴とする請求項2記載の測定方法。
- (a)前記励起光の照射期間の前半部分および後半部分において、それぞれ、複数回得られる、デジタイズされた前記CMR信号の値を積算し、(b)前記前半部分についての前記CMR信号の積算値と前記後半部分についての前記CMR信号の積算値との差分を計算して前記CMR信号におけるノイズ成分を除去することを特徴とする請求項2記載の測定方法。
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